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.W-mvp-.VW;- . ;REV. DR. TA IMAGE. ! k THE BROOKLYN DIVINE'S SUN. DAY SERMON. Subject: '-Bricks Without Straw." Text: "The Burden of Egypt," Isaiah six., 1. 1 What is all this excitement about in the ftreets of Cairo, Egypt, this December morning in 1889? Stand back I We hear load voices and see the crowds of people retreating to the sides of the street. The excitement of others becomes our own excitement. Footmen come in sight. They have * rod in the hand and tasseled cap on head, and their arms and feet are bare. Their garb is black to the waist, except as threaded with gold, and the rest is white. They are clearing the way for an official dignitary in a chariot or carriage. They are swift, and sometimes run thirty or forty miles at a stretch in front of an equipage. Make way! They are the fleetest tooted men on earth, but soon die, for the human frame was not made for such endurance. I asked all around me who the man in the carriage was, but no one seemed to know. Yet as I fell back with the rest to the wall I aid, This is the old custom found all up and down the Bible, footmen running before the rulers, demanding obeisance, as in Genesis before Joseph's chariot the people were commanded, "Bow the knee;" and as I sea the swift feet of the men followed by the swift feet of the horses, how those old words of Jeremian rushed through my mind, "If thou hast run with the footmen and they have wearied thee, how canst thou contend with horses?' Now, my hearers, in this course of sermons I am only serving you as footman, and clear ing the* way for your coming into the wonders of Egyptology, a subject that I would have you study far beyond anything that can be said in the brevity of pulpit utterance. Two hundred and eightynine times does the Bible refer to Egypt and the Egyptians. No wonder, for Egypt was the mother of nations. Egypt, the mother of Greece; Greece, the mother of Rome; Rome, the mother of England, the mother of our land. According to that, Egypt is our great-great-grandmother. On other Sabbaths I left you studying what they must have been in their glory; the Hypostyle hall of Karnac, the architectural miracles of Luxor, the Colonnade of Boremheb, the cemeteries of Memphis, the Sphinx, which with lips of stone speaks loud enough to be heard across the centuries HeJiopolis and Zoan, the conundrum of archaeologists. But all that extravagance of palace and temple and monument was the cause of an oppression high as heaven and deep as hell. The weight of those kMuioi- than ?mr mnr1nrn l/IUUhS Ui OM/UC, machinery could lift, came down upon the Hebrew slaves, and their blood mixed the mortar for the trowels. We saw again and again on and along the Nile a boss workman roughly smite a subordinate who did not please him. It is no rare occurrence to see long lines of men onder heavy burdens passing by taskmasters at short distances, lashiDg them as they go by into greater speed, and then these workmen, exhausted with the blasting heats of the day, lying down upon the bare ground, suddenly chilled with the night air, crying out in prayer: "Ya, Allah!" "Ya, Allah 1" whicb means O God! O God! Bat what must have been the olden times cruelty shown by the Egyptians towards their Israelitish slaves is indicated by a picture in the Beni-Hassan tombs; where a man is held down on his face by two men and another holds up the victims feet while the officials beat the bare back of the victim, every stroke, I have no dcubt, fetching the blood. Now you see how the Pharaohs could afford to build such costly works. It cost them nothing for wages?nothing but the tears and blood of the toilers, and'tears and blood are cheap drink for devils. "Bricks without itraw" may not suggest so much hardship nnt.il von know that the bricks were usually made with "crushed straw," straw crashed by the feet of the oxen in the thrashing, and, this crushed straw denied to the workmen, they had to pick up here and there a piece of stubble or pather rushes from the waterside. This story of the Bible is confirmed by the fact that many of the brick walls of Egypt have on the lower layers brick made with straw, but the higher layers of brick made out of rough straw or rushes from the river bank, the truth of the Book of Exodus thus written in the brick walls discovered by the modern explorer. That gov?rnmefctal outrage has always v been a characteristic of Egyptian rulers. Taxation to the point of starvation was th9 Egyptian rule in the Bible times as well as it is in our own time. A modern traveler gives the figures concerning the cultivation of seventeen acres, the value of the yield of the field stated in plasters: Produce 1,802 Expenses 993% Clear produce 808% Taxes 493 ' Amount cleared by the farmer 315%' Or, as my authority declares, seventy per cent, of what the Egyptian farmer makes is paid for taxes to tne government. Now, that is not so much taxation as assassination. You say, "Why did they stand it?' Because they had to stand it. You sea along back in the world's twilight there was a; famine in Canaan, and old Jacob and his sons cauie to Egypt for bread. The old man's! boy, Joseph, was prime minister, and Joseph ?1 suppose tbe lather and the brothers called him Joe, for it does not make any difference \ ' how much a toy *s advancaa in wonaiy success, his father and brothers and sisters always call him by the 6ame name that he was called by when two years old?Joseph, by Pharaoh's permission gave to his family. who had just arrived, the richest part of Egypt, the Westchester farms or the Lancaster farms of the aticien*s. Jacob's descendants rapidly multiplied. After awhile Egypt took a turn at famine, and those descendants of Jacob, the Israelites, came to a great storohouse which Joseph had provided, and paid in money for corn. Bat after awhile the money gave out and then they paid in cattle. After awhile the cattle were alP in possession of the government, and then tbe Hebrews bought corn from the government by surrendering themselves as slaves. Whore was help to come from? Not the ? throne, Pharaoh sat upon that. Not the army, Pharaoh's officers commanded that. Not surrounding nations, Pharaoh's threat ma le them all tremble. 2iot the gods Amnion and Osiri3 or the goddess Isis, for Pharaoh built their temples out oC tbe groan of this diabolical servitude. But oae hot day the Princess Thonoris, the daughter of Pharaoh, while in her bathing house on the banks of the JJile, has word brought her that there is a baby afloat on the river in a cradle made out of big leaves. Of course there is excitement all up and down tbe banks, for an ordinary baby in an ordinary cradle attracts smiling attention, but an infant in a cradle of papyrus rocking on a river arouses not only admiration, but curiosity. Who made that boat? Who made it water tight with bitumen? Who launched it? Reckless of the crocodiles, who lay basking themselves in the sun, the maidens wade in and snatch up the child, and first one carries him and then another carries him, and all the way up the bank he runs a gantlet of caresses, till Thonoris rushes out of the bathing house and says: "Beautiful foundling, I will adopt you as my own. You shall yet wear the Egyptian crown and sit on the Egyptian throne." No! No I No! He is to be the emancipator of the Hebrews. Tell it in all the brick kilns. Tell it among all those who are writhing under the lash, tell it among all the castles of Memphis and Heliopolis and .Zoan and Thebes. Before him a sea will part. On a mountain top, alon?, this one will receive from the Almighty a law th*t is to be the foundation of all good law while the world lasts. When he i3 dead. God will come down on JTebo ancl alone bury htm, no man or woman or angel worthy to attend the obsequies. The child grows up and g03S out and studies the horrors of Egyptian oppression and suppresses his indignation, for the right time has not come, although once for a minute he let fly, and when he saw a taskmaster put the whip on the back of a workman who was doing his best, and heard the poor fellow cry and saw the blood spurt, Moses doubled up his fist and struck him on the temple till the cruel villain rolled over in the sand exanimate and never swung the lash ' again. Served him right! But, Moses, are you going to undertake the impossibilities? You feel that you are going to free the Hebrews from bondage. But where is your army? Where is your navy? Not a sword, have you, not a spear, t.y. ? ... . - 1 not a ph*riot not a horse. Ah! God was b1 on his side, and He has an army of His own. The snowstorms are on Goi's side; witness the snowbanks in which the French army of' invasion was buried on their way back from Moscow. The rain is on His side; witness a the 18th of June at Waterloo, when the tem-' P pests so saturated the road that the attack 0 could not be made on Wellington's forces! until eleven o'clock, and he was strong enough to hold out until reinforcements ar- c; rived ? Had that battle bean opsned at five o'clock P in the morning instead of at eleven the des- ~ tiny of Europe would have been turned the wrong way. The heavy rain decided every- j\ thing. 8o also are the winds and the waves 5" I on God's side. Witness the Armada with ~ one hundred and fifty ships and twenty-six ? hundred and fifty guns and eight thousand sailors and twenty thousand soldiers sent out by Philip IL of Spain to oonquer England. ^ What became of those men and that ship- R ping* Ask the wind and the waves all ? along the English and Irish coasts. The men and ships all wrecked or drowned or f1 scattered. 8o I expect that Moses will be " helped in rescuing the Israelite? by a special weaponry. To the Egyptians the Nile was a deity. Its waters were then as 9 now every delicious. It was the finest nat- ? ural beverage of all the earth. We have no ? such love for the Hudson, and Germans have 11 no snch love for the Rhine, and Russians ? have no such love for the Volga as the Egyp- 11 tians have love for the NiJe. But one day, wheu Pharaoh comes down to this river, Moses takes a stick and whips d the waters, and they turn into the gore of a j1 slaughter house, and through the sluices and " fishponds the incarnadined liquid backs up into the land and the maledor whelms every- a thing, from mud hovel to throne room. Then ^ came the frogs, with horrible croak, all over y everything. Then this people, cleanly al- j most to fastidiousness, were infested with t] I insects that belong to the filthy and un[ kempt, and the air buzzed and buzzed with e) flies, and then the distemper started cows to j bellowing and horses to neighing,and camels to groaning, as they rolled over and ex- C( pired. ^ And then boils, one of which will put a t| man in wretchedness, came in clusters from jt the top of the head to the sola of the foot. ? And then the clouds dropped hail and light- a ning. And then locusts came in, swarms of them, worse than the grasshoppers even were in Kansas, and then darkness dropped for three days so that the people could not see their hand before their faoe, great surges of midnight covering them. And last of all, on the night of the 18th of April, about eighteen hundred years before Christ, the Dostroying Angel sweeps past; and hear it | all nightlong, the flap! flap! flap! ocms wings until Egypt rolled on a great hearse, the , eldest ciuld dead in every Egyptian home. t The eldest son ot Pharaoh expired that night c in the palace and all along the streets of j Memphis and Heliopolis, ana all up and down the >ile there was a funeral wail that would 8 have rent tne fold of the unnatural darkness t if it had not been impenetrable. f The Israelitish homes, however, were un- j touched. But these homes were full of preparation, for now is your chanca, 0 ye 1 wronged Hebrews! Snatch up what pieces a of food you can and to the desert! Its simoons are better tnan the bondage you , have suffered. Its scorpions will not sting so sharply as the wrongs that have stung t you all your lives. Away! The man who j was cradled in the basket of papyrus on the ; Nile will lead yoa. Up! Up! This is the night of your rescue. They gather together Jat a signal. Alexauder's armies and all the i armies of olden time were led by torches on f high poles, great crests of Are; and the Lord Almighty kindles a torch not held by human hands but by omnipotent hand. c Not made out of straw or oil, but kindled i out of the atmosphere, such a torch as the ^ world never saw betore and never will see again. It reached from the earth unto the c heaven, a pillar of fire, that pillar practi- t 1 * * ?f u *L: m calJy saying, "lnisw&y; luarcu cum nay; On that supernatural ffambeau more than a t million refugees set their eyes. Moses and Aaron lead on. Then come the families of * Israel. Then come the herds and flocks s moving on across the sands to what is the s teach of waters now calle.t Bahr-el-ftulzum, but called in the B ble the Red Sea. And c when I dipped my hands in its blue waters, a the heroics of the Mosaic passage rolled over r me. . After three days' march the Israelitish a refugees encamped for the night on the t banks of the Red Sea. As the shadows begin to fall, in the distance is seen the host of a Pharaoh in pursuit. There were six hun- t drei finest war chariots, followed by com-* t nion chariots, rolling at full speed. And the glittering of the wheels and the curses of in- I luriated Egyptains came down with the t darkness. But the Lord opened the crystal c gates of Bahr-el-Kulzum and the enslaved j Israelites passed into liberty, and then the crystal gates of the sea rolled shut against ? the Egyptiau pursuers. I It was about two o'clock in the morning r when the interlocked axle trees of the i Egyptian chariots could not move an inch either way. But the Red sea unhitched the ? horses and unheltneted the warriors, and 'v left the proud host a wreck on the Arabian sands. Then two choruses arose, and Moses led the men in one, and Miriam led the . 1 women in the other, and the women beat | I time with their feet. The record says: "All t the women went out after her with timbrels and with dances. And Miriam answered them. Bin?; ye to the Lord, for He hath triumphed gloriously; the horse and his rider hath he thrown into the sea." What a thrilling story of endurance and victory. So the burden of oppression was lifted, but another burden of Egypt is made up of deserts. Indeed, Africa is a great continent for deserts, Libyan, desert, Sahara desert, deserts here and there and yonder, condemn ing vast regions of Africa to barrenness, on e ot the deserts threa thousand miles lone an d a thousand miles wide. But all those deserts will yet be flooded, and so made fertile. De Lesseps says it can be done, and he who planned the Suez canal, which marries the R9d Sea and the Mediterranean, knows what he is taking about. I Another burden of Egypt to be lifted is the burden of Mohammedanism, although there are some good things about that religion. Its disciples must always wash before they pray, and that is five times a day. A commendable grace is cleanliness. Strong drink is positively forbidden by Mohamme uauisuj, BULL IUUU^U BJUio iuay uavo Btrtrn a drunken Mohammedan, 1 never saw one. It is a religion of sobriety. Then they are not ashamed of their devotions. When the call for prayers is sounded from the minarets the ^ Mohammedan immediately unrolls the rug on the ground and falls on his knees, and 11 crowds of spectators are to him no embar- I | rassment?reproof to many a Christian who ] omits his prayers if people are looking. . But Mohammedanism, with its polygamy, blights everything it touches. Mo- s hammed, its founder, liai four wives, aud r his followers are the enemies of good g womanhood. Mohammedanism puts its curse on all Egypt, and by setting up a sin- 1 ful Arab higher than the immaculate Christ, 6 is an overwhelming blasphemy. May God , help the brave and consecrated missionaries who are spending their lives in combating c it. C But before I forget it I must put more i emphasis upon the fact that the last outrage that resulted in the liberation of the Hebrews was their being compelled to make 8 bricks without straw. That was the last r straw that broke the camel's back. God t would allow the despotism against nis peo- r pie to go no farther. Making bricks without straw! 1 That oppression still goes on. Demand of ? your wife appropriate wardrobe and { bountiful table without providing the means ' necassary?bricks without straw. Cities de- 1 mantling in the public school faithful and t succsssful instruction without giving t'ru i teachers competent livelihood?bricks without straw. United States government de- ? man ding of senators and congressmen at 1 Washington fall atten iance to the interests ? of the people, but on compensation which , may have done well enough when twentyfive cents went as far as a dollar now, butt 1 in these times not sufficient to preserve their ( influence aud respectability?bricks without straw. In many parts of the land churches demanding of pastors vigorous sermons and sympathetic service on starvation salary; sanctified Ciceros on four hundred dollars a year. Bricks without straw. That is one reason why there are so many prior brickB. In all departments, bricks not even or bricks that crumble or bricks that are not bricks at all. Work adequately paid for ia worth more than work not paid for. More straw and then better bricks. But in all departments there are Pharaohs; sometimes Capital a Pharaoh and sometimes Labor a Pharaoh. When Capital prospers, and makes a large percentage on its investment, and declines to consider the needs of the operatives, and treats them as so many human machines?their nerves no more than the bands on the factory wheel?then Capital is a Pharaoh. On the other haud. when workmen, not regarding the anxieties and : 'it: ' tfio." ?.. _ A'iV.Jrk1. ' usiness straggles of the firm employing ?em, and at the time when the firm are aing their best to meet an important con act and need all hands busy to accomplish , at such a time to ha ve his employes make strike and put their employers into extreme arplexity and severe loss?then Labor be>mes a Pharaoh of the worst oppression, ondage, and though thera may be deserts et for us to cross, we are on the way to the 'rornised Land. Thanks be unto God for lis emancioatinz Gospei. Come up out of Egypt all ye who are yet oslaved. What Christ did for us He will o for you- "Exodus P1 is the word. Exous! Instead of the brick kilns of Egypt Dme into the empurpled vineyards of God, 'here one cluster of grapes is bigger than ie one that the spies bi ought to the Israelis by the Brook Eshcol. though that cluster ras so large that it was borne "between two pon a staff." Welcome all by Bin oppressed, Welcome to His sacred rest; Nothing Brought Him from above. Nothing bat redeeming love. A Valuable Tnrtle. The true t-rtles inhabit the sea and an be distinguished from allied specied >y the form of the legs, which are more longated and flattened, enabling them o swim with great ea?e. These reptiles pend almost the whole of their time in he sea, seldom coming ashore, except or the purpose of laying their egga. The ?er. J. G. "Wood gives m Golden Days he following interesting information bout them: TJtic common green turue is iouuu on. he shores of the West Indies. The tsual mode of capturing it is by watchng it go ashore, and then tilting it on ts back by levers which are thrust lexteriously beneath it. Much practice s required in the art of turtle turning, or the reptiles are very heavy, very trong, and when they take alarm scuttle iff seaward with wondrous speed, kickng the sand and 6t0D03 behind them rith such force that the hunters are >ften half blinded before they can secure heir prey. Another valuable species is the hawks>111 turtle. This is the creature from vhich is obtained the beautiful material o familiar under the name of "tortoise hell." In this reptile the thirteen plates if the carapace are directed backward, ,ud overlap each other like the tiles of a oof, as may be seen in the figure. These >lates or "scales," as they are termed, ,re separated from the shell by placing he turtle with its back downwards over , clear fire. The heat loosens the atachment of the plates and enables them o be removed. Tiie turtle is then re>laced in the sea, where, in process of ime, a fresh set of scales will be proluccd. In Celebes, however, the turtle s first decapitated, aud then the plates ire removed by placing the animal in i >oiling water. When the scales are tirst emoved from the animal they are rough, >rown, and uniess held to the light, jive very little indication of the beauty vhicii lies concealed. The manufacture of tortoise shell is a atber complicated process. The reader nust be familiar with the common toroise shell combs. These are of equal hickness throughout their length, vhereas the plates from which the con bs ire made are thickest in the middle and Jiminish in thickness towards the edges md points. No one plate could furnish material or one of these combs, so that if there vere no means of uniting the plates, such jbjccts could not be made. Fortunately, he tortoise shell is amenable to the oint influence of water and heat, so that vhen well steamed, any number of plates :an be pressed together, and look as if hey were a single piece. This valuable turtle frequents the warmer seas, its chief home being ia the topical Pacific, and the inhabitants of ;he many islands which stud that ocean nakes various U3es of it. Excavating Indian Mounds. A. S. Logan, of Osage City, Mo., has >een excavating some of the Indian aounds on the banks of the Missouri liver in the vicinity of Jefferson City. The mounds were built in a circle on a duff 150 feet above the water. Digging everal feet down from the top of the nound Mr. Logan found a vault conducted of ledge rocks. In Bhape it night be called square, with the corners' lightly rounded. The walls of the vault verc about three feet high, and no :ement was used in buildiug them. The orners had a rece33 made in each, form1 g a segment of aa arch, in which many jones were found, together with tools ind a pipe. The bones were thd&e of nen, women, and children, indicating hat the vault was a family receptacle. The material of which the tools were 'ashioned?there were axes, knives, and jointed instruments?was a species of lard sandstone known in the neighbor loud as "cotton rock." The pipe was i heavy variety of stone unknown to Mr. Logan. The bowl was round and tho item about four inches long. Oa the oowl some characters had bee a engraved. The wonder was how the pipe could have been made with such simple tools as were found in the vault, aud Mr. Logan is inclined to think that "these people lived interior to the a^e of flint tools, and it may be that tho "cotton-rock" implements hud becouie obsolete, like the distaff of our grandmother's mother, and had been laid away as interesting but useless relics." He has a theory that the vaults were built to preserve the dead, not from the depredations of animals, but from the sweep of the Missouri's tide, which in those preaistori c times flowed along in the viciuity of the mounds. ? Neio York Port. At a recent wedding, as the newly married pair were marching down the aisle, the organist played "Onward Christian tidier, marching to th? war." ad must look for the judgments 01 uoa. Let all oppressors whether in homes, in lurches, in stores, in offices, in factories, in >cial life or political life, in private life or ublic life know that God hates oppressors, nd they will all come to grief here or h defter. Pharaoh thought he did a fine thing, - *?? o ^AAioltra wKon fnr? dialling lULUg, ? UU1.U,.! U V-.UQ .. UWU .v. 19 complete extinction of the Hebrews in Igjpt he ordered all the Hebrew boys mastered, but be did not find It so fine a thing rhen his own first born that night of the de* Toying angel dropped dead on tbe mosaic Dor at the foot of the porphyry pillar of the Eilace. Let all the Pharaohs take warning, ome of the worst of them are on a small ale in households, as when a man, because is arm Is strong and his voice loud, domlates his poor wife into a domestic slavery. There are thousands of such cases where le wife is a lifetime serf, her opinion discarded, her tastes insulted, and her existence wretchedness, though the world may not now it. It is a Pharaoh that aits at the ead of that table, and a Pharaoh that tyumizes that home. There is no more aoorrent Pharaoh than a domestic Pharaoh. But it rolls over on me with great power ie thought that we have all been slaves own in Egypt, and sin has been our tasklaster. and again and again we have felt its tsh. But Christ has been our Atosea to lead s out of bondage, and we are forever free, he Red sea of a Saviour's sacrifice rolls deep nd wide between us and our aforetime "TEMPERANCE. THE FIRST GLASS. Glass namber one, "only in fun;". Glass number two, other boys do;" Glass namber three, "it won't hurt me;* Glass number four, "only one more;" Glass number Ave, "before a drive;" Glass number six, "brain in a mix; Glass number seven, stars up in heaven; Glass number eight, stars in his pate; niaaa -nnmViAr nirto whislnr Tinfc WlTlft' Giass number ten,drinking again; Glass number twenty, not yet a plenty. Drinking with boys, drowning his joys; Drinking with men, jost now and then, Wasting his life, killing his wife; Losing respect, manhood all wrecked, Losing his friends, thus it all ends. Glass number one, taken in fun, Ruined his life, brought on strife; Blighted his youth, ruled his truth; Gave only pain, stole all bis gain; Made him at last a friendless outcast. Light-hearted boy, somebody's joy, Do not begin early in sin; Grow up a man brave as you can; Taste not in fun glass number one. ?Central Baptist. MEXICO HONORS WASHINGTON Au American, who runs a drinking saloon in Monterey, recently exposed the portrait ?* ? - * U * i. ui wwi ^o H tiamu^wu aa a mgu ILL lruub UL his saloon. General Reyes, the Governor of Nuevo LeoD, more mindful of the honor due to the "Father of His Country," than the American himself, ordered the portrait removed, asserting that Washington was too great and good a man to have his portrait used as a sign for a drinking house. It is said that the publican claims damages and has appealed to Secretary Blaine; but. however the Administration may look at it, the overwhelming sentiment of the country will be with the Mexican Governor.?New Or? leans Picauune. THE DRINK HABIT IN ITS DECLINE. Instead of drink being the rule now among native Americans, it is the exception It is rarely seen on our dining tables. Church members seldom make a practice of drinking. It is never heard of at ordinations, and not often at funerals. Thousands of children have grown up without ever taking a glass of beverage. Total abstinence has become respectable, and druDkenness a disgrace. And yet sensible people seriously tell us that our reformatory methods must be given up, because we have made no progress. Tney say there is more drinking per capita now than when we began this temperance work. Will they please tell us if this means more whisky or more beer? But suppose it means more alcohol, will they please tell us how much we would have been taking at the previous rapid rata of increased immigration of drinkers, if it had not been for temperance work and teaching.?Temperance leacher. _______ LADY MACDOKALD'3 TEETOTAUSSL Lady Macdonald, the wife of the late Prime Minister of Canada, is a staunch total abstainer. The story of how she became so has been told by herself. 8be says, after some reflection, she was led to give up wine drinking suddenly at last on Christmas Day, 1867. She had thought a good deal on the subject, but never made any decided resolution until that day. Conversation at dinner turned on total abstinence, and a guest, a strictly temperance man, who held high office in the dominion, said (hat practically total abstinence was impossible for any one "in society." Lady Macdonald combated this and, as a result of further discussion, she was challenged as to whether she would herself "give up her glass of sherry at dinner." She at once decided to try, saying, 'Henceforth I enter the ranks of total abstainers, and drink to our success in water." Her ladyship's testimony is that "Since then, thank God, I have never found any necessity for wine. In health I can do my life's work without any aid from dangerous stimulants; in sickness I have invariably ana positively reiusea 10 wuuu ? .. THE SCCLA.L GLASS. The social glass reflects horrid shapes to those who indulge in it frequently. The daily papers chronicle two frightful consequences of the continued use of this soul distorting reflector. In one county there is an atrocious murder; in another city, a brutal assault, resulting in the death of a neighbor and friend. And yet when the criminals are brought to trial, it will be found that neither had any malicious feeling against his Yictim and that both, when not under the influence of liquor, were eood neighbors and law abiding, citizans. Sociable habits and the social glass are responsible for thes9 two crimes. The criminals deserve punishment for their crimes. They will have no effective defence and no excuse will prevail to lessen their guilt by showing, thavyf they were in possession of their sensed, they would have been incapable of their crimes, punishment must be meted out. Who will dare advance a plea in extenuation of their crimes, in favor of the brutal murderers? Justice must orevail. We are a law abiding people and criminals must be punished that the community may be protected. All this is true and ri<?ht, and yet there are those who think that an ounce of prevention might be used to prevent the development of criminal proclivities of men when, the provocative cause leading to the commission of crime, is known to those who are authorized to prevent the commital of greater crimes by the arrest of those whose frequently intoxicated condition and quarrelsome dispositions foretell, to the officers of the law, what the consoquences of permitting the violent drunkard to remain ?t. Inrrro will hp A firimiriil is nunishedbe causede deserves punishment and to prevent others from committing crime. These two objects influenced law makers and Jaw officers in the past, but we flatter ourselves that the prevention of crime is more to be desired than the punishment of criminals. We do not regard our police officers a9 appointed for the sole purpose of arresting criminals. Theirs is a protective, preventa tive service and we treat them as guardians of tbe public peace, and except in preventing the influence of intoxicating liquor from developing criminal proclivities, they are quick to detect and prevent other influences from fostering criminals. If every one who became intoxicated knew that he was liable to arrest, this knowledge would have a wholesome effect on the drinker. But it may be said that the arresting of every one who became intoxicated would be an odious duty to impose on an officer; would be too degrading on good though weak citizens, audtoo great a humiliation on their families. This may be true, but the benefit to the weak and tao gain to his miserable family would compensate for th? humiliation. Though we doubt the goodness of any man wno sacrifices his interests and the happiness of his family to the gratification of his appetite for intoxicating liquor, yet, we would not go too far. We would only ask that the violent be sheltered in the county jail, until the violence of the storm raised by them has spent its force and they were sufficiently calmoi to learn that they had been a public nuisance which could be no longer tolerated, and as they are generally well-men liu? aud selfish men, they would try to so conduct themselves as to escape personal inconveuieuoe and punishment, and thus they would gaiu control of themselves in time to prevent their criminal proclivities from gaining control of them.?Sacred Heart Review. TEMPERANCE NEWS AND NOTES. Some men can keep drunk when they can'l keep auyttiing else. Temperauce is a tree that has contentment for its root, and peace for its fruit. ,;Britons never will be slaves." boasts the Londoner?yet he will walk three miles to gel his ale. Sir William Temple: l-.Men may lose their health without losing their senses, and be intemperate every day without being drun!< perhaps once in their lives." "A ilruuken man," says Shakespeare. '*i like a drowned man, a fool, and a madman one draught above heat, makes hiin a ool the second mads him, and a third drown: him." The deputy marshals of Alaska have considerable trouble with the Indians who rui illicit stills for the manufacture of a vilo an-J vicious decoction called hoochinoo, whicli creates in the native breast a decided longinj for somebody's blood. Of an estimated population of 29,001,018 it England and Wales, 173,036 persons were con victed of drunkenness last year. Fifteei j thousand nine hundred and forty-two wer [ convicted for being drunk on Sundays be| tween 12:30 noon and midnight. ' * -V K'gyr. RELIGIOUS READING. THE DEAREST NAME. If Jesus from our faith today Were stricken, and we knew A Godless creed must meet our need, That nothing else were true; If Jesus from our heart were cast, From pages to be read. What word, in all the realms of thought, Would answer ua instead? If Jesus, midst the mists oftime, were lost, ana we coma snow He never died, our crucified, "What could the new Creed show To take His placc, to vibrate through The prostrate human mind, To give the race a standing place, A hope for human kind? If Jesus from our Creed ioday Were stricken, who could trace Another word the world liath heard To ever take its plane; Could ever frame a sound so sweet? In all the realm of art, Who yet hnth shone a t-ingle tone So priceless to the heart? ?[Geo. Kiingle. CHARACTER. There is a structure which every responsible person i9 building, whether he intends so to do or not. That structure is character, and every public act and word of our lives is a part of that structure; and when our building is done it will be just what we have made it. If a man has been a drunkard, he will be rated a drunkard; if be has been a liar, people will estimate him a liar; if he has been all his life a man of truth and uprightness, the people will regard him a man of integrity. No man can permanently Injure our reputation but ourselves. The first thing in erecting a building is a good foundation. Without this, no matter what may be the quality of mat- rials built, the building will crumble and fall. This foundation to character is honesty. No man can be a man who is not honest.' But a man may have a good foundation, and still have an inferior building. Sec that large brick > - J? 1: J ? OUliaing, piiiceu upon a suuu iuva iwunuation, but built of brick which arc hard and soft. Soon the building will be regarded as inferior, and possibly unsafe, only because of the 80ft brick laid into the waifs. A man might be regarded upright in his dealings and a good neighbor, but liemigbt have some bad blemishes which would very greatly mar his reputation. And regard should be had to this very early in life. In order to have an unblemished reputation in age it is necessary that he should have been, upright in childhood, youth and manhood. Josh Billings says: "A man may get his reputation broken, and get it mended; but likely the public will keep their eye on the kraclc!" A man of dissolute habits might reform in after-life and be respected, but he will not carry the weight of influence that he would if be had always been upright. But the blessing of the Gospel is that it can eventually enre all our ills. Let us, then, brethren, do all in our power to get this "sovereten balm" applied to all the wayward sons of men.?[A. El.'more, in Christian Leader. EVERY CHRISTIAN IIAS A MISSION. There la perhaps no one point which requires more to be pressed on the attention of Christian men, women and children id the present day than this: that everyone is sent into the world with a mission?that is, lor some particular object. He is not sent here merely to vegetate and die; be is sent to do something for his Master; and there is no one who has not some talent which lie can employ for God. Everyone has a mission. We know what the world considers to be their mission?just to live aa happy and comfortable as they can; just to kill time without any thought of what will become of them when they are called from earth. And what do many Christians regard as their one and only business in this world? Why, tlicy think that their mission is to take care of the salvation of their own souls, and that when they havt secured that they have done all that is required of them. My friends, that is but the beginning of the work, not the end. Having been led to believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, having becoroc united to Him by a living faith ana thus been saved forever, you arc then to work, not for yourpelves only, but for your fellow-creatures? for mankind. Having been raised up "from death unto life," show the life which is in you: show it in action?press forward in your Christian course, and let your Muster see that yoj arc willing to do ail that He baa coramaifded you to do in His seryicc. Endeavor to discover what is your mission in the world. "Mission" may be a cant word, but it contains the sum' aud substance of Christian usefulness in the world. Endeavor to find out the gifts God has imparted to you, and set yourselves to work with them; and whether the door may be wide or narrow, whether it be in your power to benefit many or only a few, if you do the I trnri.- which God in His nrovfdence has i given you to do, you will at least hear your Master sayof you: "lie has done what he could." What we can is all that our Master requires.?[Sir E. Burton. HOW CAN WE ESCAPE? Wc as Christians have duties; how can we escape the displeasure of God if we neglect them? One Christian can not lay out another's work, but there is a niche where every one can find his work. If we faithfully perform the duty that is nearest us, our sphere will enlarge and we shall find plenty of work to do for the Lord. I wonder if at the last great day, we shall not be called to account for doing what was unnecessary, when we might have been doing something to advance the Kingdom of Christ, something for the help of the poor, the needy, or the outcast. How can we escape if we fail to serve God with all our heart? How many professing Christians only give the Lord a half-hearted service? The pleasures of this life have fully as much attraction as the meetings for prayer, yea even more, now 01 tea the meetings of the church are left, while its members are mingling with the busy world. Can we escape any more than could Jonah ? He was sent to perform certain duties, so are we. He was to proclaim the word of the Lord to Nineveh, so are we. Are we not in the mids-t of wickedness of all kind, are not all Christians as truly sent to proclaim Christ as was he? Yet, do we not think Jonah a little worse than ourselves? Have not we received our commauds, and our commission? Are not we to follow the wav the Lord leads us until we lay down the life which he has given? We lorgetGod, yes, we try to flee as did.Tonab. And happy are they who are led hark from the way to destruction to tbo narrow and rugged path which leads to eternal light. Again I ask bow can we c3cape if wc fail in duty, if wc heed not its call? There is a womlerful Bible promise: "As thy days, so shall thy strength be." So if tbe way does seem hard, there is the everlasting arm reudy to be our strength and support. IIow can wc escape, if we feel callorl to perforin certain work and do not do it, but run from and ignore it? Why do wc try when the love of Christ has rescued us? We who have tasted of this love should impart to others the ioy we feel, tbe hope that js within us should brighten tbe saddest hour. When soriow and atllietiou come wc cannot run away from that. Earth's pleasures will not comfort us, its greatness will not help us; but there is the Shadow of tbe Rock, the covert from the tempest, the promise I will be more to thee than any earthly friend can be. And when thy father and thy < mother forsake thee then the Lord will take thee up. ; We know the truth of the b'es?edne?s of these promises from experience when loved ( ones were taken we fled to the refuge and . was comforted. Even in the day of sore trial God was with iw, and wc trusted his love and it failed not. An exchange says: "Frances Willard denounces tight lacing in no * measured terms. She calls the tight corset the 'death line.'" Miss "VVil5 lard is opposed to tights of all kinds; most emphatically those in the liquor i line. i , ; TnE e-isiest thing in the world to do?giving advice?is the thing that * ought to be the most religiously avoidi ed. If the advice turns out to be ? good, you get no thanks; if it turns out to be bad? you get curses. * * , ^7* v ~ SABBATH SCHOOL. international lesson for november 22. Lesson Text: "Christ Betrayed.''?John xviii., 1-13?Golden Text: Mark xiv.. 41?Com mentary | 1. "When Jesus had spoken these words, He went forth with His disciples over the brook CedroD, where was a garden, into which He entered, and His desciples." Matthew and Mark say that they sung a hymn; they also give the name of the garden, Gfethseraane, and state that on the way thither Jesus loretold that upon that very night they would all forsake Him. (Math, xxvii., 30-36; Mark, xiv., 26-32.) This going forth of Jesus from the city where He should have been proclaimed king reminds us of the flight of David from the same city and over the same brook, rejected by his people and driven out by his own son. But just as surely as David was welcomed back to his city and throne so will Jesus be in due time. 2 ''And Judas also, which betrayed Him, knew the place; for Jesus ofttimes restored thither with His disciples." In chapter vii., 53; viii., 1, we read that "Every man weoj unto his own house; Jeanis went unto the Mount of Olives." ThiB He did very often, and therefore Judas knew the place well. On this occasion, Jesus and the eleven having entered the garden. He left eight of them and took Peter, James and John a little farther, then leaving them with instructions to watch and pray. He went alone into the agonies of that night, as recorded by Matthew, Mark and Luke. S. "Judas then, having received a band of men and officers from the chief priests and Pharisees, cometh thither with lanterns and torches and weapons/' Matthew and Mark speak of a great multitude with swords and staves (Math, xxvi., 47; Mark xiv., 43). Judas bad left the supper chamber before the discourse, and probably at the close of the passover feast and before the institution of tne supper. While the disciples were hearing the glorious words of Jesus's discourse and prayer Judas was busy obtaining the band by which to arrest Him whom he bad professed to lova above all others. 4. "Jesus, therefore, knowing all things that should come upon Him, went forth and said unto them, Wnom seek ye?" It is one of the greatest mercies of our lives that we know not what shall be on the morrow (Jas. v., 14), nor even what the next hour may bring to us. But Jesus went forward from Nazareth to Calvary knowing everything that should come to Him from day to day. He ever saw Gethsemane and the cross before Him, and yet went forward as calmly as He now went forth to meet His false friend and His enemies. He, however, saw beyond the sufferings a joy set before Him, a glory to be revealed (Heb. xii., 2; Luke xxlv., 26), and thus He was sustained. 5. "They answered Him, Jesus of Nazareth. Jesus saith unto them, I am He. And Judas also, which betrayed Him, stood with them " This title, ''Jesus of Nazareth," is found just twenty times in the Gospels and in the Acts. It is the title of humiliation and contempt, and yet of power; compare John 1., 45, 46, with Actsiv., 10; r., 88, reminding us that when we are willing to be despised and be nothing in the eyes of the world, then God can show His power in us. The reply of Jesus, "I am," found three times in this lesson and so often in this Gospel, reminds us of God's words to Moses, "Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, I AM hath sent me unto you (Ex. iii., 14). 6. "As soon then as He had said unto them, I am, they went backward-and fell to the ground." Bee the power of His breath; what will it be when with the breath of His lips He shall slay the wicked (Isa. xL, 4). A few rajs of light from the same Jesus of Nazareth sent Saul of Tarsus helpless to the ground (Acts xxii., 6-8), and a word following sent conviction to his heart . ( 7. "Then asked He them again, Whom seek ye? and they said, Jesus of Nazareth," Hath He so willed it they would have been like the thousands of the Assyrian army (Isa. xTTvii , 36) and never have risen to their feet again, but He allows them to recover themselves once more to approach Him when He again repeats His question as before, and they gave the same reply. If with but a truth ot their earnestness in seek* ing to take His life they bad only sought Him to give them life how different nad been the j result. 8. "Jesus snswered, I have told you that I am He; if, therefore, ye seek Me, let thes^ go their way." This time, as He repeats the great "I am," He restrains the power, and they fall not as before. When we read His word or hear it, it may come to us with power or otherwise. 9. "That the saying might be fulfilled which He spake, Of them which Thou gavest Me have 1 lost none." In this prayer He said, "Those that Thou gavest Me 1 have kept, and none of them is lost but the son of perdition; that the Scripture might be lul tilled (chapter xvii., 12). It does not appear that Judas was ever given to Him, for had he been given to Christ he could not have perished. Why Christ ever chose him, knowing him to be a devil (chapter vi., 70. 71), is somewhat of a mystery which we will better understand some day. 10. "Then Simon Peter, caving a sword, crew it and smote the higii priest's servant and cut off his right ear. The servant's name was Maichus." Here we see an unbeliever suffering througu the rashness and uu-Christlilce conduct or a disciple, and that is no uncommon circumstance m our tiua% but rather a cause of stumbling to many? 11. "Then said Jesus unto Peter, Put up thy sword into the sheath; the cup which My Father hath given Me, shall I not drink it?' Luke says that Jesus touched his ear anS healed him (xxii., 51.) Matthew says that Jesus said to Peter, "They that take the sword shall perish with the sword" (xxvi., 52), and added the words about the Father giving Him more than twelve legions of angels. But it is only John who speaks of His readiness to drink the cup which the Father gave Him. John records no such prayer as is found in the other gospels about removing the cup from Him, for this gospel is the gospel of the Son of God in power from first-Jo last. All here is perfect acquiescence in the Father's will without even a request to the contrary. 12. "Tben tbe Dana ana trie captain ami officers of the Jews took Jesus and bound HimMatthew and Mark record that now all the disciples forsook Him and fled (Math, xxvi., 56; Mark xiv., 50). Just as Jesus hed foretold fbat they would, and as the Spirit through Zechariah had also said hundreds of years before (Math, xxvi., 31; Zech., xiii., 7). Every word oil God shall be literally fulfilled in due time. 13. "And led Him away to Annas first; for he was father-in-law to Caiaphas, which was the high priest that same year." In the first chapter of this gospel we heard the words, "Behold the Lamb of God," but now we see Him, "Brought as a lamb to the slaughter" (Isa. liii., 7). Jesus Himself is the true High Priest of whom all the priests were only types, but He is also the true sacrifice in whom all sacrifices have their fulfillment. He is Burnt offering, Meat offering, Peace offering, Sin and Trespass offering all in one.?Lesson Helper. If John Chinaman Is to bs kept out of this country, United States Judges will have to stop rendering decisions like that given by Judge Hanford the other day. Heretofore the practice has been that every Celestial who came straying in here across the Canadian frontier in open violation of the exclusion act should be seized and sent back to China, his original point of departure. Now Judge Hanford claims that the intruder can be returned to Canada only as the "place whence he came." John will like nothing better than this. He will cross the frontier twenty times monthly, and enjoy it, if an obliging Uncle Sam will but return him to the Northwestern backwoods instead of to the far land of chopsticks and pigtails. It has been stated that C. P. Huntington will give 8100,000 to the man who will manage the Southern Pacific Railroad without injury to the property. There are probably 100,000 men In the field pointing lightning rods in Mr. Huntington's direction ' - < . " ,:V A Carious Indian Tradition. : The American Indiana,especially tho?! of the lake regions of Southern Canada j relate a curious tradition to account loir . [ M the fact that all lower animals are dumb.. In very, verj early times, they say, chd . M father of all tribe) lived in a beautiful! ' country over against the rising sun. Hljf form was perfcct and his face handsome! -'A in the extreme, his descendants being all ... superb specimens of humanity. Know- Jj ingof their accomplishments, and being; I * much given to flattering each other,thqrfrtlfSL became very naugnty ana arrogant, am t-'-a a punishment for their bigotry the Great Father warned the father of the tribes is V| a dream that a deluge would be seat to " drown tliem from off the face of tha earth. In the dream which forewarned , the father cf tribes of the great calam*. ity impending, there was presented to his visionary view the form and outlines of a raft, which was to be used in saving;' a remnant of this bigoted people. Ini jffl those days all animals talked as men dos -v and when the father of the tribes in-* . -I; formed the beasts of the field of hi? fj dream, and of his intentions concerning' : | the building of the great raft, they pro- V M tested, declaring their unwillingness to .3* accompany him on any such expedition. ^ ^ But the man's superior intelligence prc^i 'Jii vailed. He built the raft, and lo! hadC .|^ hardly finished when the great flood came. The man's family and pairs of every beast took passage and floated for * many months on the surface of the deluge. The clouds cleared away on tha second day after the embarkation and | for seventeen successive moons the maa | used the sun as a guide, continual!/ '<;% steering toward its place of setting. Bat >9 the animals, every one of them (who it will be remembered had the power ot_ J speech), protested against sailing to the ''?m west, declaring in one voice that they , preferred steering towards the sun'*.* rising-place. These murmurs had bee* going on for ?ome days when, to the finite joy of the man, who had been hold- ?1 ing the fort against this horde of , 5 creatures who had the voices of men and the reason of beasts, great spots of dry, gj land began to appear. Finally this ruddy; -ia constructed ark grounded, and the man. . tig and his family and the beasts were again ;:jl permitted to press the face of the earth with their feet. But a great and lasting ' ij calamity had overtakea the animals. For | their murmurs against the man while oa 1 the water they were deprived of their 1 power of speech, and have remained ^ dumb from that day.?St. Louit BepubThe Sora Bird. The sora is a bird that is found onthr -Vm high-tide marshes of the James andBi(^>^ pahannock Rivers in Virginia, in the kt>; ^ ter part of summer and in the fall. B ';>^J is rather a small bird, a kind of rail, and ^ furnishes both good sport for gunnetiM^H and a delicious dish for the table. It not protected by the game laws, for #u^j|3 excellent reason that it has the good tastr^|| to be invisible except in the gunning.^! season, and then it is always fat, plufef% Jh atid juicy. Nearly eversince John Smiti landed at Jamestown the great conua^|a drum in tide-water Virginia has been: 'f) What becomes of the sora after frost! ':< i nej oegia to appear cn mo margau ui , jn August, coming from?nobody know*)$| where. At first only a few are seen, but ;?|j| the numbers gradually increase until they'll became plentiful. When flushed by the sportsman they rise and fly only sixty or seventy feet and then alight again. They *3g fly with their long legs hold out beneath, f them, and their flight has every appear*: % anee of being labored and difficult. And; '-.M yot, after the first good frost, the sor^ disappear as completely as if they had vanished into nothingness. It is the ? most remarkable case of mysterious appearance known to natural history aodl^]j?9 has give rise to endless discussion and . much learned speculation. The mosfc?||S picturesque and ingenious theory is thafc^Lg advanced by the Virginia negroes, who rrog are convinced that as soon frost come* the sora go into the ground and turn to 'IM frogs. Less imaginative and more pracmaintain that thfl SAM. blUAl pu4ivaupuv4a MMMM ?, , "vVJ? though a lazy flyer ia the glorious and jij golden autumn of Old Virginia, nevertheless has good power of wing, and tfiat jJi when he gets a good, sharp trost on his?$S tail, he gets up and dusts industriously in search of a warmer clime. But tho (&J common-sense philosophers who hold this latter theory cannot prove it any ^ more than the darkeys can prove their vj theory that the birds go into the ground ; :'M and turn to frogs. The only thing solutely certain is that the sora vanish 3 suddenly after frost and are not seen ,^1 again until the next August. Where they go or what becomes of them is still an exciting conundrum in tide-water Vir ginia.?St. Louis Rewtblic. . yaw Boots for Stiort People. To the question whether bouts c^abo made that will give extra height to short people an English shoemaker answers . emphatically, yes. He claims by an ingenious device to have produced tha -Aj amazing result that any person may b? ' raised from half an inch to six inche* -A above his natural height,may walk,stand and even dance like other people, and the true facts of the case may be ignored, ? if he so please, by his most intimate j" friends. The change is effected by ao MS addition within the boot or shoe,instead ^ of outside of it. A. piece of cork, hol? lowed to receive the foot, is placed in- j sida the heel, and is finally graduated off i at the middle of the foot,thns preventing i-. the body from being thrjWD abruptly forward, as some people would imagine '-'j? might be the case. The foot, indeed, does not extend in reality to the toes, and it is therefore possible for those who wish to be in the latest fashion to have J a narrow pointed toe without feeling any inconvemcnce therefrom. ? Brooklyn Citizen. Smallest Locomotive iu the World 7? Henry Case, of Gloversville, N. Y.,' I has, af:er spending his spare time for fifteen years on the tasK. completed the smallest locomotive in existence. It i? made of gold, silver, steel and brass, . '*! contains 1S15 separate pieces exclu- jS sive of 668 screws and bolts and - ipS 35S rivets. It runs on a track with a gauge of 1* inches. The locomotive is inches in height and weighs 1-J pounds, and with tho tender two pounds 2? ouuees. It is 8} inchcs long or twelve with the tender. The diameter of the cylinder is 5-16 of an inch, and its stroke of piston is -J- inch. No. 60 cotton thread is used in the cab lamp and head light, which burns after being lighted about twenty minutes. The whole is a beautiful and perfect working model of the modern iron horse. ? inglon Star. Crickets are bought and sold in various