The Abbeville press and banner. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, January 01, 1896, Image 1
jk? ?~ ?l, ??? ?<
gh wilson: Abbeville, s. c., Wednesday, January i, 1890. established i 8|ij|
britain's grab. , ?
' thi
J I M"
Vhich Raised the Vene- ad.i
tJui
zuela Question. im<
ivil
imawf j iujj
HHw-VRV MSITTE REVIEWED. '
HS91Be^V pui
khHHV
HRHngV
Wo Arc Interesli".l In tin- Encroach- jj
?^fl^H^^Kents of England <>a the Territory of h tor
SHHHBy^Vtoiith Americftn Kcpubllc- The Monroe ent
WBfflW Doctrine anil Its Preitent Application.
Since tho Venezuela question has devel- cht
oped into nil international crisis between t'rl
SbV this country ami Great Hritain it is interestinf;
to take a hasty jalancu at the cause ^ra
of all the trouhlo and hrielly review the
conditions which have led up to it.
Wf It is not a very largo tract of country J
V that England wants, hut it is very vain- j'>
W uble. There are mines then?goldmines
J ?and the glitter of the previous metal has , ^
often aroused the cupidity of John Hull. ' |j
The question is one of principle, how- ^
ever, with the government and not < f *
value. We are not particularly interested _
in the welfare of the Spanish American j ^
republic in her disputes with adjacent 11a
I.. |...? lotiinw s!\'
HVU Illlliuufi Iir in HDL iK'^uvoi. ^
but wo are interested in upholding tho ^
doctrine of President James Monroe, who ^ j
declared that any attempt on tho part of j
the European powers " to extend their system
to any portion of this hemisphere" .jj
would be regarded by the United States
"as dangerous to our peace and safety"
and would be opposed accordingly.
Great liritain lias for years liatl a foothold
in South America, gained when siio 1 ^
jf'i /I
/ ^ V[/ 4^$^ -
^fy
,? ~\ .. -yjr'.
?#%?
-V
MAP ^llDWlN-i; THE I>I<1*
compelled the Dutch to cede her a portion reci
of Guiana. This colony is known as 1 Jrit- Gre
ish Guiana. It adjoins Venezuela on tin- by
south. Tho boundary lino of this province urb
has long been in dispute. The Hriii>!i tha
have occupied tho disputed territory, ami tor;
British miners and colonizers have seized by
on tho fertile fields and gold mines there, fuel
Failing to get any satisfaction from J
England after various requests to vacate the
tho territory, Venezuela appealed to the one
United States, for several years our only tivc
?' ? *-1.1 . Jn tl*i? fnPin f?f
lu till* ... in.* ....... ...
mild suggestions to England. These sag- p<-n
gestions hud little effect. j (Jui
A little stronger stand was taken In our ouv
noxt communication on the subject. Eng- Tin
fc land was asked to submit the question of Enj
tho boundary dispute to arbitration. Lord oft
Salisbury's recent answer to this was that cob
Great Britain had nothing to arbitrate. wit
President Cleveland's message to con- tin]
gress, which has caused all the war talk, i 1proposes
tbat a commission be appointed ma
to settle t be question. Then, if England dee
is found to bo encroaching on Venezuelan jmr
territory, she will either have to give up Ess
and get out or llfibt, provided I'nelo Sam val
does not back down, and there is not much not
danger of bis doing that. rrt
The whole question, according to tho Cai
American view of it, is one of boundary jM-t
lines, and to settle it the commission will to <
have,to turn back several pages of history otb
arch many musty records. the
IAmhHR i r i it 1 Controversy. I'm
^HB^Hns wholly upon the
by our government
VaHB^^Bontrovcrsv en- ^"v
MnBHHiittrd to impartial arHS^HHflj^Blinti
which the presi- 111
KBgjj^MHj^ftnial message of Secre- ft^"
r-li tn Knil):isSJi(l<ir J'1'1
IKnHviit formality that our t'1"
HMfi^^n arbitration as to tho UIU
Hn^Btory. and in tint most
HgHflpCngland's assumption rj
S^vthe territory already be- poi
gjHP therefore cannot bo put wa
arbitration, is utterly re- hui
H it 1
H&agc of tho message, "the ]>j
9 arbitration should include
H^roversy and is not satisfied (;r<
vers concerned is permitted pul
Wbt'rary line through the ter- Si]
pate and to declare that it will (.,-t
[rfclt ration only the portion ly- \
ht<lo of it." I.dl
itrary line" referred to in thu i>ti
message is the famous Schom- jm
i z *v.. I. ..< ? |>J( ,
MJ^MMM^M57TjgpTTTliII))j ill 111* 11II111IIJ 111 1111' |,||
KUnHHlvor and pursuing irregular ],,
HDH^BQE^^^^^Uuvard to t. - Hra/iliau front icr.
that Lord t lit
R^5HRb9|^S|w^H^u) extreme possible bound- ,,n
HnERflflj^H^^^RBH^^^ielan republic, ho
MnBRH^n^^L>ubn)it to
QBKHKHjWglBfl^tof
HH6QMBHHM^ic(intr<)i
|sH^HHHffi8n?^Bffl^^hurgk.
uii...
rnHHSNMH^^nd
KMNlMB&MMHH0MtSMSCIrawK?^K i vo
amlraMc, final ami honorable .-cttl
it <>i the Wn have follow
s course on i lis- ;is>iii)i]it ion thai the i
\\ i-. mm <;f historical frtri, ?-r:ti >(* it
iptalild for ;iilinil! iu:: ii|' a.-iii! . it !<ui, al
ti tint territorial claims of each par
I a fixed limit, the rijrhi to ?vhi: li wotil
hout ilifiienlty, lie (Icteruiim.il aeeor
: to ' lie cvitlcmv.
'The claim now stilted to hiive hc(
; forth l?y tin- ;n:ili:?ri!y of iJrltii
iana ^ivc- rise 1.1 ?ra\v ili
litutic :i|ul c'eatesan apprehension tii
territorial rlaini doe.., lint fallow lii
ical t radii huts or evidence, Ian isappa
!v nnddino!.
if. iiidcc' il should appear ha; the
hi fixed lW.it in tlic llritish 1 >u 11 ila:
iin. our piod dispositi>>ti t<> aid in a si
iir it inijilit not only Jm defeated, In
nidified to nivo plai'n to a feeling 1
,ve concern."
Our first proposition.
\? i-arJy jis Inks. then i'oiv. tin' I'niti
,les jovprnnirnt took firm {.'round <
straight forward proposition that tl
olc lcfiitimaic is.-tm between Vene/am
1 Groat Jiriiain was "one of historic
r,"' capable of determination only I
it rat ion nccordin.it to tint evideno
is view found positive repetition in tl
it Venezuelan resolution of Tin- la
i^ress, passed unanimously, which d
rid that the controversy "turns cxdi
i'I.v upon simple ami readily asoriaii
e historical facts."
'onsi'intently Secretary Olnoy's dispaN
nst July is, above all other consider;
is, an emphatic rcatlirmation of a tho
fhly established policy of state. It
i a decided extension of that policy, i
t it in terms invokes the Monroe do
10 as applicable to the matter. Ti
ire practical situation may be sni/'mi
briellv as follows:
bir government completely refuses 1
fe%cP ^ >.
STN*
^%>hhT3' \zfi\
>>?> ^^Z-'-y\^L J\^o<APti >t\ ^
h^^lrki, /3 iff
S A'J^>-% *^e|f -J
^Qi^T-^ "Y % J/J0
<mf { It# -
iS'ff* w J '
B . I
^ L
' 1JLU.
I'tkd 'ii::: :rr? n:v.
ijini/.o that. f<?r?-i!?!? ?>?*c-n;?:ili;?ri i:u<
at Britain any title to territory clninii
Venezuela, whether west nr t aM of tl
itrary Schomhur^k line, and insis
t tin* hi*;it iiu.ue ownership of tin; ten
y, "in its entirety,"'can be deckled on
arbitration on tho basis of "historic
ill considerations of historical fact i
Venezuelan controversy hingo t'j?
simjile i|iifs!ion. What were, respe
ly, the p-nyraphieal limits <.f tho Yen
lan republic when it declared its ind
denco of Spain in lslo and of liritiiana
when England acquired that en
by treaiy from Holland in lsl
re is no other question involved, fi
irlantl has not idnee 1 ?s14 added <ii??t foi
crritory to her original 1Jrilisl? (filial
my l?y any pf< icess which can con
hi it tiic cognizance of the laws of n
us.
'rum 1S14 to 1S-I1 Knglaml neverint
ted in the slightest manner that si
mcd herself entitled to any importai
tion of tho Atlantic coast west of t!
ci|iiil)o river. Most interesting an
liable evidence is afforded by a lot
e written on May lfvJO, I?v Sir Itol
Ker Porter, IJritish charge d'affaires i
metis, to the Venezuelan autlioritie
itioning them with great earnest nc
root n lighthouse at Point iiarima ar
erwise provide for safer navigation <
;rand mouth of tho Orinoco. M
ter thus conceded that Point Harin
1 tho Orinoco month were exclusive
hin the jurisdiction of the Vcnc/.ucl:i
eminent, and the Hritish foreign ollii
er took occasion to repudiate his acti<
lliat matter until some &0 years late
r it had hecome the lixed policy of t!
idon cabinet to hold Point li.irima at
mouth of th>i Orinoco by force of am
1 without admitting arbitration.
Origin of the Schouiburgk Line.
riie Schoinburgk line, with its initi
nt ;it tho center of tin- (irinoco imnil
strami in 1M! l>y Sir Kohcrl Schon
rjjk. an Kurdish engineer. in siirvcyii
10 actud entirely in the interests of ll
itisli government and wit limit tliuco;
it or even the knowledge of Vonozucl
at excitement wasoccasioned in the r
Mie when it hecumo known wh
loinhurgk had done, and th:.l lie h;
ii)i Js<?ilo indicate Uriti.-li doniinio
I<r?nii]>l remonstrance was made, ai
rd .Aberdeen, who was then prime mi
r of Kniri. .oisweivd, on Dee. 1
1, that the m:irk> placed hv Mr. Schoi
rjrk at some points of thecoiintry wliii
iiad >::rveved wen-simjdy a prcliiiiina:
p. s:il?ji':'i to futlire discussion we<
1 two governments; that iln-yweretl
ly tangible means of pre]Hiring to di
-s tiie i|iiesti<.n of limits with the pi
Uiieiit of \*enc/ileia; that they we
ccdwith thai ??xprc.?s object and n<
the "overniiient of Venezuela scenn
fear ii. willi tlie intention of indicatii
ninion or empire on the|iavt of Mr.iiain.
Soon afterward Lord Aherdei
Irivtl (!i:it .ill tif S*hoinliiir;;k's jmjuM
Im! rrmtivcil.
L'liifi! yrar^ l;;t(1M 1) Li.rd Alicrdiunt-arily
prupu-id ! ? Si-imr l-Wii-ip
Iiuzuolan pliMiipulimiary in Knglaml.
judiiry lino Iji^iiiiiiuK ?>? tin- w?i.?t
L mouth of llie river Muri , wlii
into tiii! oi'cau s??!is?* diM.-imv
H^^^vard of tlit! Kssf<piilii).
Mr. J !?'ll> nil Mini
Wiirzurlan
<-<>ni i
hMDbhHH^^m I i 11
Hh9B^q|^sH9HS^^Ri1 in'
inouu iit
RHK|HBflSfiR^MB^^ratioii
tin!
! ];>v declaration to h'-r m:iji sly's jjovi
<- merit ? namely, that Venezuela herself
fil iii> i;11< lit ion in in"M!j:y < r cncroach u
is- tile territory in *'
!y i \'i ri'-ziicla . (( f:>:(i!iiL'iy yaw the desi
d ' assurance, a'lil I it;:s was e>:ah;i>h'-d
!.v 1 celebrated sialus ipni "I i " h. which \
d, Kzut l.-i has always ;?i!In-ri-<I in ia jrnud fa
11* and which Knirland. dnriri.r * In* lri<l <h
years, has violated without s.riijih
-*T1 lltllllllls.
-h Uli Sept. I?is|, Lord (-iramillc,
> note to Scnor IJojir, Venezuela's di
'it malic a-,',-, m in England, sn^cstcd
s-I agreement. on a ho Miliary line to lit
?' on thi! coast miles ea-i from the mn
of the river Harima. Tho starting jh
rn , thus indicated is well t ? the ea>f of
iv (Jrinocii month, anil, in fact, (iranvilln
t- illicitly slated tlint he hail enileavom
it satisfy the reasonable ]>reten>ions
"l' claims of Venezuela, triviiifj to her th
called Dardanelles of the Orinoco uud
. complete dominion of its mouth.
.(] Knshiinl IIcpiiiliHtcd tlio Treaty,
m Then followed tin* memorable ev<
n> leading to (luzman lilanru's mission
la Knjzland, his actual m??r??ii;iti?>?? o
:il ' treaty embracing the arliilration princ
iv and tilt; snliHaquent repudiation of i
e. > treaty l?y England. In 1*M Yetiozt
ie Imposed an additional tliitv of .'10 per <
st ! 011 all merchandise from the llritish c
e- : nies. This was intended as an aguresi
; movement for crippling Hrili.-h West
11- I dian trade. It had the desired effect.
Hritish government, thereujion inv
h Venezuela to send a diplomatic rep rose
:i- | tive of hifrh rank to London for the |
r- | pose of settling all questions at issue
is ' tween tho two countries, and (iuzi
u Blanco was dispatched accordingly. A
e- protracted negotiations ho induced 1.
>o | Granville, on Juno Is. iss.j, to appro
d j treaty which provided (article 15) t
any differences between Venezuela i
lo England which could not ho adjustei
_ ordinary ways should lie settled by a
tration. Jiul on July ~7 of the same 3
Lord Salisbury, the Tories having c<
into power meantime, informed Ken
lilanco that 'to engage to refer to arbi
j tion all disputes and controversies w]
' Wntilil ho without nroceileiit in
treaties made by (ireal Britain. Quest:
might arise, such jis those involving
I title of the Hrit ish crown to territor
j ot her sovereign rights, which hennajes
government could not. pledge tiicnise
j licforehand to refer to arbitration.''
Therefore Lord Salisbury deliberately
pudiatcd the Granville treaty, and all ;
sequent. eirorts to revive it. were una\
lng.
lint notwithstanding this harsh an
J the Liberal ministry, which soon took
place of Salisbury's government, show
disposition to recognize the injiistici
British pretension to sovereignty al
mouth of the Orinoco. Lord Hoscberv
Tuly 1SM5, wrote in a spirit of com-:
tion, proposing a bounilary line start
somewiicre to the east of the Orii
mouth, merely remarking that hernia}
attached special importance to the poj
sioii of thi) river (iuainia, with Ike pro\
however, that t he river Orinoco shouh
. i j "entirely free to commerce navigation
The foregoing detailed n-vicwof the
a torical aspects of En^latiii's claim appi
s to show that Lord Salisbury's present
..I . ?..> ,>t, flu, s^fliiioit.oi'.'l.- 1 iilit :is
ii! boundary between British Guiana
is Venezuela is merely thn dcvelopmen
i- an arliitmry course determined on wit
ly the past ti>n years, in cotMcinpfc of
;il j traditions and also 1 lit* formal record n
i in tlii' 70 years from isn to ISMi.
In In justification of England's present
m J titude 11 is now uracil that the territc:
c- j limits have always lieen in debate; 1
e- kIio has really claimed all the time
e- minion as far west on the coa*t as I'
h Harima; that the various A berdcen, ( >'
>1- ville and I,insebery compromise pro)
1-' tions were only tentative and concilia
>r and never surrendered England's
)t claim to joint, ownership of the Orli
ia month, which claim she has ever 1
ie prepared to assert and establish, and t
ii- in view of her recognized de facto occi
tion for ten years of all the country on.?
i- the Schoniburjxk line, she should not
io asked to submit the proprietorship of 1
it country to arbitration now.
in Soil.!, it I5ril-iin'< (I|>fr>n<iv Vi
id zuela's soli; reply is that tliis content
ig while very convenient for the interest
lj- England, utterly ignores Jut own nntii
kt rights, which ant founded on liistoi
s, truths whose great weight nobody in
ss senses can doubt.
?d Kx-MInistcr ScruKffx' View*.
William Ij. Scruggs, for many y
/ United States minister to JJrazil, in a
| magazine article on the subject, says:
J " The real issue involved in the pre.'
phase of the controversy between Engl
1 I and Venezuela is very simple, liri
' stated.it is about this: Whether, tit
r i
' j pretexts afforded by the incidents <
I boundary dispute which she has per:
, j ently refused to settle upon any jus
reasonable basis, (Jreat liritain shall
; permitted to dismember an Americar
'public, nicuiicc the safety of others a
id cent, and thus to indefinitely extend
li < . .1. I 1,11 iliic cuiii iri 11r ill f]
ii- | violation of public- law ami in total di
>g ganl of the principles of this Monroe ?
'?? trine.
ii- I "This language may seem a li
a. strong, coining as it. docs from an im
? - ; tial source, 1 nit it will lie found to
ut j fully justilit tl liv the facts and aire
id stances of tlic case. It is an axiom of
n. tcrn.itional ethics, sanctioned liy gen
id usage, th.'t nil boundary disputes ari:
11- ; from imperfect surveys, or from adv
1. i constructions of treaty provisions,
n- which ttsr.i ex -liiMvcly upon ascertain
h historical lacis, or which involve quest
ry of j.rc?:Ti;it iv< ri^'ht. are. in the last rc>
'ii ; pro]icrlv referable to a joint commis
lie I or to outside friendly urhitration,
is- present case falls clearly within those
v- visions and should const unto no ex
re tion."
; A Oliver Cemetery.
it; A correspondent of tlie Koston Travi
at describes tlie queer ceinctery of the M
ii can ci:v n| i iiianajnato. There is ha
Is ro>m .in (iiianajuato fop the living,!
livhoovc> he;' s1.1 :ilc to exercise rii;id c
i-n uiiiv in iin* dispi ->iti<of her dead,
if, hurial pi.uv is mi tin-i"p <'f a Meep
a which ii\> rl'i.iks the ?ity, ami consist
at an ;iiv;i rici,.sed liy wlial appears from
rli outside tw !j. a lii^rli wall, hut which
l<> cover- itself front wiiliin in he a tveept
fur bodies, which arc placid in tiers, n
n as the ci>n!i?:c - ?>f th?-ir i.aiive valleys (
in ! pel them tu live. Knelt apartlneiit in
v- wall is large enough to admit one en
tig and is rciit'i! fur -tI per mulilh. The
isg people are I'liricd in the ground will
lie thi! fi.-maii;y uf a euliin, though on
at tisually rcnii d, in which the liody is
Jit; \v\vd in iin- trr;ivi\ As tliorr art*
i-li graves i*iioi":!i In fsu around, wht-nrv
x- ih'W i'in! is '.I' . tSi-d a |irnvioiis li-nunl u
lit- In- (list iii'Ih iI, iiml iliis likcwisi- lia]>|
)U- i wlifii a li-nan' s ivnl is lint pmmplly 1
is- j in a(lvaiu'i'. Tlio I tody is thru trim
from its plan* in tin' mausolrum, ur
^kyiuinrd, as iliu case, may lu>. and tin; h
thrown into tlir liasrini'iit lntli>\\\
- IN THE EVENT OF A WAR'S
J"'" West
ir il llttln
Vi.'n Speculations as to the Field of:?"'^"
jVJ!" ! Conflict. Inst \
V J 0110 c
''t'1 outsi
THE FIRST rOIXT OF ATTACK.
''!:l - forge
? solut
!)n Importance of Halifax to Great Britain. fieU(J
r\1',1 Relative Strength of tho Two l'owcrn Iu auch
Mill . . ,
Case of a Conflict 011 tho Sea?Cotnpari- snips
tho Hon of tho Two Naval Forces?View* of
cx" I Army and Navy Oflicerg.
1 to ' ing t
and In tlm evout of war with England what has t
- - 1 4l.?t Tirlt fi
0 so wouui nappenr it nas ultii hiami uniu
the , tho war would bocarried on in Venezuelan
territory. Such would hardly ho tho case.
j The most effective course for tho United
j. States would ho tho immediate invasion
1 l(" of Canada.
j! ,t 1 Halifax, where Groat Britain's chiof
inlo navai station in North America is located,
Lint wou'^ 'K* l'll! ^rst point of attack. There
I : is not much douht that the two forts which
em Protwt t',at station would strike their colilo
i ors a^r,er a f(-'W hours' bombardment by
sivo I so,no (lUr '''ft battleships.
I With Halifax in our powor, tho imTlio
,n,'nso "ayal stores which it contains,seized
! and appropriated to our own use, and tho
j i 14 acres of dockyard closed to British
ju'r i a SL'vero hlow would bo dealt to the
be- ' cn,!In>''
nan ' T'"' nt'xt 'novo would bo to throw a
fter s,rulln military force over tho border. Our ^\
iord ri?ulop ar,"i* coll'(i ho vastly increased l)y f
?? a i *'10 a(^^t'(,u the national guard aud a /
j't formidable f rce put in possession of tho
I | country. This, it is probable, would soon
j jn \ bring England to her senses, and Uncle
' 11_ j Sam could dictate his own terms.
I When it comes to a quest ion of sea flght>1110
i wo%v?uld 1)0 placed at a disadvantage.
( 1 ; Hut suppose wo did attempt to drivo the
tra- English out of Venezuela, see in what a '*ei
I t. ! position wo would find ourselves. a for
! Wo would load our regular army on a su
1 "1 I - - t.J.I loll +
inns ' l,oar" t,u: American imers, wmcn, as purt ?'? ??
lof t.io naval reserve, would at onco be care i
v or ' Prp?M:^ into service. Such other vessels as forts
,v-s j con 1.1 lie found would he seized and used tranc
1*. s : as troopships. When our standing army tho
| of 27,000 men was afloat, our ontiro naval outfll
rr,,. force would prohably bo mobilized to con- are ii
>nli- v,,y l'u' troopships down tho Atlantic, tion.
. il_ I across tho nulf of Mexico and tho Carib- a stai
! bean ?ea to the shores of Venezuela. those
linn ' threat Britain would send out her big satisl
.. . battleships to prevent us from landing four
I'd a I tro"l)S- Then would follow sea fights gave
|f ! which would be tho most terriblo history the q
(|1(1 1 has ever recorded. mucl
0? | In the event of a combat for supremacy erwa
"it*. ! on 1 lie sea it must be confessed that tho 80 m
' J,', outl?>->k is not very promising for Uncle heait
iiwo ^;UI1- ^aval men say frankly that wo are St.
(.slv not prepared to light a nation liko Eng- Greai
;S1,^ ! land on tho sea. tancc
j ,, .Although the following facts concerning milit
j ju", tho coniiKirativo naval strength of tho two of so
! . nations may sound discouraging, it must equif
^ ls bo remembered that England has other undu
iwrs troubles that engage ln-r attention, and ho d
jM. I that she would not daro to leave all hor trout
| other colonies unprotected. Sho has many Th
hJJi president ckespo of veneAela.
iciil enemies, ami tho complications which p
his might arise were war to bo declared bo- j
tweon England and this country would ,
probably bo favorablo to us. ? .
enrs Hero are two tables which show nt a /[lVs?
' glance how insignificant is our naval force u
L beside that of England. Tho tables show 1,1
. that where wo liavo but 131 fighting ships ,00'f"
" , of all kinds England has 5?>4, and that Jen
i i whero we have but 5)22 guns, England has I?u n
ider I ^lllls- Not all these guns however, 81S s
f 1 ! could ho trained ou the United States floot.
>" a . , . . , ., the r
5ist- a oncu' !,,,<* ?ur ont,ro naval force could | 1
t or ')0 '""'looted to meet all tho ships that
l)(( : England could send into our waters.
, ro. The Naval Forccs Compared.
din- naval ktuknuth of the u.mtkd states. . ^
her ' ?f 0t ?
I Class of vessels. No. gum. i crcas
' < j Armored vessels 2S 353 ; yard:
>rt" Unannored cruisers, gunboats and purt
J"C- | battleships 25 4ff7 ?f th
I Wooden and iron ships, unamiored. 12 U3 _ i ,
ittle Torpedo boats 6 W roul '
par- I Other vessels, including small Bteanibe
,TS- tugs, sehoolships and eonum
demned ships CO ?
in- Totals.. 131 022
oral j England's naval sthength.
<ing i . No. of '
I ('las* of vessels. AO. guns. |
urM' 1 Armored sl ips 83 2,808 i
<>l ! Unarmorcil ships 112 2,!t0t)
rililt' j jVrnmrcHl k'unboats 2 18
lulls | I'tiai-inon-il gu.iticuts T?J &>7 i
;ort, j Disjiiitrli v<*ssi i.-, 4 30
siou j Tr:iiiiiii>r ships, sturoships, tui;s,
Tin. * transports, etc 28 118
]iru- Torpedo boats 221) ? |
cep- j Totals (including torpedo boat (runs). ;j?J4 0,790
(ircat itritain, every naval oflirur in tlio
| navy knows, has powerful military sta!
tions within a few days' sail of 1j!? Uuayra, \
!r and Iter supplies at these points are almost
l'*1* inexhaustible. No comparison between
V the lighting forces of the two countries on
so I the seas can lie made without its becoming " "jr;
'im" vividly apparent that, as at. present- coil- ".2*3=
ihe it.utftl, the American navy would be
lull, hardly a match for the Hritish Meets now ?>
N ' in the Atlantic between Halifax and Venj
| ezttcla.
I j The files of the naval intelligence oflico I
"c j show that while there aro no battleships tlosh
,lu . attached to the licet the cruisers are in- flnisl
numerable, and most of them areas good as .sliips
1 v" W'Hio "f our best. As lighting machines and t
i of their class they are the equal of vessels Th
l',,or 1 of the lialcigh and l-incinnati type, but table
",l." t hero are no vessels at t he st at ion coin para- ijuirt
" ,-i ' ' 1. V ... V....I I, i? , ,
Oil* Willi I'll IIIT I lit- .>?*>> HUM., ? WIUKIM*... uuu ?
euii- | British channel licet, however, Is oh usi
j understood in l>i! now well mobilized and tion.
, r M in excellent condition and was prepared Th
aust |()I. HctiVl. jifrvicu some weeks ;i<r< , prosuin- val ri
pens ikj||y fur t||jiy in tho Mediterranean in stren
paid j l)V,.nt ,,f further trouble in Turkey. rathe
)\ed WJiilo Great. Britain could send powerful ho th
rx fleets and thousands of men to Venezuela to d<
ouus | In two weeks, naval olHcors assort that this troul
I country probably would not be ablo to gut rauki
n there If England once anchored her '
at La Guayra. Her strength in tlio |
Indies at present is a matter <>f some |
question, but information that has ,
to the navy department from intelli)
oflicers on ships visiting the islands
vintcr show that at St. Lucia she has
if the most powerful military stations
do of Great Britain. Not even Gibrali
said to be. better fortified or to have
ample arrangements fur earing for
bodies of men and for afTording ab
o protection to any fleet she might
into its landlocked harbor, with j
urago sufficient for tho largest battlenglaud'a
West Indian Stronghold.
Lucia in tho last t ivo years, accordo
reports on hand at tho department,
lecome tho strategic point of Great
tin in tho West Indies and is not onlj
SEXOK JOSE ANDRADE.
lczuelan minister to the United States.]
midablo military garrison, but is also
perbly equipped naval station, with
ho appurtenances necessary for the
find repair of warships. Three great
guard on each side the narrow en:o
to its harbor, about two miles from
ocean. Submarine mines, torpedo
ts and all the paraphernalia of defense
j place and ready for immediate acOf
late tho island has been used as
fciou where insubordinate troops and
i whose services at home have not been
factory have been exiled for three or
years. The famous troops which
the military authorities attached to
ueen's household three years ago so
1 annoyance wero sent there, but aftrd
wero transferred to St. Thomas,
iles distant, on account of tho unhy
conditions.
Thomas, until St. Lucia became
b Britain's station of great impori
iti tln? West, Indies, was her main
ary point and carries a garrison still I
veral thousand well organized and I
)]?cd men. Hundreds of others are j
rstood to be stationed there, ready to ,
ispatched to St. Lucia in event of
)lu.
is country, on tho other hand, has
a singlo possession in tho islands
e refuge for ships or supplies could be
ved. Great Britain, naval officers
jxperts on warfare at tho war departi
say, has realized that if sho ever got
jublo with the United States tho war
d he carried on on this siuo of the
i, and that without coaling stations,
r shops and supply depots no successhostilities
could bo pursuod. Tlioy
i to 1-lUlliax, iiurjjiuuit ami ni. uubiu
>11 as to St. Thomas and Kingston as
ictwork of stations on tho oast coast
10 United States and to Vancouver
10 west, where thero is ono of tho flnaval
stations in tho world.
ose stations aro not only powerfully I
eoncd, but have every facility for |
Ing and ropairing warships. Tho total
ber of British soldiers they carry is
;nown, but an officer of tho army boi
that they would not fall far short of
ofnn^lr*cr ctT*oT>oprh nf thn TTnitnd
is army. In observing tho powor of
t Britain near our own const, and tho i
,ty with which sho could land thou3
of men from St. Lucia, officers of
military service do not take into conation
the resources sho would bring inlyat
homo. They predict that, should j
Jnitcd States determine to oppose action
of the land in dispute, herchan,eot
alone would bo required to land |
any soldiers in Venezuela as sho might '
i proper and nt tho same time pro- j
the I'nited States from getting a reg- j
t ashore. Her policy, naval stratc- j
declare, would be to intercept at once i
3eet of warships we might gather for :
mrposo of giving safe convoy to regu- j
and national guard, and this, they
>he would havo no difficulty in doing.
The Condition of Our Navy.
ie present available fighting strength
ur navy could not bo materially in- |
ed under three months, with shipi
working night and day. The best :
of tho navy is now at sea and most I
e ships on foreign stations, and of tho :
fighting class there are but three bat- j
MTfcU STATES HATTLKSUU' MAINE,
ips ready for notlvc service. Tin- untied
vessels comprise three liattln,
an armored cruiser, three monitors
hreo litt le gunboats.
e const ruction bureau has prepared a
showing tho percentages of work red
to CO)llpl(<te the Vessels launched.
>f this number the battleships Massa tts
and Oregon are nearest coinpleo
list of warships as given in the naitgistur
hardly shows the ival lighting
gin OI UUI survil-l!. j mw Milium^,
:r than those in commission, would
? Vt'HSols tho government would havo
itpoud upon chiofly should there ho j
>lo In tint next two years. Of ships I
i'd as lirst rate there arb 11 vo?tho I
New York, CMumbia, Minneapolis, Mair
and Olyinpia, all now cruisers?but in
ono capable of giving light to a battleshij
Of tbo second rate vessels thoco are 1;
beaded by the Baltimore, the largest, <
5,500 tons, and ending with the Uosto
and Atlanta, of -1,000 tons. These vesse
include the monitors Amphitrite auil M
antononioh, and all of the remainder are <
tho cruiser class. Of t lie third rate shi]
thero are about L'5 available for servio
consisting of ships of the class of the Hi
lelgh, Cincinnati, Yorktown and Maehia
These also include all the old wooden ve
sols. The rest of tin navy's actual figh
ing strength on the water consists of t\\
torpedo boats and a number of small*
cruisers. The vessels under constructio
number 10 altogether.
Inadequate Const Defenses.
Our coast defenses are inadequate, hi
the coast towns are not so absolutely d
fonseless as is generally imagined, at;
some of them aro supplied with the
of our new guns. Under pressure tl
naval gun factory, near Washington, coul
add to the ordnance ot the war depar
ment, and the army pun establishment
could do wondors if urged to speedy wot
and would furnish in a few months man
batteries of powerful puns.
For manning the defenses and for sti|
porting any undertaking by bodies i
troops there would be that part of our rej
ular army of 25,000 men that could 1
spared from its present duties and ll
national guard. Reliance would not I
placed in these troops if the menace l'roi
England were very serious. Tho reguli
army would offer to its ofiicers who se(
fame and advancement tho opportunity 1
win both by entering the volunteor servii
as organizers. If all tho men of militai
ago could bo considered as available i
swell a volunteer army, it would bo poss
bio to put in tho field several millions i
men if tho emergency becamo so great i
to demand tho enrollment of every ma
nnrstm who could carry a musket.
Tho danger from attack by Britis
battleships is not regarded as very grea
Tho coaling capacity and sailing radius i
these ships are small, and they could scare
ly do much moro than steam from He
muda to Now Y'ork without exhaustii:
their fuel supply, thus rendering the)
worso than useless at tho time they woul
bo expected to do their most importai
work. An advantage would bo enjoyt
by our warships, which would keep nei
the ports of the principal cities for the
defense and would at all times bo with]
a day's sailing of their base.
The Part the Army Would Play.
Tho part tho army would piny in th
problematical war has been discussed i
tho war department, whero it is not ai
mitted that our military resources are lin
1 1, crippled or incompetent. It is sai
at army headquarters that tho nrmy wi
never in better condition than at presen
It could be easily augmented by vol in
tears and the uso of the national guard. ]
is admitted, however, that tho greate
difficulty to contend with would bo i
anuing a large body of soldiery. This ii
ENGLISH' BATTLESHIP BLAKE.
eludes the question of ammunition, <
which thero is little on hand. At presot
tho national guard is equipped with a vi
riety of guns, which makes identical an
munition impossible.
It would take time to properly equip
large body of troops aud a large; expend
turo of public funds. There i* no que
tion that tho national guard could 1
readily mobilized and easily brought wit]
in the discipline of the regular army.
General Milos' capacity for cominar
and campaigning is readily agreed to. H
youth, activity, experience aud ambitlc
combine to make him a fit commander i
any operations by land.
Many of tho war department officers a
of tho opinion that the invasion of Canat
is loss likely as a military oporntion on n
count of tho present incident than tho o
oupation of Venezuelan territory. An c
fleer said in referring to this subject:
"Tho invasion of tho neighboring D
minion grows out of tho assumption th
there we must make the principal strike
Great Britain, since our naval force
pitiably inadequate. England, it is fel
cannot withdraw her armed forces fro
India, Gibraltar and tho colonies to i
creaso tho military in Canada, and it
taken for granted that tho I'nitod Stat
can easily obtain possession of Canada,
seems to me that this will precipitator
attack on our undefended coast, a resu
of immense cost to our seaboard cities,
say nothing of the loss of innocent lif
After all, tho contest, if there bo one, mu
bo at sea or at least between two navk
Tho army is more likely, it seems to 1110,
go to South America and there susta
tho Monroe doctrine, tho military alli<
with tho naval force of this country."
A Fulfilled Prophecy.
At tho time of tho boom in southei
California a irentloman who was about
start for tho golden land of which so imu
was said, and who had a passion for (fun
ing the Bible whenever it was possibl
telegraphed to a friend already resident i
thu west in tho following words: "Rei
the second epistle of John, twelfth verse.
The friend looked tip the verse and reai
"Having many things to write untoyoi
I would not write with paper and inl
but I trust to come unto you anil spea
face to face, that our joy may lie full."
The friend was also a student of tl
Bible, and from his beautiful home in oi
of thu loveliest of California towns he sei
back the words:
"Delighted to hear it. Head Deuteroi
omy, eighth chapter, seventh to tent
V IT S06.''
The message translated gives the noble:
description of what its grateful inhabitan
love in call "God's country:"
"For the Lord thy God bringeth tin
unto a good land, a land of brooks <
water, of fountains and depths that >prin
out of valleys and hill>; a land of whe;
and barley and vines and IIk trees an
pomegranates: a land ??f nil olive nit
honey; a land wherein tlmu >halt eat l?i*. a
without scarceness, thou shall not la<anything
in it; a land whose sinnes at
iron, and nut of whose hills thou niaye.ilif?
brass. When thou hast ealeri and at
full, then thou shall hie.?: the Lord ill
tiod for tlie yood land he halh jriveti thee.
? YoutIt's ('ompanion.
Slightly lh'ltvr Off.
Weary Watkins?Don't you believe tii
poor is yet tin poorer riyht along:'
Hungry Higgins ? I hadn't notice
notliin of tin' sort. I owed $Ks ten yeai
ago, and I didn't have a eent. 'l'erday
ain't got " cent, hut them debts is mil
la wed, so 1 guess they is otic pore man
little butter olT.?Indiauauolis Journal
? DENTAL NOTICE.
Dr. S. G. Thomson, ?
/ OFFICE rP-sTAIKS ON McILWAlN M
* [ Corner, Abbeville, S. C. jM
;-j Dr. L. J. WHITE, I
JI DKnrxKiiv. I
s* tt*.OFKICE: So. 2 WHITE'S BLOCK.
S1 | March 6, lSar>, tf
?! Restaurant.
jr ,
in !T would announce to tny friends and custo|A
mors that I have moved my RESTAURANT
to Cothran's Block, on Washington
Street, where I will he glad ro serve the pub|
lie with as good meals as the provisions of
11 the market will afford,
u- HARRIET E. ADAMS.
1(j Oct. 1. i:J05, Cms.
,e House and Lot for Sale. ^
id
t- I OFFER MY HOUSE AND I.OT In the
ts. 1 town of Abbeville tor sale. The lot contains
two acres, tiie house eight rooms,and al
k ihe premises in perfect repair. Every lmiv
provement and easy terms.
Apply to W. C. McGOWAtf,
Dec. 12,1891, if Abbeville, S. C.
i!f |
Desirable Place for Sale.
>0 '
, \T7"B offer our liomeplace at (,'okesbury for
I ?? sale or exchange. Premises In fluere'0
pair, set acres <> I first class land. Land well
in adapted to fruit and all crops, Pure cold wa,r
ter und perfectly healthy location.
. NVyatt Aiken, Abbeville, S. (J.
J. S. Aiken, Cokesbury, S. C. - ?
to Sept. .id, tf. "
I E F GILLIAM. i
of
s .'.TAILOR,:.
HAS moved, and occupies the room recently
occupied by J. L. Clark, the gun.
smith, and is now prepared to do all kinds ol
' repairing and cleuning of gentlemen's clothes
[)t on short notice.
o- Samples ol suits always on hand. Charges v /,
r. reasonable
j? NOTICE.
id
it Ninety-Six, s. C.. Dec. 11. ISfti.
.,1 rpiJK FIRM OF PHILLIPS BROS. & KICK
*- lias ihis day been dissolved by mutual
ir consent, M. L. Rice retiring from the firm,
ir .1. P. PHILLIPS. 1
n B. H. PHILLIPS, I
u M. L. KICK. 1
We have this day bought the Interest of M.
18 L. HICK In the firm of PHILLIPS BROS. ?fc
in KICK, and* we assume all liabilities of said
il- tlrm. All parties owing the firm of Phillips
. Bros. & Rice will please make payment to
" PHILLIPS BROS., who are authorized to col'?
lect same. PHILLIPS BROS. t
is Dec. IS, 1S9.1, tf J
llE YOU 1
|irwest?And
wiint LOW 11ATRS to St. Louis, Memphis,
New Orleans, Cincinuattl. Louisville
Chicago, or points in Arkansas, Texas, Mis1
| -iourl, Kansas, Colorado, Oregon, Washington.
- I'alifortna, or any point West, it will pay
f i you to write to or skk mk. Excursion and
T Special Kates from time to time. Choice of
Routes. No trouble to answer questions.
I Hates and maps furnished free. Address
Kkkd I). Bl'SH, Dist. Pass. Airent, L. A N. 11.
| li.. :t6 1-2 Wail Street, Atlanta. Ga.
3f | July 24.1SD3. Cm
*
H KTICB
PHOTOGRAPHS! i
1 All Sizes^**^
d " All Prices.
is
)n TN LATEST STYLES OF FINISH. Also
. A copying and enlargiug done ;?t reasonable
ln rates.
I have GALLAGHER'S negatives and will
re make photographs from them.
* M. V. LOMAX.
^"Over HA DIJON'S store. :'JZ
c?ut
NOTICE
^TAXPAYERS !
ties
11 i Pay Commutation Tax if You Do
it I Not Want to Work the
o? Roads.
i- T
st | *- HE COUNTY" TREASURER IS EMPOW|
ered to receipt lor two TWO DOLLARS, com,
' mutation tax, In lieu ol' all road duty, which
j j must b<* paid wlu-n other taxes are paid, or
"** I prior to tiiv 1st ol Marcn. ruose noiexpecijingtndo
six day's faltli.'ul work would do
j well to pay the tax.
to! JOIIX LYON,
jh!
l"\ Supervisor.
IjI | Oct. :)i, Wt.'i, If
Fur Sale!
10
M>! it.
-trilu A< KKS MOKK OK I.KSS, NKAK
j !'ill tt-rson's l'riiisfi*, bounded by lands of esit
of A. S. Mr I 'arlaild, i "o.\ ?V Ibadiey, Ot. al
known a-< I lie
it
ts Wilson Watkiu's Place,
and brloiiLin. ! > Hie -!at?' oi \V. K. I'radley.
si|i|..||,|jt; (aii'i, vriy good lio'.i-r thereon, jjood
,, uel!, out iiou-rs and olhrr roi.veilieliees.
d
'' all ll>a! trael or p irei-1 ofland near Ml. far''
iiirl, known a- Hit: Mrt'r vi > I'I mt*,oontaink.
262 Acres,
more or less l.ninl in jjood condition and
highly productive.
ti:u.m< i:.\sv. -l
i'or any iiifornuii inn apply lo *
W, T, BRADLEY, Agent.
' rn jn n
iroy, a. o?
Nov. ; 1*1*1 tf J
A
,k I Win n you wiint .'! mi I sin!)' at iihhIi ratr