University of South Carolina Libraries
|jv . * } How the Farmer in the Arid Region I Land, and to Supply His lie Windmills Are the Que ing and Host Usef By Waldon S '?&ARIOUS and V^Vif /?/ many stories have been writof the windmills ' in Ho^an<3' ?ut cv?.? song and story, o T~. ,3 olrv-,^^4- ,, ?-* T- ?-? auu uiujuai ?xiuiij UUCLUU ?u IU ."world at large, are the strange, windpropelled machines of our Western States. Yet the Western Trindmills are Infinitely quainter and more Interesting : ."7ft OATTLE AXt l \ WINDMILL X^\ than any erected since the days of Don Quixote. They are among the i greatest curiosities of the continent. The chief use of these ingenious ] structures is to furnish an adequate 1 supply of water to farms. More than ] one-third of the area of the States is, or was originally, arid land, and is habitable for man and beast only ] when subjected to the magical 'influ- j ence of irrigation?hence the windmills, i j The ,jjnndmill in the Great Plains' re- j * gion of the West, is as distinctive a Ult SIMPLE TURBINE WINDMILL. ' Br ?ign of progress as is the railway loco- 1 K motive. i Throughout almost the entire terri- 1 I tory between the Mississippi and the I Pacific coast the supply of water is so i ^scanty that it is impossible to store it ] q reservoirs, or to make elaborate Hpraterwoi'ks. A small amount of water is -available W%most everywhere?and it is due to ] ihe successful experiments of the Uni| ted States Government in utilizing the ^ jver-present force of the wind that Iumilis uui luib legiuu us uuuii.v j armhouses. jvernment experts estimate that >ughout at least one-fourth of the < es windmills must ever be insepar' connected with the development lie country. , io windmill was popular In this >tern country as a means to raise er for domestic use long before it . used to Irrigate the land. Giant tlmills have enabled farmers on the qs to introduce town luxuries into r homes, hot and cold water baths, d sprinklers and systems of fire ection. The windmills feed a dy stream of cold water through milk-house to the stock trough. iol water Is allowed to play around milk-cans, for it has been found it will cause a greater percentage fof cream to rise to the surface than would otherwise be the case?naturally a matted of considerable importance, as the butter products of this A TWO-TAN WINDMILL. territory amount to many millions of dollars annually. [In many progressive towns and villages in the West the windmill Las totally displaced thb to^n pump, and wlnjf-propelled machinery and large itorotpe tanks now supply all the water required by the public. Iq order to insure sufficient pressure - ~ " 'VA'V : * -t v.. x - ' ."? . >y' , f ' , ^=77^ ^ ino \A IIIV VV^UIJtllizes Wind-Power to Irrigate His >me With Water ? Western merest, Most Interestul in the World. l Fawcett. to throw the water above the housetops the tanks are placed on high ground or on high towers. The newest use of the windmill, however, is the most important?its use in irrigation. The home-made windmill is having an appreciable effect on population. There are many regions where good grazing may be found and where great herds of cattle may be fed free of cost, summer and -winter alike. If the cattle-men and their families are to live here, however, they must have at least a fertile acre for their own uses?this the -whirling mill now makes possible. There are almost as many different types as there are mills. Many are home-made, though manufacturers design types to meet all possible requirements. But often the farmer and his sons prefer to build their own mills in unemployed hours. Almcst any material that comes to hand will serve the purpose?odds and ends of hardware, old wire, bolts, nails and poles?even neglected mowing machines, reapers, planters or old buggies and wagons. There are "go-devil" or "jumbo" mills, "merry-go-rounds," and "turbines," each class represented by Innumerable types. Jumbo windmills are like paddle watermills. The larger kinds are placed on the ground?baby jumbos ire put up on high towers. The cost lverages about $4, and some develop is much as two-horse power. A boy in Nebraska built a baby jum A GIANT TURBINE. bo -which pumps ten gallons of water a minute, supplying the needs of a large boarding house. The merry-go-round pattern mills may be made in any size, wkh unlimited power?may attain a diameter of twenty-four feet and pump an eightinch stream of water. Their fans revolve about a vertical axis, and look not unlike the showman's merry-g^round. The turbine class includes "battleaxe" and "Holland mills." The distinguishing feature of the battle-axe mill is a tower supporting a horizontal nvln +sv -n'VklstU o *?rv nffoAYiod tiAia uuu \,l aui\, LU ?uitu die uiicivijeii inns with fan-like blades at their extremities. A fair-sized Holland mill will grind 300 bushels of grain in a day. Among these Western windmills many are extremely primitive. % ? ' Si " - ".*>r ?I S One ingenious farmer, for instance, bolted the axle of an old wagon, with hub and wheel intact, to the beams on the side of a barn, and nailed fans to the spokes, thus making a mill that served its purpose admirably. But the commonest types are those with a set turbine and many fans? they are inseparable features of every landscape out West. In any town thirty or forty may be counted; in the country twenty or thirty mills are often in view at one time. And still the development of the windmill goes on. In some places the energy generated Is transmitted long distances, from field to field and over hills. During the windy hours of the day c ii U V?Af_ me siuyius> eueiyy ui me wiuu is uuitled?that is to say, the -windmill compresses the air into stout iron cylinders, from which it may be drawn off when desired. The "windmill enthusiasts of the West are pointng to the fact that in many countries old and advanced in the arts the use of the -windmill is unknown, water is raised by hand, grain Is ground by horse power, -water power or hand, machinery is driven in much < ' J>"\. \.v - ... v' "'.J-' . , the same Tray, "while the wind, with all Its potential energy, is neglected. In this matter of "windmills the progressive Western States lead the world. ?Pearson's Magazine. TME EMPEROR'S ROBE. Recently Broucht to San Francisco by a neiumtu ooiaier. One of the royal robes of the Emperor of China is in the possession of Lieutenant Charles Kilburn, of the Fourteenth Infantry, tvIio Is home on sick leave, says the San Francisco Examiner. The garment was brought from Pekin, but its value was not known until a few days ago, when it was examined by some Chinese scholars, who recognised prominently among the figures of the embroidery the five-toed dragon and the seal of Emperor Kwang Su. As no one but persons of royalty are permitted to adore their garments with such figures of the dragon and only tne Emperor can decorate his clothing with his seal, there Is little doubt as to whom the garment belonged before the Boxers began their revolt. The robe was given to Lieutenant Kilburn as he was leaving Pekln by one of the soldiers of his regiment With many other articles It had been saved by the troops from a burning building that had been fired by a band of Chinese, who during the excitement of the entrance of the allied forces Into the city had raided, pillaged and burned many of the houses of the BELOXGKD TO KWANO 8T7. rich Chinese, who had fled at the approach of the soldiers. The robe is magnificently embroidered. It is arranged with many pleats, and the figures are so designed that with the pleats opened or closed the design is continuous and complete. Camp-Fire Utensil Holder. It Is so easy to tip over the coffeepot or to spill the contents of the other cooking utensils when placed on the ordinary camp-fire that the utility of the device shown herewith will immediately become apparent, and, as it also has cheapness and small bulk +r? rppnmmeiid it. there is little doubt that It will form a part of many a camping outfit the coming season. The holder comprises a metal tube, a length of gas pipe answering the purpose nicely, and a series of brackets, with straight, narrow shanks, which can be inserted in the oblong openings cut in the tube for this purpose. The stake is driven firmly into the ground in the place selected for the fire, and, after the brackets are once in place, the wood can be laid up around the stake and the fire lighted. A sufficient number of slots is provided to allow the placing of brackets so as to utilize nearly all of the heating surface presented by the blaze, and after the ifjflST SaSS' L ; COFFEE POT AND KETTLE SUPPORT. cooking is finished the food can be moved to the upper brackets to keep warm until wanted. The patent on this utensil has been granted .to Charles E. Bond. Young at a Hundred. If the present increase of the aver? age age of man continues, we will be in our youth when we are a hundred years old. We wlio are now living will not realize this condition unless we experience another incarnation or two, but when the time for it comes?under the conditional "if"?there will likely be mortals enough on earth with hopes, fears, trials, tribulations, pains and pleasures the same as we have. The thought of centuries staggers us, and millenniums are beyond our comprehension, but little things like these do not bother nature, with whom a day is as a thousand years and a thousand years as a day. And she does not consider whether she is dealing with us, with the peoples of thousands of years ago, or with those who will be here in a thousand years from now. The average age of man has been increased seven and a half years in the last century, and at that rate the average length of human life will be about one hundred and ten years in ten centuries.?New York Herald. Truth Will Out. A bookstall clerk at a big London terminus was recently deputed to write a label for a bundle of detective stories. The label was duly written and affixed to the books. It was then discovered that intending purchasers were informed that the books consisted nf "Defective stories bv well-known writers." Some men spend the last half of then lives discovering mistakes they made ir the first half. There are nearly 4000' miles inlan.' navigation in England and Wales. oi \ j r.'. . . - ' \c ? V- . /* j ' ?v. AN INDIAN IN THE NAVY. |] Chapman Schenandoah, an Oneida, l? g Member of the Crew of t*ie Atlanta. To the United States cruiser Atlanta * belongs the distinction of having in '.ts crew Chapman Schenandoah, the only American Indian in the navy. He < .s an Oneida, and was born on the J.t nltiA mni.t, tT iesurvauuii L?> t-utj-umc jcuio iifcvr. XiU :s the grandson of Schenandoah, "The Deer," who, in his day, was one of the most notable men of his tribe. At ^ SOHENANDOAH (THE DEER). The only full-blooded Indian In the United States Navy. the age of eighteen Schenandoah could neither read nor write, but had a natural talent for mechanics, and after he had seen a steam engine for the first time he went to his home and built one out of such material as he could find. He became a student at Hampton Institute and after seven years of work was graduated, but re* mained at Hampton as an assistant In the machine shop. When the war with Spain broke out he enlisted in the navy and served at first as a fireman on the San Francisco and later on the New York under Captain Chadwick. He. was mustered out of the volunteer service when the war was over, but re-enlisted at once and was assigned to the Atlanta, on which vessel he is at present. The Indian sailor is described by Ma fi'lcnrlc na n finp stnlwflrt fellow of whom his tribesmen have good I cause to feel proud.?New York Her- . aid. j Cap Defenders Worthless For Cralslnff. ; Very few people realize how utterly 1 worthless for all purposes excepting J racing is the ordinary cup defender. As a matter of fact craft of this kind , are not entitled to be called "yachts" ] at alL They are racing machines pure ! and simple. This year, more than ever J before, they have reached the limit. The two boats now being built to de? ] fend the cup are enormously expensive to construct, equally costly to keep In , commission and worthless for cruising purposes or for any of the uses to i which the ordinary j-acht Is put They, have no cabin room and require enor- ! mous crews. We print herewith a t midship section of the Independence, showing the interior o? the Boston cup defender in her widest and deepest part. Here there is not room for a man to stand up below the deck. The distance between the floor of the 7acht and the deck is hardly more than a man's height. This, however, would not be so bad if it were not for the braces and cross beams which cut up the Interior of the yacht from stem to stern. Steel braces cut up the cab* in room at angles of forty-five degrees every few feet. It Is impossible for two -men to walk abreast inside the yacht anywhere between the bow and stern. Under these circumstances the con? struction of a cabin or of comfortable quarters for the crew is impossible. All that the inside of the modern racing machine is good for is, therefore, to store spare sails, blocks, spars, tar- 1 paulins, etc. With a boat of this kind, requiring a large crew, it is impossible to go on a cruise, no matter how much aer sail area may be reduced, for there ivould be no comfortable quarters beow deck. The old fashioned yacht, on the othjr hand, was most comfortable for :he owner and his guests and the :rew, and indeed the pleasantest part >f the craft was below deck, where a1 :osey cabin with ample room afforded! ivery facility for enjoyment of life.? N'ew York Herald. Census Oddities In Germany. Tn tnl.-inrr l,or <>rmsns flprmjinv lllf.. ' .'ers from other countries lu that she 's uot content to number the people jnly. For some time there has been i cattle census, and on this occasion :here was a further extension of the scope by the institution of a fruit-tree census. Fruit as an article of food lud as a luxury has been steadily growing in favor for a long time, and :he Government considers it advisable :hat it should know its resources in ;his respect. A record of forest lands s also kept, and a yearly return has :o be made of the number of trees felled or otherwise destroyed and of die young trees planted in the forest i lurseries to replace them. I A Notable Sunday-School. t The largest and oldest Sunday-school i n the world is that of Stockport, EugI and, a large borough town not far i .'rom Manchester. It has this year :he names of 332S pupils on its books, 3f whom 1574 are boys and 1754 girls. : Vbout this parent school are grouped i .'our other affiliated schools containing "304 pupils. The school has a staff of '23 men and 210 women teachers.? ,, it Bits. Ki4jFT"->w -?>-v 'V " ?, WZrUVff*^ r )E. TALMAGES SEEMON :iiK!niY>5 nicmiiDcc DV TUF wnTcn DIVINE. Subject: Estimating Character ? The Divine Way Differs From the Hainan YTay?The American Nation Put Into the Royal Balance. [CopjTipht Wl. 1 Washington, D. C.?In this discourse From a symbol of the Bible Dr. Talraage irgei, the adoption of an unusual mode of Jstimating character and shows how different is the divine way from the human ivay; text. Proverbs xvi, 2, "The Lord veigheth the spirits." The subject of weights and measures is discussed among all nations, is the subject sf legislation, and has much to do with the world's prosperity. A system of iveiehts and measures was invented by Phidon, ruler of Argos, about 800 vears beFore Christ. An ounce, a pound, a ton, tvere different in different lands. Henry [II. decided that an ounce should be the sveight of 640 dried grains of wheat from the middle of the ear. From the reign of William t^ie Conqueror to Henry vIII. the English pound was the weight of 7680 grains of wheat. Queen Elizabeth decreed that a pound should be 7000 grains of wheat taken from the middle of the ear. Fhp nioro nf nlnti'nnm lronf nf thp )f the exchequer in England in an atmosphere of sixty-two degrees F. decides for ill Great Britain what a pound must be. scientific representatives from all lands net in 1869 in Paris and established international standards of weights and measires. You all know something of avoirdupois weight, of apothecaries' weijrht, of troy weight. You are familiar with the different kinds of weighing machines, whether i Roman balance, which is our steelyard, )r the more usual instrument consisting jf a beam supported in the middle, having two basins of equal weight suspended to :he extremities. Scales have been invented :o weigh substances huge, like mountains, ind others delicate enough to weigh mulitesimals. But in all the universe there lias only been one balance that could ireigh thoughts, emotions, affections, hatreds, ambitions. That balance was fashioned by an Almighty God. and is hung up tor perpetual service. "The Lord weigh;th the spirits." The dr#ine_ weigher puts into the balince the spirit of charity and decides how much of it really exists. It may go for nothing at all. It may be that it says to the unfortunate, "Take this and do not bother me any more." It may be an occasional impulse. It may depend upon the :ondition of the liver or the style of breakfast partaken of a little while before, [t may be called forth by the loveliness of the solicitor. It may be exercised in sDirit jf # rivalry, which practically says, ''Mv neighbor has given so much; therefore I must give as much." It is accidental or iccasional or spasmodic. When such a spirit of charity is put into the balance and weighed, God and men and angels look on and say there is nothing of it. It does not weigh so much as a dram, which is only the one-eighth part of an ounce, or a scruple, whieh is only the twenty-fourth part of an ounce. A man may give his hundreds and thousands of dollars with such feeliners and amid such sircumstances, and he will get no heavenly recognition. But into the divine scales another man's charity is placed. It starts from love of God and man. It is born in heaven. It is a lifelone characteristic. It may have a million dollars or a penury to bestow, but the manner in which that giver bestows it shows that it is a divinely im piamcu J;Iuicipic* The one penny given may, considering the limited circumstances, attract as much angelic and heavenly attention as though the check given in charity was so large it staggered the cashier of the bank to cash it. It is not the amount given, but the spirit with which it is given. "The Lord weigheth the spirits." Perhaps no one but God heard that good man's resolutions, but it amounted about to this: "From this present moment to mv last moment on earth, God helping me, I will do all I can to make the world a purer world, a better world, a happier world." But the resolution shines out in his face, sweetens his conversation, enlarges his nature, controls his life and shows itself as plainly in the contribution of $1 as though he had the means to contribute $500,000. So also in the celestial scales is placed the spirit of faith. In most cases faith depends on whether or not the sun shines and the man had sound sleep last night and whether the first person he meets in the morning tells him something agreeable or disagreeable. Some day the sales in his store do not amount to 60 much aa he expected, and he goes home with enough complaints to fill the house as soon as nc enters it. Another day the sales are twen ty or forty per cent. larger than usual, ano as he is putting the key into the door loch his family hear him whistling a tune most jubilant. He has faith that everything in his own affairs and in the affairs of churct and state are tending toward better condi tions until something depressing happens in his own personal experiences or under his own observation. But there is another man who by r& pentance and prayer has put himself intc alliance with the Almighty God. Made al right by the Saviour's grace, this man goes to work to make the world straight. Hesays to himself: "God lauched this world, and He never launched a failure. The Garden of Eden was a useless morass compared with what the whole world will be when it blossoms and leaves and flashes and re sounds with ita coming glory. God will save it anyhow, with me or without me; but I want to do my share. I have some equipment, not as much as some others but what I have I will use. I have powei to frown, and I will frown upon iniquity I have power to smile, and I will smile encouragement upon all the struggling. ] have a vocabulary not so opulent as the vocabulary of some others, out I have a storehouse of good words, and I mean tc Bcatter them in helpfulness. I will ascribe right motives to others when it is possible If I can say anything good about others, 1 will say it. If I can say nothing but evi] of them, I will keep my lips shut as tight as the lips of the Sphinx, which for 300C years has looked off upon the sands of the desert and uttered not one word about the desolation. The scheme of reconstructing this world is too great for me to manage, but I am not expected to boss this job. 1 have faith to believe that the plan is well laid out and wjil be wen executea. uive me a brick and a trowel, and I will begin now to help build the wall. I am not a soloist, but I can sing 'Rock of Ages' to a sick pauper. I cannot write a great book but I can pick a cinder out of a child's eye or a splinter from under his thumb nail I now enlist in this army that is going to take the world for God, and I defy all the evil powers, human and satanic, to discour age me. Count me into the service. I cannot play upon a musical instrument, but I can polish a cornet or string a harp or applaud the orchestra." All through-that man's experience there runs a faith that will keep him cheerful and busy and triumphant. I like the watchword of Cromwell's "Ironsides," the men who feared nothing and dared everything, going into the battle with the shout: "The Lord of hosts is with us. The God of Jacob is our refuge. Selah!" No balance that human brain ever planned or human hand ever constructed is worthy of weighing such a spirit. Gold and precious stonya are measured by the carat, which is four grains. The dealer puts the diamond or the pearl on one side of the scales and the carat on the other, and tells you the weight. 5ut we need something more delicately constructed to weigh that wonderful ouaiity of faith which I am glad to know will be recognized and rewarded for all time and all eternity. The earthly weighman counterpoises on metallic balances tne iron, the coal, the artirles of human food, the solids of earthly merchandise, but he cannot test or announce the amount of things spiritual. Put also into those royai scales me ambitious spirit. Every healthy man and woman has ambition. The lack of it is a sure sign of idiocy or immorality. The only question is, What shall be the style of our ambition? To stack up a stupendous fortune, to acquire a resounding name, to sweep everything we can reach into the whirlpool of our own selfishness? that is debasing, ruinous and deathful. If in ?:ich a snirifc we a?L what wp start for. "'K '. , - ., .> ';/j " . ' ' '' ' \ :ir'V' we or-.'y secure gigantic discontent. No mas was ever made happy by what he got. It all depends upon the spirit with which we get it and the spirit with which we keep it and the soirit with which we distribute it. Not since the world stood has there been anv instance of complete happiness from the amount of accumulation. Give the man ~f worldly ambition sixty VPflra r?f hrillinnf Cllnnocoaa TTr? ammU renown, and the nations speak his name; he sought for affluence, and he is put to his wits' end to find out the best stocks and bonds in which he may make his investments; he is director in enough banks and trustee in enough institutions and president of enough companies to brine on paresis, of which he is now dying. The royal balances are lifted to weigh the ambition which has controlled him a lifetime. What was the worth of that ambition? How much did it yield for usefulness and heaven? Less than a scruple, less than a grain of sand, less than an atom, less than nothing. Have a funeral a mile long with carriages; let the richest robes of ecclesiastics rustle about the casket; caricature the scene by choirs which chant "Blessed are the dead that die in the Lord." That man's life Is a failure, ?nd if his heirs scuffle in the Surrogate's court about the incapacity of the testator to make a last will and testament it will only be a prolongation of the failure. The son, through dissipation, spent his share of the fortune before the father died, and so was cut off with a dollar; the daughter married against his will, and she is disinherited; -relatives whom he could never bear the sight of will put in their claim, and after years of litigation so much of the estate as the lawyers have not appropriated to themselves will go into hands which the testator never once thought of when in his last days he bade tearful farewells to the houses and lands and government securi iJ 1.1 U: LLCS I1C UUlliU UUb L<ih.C ?UUUg >V 1LL1 111111 1ULU the sepulcher. But look into the dream of that schoolhoy who; without faying anything ahout it, is nlanning his lifetime career. From an old book, partly written in Hebrew and partly written in Greek, but both Hebrew and Greek translated into eood English, he reads of a ijreat farmer like Amos, a great mechanic like Aholiab,. a great lawyer like Moses, a great soldier like Joshua, a great king like Hezekiah, a great Doet like David, a great gleaner like Ruth, a creat physician like Luke, a great preacher like Paul, a great Christ like no one on earth or in heaven, because the suoerior of all beings terrestrial or celestial. He has learned by heart the Ten Commandments and the sermon on the mount, and has splendid theories about everything. Between that fair-haired boy and the achievement of what he wants and expects there are obstacles and hindrances known only i._ i.i.- n^j i. to trie uruu wuu is guuig iu uiacipime mui for heroics magnificent. I have no power to prophesy the different experiences of his encouragement and disappointment, of his struggle or his triumph, hut as sure as God lives to make His word come true that boy, who will sleeD to-night nine hours without waking, will be final victor. I do not know the intermediate chapters of the volume of that young man's life, but I know the first chapter and the last chapter. The first chanter is made of high resolve in the strength of God, and the last chapter is filled with the rewards of a noble ambition. As his obsequies pass out to the cemetery tne poor will weep because thev will lose their best friend. Manv in whose temporal welfare and eternal salvation he bore a part will hear of it in various nlaces and eulogize his mem* orv, and God will say to the ascending spirit, "To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the tree of life, which is in the midst of the paradise of God." In the hour of that soul's release and enthronement there will be heavenly acclamation as in the royal balances "the Lord weigheth the spirits." And so the spirit of our American nation is put into the royal balance, and it will be weighed as certainlv as all the nations of the past were weighed and as all the nations of the present are being weighed. When we go to estimate the wealth of this nation we weigh its gold and silver and coal and iron and copper and lead, and all the steelyards and all the balances are | kept busy. So many tons of this and so many tons of that; a mountainful of this ; metal and another mountainful of another , metal. That is well. We want to know our mining wealth, our manufacturing i wealth, our agricultural wealth, and the . bushel measure and the scales have an im* [ portant work. But know right well there is a divine weighing in this country all the time going on. and I can tell you our country^ destnv, if you will tell me whether it [ shal' ; a God honoring nation, reverential to the only book of His authorship, observi ing the "shalt nots" of the law of right , given on Mount Sinai and the law of love i given on the Mount of Beatitudes, one > day of the week observed, not in revelry. I but in holy convocation, marriage honored in ceremony and in fact, blasphemy sii lenced in all the streets, high toned sys: tems of morals in all parts of our land? then our institutions will live, and all the I wondrous prosperities of the preseift are : only a faint hint of the greater prosperities ; to come. Richer harvests will rustle in t the fields, a higher style of literature will i turn its leaves in our libraries, nobler men will adorn our State and National legislati ures, and there will be Washingtons and r Hamiltons and Patrick Henrys and John Marshalls and Abraham Lincolns in the . future quite equal to those of the past. > And the last day of the world's existence [ will find our free American institutions > nermanent as the mountains before they , begin to fall and glorious as the seas be[ fore they begin to die. L The wish of this sermon is to emphaI size the invisible, to show that there are t other balances besides those made of brass . and platinum and aluminium and set in I earthly storehouses; that the spirit is the most important part of us; that the scales ! which weigh your body are not as impor| tant as the scales which weigh your soul. I Depend not too much for happiness upon | the visible. Pyrrhus was king and had \ lanre dominion, but was determined to [ make war against the Romans, and Cineas, the friend of the king, said to him, "Sir. i when you have conouered them what will , you do nest?" "Then Sicily is near at ? har.d and easy to master." "And what when you have conquered Sicity?" "Then [ wc will pass over to Africa and take CarI thace, which cannot long withstand us." ; "When these are conouered, what will you I next attempt?" "Then we will fall in ; upon Greece and Macedonia and recover [ what we have lost there." "Well, when r all are subdued what fruit do you expeci ' from all your victories?" "Then." said [ the kin"?, "we will sit down and enjoy ourj selves." "Sir." said Cineas, "may we not . do it now? Have you not already a king[ dom of your own? And he that cannot l enjoy himself with a kingdom cannot with L the whole world." I say to you who love the Lord the j kingdom is within you. Make more of the invisible conquests; study a peace which | the world has no bushel to measure, no . Bteelyards to weigh. As far as possible we should make our balances like to the divine balances. What a world this will be when it is weighed after its regeneration shall have taken place! Scientists now guess at the i number of tons our world weighs, and they put the Aoennines and the Sierra Nevadas and Chimborazo and the Himalayas in the > scales, but if weighed as to its morals at the present time in the royal balance the heaviest things would be the wars, the international hatreds, the crimes mountain high, the moral disasters that stagger the hemispheres on their way through immensity. But when the gospel has cardenized the earth, as it will yet gardenize it. and the atmosphere shall he universal balm, and the soil shall produce universal harvest and fruitage, and the last cavalry i horse shall go unsaddled, and the last gun carriage unwheeled, and the last fortress turned into a museum to show nations in (icuce wiiai/ ? iiwuiu niuig then the world will be weighed, and as the opposite side of the scales lifts as though it was light as a feather the right side of the scales will come down, weighing more than all else, those tremendous values that St. Peter enumerated?faith, virtue, knowledge, temneranee, patience, godliness, brotherly kindness, charity. God forbid that it should ever be written concerning us as individuals or communities or nations, as it was written on the wall of Belshazzar's banqueting hall the hour when Daniel impeached the monarch and translated the faery words which blanched the cheeks of the revelers and made them 6rop their chalices brimming with wine. ''Thou art weighed in the balan/ias on/1 f.i nrJ uranfr.mff " &!38 .. .. ;< \ . * ?V. iP> vvv ; - .' - . . - - r:' * r^rf\:jxi \ ' ' ; ' 4" ' V THE GREAT DESTROYER SOME STARTLING FACTS ABOUT THE VICE OF INTEMPERANCE. 4way with Alcoliol?Important Document Published and Circulated by the Austrian Government ? tVhy Alcoholic # Drinks Are >*o ; Advantage JWhatever. Along with consumption,, alcoholism is one of the most deadly foes to health in our nation, so that the public health as well as social progress urges the need of fighting an enemy like this with steady determination. With this trouble, more than any other, the remedy lies with the people themselves. If only they were armea with sufficient insight into the truth and were firm they couJd banish all that enormous train of disease and misery that follows the use of intoxicating drinks. The first thing necessary is to root up every prejudice in favor of spirituous liquors we still find everywhere. Jivery one of the drinks, including beer, wine and whisky, contains the same poison?alcohol. Experience every day shows that ? men are made quite as drunk on b,eer aa on whisky. The only difference is in the relative quantity it takes As for whisky, the strongest spirituous liquor, that contains from one-iourth to one-third alcohol, , wine about one-tenth and lager betjr, onetwentv-fifth. This being the fact tny one who drinks a quart of beer swallows the same amount of alcohol as if he tossed off an eighth of a quart of whisky. People say alcohol nourishes. That statement is based on a mistaken conviction. It h.18 no power except to deaden the feeling of hunger, like any other narcotic poisoti, opium for example? yet no one eve? breams of calling opium a food, although it also benumbs the sense of hunger. The fact is, experiments made by physicians have demonstrated that alcohol cannot prevent the waste of flesh, the most important requirement of foodf it only promotes a diseased accumulation of fat in the body. This being the case, it > cannot be a true food. Beer, of course, does contain a trifling amount of nourishment from the malt, Dut it costs from ten to twentv-five times as much as for a cor responding amount of the same nourishment in the form of bread, or sugar. As the matter stands, the man who buys these elements of his food in beer is a very poor manager. People also declare that alcohol increases strength. That is another opinion based on self-delusion. Here again it is nothing but the stupifying effect on the senses that produces such an impression; the serse of fatigue is blunted, and people imagine their power to work increased. Numerous experiments have demonstrated without exception that workers of all kinds c?.n accomplish more, and bear it better, without spirituous drinks than if they are used. * Millions of laborers in England, Sweden, Norway, North Germany and Switzerland, who never drink a drop of alcoholic liqi or, bear the same testimonv. People who vide the bicycle, turners ana mountain climbers have long been aware they are more successful in great feats when they let alcohol ajone. Finally, people mantain that alcohol imparts warmth. That is another delusion. A thermometer cannot be bribed, and that proves that the effect of alcohol is to cool the body; the deceptive sensation of warmth is derived from the fact that alcohol sends more blood to the skin. Practical experience bears the same testimony. In the coldest regions on earth, the polar regions, people of experience like the North Pole explorer, Nansen, avoid using alcohol because of its danger. Repeated instances of drunken men freezing illus? Kara flf Knmfl blUicsj iuc oauic uau^i u?.tv It is plain, therefore, that alcoholic drinks are no advantage whatever, neither ? for food, for strength nor for warmth. They do nothing whatever but delude people, instead of nourishing, strengthening, or warming; their only effect is to cause an injurious benumbing of the sense of hunger, weariness and cold. ?l' # The "Iron Serve" of the Boer/ The Literary Digest gives a translation * of a striking article on "Drink in the Boer Army," which appeared recently in the "Sud-Afrikanische Korrespondenz" over the signature of Fritz v. d. Straaten: "In the Boer army liquor drinking haa been prohibited from the beginning, and smuggling prevented as much as possible. The rule worked well. Our men have been in the saddle hundreds of miles at a stretch and in all sorts of weather, yet none craved it. We had no hygienic uniforms, many had. not even warm over-*' coats, yet the cold nights and hot days did not hurt the men. I have asked many medical men about the matter, and nearly all attributed the remarkable physical endurance of the Boers to their abstemiousness. It has been said that liquor will assist one in bearing fatigue. Not a word of it is true. Once during the campaign on the Tugela, I, with a few comrades, reached an abandoned farm. The sun wa3 sinking. ^ We had been in the saddle since day-4 break, without food or drink. . Nothjdg' eatable was in the house, but one of the men found a bottle of Cape brandy. Every one shared the find except an old cattle Boer. And the result? All who took a drink were in a raging fever half an hour after. Despite all the hunger and thirst I had experienced I never felt so bad during the whole campaign. Had we met any ' Britishers when we continued our ride the old Boer who refused to drink would have been the only one able to fight. It is absolutely false that liquor raises the courage. "The only result it has is to make the men more careless. This may have been of some value in the old days of hand-to-hand fighting, but what is wanted to-day is iron nerve, a clear eye, quick decision. I will only add that the Europeans, on the Boers' side, felt no bad effects from being deprived of liquor." A Notable Resolution. The Lodge resolution passed by the Senate reads thus: "That in the opinion ol this body the time has come when the princple, twice affirmed in internationa. treaties for Central Africa, that nativi races should be protected against the de structive traffic in intoxicants, should t* extended to all uncivilized peoples by the enactment of such laws and the making o: such treaties as will effectually prohibil the sale by the signatory Powers to aboriginal tribes and uncivilized races of opium and intoxicating beverages." Earnest Words. , In 1875 the Catholic bishops of Ireland, in national synod, put the following earnest words into an address issued to their people: "Drunkenness has wrecked more lomes, once happy, than ever fell beneath 4-Ua rtrrtn-kir in tho nrnraf. rtavs Of eviction! it has filled more graves, and made more widows and orphans than did the famine; it has broken more hearts, blighted more hopes, and rent asunder family ties more ruthlessly than the enforced exile to which their misery has condemned emigrants." The Crusade in Brief. ? In Sweden, the home of the Gothenburg system, cars are provided for drunken persons. , Vernon Township, in Crawford County, Ohio, has declared in favor of no license after a bitter contest. Drunkenness is the greatest evil of this nation, and it takes no logical process to prove that a drunken natiou cannot long r be a free nation. Men are not in the liquor business for I - il..:. I HI. tham fn lun nor ior men ucmm. uns ? understand that the people have stopped fooling with them and there will be a change brought about as far as they are concerned. The Belgian Government has offered a prize for the best picture showing the evil effects of drunkenness. There is more rum swallowed in this country, and of a worse kind., than was ever swallowed since the first distillery began its work of death. Where there was one drunken home there are ten drunken homes. Where there was one drunkard's grave there are twenty drunkards' graves. The Supreme Court of Vermont has declared constitutional the law which provides that a United States license for the sale of liquor is prima fade evidence that *11 1 J? - - - -?-?I^HAI. collpr and me nijiuer IS II I'umiiiv" n^uui may he punished for violation of the State Erohibitory law wiih-rut proof that sale* ave actually been made.