Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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SICKNESS AT CLiWSON Bdmmittee ok state board of if HEALTH INVESTIGATES. altary Prtcautions l&Cortalu Particulars Hffeglected?They li?conimentl Certain llteratkns ana Charges?Thick Vacation Should bp Had In Snmmu ai>t1 Not (Tlnter. The committee of the State Board of aalth made their report to Goi-ernpr lerbe as to thf causes of the sickr.ess Clemson College, which is publishherewith: ? His Excellercv, Governor Ellcrbp. Dear Governor: Your committee u the hono* to report that in obtdi ice to jour Excellency's instructions e viiited Clemson Agricultural Col|e and investigated the csu.se an J Laracter of the prevaiiios: sickness at at point and nothing remains but tr? nder to you officially the results of it examination. Upon our arrival at Clemson on teaday, the 27th of June, we were alted upon by President Craighead id the faculty, who expressed much tification at our arrival and an earnt rift.*! tn <rivR us all Dossible aid in living the serious problem by which iey were confronted and wliich had :cited painful apprehension through it the State. It may not be inele int to refer to the extremely picturque appearance of Clemson College, owning the gracstully uodulaiiD^ lis ana standing: an enduring mouu ntto its founder, with silent and PMiitable eloquence in behalf of gelations to come, who, sheltered in its neficientarms, shall iearn iho lessons 1 stalwart, enlightened citizeuship mo n Men our go vsrameui uu u?<. rviy it peaceful, prosperous and happy u-petuitj. In advance of making one tour of jxltary inspection, we visited the hos-1 tal, in which there were a few pa , snt?, probably a dozen, some conva i ?cin? and others quite ill. We re ettea the absence of Dr. Redfern, mself sick, probably with the pretiling fever, and we found Dr. Harn in cheerful and eflicient discharge the duties of resident physicisu. Tck arara in form or! that, nnnrovi ir>atft 'between seventy and eighty casts 1 gicknesss had occurred among the udents within a few weeks, necessiting the disbanding of th? college, f mac number of fever cases not ore than thirteen were of prolonged iration and that several had died, ae fever was thought to be ' malarial'' it there were two cases in hospital mcerning which there was some rabt but might be typhoid fever. As to the causes of this fever irlous theories were entertained, ne theory was that the students had ithed in the river near where the wera^e emptied. Another theory as that a number of students had orked in the low swamp lands, rich alluvial deposits, and had inhaled e noxious exhalations from stagint water, the outflow of which had recently checked b v a dam. A lird theory was that a large percent re of the students had come from eir homes in malarial sections of the iai?u aiiu iliai lilts lavcui uitttcnai xu iem had developed by a higher latiide, by an excessive amount of work id the evere military discipline of le institution. That these causes had radually devitalized the studsnts, indering tbem easy prey to sickness, he disproof of the first theory v/as lat some of the sick students disaimed ever having been in the river, lie second theory could not hold bekuse the sickness was not entirely mfined to the siudents who had orked in the swamp land, and in rely to the third theory it may be said LAt the sick students represented all ictions of the State. In the >resence of so many con-j [cting opinions entertained by genemen 01 intelligence, discrimination id observation, your committee proleded to make a systematic and vigorous examination of every place and rerything which might possibly sug Mt a clue to the solution of the prob m in question. Your Excellency ill recall the physical appearanca of lemson, its hills and valleys, and 10 reaauve distances ana positions 01 le various buiidiags. Taking the >llege building as a centre, it will be Daervedthat the watershed of the hill pon which it stands causes a part of ie storm to How north to the river, eat to the barracks ana south ami gust through a gradually developed alley, round and about the dairy id into the ravine which is the nstu11 vent of most of the water of aoju)nt hills upon the east, north and juthern kides. On the northern ed .^e f the ravine, in the valley, is lccaled ie dairy, a'buildin? probaoly lifts wt square. The site upon which it -at)/)o un/1 uaam ? 1 1 mam/1 wutnu '?uua uau croc u a dixiaii vjuuu wuiuu ad been filled in with debris of variale character, organic and inorganic, ad had been practically drained. ffeenthe dairy and the abrupt hills rth there is a small space in which wo springs rise. The laig^r spriog as said to become muddy after a rain, pid accordingly it had oeen enclosed '1th brick on three sides. The smali-1 ripring beside the door of the dairy i included in a casing of impervious L 4 1 ? 1 iL 1 IMkOflMl HUVIUI, IV, CJ if ft, III Jen&lll uy ne foot in width. This spriag somemea ia milky and used exclusively in aring the products of the dairy. The ay of our arrival it rained heavily, aid the next morning we traced the torm water from the adjacent hills ver and around the imperfectly couiructed storm dttcb, beside the spring nd upon the limited ai^a occupied by ie dairy. On the surrounding hills ver which the storm water Hows are pen privies to which no special attenon had been given and tue contents f whichmustDe washed by each reiirringrain into the valley and thence ito the ravine. Your committee in continuance of heir duty examined the barracks rhich they found defective in lccaiioa, i construction, iu ventilation and in >* system of sevrerage. Moisture is a Msential element in the process of iganic decomposition in the soil by rhich mysterious and dangerous pro ucts are evolved, heat aud a moderate apply of air being necessary to this focess. In the construction of a wpuing me saniiarian aaopis me 8|| i efficient means for excluding ||1 pnees from the foundation wails S from the basement tloor*, for pio gg ng the soil from impurities and to &| ler It dryer by under ground drainmge and by opening the outflow. To Brevent the pollution of the ground flir is of preuine importance and it i3 Bo be accomplished by removing tho Bource of contamination; by faeilir.at tU the natural process of puriticaUon i by relieving the overtaxed powers . j , ?? 1 f of the soil, by drainage and aeration. I lu the sccond j>lf?cp r.jrntpctive mPa" sures inu?t be rr sorted i-? c addition IhI security. JJo it remembered that cellers as usually constructed do not constitute a harrier to ,!.:e csope ol air froii\ the sub soil, and this is especially so In buildings which ere heated artificially, in which case the?e is superadded a suction force crrofe-i bt? the ascending rarified air. While it is impossible to prevent the aerations of ground air, it can by suitable devices he diverted into olher and less [hurtful channels, and its dangerous i influence tr.inimiz?d. The foundation walls and the basement flooring of 1 lie entire building .should rf^t upon r b(d of impervious material, ard should nave a ventiUt' Ir g chamber under the en ire surface !'?f the cellar floor separatid fr;m i!:e basement by au intervening pavctne t. The chamber should be connected with a chimney flue tocirry otf ?he ground air which risis in autumn, ritilfr and spring. During the summer when tba ground air sinks a current of fresa air hurries downward and riv^s to the hes'ed surface outside of the building. Your committee failed to liud that these ordinary sanitary requirements for protection against ground air and moisture bad been met in the con struction of the dairy and the barracks. In the matter of ventilation, there is no adequate arrangement in the barracks to tret rid of the stagnant air charged with carbonic acid gas vvhich must abound to an injurious extent in such an unscientifically constructed building1 with its hundreds of ! inmates In addition the waterclosets are improperly legated and should not be within the main buildings, for the piping for the disposal of excretion is liable to be deranged by the gradual subsidence of the building, and by i other cause?, which may loosen the I inints ?r.d allow the escane of sewer O ?, - - * . jgas. Assuming tue numoer of inmates of the barracks to be 300, the aggregate amount of said excreta for tweire months would probably be I seven tons and about 12,000 gallons of ! urine. To secure the continous and rapid I removal of this excreta and to prevent pollution cf aio and soil by their temporary detention, is aa interesting problem in sanitary scieaco. To accomplish this purpose the sewers must be perfectly tight throughout, so that | whatever enters may pass to the outIs t without leakage. The movement throughout the sewer must be continuous from head to outlet without haltiog to putrify. Besides the sewer must be perfectly ventilated so that accumulated gasses may not form and force themselves through the traps to the dwellings. Adequate means must be provided for inspecting and flusa ing the sewers The size a^d foi'tn of which rr.ust b-j perfectly adjusted to its flushing appliances, that tfce usual dry weather How may bo made to keep it free from still and oiganic daposits. The following conclusions; have been reached by your committee:, First. Tiiat while it is not improba- J ble that there has been some malarial fever at Clemson, it is unquestionable that the prevailing fever is typhoid. Second. That the open privies have ' been the prime c;uso of infection, and we view with suspicion the products of the dairy, of the manufacture of which spring water at that place is used. There are several recommendations you? committee would respectfully make. Discontinue tho opsn privies absolutely, and by a system of sewers have ail the excreta from the various residences ba conducted to the river. Meantime enforce what is known as lha "dry system'' which consists in the admixture of dried earth or coai ashes with the excrement in sufficient quantities for absorbing and reducing 11 to an inodorous and harmless form. The material must be perfectly dry and applied immediately and in sufficient quantity to cover the excretions and to remove all fluidity of the material. The water closet should b3 detached from the house and thorough ventilation insured,and should be frequently inspected and kept in parfect working order. The dairy should be removed from its present site, and constructed in obsdi^cce to sanitary laws, and perhaps it would be better to discontinue its operations and avoid t'a^ possibility of its posing as a factor in the possession of diseases. Assuminz that the barracks will be continued as a home for the students, the bes>t recommendation we can make is to underdr^in the narrow area b3 between the east side of the building and the nigh embankmant, the latter to be faced with granite. An improved system of ventilation should bi intro dueed such as is us? d in many institutions North?fo- instance at John? Hopkins Univerf-ity?by which perfect ventilation is obtained and regulated i at will. The most modem system of sewerage should be used and to pre vent the possibility of contamination of- the building by noxious gases, the w <AICIuiuacto auuuiu uu u^b^ucu J IULU the buildiug. The distant end of the sewer at the edge of the river should be so arranged as to escape submergence by river water and protect it agaicst whatever might intsrefere with its otlica. We recommend further from the standpiont of sanitation that vacation be given in the summer months, and your committee are impressed with ihe bt-lief that it c*n be done without conllicting with the agricultural features of education at Cletnson, and would subserve the highest interesis of the professors, the students, aad tiie cjlleg*. The recent unfortunate experience of sickness and death at Ciemson has awakened tue spirit of criticism against the institution on the ground of unhealthfulness, which i; may not be wise to ignore. Ia conclusion your committee might have discussed the laws regulating the evolution and ext3a>iiu of typhoid fever and how originating in soil aud j air pollution it gives rise to epidemics. They might also nave cited abuudant parallel cases corroborative of tie position tli? y have taken in ibis repjrt, but they do not think these would lend additional emphasis to the plain fact of the existonca of typhoid fever at (Jlemson and the imperative necessity of preventing Us recurrence. We have the honor to b3 very respectfully, Charles 11. Taber, M D , Jcttnes II. E7aas, M. D., U. A. lvsese, M. 1). latligflsciuiu From which springs, directly or ini j: * ! -- 1_ t u?-v,l j uirc^uijr, ucarij' ovciy iuiiu 'n ucw jache, and sick headachy uevcr scp?ra: ted iherofroin, is surely aad speedily j relieved and cureu by the use of ''Hilton's Life fur the Liver and Kid neys." Oiw 25c boltle will convince of its merit. Trj it. Sold by dealers generally. e. M LAnil.N'S SPEECH. IN WHICH HE GIVES HIS VIEWS ON THE TARIFF. Pay# a Deserved Tribute t > the La e Senator Earle?Saya He Is liuder No Pledge or rreinlne of Any Kind. We present below Senator McLaurin's speech at, Sumter in order that our readers may see exactly bow he stand? on ibe tariff: i Mr. McLiurin Bai'l ho most hcirtily rc Iec!ioc<l the sentiments that had just been expressed l?y Chairman I'urdy and most I heartily hoped for a high, decent and dignij lied campaign. If the campaign should not J lie of t hat character it would not be his fault, and he for one would not be responsible for ] the lowering of the tone of the campaign, j That was not his style. No one, he said, I regretted more than he did the sad death of the late Senntor Eirlc. The death of this distinguished son was indeed sad. He knew that every one present felt keenly the death of Senator Earle, the chivalrous and noble son of South Carolina, whose life was cut short when that life was so full of promise and usefulness for his State. He said that so long as he occupied the scat of Senator Earle he would do his utmost to retlect credit upon his State. Before entering upon his tariff discussion proper, he said, he desired to make one sido remark, and said lie believed one of the greatest works of the Reform movement was j ttie primary it started, i nuer iuc primary, said, there could be no trades and deals. Every Democrat voted ag he pleased and he could not possibly see how there could be any deals or trades. He desired to say in reply to certain charges that he for one was under no pledges or promises of any kind. He was under no promise and he utterly repudiated any deal or trade with anyone, lie was pledged to nothing except what he pledged to the people from the stump. He made no pledges except those he made to the people of his State. And he assured the audienca that ho would re<leein hia every pledge to the people. (Applause.) lie added that he at all times endeavored to and did maintain the honor and integrity of his State and his party, and it would be found that his every speech, his every act and his every vote has been guided by the platform of the party adopted at Chicago, * Wl 1... ?M l.? j MUCH LI C lie LI It 1 1CU tfcO **L?J one who'was not pleased with his record there was considerable applause. Later on, when talking about his record in the six years he has been in Congress, to which he wished to refer, he said some people sat in the Senate for six years without getting over "the Senatorial courtesy." He said that since he has been in the city , he has received two letters and telegrams from mill men asking him to stand by the ! rate he had fixed and to get-back to Washington as soon as possible and have the rate , maintained, as there was an attack being j made on the rate, a3 agreed upon, .lie said , some people attacked his Democracy, but he noticed that all they gave for their salvation for the Democracy was that they be elected to ollice. These people, he said, had about as much Democracy as there was sawdust in a three-year-old doll baby. He said that he could speak for a week on the tariff question and he had all the facts, and added that he was loaded for bear, guttersnipes or everything else. (Applause.) He elaborated considerably on the duty on bagging and said that ho and his friends have accomplished very much for the South. Mr. McLaurin s views of the taritt were fully expressed in his speech. lie said on this line: My friends, in coming before you at this time asking for a continuance of your confidence, it is your privilege to demand and my duty to explain each and every act performed while holding the commission which the pcjple of the Cth district, and you through the'Chief Executive so generously entrusted to my circ. I would add in all sincerity that it affords me 7ery great pleasure to meet my fellow citizens face to face and discuss these matters. Permit me at the outset to say, that to the best of my ability I have sought to maintain the honor and ia| tegriiy of my party, and build up the matc| rial interest of the peopple of South Carolina. 11 wish to emphatically declare that in every , vote, in every speech and in every act I j have been guided by the Democratic platform adopted in Chicago, and to the truth of this assertion I challenge contradiction. To those who have criticised my course in fairness and honesty I extend the hand of fellowship and say, let us reason over these differences and ascertain who is correct. To i those who through jealousy or malice have attacked my record, I hurl defiance and dare them to make good their charges before the fair-minded people of this State, or sulk to their dens of infamy, where plotting and schemcs against honest men are concocted. I have tried to do my duty honestly, fearlessly and conscientiously, and believe the people of South Carolina have recognized that fact. Should the people of this State retain me in the Senate I will continue my efforts with more zeal and with that increased force which experience and extended powers provide, Mr. Chairman, notwithstanding the tarifl has been a live question during the past years of our national existence, it is with us today and is lincly to remain with us for an indefinite period With each recurring delate new conditions appear, -which demand more extensive examination and more careful consideration. These new comic conditions force new political issues, and oi themselves many times bring about honest differences of opinion. Such differences should always be met with a spirit of fairness and toleration. This alone can guide us to caudid and correct conclusions. For example, when the Wilson bill of w.is enacted it contained an income tax, which all true Democrats hoped to see applied with increasing force and effect to the end that our national revenues might be largely secured through that channel. Under its operation it was expected that customs duties would bo lessened and as a natural result there would be less restriction on trade and commerce. It was a long step in the direction of a revenue tariff and a more liberal exchange within foreign nations. The Supreme Court decided it unconstitu tional, and this strong prop was taken from under Democratic expectations. This decision change 1 the entire theory of our system of Federal taxation in so far as it plainly declared that hereafter international revenue and customs duties were the only sources of taxation under the Constitution as it now stands. The hope of less customs duties and still less internal taxation were by this decision d ished to the ground. Now that wealth his becu relieved from payment of its proper share of these burdens of government, the question recurs again, how this vHt sum shall be secured from the people. This action of the Supreme Court went further and created a deficiency in the revenues. President Cleveland under the guise of maintaining gold payments sold millions of bonds to buy gold. This gold he exchanged with the gamblers, of Wall street for greenbacks, these greenbacks ho covered into the treasury, aud used them to pay the ordinary expenses of the Government, and in this indirect I .1 . I manlier mo expeuses 01 mo uavuruimiui j were met. With the presout Administration came a [ determination to repeal the present tarill I law and enact one more protective in in { features, and more certain, it is alleged, to j bring sullicient revenue. Tin question of J how to meet this Republican onslaught has J given rise to much discussion among Heuio- ! crats in Congress and quite a dill'ercncc of I ^ .? ? opinion ou some particular points. Some, like Senators Vest, Jones, Mills and others favored a propaganda of revenue principles l>y showing up the iniquities of the measure, so that in future these discussions might be used as political capital. The same old fight that for one-third of a century has proven so futile and barren of results,-. There were others, myself among the number, who favored a general attack on the sectional features of the bill, followed tip by a vigorous demand for exact .Tt'STICK TO AM< SECTIONS and for all the people. We believed tbat there were fair minded men enough in the West who would combine with us in a common defcncc against the plundering combines in the East, to badly cripple if not destroy that power. In this we were not mistaken, as several votes will show. You will pardon me for saying that I took the lead in this rather new departure, and am fully satisfied that the bill could have been defeated or the East deprived of its advantages, had the Democratic party acted as a unit on this line. I took my stand on the tariff plank of (hp f hipntrn nl.atfnrm. ? ^ i I contended that the middle clause was of equal., if not more importance than the first, and that, its strict enforcement would bring most satisfactory results. Others joined me in this and several speeches were made in its favor. We assumed that without an income tax the entire contention, aside from a desire to make political capital, was one of schedules. There is not a man before me who would listen to the tr.ritf debate one single day and not come to the same conclusion. Let me give you r. few instances among Democrats to sustain this contention. Senator Rawlins demanded a duty on wool and gilsonite for Utah. Senator White asked for a duty on boras and fruit for California. Senator Morgan wanted a duty on iron for Alabama. Senator Pasco wanted higher duties on cigar wrappers for Florida. Senator Bacon wanted a duty on cotton and lumber for Georgia. Senator Tillman and myself wanted what we could get for rice, cotton, lumber, bauxite and monazite for South Carolina. Congressman Love and Williams wanted a duty for long staple cotton for Mississippi and Maddox wanted a duty on pyrites and bauxite for Georgia, while Fowler, of North Caro lina, joined in for it all. Senator Allen, after condemning a duty on lumber, of which his Stale produced none, asked for a duty on chicory, of which his people were large producers. Senator Caffery, of Louisiana, after expending days denouncing a protective tariff, wound up with a demand for a duty on Bugar. 1 might tell you how some would denounce protection on the floor of the House, and then come quietly into our committee room and ask for a duty on some product in their own district. I became disgusted with such double dealing and with Tillman, Bacon, Rawlins and others began the fight on the sectional features of the bill, and demanded equal privileges for the South and her industries. The result of our efforts has been a duty on cotton, equal privileges for Southern pine and Southern railroad ties, higher duties on rice anu u auiy on oeauuie. nv uuvc uuu compelled the Republican managers to recognize the injustice of taxed jute bagging for the planter and none on binding twine for the wheat raiser, and have put this bagging on the free list. Not a single one of us believes in the doctrine of protection, and so decleared repeatedly, but made the fight under that part of the Democratic taritl'plank which declares >hat "duties shall be so adjusted as to operato equally throughout the country, and not discriminate between class and section." In my opinion our course was not only proper, but in strict accord with the good old Democratic doctrine of equality before the law. I declared on the rioor of the Senate that the South asked for no advantage, but demanded simple justice. If protection was bcneficial, as alleged, the South was selfish enough to want her share; if the policy proved disastrous we were patriotic enough to stand our portion, but under all conditions and at all times we demanded equal benefits and equal burdens under all national legislation, we wanted to be recognized as a portion of this great nation, whose rights and opportunities should be considered. In this manner we have kindled a fire under this infernal Eastern advantage that will roast out all those who are now manipulating it. Lei us lame up me question ui cuuuu uui^ and analyze it: If (as some say) it will be no good, I will answer that, it will do no harm, but place the cotton planter and wheat grower on an equality, which of itself is a confession of sectionalism and injustice from tho Republican party. I contend however that it will benefit the cotton planters of the South. It will furnish an extended market for our long staple cotton, keep out a lot of trash coming here from Mexico and relieve the growers of short staple, of that much competition, whioh should be a benefit, and I believe it will. Do you realize the growing extent of cotton imports in this country'.' (Here Mr. McEaurin gave some figures.) Aside from this there will be a fendencj to bring South the New England mills, which are now using this imported cotton, for the purpose of being nearer the supply of long staple. The idea that this duty will not benefit the cotton grower is clearly met by th( fact that the next morning after the cotton f?v ura%i wi^cpiI n onninpn?ntnrv flnt.v WfL? ?.?.? ".. J propose J for the manufacturers of the Kgyptiau cotton. 1 am not discussing this as a Protectionist, but simply as lair play towards tie South and as an evidence of whnl might be done to break up the entire protective system. When protection rcaches all classes and all sections it will die of its own accord. THE KICK SCHEDULES were cut all to pieces by the Senate committee and a most vicious effort was made tc make this industry feel the irou band o! sectionalism. 1 imagined it was pointed directly at South Carolina and promptly took up the fight. 1 gave the matter a thorough investigation and became convinced that the industry was being discriminated againsi and that northern buyers received the benefit. 1 made a speech iu defiance of thericc planters of the South, ho full of facts and statistics that I had soon the attention ofthi Senators. The Republican sterling com' mittee at once took alarm and hastily re ceded from their amendments and restorod the House schedules in order to prevent fur ther damaging discussion. Was I notjusti lied in defending my own State, and a recog nized industry utneng its people from North ern greed and avarice? 1 did it then ami shall repeat such defencc when ever the op port unity arises. 1 believe it was a duty in cumbent on my position and I did not shrinl from it. Then came THK Lll.M IIBit SCI1KIUILE, and here again sectional greed disclosed it self, la the tirst paragraph the Senate com iniltec placed a -<> per cent duty on Northeri ce>I:ir railroad tics and placed all others or the free list. 1 began to investigate thi: discrimination and soon found it created i tie trust for the North and left the .South tc care for itself. Northern cedar and South ern cedar are two different woods. Tin Northert. cedar grows tall und straight with few limbs and ao scent. It is used ex tensively for ties and telegraph poles. Oal for ties has been exhausted in the North and this duty would make; a monopoly o cedar. Canada and Nova Scotia could sent in anything they chose in the line of ties uinOi n.ilr lifMiilnok und SO forth to C01I1 pete with the South, but this duly secum a monopoly for I he only tic timber iu thi North. Wo niiule a contest on this uufai proposition auJ forced the committee t< give tho UO per cent duties to all. Thelum ber schedule was taken up and an eti'or made to place white pine on the free list. I with others, opposed itou tho ground of dis criminating against the pine lorests of thi South. I went to the bottom of this eched ule, and found that the whole i|Uostion in i nut shell was this: Shall the North am l;ast who have been plundering us for the wo last thirty years, be permitted to purchase sta lumber of Canada or compelled to buy from we us? There is no yellow pine up North and the when the duty is taken from white pine that the entire section is flooded from Canada. That pie is the case now under the Wilson bill, North- Wc em pine has been largely consumed and nat Southern pine is rapidly finding its way in me that direction. These Northern mill owners the have bought an immense tract pf pine tioi oiiimnAM in v\rwln nml nnltt u'oifn/1 fnr mil , OlUlliyMgt 1U ..uv. free lumber (o remove their milla there and ^ send their lumber to the Statse. It is esti- she mated that the South has one hundred and ter eighty-three million acres of pine forest 1 which will now be developed. Northern Mc capital will help to develop our lumber soc industry instead of going to Canada for am that purpose. Some have said that it will wo raise the price of lumber. I hope it will bel and to that extent, at least, we may be able not to recover some of the money taken from us I ?- ? 'i- - x'?1\. ?i lv.?* I>y III IS ttUU lVASt. xuia uuijr U|IUU W?? pine lumber is an act of justice towards the Go< ' South anil I am prouil that I was permitted an^ to take so prominent a part in it i TUB PRINCIPLE INVOLVED. Wa I am not defending my action upon the ? grounds of protection, but as securing a per cent, of equalization for the plundering you have suffered. If we are to have free trade let us have it for all sections. If we are to have a tariff for revenue let us have it equal all over the nation. If we are to have pro- H tection make it equal to every induitry throughout the entire length and breadth of ( our country. Let our statute books disclose no sectionalism. Let us have, in fact, as well as name, "equal rights to all, special privileges to none." This, I am taught, is the true Democracy. The North has explored all the possibilities of the West and there are no more openings in that section for their capital. The South, which has lain dormant and neglected under the miserable sectionalism for the past thirty years, now looms up as a land of promise and a location for future possibilities. Every effort is being made by the grasping avarice of New England to continue to force tribute from us and make no return. These keen Yankees see the handwritiug on the wall and _ realize more than they dare admit that under anything like equal chances the South J would forge ahead with great rapidity. The ~ growth in power of New England has been obtained in direct contradiction of the laws 5of God aDd nature. It has virtually grown ea figs from thistles and at a profit. It has ' robbed and plundered its more generous neighbors and its greed and avarice gives *9 signs of no abatement. In that cold, bleak *v region the hum of the cotton spindle should never be heard and the whir of manufactur- j ing should never obtain. Its location, sur- iM roundings and climate are all against it, and of yet the fair skies of the South have been ig- a 1 nored, its mild climate neglected and the ^ kindly courtesy of nature left unused. Must ^ it ever remain thus ? Can we not unite as one man to demand our proper status among 1 the material interests of the nation? Let us ?h .. -a. try it. Let us start tne Dau roiling nere in South Carolina and undertake to do something for the financial prosperity of our State ?.e and people. C01 Fellow citizens, my convictions are the re- ] suit of observation and careful investigation, tet and my conclusions are unalterable with the di* lights that are now before me My position fX' on the ways and means committee of the House enabled me to study this matter from ^ its center to circumference- When I saw the 7" far reaching conspiracy of the North and : Hast to plunder and despoil the South, I : was amazed at its magnitude and the success with which it was applied. But when I discovered that no one from the South was lifting a hand in her defence I was absolutely confounded. Financially speaking, the South was on her knees to the North and East, and submitting without a protest to the most dastardly system of plun dering that Yankee shrewdness could devise, I tried to convince myself that I was wrong, that these conditions were natural and right, but utterly failed in the attempt. The more 1 thought of it, the more firmly I became con- j vinced of the outrage. Day after day, week after week, our committee room and the cor ridors of the Cipitol were crowded with Eas tern and Northern men seeking Government favors for their different industries. Thov we fiiinninflf. hold and threatening. i ***"^ "" """ ~ O' " w> . aud they usually carried their point. Was the South represented? No, indeed, from all appearances, it had neither part nor lot in the proposed legislation. After a time Liy Southern blood began to assert iteelf. I could quietly submit no longer to see my scction and the people I represent plundered without making a protest? I finally con , eluded to make a stand for the material in l terests of the South, to make a fight for the pocketbooks of my constituents. There are two ways of getting equal ! rights, one is to take away from the other . fellow the rights that he ought not to : [ have, the other is to demand the same i rights yourself. Equality before the law. i Mr. Chairman, from that day until the j . present time I hare made the best fight that i I could upon these lines, and so help me : , Qod, if permitted, I shall continue the con L test until the people of the South are privi . leged to stand upon an equality with the peo- i pie of the other sections uuder the laws of : ! this nation. i s The Bpeech I made last March was the first t speech ever made upon that floor denounc- _J i ing the sectional features of our tarill'legisla tion, and demanding equal and exact justice i for the South, That speech has not been 1 T 1:~. ; -jrill ho . ' u.ll??v<rrcu, UUU ? cui\/b wnv ik it lit uv. u. Jg i very soon. . The more I looked into the matter the I more lirmly I became convinced that the mt.terial interests of the South were being m< neglected and that her people were being eq ro tbed without objection. l'hat speech subjected me to severe crit- n| i icisms here in South Carolina. 1 refused to r answer them, but instead gave out an ud drass on "TheSouthand her Opportunities." ; I could hardly believe my own statements i of the vast possibilities it contained. That s speech has gone throughout the length and t breadth of the land and fully established the fact that the South had opportunities that s should be considered. I I followed this with a recent speech in 0< ; the Senate, the first of its kind ever heard in that chamber. In the discussion of this bill in the Senate, the speech of Senator i Bacon was the first real danger signal the Republican party received from the South. LJ Followed up by my speech on the sectional ism of the tarilf bill, it was a home thrust in - a vital spot aud created no little anxiety. 1 The Republican party cared not a snap of its finger for the academic cll'orts of Jones, Vest - aud Mills. Spending hours discussing the i meaning of the word "only." So long as they confined the discussion to the question of free raw material, or the abstract theories n - of'-'revenue" or "revenue only" tariff, tliey - listened indill'crently, and languidly 1 voted down our motions, but when y 1 the unfair and infamous scctionali ism of the measure was disclosed i aud a demand for justice and equality made Ii ) there was a sudden change. The Kepubli can leaders saw the strength of my position, A,] ; aud that should the plan succeed the entire , protective fabric would collapse. If there - are to be equal rights where does protection i come in'.' The success of the system detu'thIm nnon the continual nlunderiui; of the >ji r ? - ~ ? ? fj South, but with the South secure in its rights 11 auil securing its share of the benefits, this , 'plundering would cease, and tlieschcuie fail. j For this reason I demanded a duty on cotton, lion rice, on lumber, bauxite, and denounced _ e j the duty on jute bagging, and introduced an r > amendment cutting down tho duty on wool 1 } and woollens one-third. 1 did this not as a protectionist, since I t do not endorse the doctrine, but to give , these plunderers a dose of their own medicine, - at a time when it would make them sick. I J 8 did it in self-defence and in defence of the South and her people. i| Look at the situation. We of the South j IJ produca 75 por eeat of the eotton of the I rid; wo cculd, under favorable circum* noes produce all the sugar and rice that . need. We can produce the fruits of both . i temperate and tropical zones. We havo .. : best iron mines on the Continent, with nty of coal and limestone near together, i hold the reserve timber lands of the ion. we can produce our own wneat, at and corn. In fact, the prosperity for i i future for this nation lies within our sec- L q. The possibilities that are to come st be sought for south of the Potomac. >Ve are the American end of America, and mid assert our rights and defend our maial interests. [ am a candidate on my record, said Mr. Laurin. I have made enemies, and of ne of them I am proud. I am a Reformer i believe in Reform principles. We have Q n the victory, but after it is won I do not ieve in drawing the factional lines. 1 do . believe in punishing my fellow Democrats, fought for principles. I have never nged or fawned to any man so help me d, and it is a price I would never pay for 11 1 office. (Applause.) lii \.s Mr. McLaurin went to his seat there s much applause. Yoke'Fellows. T1 Many women work too W1 V hard. There is no ques- es ( \ N tion about that. If they ^ did not have Love for a \ //IT yoke" fe^ow ^ey could \llfc never endure th? daily, hourly griud and drudgery 1#^, of Hie. But th?y bear K 4?^ cheerfully, sustained by ^ loving thoujhtB of kusband and children. lut when physical weakness or diseaae i? -p ded to a woman's burden it beeodes alfetber too heavy- No woman can be eerftil or hopeful who is dragged down continual pain and physical wretchBCM. rhe special weaknesses peculiar to the ninine organism are comparatively eaey " overcome if me earlier symptoms are * ren proper attention. But if allowed to ?< uhshacked tfaejr are liable to develop ? :o Mttwi, cfaroni* oomplications. Uf wmho afflicted w4th these delicate nt?te ??ht to have the immediate aid I ? wr. H*ree'a F?vorite Prescription. It is Kffwrt aad uaAtling specific tor all disles of the feminine orgeat. It wtes deled tor tnia one purpose, and aocomphes this purpose as ao other medicine s ever done. E*or nearly 30 years Dr. Pierce has been Uf aonsulting physician of the Invalids' )tel and Sufgrcal Institute, at Buffalo^ Y., where in conjunction with his staff associate specialists, he hea suecessiuny ated many thousand asee of "female til mplaint." Std physician Hvinp ha6 had a more ex- In idea opportunity to study this class of leasee in actual practice. No medicine ? tr imvented has done for women what his jjj ^avorhe Prescription" has. Or. Pieroe's Pellets cure constipation. TT. tfl To ihe Public. WE WILL OFFER FOR i I j * sale until August 1st, . . : j aa we will have to know : i : ?| within the time above : ; : ? : stated in order to arrange our : j j * business for another year, : : : 9t i whether or not we will be able j : : i to dispose of this valuable real i i ? : estate. Having deemed to go : : : u< more extensively into the mer- : : i w ; cantile and rice mill business, : and to reduce our farming in- : : i : terest, we have decided to place i : : tf: ! upon the market one of the fin- i : : , : : est plantations for general pur- : : i : poses in Orangeburg County. : i This property is situated in i : : Pine Grove Township, one mile : : : : from the town of Lone Star, a sta- : : : tion on the Manchester and Au- : i ~ : gusta R. it., and containing : : j : twenty-five hundred (2500) : : : j i i aores, more or less, with a good : : : *j part of same under a high state j : : ^ : i of cultivation. On the place is a : : I ? : good saw mill, gristmill, gin and i : : | : : ootton press, a fine pasture, 8 or : : : | : 10 good tenant houses, and ev- : : : g : i ery other convenience a good : : : | : : farmer would want. We ofter [ : : | : : also for sale two lots and the : [ j | ' * K/vo* Kftiiua in SfjiP. * * I I : : This is undoubtedly a fine open- : : : |J : i ing for anyone wishing to mer- | j | 9 : : ohandiae and farm in connection : : : j| : : with each other. All of which j j j a : : we offer you very cheap and on j j 3 : : easy terms. Of course we won't j j j a : : be able to turn over to the pur- j j j H : : chaser the farm before first of j j j J : : Jan., 1898. The store we can i : : I j j turn over for the fall business. : : : For further particulars address j j j ! j j TAYLOR & BULL, Lyons, S.C. : I j >ril 21-3mos the mm the most complet3 sy^te.n ot elevating ndllnR, cleaning and packing cotton- 1 lproves staple, saves iaDor, mases you mey. Write for catalogues, no other | uals it. i I handle the moat Improved 3TTON GINS, PRESSES, ELEVATORS, ENGINES ? AND BOILERS to De found on the mar feet. f Sergeant Log Beam Saw Mill Is, In 0 simplicity and efficiency, a wonder. 3KN MILLS, PLANERS, GANG EDG3SS, 0 and all wood working machinery. DDELL AND TALBOTT ENGINES la tl are the best. Write to me before buying. lo Y. CJ. Badham, ? N General Agent, COLUMBIA, c. u ;kk " 1 IEEE. s SYJUlis If ? 01 re your iu i o sikia If oo, Hilton's Life for the Ltvtr ami Kldneya will keep them so. If 0' not, Hilton's Life for the Liver *nd Kidneys vill make 0 ibero to. A '23c bottle y' * 11! 0 yoaoft.u* <> fact 0 iken reijularly after ratals II Is sr. Ritl i? , diction, cures habitual cons' i.it;, () and thus refresh^ and a. , 0 both body and mlud. 0 SOLD WHOLifSAI. J? BK ^ 'he Murray Dfu^ Co ?? CC LDaUL'li, a. U o AUD 0 Dr. H. BAKU, Cfcarl^jion, S. C. l0; * Hill iRE YOU THINKING >F BUYING A PIANO ? If bo, I am prepared to furnish superior inos and for less money than you will cely get elsewhere. YOU CAN HAVE CHOICE the following makes: Chickering & Sons, ihmer (not Sommer), Mehlin, Fisoher, aith & Barnes and Mathashek & Sons. ay of the above are thoroughly reliable id will last a lifetime. N ONLY ONE PROFIT. % \ I represent the builders, henoe sell at very ^ asonable prices. Correspondence solicit* [; catalogues furnished on application. lose who do not know of my responsibility ill pleaae refer to any bank in Columbia, pecially the Loan & Exchange Bank. Address, M. A. MALONE, COLUMBIA, S. C., "IANOS AND ORGANS Advice to Mothers. We take pleasure In rolling your attea )n to a remedy so long needed In carry g children safely through the critical age of teething. It is an incalculable easing to mother and child. If you are isturbed at night with a sick, fretful, ethlng child, use Pitts' Carminative, it ill give instant relief, and regulate the iwels, and make teething safe and easy. \ will cnre Dvsenterv and Diarrhoea. itts Carminative is an Instant -cllef for ilie of Infants. It will proit(Ai digestion, / ve tone and energy to the stomach and )vels. The sick, puny, suffering child \ ill soon become the fat and frolicking joy : the household. It Is very pleasant to \ in taste and only cost 25 cents per bottle ^ jld by druggists and ty THK MUFEAY DRUG CO.? ' OW-.iTTibi*, R O IATHDSHEK The Piano for a Lifetime, The Piano of the South, The Piano Sold Host Seasonably. The old,original Mathashek, sold by us for over a quarter of a century and th? delight of thousands ofSonthsrn homes. More Mathusheks used South than ot any other one make. Lovely New Styles at Rsducsd Prices, cheaper than ever before known. Styles once $435, now $325. $100 saved every buyer: How, because we are now Interested In the great Mathushek factory, supply purchasers direct, and save them ali In* termediate profits. White vs. L.UDDEN A. BATES, I Savannah, Gr., and New York OMjr. I iBjwwwwwwppwmmwwp ~ m MISLEADING. o o Dasgkb, ln Cubing Onb Habit, or Fobk? ISO ABOTHIB. i PIUM (Morphine, Laudanum) Etc., Oubid iji raom Foub to Six Weeks. LIQUOR DISEASE iired Usually in Four Weeks. Alio Tobacoo Habit and Nervous Diseases The Cure has been endorsed by the Legia ture of six States and one Territory; by ie National Government in the Soldiers' omes and in the regular army; by many cal authorities ia the cure of indigent runkards (morphine and liquor); by Miss allard, the W. C. T. U.; Francis Murphy, eal Dow and the I. 0. G. T.; by prominent en all over the land; by 300,000 cured paenta, more than 20,000 of these being phyoiana. The Leslie E. Keeley Company and the eeley Institute of S. C. are responsible corjrations which could not afford to put forth ly claim that they are unable to prove. For printed matter aul t-jrui*. aldresa, THE 1LEELEV INSTITUTE, Drawer 27. Columbia, 8. C. Mention this paper. o OO q KEELEV QuKE. [J ALCOHOL,0 0 Ol'IL'.M, 0 l'roducc each a disease hav- 0 TOBACCO 0 ing definite pathology. The 0 USING. l' disease yields easily to the 0 o o c: oc" Double Chloride of Gold 0 Treatment as administered at the KEE- 0 A LV Institute, Columbia, S. C. The treat-0 4 ment at the Institute is pleasant. Pa- 0 1 1* ?1 ' **A< "" rt"' iinKiiDQAnoKlo 11 11CL113 Ml C UUl ouwjtuu iu umvftouuauiv iv v* straint. It is like taking a vacation for 0 four weeks. They only know that they 0 are cured. Detailed information of this 0 treatment, proofs of its success, and Keo- 0 ly Catechism mailed on application to 0 Drawer, 27, Columbia, S. C. 0 oooooooooOoccccooco^