The Abbeville press and banner. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, January 27, 1897, Image 10
& GOOD DOCUMENT. ~ 1
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[CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE. |
free the law from criticism on that
score. My experience in the Comptrol- !
ler General's office satisfies me that
[ the business can be conducted in such
(a way as to prevent stealing or detect 1
and punish it if the dispensers or other (
officers connected with the dispensary !
attempt it. There is no reason why '
such checks and safeguards cannot be
devised as will protect the State's in- ]
terest as thoroughly as in the collec
tion and disbursement of taxes and
other public money. The dispensary
has become apart'of the fixed policy j
of the State, and as long as our present
Constitution remains intact it is
the duty of the Governor to see that
A ? onH ^
laws governing it arr tujuiv-cw,
it is the duty of all law abiding citizens
to labor for the same end, or at least
to submit to the provisions of the law. 1
I believe the dispensary comes nearer
to the solution of the liquor problem
than any other scheme yet proposed
by man. It may be necessary to modify
the law, but constant changes are
to be deplored. The dispensers should !
be honest men, selected without regard
to party affiliations, and when 1
convicted of crime, should be handled
like other criminals. The chief dis- 1
penser, the board of control and all !
the higher officials should be men 1
whose honesty cannot be. reasonably !
questioned and who should hold their j
places on account of fitness and not 5
for political reasons. An institution '
is known by its fruits, and it is simply *
a question whether prohibition or the 1
Hionaneoi-v mrntpm will do mOSt to di
? j ~j
minish drunkenness and its accom- ;
panying ills. Upon moral grounds
and only upon moral grounds the dispensary
must stand or fail. The profit
. feature is of secondary consideration.
EDUCATION?THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
That it is the duty of the State to
provide for the education of her children
is now almost universally conceded.
He belongs to the past, and
not to the present, who hopes to cneck
the growing demand for popular education.
The enemies of the public
school will find the entire drift of !
modern civilization against them. All 1
the leading nations of the earth have '
founded and are still endeavoring to 1
perfect systems of popular education. ]
Witness Germany with 19 per cent.
and France and England each with 1
16} per cent of their population in the
schools. To be relegated to the rear
is the fate of every State that fails to
provide for the training of her children.
Witness Spain, once the leading
Power of Europe, with only 10 per
cent; Italy, once the home of art and
science and culture, with9 per cent;
Turkey, at once the shame and disgrace
of Europe, with 2? per cent;
Mexico, with 4i, and Brazil, with
only 3 per cent of her population at
school.
The whole history of modern civili'
zation teaches that in the struggle for
supremacy the sceptre of dominion
passes not to the State most richly
blessed by nature, but to the State
that best succeeds in training its citizens
for all the duties of life, both
public and private, in peace and in '
war. In comparison with cold and 1
ble-k, New England the South is a ]
A ?TAf kn /tanfooc. J
iwawioo, HUU JfOli lb 11' UOb wv VW?**www ,
ed bj all fair minded men that long
before the desolating cyclone of war !
had swept over our fair fields power
and dominion were already rapidly ]
passing to the North. We were al- *
ready approaching a condition of in- J
tellectuai bondage in the South. It '
has been estimated by eminent authority
this section paid annually to the J
. North, for many years before the war, !
not less than five million dollars for j
books and education. When New 1
England established her free public !
schools and strengthened her system ]
of popular instruction she armed her- }
eli with the power to wrest suprema
ey from the South, which was content
with private and parochial schools, and (
to make good her claim to leadership ]
far more effectual lv than she subse-1]
quently secured in the surrender of
Lee at Appomattox.
Thin is aaid in no harsh criticism of
the generation of men now rapidly |
passsing from the stage, whose cour- k
age and fortitude were tested in a hundred
hard fought fields, whose "energy
made bricks without straw, and
spread splendor amid the ruins of
their war wasted homes," but for the
purpose of emphasizing a truth which
cannot be too deeply impressed upon
the minds of the men into whose
hands is committed the solemn responsibility
of moulding the destiny of tbe
State and of making her future not
unworthy of her proud, inspiring 1
past Tosee our own shortcomings !
and to rise with firm will to correct
past mistakes is the part of wisdom. 1
Vain conceit in a State is no more to j
be admired than in an individual. :
? Our schools are not what they ought 1
to be. In the opportunities they offer :
I youth for education the Northern ^
Western States haye left us far 1
id, and this for reasons beyond ;
ontrol. The war left us con
ed by the most serious education- I
Dblem ever thrust upon a free
e?the problem, it has been well 1
>f educating three times the num- 1
>f children with one-third the !
>y. The war not only robbed us
)re than 50 per cent of our taxa- '
roperty, but it added, at a single !
e, to our school population huni
of thousands of illiterate ex- 1
s. In spite of desperate odds we
been moving forward, but the
) is not yet won. South Carolina
ot yet regained her once proud 1
ion in this great Republic. She
lever regain it until her people
I above all partisan hatred, unite
e heroic effort to make our sys- 1
>f public instruction inferior to
s thus, and thus only, that we
triumph in the end. We should <
op our mines, build factories and
3ve the fertility of our soil, but
ighest, our most sacred duty, i
and evermore, must be to itn- <
i the quality of our citizenship, :
velop the minds and hearts of the
I generation, for upon their inence,
virtue and patriotism the
ly of our State depends. (
a monarchy in an aristocracy, a :
peat and good men may govern <
tate wisely and well, but, in a i
rnment of the people, for the '
ie and by the people, illiteracy is i
me and a disgrace, and a conmenace
to the safety of the State.
x>d citizens should unite in the ef- i
o improve our public schools, to :
hen the school term especially in
juntry, to encourage the founda <
)i public libraries, to inaugurat- !
tem of university extension that <
carry science and culture to earinds
grasping after better things,
to increase the number and efficiency
?f thefarmers1 institutes now conducted
by the authorities of Clemson College.
In this great work of educating the
masses I pledge my unwavering support
and sympathy.
To our higher institutions of learning
the public schools must look for
efficient, well trained teachers. Destroy
or cripple our colleges and you
destroy or cripple all hope of better
public schools. As a stream cannot
rise higher than the fountain head, so
will teaching in the public schools remain
low and unsatisfactory until
those who are to engage in this work
seek the better to equip themselves in
the higher seminaries of learning.
" - * - * " __1 1
Nor is this all. xne primary scnoui,
it is said, has a right to live because it
Qts people for the duties of citizenship.
But for what duties? To read, to
write, to cipher? Does this fit for the
duties of citizenship? For the lowest,
perhaps, but what of the highest? Do
oot the highest duties require the amplest
scholarship, the highest and
noblest training that can be given?
Can the free school fit for the highest
duties of statesmanship? Assuredly
not. For the solution of great and
aftentimes perplexing problems, involving
peace and prosperity of all
the people, the State stands in constant
need of men of the highest scholarship,
of theprofoundest knoweledge
>f law men whose mental grasp is
large enough to sweep the whole horizon,
men able to rise above local or
jven State interests, and to act for the
jommon good of the people of all the
States.
It is the chief pride and glory of
jur State to claim for her sons men
svhose names 8>re forever inscribed in
;he history of this nation.
Such were_ Legare and Sims and
rimrod and Hayne ana i'resion ana
SlcDuffiie, and the great Calhoun.
From her hills and valleys may there
still go forth men who shall not only
aless their State and nation, but humanity
itself. Again does the common
school train men for the professions
of law or medicine? Does it
;quip for scientific pursuits? Does it
>end out expert chemists and geologists
and engineers and scientific agrijulturists?
It can never train men
for the manifold pursuits and
professions open to the ambitious
youth of the State. For these we must
furnish needed training in seminaries
)f learning, or look to other States to
io for us what we should do ourselves
jnd spend money abroad for what the
State could supply. Against such a
fate State pride and patriotism alike
rebel. Such a disaster would ian witn
crushing weight upon the sons and
daughters of the poor, who would be
unable to meet the expenses of an education
at the North. But we are told
that higher education in South Carolina
costs too much. Does it not cost
[ess than anywhere else in the world?
Harvard, with her three thousand
students, has an annual income of
more than a million?a cost of $400
per student, and this, too, witn no
account taken of the millions already
invested in buildings and books and
scientific equipment. And yet who
will say that the vast sums invested in
this great university fail to bring in
adequate returns? Does Virginia complain
of the $100,000 annually spent
for the five hundred young men at
tier University? Have not Michigan
md Wisconsin and Minnesota and
Nebraska and California been amply
repaid for the millions in recent years
ievoted to higher education? A tax
-?f fclftft nnn fr>r higher education in
South Carolina means but little more
than 50 cents for every thousand dollars
of taxable property. Such a tar,
3ven were there no adequate returns,
is no burden to anyone. But it does
aring adequate returns in manhood
und womanhood. It does. I believe
in the long run, pay for the investment
in actual dollars and cehts.
rhere can be, there must be, no conflict
between the Church and the State
colleges. There should be generous
rivalry,but open or covert antagonism
is disastrous to the interests of both.
Colleges founded by the churches
?nH hv nrivfltfi haneficence have D0r
formed and are still performing a
^reat and patriotic service, but no
State should surrender to private
philanthropy or denominational zeal
its sacred, inalienable right and soljmn
duty of placing within reach of
ill her children the bread of knowljdge.
Zeal in educational work is
jontagious. The Church school flourishes
best in those States where public
spirit rallies to the support of the State
jolleges, or to speak more philosophically,
wherever the Church is healthiest
there are public institutions for
the good of man find their warmest
mpport.
Genuine Christianity enkindles intellectual
life, arouses man from lethargy
and creates within him publio
spirit and patriotism and an unfailing
interest in the welfare of others. In
Mexico, in Brazil, in Spain, wherever,
in short, Christianity has become
stagnant, tnere all puDJic enterprises
languish. Destroy or cripple our denominational
colleges and you take
frim our civilization its strong, uplifting
force, but destroy or criDple
our State institutions and you tane
the road which has carried Spain,
once the leading Power, and naturally,
the richest country of Europe, to
the rear in the triumphal march of
civilization. There should, of course,
be no waste in our educational resources.
CONCLUSION.
Fellow Citizens: The political campaign
of 189G is over. \ou have honored
me as few men in South Carolina
have ever been honored, and far more
richly than I deserve. 5Tou gave me
?I say it in no spirit of vain glory or
of boasting, but in profound appreciation
of the honor bestowed?you gave
me in the Democratic primary the
largest majority ever given a candidate
for governor. Both factions of
the Democratic party, as the vote cast
indicates, gave me warm and enthusiastic
support, such as necessarily
could not have been given to any
factional candidate.
My constant anxiety shall be not to
prove uuworthy of your confidence.
I am your Governor?the Governor
of the whole people. Our interests are
mutual. It will be base and treacherous
and ungrateful on my part, and
unwise and unpatriotic on your part,
longer to fan the fires of partisan hatred.
On questions of public policy
we cannot all agree, but when issues
are settled at the ballot box we can
and ought to submit to the will of the
majority honestly expressed.
I beseech you to resolve, on this occasion,
to bury all factional feelings
and to join hands and hearts in your
efforts to develop the resources cf our
beloved State, to build up her institutions,
to promote her every interest.
In assuming my official duties I pledge
you my best services. With all my
strength of head and heart I shall labor
for the common weal, and, in my
i official capacity,shall treat both friend
and foe with equal consideration. I
rid myself of all sectional and partisan
feelings and hail you all as Carolinians.
Hove mv native State. I
love her people. I am proud of her
grand and inspiring history, of the
names of her illustrious sons, of the
, thousands of her honored dead who
i sleep upon every great battlefield of
their country. I rejoice in the hope
our future inspires, in the patriotism
of our young manhood and in the
self-sacrificing devotion of our young
womonhood.
The inaugural address was greeted
with loud applause, especially as Governor
Ellerbe emphasized the declaration
that he knew no party and no
faction.
THE LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR.
At the conclusion of Governor Ellerbe's
address Speaker Gary announced
that Lieutenant-elect McSweeney
was present and ready to be sworn
into office, and the oath was duly ad?
?.1 i._ us? i? T,
niimsiertu iu uilq uy uuici u uavi^o
Mclver. Lieutenant Governor McSweeney
deviated from the custom
and delivered a most happy speech, in
which he said: It is not my intention
on this occasion to make you any address,
but I want to take this occasion
and opportunity to most sincerely
thank you and the good people of the
State, of which I am so proud, for the
confidence expressed in me.
i What brief remarks I will have to
make will be delivered in the Senate.
I only want to say that it will be my
pleasure and duty to work with the
Governor in the promises he has made
you, which I know he will carry out,
so that when his Administration is
closed he will receive the deserved
plaudits. I pledge myself to second
your Governor in his every effort, to
do the best that can be done for the
people of the State in givin? them a
wise and just Administration, and I
trust when his term of office comes to
a close the people will say, "Thou
hast been a good and faithful servant:"
* ' ? i i .11
Tins nappy little speecn was mnuiy
received.
Thus ended the inaugural ceremoi
nies, and the procession returned.
Governor Ellerbe going out on the
arm of former Governor Evans.
Bloodthirsty Brutes.
, Cincinnati, Jan. 21.?A special to
the Commercial-Tribune from Tampa,
i Fla., says. Emanuel Silvero, a
wounded Cuban, arrived here to-night
from Key West, having escaped from
i Cuba on a fishing vessel. He comes
from the field near Artemifa. He
confirms the story of January 9th,
when a Spanish band came upon a
Cuban hospital near San Cristobal,
containing 500 wounded insurgents,
and put to death all of them, even the
attending physicians. Col. San Martin's
troops are raiding all that section,
very seldom going into the hills
near Rivera's camps. One of his
bands was ambuscaded two weeks ago
and out of forty five men in it only
three escaped. They are bloodthirsty
o?./1 oiu ttti Vi mnm mnrHprc
auu QLU VlbUlbVU II A MA U4V&V wwamwau
of women and pacificos than any other
band' They 'aided a small town
twenty miles from Palacios, New
Year's Day, and abducted all the women
in the place, some fifty in |number.
Only ten of them nave ever
been heard from and they were recaptured
by a Cuban band, January,
10. !
Terrible Slaughter.
Thomson, Ga., January 19.?Mr.
Churchill, of Warren county, formerly
of Missouri, arrived in Thomson
yesterday evening with a car load
of stock from his stock farm in the
west. He started for his home at
Woods, Ga., with his stock last night
and just as he got out of town the
road he was traveling, running paral
lei wun ine u^orgia ranruuu iruc*,
and started up it, about this time a
down freight train was approaching
and ran into the stock in a cut, killing,
fourteen mules and horses, all but
six that he brought. They were lying
on either Bide of the track for about
one hundred yards. The stock were
appraised at eleven hundred dollars
today.
TKvaa a* a. flhnf.
Bellaire, O., Jan. 16.?A triple
murder occurred late last night at
Flat Rock, W. Va., a few miles South
of here. Jesse Russell, Elmer Moore
and John Greer went to the honse of
Lem Grim, where a dance was in
progress, and attempted to interrupt
the festivities. Grim ordered them
away and a fight ensued. Going into
the house, Grim secured a shotgun
^ -LA/J UA ?VtAVt T) 11 pfinl 1 TT7QCJ
ttliU iircu at bllD UXVU, n?o
shot ia the breast and the other two
men in the back as they started to
run away. All three died in a short
time. Grim gave himself up.
A Convenient Invention.
An Orangeburg farmer comes to the
front with a new invention in the
shape of a Lubricator for oiling vehicle
wheels without taking them off
the axle. It is inserted in the hub
between two of the spokes. When
you want to grease your wheel all you
have to do is to withdraw a plunger,
which operates with a spring, and put
as much oil as is needed on the axle.
Upon beins; released the spring closes
up the oil hole until it is opened for
oiling up again. It is a very ingenious
and clever device, and is bound to
be used generally. With these lubricators
a vehicle can be oiled up anywhere
along the road in less than one
1 minute. The patent for this valuable
' invention is owned by the National
Lubricator Company of Orangeburg,
S. C. Mr. Jas. L. Sims, Editor and
i Proprietor of the Orangeburg Times
and'Democrat, is the manager of the
company, which is a guarantee that it
is all right. The company wants an
agent in this county to sell the Lubricators.
See advertisement in another
column.
Planoa by the Mile.
See Ludden and Bates' new advertisment
of one thousand Mathushek
pianos. Suppose them all loaded on
to wagons in one grand procession,
allow 15 feet for each wagon ana
team and the line would be nearly
three miles long. That is just the
wholesale way this great southern
house does business. Having acquired
an interest in the noted Mathushek
Piano factory, they are now supplying
purchasers direct and saving all
intermediate profits. This means a
saving of from $50 to $100 on each
piano, and the securing of one of the
oldest and most reliable instruments at
a remarkably low figure. Better write
them at Savannah, Ga., or at 93 Fifth
, (Ave., New York City.
PLANTERS, ATTENTION!
Valuable Information for All Classes ol
South Carolina Farmers and Stock
Raisers.
Knowing that the time has now com*
for you to purchase your fertilizers,
we put ourselves to the expense of paying
for the publishing of the follow
ing information for your use. W(
have done this for years past, and no*
there are hundreds of planters all ovei
the State that can testify, not only
how much money we have saved then
but as to the good crop results thej
have gotten. We do not sell acic
phosphate or kainit, but we do sel]
Cotton Seed Meal and Hulls. As w<
pay the expense of this advertisement
all we ask of you in return is to asil
your dealer for the Southern Cottor
Oil Co's. Meal, for either feed or ferti
lizer, and for our hulls for cattle feed,
HOW TO FERTILIZE.
This is what many of our persona!
friends have tried, and is the language
and advice of the Agricultural Depart
ment of Georgia:
1st. Beyond v. certain amount it die
not pay to manure?that is, while th<
crop might be increased in gross, aftei
a certain outlay had been made iz
manures, further increase diminished
the relative profits.
2nd. That this holds good, as well,
for nitrogenous manures, phosphatej
and nntAuh?nn matter in what forir
administered.
I 3d. That all things considered, the
cheapest and most profitable fertilize]
the farmer could use, by actual test
consists of the following formula:
Acid phosphate . 1,250 lbs
Cotton seed meal ...... 500 lbs
Kainit. 250 lbs
4th. That the point of greatest profi'
is passed after applying more than 40(
pounds per acre. This formula woulc
analyze.
Available phosphates..9.00 to 9.50 pei
cent.
Ammonia............. 2.25 to 2.50 pei
cent.
Potash 1.25 to 1.50 pe:
cent.
We cannol calculate the actual cosi
of this fertili iar, for prices vary frorr
time to time and the rate of fraigh
varies, but suppose CDtton seed mea
costs you $23.00 per ton, acid phos
phate $12.00 per ton and kainit $14.0(
per ton, all freight paid to your sta
tion, we have:
500 lbs. cotton seed meal at $23.00
per ton........$5.71
1250 lbs. acid phosphate at $12.00
per ton 7.5!
200 lbs. kanit at $14.00 per ton. 1.71
2000 lbs. one ton; total cost.....fio.ui
Thus you see that you could put 40i
pounds per acre at a cost of $3 00 pe:
acre, or 200 pounds per acre at a cos
of $1.50 per acre.
Now the planter has gotten this jeai
an average price of 15 cents per bushe
for cotton seed. He usually puts 2(
bushels of seed per acre, which at II
cents per bushel makes a cost to hiu
of $3.00 per acre to fertilize. In addi
tion to this, he buys acid and kainit t<
put with the seed. It is for you to sa]
whether you would rather have 2(
bushels of cotton seed per acre or 401
pounds of the above fertilizer whicl
every 20 bushels of seed you have soli
this year will enable you to buy.
FATTENING CATTLE.
On this subject we do with you as ir
our article on fertilizers, namely?pub
lish the advice of distinguished parties
people supported by the planters of th<
various States for the purpose of find
ing out what is to your interest. W<
can tell you, that only five years age
every pound of hulls were burned b]
the oil mills in this State as we did
not then appreciate their value ai
food. Now over 20,000 tons of hulli
are sold in this State alone for feed.
"For fattening cattle for the bee!
market put from four to five pound
of meal with twenty pounds of hulls
Below we quote the advice of State
authorities.
Sir John Lawes says (see State Nev
Jersey Agricultural Report, 1885):
"Surprise is often expressed at th<
much higher prices which English
farmers pay for linseed and cotton
cake or meal ais compared with corn,
but the reason is to be found ir
the much higher manure value of th<
meal. 1 have often wonaerea at xjn
high prices which the United State;
farmer appears willing to pay for niiro
gen in artifical manures, when h<
might obtain thes manures at a much
lower cost by simply feeding cottor
seed cake or meal. The nitrogen con
tained in these goods, with the excep
tion of the small amount retained by
the animal, passes into the excrement*
in the fo/ra of organic compounds oi
nitrogen. These compounds nitrify
in the soil with very different degree;
of rapiditv. A certain portion oi
those found in the urine nitrify verj
readily while some of those in thf
solid excrements may remain for sev
eral years in the soil. Experience
has; shown that when these foods art
used upon a poor soil for the first time
their effect is not at first what it be
comes later on when they have beer
i in use for a few years. This is due tc
the slow decay of some of the com
pounds. A crop grown by the eighth
application of meal may in part be
grown by small portions of the mea
used in each of the previous seven ap
plications. The ultimate decay of or
ganic substances in the soil must de
| oend therefore, upon a great variety
of circumstances, and our own experi
I ments at Rothmasted supply numer
ous instances of the very long period
which may elapse before some man
I ures cease to produce an effect upor
the crop to wh:ich they have been ap
plied."
FATTENING THE STOCK.
How It Increases the Income of Loulslam
Farmers.
The following address was delivered
by Prof. D. N. Barron, before the
Louisiana Statu Agricultural societj
at Lafayette, La., Jan. 23, 1896:
Mr. President, Ladies and Gentle
men?The subjact of "The Fattening
of Ste>ck as an Adjunct to the Income
of Louisiana Farmers'- is one in which
I take great interest. II, has grown tc
b9 quite the custom for oil mills and
wealthy individuals to purchase each
fall a number of cattle and fatten then
for the market But this is only done
by wealthy parties, and the idea seems
somewhat to prevail that it is onlj
profitable when done on a large scale
My observations are, that not only i?
this supposition erroneous, but, on the
Contrary, the oil mill or individual
who fattens on a large scale is able tc
reap a much smaller profit than he
who feeds a fe:w head on his farm
The reason for this fact, I trust, wil.
be apparent before [have finished thi:
paper. Last August it was my privi
lege to read a paper before the North i
Louisiana Agricultural association, at
r its annual campmeeting fair, cn "The
Possibilities of Louisiana as a Stock
Raiser," and although fairly familiar
with her resources, I was astonished at
the overwhelming evidence of the ca>
pabilities of our beloved State to produce
food for its stock. If we can
milv convince ourselves of the fact
' that there is not a square foot of soil
9 in this State that is not able to contri[
bute largely to the feediDg of stock,
[ the day will not be far distant when
the immense stock-raising of the west
' will be things of the past and Louisiana,
instead of Texas?New Orleans
instead of Chicago?will be the great1
est raiders and packers of meat in the
5 world. But my mission here today is
not to convince you that our lancl is
1 adapted to the raisin? of stock, but to
1 show how the fattening of cattle can
' be made to contribute to the farmer's
income.
. Looking around at our brethren in
1 other sections we find that the custom
5 of fattening a few head of cattle each
' fall i;3 no new thing, either to our
cousins of the west ana New England,
1 or the agriculturists of Europe. The
i English farmer strives to raise all the
r rough feed he can, In the fall he
1 buys a lot of American cattle, buys
1 our oil cake and, taking<all home, settles
down to put flesh on American
i cattle with American cake and En3
glish roughness. When his sale is
1 made, after footing accounts, he frequently
finds that the additional flesh
> has only paid him the cost of his catr
tie and their feed, yet he is well satis^^
A /?/>v?pi/^nra fV?of Ko VlQQ TVIQHA
' UCU, 1U1 ucuuuaxuoio bUHH AJW uuw
ample profit in the increased size and
value of his manure heap.
I know no better way of illustrating
the profits to be derived from fattent
ing cattle than to call your attention
] to the results obtained in the State ex'
periment station at Baton Rouge during
the last two years. In order to
r test this very question the station has
for the last two years fed small herds
r of cattle on a ration of cotton seed
meal, cotton seed hulls and centrifur
gal molasses. The animals selected
for the test were chosen for their unt
fitness for fattening. They were scrubs
1 whose day of usefulness as work oxen
t had long since departed, it being arI
gued that if anything could be done
' with thiB class of animals, then there
) wa3 no doubt of a profit to the man
who would select his animals. Without
going into details, here is the financial
statement.
K
for iay4.
5 To purchase of six animals
5 (4,642 pounds) at 1J
cents $81 23
, To 11,821.5 pounds food,
2 at 43 cents percwt..... 53 05
J Total cost of animals at
time of sale.... $134 28
By 3ale of six animals
T (5,685 pounds) at 4 cts. $167 55
\ Profits 32 27
. Or 21 per cent, on the money invested
in six week. These results were
1 obtained with meal at $20, and hulls
at $5 per ton, and molasses at 12 cents
5 a gallon.
^ The next year's results were even
!. more favorable:
To purchase of five ani|
ma,Is (3,320 pounds) at
1 H cents.$58 10
Co3t of feeding same for
six weeks 28 72
x
. Tola! cos t of animals at
? ? - ao/> on
, fou 04
j By sale of 4,402 pounds
of beef at 3.15 cents... $138 75
3 Profits $51 93
> Or 50 per cent. The excess in this inj
stance is due to several causes. First
t of these is that the meal used cost only
s $14.00 a ton, and the animals sold for
3 .15 of a cent higher. The second reason
is that the animals were of a
f somewhat better class than those in
3 the first lot, and laid on flesh more
. rapidly, making an average gain of
i 216 pounds each, against 157.
This is the point at which the mill
r a.nd speculators are obliged to stop
counting their profits, but a farmer
: who knows his business has a further
i source of revenue unaccounted for in
t the above figures. In the year book
, for 1881, published by the United
i States department of agriculture, it is
i estimat ed that the manure of a welli
fed ox of 1,000 pounds is worth $29.27
3 per year. The animals in the above
- experiment would average about 800
5 pounds, hence their manure for the
i six weeks was worth the first year $17,
t and the second year $14. This would
. give a profit to the farmer of $50 27 in
. the first and $05 in the second experir
ment.
3 The figures given above are the ref
suits of actual trials. The food and
' cattle were bought at market prices,
i and the cattle were sold for what they
f would bring. They never were choice
r animals, but to show what improve>!
ment they made, it is sufficient to
. I [ifnln fViof in coiraml inctoriPPS th(>V
ow?io uunu iu uv iviui auwvmuww ^
> were repurchased at the ad vanced price
i by the parties who sold them to us.
) But it is to the latter part of our esti
mate that we should direct our greatl
est attention, for it is the value of the
> manure that should constitute the rai
son d'etre to the farmer; and by the
l proper utilization of which he can
i practi?9 more true economy than in
I any other way. With virgin soil of
almost inexhaustible fertility we con
tinued to raise our crop3 for years
- without returning anything to the
' soil. We have been like the poor
man, w.'ao, suddenly acquiring a for
tune, scatters his monev broadcast,
I forgetful that, though large, he is
spending his capital. Like him, wa
t have suddenly awakened to a realiza
tion of this fact when our capital is
almost gone. This is proven by the
steady increase in the sales of commercial
fertilizers. But attempting to
? replenish our capital in this way is
like attempting to fill a barrel through
the bung while the spigot is open,
i We must first stop this waste. Where
> is it? Every ton of hay we sell from
r our farms contains thirty eight pounds
of fertilizer that it will cost us$l to $5
to replace.
; Every ton of corn 38 pounds, worth
) $6.50. Ereryton of oats 13 pounds,
l worth $7.50. A 500-pouad bale of
) cotton in the lint 51 pounds, worth
I $34, and 1,000 pounds of seed 53
l pounds, worth $5.50. How ara we to
i Stop thi.3 waste? The Almighty has
j given us a machinery, by the usa of
i which this can be done and yet a profit
p mide on the machine ilsalf. Live
. stock of the farm are so constituted
i that they are able to convert roughness
) into a fine manure. A substance
L which is not only as good a fertilizer
? after passing through an animal, con3
taining all the elementsof plant food it
. originally contained, but is actually
I improved by this process, for its con- |
i stituents ara therebv rendered much j
-I more easily available to plants. The
elements utilized by the animals are I
lo-HfrnliT ttHratiiq and fat and not
phosphoric acid and potash, for which
we pay in commercial fertilizers. The
animal also uses nitrogen. But for 1
every article so extracted from the J
food, a corresponding amount is released
from the body. Hence whether
we sell our farm products or, after
feeding them to our animals, fail to
take proper care of their manures, our
farms are just that much poorer.
But some one asks, how shall we 1
care for the manure? In order to better
answer this question, let us first
inquire what manure is, and
how it is formed. The, object
of adding manure of any kind
to a soil is either to supply a
natural deficiency of that soil in the
elements of plant food, to return what
we have taken from it, or to increase ,
its fertility. A manure must, therefore,
contain these elements of plant
food. While the substances necessary
to supply plant food are numerous,
fortunately for us, they nearly all exist
in nature in such abundance that
they are practically inexhaustible
from any soil. Nitrogen, phosphoric
acid and potash, however, form notable
exceptions to this rule; hence the
nkia/if in moriiii'inff IS fn Hlinillv
VUlti VI/JUVW 1U UftMUMAAkJIg * ? J~ r w
these, and no substanco is of any val
ue as a manure unless it contains some
or all of these elements. When animals
take food into their stomachs
they extract therefrom, more or less
completely, nitrogen, carbohydrates
and fat?the latter two of no use as
plant food. The medium by which
these substances are held in the plant
and the undigested portions of the
plant, then pass on and are voided
from the body. The nitrogen is taken
into the animal in the form of albuminoids
In a mature animal, at rest,
the only use of food is to get material
to supply heat?supplied by fat and
carbohydrates?and to replace the tissue
worn out in performing the vital
f u notions. This last is supplied by albuminoids.
But, as stated above, for
every part of albuminoids so used, a
corresponding amount already contained
in the body is split up into its
constituents of nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen,
etc., and escapes from the animal
in the liquid excrements. It is thus
seen that while the solid excrements
are the refuse from the food, the liquid
contains the worn-out portion of
the body, and the two together, in the
case of the mature animal, contain ail
the elements of the plant food contained
in the original plant. It has
been found by repeated trials that the
amount of albuminoids taken up by
the body is dependent largely upon
the supply in the food. Feed an animal
on a highly nitrogenous fodder
and the resultant manure will be rich
in that substance. Hence tne vaiue 01
manure depends largely upon the food
of the animal. In chemical composition,
for manure, the plant has been
practically unchanged in its passage
through tiie animal. But while in the
form of food it would have required
many months for its constituents to
become available to plants in the
form of manure, its constituents have
been converted into an easily soluble,
rapidly fermentable medium of plant
food.
C. FlTZ3iM0NS,
Manager Southern Cotton Oil Co.,
Columbia, S. C.
Ovation to Bryan.
Houston, Texas, Jan. 20.?Hon.
William J. Bryan addressed an audience
of 5,000 people in this city tonight
His remarks were largely confined
to a discussion of the financial
question, along the lines pursued duriag
the late campaign. Every period
was greeted with enthusiastic applause,
the cheering at times being in the nature
of an ovation.
It Is Said
TO,?4- n4 oil rliaAClHAS that &ffect
mankind, diseases of the kidneys are
the most dangerous and fataL If this
be so, how important it is that the
kidneys be kept in a healthy condition
. The use of Hilton's Life for the
Liver and Kidneys will do this. It is
the "ounce of prevention" in these
'roubles.
The trustworthy cure for the Whiskey,
Opium, Morphine and Tobacco Habits.
For further Information address The
Keeloy Inatituio, or Drawer 27. Columbia,
S. C.
WE
WANT
A PARTNER
INI
EVERY
TOWN.
Postmastors, Kaiiroad Agents, Genera
Store Keepers, Clerks, Mintolprs, 01 any
other person, lady or gentleman, who can
devote a little or all of their time to onr
busl ess. We do not want any money In
advance, and pay large commissions to
those who work for us. w * have the beat
Family Medicines on eartu, a d can Droince
lots of testimonials from <j -r hoiue
people.
Send for blauk application and cucu'ar.
Address
BRAZILIAN M2D1U1NK CO.,
i y, Augusta, tia 1
HERE.
IS:YOUR LIVER ALL RIG3T.7I1 ?B
Lre your Kidneys In a healthy condition ?
If so, Hilton's Life fer the Liver and
Kidneys will keep them so. If
not, Hilton's Life for the L'ver
and Kidneys will make wDB|
them so. A 25c bottle
will convince sHSHBI
you of this
agam
raken regularly after meals It Is an aid to
digestion, cures habitual constipation, H
and thus refreshes and clears
both body and mind. gSHHH
SOLD WHOLESAIE BY
Fn<s Murray Drug Co, |H
COLUMBIA, 8. C. SB
AND V
Dr. H. BAER, Charlerton, S. 0. 1
ENGLEBERG
M
rice . m
huller. j
The only machine that In one a operation 8
will 1
A ' ,
CLEAN, BULL AND POLISH
.V>-> . . t;<
rough rice, putting It In merchantable condition,
ready for table use.
SIMPLE AND EASY
to manage. Write for prices and terms.
ALSO '
Corn Mills, Saw Mills, Planing Machines, 1
and all klnda of Wood-working \
Machinery.
Talbott and Llddell Engines and Boilers
on hand at factory prices.
V. O. Badham, '
i
General Agent,
COLUMBIA, S. C.
__
Advice to Mothers.
; ',*gg
We take pleasure la calling your atten
tlon to a remedy so long needed in carry*
lng children safely through the critical
itage of teething. It is an Incalculable s_ <
blessing to mother and child. If yon are
disturbed at night with a sick, fretful,
teething child, use Pitta* Carminative, It
will give instant relief, and regulate the
bowels, and make teething safe and euy..
It will cure Dysentery and Diarrhoea,.
Pitta Carminative is an instant relief for
colic of infanta. It will promote digestion,,
give tone and energy to the stomach and'
bowels. The sick, puny, suffering child'
will soon become the fat and frolioking Joy
of the household, it is very pleasant to
the taste and only cost 25 centa per bottle*
Soli by druggists and by
THE MURRAY DBUG CO,
* ' '
Columbia, 8. 0.
"MATHUSHEK'-The Piano for a Lifetime.
1000
PIANOS
LUDDEN & BATES, interested in'
this Factory, now offer this great stock
at $50 to S100 less thnn former prices. No
strictly High Grade Piano erer sold so low.
ONE PROFIT from Factory to Consumer.1
Greater Inducements than ever In slightly
used Pianos and Organs?many as
good as new?sold under guarantee.
Latest Styles. Elegant Cases. Also
New STEINWAY Pianos,
Mason & Hamlin Organs.
Write for Factory Prices and Bargain Lists.
LUDDEN & BATES, SAVANNAH, 6A.
All Sheet Music One-Half Price.
ENGINES.
BOILERS,
SAW MILLS,
GRIST MILLS,
AT
FACTORY
PRICES.
E W. SCREVEN,
COLUMBIA, S. C.
? AttJfiNTS AVANTJfil) |
In each county in South Carolina $
v to introduce a LUBRICATOR for ?g
Soiling vehicle wheels without re-?
$ moving the wheel from the axle. It ?
Jjf ia a reccnt South Carolina inven- ^
8? tion, and will sell rapidly, as it is $
$ a very convenient device. Excluvj
sive territory given to the right
$ man. For particulars address, iS
| NATIONAL LUBRICATOR COMPANY, 1
Lock Box No. 43, M
| ORANGEBURO, S. C. g
?