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% ' -nil AN OLD-FASHIONED F?AMOY. I BY MART 8RAW. 3 remember fondly tbe zigzag rail fence Inclosing tbe vast farm, hill and dale; ? Bristling barb-wire is now of more couse quence. But to me give the old-fashioned rail. Xuscious wild berries grow its angles be tween? It was easy to climb or creep through; 3Pbe golden grain had always a ridge of greei By the rail-fenced fields that childhood knew. Nooks to claim 'thont pre-empting, Offered wild berries tempting? And in those days?ah. who could pass by! Tbe ones I recall had corners the rarest, Prom which wild roses nodded good-day, Ab clover-caps lifted, froifc meadows thi fairest, 1 Where wild birds nested, or carolled gay. And barb-wire?well, yes, I know it lb betten Lasting, not easily blown by the breeze, v 'Progressive," all that; yet I'm a regrettei Of the rail fence "going," and not by deI greee. Though far freer from harm Is a barb-wire fenced farm. The children protest, and so do I, Milwaukee, Wis. EEfctislsi S RemarKable Romance. # BY EMILY THORNTON. * CHAPTER XVII. WTHKL KAK.ES A STRANGE BLUNDER. Ethel did not entirely recover from the effects of her fright until after the sight's sleep had served to calm hei serves, and all the evening that followed ?he was excited and scarcely able to con* 4rol herself. When she bade the family good-night and locked herself into her room, in or der to proceed to her nightly task, It was with a dazed feeling and an aching head. Serving herself, for her duty, however, m well as she could, she proceeded to light her candle, and, taking the indispensable knife, she passed through the -wardrobe and passageway into the corridor beyond. Possessing herself of the basket of food, she remembered to fasten the door "Willi me iron cook, u precauuuu ui?t iu? baronet bad charged her always to observe, that by no possibility could she be surprised while accomplishing her task, then, passing onward, she opened the panel as usual, and placed the plate of food upon the shelves. As she did so, she heard distinctly a movement on the other side, which, being rather unusual, for silence alone ordinarily reigned, startled her already excited nerves so much that she leave the shelves the required shove," and, Just as they whirled away, she saw, to hex horror, when It was too late to stop them, that she had dropped the knife Irom her hand, and it bad gone arouod with the food. Breathlessly she waited for the return movement, hoping that the creature vrithin would not observe it, and that it -would come back with the plate. As she waited, a singular, Joua, snrm , noise or cry came from within. , The next moment the shelves had revolved, and the plate alone appeared. Appalled with her own carelessness, and fancying she knew not what as the result, i the terrified, hall' frantic girl could only draw shut the panels with all the expedition possible, and then hastily return the basket, fasten th.* door, and teek the safety of her own apartment ,0b, how she blamed herself for that careless, blundering act, and the more ahe blamed, the more she could not foresee the result of her first false move. What was now hor duty? Should she immediately 6eek the baronet, who was probably asleep by this ' time, and, telling him the mishap, ask what was to be done? Ko! she could not think this course a wise one. The baronet was an exceedingly passionate man. Such a tale, at this hour. would throw him into a whirl or nervous anger, that might cause damage to the "broken hip, the bones of which, all boped, had by this time commenced to anite. She saw, then, at once, that this course would not answer. But would it be well to tell him on the morrow? What could he do if acquainted with the nature of her disaster? ' He could not move from his bed. He could not, or would not crave assistance of any person he knew. It would only distress him, and prove of no avail in the end. , Perhaps, after all, the ape, or whatever the creature was, would do no barm vith the knife. He probably would handle it a little, then drop it, and where it fell, it would lie, unremem-. be red and useless. : Certainly this must be tbe result. She felt she must consider it so, and trust that Providence would direct it all | enethis way, and so allow no harm to hi ue. 1 No sleep visited her weary eyes, until ^ Jong after midnight, she was so unhappy and so unnerved by all the events of the last twenty-four hours, and again and again she prayed that all might go well, and nothing terrible result from the loss of that dreadful knife. Rising with the alarm of the usual bell that rang to awaken the household, the poor girl again commenced to review the problem that had presented itself to be worked, out the night before. Once more N she asked the question: Should she worry Sir Reginald by telling him of the accident that had befallen ker, or should she not? Before deciding positively, she resolved to pay the corridor a morning visit, and by listening, study out if all was going on as usual. This resolve she instantly carried into effect. v Turning once more from her room, jaown the corridor, she placed her ear close to the panel, and listened intently to hear if any movement could be discovered within the concealed room. All was still. Not the faintest motion was perceptible; therefore, feeling greatly relieved, she returned. qu!te sure that all must be well, and firmly resolved to Bay nothing of what had happened, and while keeping silent endeavor to drive toe entire circumstance from her own Bind, and so be at peace. The day passed on as usual, and when night brought her to the shelves sh? asee more found t? her satisfaction silence reigning, and felt that now, in deed, all was right. Poor Ethel! She little knew the fearful consequences yet to ensue from her first, blunder. The third afternoon had arrived, and nothing had transpired to lead her to apprcnend the least trouble from that unfortunate occurrence. She had, therefore, regained the courage she had lost, and was fast driving the entire circumstance from her ipind. This afternoon BIFTlegiriald TiaQ Expressed a wish for music, therefore she had brought her guitar to his bedside, and had sung several ballads for his amusement. M1 think," at length he said, interrupting her, "that U grows cloudy. Please if: v L f llilll I IBP ' T H ??fm l65fe"out, and tell me if a tfaower 19 apjwoaching." Ethel arose at his bidding, and, after examining the sky, returned, saying, as she resumed her seat: "There is, indeed. A very black cloud Is lying in the west, which foretells a hard shower." -."Then put aside rour instrument and draw close To me; as I have some private instructions to give you in regard to a 1- A- U. .1 Ama ?tA new worn \aj ue uuue w-riiigii u mo nv entirely alone?" "We are. Mrs. Fredon left the room to prepare you some nourishment, and your wife and niece are in the grounds," replied Ethel, trembling, she knew not why. "Then listen intently to my instructions. If that storm rages about half-past nine or ten o'clock to-night, you must visit the Haunted Tower and put in motion some machinery I have erected there." "Oh, Sir Reginald," murmured the shrinking listener, "please do not ask that of me." "Shut up! You just attend to my orders, and do what I tell you to do. Never dare dispute my will." The baronet then proceeded to give minute directions for the lighting of cach light, and also for the movements of the frightful and hideous image there concealed. At Its conclusion he remarked: "Do you think you understand every particular of the work I now require to be done?" "I do," replied Ethel; "but, sir, my soul revo'ts from the whole thing. I consider It a wicked deception, and I beg u.. / ?n you 10 excuse me iruxii uuuci ia*wug u. "Who cares what you think about it! No one asked your opinion. Do it you shall, so do not dare to utter another word against it." "Sir Reginald, I have faithfully performed your wishes in regard to feeding the animal, whose life you value so highly,, knowing that to preserve the life of even the least of God's creatures is a duty, but I can see no possible necessity for striving to impose upon the credulity of the inhabitants of this quiet place." "That, I tel! you is my business and not yours," was the angry reply. "You are here simply to attend to my work and I have well paid you for doing so." "I know that; but surely I am at liberty to point out an error in your wishes and judgment. Sir Reginald, this thing that you ask me to do is wrong, and I entreat you to carry it no further. You say you have done this yourself for twentv-five vears: surely that can an swer any purpose you may have to effect by it. Please, then, be satisfied, and let this thing rest!" "I tell you I will not," replied the baronet, fairly purple from rage. "Do you not see that your obstinacy is throwing me into a terrible and injurious excitement? I command you to obey mv wishes.' If you dare refuse, you shall leave my house this night, even though I know you have nowhere to lay your head. Do you hear? "I do!" murmured the distressed girl. "Will you obey?" No answer came, the only reply she could make being a burst of tears. Maddened by her silence and sobs, the baronet started up, until leaning upon his elbow, a thing he had been expressly forbidden to do, as It would jar his hip, he shook his fist violently in her face, while he demanded in fury: "Will you obey?" "I will!" she at last gasped, between her sobs. Poor girl! Seeing his violent excitement, ana rememoenng ner auni s last charges, she dared not refuse. "Then see that you do it," he returned, more calmly, as he sank back with a jroan upon his pillow. Mrs. Fredon having by this time reappeared, Ethel withdrew from his side, wid repaired to her own apartment to weep over her unfortunate lot, and to watch the clouds, hoping that the expected shower might pass around without reaching the spot in which she resided. But her hope was vain! As the evening came, the dreaded :loud approached nearer and nearer, and when 10 o'clock struck, thunder, lightling, wind, and rain were riding furijusly upon, above, and around the earth. There was, therefore, no escape from ihe disgraceful duty that awaited her, >o at her usual time she took the lighted :andle in her hand and started with tear'?il pvpc to nt.tAnri t,n thfi task before her. I CHAPTER XVIII. DR. ELFEN8TEIN MAKES A MOVE. After Dr. Elfenstein had asked pernission of Sir Reginald Glendenning to j search the Haunted Tower he felt ex- | ieedingly puzzled over his future course. Resolved as he was to penetrate the nystery of that place, he could not unierstand how the thing was to be ac:omplished. Sometimes he thought he was foolishly nte rested in, this_ghostlv visitant, but igain his promise to Mr. Eappelye to eximir.e all .the premises, penetrate to md study all the rooms, would return to lis remembrance, and' he felt that this nust be included in that sacred charge. In all his visits to Sir Reginald, alhodgh reserved in manner, his every lerve had been on the alert. He had jeen told that the room occupied by the iresent baronet was the one where Sir Arthur had met his sad fate. Knowing this, be fairly studied that oom. He noted its width, height, and >readth; the height of the two windows rom the floor, the size of those winlows, and particularly he noted the one rom which the rope had dangled that lad been used to lower the body to the jround. He had several times walked to that vindow, as if meditating over his parent's case, and. looked out, surveying he ground below, and the distance from' t to the lake, which was visible through he trees. Then he scrutinized every article of urniture the room contained, from the nassive black-walnut bedstead to a arge, tall wardrobe, of the same ma?rial, that stood opposite the door, and vhich he observed was always locked. Several times be caught' himself wishing le could see its contents, but smiled at lis own curious nature. From this house, which he visited dally n his professional calling, lie often Irove around, examining the stables and tutbuildings, and sometimes slowly went iround the tower to view the ruined )art and to see if he could effect an enrance. One day?it was the one on which ithel started for the eventful walk, he n such a drive noticed a small, wellrodden pathway leading up to a clump >f bushes. Instantly the thought struck lim that behind those bushes, concealed rom view, might be an open passage to he place, although he felt certain there vas no doorway. The more he thought of this the more le was sure it must be the cai-e. Why that well-used path through the jrass if not for some such purpose? Yes; some human feet were in the ia"b1l or entering there, and Le resoivccr o return to the place, under cover of larkness, and investigate those bushes. Full of this discovery, and full of hope hat he might yet penetrate to the mysterious tower, he touched his horse with :he whip and drove hastily away. But just as he emerged again into the amble, he saw Miss Belle Glendenning gazing at him from an upper window, ind felt mortified that she should have aoticed his ride around the premises, as conscience'whispered that it must speak k) hef of a prying nature. _ _ 1 Feeling, however, 'mat ft was done, and could not now be recalled, he passed on, and proceeded to visit the homes of several sick persons who need his advice and assistance. " On bis return it was that he suddenly heard a wild shriek of terror, and looking around, had seen Ethel in that dan- j gerous situation, while the nearing train told of the death awaited her. ? ? 1 t- - 1 3 Springing to tne gruunu, ue uau rushed to her assitance, and had, as we have already said, wrenched apart those stiff fastenings, and drawn her from her peril. Then, with her fainting form clasped | In his arms, he had carried her to a place of safety, a.nd,. .placing . her. upon the grass, lia(T "held her against Ms" Tjreast, ? while he removed her hat, and by fan- 1 ning and rubbing had sought to restore ] animation. ( How lovely she looked to the young j man as she thus lay so quietly in his embrace, her golden hair, which had become . disheveled in his awkwardness, floating 1 around her, with her white chceks, upon 8 which the long, black lashes curled, t nestling so closely against his heart. s He could scarcely refrain from press- < ing his lips to hers, in his deep joy. that r she was saved from the horrible danger j that had surrounded her. But he did refrain, and after she had recovered, and the shoe had been re- 4 pla_ced, and her hair and hat rearranged ( and restored, "he could not overcome a j t?it 1 : Vo ?>?- \,?c < leeiiiJK Ui lUllgllig uu littTU Aiti 11.1 Alio Uirng once more, before he must yield her back, -1 and again banishing her sweet remem- 6 brance, must return to the stern duty he 1 had so solemnly undertaken. 1 Oh, how this spring of love resembleth the j uncertain glory of an April day, Which now shows all the beauty of the sun, and by and by a cloud takes all away. Too well he remembered that he had promised, in the most sacred way, to give himself to the cause of another, to act for him, and to let nothing stand in his lawful way, in order to unravel this mystery. No love, then, must enter his breast! No maiden must divert his mind from his life work, and his vow! But one thing he would do: he would gather her in his arms Just once more, place her in his gig, and carry .her safely back to the Hall, and after that work alone should be his portion. This, then, he proceeded to accom- 1 plish, but her startled look as he caught ^ her up had frightened him, and the fear | 1 of her displeasure had led to the half | j apology he had uttered in his own de- I f fense. I . After he had left her at the Hall it J j was hard to recall his truant thoughts ! to their proper sphere, but with set \ c teeth and a firm resolve he plunged into#| i study and active work in order to be at J t peacc with himself. He then ret irr.ed to the remembrance of the little p; chway he had discovered to the ruins, and determined to visit the place that very night. But a writer has well said that "Man proposes, and God disposes," for he did not go near the place that evening, as a sudden call to visit a person in great agony, several miles away, sent him into an entirely different region, and detained him there awhile. The dragon wing of night o'erspreads the earth, and not until Tbe first opening of the gorgeous east did he return. t The great suffering of this new pa- i tient even detained him by his side until x after midnight the second evening, and a c tfeird time had night folded the earth be- I " fore rerrer came to tiie weary one, ana | , Earle Elfenstein was at liberty to pay | the lonely ruin the desired call. ! 0 I TO BE CONTITOJEP. | j t tempem>toe. : FEAEFUL TO COSTEJIPLAli. y Archbishop Ireland says: "It is fearfi" <> ^ thin|? of it, but in this Nation of the United States over $1,000,000,000 annually are spent J: In the direct traffic in intoxicating liquor. -I besides its being the cause of the waste <>. g much more money. Men are unable to wor> 0 because of injury done to their appetites by drink. Time is absorbed in drinking; th j ^ country's resources are scattered to the wind. a I It would be much better if the money given i] to drink were taken ana cast into me iaice ; at least, it would then leave behind it no harm." ^ . \ DON T RCN THE RISK. A devout old hermit, well seasoned in vir- ^ tue by many years of prayer, was passing a through the city of Alexandria in company with a novice?a young man just beginning. As they came by a wine shop the novice said : xi "Father, let us go in here for few moments, * I want to see a friend." "But it is a wine t] shop." said the old hermit. "True," answered b the novice, "but there is no danger of our n doing wrong.The hermit answered, "My son, that may be the case with you, but as P for me, I am a poor sinner, and dare not run o the risk of entering the wine shop." Exactly o so. Sin pardoned means sin at least oncH ?. committed, and that teaches the lesson o! caution. n PROHIBITION* IN INDIA. ^ The Nawab of Junagad, India, has Issuil the following prohibition proclamation : "Whereas it is opposed to the tenets of the 1 Mohammedan religion to derive any revenue | q whatsoever by letting out contracts for liquor, it is hereby proclaimed by His Highness tne Nawab 8anib of Junagad. that thy p nractice of farming out contracts lor spirits a shall be no longer permitted in His High- . 6j nesa's territories from this day forward. It is . further proclaimed that it is His Highness's 8: wish that all existing Abkari contracts should ti forthwith be brought to a speedy termination 2 by an amicable settlement of their claims. DAXUEEOCS OCCUPATIONS. Doctor Abbott says, in the Indepcnlcnt,' ? that those businesses whose memoers diu r, youngest are just those which offer the great- * est temptations to the use of intoxicating tJ liquors. The death rate among barKeepers si and workmen in breweries is frightfully high. y If a man wants to live long he must avoid such a business. It is more dangerous to c one's health to tend a bar than it is to breatno ti the sharp, metalie dust to which one is ex- e, posed wno grinds cutlery. Whisky is more , poisonous and dangerous than the white lead with which painters stain their hands. Putting the mortality of clergymen at 100, the v mortality of those who attend a bar runs up n to 397, nearly four times as many deaths, ami . no amount of sanitary conditions can water h their business huoltby. A rATHETIO \V!BT. The Heading Times calls attention to the ; fact that the will of the great brewer, Henry ' Ohrusen, of New York, just filed, has a patheti". censure of a dissipate:] son, to whom he leaves the interest of $20,000, with a similar bequest to his son s wife. Tne clause in the will relating to the son, after referring to the testator's repeated failures to reclaim him from habits of dissipation, says: "X deem it wis? to limit my provision fpr him and his famiiy to the bequests herein mode for him and his wife, to the end that they may be secured from absolute w.int. lju: I have been convinced of the futility of making any other or further provision for hi.n by his persistent refusal to adopt such methods o? living as would indicate any ability for the useful application of any greater income than J have herein provided." It is pathetic, and yet it might be remarked, which is even rnoro pathetic, that but for the similar dissipation an 1 ruin of thousands of sons of other parents, Iirewer Clausen would possibly uot have had the immense fortuue to distribute of which the handsome "provision" of the interest of SiQ.000 to his son and wife, is considered luch a ' limited" bequest. The dead brewer's foresight in trying to !:eap his dissipated son from "absolute want." is commendable for the fatherly feeling and interest which it shows, but it unpleasantly calls attention to the other side B e< the picture. a Iirewer Clausen grew fat and flourished y 0 i dissipated 6ons. imd the woa of brokenhearted parents, and neither in commercial I1 c.- uuy other sense did he give an equivalent t 1 cr his fortune,?Trenton (N. J.) True r J merican. _ HIS NATAL DAY. ?* cam rHE BIRTHDAYS OP GEORGE fore w t?HTvr.Tn\ mad Frei Anniversaries of His Birth Were ^m< o/JCT] Often Important Landmarks in l(. , His Career?The Great General's Life Reviewed. 80??. W spei EORGE WILLIAM, son to An- fron I f gustine Washington and Mary ing Vj*T hie wife, was born the 11th the day of February, 1731-2, Bra* ibout ten in the morning, and was He 3 japtized the 3d of April following, whe tfr. Bromley Whiting and Captain astr Christopher Brooks, godfathers, aad whi< Urs. Milfred Godfrey, godmother. On ! When Washington was born his seve ather was about thirty-sis years old Virj md his mother twenty-eight. He was witl he first of his father's children by a was lecond marriage, born of good family the m both sides, but in a house which ranj nodern luxury would deem mean in incc ts size and appointments. It had com 'our rooms only, a chimney at each shoi snd, was perfectly plain seen from the He mtside, but had a miniature picture whi rallery within in the "best room,' Nev ;onsisting of a chimney piece oma- tast nented with Dutch . tiles showing for icenes from the Bible. In this plain we 1 lome of Westmoreland County, Va., Ear ived a family distinguished - for its mai ;ood breeding, of which the husband obj< ? lar > B , ~ his WASHINGTON S BIRTHPLACE. vas the great grandson of a John Jf iVashington, who emigrated to America ^ n 1657, and was sixth in descent rom the first Lawrence Washington, jfLudgrave, Northamptonshire, Eng- /|Vaf and. Of inestimable value to his r1? T iountry is the opportunity which ivery year affords to review his work P md character. Before his death hie m-thday was celebrated in every great .own throughout the Union, and the f8 ' ustom will never fail of being honored in&; jy the setting apart of the anniver lary as a general holiday, its date adUBted to the Gregorian calendar, and e : ailing on the 22d day of February. Washington's earliest birthdays were P?. ipent in Stafford County, Va., on the iast side of the Rappahannoc River, . ? >pposite Frederickburg, whither his >arents removed while he was still a , e?1 At school, in Westmoreland County, "on inder Mr. Williams, he learned read- o: ng, spelling, English grammar, arithaetic, surveying, bookkeeping and :eographv. He had been taught the udiments of his thorough acquainance with the mother tongue by an bscure and humble person known in listory for this reason only, as Holby. The elder brother took a most afectionate interest in George, for rhom, when the boy was fourteen ears old, he procured a midshipman's warrant, which his mother's prophetic olicitude prevented him from using, 'he next two years George spent in urveying chiefly, under the direction f Mr. Williame, the nature of whose, Qfltructions was better adapted to evelop the practical genius of Wash- ^ Qgton than would have been a classial education. He was sixteen when he rent to live with his brother at Mount rernon, and there, a tall and graceful outh, perfected himself in the dance nd other social accomplishments. feoh Lafayette described the beauty of Washington's physical proportions as the 1 tie most superb he had ever seen, and ject [lis when the hero had passed the est years of- his manhood. What ]y tfc lust have been the fascination of his Beml resence in the morn and liquid dew re80] f his youth, and the heart flutterings ant8 f the Virginia maidens whom he met jnt0 a the refined society of his brother's lansion, and ih his frequent visits to Briti be beautiful country seats in the ^yft8; eighborhood? the A few months after his birthday, in caa& 749, he qualified asa county survey- him, r, which was a profitable occupation the J t that time, and he had added to the roperty left him by his father, when, fcirtl t nineteen years old, he was commis- troo; ioned a major of militia, with the coniderable salary of ?150 a year at- ftpac ached to the honor. On February reso] 2d, 1752, he and his brother, Law- jmm ence, were on their way home from a on ^ rip to Barbadoes, whither they had the < one in the hope to regain health for jngt< ?-.f Mnntli VorTinTl TvllO. U100)W'1 Vi i'AVUMW * V* ? iiiaui be same year, died at his beautiful folio eat. The estate was left to his sur- at Cj iving daughter, and in case of her de- the j ease without issuse, with other lands Tyfrfii o George Washington, with the re- mt4jr erve of the use of the 6araeto his wife [uring her lifetime. eocie In the fall of 1753 Governor Dinriddie sent the young officer as com- occu aissioner to a French fort claimed to j)ec] iave been built as a hostile demon- a6tr< ^ Am e '' jw Lafa ELIZA PARKE CUST1S. mem eral tration on Englisn lands. He was eral way eleven weeks on this errand, T1 rhich was accomplished with tact and stanl adgment, but the war cloud spread in be r< iroader and darker shadow, and Feb- the i nary 22d, 1754, saw George Wash- pend ;7*'' v...-;.4-. , . : * - *' I on at*Alexandria, collecting milisuppliel for use in the threatened' paign. The succeeding May, bethe declaration of war had been e, Washington encountered the ich troops and heard for the first ) the whistling of bullets. He is ised of having said on the occasion: leard the bullets whistle; there is ething charming in the sound." rashington's birthday in 1755 was it in retirement. He had retired a his military duties after succeedColonel Frey in command; bnt in spring volunteered under General Mock -with the rank of Colonel, bad barely recovered from'a fever r, he took a heroic part in the disci as battle of Monongahela, after 2h he retired to Mount Vernon. February 22, 1756, he had been iral months in command of the jinia troops to serve against France, 1 headquarters at Winchester; but absent on a journey to Boston on day we celebrate, where he ar;ed with General Shirley that an mveniently independent officer in mand at Fort Cumberland, Md., ild be made subject to his orders, fell in love for the second time, of ch we know, on this trip, with a t York beauty, who had the bad e to prefer another young officer a husband. 'In February, -1757, Bnd him laying papers before the 1 of Loudoun?he was then in comid of the Virginia troops?with the set of putting them upon the regubstabliBhment. [is, birthday in 1759 found him in in private life, the object of the in the middle colonies having been ? 3 TV - ? - J1 iL. * -f L ievea. i/emeu me privilege 01 ue- i more than a colonial officer he reled his comnfiseion, mnch to the ret of his colleagues in the army. February 22 of. that year he was a edict, having had a partner of his i and sorrows about six weeks. His Tiage to Mrs. Cnstis was an exceplally fortunate union, adding to wealth and social distinction, and ng him as perfect companionship 3 ever reached for the long space of y years. he years from 1759 to 1764 were a paratively uneventful period in ihington's life. During this time ras the planter and the man of ness, exporting produce and im;ing from England goods for dotic and family ase. rith the passage of the stamp act e momentous thoughts to Washon as to what would be the effect he colonies of the wilful violation le principle "that no subject of realm can be taxed except by himor his representative." The imance of this violation was pered by him at the beginning. By time of hiB birthday in 1769, Washon had advanced so far in his pat opposition to tyranny that he : charge of the articles of associadrawn up by his good neighbor, rge Mason, for presentation before r A v^tttv ti-ntn ATTTPT7 nP "W AQJTTWflTnV Durgesaee of Virginia, -with the obof crippling British commerce by cing imports. When subsequentle patriot-statesmen of Boston as>led in public meeting, passed a lution calling on all the inhabitof the colonies generally to enter an agreement that they would no further intercourse with Great ain, either by imports or exports, bington opposed the adoption of passage relating to exports, bee it involved the violation of, to sacred business obligations. In :all of 1774 lie was cbosen to comi volunteer companies, and on his ldav in 1775 was busy drilling ps for the inevitable conflict. rents of enormous import followed e. The second Congress passed a lution "That these colonies be ediatelyput in a state of defense," [ay 10, 1775. Then was founded Continental army, of which Wash>n was unanimously elected Com3er-in-chief on the 15th of June wing. He made his headquarters imbridge and took command.on l/l nf.Tnl-u Tn Dpp.fimber. 1775. Washington joined him and reled till the spring of 1776. Hie iday in that year was spent in her :ty at Cambridge. Dorchester fhts taken, Boston evacuated and pied by the American army, the aration of Independence, the disjus battle of Long Island, the rican army in retreat across the iware?this i9 the story of 1776 in ine up to December 7. The remefor these disasters was found in hington being virtually a dictator, is renewal of the army, in the auty and splendor of his military us. Recrossing the Delaware, American commander took the ofive, with the result that in a short ! not a single British or Hessian ment remained in the Jerseys ex- , at Brunswick and Amboy, between , ;h places and New York was open ( munication by water. Within 1 e weeks the enemy had been en from every post he,had taken g the Delaware. Philadelphia been relieved from danger, and ?st the whole proviuce of New Jer- , aad been recovered to America, hington spent his birthday of 1777 ; ?adquarters at Morristown, New ashington'samicablerelationswith yette began in 1777, a year most ; orable for the surrender of GenBurgoyne to the American, Gen- , Gates. le French alliance brought sub- j tial assistance, but 1778 can hardly sgarded as a brilliant success in vorking out of American inde- i lence. It meant to Great Britain, ' ' " * : V' > ,"."7 ';.,V > however, American persistence in this purpose, spfite gf jealousies ai)d party' dissensions in Congress, treachery toward Washington in the army and ill q fortune in the field here and there. The majestic patience and serenity of Washington amidst discouragements of all kinds is the strongest bistorio ^ feature of the year. He was in headquarters at Middlebrook when the anniversary of his birth in the year 1779 reminded him that he had passed the best years of his manly strength. ^ gl FBOM A MABTHA "WASHINGTON MINIATURE. a1 c] The signal triumph of the -war had not been achieved when, in November, gj 1789, Washington made, his winter ^ headquarters at New Windsor, but ^ there was an &coession to the general J expectation of success for the allies, in ^ the addition o 1 Holland to their num- ^ ber about the end of the year. ^ With the foresight of the warrior- -c statesman, Washington was ponder- ^ ing the great problem, how to give necessary authority to Congress in ^ order to insure the continuity of the band which attached the thirteen States together, when at his headquarters he and Mrs. Washington cele- ^ brated the return of his natal day in the year 1781, which counts the capture of Yorktown as its great feature and the virtual end of the war of ik- ^ dependen3e. . On February 20, 1783, the preliminary treaty of peace with Great Britain was signed, and General Washington ate his birthday cake that year , with the satisfaction of a man who had recently accomplished a great work. .. His farewell address to the army bears ,, the date November 2, 1783, and on . December 23, 1783, one of the great- 1 est generals in history resigned his ^ commission. . He gladly returned to Mount Yernon, where we find him on February 22, 1784, 1785, 1786, 1787, 178S 66 and 1789. These years demonstrated i ** his attainments and sagacity- as a 7( Bl/t&l/CBUiOU UC7JTUJUU UJlttv UIO wvr iaa* v* j ~ men had supposed it possible for any di one man to possess. Inaugurated ^ President on April 30, 1789, he pro- tfl ceeded to administer his great office & under provisions of the Constitution, di He was described as courteous with- ar out being formal, the possessor of a te singularly attractive smile; eyes whicfy would flash and glow upon oc- to casion, and an expression of counte- TJ nance grave but not stern, which no aE painter could catch, and a form de- fr clared by Lafayette to be the most mi superb he had ever beheld. Phila- vfl delphia cherished the tradition of the *h President's chief cook, Uncle Hark- k1 less, sauntering with the dandies up Market street in silk with cocked hat 8e and a gold-headed cane, doing his share toward glorifying the establish- op ment of the Chief Executive. The as stabling and care of his numerous Pr horses, his cream-colored coach, the bo magniiicance of his flunkies and out- an riders are well remembered by every- g* body acquainted with his biography; w< but the writer feels that a picture of Washington, after his Presidential pa days, will be more pleasing than elab- rn< orate description of his splendid sur- pa roundings when the great and wise Pc bent before him in admiration. The m< artist is Yoang Cnstis, adopted son of mi the patriarch, and his intention is to ah assist the recognition of Washington foi by the gentleman whom he is address- dii ing: "You will meet, sir, an old gen- no ?^ from weight's portrait op Washington. of tleman riding alone, in plain drab wh clothes, a broad-brimmed white hatr are a hickory switch in his hand, and car- In rying an umbrella with a long staff, cal which is attached to the saddlebow, gei That person, sir, is General Washing- ing ton."?New York Commercial Adver- slij tiser. "b Prisoners iu C'liina. ^ A Chinese prison is called a "can- an; gue." Its outer door is barred with wh bamboo and is guarded by petty ere soldiers or policemen. The "cangue" gr< contains two rooms and two yards, tht One room and one yard are for men. the The other room and yard are for &s. women. The space set apart for women doi is very much smaller than that for art men. But the women's quarters and J the men's quarters are alike in being Pei entirely devoid of any provision for hui personal comfort or for personal tha decency. cau Chinese prisoners are by the Govern- tee inent provided with absolutely noth- tha ing but the space beyond which they |0n may not pa6.s. If their friends thrust hoi food to them through the bars of the to < prison fence the law does not inter- ter pose. Otherwise the prisoners may tra starve. . por Vassar College has published its cat- ^0r| alogue for 1893-94, showing a total oi 4n 466 students. _ . TRUFFLE TRAFFICS . V \ ATHER1NG THE ESCULENT TUBER FOR TABLE USE. fhat Truffles Are?Tricks of Adulteration?Hogs and Dogs Trained in IT f* anno tn TTnnf" Thpm Where They Grow. i * ; \ DURING scarce seasons, writes Henry Haynie, in a Paris letter to the Picayune, truffles have realized two guineas er ponn", -nd therefore they are jry costly in relation to the nutri-' ient supplied. Still they are aromac, agreeable and fashionable foods, lough they are rather difficult of igestion. The export of truffles from France as of late years assumed very large roportion. Unfortunately for lovers f these delicious tubers, like most ther comestibles, they have not esiped adulteration, and the tricks of lose who tamper with the necessaries ad luxuries of the table. The trufes of export and commerce are comosed of old cloth bought of the rag atherers and made into pulp, and fterward hardened,. or, if the mertjant is really conscientious, of disused potatoes. The bluish tint of the ckly vegetable is said to be easily ttanged for the genuine truffle color ya little chemical sleight of hand,* ad when the desired effect is oblined, the imposter is carefully laped and rolled in a soil prepared )r the purpose, much after the fash>n confectioners employ in coating Imonds with sugar. Thus manipula;d, the homely but diseased potato ecomes the aristocratic truffle. If this practice is really carried out ) any great extent it is not surprising lat persons who taste the supposed elicacy for the first time' aver that ley do not find anything extraordiaryin trnffles. That truffles are fraudlently dealt -with, and that sham trafes, when cut up in pieces in pies and iher comestibles, are freely used canot be gainsaid. The gray and almost ilueless tubers are darkened and. ixed with scraps of the Perigord to ive them something like a proper iste, and whole truffles are often arstically stuffed with clay to increase teir eize and weight, while walnut ' nds and a variety of nuts are also sed for the real article. Thus trufss are no exception to the category ' mundane vaiities. The truffle hunting or collecting sason may be said to open with Octo?r aud concludes with the end of the fit An A :ai, nxiuu^u nivu a Tion nv xuvuxc roduction it is thought better not to isturb the ground after the end of ovember. Truffles (from the Latin iber), like mushrooms, belong to the eat family of the fungi, but are a fltinct and very peculiar genus. They e very cryptogamic plants, and subrranean in their habits, their posion beneath the soil varying from one two inches to two feet in depth. ( ley have neither root, stem nor leaf,1 id are of different shades of color,' om light brown to black. They Are. ore or less globular in form, and! ,ry in size from that of a filbert to at of a large egg. Their surface is' lotty or warty, and covered with aj in which forms a sort of network of: rpentine veins. Truffles grow in pastures and on ien downs far away from any trees, well as under their shade. They efer loose soils and aflect the neighirhood of trees, especially oak, beech d chestnuts, though they do not ow in any large numbers in thick )ode. Truffles are found in most temperate rts of the world, and are fairly copra in central and soathern Europe, rticularly in France, where the >itou and Perigord districts are sst prolific, and in Italy, where Piedrat carries off the palm. Algeria' 10 contributes a quantity. They are' and in various parts in the southern stricts of England, but they are by > means as common as they once re. French truffles are decidedly supe>r4o those of any other country, but1 ey vary in flavor according to local-; r. In the northeast of France they J 9 grayish in color and nearly tasteis, further south, in the Isere and e Gard, they have a musky taste,' lich is stronger in those grown in' voy; in Burgundy they are smaller,! y and have a flavor of rosin; but thei tercy or Perigord truffle?somewhat; crular in form, firm and marked with1 llowish 6treakB?is the kind dear to1 nrraets. Perigord pie is famous) I roughout the civilized world, and' I thout the subtle flavor imported by! I 3 presence of the Perigord tuber j I te de foie gras would lose more than: I Lf its value. M Everyone has probably heard of1 I iffle-hunting dogs, that is, dogs! B ined for the purpose of finding the; B iers, as a pointer or setter does game, j I scent. There is no special kind of fl 1 used for this purpose. It is a mere: fl tter of training; but, as a matter,' I course, the progeny of animals! fl ich have been used for the purpose* fl s more easily trained than others. i fl France the truffle dogs seem to be1 fl led "Louloue," a term which is sug-j fl 3tive of an English cry in the cours- fl j field, when the greyhounds ara fl oped at a hare. The method oi fl reaking" them is to give them for a> B le pieces of truffles every morning* fl fore they are allowed to partake of fl y other food. After a certain period,-' fl en their appetite for truffles inJ fl lases, pieces are hidden in the fl jund. and they are made to find fl im. Thus they are gradually taught B sir business, though it often takes fl .ong as eighteen months before a flj y becomes skilled in the practical H n some parts of France, Poitou and H igord, pigs are trained for trutfid H iting, and they have bettar nosetf n dogs for this work, probably bese the truffle is naturally more es-' H mod as an article of food by the pig fl| ,n the dog, and they can do quite at) g a day's work as the most lasting^! ind. Still, they as rarely attempt H ?at their quarry as a pointer or set-' attempts to eat killed game, the ined pigs being a superior race o4 kers. Should, however, one so far get himself as to venture on sucbi enormity, he is speedily made tdflj lember himself by the application the iron rod of the hunter. cv .. ',H