University of South Carolina Libraries
The Abbeville Press and Banner.! ,:h BY HUGH WILSON. ABBEVILLE, S. C., WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 28, 1895. ESTABLISHED 1844 vjg . _ TO HONOR THE BRAYi OPENING OF THE MILITARY PARK OF CHICKAMAUGA-CHATTANOOGA. Great Preparations For the Celebration oi Sept. 19 and SO, Which Will Be Attend' ed by Thousands of Veterans Froui Nortfc and South. Nowhere in the world except in America is there any such battle memorial as tl>at furnished by the national park on the battlegrounds of Chickamauga awl Chattanooga, to be formally opened on Sept. 19 and 20. This park is to the west what Gettysburg is to the east, and. although the task of marking the liues of battle, the positions of different bodies of troops and the spots where exceptionally severe fighting took place has not yet progressed as far as at GetLL AN OBSERVATION TOWER. tysburg, yet very much lias been done, and those who visit Chickamauga for the first time on the days of tli^a coming celebration will, no doubt, be greatly surprised at the extent of the work. According to the last report of Secretary Lamont, the park now contain* 5,521 acres. One thousand more acres are to be added, and were it not for the exorbitant prices asked by the owners of adjacent lands still more would be bought. Forty-one miles of road have been built, and state commissions and from the Societvof the Ar my of the Tennessee have been occupied for months in locating the lines of battle. Troops from the following states took part in the engagements commemorated: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Illinois/ Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia and Wisconsin. Nearly all of these states have appointed commissions, and it is expected the legislatures of all will eventually take proper action. The establishment of the park was authorized by act of congress in August, 1890. In a commcndablo spirit of patriotic co-operation the state of Georgia has ceded jurisdiction over the Chickamauga field and the roads approaching it to the general government, and the rTAn>?noo/\ft *111 ri Crl lP.f.l HT1 BtatO UL O. CUI1COOCU uuo vvuvu jua?wv*?vv<>/m over th? roads across Lookout mountain, through the "above the clouds" battlefield, the road thence to Rossville and the road from Rossville along the crest of Missionary ridge to General Sherman's position on the north end thereof. The government has purchased Orchard knob, where the headquarters of Generals Grant and Thomas were locared on the third day, aud also that part of Missionary ridge where General Bragg's headquarters were situated. Five observation towers of iron and steel, eacl: 70 feet high, have been erected by tht government?two on Missionary ridge and three on the field of Chickamauga. Two thousand cast iron tablets, eacl marking some important event, hav< been set up. Each of these is 4 bj 8 feet in size and bears an inscrip tion in plain white letters embossed or a black background. These tablets dea impartially with the men of the nortl and south, the inscriptions indicatin{ the headquarters, positions and charge! during the various fights. Seventy guns mounted on carriages, such as were usee in the battles, indicate the principal po sitions occupied by the batteries a Chickamauga. Eight pyramids of heav; shells, each 10 feet high, have beei erected to show where brigade com manders, both Union and Confederate were killed. The eight commander thus commemorated were Brigadier Gen eral W. H. Lytle, U. S. A., command , ing the first brigade of Sheridan's divi siou, killed Sept. 20; Colonel Philenjoi . P. Baldwin, U. S. A., commanding brigade in Johnson's division, kiHei Sept. 19; Colonel Edward A. King, U S. A., command ing a brigade of Key nolds* division, killed Sept. 20; Colone Hands C. Heg, commanding a brigad of Davis' division, mortally wounde *4u.. o, HERE FELL A GENERAL. Sept. 19; Brigadier General Benjami H. Helm, C. S. A., of Breckinridge divisiou, mortally wounded Sept. 2C Brigadier General James Deshler < Cleburne's division, killed Sept. 2( Brigadier General Preston Smith < Cheatham's division, killed Sept. 2( and General Peyton H. Colquitt of tb * Forty-sixth Georgia, mortally wounde Sept. 20. For the regular troops nixi monuments have been set up by ti i general government, while each state i expected to contribute monuments to il own troops. Ohio has so far done inoi i.. J in this direction than any other state. It will thus be seen that this magnificent park will be amply fnrnished with memorial objects. Not only is it tho most extensive military memorial and . object lesson in the world, hut, everyr thing considered, the engagements it . commemorates were among tho most t important of the entire struggles between the north and the south. They includo the battle of Chiekamauga, one of the bloodiest of modern times, which , ; took place on Sept. 1!?, 20 and 21, i 1 just 32 years before tho time set [ for the coming celebration; the scarcely i less sanguinary engagement of Mission- j i arv Kidu'o and the subsequent battles I at Lookout Mountain, Orchard Knob, | ? Brown's Ferry and Wanhatchie. ; The battle of Chickamauga was a Confederate victory, but tbo engagei rueiit of Missionary Ridge, which closed the series of lights in the immediate vicinity of Chattanooga, caused the campaign as a whole to result in Federal triumph. This occurred on Nov. 2ii, a little more than two months after the battle of Chickamauga, and'was a much more sweeping victory, owing to the uncontrollable zeal of the Federal troops, than their commanders had thought possible. It is not feasiblo in so brief an article as the present to recount in sequence the thrilling inilitarf events of the fateful two months of 18G3 that aro shortly to be celebrated, and every student of civil war history is already familiar with the records. It may bo recalled, however, that of the entiro series of engagements the concluding one at Missionary Ridgo was the most spec tacular, as tlio opening one at umcKaniauga was tlio most sanguinary of the entire campaign. The average losses on each sido at Chickamauga on the part of the troops which fought through two days were fully 33 per cent, and somo portions 011 each sido suffered losses as high as from 50 to 75 per cent. Tlio exercises which will be observed at the opening of the park will be of the most interesting nature. They will begin a few days after the close of the i (i. A. R. encampment at Louisville, i and many attending the encampment will go directly from there to Chatta' nooga. It is believed that the attendi ance will largely exceed that which has i been brought out at any other similar gathering since the work of memorial. izing' the events of the civil war was begun. In recognition of the significant . fact that the monuments of the blue and ; the gray stand side by side the attendance from the south will bo as large as from the north?perhaps larger. It is expected that President Clevelan/1 nrwl liia llinnilicrs Clf thft c supreme court, heads of the executive ( departments, the admiral of tbe navy, ? the governors of many states and sec. tions of state militia and regulars will be present as well as thousands of veterans and civilians. The Unitod States k j THE HANDSOMEST MONUMENT. government will expend $20,000 in seet in# to it that its officials are properly j represented. The bill appropriating this r sum was prepared by General Wheeler - of Alabama, who commanded a Confedl erato battery at Chickamauga. It was 1 presented by General Grosvenor of Ohio, i who was on the held on tlio Federal side. I The only private monument as yet j provided for is now being built at Hart5 ford to commemorate the bravery of I George W. Landrum, a lieutenant of 1 - tho Second Ohio. It will be erected by ( t tho sister of the deceased, Mrs. Obed J. 7 Wilson of Cincinnati. j Tho haudsomest monument is the i - memorial on Snodgrass hill to the Sec- ] , ond regiment of Minnesota. Tho most j s striking feature of this nionumeut is a j' - group of three figures in bronze of rath- 1 .- er more than life size, representing the j - color guard in action. Tho central fig- . a ure, standing, represents the standard , a bearer himself. At one side tliero is a , J kneeling liguro with hand pressing a ] . | wounded breast. On tho other side thero i - is a figure stooping with gun in posi- 1 il tion for defending tho flag. ? I T>1.? ich n/._ J U | 11IC V/V1U1U^ JL^UUIVU uxu X UlUiUM vyv> d casion for the recital of many reminis- 1 cences of wartime days, and these rem- ] iniseeuces will, 110 doubt, include hu- ; morous as well as tragic incidents, for i the ridiculous often follows closely upon the heroic. Hero is one oft told story 1 that will probably bo repeated with j' many variations. It was at Chickamau- ! ! ga that western and eastern soldiers first ' fought together in the army of tho Con- j; ? federaey, and men from each section ; had before this believed themselves su- ! I I perior to men from the other section. 11 i On tho second day of tho fight Long- j1 ' street's men went intoi>attle. As they j did so they passed a lot of the Tennessee troops who were waiting for orders. u 1 "L<ie down, xennesseeuns, uuu buo 's tho Georgians go in," called out one of Lougstreet's officers as Kershaw's and >f Humphrey's brigades attacked Snod?; grass hill. A half hour later, when the )f Georgians cauie back, vainly trying to ). pull themselves together and reform 10 their lines, one of Stewart's officers said, j d "Rise up, Tennesseeans, and see the te Georgians como our.'' In spite of the te absorbing and awful nature of tho situis ation this brought out a hearty laugh ts from those who heard it. to CHAKLES AlTLEBKE. THEY SAVED THE NATION t How the Proud Legions Went ] Down In the War. I a 4 5 A TvOLL THAT MEANS SOMETHING. ? _ 1 some Startling Figures of the Calamities j of Camp ancl Field?What the Soldiers 2 Panned Through?About One Out of Every Two Killed or Injured In the Conflict, j [Copyright, 1895.] Tho Warings ami thoso who with them l ;onsi(l(>r it an impertinence for spokesmen ? if thn firjiiwl Armv tn sjiv. uWft Sftvwl the 7* lation," have thus far failed to enlighten 2 ho liberal imblic as to who did save it. ? iVaring brought out ono echo which declar- 3 id that at the outside there are not more 3 han 50,000 vetemns alive who took pare 3 n tho fighting. It is often asserted that hero are more pensioners on tho rolls 5 han there wero soldiers in the army at a my ono time, and so on to tho end of a ong category of reasons assumed for not p ecognizing soldiers' claims. It is also t itated that there aro inoro pensioners on I he rolls than thoro aro survivors, henco nany must bo impostors, and that the sol- Q iiers who performed but little service are " >n tho same plane as those who bore tho 0 mint of tho lighting. In point of fact, ^ here aro about 400,000 surviving votorans 11 lot now upon tho roll, a number large J snougli to include all the men whoso servccs were so trivial as to give them no j ilaim to pension. Tho disability laws 2 nako no distinction as to length of service. 8 Tiio pension is for a disability. It may I1 lave occurred during tho first day of a sol- g lier's term or at the end of four years' 9 lard service. Only a graded service pen- ? lion could reduco tho inequalities -which 4 jxist with rcspect to amount of allowance 4, or terms served by tho pensioner. Tho * iido of thoA'etcrans can hardly b set forth 4, vith adequacy and still keep w.thin the i rounds of self respect and modesty. They | vent to tho war voluntarily when tho na- 5 ion was in danger, and it was tho nation 6 vhich spread abroad at that time, with ? itriking emphasis and display, the idea e hat all who suffered for tho causo would 7' jo showered with benefits at tho end. ? Nothing was too gobd to say to the volun- I ccrs then; nothing too much to promise. 7 rho nation was saved, and it is a startling ? jommentary upon tho result if tho people 8 oday aro unablo to recognize its saviors. 8 Historians and descriptive writers have | abored to impross upon this generation s he services of leaders of certain armies 8 md of heroes of certain battlefields. Yet ? vith all that has been written and re- 1( :ounted at tho fireside, the risks taken, tho 11 Iceds of valor performed, tho sufferings J1 . . < " ^.1 i? OIWl 4-n * IK'U lull LU LI1U uriuw? uunuoanj uuu uv> I ivory man in them and tho daring expo- 1 iuro of lifo and limb for tho glory of the 1 lag are bub little understood and appreci- j: ited by those who at heart wish to do i: ull honor and justice to the veteran sol- 1; licrs. There were about 2,000,000 individ- jj lals in tho war, and it is not too much n o say that every marr who enlisted had 1 jut one chance in two of escaping tho hor- ] iblo evils of war. Thero woro 859,000 i leaths in all during sorvico, \vhilo tens of 1 ihousands died of tho effects of service im- J] nediately after iliscliarge. Thero were r dso 250,000 men wounded so severely as to )0 sent to a general hospital for treatment, j( md thero were 6,000,000 cases of disease e ireated in tho hospitals. If half of tho men j n tho wholo army entered tho hospital, jj (very ono a victim to six diseases .Nring q lis confinement there, it would not be eur- g irising. Tho war was a long one, and the a Jnion soldiers were wholly unprepared by laturo to endure tho exposure to southern :limes. Of tho victims scut to hospitals i! ibout 240,000 died, and it is reasonable to li iupposo that at least as many more were ? jrought almost to tho point of death by d iisease, and that they loft the service Ci narked for lifo. Of those hit in battle 2 hero were moro than twice as many re- i; :overies as deaths reported, and no doubt 1! t would be fair to estimate tho very dan- jj jerously 6ick who recovered at 400,000 lien. There were over 180,000 men re- . jorted missing or captured. Of course ilioso known to have died are included in ^ ;his report. Thoy numbered 30,000 airoDg * ho prisoners, leaving 150,000 survivors, j: nost of whom brought back from captivity ;he evil effects of confinement and priva- n ion. Taking the four classes of casualties v :o which every individual was exposed, hero woro over a l.iillion, as follows: Dcath3, all causes 859,000 1] Wounded, recovered 250,000 51 Prisoners, survived 150,000 81 serious illness (not fatal) 400,000 91 1< 1,159,000 1] Many would bo counted twice or even j' ;hrco times in this list, which is official, si xcept that fractions of a thousand are dislarded. But after allowing for all of the ofnvflinr* fnni- mmjiina thnt a< iupuiiiiuna Liiu otui uitug j.uw ~v icarly 1,000.000 out of the 2,000,000 men 41 ,vho woro the bluo risked all that makes ^ ifo worth liviDg. a And it is possiblo to verify on an exton- 5! ;ivo 6calo tho facts assumed as a basis for jj: this argument. In tho 300 Union regi- n tnents whose records are given minutely in 0! Colonel Fox's work, "Regimental Losses," ? tho showing of casualties is greater than 1 ~ to 2, taking the deaths, wounds and tho 7< laugerous cases recovered on the above jj. [dan. Each of these regiments lost 100 & men or more by death on tho field of bat- ? tie. For tho purposes of this argument jjj they are but typical. Whilo tbero wero y; many hundreds of regiments in the Union II inny where thu loss of life in killed was jj less than 100 in each, yet the service per- ] formed was ouo of exposure equal to any 1 iind tho execution in battlo and clsewhero j lis important. j; Table of casualties in 300 regiments, i; prison and hospital eases, not fatal, exclud- J' tid: j! MAINE. 1 Killed. Wd'd. Died. Total. 1 1st cavalry 174 435 344 853 1 1st heavy artillery. 423 WIO 20(1 1543 1 id infantry 134 365 14'J 038 4tli infantry 170 443 137 750 lj - ? km /:'>1 l! uui mimicry j;w ouu nw rth infitiitry 128 427 212 707 Hili infantry 134 855 730 T IMh infuutry 182 462 2!U 883 1 lfitli infantry 181 578 259 1018 v 17tli infuiitry 207 552 103 622 t liith infantry 192 501 184 877 ? 2<Uli infantry 147 381 140 074 I ? 31st infantry 183 445* 176 804 J 1 Tho maximum strength of infantry was ! 1 1,000 men; of cavalry and heavy artillery j c 1,800. The long service regiments received j 0 additional recruits. The First Maine | 1 heavy artillery anil the Thirty-lirst infan- j n try entered the Held in 1801 anil their : P losses were incurred within ten months. : 0 NEW HAMPSHIRE. j ' Killed. W'd'd. Died. Total. 2d infantry 17? 481) 172 830 3d infantry 1U8 485 154 837 j 1 5th infantry 2<J5 751 178 1224 (ith infantry 187 4'J2 231 U10 1 , 7th infantry 184 48-1 242 810 i Uth infantry 155 408 254 817 0 11th infantry 145 383 152 680 12th infantry 181 478 138 708 1 urtuaimm - larwrTTir1 -c, New Hampshire sent out the regiment rhich scored the highest loss in killed, 6t lumerically, the Fifth. g? VERMONT. 14 Killed. Wd'd. Died. Total. J? Bt cavalry 134 335 304 773 r* st heavy artiilerjVlGt 410 412 995 ~ (1 infantry 224 603 175 1062 ;? (1 infantry 206 505 165 876 j~ th infantry 102 394 280 886 ?0 th infantry 213 472 125 810 til infantry 2U3 471 215 889 *2 Oth infantry 149 353 203 705 ? 7th infantry 147 229 117 493 ? MASSACHUSETTS. 46 st heavy artillery. 241 483 243 967 49 st infantry 142 332 79 553 55 a ,.tr? ion if\r n? rss an til infant By 209 505 69 783 67 Oth infantry 134 469 50 659 73 ltii infantry 104 463 97 723 82 2th infantry 193 474 83 750 98 5th infantry 241 638 122 1001 12 Gtii volunteers.... 15tl 393 95 638 ?th infantry 161 423 133 710 l)th infantry 260 684 149 108!) 6? 1st infantry 159 401 91 651 jq 2d infantry 216 543 103 862 , 5th infantry 161 403 169 733 7th infantry 137 350 264 751 ta 8th infantry 250 603 137 990 2d infantry 144 372 145 661 4th infantry 135 510 134 7i9 5th infantry 148 391 101 040 3d 7th infantry 169 419 92 680 5t litli infantry 126 321 100 54< Ot 7th infantry 201 515 86 802 15 Bth infantry 139 353 150 64i 17 In the First Massachusetts the ten comianics averaged 9 percent killed in battle; jjt ho lowest was 7 per cont, the highest 9 M >er cent. 10 RHODE ISLAND. 20 ' Killed. W'd'd. Died. Total, ~ d infantry 120 308 70 504 ^ CONNECTICUT. 31 d heavy artillery. 254 638 173 1055 87 th infantry 168 430 190 ? 94 38 Oth infantry 123 311 ICO 593 39 1th infantry 148 3S4 177 < 00 40 tth infantry 205 525 192 9"? NEW YORK. r Pt dragoons 130 331 131 592 d cavalry 121 302 230 659 rn th cavalry 105 262 205 572 o1 Oth cavalry 102 255 149 506 th heavy artillery. 291 515 378 1J84 th heavy artillery. 361 049 803 331:, th heavy artillery. 204 620 257 1081 8t 4th heavy arti'ery. 220 635 801 1162 9t th infantry 177 442 34 6o3 H Oth infantry 238 711 172 1121 12 2d infantry 153 208 104 524 20 3d infantry 123 337 121 571 21 4th infantry 183 461 147 790 22 Bth infantry 230 623 183 992 30 9th infantry 141 380 179 700 81 1st infantry 303 393 1<6 771 34 3d infantry 153 483 197 SB ge 9th infantry 143 356 127 036 39 1st infantry 191} 433 123 <48 40 3d infantry 156 365 93 614 42 4th infantry 173 454 119 44 9th infantry 259 535 143 936 4g Oth infantry 190 315 64 569 65 2d infantry 161 344 69 C94 78 3d infantry 150 371 7i 604 88 4th infantry 130 281 69 * 480 gj 8th infantry 173 481 157 811 89 Oth infantry 119 297 79 495 03 Oth infantry.; 138 311 157 596 10 1st infantry 143 340 97 579 2d infantry 181 384 88 653 3d infantry 15B 378 88 6ffi ct 4th infantry 163 346 69 577 Bth infantry 173 449 131 752 8th infantry 151 381 73 604 8? 3d infantry 128 351 133 609 7th infantry 181 623 157 861 00th infantry 194 424 203 821 U6th infantry 137 355 170 662 la 09th infantry 165 449 164 <78 6t 11th infantry 2^0 558 180 958 6t 12th infantry 131 320 193 ?44 Is 14th infantry 121 803 194 617 Is 15th infantry 135 359 188 682 2d 17th infantry 130 349 136 616 3d 20th infantry 151 436 183 769 4t 21at infantry 236 613 1~1 960 6t 24th infantry 148 8fi8 ?3 600 7t 25tli infantry 127 337 113 677 8t 20th infantry JM atv iza km jo 57th infantry 127 363 167 657 17 40th Infantry HO 384 170 703 20 (2d infantry 129 373 163 666 24 tfth infantry 133 310 181 668 27 47th infantry 163 418 177 768 49th infantry 133 353 78 664 04th infantry 116 321 129 666 gi 39th infantry 157 461 118 786 fe '0th infantry 129 352 08 679 The Fifth New York (Duryee's Zouaves) ^ Dst 119 killed and 137 wounded out of 490 ^ ngaged at tbo second battle of Bull Hun. n two of its battles the aggregate was 404 :illod and wounded out of 940 present. ^ ?ho Forty-eighth lost 40 per cent and the 2d lixty-ninth almost 60 per cent in killed 3d nd wounded alone. NEW JERSEY. Killed. W'd'd. Died. TotaL J? 3t cavalry 128 329 189 646 jt infantry 153 393 91 637 ? 1 infantry 157 380 81 618 07 th infantry 161 427 106 693 th intantry 138 404 86 627 ? th infantry 127 306 78 606 m th infantry 137 348 123 608 oi th infantry 170 448 110 734 fr Ith infantry 142 4?J iuy vua Jth infantry 177 410 09 686 w 1th infantry 147 377 110 634 ei ith infantry 340 616 132 088 Dead cavalrymen were no myth in the irmy of tho Potomac, despite the sneering 15 un which delights soldier-haters. The 'irst New Jersey cavalry was engaged on C 8 fields, where its members were killed, tl u tho Fifteenth New Jersey infantry 190 21 ion out of tho original complement of 947 ci rore killed in battle. to PENNSYLVANIA. tC Killed. W'd'd. Died. Total. d< th cavalry 103 254 190 646 I ith cavalry 119 297 180 596 th reserves 141 340 68 640 th reserves 158 332 68 668 th reserves 137 270 50 457 Jth reserves 160 273 47 480 2d 1th reserves 106 485 118 - 704 8d Jth reserves 162 442 00 t!94 6t Ith infantry 236 633 181 1060 et Jth infantry 140 840 78 562 7t 3th infantry 157 394 127 678 0t 5th Infantry 227 506 252 1075 13 Jth infantry 170 443 138 760 15 Jth Infantry 166 803 146 674 22 )th infantry 103 543 168 004 21 )th infantry 164 430 184 778 I 1st infantry 177 470 137 784 1,, W tnfftntrv 200 587 104 081 | Ji 5th infantry 208 574 271 1053 ,? fth infantry 161 432 ~1< 810 ^ 1st infantry 237 635 101 073 id infantry 169 464 89 75S 3d infantry 186 535 134 85;> jg 3th infantry 178 460 110 748 1st infantry 161 404 99 661 Jd infantry 193 543 119 855 la 5th infantry 170 453 194 81i ~d 1st infantry 208 503 OS 869 18 Id infantry 282 689 153 1124 8t 1th infantry 125 3(111 90 690 ' 3d infantry... 172 409 103 (43 79 5th infantry 1? 485 73 740 ' 3th infantry 132 297 . 87 616 64 rth infantry 136 383 186 705 i 30th infantry 524 663 185 107"D2d infantry 181 508 b2 <71 T< J5th Infantry 245 538 139 922 11th infantry. 145 404 159 <08 16th infantry 145 383 89 617 TO 18th infantry 141 361 112 614 bi 19th infantry. 141 378 72 591 21st infantry 109 293 66 468 J9th infantry 145 1386 91 622 SG 40th infantry 198 534 128 860 tu tint infantry 167 440 79 695 ^ 12d infantry 155 411 72 638 13d infantry 151 407 152 710 b] 15th infantry 205 440 217 868 er 46th infantry 210 559 187 956 r i9th infantry 164 449 172 <85 50th infantry 112 319 95 626 55th infantry 142 377 112 631 of 88th Infantry 121 332 08 524 a, Aiucaig tho officers of the Sixty-first 'ennsylvania thero was an averago of ono ]e k'ouud or death stroko for every officer in y( ho regiment. Threo colonels, 5 captains dt ,nd 11 lieutenants were killed while load- th ng their men into buttle. In the Eighty- ri hird there were 971 killed or wounded out' jw f 1,808 enrolled. The deaths by disease,] ]K tc., numbered 153, and thoro were 397 of {a ho surviving wounded permanently dis-< I 11( bled, making, with the killed, an aggre- I vt ;ato of 833 or 45 per cent destroyed with- sc ut counting those disabled by sickness, pt turdship and prison life. 4t DELAWARE. ' tl] Killed. W'd'd. Died. Total, it st infantry 158 420 121 CW it] MARYLAND. j st infantry 118 311 140 578 m ih iufantry 128 303 108 639 j,1 WEST VIROLNIA. ,W tli infantry 143 380 158 680 J ni OHIO. h infantry,,, 146 391 57 h infantry. 184 498 89 h infantry 132 364 73 th infantry 146 379 186 th infantry 179 484 136 st infantry., 172 570 220 d infantry 159 408 131 th infantry 158 404 13J th infantry 120 286 151 th infantry 128 345 149 d infantry 137 364 195 th infantry 130 351 130 th infantry 140 378 163 th infantry 140 391 229 8t infantry 176 491 154 th infantry 134 383 156 th infantry ; 202 552 161 th infantry 143 404 119 th infantry 122 326 135 th infantry 142 379 151 d infantry 171 510 150 d infantry 138 386 119 th infantry 120 406 127 6th infantry 152 389 144 In the Seventy-third Ohio there 31 casualties in battle among 1,267 eaths and disabilities from other < icident to the service would swell t J to about 1,000 men. KENTUCKY. Killed. W'd'd. Died. I infantry 109 340 199 h infantry 157 424 14} h infantry. 115 318 101 th infantry 137 379 114 th infantry 135 363 163 XOT)IAXA. h infantry 125 336 142 h infantry 131 436 222 th infantry 150 442 72 th infantry 199 5 J J 117 th infantry 201 570 113 d infantry. 153 412 190 th infantry 169 447 133 th infantry 137 374 275 st infantry 120 312 258 th infantry. 171 442 97 th infantry 156 423 255 th infantry 148 870 253 th infantry 148 403 211 The Nineteenth Indiana fought on Brigade and with its companior tents lost in killed and wounded per 60 per cent of its enrollment. ILLINOIS. Killed. W'd'd. Died. h infantry 166 385 155 h infantry 216 576 201 th infantry 186 357 285 th infantry 148 888 112 ith infantry 139 364 192 st infantry 180 244 142 d infantry 147 277 103 th infantry 125 336 220 st infantry 175 455 286 th infantry 140 368 121 th Infantry 204 535 128 th infantry 141 381 183 th infantry 125 313 121 d infantry 181 473 . 206 th infantry 135 351 157 th infantry 123 308 257 th infantry 157 291 129 d infantry 114 306 167 d infantry 102 275 60 th infantry 124 322 145 th infantry 133 334 173 d Infantry 151 285 143 4th infantry 116 289 78 The Fifty-fifth Illinois lost over >nt in killed and wounded alon larched 8,240 miles and traveled i 000 miles by boat and raiL MICHIGAN. Killed. W'd'd. Died. t cavalry 164 420 250 h cavalry 141 iifll 225 h cavalry 185 301 251 t sharpshooters.. 137 354 l'Vj t infantry 187 461 160 I infantry 225 581 147 1 infantry 158 393 91 h infantry 189 ?43 106 h infantry 263 756 191 h Infantry 208 521 189 h infantry 223 560 220 th infantry 247 023 148 th infantry 185 307 154 th infantry 124 282 178 th infantry 189 400 189 th infantry 225 580 207 The "dead cavalrymen" of the Ulant Michigan regiments fell on I rent battlefields. The Twenty-four intry fought in the Iron Brigade, \ i has been stated, the casualties in one averaged more than 60 per cen WISCONSIN. Killed. W'd'd. Died. t infantry 157 271 143 l infantry 238 515 77 1 infantry 167 812 115 h infantry 195 554 134 h infantry 244 023 113 h infantry 281 735 143 th infantry 147 319 252 th infantry 188 315 77 th infantry 157 421 185 th infantry 156 401 91 Wisconsin contributed the Sixth lent to the Iron Brigade. It lost li lers 132, making the casualties om the disabled excluded in this c< it ion 905, a loss that fell upon 1,20! irollftd. MINNESOTA. Killed. W'd'd. Died, t infantry 187 398 09 When General Hancock ordered C olville to lead his 262 Minnesotia lat forlorn charge at Gettysburg, [5 out of 262 were shot down, he di sely what the government had the i do at any time with every man en i fight for the banner. "I would ha jred them in there," said Hancock, known that every man of them woi tiled." IOWA. Killed. W'd'd. Died. i infantry 120 845 163 , infantry 127 332 128 h infantry 117 802 188 h infantry 152 420 128 li infantry Ill 824 164 li infantry 417 232 th infantry 110 824 209 th infantry 128 838 281 d infantry 114 807 186 . u ioa aiA 9iz Ill iUlttUki/ ' wiu ?W MISSOURI. Hi infantry 104 875 181 th infantry 112 233 96 th infantry 115 281 107 tli infantry 118 147 185 KANSAS. t infantry 127 212 125 UNITED STATES, t sharpshooters.. 153 393 129 sharpshooters.. 125 337 125 th fnfantry 218 036 252 li infantry (colored) 119 245 132 th infantry (colored) 188 470 166 th Massachusetts nfantry (colored) 109 272 161 Jtals 49^30# 125,924 45,154 About 600,000 men were borno upc ills of these 800 regiments, first one it tho grand total of 220,287casualt ounds and death may be taken to nt the sufferings of 400,000 soldie tally engaged in arduous and dang ild service. Adding the number di{ r disease and prison hardships, the < irollmont would 6how a list of casu r exceeding 61) per cent. Tho inference may bo drawn from ficial llgures that with areasonble t ico for other forms of disability inc 1 the prosecution of the war there w ast 1,000,000 victims out of about 2 lA 11? - ?nHKA?A ttrnrn Of IU UU IUD ai iij_y lung, xuviu IIV'. isertions, some few possibly ligurii 10 classes enumerated above, but ilo the deserters became such befor< id done substantial service, and it \ i fair to deduot them from tho graj ,1. (They do not figure on thepensio )r in the ranks of tho Grand Army.) sturans who brought home these s< ars from tho field, from swamp and in, are members of the Grand A 10,000 of them. Of the hundre lousands not now in tho order the n y have been and for reasons not dL able to themselves nor to their com i good soldiers have ceased to Ix ho order represents the battlo sci ho, with the martyred dead, save* ?tion. g. k. Lens A CANDIDATE FOR GOVERNOR. 694 771 Career of Lloyd Lowndes, Who Heads I Maryland Republican Ticket. 799 Lloyd Lowndes, whom the Republ ujjg biis of Maryland have chosen as th C84 candidate for governor, is a Virgini [jjy by birth, a Pennsylvanian by educati C94 and a Marylander by adoption. He v jjgj born at Clarksburg, Harrison conn 7G0 W. Va., Feb. 21, 1845. He gradual from Alleghany college at Meadvil 016 Pa., in 1865, and studied law with Ri< ^3 ard L. Ashhurst in Philadelphia. Af 072 taking a two years' course in law at < University of Pennsylvania he was t 653 mitted to the bar and began the pr; 085 tice of his profession at Comberlai were Md. men. jn ]ater years he has devoted more ^heto attention to commercial enterpri than to the law and is prominen connected with a number of banki Total houses, mining companies, manuf turinc establishments, etc.. in Baltimi ^ and Cumberland. He is president of I 630 Second National bank of Cumberlai 001 the Union Milling company of Alleg] ny county, the Potomac Coal compai 789 the Frostburg Gas and Electric Li{ ' jE ' ^^ 559 LLOYD LOWNDES. company and the Cumberland Pa] 688 company. He is one of the directors 577 the Cumberland Daily News Pablii 689 . 437 ing company. jjw In 1872 he was elected to the For 550 third congress from the Sixth Maryla 483 district He was then but 28 years 40 per age, and though the youngest meml e- of the house served upon several of 1 nearly most important committees. He wa strong and able supporter of Presid< Grant's administration while in c< Tot834 gress and was a delegate at large to 1 727 national convention in Chicago wh Og0 nominated James A. Garfield. 708 Mr. Lowndes is a member of i American Academy of Political and ! 740 cial Science of Philadelphia, the N *918 York Southern society and various 1009 cial and political clnbs. He has lc been warden and vestryman of Eman' 684 Episcopal church of Cumberland a 20^2 one of the lay delegates from that be three t0 .(^'ocesan general conventions. L? d.lf" A FAMOUS POEM. tn in vhere, Interesting Facts Abont the Author battle "Curfew Must Not Ring Tonight." The million more or less of schoolb and girls past and present who have Tottfri g^n their elocutionary efforts with i 830 recitation of "Curfew Must Not Ri ms Tonight" will be specially interested 860 something abont the author of the po and how she came to write it. The i MO thor is Mrs. Rose Hartwick Thorpe. 8^8 Mrs. Thorpe was born at Mishawa! yg Ind., in i860, and was the daughter i pris- William Hartwick. In 1801 the fa aside ily moved to Litchfield, Mich. I jmpu- parents were poor, and her childh( 3 men and young womanhood W/ere passed a dull and prosaio atmosphere, and th Total was not^^n8 *n ^er early education 0 684 surroundings to "charm the muses" olonel kindle the fires of poesy. Da on Mrs. Thorpe wrote "Curfew," J where best and m ost widely known productii d pre- when she was 16 years old. This -v power jn 186?. Some copies of Peterson's Mi ilisted azjne ba(] COme into her possession. had one ^ese she found the story of B aid be s*e ^er ^over* ^he thrilling incidi of the brave young English girl deej 220,287 ^ HasT 1M,SE hartwick thori>eles by impressed her. She could not bani repro- from her mind the words "curfew mi irsa^- not ring tonight." The inspiration ;ereus write came when she was in the schoi tabled r0om, attempting to solve a mathemi entire jcaj problem. Sweeping the prosaic fl ia"les ores from her slate she wrote "En these land's sun was setting," etc., and t illow- Poem was soon completed. It was fi] urred published in 1870 in the Detroit Co] eroat mercial Advertiser over tho signature ,000,- Roso Hart wick. Tho editor wrote hei 10,000 ]etter of thanks, which is all the rem ln neration she has ever received for t a? a nnom frlimirrVi if-, lias hfifill nriTltflfl 3 thev v?""" " vould thousands of publicatious in this con ad to- try au(* England and been declaimed ' n roll legions of youthful orators on two co i The tinents. arvlce Mrs. Thorpe is an attractive woma fever tall and sleuder, with dark brown ej amj liair. She was married in 1871 . ? Edmuud C. Thorpe. Hillsdale (Micl: college conferred the honorary ilegree ira(jes master of arts upon her in 1 $83. T (long, family now reside at Pacific Beach, S urred, Diego, Cal., where they are pleasant 1 the domiciled in a charming home call ox. Rosemere. SUBuBSt CITY WATERWORKS. :he ^ 1 :k jc_ Report of tlie Committee Appointed . by 4he City Council. 61f I an j Chester Reporter. ' on We the undersigned, a' committee * ras appointed to investigate the practity, cability and cost of establishing a sys- ' o/l tpm nf wntBrarnrbo in Hifl nf PVioo. l6i j ter, S. C., beg to submit the "following ^ report: ' There are three ways of obtaining y~ water? , 1st. Gravity system from Sandy River; ac- 2nd, A number of tube Wells connecid, ted to pumps; 3rd. Artesian well with pump. . of The first will cost $33,000 00; ses The second will cost $11,00000; tj The third will cost say $3,000 00, to y get the water to the city limits. 8 After correspondence with several ac" parties we had first Col J. W, Baum, 3re Hydraulic Engineer of Atlanta, Ga., to come, and after going over the id, ground laid out system locating the ia- main and deep well as shown on the iy, map as submitted herewith. It is his hi opinion that we can get an abundance of pure good water from this system. We next had Mr. T. G. BydnorH. E., of Richmond, Va., who after going ov- , i er the ground, locates the well in practically the same place and says the system we have is a good one, and that the chances of getting a sufficient supply of pure water are good. Neither of these parties will guarantee water n quality, nor have we been abla get a man to guarantee water Ttpm either of the well systems. OwiDgtoa geological survey made some years ago by the U. 8. government, it is claimed that water cannot be obtained in this section from artesian or deep wells on account of the granite formation. We also had Mr Knox, H. E., of Charlotte, N. C. who holds to this theory and advocates the tube or shallow well system and submits a proposition for such a system. It is our opinion with the light we have betore us that the question obtaining water from either of the well systems is altogether experimental. s of The experimental cost in either case sh* will be about the same. Mr. Knox proposes to locate water for say fifteen ty- hundred dollars, that is he is willing jid to survey at a cost of $150 per week. 0f At the end often weeks he can tell _ ^ whether or not be finds water in suffi- . ,v cient quantity. In case he finds water as desired be will furnish and complete 8 a wells for $3,500. In case he should fail 3nt to find water we are out $1500 for the jn-. ayrvey. Jp the The artesian or deep well will cost ich from $700 upward. The cost of the well will depend on its depth. Should the we find water at 100 feet the cost will ( g0. not exceed $750. If we should go 600 feet the cost would be say $2500. If we fail to find water we are out the cost of boring the well. . )n8 Estimate of cost of the deep well sys- > ael tem complete including well 500 feet tnd deep is $39,590; tube well system com>dy plete $48,090. The deep well system may be out-. lined as follows : Locate tbe well on the eastern side of city as shown on map, and stand pipe on the western of side, place pump at well connected directly with the mains thereby forcoya ing fresh water from well into the be- dwellings without coming in contact; the with the open air. ing This system practically covers the jn whole city, placing it under fire protection with the use of 1000 ft. hose. Respectfully submitted, B. M. Spratt, N. P. Alexander, Ed? famna TVfnT.apnnn UUUI^O UXVUHI UWUj ' of Chester, S. C., Committee. an- August 19, 1895. . Jer mtm wd . in A True Gentleman. 61:6 One of the highest encomiums that 01 can be pronounced upon any young or man worthy of it is to say that he is a true gentleman. There is a word of tier meaning in the term. It means more on, than mere politeness. It is more than vaa strict conformity to written rules of the best fashionabje etiquette. One jL may be faultless in bis adherence to the best form of social behavior, and ?8" yet lack much of the true gentleman, ant true gentleman is the sou! of honply or, is beautifully candid, is deeply considerate of the rights of others, is quick to acknowledge his own faults rather than lay them on others, and consult the good of others, rather than seek his own preferment. The true gentleman is known by his strict sense of honor, by his sympathy, his gentle ta ness, ins luiutaiaucc uuu uw ^cuciudift* ty. He is essentially a man of truth, I speaking and doing right at all times, ' not merely in private behavior. Truthfulness is moral transparency. Hence the true gentleman promises nothing he has not the means of performing. He never breaks his word, for he scorns to lie, in word or deed, ami is ready to brave all consequences rather thaii debase himself by falsehood. No dishonest man is a true gentleman, nor is he who purposely takes advantage of another, whether the latter be a foe or a friend. The ^ true gentleman does by others as he would have others do by him. 4'?re of KUoe*. sh ^ Water is the worst enemy of the . boot or shoe, making it harsh, rough, . aud painful to the foot. The cause of this trouble is that the leather shrinks "* and hardens in drying; but this may be ig- avoided by a little care. On good aug thority it is said that if a wet or damp hfl shop bp t'ikpn off nn rnmincr into t.liH rst house, aud tilled with oats, the grain n- will absorb the moisture, while at the 0f same time, by swelling gently, it will . a prevent the shoe from shrinking aud losing its shape. This is a standard " treatment among the farmers, and is 7? equally as effective in the case of ladies 111 fine shoes as with their heavy boots, n- Where shoes have become hard aud by dry, the natural tone of the leather iu- may be restored by the application of paraffine?for which vaseline forms a n> handy and very effective substitute. es _ Avoid sleeping in an undergarment that has been worn during the day. If y~ the change from woolen underware to be a cotton night dress produces a chilly ^ sensation, then provide oue of soft, ;ly light llannel. Such a garment has the ed additional advantage of requiring less bedclnthing.