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oil! n.WM'l.W, SYSTEji. i COL. YOU WAN 5 DELVES DEEPER INTO THESU3JECT. <>olil, Its I'so unci Abuse?Silver, Its Stability of VaJw?Suicidal I'olicy of :i Siujlle Mrtul S.'aii.lanl?YWaHhy J Jobber*. To the Kditor of The State?In my last article it was my purpose to show that the tlivf-rjrenee in t!ir> bullion vnl1 *1 ^ 4 2 unit W'K ue 01 me siiver sum ...... not in.; you ssy) due to :t drop in silver, but to arise in gold. i?y comparing the two metals directly, one wilh the other, wo cannot tell which metal is changing in ^alue: the situation may be compared to a depot, where there are two trains, one of which is in motion; a passenger may he sitting; in one of these trains looking directly yt the other, he cannot tell which train is moving: but by withdrawing his gaze from the other train and observing the surrounding objects, he can very readily ascertain which of the two is in motion?so with gold and silver, we have to compare them with other values, and in doing so, we find that silver has maintained a uniform ratio of value and general parity of measurement in property values: while gold has more than doubled its purchasing power, measuring more than twice as much in property values now as it did in 187".'). In 1873 they were both considered 100 cents dollars in bullion value; the silver dollar measured by property is worth the same in bullion value now that it was in 1S73; while the gold dollar is more than twice as valuable. Therefore, measured by property the silver is the 100 dollar and the ?rold dollar, which is twice as valuable, is a two hundred cent dollar. The gold unit, as the standard of value is unreliable and dishonest, constantly anticipating in value and increasingin its measurement of property, it violates the equity of every contract, where payment is deferred, and enhancing the value of all money and money obligations, it proportionately increases the burdens of all debts, taxes and lixed charges, depresses the price of all the products of labor and depricates the value of every species of property?to such an extent has it disturbed property values, as in many instances to amount almost to virtual confiscation. The question one is now asked on every hand, not by he idle, the thriftless and incompetent, but by energetic, sagacious and ;utiierto successful men of business, is not what shall I do to make money, 01* accumulate more property, but how shall I manage under existing circumstrnces (under the propitious influences of the bankers "honest gold dollar," "sound gold dollar," "full value money of the world") to hold what I have already acquired? As stated in my last article, it is my purpose in this, to discuss the propriety of maintaining in this country a system of finance based 011 the European standard, a policy which can not command a single sound argument in its favor; but against which can be readily presented the most serious and weighty objections. The disengenuous argument, that any variation of the standard between this country and the gold standard nations of Europe, uvMiifl unsettle our exchanges and prove a great disaster, so persistently advanced by the leaders of the monometallic system, are directiy refuted by the experience from 1SG5 to 1879, a period of fourteen years, when we had neither a gold nor a silver dollar, but a variable, inconvertible paper dollar; a dollar which ranged in specie value from 42 cents up to par. During that period our exchanges were conducted with the same facility as now, ami so far from being disastrous, we were much more prosperous than now, and were importing gold instead of exporting it. It is frequently claimed that an inconvertable legal tender paper money is superior fordomestic circulation to a metallic currency. Says Prof. Walker: "Limited circulation, noil ex portability?then may be regarded as of the esscnce of this monev." "Let it be remembered," said tfie Continental Congress in their address to the people, September 13th, 1779, "that paper money is the only kind of money which cannot 'make f urinsvo nnt/i f and f I OAVOV ' Tt fO- ! mains with us; it is ever ready and at hand for the purpose of commerce or taxes, and every industrious man can find it." Mr. Duncan in speaking of his school of political economy, savs: "It affirms that every independent State is entitled to isSlie legal tender for its own internal purposes, in discharge of private debts and public taxes, within its own realm; such legal tender not possessing intrinsic value, but only a conventional value derived from the authority of the State which calls it into existence. "Thus secure of being always kept within the realm of the State which created it, this legal tender would be the special monetary instrument by which all fiscal obligagationsandmerca utile liabilities would r discharged at home." On Currency, p. 28, Mr. Wells in his tract "Robinson Crusoe's Money," makes the following citations to the sameetiect: "'Jtfeyonuinesea, m iureign lands, it (the greenback) is fortunately not money; but when have vre had such a long and unbroken career of prosperity in business as since we adopted the non-exportable currency?'' Comparing the arguments of the leaders of the monometallic system when speaking in favor of heavy tariffs to restrict our commerce with the gold standard nations of Europe, with those used when advocating the adoption and maintenance of the gold standard to preserve and advance these exchanges, we note such a contradiction as to destroy all confidence in their operations. When they argue in favor of heavy tariffs to shut out the commerce of these nations; that they may be empowered to monopolize the markets of the South and \\ est and levy heavy taxes upon them to enrich their manufacturers?they point to these nations as miserable despotisms, where the people arc not free? tney portray in grucsumo vuwia v.?v. ubject poverty and wretchedness of the masses of these people and raise their hands in holy horror at the bare idea of placing the ''free American laborer" on the same industrial plane as the pauper labor of Europe. They even point to Engl nd as a country in which the condition of the depressed and helpless mas*."* is r .1 deplorable (i'1 per cent, of liiem :ii.i;i4? paupers) as to excite the sympathy of mankind. But when they wish to plunder the South and West by doubling and quadrupling their dollars, which they have wrung from ihem by iniquitous tun laws, and dcpifH-s the price of the: cotton and wheat, they point to thes nations as models of grandeur an glory. They say. behold Enghuu she should be our cxamplar. by 11: adoption of the gold standard she h: brought universal prosperity upouln people?the gold standard bur; mud her the financial and commercial cei terof ihe world. To hear these magnanimous slai.men of the Northeast, when advoea ing legislation to double and qundri ])le their money ami credit-:, despit the* fact that these same ineasuri load the nation with debt and strai i if : i gle her great industries. uweinng wn assumed senlimentaiitr on the sac it duty of maintaining invi?>!:ite the n: tioiial credit and national honor, a:i preserving free from and unfellero ity any financial obstructions our e: changes with the great trading natioi of Europe, one would never suppo: that, these were the self-same patrio who, when enually intent on robbin the South and West by tariff's, had a gued in favor of the American systei and for the building of a Chinese wa around the United States to s!n these gold standard nations out. S Archibald Allison, a man of groat ii telleetual force, of a philosophic tur of mind and superb attainments, wli had given to history and the econom of nations the study of a lifetime and who, perhaps, had a more eon prehensive knowledge of the 'true sc mi nf linniinn than anv writer f his age. lias told us that the great ol jects of a currency are to be ad' quate and retainable, and that tl greatest possible mistake which ca be committed in regard to the circi luting medium are to establish it o a basis which is either too narrow < liable to fluctuation?that no natio should base its entire circulation on retentions of the precious metals, an that any nation which did so restc its circulation on a double set of dai gers because "being the most covete and precious of all articles, they ai universally acceptable, and are moi readily received than manufactun or other merchandise in payment c foreign importations or in liquidatio of foreign loans;"' that a correct syi tem of linance requires a double cu rency, one convertible on demand int the precious metals for conducting fo eign exchanges, the other not so cot vertible, to sustain domestic industr ?the latter currency subject to expat sion in proportion {o the abstractio of gold. ]Restriction to adequacy and noii-c: novtabilitv arc tiie only means b which a nation can give that stc:.d ness and uniformity to its circulatio which will maintain the security an steady value of property, and slimi late to their full capacity its businef activities, by insuring to well-directe effort the certainty of its just re wan This encouragement alone to the pre ductive agencies of a people cangiv that impetus to investment, to entei prise, of energy and industry which ii sures general prosperity. A currenc based on the retention of the precic.u metals is liable to drainage, by p:.>:i or war, in any nation or nations c su.'Jicient importance to create an c> tensive and stringent demand forthci metals. It is liable to expansion c onnAwlinrr frv t lip Off UUniKlL'liUlJ, JiUbniVVV\/lUiug vnv vv/> nomic demands which may aviso i its own territory, but according to ill influx or cflux of these metals?sul jecting the business element to tiia fluctuation in values which render all undertakings uncertain, wliic chilli? enterprise and investment an paralyzes industry. These objections were considered b Alison as sufficient obstacles to thi system of finance when the basis res ed on the coinage of both metals; the nowapply with more than double fore when the basis has been reduced on< half by confining the coinage to go] alone. Gold, in universal request, th most desirable of all articles, with a the great nations struggling for tli lion's share, too narrow by far in vo ume for the basis of the circulatin medium required by the business c the commercial world, it moves fevei ishly h'ther and thither wherever tli exigencies and demands are creates! leaving contraction, bankruptcy an ruin in it wake. The manipulator of finance for the purpose of doublin and trebling the value of their moue and money obligations are contim ally adding to the superstructure c this system of linance, already toj heavy, by spreading the gold slam ard over nation after nation? increa: ing the demand for gold and augmcni ing its value; they are compelling tli people of every gold standard natio to depress their labor and reduce tli price of their products so as to mules bid the necessities of any other golc using country. A distinguished United States Set: ator has just stated, in debate, that negotiation has been very recent! concluded between the Rothchildsan the Russian government which pre vides that the former shall furuisl $75,000,000 in gold, to be locked up i the war chest of the latter, and thn Austria is preparing to add ?50,000,0(1 more in gold to her reserve. Coup] this statement with the fact that tli Federal treasury reserve is now bein rapidly depleted by European d< mands for gold and that the Unite States will soon be compelled to coun terbid by additional issues of gol bonds, and we behold?what!1 Th yellow metal placed 011 the vendu block to be bidden for by the wealthie: and most powerful nation; and as tli bidding puts up the price of the meU of final redemption, down goes tli value of all property and the price c all the products of labor, heavic grows the burden of all debts, an more desperate and hopeless becomc the condition of the producing ma: ses. Our guileless Federal Commissione of Agriculture, in blissful ignorant of the charge committed to his ollicii care, may congratulate the goven ment on the low price of our agrieu tural exports because their cheapne: will attract foreign gold aid maintai Atnftriwin monometallism: and .Joh Sherman and men of his ilk, who ar willing to sacrifice to licentious gree and corrupt venality the great indiu tries of their country may commen the gold standard and coolly recon mend the struggle for its inaintcuani by the sacrifice of our agricultural e: ports to discount Euro]>ean gold and tl; industrial servitude of the producers UUb llic iaiillt'lD, JlV/>> l uu uvvu in last straits, with their products at o:.. third of their former value, standi)) iu the deepening shadows of consult ing mortgages or already occupy ing tli position of tenants on land which \v.r once their own, will no longer subm to occupying the position of the ra? hitched in the thickct, to be sacrilice for the idle holders of money an !I" money obligations, on the altar of tlv ir gold trust. ;e The shrinkage in the value of prop il erfv under the rapid upwi.rd ilighto 1, goid is so great as to amount in man; ie instances to almost virtual conliseu is tion. So rapid arc the changes and si r g.'eat th? dislocation of prices as t [e render impossible anything like a sta i- ble adjustment of the relationshi] which sliould exist between the diffei s- ent elements that constitute the busi f- ness activities of a people. Undc i- present conditions, universal apprc lo hensiou and disirnst prevail; so fa \s from engaging in enterprise and in i- vestment, the prcvading sentimen h even among our most successful busi d ness men, islo stake down and try ain i- hold what they have made; nothing i id exported to pay, or deemed safe, wliicl .) it limlci* the blifht of fall <- iug values. Of our sixty billions o is exchanges. !?0 per cent, rests on conli se donee and this confidence is based o: !.s our vclume of ?1.{50(1,000,000, and $1, g 100,000,000 of this money depends fo r- filial redemption on the slender Treaf ii ury reserve, often under ?100,000,00 11 in gold. This gold is unprotected?o it all the nations, ours is the only on ir which in this intense struggle for th i- scarce metal of liual redemption n leaves its gold open to be looted b ,o every government and capitalist o v Europe. Consequently, we see ou e, gold shipped day after day by the lc i- cal connections of European houses i- and as the Treasury reserve is deplete! >f millions upon millions of gold bond b- have to be sold to replenish it, loadinj e- our nation with debt and impoverish ic iug our people. Over this slender basi n of final redemption, the gold standan i- gives England a practical lieu on tw< 11 OllllOn OJ illlll'l'icail scuunnu, luibv >r fourths of tlicsc payable in gold, an< 11 places her in the position of credito a 011 call; in less than thirty days sh d can drain us of our gold and complete d ly destroy our financial system. i- Acting in accordance with Judg d B raw lev's theory, that in all financia e legislation we should seekinformatioi *e from the bankers, our public men hav is sought advice from the great bankinj )f princes of the Northeast, and tlics 11 representatives of the American brand s- of the gold trust have not stickled t< r- sacrifice their country to their owi .0 paltry pecuniary interests by recom r- mending and enforcing a policy o 1- finance which has strangled great in y dustries, crippled Jier resources unci 1 i- fast impoverishing' the masses of lie 11 people. A policy which has placed ii the hands of English capitalists th stability of our currency and finance y gives them complete control over oui [. foreign exchangesand the power to fi. n the price of our exports. d Never in the history of the worl< i- has there been a more forcible illustra tion of the thinking, interested fev d robbing the ignorant, unthinkini 1. many. These men first neutralize! >- the natural advantages of this countr c by taxing with tariffs its agriculture r- to bestow bounties on its manufactur x- ers; this, .Mr. JJlaine in his "Twenty y Years in Congress,'' styled "cnlight i.s encd selfishness." When, throujjl c the masked agency of legislativedivid ends, they had acquired the currency i- of the nation, they then joined tin ir moneyed interest of Western Europe t< "* * C il. ir plunder tue prouucuvc masses ui un ). civilized world, by striking down sil n ver and forming the gold trust. Thi e was nothing more or less than "en lightened robbery." In the languagi it of Sisinoridi, "they have added tin s dangerous weapons of the banks to tin h well tempered arms of protection." el The capitalists of Western Europe with the Rothschilds and the Bank o y England in the van, are robbing civi is ligation; our Northeastern capitalist: t- are robbing the South and West, giv v ing the lion's share of the plunder t< :e Western Europe in the shape of 51 ?. cents wheat and 5 cents cotton. Tiiesi d leaders of the American branch of tin e gold trust at the last extra session o II Congress, asseverated that if Congrcs: o would repeal the purchasing clause o 1- the Sherman act that confidence woult g be restored, our local money bags un ?f tied, European capital would How in - our great staple products would ad (? VilliUU MUU UlU tuuuu v itjjiUI1 na I'I'J.J t. i>crity. Of course, Congress did wha (1 they said. What was the result Wen s their predictions fulfilled? Not at all cr Silver immediately dropped as com y pared with gold about 30 per cent, i- and with it down went our great staph >f products; and now with bankruptcy )- and ruin staring us in the face, the^ I- igain come unblushingly to the fron i- and declare if Congress will luml tin L- Treasury notes into gold bonds, give e them the interest on these bonds anc ii furnish them again the same amoun e of notes to lend out and m ike a sec *- ond interest, that the country will re I- gain its lost prosperity. They go even further and say that the great drop ii value has made the silver certificat< a virtually a silver greenback and squin y at their retirement in the samemannei with ii view of linally loading oui j. coined and uncoined silver on th< x govenrment to be disposed of at gov n eminent risk in the sea of commodi lt ties. U Their ultimate object is very plain e to remove from the monetary sober* e all government paper and silver anc g confine our currency entirely to ^olc j- and notes of National banks. No oik d beyond the A, B,C of linauce need b< i- told that this would result in a papei d despotism,autocratically controlled bj e the National banks. The gold stand e ard, we are informed by such leading jt European doctrinaries of the goh ,e trust, as Dr. Broch, Alfred De Roth il schild and Sir Rivers Wilson, is main ie tained to put the price of monev uj >f and the price of the products of laboi >r down, to keep turning the screw ot d the productive masses of the civilizec ?s world. Its purpose was very frankh s- stilted a short time since by the lead ing exponents of the system, the Lon T don Economist, commenting on tin !c recommendation of the German Em jj peror to establish banking bureaus, t< j. assist the farmers to tide over the hart j. times, remarked that the German Em jS peror misunderstood the situation u that this was 110 temporary crisis; bu n as capital was friendly to strong gov ,0 er.i.u.-nt, it had to be sustained, am j that .:s Democracy found its home i: j. the rural sections, the agricultura j classes would have to be forced t< take a lower position in the socia ... sealr>. c- They speak more plainly in Europe ie where the masses are held down b> ;; bayonets and double-shotted gatlinj i? guns, and the people have been aeeus > tomed for ages to being despoile d aiu o oppressed by the mailed hand of des i- potic power; but over here where tin ie people are ;et politically free and an is allowed to vote, they disguise the rob it bery and oppression under the senti n mental cant of National honor and in d tegrity and such clever catch-phrase; d, as "honest money,"' "sound money,' e Previous to the partial liberation of the masses by the influx of the prei cious metals from the newly iliscovf ered West, Macauley divided the iny habitants of Europe into two classes? the beasts of burden and the beasts of 0 prey. A little over a century ago, t> Thomas Jefferson spoke of them as being divided into two classes?wolves p and sheep. They are now divided into - two classes?the nobility and gentry i- and the commons and peasants, r The free institutions of this country have long been a standing menace to r the crowned heads of Europe: and i- one important feature of the gold t trust us foreshadowed by the London i- Economist i.s a combination of the tl monarchical and monetary agencies s of the civilized world to repress Deli mocracy. Wise in statecraft, as well I- as versed in all the subtle powers <>f f finance, the projectors and custodians i- of this gigantic scheme <>f plunderand ti subjection well know that the frceholder is the natural supporter of a r free government, and that it should >- be the policy ol Keptibliban govern0 ments to multiply them. Tliey likcf wise know that the "tenant, having e in fact no country, no hearth, no doe mcstic altar, no household god,"' has i, no patriotism, no spirit of independy ence, and is careless and indifferent to >f his surroundings; consequently to adr vance monarchy the policy should be i- to multiply tenants; and one of the >, intents, as well as the inevitable lenl1 dency of this scheme, is to undermine s the freeholder and absorb the land. % During the seven years of plenty. - Pharoah, under the administration of s the wise young Hebrew, garnered up il the excess of production, and during 0 the seven succeeding years of famine !- let it out at such rates as to destroy ;1 the land tenure in Egypt. The plunr der of the world, which found its way c to the coffers of the Roman patricians, i- gave birth, says Prof. Elanqui, to a most odious system of usury?a syse tem which finally transmitted those 1 lmrdv husbandmen whose robust vir i tues conquered the world into a set of e cringing bondsmen and concentrated * in a few hands the lands of Italy. It e was the appropriation of the land as \i the absolute property of their chief3 tains which gradually turned the desi cendants of free and equal Gallic, Teutonic and Hunnish warriors into f colonii and villains, and which l- changed the independent burghers of s Slavonic village communities into the r boors of Russia and the serfs of Foi land; which instituted the feudalism e of China and Japan; as well as that of Europe. r It was the gold standard of 181(5 and K the contraction resulting from the resumption act of 1SJ0 that doubled the I wealth of the fundholders and reduced " the freeholds of England from 160,v 000to 30,000. Doubling the tariff, af? tcr the withdrawal of the Cotton 1 States from the Union, gave the f Northeastern manufacturers the war e obligations of the nation. These obli- ; " gations they more than doubled in 7 value by legislation, and then by 1 ' joining the gold trust and striking ' 1 down silver they quadrupled them. * Today we are informed by the most f reliable staticians that 33,000 of them 1 2 own three-fifths of the wealth of tins ' 3 country, consisting of 3,500,000 square ! c nines aim vu,uuu,uuu 01 uiuuuiuuiu*; " and under present financial conditions ' 3 it is only a question of a very short ! time before the interest on their sccur3 ities will absorb the remainder. 5 The condition of this country is very 1 3 similar to that discovered by the ' French oflicers on their march to i Cairo, existing between the Egyptians f and the Mamelukes. To their ques- ( * tions, the Egyptians replied as follows: s Whose garden is that? The .Maine- ' lukes'. Whose palace.' The Mame- 1 5 lukes1. Whose fields of grainThe J Mamelukes'?indeed, the Mamelukes 1 3 were the proprietors and the Egypt- ' 3 iatis theii; slaves. The gold trust t owns our railroads, our telegraph s lines, our steamship lines, onr vacant f lands, our mineral lands, the mort1 gages over the real estate of the South and West and they hold nearly all of . the creditors, puunc ana privaie. ui : the two, I must confess to more iidrni- j ration for the Mamelukes; they set cured their plunder at least in a more ' 2 open and manly way, by virtue of superior valor and the sharpest swords. The gold trust prosecuted . their robbery stealthily, under cover 3 of legislative artifice and financial ' craft, and won by hypocrisy, senl.i< mental cant and simulated integrity, t and many apprehend by bribery and 2 corruption. The farmer, as a produ' cer of the raw material, stands at the 1 base line and has to shoulder a double I portion of these burdens: and as (lie - dollar grows larger and larger, and the - price of his products less and less, his i chances to redeem his obligations are i being constantly dimished under the , - increasing weignt or auverse legisia- | t tion. They are rapidly sinking1 be- ] r neath the wave, their title deeds are ; passing out of their hands, and this . J government, merely to enrich the - holders of money and money obli- , - gations by a vicious system of li nance, is rapidly destroying a class of citi- j , zens which has always been regarded ; as a nation's pride and defense?the [ backbone and main stay of free insli- , 1 tulions. Our government, in its suii cidal policy, dictated by the tarill' bar- ; i ons and mcrcliant princes of the r Northeast, of maintaining the Europe- | 7 an standard and placing our money - on a naritv with that of Europe, is r fast reducing8S percent, of our peo- , 1 pic to a parity with the pauper masses - of Europe. i On this line I shall quote Bryan: 1 "To make a money that is common to 1 t* several nations, is to set up a huge < 1 auction block, upon which prices will I olliciate as a heartless and soulless auc I f tioneer. The money will be knocked I " down to those who bid the most for < " it ot' their labor or its productions. < J The highest bidders for the money '< * will ever be those whose necessities I } arc the greatest * * * I, among these. 1 several nations having the same kind 1 " of money, in fact or in principle, there ! ? is even one nation whose institutions i t are such as enslave the masses U> an : j aristocracy who own the capital and i 1 the laud, then that curse spreads itself | 1 inevitably over all the other nations. I( 1 The necessities and miserable coiuli} tion of that people forces them to olVer l 1 the most of their labor or its prodnc- i tions for the money. As the money , Hows to them, their condition rises, i r they prosper. But those from whom r it ebbs, sink. Nor can any human ' - power arrest their sinking condition t 1 until they have reached a point whe-j i - their necessities make them the highj est bidder for the money. "A ( 5 system of money common to i several nations guarantees two things: i First, that the condition of the prod- i - ucing and industrial classes will be ] s about the same in each and all, and < ' the condition of these classes fixes the < A condition of fully 85 per conl. of th? totalpopulation. Money docs not con stitute a. nation's wealth; it consists o its lands, its farms, its factories, its in ternal improvements, its industries its busines activities; money is merely tiic instrument that measures thi> wealth and effects its interchange. T< secure the wholesome discharge o these functions, power was given t< Congress by the Constitution tocontvo it; but unfortunately for the public our Congress has shows itself to be ut terly ignorant of the true laws of (in ance. and in its ignorance has adoptee the theory of Judge Bravvley, to appb for information to th'i very partie: whose interest, Mr. Calhoun tells us is directly antagonistic to the iuteres of the public. Indoctrinated with the English idea of finance, the leaders o * - ? % ? 1 . ..r> -.1, nil* Ulillit'U UL ti 1X3 gum bi u.7 thoroughly understand the science o money, and using tliis knowledge which thoy seem to monopolize in thi country, for their own selfish purpose have realized fortunes, by the ruin o their country, beyond previous imaginations. If it were not so ruinous it would bi comical to observe the conditions o our public officials as they flounder ii their ignorance over the perplexities presented by the monkeyings of tin gold trustwitli the treasury reserve Tin gold trust has made them regard tin 100,000,000 of gold in this country a? a fetich which should be retained al all hazards. Our great industries ari being strangled, our property confis cated, honest men by thousand: forccd into bankruptcy, our people de nied honest employment and grinding povertj staring 75 per cent, of then in the face, yet the gold standard, tin European money standard,. must bi maintained, despite the fact that tin leading European advocates of the sys tern openly avow that.its object is t< make money a monopoly and reduc< the producing masses to industria servitude. Owning or holding a inort gage over every species of property that promises a safe investment, tliej are now running a kind of confident game with the Federal treasury tr force unlimited issues of gold bond: which, in the shape of liens on the en ergy and industry or future ffenera tions, shall furnish them safe invest rncnts for their constantly accruingin terest. Verily, it has been said of thcs< men that "they care nothing for tlicii country or the public, that they havr no politics but plunder and no princi pies but the spoliation of the human race." I shall close this article with a quo tation from Mr. Webster: "Sir, le the system Cof the gold trust) go on and we shall soon not know our coun tvi* Woclmll er>r? a now -VinprifJl < )l the map -where those United State: have stood we shall sooa behold i country that will be .' range to us. W< shall sec a class of idle rich and a clas of idle poor, the former a handful, tta latter a host. We shall no longer be hold a community of men with spirit ill active and stirring, contributing 'ill of them, to the public welfare whili they partake in it, pushing on thei fortunes and bettering their own con ilitiou and helping to swell, at the same time, the c up of the general pro spcrily to overflowing. We shall sec no more of that credit which reaches Dutits hand to honest enterprise of tha certainty of reward which cheers or 11? x. ii x l -.1 lauor 10 uie utmost strutuu 01 nd am jws; of that personal and individua independence which enables everj man to say that 110 man is his masto1* * * :!t The ruin of occupation; distress for present means; the prostration oi credit and confidence; and all this without hope of improvement 01 ?hange is a slate of things which 11c intelligent people can long endure.'' In my next article I shall deal witli the Populist and Alliance theory o; sonliningour paper issues entirely tc L"enteral treasury notes. L. W. Youmaxs. Fairfax, S. C., Feb. 2. Ilclllgerent Senators. Washington, Feb. 9.?'There wer< \ sensational episode on Wednesday in the Sew ate as soon as tl sessior opened. Mr. Mitchell, Republican o Oregon, rose to make a report on cer tain sugar bounty claims on which lift cowl lio rlnaii'pr] in mnlcfi a brief ex planation. "There will have to be an explana lion when the subject comes up," in erposed Mr. Harris, Democrat of Ten (lessee, "so that it will only be a waste il time to have an explanation now. J therefore objoct." Mr. Mitchell urged that the expla nation would not take three minutes but Mr. Harris shook his head. "Then," said Mr. Mitchell, will: growing impatience, "I will not make the report. I will withdraw it. It i; most extraordinary that Senators can not submit a brief explanation, if the} >o desire. It is remarkable." Mr. Mitchell's words were snapped ;>ut vehemently. uTi. +lm QAimfAW fr 1L1S Iiccuicsn llll uic 1H.IIU1UI n protest," said Mr. Harris. "I object. :Viul I emphasize it?I object." '"Then, I withdraw the report," de ilared Mr. Mitchell. "Withdraw it then," exclaimed Mr, Harris, defiantly. Mr. Mitchell showed intense irrita Lion at the defiance, and raising hi.< yoice, he said to Mr. Ha: ris: "The action of the Senator is unusual,most unusual." "I want the Senator to understand," retorted Mr. Harris, measuring eacli word, "that 1 am capable of doing un usual things and am responsible foi bring unusual things." "Yes." answered Mr. Mitchell, his [lushed face showing intense indignation, "I appreciate that the Senator is apable of doing unusual things," and lien Mr. Mitchell added: "And he i.ilso capable of doing ungentlenianl v things." ? 1 P - 1 C .Air. Hams sicppeu iorwain irum lis desk and for a moment it seemed Jiat he was goini' to resent the stateneiit. Ho paused, however, and with i gesture Inward Mr. Mitchell and adtrussing Jiim directly, s.id: 'Let me tell you, sir, that your conlut't is contemptible?contemptible." The presiding ollieu'had been rap >ing vigorously as the controversy iroceeded. "The Senators must j>roceed in orler," he repeated. The colleagues of the two angry Senators gathered about them, ami heir indignant postulations coutinued u sul)dued tones. The presiding ollicer directed the jlerk to proceed n'ilh other business, md the incident was summarily dosed. Mr. Mitchell moved about the ear of the chamber reiterating his n-otcsts; while Mr. Harris sat at his lesk apparently unmoved by the sharp jxchange of personalities. f" PLANS OF THE~EXBM\\ - j [coMTLvrnn from pa<;k one. J f We recommend that wherever men ; of thiil kind are suggessod, tiiey be > voted for by all Republicans regardt' less of their party or f:ictioij;il -> arices; and that our voles be given to 1 men whom we can trust and men trie . masses of people can trust, and who . | will feel that we are all citizens of .! South Carolina, having rights and inI to rests to be guarded by the fundu. ].l W ,iC ) llll s i We invito all patriotic and thinking ,; people of all per lies and classes to join t in this patriotic effort. ; j Let the Republicans begin iiumedifatelv the work of organizing. Jt is t; their duty and privilege now to do a fj great work for the State which has f j been in so many respects a hard mats; tcr to them, and we do not believe they s will Jliuch. Let them rally and do f> their part like men, trusting to the . sense of justice and the intelligent self! interest of the people to make their 3 j final appeal effective. fj The Democratic party has been rei j pudiated by the country and by those 5 in this State who have claimed to re3 present it. Its record in New York and 3 elsewhere and the charges against its 3 administration brought from responsii ble sources have stopped it from claimt ing to be the representative and guar3 dian of political purity. The cries . of "white supremacy*' and negro rule s are simply exhausted bugaboos which - win irigmen no man wnu 111111119, uuu r are used only by shallow partisans for 1 purposes of deceit. The Republican j masses of South Carolina will rally ? once more for the liberties and rights 3 of the people, the safety of the State . and for the maintenance of Republican > principles of free government ? This address constituted the chief 1 work of the convention. There was a . good deal of talk about registration, j but no action was taken except to urge r the colored people to register. 3 After several speeches, the address > was adopted, only one dissenting vote 5 being heard. Capt. L. D. Melton of Columbia was . chosen State Chairman of the Republi. can party in South Carolina. It will be observed thatth# action of 3 the convention involves the retirep ment of Mr. A. E. Webster from ? leadership. His faction and the Bray. ion faction have been at war for a L good long time. Duped by a Swindler. t Mariana, Fla., February 0.?Some time ago a negro named Willis Gor' don came here, representing himself 1 as agent for a Liberian coloni;- -. ion g society. He proposed to transport net grues to Liberia at ?1 per head. He see cured hundreds of dollars and left, s telling the negroes that a train would 3 arrive for them last Saturday. The _ negroes sold all their possessions at a g sacrifice and quartered at the depot Saturday to take the train to begin 3 their journey to Liberia, but no train came. When the negroes realized . that they had beeu duped they became , almost frenzied. There were fully 1 2,000 negroes?men, women and chil; drcn?gathered at the depot, and had 5 notSlierill' Finlayson arrived on the ^ scene a riot would probably have rel suited. The Sheriff summoned a posse . and finally succeeded in dispersing 1 the negroes. Many of them are no;v ? without homes and possessions, and will suffer as a result of Gordon's rasj calily. They vow that they will [ lynch Gordon if he ever reappears in s Jackson county. Gordon claimed to ? be from Birmingham, Ala. ' For Clirl?tm;iri l W>:?. The close of the nineteenth and the ' dawn of the twentieth eenturies are to 1 be celebrated by the ringing of the > Peace and Liberty Bell in Jerusalem. The committee having in charge the celebration has invited the Peace Bell Committee to meet in the Holy Land Christmas Eve. ISO'.), on the spot where the shepherds received the mesi sage, "Glory to God in the Highest." r The corner-stone of the great temple to t be erected in the Holy Land will be , laid at the same time. It is proposed to have the bell connected with the ' cables reaching to all parts of Iho , earth. Then a half-hour before the . time set all telegraphic business is to be snspendpd and every system con nected witli the Jerusalem wire. i'Jvery " congregation in Christendom will be - assembled in its place of worship, and . when the boll is rung the message, ; "Peace on earth" will be Hashed over [ the world at the same moment. WliHt Weaver Say*. , Dux ICR, Feb. 0.?The News publishes an interview with General James i>. L Weaver, who declares "we are face to , face with the greatest crisis ever 5 known in the life of this republic." ! "The President," General Weaver , adds, "allures the money powers of two hemispheres to his standard by [ openly proposing to plunge the people into endless debt by destroying ( their money and by promises of further grants of corporate privileges. He utters his edict of outlawry against . silver, the more plentiful money of the world, takes counsel of the titled money changers of Europe and coolly advises the American republic to fall . into the procession behind the despot5 ism of the old world in the march of civilization." Forty-Four Lives L<?t. Paris, Feb. 4.?A dispatch received at 11 o'clock this evening from Mont1 ceau-Les-Miues says that lifty-two | men were in the mine at the time of the explosion. Of the eight taken out ' > - * - : i anve. oniy iwu wurc uuiujuruu. xu?: 5 number of lives lost is now* jriwn as | forty-four. The bodies which have ' been removed are burned ixyond v<:| cognition. RICE MlLLbT Wa cUt a cociaift > It*-:*-* '-i ill i* orse rawijin*. l r:?iia;i nr :t pUcv;(3 <n ixipy r <) .' cVsiwS w> p ?!si;-j~- f a'jy fi r b'Q net*. M?chmecsa .?<? v. :f*. pj .v?r ?.*!'? vi! Ci" 100 oasueh or ro'jji'Ji nee pvr Vay. CORN 'MILLS Or?!;o la'ppt de?i?oj. vi'rfhv! bo?J'/:33?a!, ioubi" ?jrf s:r^v ;? > i ? Mil *. Saw Muls. F.ns'uos, (ri; & ROii Ufir'i-'H, ; Ig W ort working tnai'biricrj ; V.^.nv C'LOM't-A. ?>:. _. NEVER DELAYED A .1 PAYMENT. NEVER COMPROMISED A CLAIM. NEVER HAD A 1 5 LAlfSUIT. Such Is i'i-3 record of the STAUNTON LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, V' Numbers o? Eencficiaries Testify to Its Promptness anil Souadne-s. Va.aral I'reaiiuai Insannso on th9 mos Approved Plaus. The :<e\v "Coupon Policy" of the Stann ton Life i; a model of simplicity. In addl''0!> to at! the best features of modern life i ii?ua;:c* it provides for the payment of . ths 'cou'.'oo" IMMEDIATELY after ^ death, without notice or the formall ty of pi oof;' Tbe''coupon" covers 10 per " tvat. oC tiie face of the policy, and is in addition thereto. A'^oti wanted. Liberal Commission Live mca caa nuke bit; money. A-iorc-jS Jno. S, Raynolds, General Agent-, !?. c, This Handsome Rattan ROOKEB, worth the world over $5.00, will bt sent to any person who will send ? $1.85. Six Cane Seat CJIAIRS, finiflMd light, worth $1.00, at 65c. each. 40 yards of Straw Matting $3.90. $10.50 for an Oak Bed, Boms, and Wash Stand to match. Send for Catalogue ol imrmmre, Cooking Stoves, Baby Carriage?, Sowing Machines, Buggies, Lamps, CroA M csry, etc. L. F. PADGETT, *** Broad Street, Augusta, 6*. s 4c: COTTON] h a j-J Makes 4c. PItlCES, even on bj H DIAMfiQ J?? nDnfiM!5 ? [jj r inixuu a unuiniu a L] F^OIMT be discouraged, but 3 "J Lyv_/i> 1 write lor our great |fl Q: Bargain List and Wonderfully jjj rJ Easy Installment Terms. jjj | 4c. PiilCES. | [0 a new Mathusbek P.'aco 950 loo than Rj pj ever before ?old. In ft] $40 Saved on a Sterling Piano. K Voonlff Von? Cnnorfl Phnrtfl tU jj{ at New York give a'vay Prices. fy p Ft/ty New Uprlgtiu?from Best Mak- jfj JQ ers at Cut Prices. [" E Rich Mirror Top Orpin only ?50. KJ #>S SAVE MONEY by buying from the G JJJ Greatest Southern Music Hou?e. |~ | mm & bates, s 3 ? Savannah, Ga. | ftj y-zv etcltnvay Planoa at jfl K q factory Prices. K ^ZS2iiZ5ES325Z5H?ES25Z5H52Bl i