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L THE MESSAGE^ ti 1 w President Cleyeland Discasses* Pnblic Affairs. i "TARIFF REFORM" URGED. ; P n tl Hawaiian Matters Reserved j For a Spscial Message. 5 e J a ChineseRegistration Law-TheUnited ii States and Brazil?Effects of the Silver Purchase Repeal?Affulrs ^ at Home and Abroad?Work of >: the Various Bureaus summarized " ?Public EconomyAdvocated?Ad- ? ministration's Pension Policy. G a The President's annual message, which f( has been read in both Houses of Congress, f< is mainly aa follows: is To the Congress of the United States: jj The constitutional duty which requires v the President from time to time to give to t . the Congress information of the state of the . Union, and recommend to their considera- y Won such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient, is fittingly entered upon by commending to the Congress a careful ? examination of the detailed statements and well-supported recommendations contained .' In the reports of the heads of departments, * ( who are chiefly charged with the executive . work of the Government. In an effort to abridge this communication as much as is " consistent with its purpose, I shall supplement a brief reference to the contents of -a these departmental reports by the mention .. of such executive business and incidents as as are not embraced therein, and by such E recommendations as appear to be at this particular time appropriate. . While our foreign relations have not at all , limes during *he past year been entirely free Jrom perplexity, no embarrassing situation P remains that will not yield to the spirit of fairness and love of justice, which, joined with consistent firmness, characterize a truly American foreign policy. 8 BRAZILIAN AFFAIRS. j, The outbreak of domestic hostilities in the fi Republic of Brazil foqnd the United 8tates a alert to watch the interests of our citizens in w that country, with which we carry on im- o nortant commerce. 8everal vessels of our t< new navy are now, and for some time have o been, stationed at Rio de Janeiro. Theatrug- n fie being between the established Govern- n ment, which controls the machinery of ad- a: ministration, and with which we maintain A friendly relations, and certain officers of the C oavy employing the vessels of their com- p mand in on attack upon the National capital ti . and chief seaport, and lacking, as it does, ti the elements of divided administration, I ti have failed to see that the insurgents can n: reasonably claim recognition as belligerents, ii Thus far the position of our Government w has been that of an attentive but impartial s] observer of the unfortunate conflict. Em- ir phnslzing our fixed policy of impartial neu- li xrality in suoh a condition of affairs as now w - sxitts, I deemed it necessary to disavow, in h a manner not to be misunderstood, the un- n nthnin ! aAHnn nf nnr IntA nnvftl nnm. TI rasnder in those waters in saluting the re- r< TOlted Brazilian Admiral, being indisposed to countenance an act calculated to give gratui- p, tons sanction to the local insurrection. a; CHILEAN CLAIMS COJIMIS8ION. ) The convention between our' Government ^ and Chile, having for its object the settlement and adjustment of the demands of the two countries against each other, has been made effective by tho organization of the claims commission provided for. The two Governments failing to agree upon the third tl member of the Commission, the good offices s< of tho President of tb? Swiss Republic were 3( invoked, as provided in the treaty, and the e: selection of the 8wiss representative in this c< country to complete the organization was fr gratifying alike to the United States find d Chile. bj THE CHINESE EXCLUSION LAW. y< The legislation of last year, known as the fll Gear}' law, requiring the registration of all Chinese laborers entitled to residence in the n .. /" United State?, and the deportation of all not 0< complying with the provisions of the act within the time prescribed, met with much " opposition from Chinamen in this country. ra 1 Acting upon the advice of eminent counsel ** that the law was unconstitutional, the great 15 mass of Chinese laborers, pending judicial M inquiry as to its validity, in good faith declined to apply for the certificates required ky its provisions. A test case upon proceod- rt ing by habeas corpus was brought before the tt m 1 r.iK 1QQO A oupruuiu V/VUL l , (UIU UU JIOJ AUiU, AUJU, w uo- 9V vision was made by that tribunal sustaining c< the law. n ? It is believed that under the rseent amend- ai ment of the act extending the time for regis- ir tration, tho Chinese laborers thereto entitled, it who desire to reside in this country, will now w avail themselves of the renewed privilege b; thus afforded of establishing by law.'ul pro- ir eedure their right to remain, and that thereby c< the necessity of enforced deportation inay to p a great degree be avoided. p StJBBBUDEB OF WEEKS BECOOJflZKD. ts Costa Rica has lately testified its friendll- ?, aees by surrendering to the United States, in T the absence of a convention of extradition, f; but upon duly submitted evidences of crimi- , nality, a noted fugitive from justice. It is 44 rrnsiea mm cms ueguuauuii ui a uau; ?uu that country to meet recurring cases of this ' kind will soon be accomplished. In my P pinion treaties for reciprocal extradition bonld be concluded with all these countries ' with which the Unit 3d States has not already " conventional arrangements of that character. I have deemed it fitting to express to the Governments of Costa Kioa and Colombia the ji kindly desire of the United States to see their P pending boundary dispute finally closed by T1 arbitration in conformity with the spirit of the tr9aty concluded between them some years ago. Our relations with the French Repnblic , continue to be-intimate and cordial. Isinoerely hope that the extradition treaty with that country, as amended by the Senate, will .. soon be operative. _ j; While occasional qaeetions affecting our j* at unitized citizens returning to the land of their birth have arisen in our intercourse with Germany, our relations with that country I* eontinue satisfactory. " '' i" The questions affecting our relations with Great Britain have been treated In a spirit of Iriendliness. \ V , ' Negotiations are in progress betweon the two Governments with a view to such con- a current notion as will make the award an<J regulations agreed upon by the Bering Sea \, Tribunal of Arbitration pnifltically effective; -Jj and it is not doubted that Great' Britain will t( co-operate freely with this country for. ,the v - accomplishment of that purpose. - ' * The dispute growing oat of the discrimi- 11 ating tolls Imposed in the WelLami Canal. P upon cargoes of cereals bound to and from s! the lake ports of the United States, was ad- 91 insted by the substitution of a more equita- ei bio schedule of oh;irges, aud my predecessor 9 thereupon suspended 'his proclamation im- '? posing discriminating tolls upon British 3i transit through our canals. A request for additions to the list of extraditable offences covered by the existing, S| twA nnnnfripq in nndflr ?, HWJlj uoinocu vuw fcn V ?* ?? ? -- t, consideration. o THE NICABAGCA CAXAI* Nicaragua has recently passed throuerh !| two revohitions, the party at first success- j? lul bavin? in turn heca displaced by another. Our newiy appointed Minister, by " his timely goo i offices, aide I in a n-acaiul ' adjustment of the controversy invoiva.l In " the first conflict. The iuro American inlercsts established in that country in connection wi'.h the Nicaragua Oaaal were not c molested. The canal company has, unfortunately, become DuHncially seriously embarrassed, but t: a generous treatment has been extended to (J it by the Government of Nicaragua. The " United States nre especially interested in ttie t; successful achievement of the vast uudertakIng this company ha* in charge. That it ahmilH he jiceomnlishfwi 'ln.lnr distiiiativttiv i 3 American auspices, iinu its enjoyment assured l: not only to the vessels of this country as :i c channel of ommurication bei^oon our-Al- t iantic and Pacific seaboards, but to the ships d of the world in tho iuter^sts of civilization, r Is a proposition which, in my judgment, does a aot admit ol question. ? fckL,' V . - V .H-vV, Guatemala has also been visited by the po- t tieal vicissitudes which have afflicted her L entral American neighbors ; but the dissoltion of its Legislature and the proclama- c on of a dictatorship have been unattended I 'ith civil war. t An extradition treaty with Norway ha3 re- t ently been exchanged and proclaimed. c mi ?JU.V. nrifl, Pnuoiu cirrnorl JL no rAimuiiiuu uumj i March, 1887, and amended and confirmed y the Senate in February last, was duly proiaimed last June. , c HAWAIXAK AFFAIRS. J It is hardly necessary for me to state that a le questions arising from our relations t 'ith Hawaii have caused serious embarrass- c lent. Just prior to the installation of the i resent Administration the existing Govern- v ?ent of Hawaii had been suddenly oversown, and a treaty of annexation had been 1; egotiated between the Provisional Govern- 1 r>f fho inlands thfl TTnited States, i: nd submitted to the Senate /or ratiflcn- t ion. This treaty I withdrew fcyr e xaminntion and dispatched Hon. e ames H. Blount, of Georgia, to Honolulu as d special commissioner to make an impartial a iveatation of the circumstances attending r ie change of Government, and ofalltheconitions bearing upon the subject of a treat}-, t .fter a thorough and exhaustive examination e [r. Blount submitted to mo his report, show- s lp beyond all question that the constitution- t 1 Government of Hawaii had been subverted t rith the active aid of our representative to that c rovernment, and through the intimidation a nused by the presence of an armed naval t >rce of the United States which was landed s >r that purpose at the instance of our Mintter. Upon the facts developedit seemed to t le the only honorable course for our Govern- r tent to pursue was to unao tne wrong mat r ad been done by those representing us and t ) restore as far as practicable the status ex- a iting at the time of our forcible intervention.. o fith a view of accomplishing this result 1 'ithin the Constitutional limits of Executive a ower, and recognizing all our obligations nd responsibilities growing out of any hanged conditions brought about by ourunlstiflable Interference, our present Minister e t Honolulu has received appropriate in- fc Tactions to that end. Thus far no informaon of the accomplishment of any definite c jsults has been received from him. c Additional advices are soon expected, j fhen received they will bo promptly sent to ? le Congress, together with all other infor- s lation at hand, accompanied by a special j xecutive message fully detailing all the 2 icts necessary to a complete understand- ,.j >g of the case, and presenting a history of v 11 the material events leading up to the r resent situation- a IVTKKNATIONAL ARBITRATION. I By a concurrent resolution, passed by the <i enate February 14, 1890, and rythe House o f Representatives on the 3d of April follow- r lg, the President was requested "to invite, x :om time to time, as lit occasions may 1 rise, negotiations with any Government c ith which the United States has s r may have diplomatic relations, > the end that any differences j r disputes arising between the two Govern- \ lents which cannot be adjusted by diplo- h latic agency may be referred to arbitration 7 ad be peaceably adjusted by such means." a pril 18, 1890, the International American t onference of Washington by resolution ex- c ressed the wish that all controversies beiveen the Republics of America and the Na- f ons of Europe might be settled by arbitra- y on, and recommended that the Govern- c lent of each Nation represented t i that conference should communicate this d ish to all friendly powers. A favorable re- s jonse has been received from Great Britain e i the shape of a resolution adopted by Par- a ament July 16 last, cordially sympathizing t ith the purpose in view, and" expressing the r ope that her Majesty's Government will lend a jady co-operation to the Government of the f nited States upon the basis of the concur- t mtresolution above quoted. p It affords m? signal pleasure to lay this t arliamentary resolution before the Congress r ad to express my sincere gratification that } le sentiment of two great and kindred Na- e ons is thus authoritatively manifested in s ivor of the rational and peaceable settle- p tent of international quarrels by honorable t ;sort to arbitration. n THE FINANCIAL QUESTION. F The Secretary of the Treasury reports that s 10 receipts of the Government from all . >urces during the fiscal year ended June T ), 1893, amounted to $461,716,561.94 and its . cpenditures to $459,374,674.29. There was t sllected from customs $205,355,016.73, and _ om internal revenue $161,027,623.93. Our ? utiable imports amounted to $421,856,711, i increase of $52,453,907 over the preceding! _ aar, and importations free "of duty * mounted to $444,544,211. avdecrease from t xe preceding year of $13,465,447. Internal ivenue receipts exceeded tbosa of the pre- T >ding year by #7,147,455.32. ? It is estimated upon the Basis of present . svenue laws that the receipts of the Govern- ' ient for the year ending June 30, 1894, will j $430,121,365.38 and its expenditures $458,51.365.38, resulting in a deficiency of $28,- , H),000. J SILVER POEC3A.SE BEPEAL. The recent repeal of the provision of law v squiring the purchase of silver bullion by o ?e Government as a feature of Our monetary 0 sheme, has made an entiro change in the f; jmplexion of our currency affairs. I do D ot "doubt that tho ultimate result of this g ition will be most salutary and far-reach- n iff. In the nature of things, however, it is a npossible to know at this time, precisely 0 hat conditions will be be brought about t; y tne cnange, or wnsi, n any, suppielentary legislation may, In the ligut of such r Dnditions, appeur to be essential or ex- o edient. Of course, after the recent financial fc erturbation time is necessary for the re-eskblishment of business confidence. When, f, owever, through this restored confidence 7 le which money has been frightened into oarding placos is returned to trade and en- 0 irprise, a survey of the situation will prob- d tsJy disclose a safe path leading to a perlantly sound currency, abundantly sufficient > meet every requirement of our increasing opulation and business. ^ In the pursuit of this object we should a ?olutely turn away from alluring and H >mporary expedients, determined to bo con- j >nt with nothing less than a lasting and jmprehensive financial plan. In these cir- . amstances I am convinced that a reasonable * elay in dealing with this subject, Instead of 0 aim; injurious, will Increase the probability ? wise action. --- \_ C IMMIQBATIOX AND QUARANTINE. ? The Superintendent of Immigration, v irough the Secretary of the Treasury, reorts that during the last fiscal year there rrived at our ports 440,793 immigrants. Of F lese, 1063 were not permitted to land, un- t er the limitations of tho law. and 577 were , jturned to the countries from whence they ? ime by reason of their having become pub- ' ? charges. -Ttie total arrivals were 141,034 ?s than for the previous year. The Secretary in1 his report gives an ac- ount of the operation of the Marine Hospiil serviee and of the good work done under . s .supervision in preventing the entrance j" nd spread of contagious diseases. The admonitions ot the last two years | juching our public health and the detnon:rated danger of the introduction of con tgiuus uisonous iruui luroi^u puna nave iueeteJ the subject of National quarantine 4th increased interest. A more general and 7 armonious system than now exists, acting o romjtly and directly everywhere, and con- n iantly operating by preventive means to t tilold our country from th<i invasion of disuse, and .it the same time having due re- t ard to the rights and duties of local agen- fi ins, would, I boliuve, add greatly to the t ifety of oar people. s WOBK or THE ABJIY. * The Secretary of War reports that the ^ trength of the army on the 30th day of 8ep- , jmber last was 25,778 enlisted men and 2144 fficers. Neither Indian outbreaks nor domestic vio- ? >nca have called tho army into servieo dur- , the year, and the only active military L uty required of it has been in the Depart- , tent of Texas, whore violations of the nou- ' rality laws of the United States and Mexico r are promptly and nffloiontly dealt with hy f fee troops, eliciting the warm approval of ' se civil and military authorities of both j ountries. t POSTOF?ICE DEPART5IENT. rl ho report ot tne L'ost master uenerai eon- I? runs a detailed statement of the operations r f the Postottlce Department during the last < seal year and much interesting information t ouching this important branch of the pub- t ic service. The business of the mails indicates with i bsolute certainty tha condition of the busiless of the country, and depression in llnan- it ial affairs inevitably and quickly reduces i he postal revonues. Therefore a larger t iiscrep.mcy than usual between the postoffice { eceipts and expenditures is the expected t .ud unavoidable result of the distressing ] itringency which has prevailed throughout < y'^fi WW ; he country during much of the time covsrei >y the Postmaster General's report. I linairnto commend aa esDeciallv worthv if prompt attention the suggestion of the 'ostmaster General relating to a more sensiile and business-like organization and a letter distribution of responsibility in his lepartment. THE NA.V7. The report of the Secretary of the Navy ontains a history of the operations of his lepartment during the past year, and exlibits a most gratifying condition of the peronnel of our navy. He presents a sutisfaca# nrArmflfla nrh4nh hao hoon wij awwuui. VI mo nutvu uim vwu oade in the construction of vessels, and oakes a number of recommendations to rhich attention is eapecially invited. Progress in the construction of new vessels ias not been as rapid as was anticipated. Chero have been delays in the completion of marmored vessels, but for the most part they lave been such as are constantly occurring iven in countries having the largest experlmce in naval ship-building. The most serious lelays, however, have been in the work upon irmored ships. The trouble has been the failire of contractors to deliver armor as agreed. The difficulties seem now, however, to have ieen all overcome, and armor is being dolivred with satisfactory promptness. As a reult of the experience acquired by ship mllders and designers and material men. it is relieved that the dates when vessels will be ompleted can now be estimated with reason,ble accuracy. Great guns, rapid-flre guns, orpodoes and powder are being promptly upplted. While I am -distinctly in favor of consisently pursuing the policy we have inauguated of building up a thorough and efficient lavy, I cannot retrain from the suggestion hat the Congress should carefully take into .ccount the number of unfinished vessels on >ur hands and the depleted condition of our treasury in considering the propriety of an .ppropriatlon at this time to begin new work. PENSIONS. xne OOCretary Ot iu? xuionur uaa mn 3uprvision of so many important subjects that lis report is of especial value and Interest. On the 30ttt day of June, 1893, there were m the pension rolls 966,012 names, an inrease of 89,944 over the number on the rolls "une 30,1892. Of these there were seventeen widows and daughters of Revolutionary oldiers, eighty-six survivors of the War of 812, 5425 widows of soldiers of that war, !l,518 survivors and widows of th*? dexican war, 3.182 survivors and fidowt: of Indian wars, 284 army turses, and 475,645 survivors, and widows ind children of deceased soldiers and ailors of the Rebellion. The latter number epresents those pensioned on aooount of Usabilities or death resulting from army ind navy service. The number of persons emaining on the rolls June 30, 1893, who Fere pensioned tinder tne act or June 27, .890, which allows pensions on account ol leath and disability not ohargeable to army iervice, was 459,155. The number added to the rolls during the 'ear was 123,634, and the number dropped rns 33,690. The Hrst payments on pensions illowed during the year amounted to ?33,56,549.98. This includes arrears, or the accumulation between the time from whieh he allowance of pension dates and the time ?f actually granting the certificate. Although the law of 1890 permits pensions or disabilities not related to military service, ret as a requisite to its benefits a disability oust exist incapacitating applicants "from he performance of manual labor to such a legree as to render them unable to earn a upport." The execution of this law in its arly stages does not seem to have been in .ccord with its true intention ; but towards he close of the last administration an authonnnatmnUnn wwrivpn tf> the Statute. .nd since that time this construction has been ollowed. This has had the effect of limiting he operation of the law to its Intended purfose. The disoovery having been made that aany names had been put upon the pension oil by mean9 of wholesale and gigantic rauds, the Commissioner suspended payments upon a number of pensions wnich eemed to be fraudulent or unauthorized lending a complete examination, giving noice to the pensioners, in order that thoy night have an opportunity to establish, if ossible, the justice of their claims notwithtanding apparent invalidity. This, I understand, is the prrctice which ihs for a long time prevailed in the Pension Sureau ; but after entering upon these reoent uvestigations the Commissioner modified his rule so as not to allow, until after a complete examination, interference with the payment of a pension apparently not altogether oid, but which merely had been fixed at a afA fho r? fhrtf ftnMtAflTBd hv IftW. QIC lU^UCI. IJLIUU i UMV uu?uv..uwv. .w ,. . I am uoable to understand why frauds in be pension rolls should not be exposed and orracted with thoroughness and vigor. !very name fraudently put upon these rolls 3 a wicked imposition upon the kindly seniment in whioti pensions have their origin; very fradulent pensioner has become a bad itizen; every false oath in support of a penion has made perjury more common and alse and undeserving pensioners rob the >eople not only of their money, but f the patriotic sentiment which the surlvors of a war, fought for the preservation f the Union, ought to inspire. Thousands f neighborhoods have their well-known raudulent pensioners, and recent developments by the bureau establish appalling conpiracies to accomplish pension frauds, By io means the least wrong done is to brave nd deserving pensioners, who certainly ught not to be condemned to such associaion. Those who attempt in the line of duty to ectify these wrongs should not be accused f enmity or Indifference to the claims of lonest veterans. The sum expended on account of pensions or the year ending June 30, 1893, was $156,40.467.14. The Commissioner estimates that $165,00,000 will bo required to pay ^ pensions luring the year ending June 30. 1894. THE INDIANS. The osndition of the Indians and their ulimate fate are subjects which are related to i sacred duty of the Government, and which trongly appeal to the sense of justice and he sympathy of our people. Ani- Tnrlinna niimhflp (vhnilf 248 000. Mostof hem are located on 161 reservations, conaining 86,116,531 acres of land. About 110,00 of these Indian? have, to a large degree, .dopted civilized customs. Lands in seviralty have been allotted to many of them, luch allottments have been made to 10,000 ndi viduals during the last fiscal year, emtracing about 1,000.000 acres. The solution of the Indian problem deiends very largely upon Rood admtnistraioa. The personal fitness of agents and heir adaptability to the peouliar duty of carQg for their wants, is of the utmost import.nce. The law providing that, except in especial ases, army omcera su.iu ue ummiuu iui mlian agents, It is hoped will prove a auccessul experiment. There is danger of great abuses creeping ato the prosecution of claims for Indian dereclations, and I recommend that every ossible safeguard be provided against the nforcement of unjust and fictitious claims f this description. FOBKSTBY kVD AGBICULTUEE. Thd report of the Secretary of Agriculture rill be found exceedingly interesting, ospeially to that large part of our citizens intiaatoly concerned in agricultural occupaions. I especially commend to the attention of he Congress tho statements contained in the laoretftry's report concerning forestry. The ime has come when efficient measures hould be taken for the preservation of our oreats from indiscriminate and remediless lestruction. The regulations of 1802 concerning Texas ever have been enforced during the last ear, and the large stockyarJs of the counry have been kept free from infection. Ocasionally local outbreaks have been largsy such as could have been effeetually ruardoi against by tho owners of the afected cattle. While contagious pleuro-pneutnonin in > cattle has been eradicated, aairaal tuber- { ulosis, a disenso widespread aud more dim- | jerotis to human life than plouro-pneunioiiSa. s still prevalent. Investigations have beeu nade during tb'< past year as to the moans >C it3 communication and tho method of its lorroet dinsm'isis. Mush progress has been nade in this direction by the studies of the Iivision of.animal pathology, but work ought o be extended in co-oparation with local luthorltles until tho danger to human life irlsing from this cause is reduced to a inininum. In the, year 1839 the Congress appropriated [ lOOO, to bo taken from the Patent Office unds, for the purpose of collecting and disrlbuting rare and improved varieties of seeds ma ior prosecuting ngricuuunu mvusujjjiiions and procuring agricultural statistics. ?rom this small beginning Soed Division )I the Department of Agriculture has arowu V . ? _ / to its pr-ient unwieldy and unjustifiably ex travapanf. proportions. During the last fiscal year the cost of seed! purchased was $66,548.61. The remaindei of an appropriation of $135,000 was expended in putting them up and distributing them. It surely never could have entered the minds of those who first sanctioned appropriations of public moneys foi the purchase of new and improved varieties of seeds for gratuitous distributor that from this would grow largo appropriations for the purchase and distribution bj Members of Congress of ordinary seeds bulbs, and cuttinsjs which are common in all the States and Territories and everywhere easily obtainable at low prices. In each State and Territory an agricultural experiment i station has been established. These stations, by their very character and name, are the proper agencies to experiment with and test new varieties of seeds ; and yet this indiscriminate and wasteful distribution by legislation and legislators continues, answering no purpose unless it be to remind constituents that their representatives are willing to rememner mam wiia grammes at public cost. Under the sanction of existing legislation there was sent out from the Agricultural Department during the last fiscal year enough of cabbage seed to plant 19,200 acres of land, a suffl^isnt quantity of beans to plant 4000 acres,, beet seed enough to plant 2500 acres, sweet corn enough to plant 7800 acres, sufficient cucumber seed to cover 2025 acres with vines, and enough musk melon and watermelon seeds to plant 2675 acres. The total quantity of flower and vegetable seeds thus distributed was contained in more than nine million packages, and they were sufficient, if planted, to cover 89,596 acres of land.In view of these facts this enormous expenditure without legitimate returns of benefit ought to be abolished. Anticipating a consummation so manifestly in the interesl of rrood administration, more than $100,00( has been strickcn from the estimate made tc cover this object for the year ending June 30, 1895 ; and the Secretary recommends thai the remaining $35,000 ot tne estimate De confined strictly to the purchase of new and im proved varieties of seeds, and that these tx distributed through experiment stations. Thus the seed will be tested, and after the test has been completed by the experiment station, the propagation of the useful varieties and the rejection of the valueless may safely be left to the common sense of the people. THE CIVIL SEBVirE LAWS. The continued intelligent execution of the Civil Servioe law and the increasing ap proval by the people of its operation arc most gratifying. The recent extension of its limitations and regulations to the employes at free delivery postofflces, which has been honestly and promptly accomplished by the commission, with the hearty oo-operation ol the Postmaster General, is an immensely important advance in the usefulness of the system. I am, if possible, more than ever convinced of the incalculable benefits conferred by the Civil Service law, not only in its effect upon the public service, bat also, what is even more important, in its effect in elevating the tone of political life generally. MEED OF PUBLIC ECONOMT. Economy in public expenditure is a duty that cannot innocently be neglected by those intrusted with the control o: money drawn from the people for public uses. It must be con teased that oui apparently endless resources, the familiarity of our people with immense accumulations of wealth, the growing sentiment among them that the expenditure of public money should in some manner be to their immediate and personal ad vant-o^a ftin (nrUror-t iinH (ilmfist StBftlthV mm. ***** ?? aer in which a large part of our taxes are exacted, and a degenerated sense of official accountability have led to growing extravagance in Governmental appropriations. At this time, when a depleted public treasury confronts u?, when many of our people are engaged in a hard struggle for the necessaries of life, and when enforced economy is pressing upon the great mass of our countrymen, I desire to urge with all the earnestness at my command that congressional legislation be so limited by strict economy as to exhibit an appreciation of the condition of the Treasury and a sympathy with the straitened circumstances of our lellow-citizens. > The duty of public economy is. also of im mense Importance In its intimate and nocesaary relation to the taste now in bond of providing revenue to meet Government expenditures, and yet reducing the people's, burden of Federal taxation. TARIFF CHANGS?. After a hard struggle, tariff reform is directly before us. Nothing so Important claims our attention, and nothing so clearly presents itself as both an opportunity and a duty?an opportunity to deserve the gratitude or our fellow citizens and a duty Imposed uooa cs bj our oft-repeated professions and by the em phatic mandate of the people. After a full discussion, our countrymen have spoken lr favor of this reform, and they have confided the work of its accomplishment- to the hands of those who are solemnly pledged to it If there is anything In the theory of a rep resentation in public places of the people and their desires, if public officers are really the servants of the people, and if political prom ises and professions have any blading forca our failure to give the relief so long awaited will be sheer recreancy. Nothing should intervene to distract our effort until this reform is accomplished by wise and careful legislation, WbiJe we flhould staunchly adhere to tne principle that only the necessity of revenue justifies the Imposition of tariff duties and other Federal taxation, and that they should be limited by striot economy, we cannot close our eyes to the fact that conditions have grown up among us which in justice and fair ness call for discriminating care in the distri bution of such datiaa and taxation as the emergencies of our Government actually demand. Manifestly, if we are to aid the people di' rectiy through tariff reform, one of its most obvious features should be a reduction in present tariff charges upon the necessaries ol life. Tbe benefits of such a reduction would be palpable and substantial, seen and felt bj thousands who would be better fed and bettei clothed and better sheltered. These eritti stiouia oe rae wium? oeneiacbiouH ui a m>r emment whoso highest function is the promotion of the welfare of the people. Not less closely related to our people's prosperity and well-being la the removal of restriotions upon the importation of the ran materials necessary to our manufactures The world should be open to our national inafinulty and enterprise. This oannot be white Federal legislation, through the imposition oi high tariff, forbids to American manufacturers as cheap materials as those used by theii competitor*. It is quite obvious that the enhancement ol the price of our manufactured products resulting from this policy not only cqnflnes the market for these produofcs within our owe borders, to the direct disadvantage of oui manufacturers, but also increases their cost to our citizens. The interests of labor are certainly, though indirectly, Involved in this feature of our tariff system. The sharp competition and active struggle among our manufacturer to supply cue nmiteu aem&uu iuc won ?wua, soon fill t&e narrow market to whioh they are consigned. Then follows a suspension of work in mllla and factories, a discharge of employes,and distress in the homes our working men. Even if the often disproved assertion could be made good that a lower rat? of wages would result from froe raw materials and low tarff duties. t??e intelligence of our workingmen lead* them quickly to discover that their steady employment, permitted by free raw materials. Ik-the most important factor In their relation to tariff legislation. A measure has been prepared by the appropriate Congressional committee embodying tariff reforms on the lines heroin su^qreated, which will be promptly submitted for legislative action. It is the result of much patriotic nnd unselfish work, and I believe it deals with its subject consistently and as thoroughly as existing conditions permit. I am satisfied that the reduced tariff duties provided for in the proposed legislation, added to existing internal revenue taxation will, in the near future, though perhaps not iramedint?lv. oroduce sufficient revenue to meet the ne^ds of the Government. The committee, after full consideration, and to provide aaraiD9t a temDOrary dottcienoy which mav exist before the business of the country adjusts itself to the new tariff schedules. have wisely embraced in t.heir plan a few additional internal revonua taxes, including a small tax upon incomcs doelrcd from certain coroorate investment". Those new assessments ara not only absolutely just and easilr borno. bui *4oy have the fearther merit of being such as can be remitted wiifcesit unfavorable business disturbance! whenever the necessity of their imposition no longer exists. In my great desire for the success of this measure i cannot restrain hip sugfjeautju mm its success can only be attained by means ol unselfish counsel on the part of the friends ol tariff reform and as a result, of their willing ness to subordinate personal desires and ambitions to tho public good. The local interests affected by the proposed reform are so numerous and so varied that if all are insisted upon the legislation embodying the reform must inevitably fail. In conclusion, my intonse fooling of responsibility Impels me to Invoke tor the manifold interests of a generous and confiding ]>eopk the mo9t scrupu'ous care, and to pledge my willing support to every legislative effort for the advancement of the; greatness and prosperity of our beloved country. crrov&h cleveland. a. ,.,r, - .[THE ffM DEPAHMT : RTlflRTlT A "RY T. A MONT FTT/RS ! BIS ANNUAL BEPOET. i Great Progress Made in the Manu' facturo of Heavy Ordnance and In | Scacoast Defence?The Entire In, fantry Fof?? to be Armed With the New Magazine Rifle. ' The annual report of Secretary of War i Lamont is quite lengthy, containing some t 15,000 words. It gives the usual review of the condition of the army. Some of the facta presented concerning various arms of the i service are very interesting. | Indian warfare, the Secretary says, Is practically at an end in this country. This faot alone is an argument against an increase in the numerical strengirb of the army. Such an increase would not meet with popular Tavor, ana is not Buggmiou. The strength of the army September 30. 1898, was 2144 offlcei.-s and 25,778 enlisted men. The Secretary recommends a re chic, Hon of the term of enlistment from five to three years. The experiment of enlisting Indian companies will be continued. Ths.adoption of the new. magazine rifle Is the most Important step taken In the infantry arm of the service since the Civil War. One-third of the report Is devoted to the progress. during the last eight years In the manufacture of heavy ordnance and in seacoast defence under the project of the Endloott Board in 188S. j Progress already made warrants the belief , that within the time specified, thlrtoen years, from the first appropriations the essential features of the plan can oe earned out. xne mounting of the first twelve-lnoh gun with its lift in its emplacement at Sandy Hook is , the evidence of remarkable progress during these eight years, signifying the ability of , our manufacturers to produce hetvy forgings for high-power guns. Work on the coast defenses at Farragansctt Bay, Charleston, Tybee Roads and the , Savannah Blver and Fensocola will be begun during the year. Work will be progressing next year at thirteen of the twenty-eight ports proposed for fortification by the Endi1 cott Board. The annual output of the Watervliet gun factory is fifteen twelve-inch 1 guns, fifteen ten-inch and twelve eight-inch ' guns, and the first of the 100 large guns con1 tracted for with the Bethlehem Iron Works is due next year. ! The expenditures for sea-coast defence for ' v.o -ramy .Tnnfl 30. 1893. were S3. 163,094. The invention and manufacture of American brown and smokeless powder for heavy ordnance and for the magazine rifles have made slow progress, and the Secretary of ' War urges manufacturers to solve the problem for their own profit and National pride. The report pays much attention to the education of officers and men of the army and the instruction of the militia and military schools. An increase in the number of cadets at the West Point Military Academy, to meet I the demands of higher and more general military instruction, is suggested. , G rowing Interest in military, instruction at colleges and schools is reported: In 18901891 7366 students were reported under in; struction by army officers at these institutions. In 1892-1893 the number was 10,970, a gain of forty-two per cent. The Secretary farther recommends that military instruction by army officers 'be extended to the hlgb schools of the larger cities. The latest returns report an organized militia of 112,597 in the States, of whom, in round numbers, 6000 are in the artillery arm and 5000 In the cavalry. The Secretary recommends the erection of a memorial bridge from Washington to Potomac Heights as a suitable approach to the National Cemetery at Arlington. The sum of $863,017 has been expended by the States on the field of Gettysburg, in addition to considerable sums contributed by private organizations. The greater part of the work of establishing the Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park has been completed, and the States are beginning to erect monuments on the field to their troops. 4r\f fhn fldAftl VAttF Alt^inO mpouuiuugo ivi wuu Iiuvw J vw> c ' June 3d, 1893, are as follows: Salaries and contingent expenses, $1.993,581; military establishments, 923,377,828; public works, including river and n arbor im}movements, 920,518,632 miscellaneous obecirs, 96,077,033. i Appropriations for fiscal year ending June r 30, 1894, were as follows: Salaries and contingent expanses, 92.045,196; military establishment, 924,563,931; public works, Including river and harbor improvements, | 917,201,105; miscellaneous objects, 94,213,I 183. FIFTY-THIRD C0NGBESS i The Senate, 2n. Dat.? After some routine mornincj | business Mr. Hoar introduced a resolution calling on the President for copies of the Ini structions to Minister Willis and Admiral Ir win touching Hawaii. It went over at air. ? Sherman's suggestion, because of Mr. Morgan's absence Mr. Dolph, in the course ol some remarks on the subject of Hawaii, ex, pressed his surprise at the portion of the i President's message referring to it. Mr. Dolph cloaed bis speech at 2 p. m., when the resolutions of the House on the death of ? Representative Charles O'Neill, of Pennsylvania, were presented. and the Senate, out of respect to Mr. O'Neill's memory adjourned. 3d Day.?Mr. Voorhees introduced two [ bills, one declaringa pension a vested right. regulating suspension of pensions and I granting appeals to the Supreme Court ot [ the District of Columbia ; the other defining sundry crimes against the United States in the administration of the pension laws Mr. Manderson introduced a bill -to amend tho Internal revenue laws-? Mr. Cullom offered a resolution accepting from Illinois the statue of General Shields, ' and proceededto addre&s the Senate, euloglx[ ing General Shields. Mr. Cullom was fol( lowed by Mr. Vest and Mr. Davie-?Mf. Hoar's resolution calling for'infdrimation relativo to Hawaii was laid before the Sennte. and the author proceeded to attack the course , pursued by the Administration, after much debate it was piiased. The House. 2n Day.?After the journal had been read and approved, a large number of executive documents were laid before tho House ^ and referred. These Included annual | reports of bureau chiefs and heads of departments. A. letter was received from Governor Altgeld,, of Illinois, announcing tho completion of a. at mum to General Shields, which had been placed ia statuiry nan, ana jnvuea raw members to attend its unveil in?. When the morning hour expired, Mr. Oates moved i to take up tho Bankruptcy bill, and the morion prevailed. It was determined that general debate sb?uld bo limited to six and onehalf hours. Mr. Terry spoke against the bill, and when be had concluded tha House v adjourned. . _ , ' 3d Day.?A resolution providing for a committee of three Senators andthree Representatives to investigate the rank, pay and all other, matters relating to tho Vpersonnei of employes in the nayy. led to a protraoted discu99ion. ?Mr. Grosvenor offered a resolution giving the names of 1900 Ohio pensioner* dropped from the rolls, and asking for a reason and other information from the 8ecp??nrv of the Interior. At 1.30 the ape eial order was taktfh tip, being a reso| lution to accept from the State of Illinois a statuw of General James Shields and luwiffa it a place iu Statu.iry Hall. Mr. ; Springer explained the circum.-taneos under which the utiituo had 1>?en prepared and [ gave a biographical sketch of General Shields. After the delivery of eulogies as a further mark of rospect tho Housa ad| journcJ. I CUT DOWN IN CHURCH. ! Cossacks Kill Twenty and Wound & JU.UUU&CU, ! A telegram from Eovnosays the Russian j Government recontly ordered a Catholic church in tho Governmont of Kovno closed. ^ The members of tho congregation thereupon flocked to the church and remained in it uipjht aid day. ; Oue uight a force of troops under the Gov; crnor entered the churoh and attacked the . people with swords, killing twenty and wounding over a hundred. A large number fled, was pursued by Cossacks and drowned in attempting to swim across a river. THE NEWS EPITOMIZED. Eastern and Middle States. A Lehi oh engine in charge of Daniel Connors, a green engineer, blew up at Batavia, N. Y. Connors was buried in the wreck directly under a broken steam pipe andscalded to death. ( Ex-5fnusTZB to Hawaii Johh L. Stsvbhs gave ont from Augusta, Me., his answer to charges made against him by Commissioner . Blount. Pbijcoetoh defeated Tale at football on Manhattan Field, New York Oity, by a score of six to nothing. The Harvard football team defeated the Universsty of Pennsylvania eleven, twenty-six to four. The firm of Abe Btein ft Co.. importers of goatskins, hides, etc., New York Oity, haj been put in the hands of a receiver. The house is the largest in its line in the United States, and probably In the world, doing a business of 15,000,000 a year. The receivership has been precipitated by the unexpected suspension of the London house. Mas. ELlbbiet Bubbows, aged fifty-seven years, who was serving a life sentence in the Eastern Penitentiary in Philadelphia for the murder of her husband, committed suicide Kw Hon?/* kAnoalf ?n ha* <ia11 UO&OVa* MJJ. UUi. William Lilly, Congressman-at-Large from Pennsylvania, expired suddenly at his home in Mauoh Chunk. (>. D. Bailbt and Ernest Winana were oat rabbit hunting near IfeadvOle, Penn. While Bailey, who wore a fur-cap .was crouched behind a huge pile of logs, Winans saw his friend's cap, and, mistaking it for a rabbit, fired his gun. Bailey's head was blown off Becobdeb MoMajtus in the Oity Court, at Hartford, Conn., decided to award the money found by several small boys to the finders. The lads discovered about 9500 in bllUln the cellar of an unoccupied house and divided the money, one ooy received ai78. Jacob Fbedebicks, an expressman, died in agony from blood poisoning at Camden, N. J. He was stung by a bee a weak before, and a day or two later, while handling some imported goatskins, got something in the wound which poisoned him. A oas well has been struck in West Seneca, N. Y., with allow of 1,000,000 feet a day. South and West. Nzablt a thousand employee of the World's Fair Company have been dropped from the pay rolls. The cut wm made in every direction. Columbian guards, gatekeepers, clerks and freight handlers were discharged. Cfsoaoz Abmstbono, a colored murderer, ">? at TovlnnfJIlA Kt. A tibbible blizzard and oold wars have prevailed all over Iowa. Teams crossed th? Mississippi on the Ice. Mas. Jebbt Fbyxb, better knovra as "Pauline 0ashman/' the femalescout liedal .San Francisco, CaL, .'from the effects of jg do3e of morphine. Fibe consumed $700,000 worth of prjpartj in West Baltimore, Md. ' At Olendale, Montana, a snow slide crushed and buried a cabin occupied bj Nicholas Bergstrom and family, consisting o! his wife and three children. Bergstrom and two children, aged twelve and ten, were killed. The United 8tates Naval Academy cadets defeated the West Pointers at foot)Mill al Annapolis, Md., by the score of six to I'our. A fbeiqht engine standing on the siding at Cisco, Texas, was .allowed to go dry, lt'h supposed, and blew up, parts of the heayj machinery falling thirty or forty feet away. Tliree men were killed by the explosion. Washington. Th* proposition to buy the big Krupp gun at the World's Fair, is not received enthusi astically by the Ordnance Department. II will not be considered until made oflclallj in writing. The coinage of the 915,000,000 in gold al th>3 Philadelphia Mint, which Secretary Carlisle recently directed should be done by December 1st, has been completed. Ax order was issued from the War Depart meat assigning General Otis, the new Brigadier-General of the army, to the command 01 the Department of the Columbia. The debt statement for November shows ai increase of $6,716,498 in the public debt. J. B. Pboctob, of Kentucky, the new Civl Service Commissioner, took the oath anc -1 J - J-U? 4kA encerea upon iub uuncs u> iuc uuk. The United States Treasury staitemenl compotes the currency per capita at 425.57 the amount of money in the Treasury al $499,426,000 and in circulation at $1.726;99400"), an increase during November of $8,000,000. The District Court of Appeals at Washington sustained the demurrer pi Colonel Ainsworth to the indictment for manslaughter for causing the collapse of the Ford Theatre building. Foreign. The Credit Mobilier in Home, Italy, suspended payment; the fact caused a panic od the bourse there, and the Genoa and Florence bourses closed. Admiral Mello, the Brazilian rebel chief, succeeded in escaping from Bio Harbor ana sailed away to the South. Seven hundred of Petxoto's soiaiers were capiurea in tats Federal victory near Bage and three hundred were lulled. A new Mexican loan insures the completion of a Government railroad across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. , The final trial trip of Yarrow's new topedo destroyer, thj Havock, took place from Gravesend, England. The Harock traversed 100 miles at an average speed of from twen. ty:3ix to twenty-seven knots, thus proving hatself the fastest vessel in the world. Muley Abaaf, the Moorish Saltan's Brother, has pacified the BiiBans; the Spanish army will probably return without nav ing fought a battle. Pbofessou John Tynd&xx, the famous English scientist, is dead. , WEEOK ON THE LEHIGE The Burning Cars Set Fire to White Haven, Penn. .roor rrruu ruumug uiusou a, uukuuiu wreck oa the Lehigh Valley Railroad at White Haven, Penn. The strikers put the bkime on the non-union men who were in ch arge of the colliding trains. The first train passed White Haven all right. Non-union men were in charge of tho second, piloted by a telegraph operator. After the train had passed over the mountain and was approaching White Haven the engineer gave the signal "Off brakes." Them , . he put on a full hoad of steam and "pullod out." The brnkemen, who were also non-union men, did not respond quickly enough, and the train parted in two places. The engineer did not notice the mishap and went on. -The first broken section came to a stop about fifty yards on the south side of White Haven station, Dut mo second section, or rear end, of the train vr&s under> more momentum, and had not stopped when It was approached from behind by the third freight train, drawn by engine No. 171, with nine cars of mixed freight, mostly flour,feed, molasses and hay. (This train was also in charge of a nonunion engineer with a pilot. The train was going at the rate of thirty miles an hour. The cra9h occurred along the main street and was heard all over town. As soon as engine No. 171 struck the caboose ahead, the coals in the caboose stove were scattered .in every direction and the whole wreck was soou on lire. The caboose w;is cut in two and one-half of it was thrown against the second story 01 Jtunnic s norei. In ton minutes after the accident the hotel was in flames, and in less than an hour it was in ruins. The flames communicated to Thomas W. Rieker's grocery store. This aiso was destroyed, as was Cramor's livery stable After working hard for three hours moro the ilreinen Anally subdued the flames. Tho socond lire increased the losses by Smith's Hotel, Drigs's drug store, J. W. Coon's general store. Fisher's jewelry store and Forschner's jewelry store. The property lost to the Lehigh is 850,000, and if it is compelled to pay for the property rioofpni-?H hv flrn in the town, caused bv the crack, the loss will foot up fully $70,000. Osc.vn riERsoif, ?, bedridden crlppln living near Bridgeton, N. J., wag married to a widow whose acquaintance he had made through a piece ol lace made by hira and purchased Dy her. ' ' :.V [ . -, ?" ;:/-M 1CLB MS if MOT. TEE ENCOURAGING BEPOBT. OF SEOBETABY HEBBEBT. "yOr * We Now Bank as the Seventh Naval Power of the World?Nine New Bhips Have Been Xiannched aid Six Placed in Commission?Navai Militia. The annual report of Secretary of the Nary Herbert, shows that the following new vessels have been launched daring the past Tear; Colombia, 7350 to ayj Marblehoad, 2000 ; Olympla, 6500; Cinaiuaati, 3183; Katahdln, 2183, Indiana, 10,200 ; Massachusetts, 10,200; Minneapolis,1 7350, Oregon, 10.200. "The following new vessels." sa.ys . ,^'bi. the Secretary, "hare bee a completed,.,ao- 4 cepted by the Government a ad placed In . 1 commission: Monterey, 41.58 tons; Bancro ft "V. 888 ;MaohlU, 1060: Detroit, 300?, New Yoi*? . 8130; Castine, 1050. The preliminary trills . ot the Monterey, Bancroft, Detroit, ifwr York, Machias, Castine and Columbia "re! suited successfully, as did also the final trials of the Monterey, Bancroft and Detroit. "The increased horse-power and speed over designed rates obtained by contractors in these ships have entitled them in tame ' cases to large premiums, and this has attracted much comment.' It has been assumed that these premiums when, paid were mere gratuities, or that they were, at any rate, all clear profit to. the builders, the Gov oramuuc uciqk wiiuout nuy sauoiuai uunumeration therefor. The system of allowing premiums for increased rate over and imposing penalties for failure to obtain contract rate.? was not thus intended, and it is not believed to have so operated. "The progress thus far made in oaf Naval Department Is clearly shown In the following list, which gives the number and type of V . . effective war vessels wbich this country will possess when those now - balldl&g ara completed: "Armored?Battle-ships, first class, being built, four; battle-ships, second olaes, being built, two; armored cruisers being built, one; in service, one; coast-defense vessel* Wm. being built, four; in servloe, two; harbordefense ram being built, one; total being Vtillf twclro 4n OAnrUa IKma . f/ifal Itflain "Unarmored?Protected cruisers being built, five; in service, eight; cruisers being built, two; in service, one gunboats authorteed, three; in service, six; dynamite-gun vessel in service, one; total' authorised, three; total being built, seven; In serrioe, sixteen: total twiantv-six. "A comparison will show that ihe United States now ranks seventh as a naval power. , "Of the old wooden ships of the navy but eight remain in active service as cruisers. | and one, the Hartford, is now being repaired . . for service. With the exception of the Hart- ' ford and the Kearearge, which are speai&Uy excepted by act of Congress, all of these teasels will disappear from active service with- . ih three years under the operations of the ten per cent, limit. Hone of our woodeu I vessels can be taken into acooont in the consideration of an effective navy." The Secretary requests authority to de- ( vote the $450,000 authorised for the oon- 'v gtruction of a vessel similar to the Vesuvius. to the construction of three torpedo-boats, and recommends that Congress increase the limit of cost of the swift torpedo cruiser authorized by the act o| Jans .90) 1890. so M to. enable the dpporaentt to .have this vessel laid down during the next fiscal year. The Secretary adds ' "We can build'modern ships of WW M quickly and without any doubt as good as any country in the world. I feel confident that some of oar shipyards rival the b?6t in . :'j' Europe.** The Secretary says it is anticipated that the battleship Indiana will be ready tor trial next June, ana roar me const aeiesae oarue- - rew ship Oregon will be ready for commiadoning . j in a short time. The Becond-cUss battleship < Maine is expected to be ready for a sea trial In %bout six months, as well as the seoondclass battleship Texas. The double-turreted monitor Puritan it is expected will be ready . for trial about July 1 next; the doabW-tur^'' .,4 '1' reted monitoreTerror, Amphitrite andMonadnook during the first half of the next year ' the protected cruiser Olympia Within the. <x>mingweek; the protected cruisers CincinI nati and Raleigh by next; March, and the I cruiser Marblehead, of 2009 tons, Is so far ' advanced that the department- expects that * , her acoeptance trial will take place within a * short time. The armored harbor defense ram Kaiahdin ' will be ready tor trial about January lr 1896; iha k^af Vn/tuann Ktf tlta ?n/l AlHlA . :-11 present year; the sea-going battleship low* ;f by February 1,189s, and the armored cruiser Brooklyn about six monthii later. ' The Secretary recommends the use of smokeless powder for small arms. Of th$ naval militia the Secretary says in part*. * "It is exceedingly gratifying to Me so many of our patriotic oitizens thus voluntarily organizing and laboring to fit themselves for naval duty. Our long and exposed sea ooest and difficulties attending enlistment of sailors for our merchant marine make this organization of ifrreat National importance and the department will do every tiling possiuie unuur auaiuig tana jvhm and encourage it. Thenomber of men in that servioe Is as follows:: Massachusetts, . / 589; Rhode Island, 119; New York, 410; Pennsylvania, 150; Maryland, 130; North Carolina, 262; Sooth Carolina, 204; California, 301; Illinois, 211; total, 2376." The Secretary estimates the amount of money needed by the department for 1896 to be 927,685,914.02, of which $12,455,025.00 is for increase in the navy. The apparent available balance now on hand Is $246,457.61 sahfobiTr dole President of the Provisional Govern meat of Hawaii. * Sanford B. Dole, President of the Hawaiian < ' Provisional Government and administering ' Ihe Department of Foreign Affairs, is forty-; eight years of age. Born In Honolulu, of. American parentage, he was educated at Punaheu College, in Honolain, taking a finishing coarse at Williams College. He studied law in- Boston, was admitted to the. Massachusetts bar in 1869, and returned' shortly afterward to Honolulu, where he von became a leading practitioner, " j SAHI'OBD B. /OLE. | which position he held until his eleva- I tion to the bench lu 1337. Elected a re- ' 1 presantatlve in the Legislators in 1884 J to 1386. ho was a leader ot the opposition to | the extravagance aud corruption which pro- J cipitated the revolution ol 1387. He was a . 1 I member of the Executive Council of the Bo- ] voiutionists of 1837, but withdrew borore tne a culmination, being too conservative to agree I with the radical action then taken. After I that he was appointed a judge of the Su- 1 preme Court, in 1887, which position he has filled with the greatest credit to himself and , satisfaction to the people until he resigned* i it to assume the position he now holds. 1 President Cleveland's Thanksgiving tur- ' I key this year did not weigh so much as I Whito House turkeys usually do. It weighed fl twenty-seven pounds and was shipped from Westerly, B. I., by Horace Vose, who has , I had the selection of a New England turkey 1 '? iU- W/mioa a-unr ainpA President JUL IUO II uwusw ? Grant's time. The largest turkey he ever m nQut to Washington was to President Grant. It weighed thirty-aii pounds. J f . 1