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CABINET CHANGES. ! ! Don M. Dickinson Appointed ^ Postmaster-General. Mr, Vilas Succeeds Mr. Lamar, the ! Nominee for the Supreme Court, The President on Tuesday sent the following nominations to the Senate: Lucius Q. C. I^amar, of Mississippi, to be Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Don M. Dickinson, of Michigan, to be Postmaster-General. "William P. Vilas, of Wisconsin, to be Secretary of the Interior. The President also nominated the following oflicers appointed during the recess of Con gress: Charles 3. Fairchild, of New York, to be Secretary of the Treasury: George L. Rivers, of New York, to bo Assistant Secretary of State: Isaac H. Maynard, of New York, to | be Assistant Secretary of the Treasury; Sigourney Butler, Massachusetts, to be Second Controller of the Treasury; James W. Hyatt, of Connecticut, to be Treasurer of the United States, The New Supreme Court Nominee. L, ^ "MS l< / i L. Q. C. LAMAR. Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar was | born in Putnam County, Georgia, September j 17.1835. and eraduated from Emory College | in 1845. He studied law under the Hon. A. H. Chappell, a?d was admitted to the bar in 1847. He went to Mississippi in 1849, and was made professor of mathematics in the Misissippi University. He resigned in 1850 ana went to Covington, Georgia. He established a law practice and was elected to the Legislature in 1853. In 1854 he returned to Mississippi and was sent to Congress. He sat in the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses. In 1S61 he represented his State in the Convention of the Southern Stales, [ and during the s?me year entered the Con- i federate array. In 1803 he was sent t>y rresi- | dent Davis to Russia on diplomatic business, j After the close of the war ne was s<?nt to the | Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses, I and in 1877 was sent to represent Miss ssippi bi the United States Senate, and continued to I do so until given the position of Secretary of j the Interior by President Cleveland. The New Postinaster-Genoral. { DON ML DICKINSON I Mr. Dickinson will be the youngest mem- j ber of Mr. Cleveland's Cabinet. He was I born at Auburn, N. Y., in 1S45. His father [ Asa D.ckinson, was a distant relative of j Daniel S. Dickinson, but belonged to the i Massachusetts Dickinsons. He went to ! Michigan when Don was a small boy. The j new Postmaster-General was educated at the I State University at Ann Arbor, graduating ! in 1866. Three years later he received his I ? diploma from the law school and began to I nractise. At first he had a desk in his older i brother's office. When the latter, already a rich man, went to New York to accept a retainer of $10,000 a year from one of the largest dry-Roods firms there, he gave his business to Don. On receiving this encouraging gratuity Don took into partnership another Dickinson, Julian G., who was no kin whatever to him, ; but knew how to collect debts. The two j prospered and separated, but Don held to- i gether the large collection business, in which j ne naa mane a goou <ieai 01 money, a ne urrn is now Dickinson, Hosmer & Thurber, and the senior partner is said to have an income all told of over $40,000 a year. A large part of this comes from his collection bureau, which he runs independently of the firm. He hires two or three good lawyers and a big corps of clerks and pushes the business with an energetic hand. He is famous for promptitude and never stops when he gets after a debtor until he collects his judgment and hands over the cash to his client. He is said to be worth half a million, and Mrs. Dickinson, who was a Grand Rapids girl, has a fortune of $150,000 in her own right. They have only one child, a little ?111 urn w yctti a kjiu? Mr. Dickinson is a slender, black-haired man, with b'ack side-whiskers flankine a thin, pale face. He has been a delegate-at-largo in every National Democratic Convention since 1876. Ho was an enthusiastic Cleveland man long before the Chicago Convention, and never saw the President until bo met him bv invitation in Buffalo in December, I 1?S4, when Mr. Cleveland had gone there to arrange his affairs preparatory to making his home in the White House. Then, in company with Judge Lothrop, now Minister to Kussia, Mr. Dickinson called on Mr. Cleveland. TKp two took a fancy to each other which time has only strengthened. THE NATIONAL BANKS. Figures From the Report of the Comptroller of the Currency. The report of the Comptroller of the Currency shows that the total number of. national banks organized up to October SI is 8,805, of which 625 have gone into voluntary liquidation, 119 have failed, leaving in operation at that date 3.061. f he total num ber of new ban?s formed during the last year is 225; number closed, 33, of which 25 went into voluntary liquidation, and 8 failed. The net increase in national bank capital during the year amounts to $30,572,325. On the other hand, there is a net decrease of $50,495,590 in the circulation represented by bonds. The total amount of money piid in dividends during the past year is *2,103,203.41. The affairs of five failed banks have been closed during the year, including among thorn nr>n nf fchnse which failed during the year. In four cases out of the five the credi tore have received payment of principle and interest in full. In the other case, that of n bank which failed in 1870, tho total dividends amount to w -?-*? While George Lindley was working on the banks of the Sangamon River, near Decatur, I1L, he pulled a hollow log from the water and found in it a catfish three feet six inches long, which weighed forty-two pounds. An eagle measuring nearly six feet from tip to tip of its wings, that had made a practice of roosting nightly on the steeple of a Galveston church was shot the other evening. J * - :. .. THE NEWS SUMMARY, Fast cm and Middle States. Three men were instantly killed, a fourth died in a few hours, and a fifth was fatally injured by the exp'osion of a locomotive's boiler near Hazleton, Penn. All the victims were railroad employes. Three doomed murderers imprisoned in the New York Tombs have been detected in j an attempt to escape by sawing the iron bars j of their cells. n^1? \ TTflocnl nna tnIron I vjm5 vjiuul-cskci i ~ ? . 800,000 pounds of codfish in three trips this | season, the largest catch ever landed. | John W. Qdick, a fourteen-year-old Phila- I I delphia boy. has been killed by excessive j cigarette smoking. Two factions of boys had a sanguinary fight in Erie, Penn., early the other day. I Eight participants were stabbed, two fatally, and eight arrests were made. Seventeen Massachusetts cities have been hold ng munic ipal elections. Ten cities voted for licensing saloons and four against. Two men were killed and two fatally inJ jured by the fall of a derrick at Port Richmond, Penn. Sonth and West. Four men were burned to death in the Lawrence House, Brookville, Kansas. It has been finally decided to place the bodies of the execute.! Anarchists in Mount Greenwood Cemetery, twenty miles from Chicago. Additional testimony confirms the charges of horrible cruelty mnde against the women managers of the Indiana State Female Re formatory. Jumping Don, an Indian who recently ! fired Cheyenne Agency, killed two of his guards and committed suicide with a pair of i shears. A crowd of white men at Charleston, Miss., took three negroes from jail anil shot them, on suspicion that their victims had attempted to kill a farmer. Fifty armed men attempted to "wipe out" the town of Gypsum, CoL A pitched baltlo | lasting over an hour took place. Three citi, tens and two of the mob were killed. In the habeas corpus cases of Attorneyj General Ayres and Commonwealth's Attor| neys Scott and MeCabe, of Virginia, the I United States Supreme Court decides that I AfP/.iola nf o Wf-ita flinnnf Ivt minicliAil for enforcing Stite laws. The effect of the decision is that State bond coupon? are not receivable for taxes. Five men were killed and three badly injured by the fall of a water tower at Thomasville, Ga. i Three negroes were blown to atoms by a boiler explosion in Troup County, Ua Washington. There are the unusually large number of twenty-seven red-headed men in the lower House of the present Congress. Congressman Townshend,of Illinois, proposes a consolidation of all the bureaus at Washineton in a new department, to be known as the Department of ^Industries and Public Works. The Unite! States Labor Bureau is engaged in statistics on marriage and divorce. The bureau will report to Congress all marriages and divorces granted in this country since 1807. The United States Supreme Court has decided that a State has a right to tax out of existence or confiscate a business if it is J deemed to be productive of poverty, and that no compensation can be claimed, thus upholding the prohibition l iws of Kansas. I The Secretary of the Treasury estimates the total revenue of the Government for the next fiscal year, under the laws as they now stand, at $440,503.7^4. Foreign. The second trial of Lord Mayor Sullivan, of Dublin, for printing in his paper reports of suppressed branches of the National * ? _ Ui! If.. C!..l league, resulted in a wuvil-hou. iui. ?ur livau was sentenced to two months' imprisonment, but without labor. An immense timber raft, designed for New York, has been launched at Nova Scotia. After a desperate conflict, in which there was serious bloodshed, the St. Petersburg police captured a Nihilist rendezvous and factories for the manufacture of dynamite. Twenty persons were killed and many injured by an earthquake at Besignano, Italy. The place was almost entirely destroyed, and 4,000 people are rendered homeless. The town of Bogliana has also been badly damaged. Thrke railway employes were killed and two injured by the explosion of a train loco motive's boiler at Steliarton station, iNova Scotia. Lord Ltons, lato British Ambassador to Paris, and in 1858 British Minister to the United States, is dead in his seventieth year. M. Gavard (Radical) has been elected President of Switzerland. Lord Mayor Sullivan, of Dublin, has been taken to Tnllamore jail, to serve h s sentence of two months' imprisonment for publishing in his paper accounts of proclaimed branches of the Irish National League. LATER NEWS. There is danger of a coal famine all over Minnesota, and coal is ?10 a ton, with prospect of a largo advance when the blizzards come. A fire at Portsmouth, Ohio, destroyed the Buckeye Flouring Mills. M. W. Anderson the owner, and a fireman were killed and three other firemen dangerously injured. The skeleton of a man eight feet four inches high has l>een uneari hcd at Nogales, Arizona. It is thought the skeleton was one of the pre- | historic men whose monuments of industry still adorn the Territory's plains ar,d valleys. THREE colored men were naagoa near Rives, Tenn., by a crowd of citizens for assaulting a ten-year-old girL The Wool Growers and Wool Dealers of the United States, in unnual session at Washington, passed resolutions of remonstrance ajainst tlie President's Message, because,they claim, it was an attack upon their .ndustry. A general Christian conference, under the auspices and direction of the Evangelical Alliance for the United States, of which William E. Dodge, of New Yori', is President, has just been held at Washington. Many prominent clergymen and laymen from all of the Evangelical denominations in this country were present. M. Carnot has been installed as President of Franco in the Elys -e Palace, and M. Goblet has formed a new Cabinot. Gold in large quantities has been discovered in Wales. i James G. Blaine, in an interview at Paris \ with a New York Tribune representative, ; made a long argument against President Cleveland's Message recommendations rej specting free trado and the surplus. Mr. Blaino thinks the tax on tobacco should be j repealed atouce; that on whisky should bo retained aud the surplus used to fortify our seacoast. ? A CHINESE FEUD. Bloody Work Among the Chinamen of San Francisco. San Francisco detectives have learned that the murder of a Chinaman named Lee Wy, in Chinatown, the other night, is the result of one of those deadly feuds that are carried on by Chinese societies in this country. The Bam Jup Company, a large and powerful organization, which mude its own laws for the Chinese belonging to it, split som9 time ago Into two fact ons cal'ed the Bo Sin Seer and the Kin Rin Kmr Soma hiehbinders cf the Kie Sin Seer 1 action killed two men of the Bo Sin Seer, and the latter faction commissioned a trusty cut-throat named IjOong Ah Tick to avenge the s'aughter of its members. Leong Ah Tick accordingly killed Lee VVy, who happened to be the first Kie Sin Seer man who came in range of his pistol. After the latter murder a party from the Kie Sin Seer went to the hendquai tersof the Bo Sin Soor faction, and, tearing down the sign over the door, chipped it into pieces. This is considered the greatest indignity that can be oll'erod a highbinder's organization, and can only be wiped out bj blood. THE TREASURY REPORT. Secretary Fairchild Upon the Country's Finances. Sis Views Upon the Disposition of | the Surplus Revenue, Secretary of the Treasury Fairchild's report on the finances of the country shows that the total ordinary receipts of the Governmonf. fmm nil cnnr/w for the fiscal year snded June 30, 18S7, were $371,403,277.66, the principal sources of the revenue being $217,286,893.13 from the customs and $118,823,391.22 from the internal revenue. Tho total ordinary expenditures were $315,835,42112; leaving a surplus of $55,567,4S9.5i, which, with an amount drawn from the cash balance in the Treasury of $24,455,720.47, makes a surplus of $80,023,570. As compared with the fiscal year 1880, the receipts for 1887 . have increased $34,003^550.60. There was an increase in the expenditures of $25,449,041.47. The revenues for the present actual and esti- I mated fiscal year are $933,000,000, and the | expenditure for the same period, actual ana i estimated, are $316,817,785.48 of the surplus revenues After paying a high tribute to the ability of his predecessor, the Hon. Daniel Manning, and stating that it is not necessary to do other than follow in the general lines laid down by him, Secretary Fairchild says circumstances have heightened the urgency of taxation reform as affecting the surplus revenues, by which he desires to be understood the money which annually remains in I the Treasury after collection of all taxes and j the payment of expenses and obligations exI cept principal of the interest bearing date. To the question "what shall do uone wnu this surplus revenue?" the Secretary offers three suggestions, as follows: " (1.) l'ne purchase of the interest bearing debt of the Government ('- ) Larger expenditures by Government for other purposes than the purchase of bonds, so that they shall each year equal the taxation that year. (3.) Reduction of the revenue from taxation to the amount actually required to meet necessary expenses." - r\9 H/\nH<a t.hfl J ua tug luutuji vi pui v> ?? Secretary Bays that it has this merit, that the interest on the bonds ceases with their purchase; and is of the opinion that it the circulation of the money of such purchase is not of more benefit to business than the amount saved by the cancellation of the debt, t hen the taxation is a burden to the people to that extent. Tne Government has never paid a gold premium for its bonds, save in three instances?in 1880, 1881, and again in the current fiscal year. The Government, with these exceptions, has always been in position where it could purchase or call its bonds at par or less, and has been in posit.on the past twenty-two years to apply the vast surplus to retirement of interest-bearing debts on fairly good terms. There was in the Treasury December 1st, barring all obligations, $55,258,701.19, which, it is estimated, will be increased by the end of the year to *140,000,0,0. under present tax and appropriation lawa The Secretary does not favor the enlargement of the expenditures of the Government simply to expend w'n VvTT fo TO f Jnn Iliuuejr lajsju uj kuuuuii, The Secretary does not favor decrease of revenue from customs by increasing rates of duties, as it would increase taxation for more than it would decrease revenues. He does not think it well to "abolish or reduce internal taxes; it is a tax m>on whisky, beer, and tobacco," which are only in a small sense necessary to health or happiness; but he favors reduction of revenues from customs taxation, which should also be reformed as to their abuses and inequalities. He would add [ to the free list as many articles as possible, I and reduce duties upon every dutiablo article i to the lowest point possible. The gross receipts of tho Government for I the fiscal year wei'd $5'?5,844,177.C'J?-$398,534,- j 669.95 was in the Treasury and sub-Treasur- } ies and $127,309,507.7] was in national bank j depositories. Tho Secretary thinks steps j should be taken to keep the standard silver dollar in its proper place. The Secretary shows that there are 3,805 national banks?2,219 being creations of Congress and 580 converted from State institutions?with captital stock of $30,572,325; surplus, $10,004,250.10; deposits, $70,508,718.31. Collections from internal revenue during the fiscal year amounted to $118,837,3o1.0d| being an increase over the collections of 1880 of $1,934,431.02. INTERIOR DEPARTMENT, j A Summary of Secretary Lamar's j Annual Ileport. Secretary Lamar, in his annual report of ' the Interior Department, says of the Indians: | rue flve civilized trioe3 01 me mama territory embrace a population of about 04,000, mil the Six Nations of New York number 1,002. These being self-sustaining, it is not | necessary for the present purpose to introi iuco any statistics of their industrial oper! ations. j There are also about 19,500 Indians scat; tered over the public domain and not living on any reservations under charge of Indian ngents, therefore no specific information of their industrial pursuits is at hand. The statistics compile 1 fro u the annual reports of the various United States Indian ! Qornntc tf\ f.hn PnmmicQiAnflr f\t Indian Af fairs represents that of the remaining 173,600 Indians under their supervision 58,00J wear citizens' clothes wholly; that 10,477 hous?s are occupied by them; that 35.000 can speak English with sufficient intelligence for ordinary conversation; that | more than 10,500 of their children are i in schools receiving educational and industrial training, for whom 2.J7 schools are iu operation, and that over 81,000 families are engaged in industrial pursuits. They have cultivated over SW,00) acres, built over 21)5,000 rods of fencing, produced over 750,000 I bushels of wheat, 050,000 bushels of corn, | 402,000 bu-hels of oats, 08.000 bushels of [ barley and rye, 514,000 bushels of vegetables | I and 83,0U0 pounds of butter. Besides the above they have gathered for use and Kile considerable quantities of wild rice, berries, herbs, furs, tish and snike root, &c. They have sawed 1,552,07!) feet of lumber, cut 74,' *0 cords of wood, and 102,000 tons of hay. Th<iy own over tf!?2,0o0 horses, 8,000 mules, 11:5,0 '0 cattle, 40.000 swine and 1,120 000 sheep. Droughts have seriously affected the yield of their crop the past year. The results are regarded as falling far short of guaranteeing: an early consummation of the policy of a complete Indian civilization. | Thi only alternative perceived for the Indian race is absolute extinction or a quick entrance into the pale of American civilization. The general allotment law of February 8,1887, is alluded to as the most imjwrtant measure of legislation ever enacted in this country affecting Indian affairs, and is regarded in the report as presenting the only escape open to these people from the dire alternative of impending extirpation. The department has begun the work of | making allotments under the law, and it is proceeding quietly and cautiously. The aim has been to proceed with the work of allotting lands on those reservations | where the Indians have made the great: e6t progress and where thiir disposition and i general cond tions promise success in this I important movement L nder the head of pensions the report calls I attention particularly to suggestions of the ' Commissioner of Pensions for additional leer I islation that will tend to the harmonious and ; equitable administration of the laws I now governing the granting of pensions, ] and will remove many of the inconsistencies and incongruities of existing law and I very many of the present causes of coml plaint. The report ndils to these suggestions ! one to the eiFect that widows who may remarry and who may subsequently become widows or be divorced without fault upon their part should have their p nsions revived to them for the period of such second widow j The appeals to tlio Secretary of tho Interior of pension claimants dissatisfied with the adjudications of tho Bureau of Pensions have Increased year by year, and thero were ppnd; ing on the 1st of January, l>-87, 3,81)4. The I nominal bnlance of 008 appeals now perdinsj | before tho department is merely technical j and does not express tho actual number of appoal cases which can bo acted upon by the department at the present time. A large marsh near Switz City, Ind., which has hitherto been a resortofwild game during their migration South, was recently drained, and sportsmen say it is a wonderful sight now to see vast flocks of duoks and geese circle around above their old renting place and then fly slowly away as if disappointed. " j. - ,/t ~ U: ' ' " . - 'JC :'.:-rT?h'-& FRANCE'S NEW PRESIDENT. The Man Who Has Been Chosen M. Grevy's Successor. I The above is a faithful likeness of the sue- J cassor of Jules Grevy as President of the , French Republic?M. Marie Francois Sadi- j Carnot FARMING- INTERESTS, Thn Annual Kenort of the Commis sioner of Agriculture. The Commissioner of Agriculture, In his annual report, recommends substantially the abolition of the seed division of the department, and the transfer of its duties to the State and Territorial experiment stations. Tho directors of these institutions, he says, ought to know what kind of seed the farmers of their respective neighborhoods are interested in. and what kinds are best adapted to each locality. "If," he says, "this work of testing and distributing seed could /Iawa Vm? ofafiAne onH f.Ka Hflnflrfmpilf. UC UUUO KfJ l/UD OUaviUUO) UUU vuv ?>vp? be relieved of this duty, it would enable it to work in other directions of great importance to the agricultural interests of the country." The Commissioner discusses the scope and functions of the departmenti in a way which leaves room for the plain inference that he disapproves the efforts to make it an executive department, with a member of the Cabinet at its bead. The department's position, he thinks, should be that of an adviser in those investigations aud enterprises which bear upon the agricultural interests of the country. "In the beginning," he says, "the department may have been an experiment, but its condition now should leave no doubt as to the precise relation which the department should hold to the Government. The development has been natural, and there may be a valuable lesson in the history of its evolution." The Commissioner says it is yet too early to 1? rncnlfo in LUUKU au OiliUtti OMUnni^ilu VI vuu i vouiku ?it | detail of the present year's experiments in the development of sorghum sugar manufacture; "but." he adds, "enough is known already to enable this country to anticipate at an early day the production of a sugar supply from a plant as easy of cultivation as corn, but little circumscribed by climatic influences, and one whose by products have a value equal to the cost of raising." On the subject of our wheat surplus he says: "The comparative prominence of this country in its wheat surplus may not be Wkila aiih ovnnrf.o pu^uittl IJ ICailMM. II UliO wui ^ have exceeded 130,003,000 bushels per annum for ten years, those of Russia were about G0,u00,000 bushels and those of India 24,000,000 bushels in round numbers, for the last decade. Other lands contribute only a very small surplus?Australia, Chili, the Argentine Republic, and others, only a few millions each?and the combined surplus of all nations docs not equal that of this country." The report treats of the work of the Bureau of Animal Industry in preventing the spread of pleuro-pneumonia from infected counties, and says that there has not been a time in years when this malady has been confined to such restricted areas as at present. If the State authorities continue their co operation and Congress makes an appropriation equal to that of the present year, the Commissioner believes that this dangerous disease can be exterminated by the end of the next fiscal year. THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL, Work Done Daring the Year In Mr. Garland's Office. Attorney-General Garland says in his annual report that the number of ordinary suita now pending in tha Court of Claims is 1,110, involving the sum of $13,'250,000. The num Der 01 cases nieu unaer c:ia uowraau nci is i,819,involving about 850,000,000. The petitions filed in the French spoliation cases number 5,510, representing 2,3M> vessels and about $30,<i00.00j. The amount reported in favor of claimants in the eighty-one of these coses passed upon, is about $4.i5,000, varying in sums from $66 40 to $45,318.66 In the course of the fiscal year 1,777 civil suits were terminated. In 922 of these, judgments were for the United States, in 102 for tbe defendants. The aggregate amount of judgments rendered in favor of the United States was $1,651,250. and the amount actually collected on these judgments was $152,558. The Attorney General says he is now more *- : 1 -J -I l..i. tuau ever uuuvuitwi ui tuo auouiuui ucm ui a government penitentiary. He 8iy3 that the cost of conducting a government penitentiary w.ll not be greater eventually than the cost of subsisting the prisoners in the various penitentiaries throughout the country will be. He advocates the appointment of a commission to inquire into the advisability of building Government penitentiaries and a reformatory. The Attorney-General urges an appropriation for the erection on the ground adjacent I to the Department of Justice, of a suitable j building for the accommo lation of the iSu- { preme Court and other courts and commissions of the United States. A reorganization of the Department of Justice in accordance with the increased amount and important character of its business is also urged. THE WAR DEPARTMENT. A Year's Work In the Secretary of War's Oilice. The annual report of the Secretary of War shows that the expenditure made by the Department during the last fiscal year amounted to $41,886,165. The estimates for the next fiscal year aggregate $53,388,710 against an apprpriation for the current vear of $31,055,:>02. Th j increase is caused by the incorporation of an estimate of $22,SJO.lol for public works, including river and harbor improvements. The expenditures on this account for the current year amount to only fl,:J08,4<)!>. There is also an increase of about $1.5'>0,000 in the estimate for the military establishment, army and military academy. The report says that the buildings, fortifications, public works and grounds in the Division of the Atlantic are everywhere in need of repair or reconstruction. On tho entire Atlantic and Gulf Coast line of 2,870 miles and the Northern frontier of 2.510 miles the cole armament is 142 rifled guns, of which 110 are obsolete and of very lo^v power. Even the few serviceable rifled guns that are mounted are but of little value. oume oi Lnum ure iiiuiinwni uii uiu vu.inu.0^-, and all are without adequate protection. It is earnestly hoped, that if guns cannot be had for fortifieat:o:is, appropriations can be made for th'j purchase or manufacture of enough guns to employ the artillery and fit thein for ny emergency. Touching Geronimo and his fellow captives, now confined at Fort Pickens and Mount Vernon Barracks, tho report says that they are contented, perform their work with alacrity, and thus far their conduct has been excellent. Attention is called to the fact that the Pacific Coast is d 's; itute of fortifications,guns and armament of every description, while t<an Francisco is without a single gun which can be fired with safety with present charges of powder aim modern projccuies. The druggist's clerk in Kansas wuo was fined $20,8iMJ and sentence 1 to seventeen yeais' imprisonment for ~U8 violations of the prohibitory la w, bus been let o.T with a $000 fiue and two years1 imprisonment. Peter Lawson, a Swede, of Goshen, cat., is ninety-fix years old und confidently expects to live many years yet, because,as he declares, his grapdmuther -lived to be 120 years old. THE TEAR 1888. 100 tal&IS S'NM"*! 00 oo -?1^1 E-?? 00 CO 5 J j > ? 00 ? ?S -a ? * C 'a zi 3 ^ K a & ? 3! ~ ^ ii ~ 5. ? % Jan. 1334567 July 1234567 8 9 10 11 12 13 14! 8 9 10 11 13 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21, 15 1617 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 ? 22 ? 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 . 39 30 3? Peb 123 4 Aug 1334 5 6 7 8 9 10 ill 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 12 13 14 >5 16 >7 19 20 21 M 33 24 25 19 20-? 22 23 24 25 26 ? 38 20 26 27 28 29 30 31 ... Mar 1 2 3' Sept 1 45678910 3345678 II 13 13 14 15 16 17 9 1? 11 '2 13 14 15 18 19 20 31 32 23 34 16 17 18 19 ? 31 33 35 36 ? 38 29 30 31 33 24 25 26 37 38 39 ! on Apr. i a 3 4 5 6 7! Oct. T. 1 a 3 4I 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 789 >o " 13 '3 15 16 17 18 10 ao ail 14 15 16 17 18 ? 20 aa 23 24 35 ? 37 a8i ai aa a3 34 35 26 37 39 30 a8 ag 30 31 May ...*13345 Nov 133 6 7 8 9 10 11 ia[ 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 13 14 15 16 17 18 ig 11 ia 13 14 15 16 17 ao ai 33 33 24 ? a6 ? 19 20 31 33 33 34 37 28 29 30 31 35 36 37 38 39 30 ... June 1 a Dec 1 3456789 2345678 10 11 13 13 14 15 16 9 1011 12 13 14 15 17 l8 19 20 21 22 ? ID 17 ? 19 20 21 22 34 35 36 37 38 3Q 30; 33 24 25 26 27 28 29 I ...I 30 3' Eclipses for 1888. In the year 1883 there will be five Eclipses ?three of the Sun, and two of the Moon. 1. A Total Eclipse of the Moon, January 2Sth, visible generally throughout North and South America, Europe, Asia and Africa 2. A Partial Eclipse of the Sun, February 11th, 6:02 in the evening; invisible in North America; visible in southern part of South America and South Pole. 3. A Partial Eclipse of the Sun, July 9th, 1:32 in the morning-invisible in America: visible in the Indian Ocean. . rri _ a _ * n.li .?A1? If T..1~ 00,1 iV. IOUU ILUiipStt Ui l/UO iuuuu, uui.y ??u and 23d; visible generally throughout North and South America, and portions of Europe, Africa and the Pacific Ocean. 5. A Partial Eclipse of the Sun, August 7th, 1:25 in the afternoon; invisible in the United States. This Eclipse is chiefly visible in the Arctic Ocean, Norway and Sweden, portions of Denmark and Greenland, and the extreme northerly parts of North America and Asia. j Morning Stars. Evening Stars. | Venus, until July 11. Venus, after July 11. Mars, until April 12. Mars, after April 12. | Jupiter, until May 21, Jupiter, after May 21 i n i t?r Tlf><r R. until Dec. 8. Saturn, until Jan. 22, Saturn, after Januafter Aug 1. ary 22. Mercury, until Jan. Mercury, until March 18, after March 3, S, after May 10, July 8, Oct. 31. Aug. 23, Dec. 28. Planets Brightest. Mercury, March 30th,. July 23th, Nov. 18th, rising then just before the Sun; also Feb. 17th, June 12th, Oct. 8th, setting then just after the Sun. Venus, not this year. Jupiter, May 21st. Mars, April 10th. Saturn, Jan. ! 22d. i The Fonr Seasons. Winter begins December 21, 1887, and lasts ! 89 days. ! Spring begins March 19, 1888, and lasts 92 ! days. i Ktimmop hocrins .Tnn? 20.188S. and lasts 94 days. Autumn begins September 22, 1888, and lasts 8.1 days. Winter begins December 21, 1888. GREVY RESIGNS. Tlic French President Retires From Oitice. President Grevy's resisnation as Chief Executive of the French Republic was sent to the President of the Senate and Chamber of I Deputies on Friday. At 1:25 p. M. crowds were in front of the Chamber of Deputies. The police cleared the approaches iu the vicin.ty. Soon after the open ng of the Chamber the message of resignation was read. The Deputies received the message with j profound silence. M. Floquet read a letter from the President of the Senate summoning a Congress of the two Chambers at Versailles to-morrow, for the mimosa of electincr a new President. The sitting then closed amid cries o? "Vive la Republiquel" At 4:30 P. m. group of people had begun to assemble in front or the Palais Bourbon in Paris. Louise Michel, the Socialist leader, attempted to force an entrance into the building, and was placed under arrest. MM. Camelinat and Dugiiercy, Extremist Deputies, with Ernest Roche, of the Inlransiqeant, tried to harangue a crowd in front of the Palais Bourbon, but were prevented by police. Afterward they proceeded to the Hotel de Ville, followed by a mob. The guards dispersed the crowd, but permitted the two Deputies to enter. On a pretest that the Republic was threatened, hundreds of Revolutionists and Socialists, followed by a big crowd composed of all elements, started for the Hotel de Ville in f.Vio oroninir PnliVn nnH nftv?lrv r>hnrcpd tho mob, which retaliated with a yolley of stones. About sixty persons were wounded. The mob was dispersed. M. Marie Francois Sadi-Carnot was elected President of the French Republic, succeeding M. Urevy. M. Carnot received till) votes out of 820 cast by the Congress of the Senate and Chamber of Deputies. The announcement of h;s elec lion was receivea wnn cries oi -vivo la Republique!" M. de Freycinet and M. Ferry, the strongest opponents of M. Carnot, withdrew in his favor when they found their own chances hopeless. The Royalists clung to General Saussier and General Appert throughout the sessioa The vote was as follows: M. Sadi-Carnot, 616; General Saussier, lfcW, M. Ferry, 11; M. de Freycinot, 5; General Appert, 5: M. Pyot, 1. Marie Fraiuoii Sadi-Carnot, the newlyelected President of the French Republic, is a French civil engineer and a native of Limoges, where he was born August 11, 1837. His father, Hippolyte Carnot, is a life Senator of the Republic. He studied at the Paris Polytechnic School and afterward at the Sc hool of Bridges, and after graduating was made engineer in charge at Annecy. In 1871 he became Prefect of the Lower Seine, and Commissioner Extraordinary to organize the national defense of the three departments of the Lower Seine, L'Eure and Calvados. In February of the same year he was elected a representative to the National Assembly, and took his seat with the Republican Left, for which he acted as Secretary. He voted for all the ni-nnrtonri ff\f tho HnHniffl PQfAhllQh. u1du^ui to pi upvjvv* avt miu mvumiw ment of a republic and for all the provisions of the new Constitution, ana was recognized as one of the foremost leaders of the strict Republican party. In the general ! elections of Februrary, 187tf, M. Sadi-Carnot was elected to the Chamber of Deputies, from Beaune, by a vote of 7.053 against 5,700 cast for his two opponents. In the new chamber he adopted the samo course which had characterized him in the Assembly, standing shoulder to shoulder wil h the out and out Republicans. Ho was elected Secretary of the j Chamber and was one of tho 3t>'i Deputies of j the Left who united to refuse a vote ! of confidence in tho De Broglie Ministry. In j the elections of tho following year his con stituonts supported his action by re-electing i him by a vote of 7.6S4 against 5,$i4 given to I the candidate of tho Administration. M. Sadi-Carnot was appointed Under Sec- j ' etary of Public works under President ! MacMahon's administration in 1S7S, j and in 1880 ho was appointed Min- ! ister of Public Works under President ! Grevy. Ho held tins portfolio until ' 1SJ52, when he was mado Minister of Finance, i a position to which ho w as re-appointed January 7, lSbfi, in tho Do Freycinet Cabinet. ! He held this until the Goblet Min- j lsiry came into power, i/ctunmi *>, 188U, when he was succeeded by H. \ Albert Dauphin. M. Carnot has at his I command ft great deal of information regard- j ing the interior affairs of the republic, and i is especinlly conversant with the public ! works of the couutry. Ho was principally ! prominent in the Chamber in the I discussion concerning these works, | railroads, navigation, and the interior policy | of theadininisir itiOT). Hisoidy literary work , nf nnfo ic ! M-ono'ntinn of John St.uarfc Mill's "Hcvolutionof IS is an 1 its Detractors." He lias a wife and five children. The forest fires in Illinois have done much i good as well as great damage. They have destroyed the myria<!s of chinch bugs that i ruined the corn crop last season. Before the Arcs started the fields and woods were swarm ing with the bugs. j " ' rT' ^ SUMMARY OF CONGRESS, Senate Proceedings. 1st Day.?At the opening of the Fiftieth Congress the Senate Chambar -wore a fresh and tasteful appearance. The floors and galleries were newly carpeted, and the desks glistened in their coat of varnish, the odor of which mingled faintly with that of the bouquets and gorgeous floral devices which enlivened the picture. The Senator most favored in the matter of flowers was Mr. Daniel, of Virginia. The devices were all of mammoth proportions, and covered not only his desk and chair but overlapped upon the desks of his neighbors. Tne galleries were filled, Mrs. Cloveland being conspicuous among the visitors. The diplomatic gallery was filled by members of the various legations, the rront seat oeing occupied Dy me onineso Minister, his secretaries and associates. The | Senate Chaplain, Rev. J. G. Butler, opened the proceedings with prayer. The President of trie Senate, Mr. Ingalls, then took the chair and called the Senate to order. He said he would now place before the Senate the certificates of election, the certificates of appointment and other papers received since the adjournment In the swearing in of Senators-elect, Mr. Hoar made objection to the administration of the oath to Mr. Faulkner, of West Virginia, until certain questions to which his credentials gave rise could be nRirari nnon hv the Committee on Privileges and Elections. At the suggestion of Mr. Kenna, the matter was referred to that Committee without a vote, and the swearing in of Senators continued. At the conclusion of this ceremony Messrs. Hoar and Morgan were appointed as a committee to notify the President that the Senate was ready to receive the message, and at 1 o'clock the Senate adjourned. 2d Day.?Mr. Harris suggested that bills and memorials might be introduced and referred. Mr. Hoar opposed the proposition, stating that it was an ancient custom of the Senate not to enter upon any ordinaay business until after hearing the communication from the President, at the beginning of the session. That was a mark of respect due from the legislative department of the Government to the Executive. He therefore moved a recess for half an hour. The motion was agreed to. After the recess the President's Messige was received and read. Adjournment followed. 3d Day.?A letter from the Interior Department was read, asking for an appropriation of $77,495 to complete the publication of the final report of the census of 1880, four of the twenty-two volumes being still uncom pleted. Laid on the table.... After the presentation of several other communications from beads of departments and the Court of Claims. and some business of minor importance, the Senate adjourned. The House was not in season. Honse Proceedings. 1st Day.?Long before noon the gal: leries of the House were crowded to their utmost capacity with spectators of both sexes, drawn together to witness the opening scenes of the Centennial Congress. At noon the Clerk of the House called the body to order, and was about to call the roll when a man in the gallery started a Salvation army hymn, which he sang lustily until ejected by a" doorkeeper, which was not until several minutes had elapsed, as the crowd impeded the officer in his attempt to reach the musician. The Clerk then proceeded with the roll call amid a good deal of confusion, caused by gentlemen renewing old acquaintances or forminc new ones amid much talk and laughter. Tho pages were kept busy carrying belated bouquets and floral designs to the proper recipients. After roll call Mr. Carlise, of Kentucky, was re-elected Speaker by llfcJ votes to 148 for Mr. Reed, of iu'aine, and 2 for Mr. Brumra, of Pennsylvania. Mr. Carlisle made a speech of thanks, in ich he directed attent.on to the important labors which would devolve upon tha present Congress, and dealt with much stress on the imperative necessity of such a moderate and reasonable reduction of the tariff as would guarantee the laboring people against the effects of financial depression and at the same time not deprive them of any part of the just rewards of their toil. The work of orgaj nixing the House was thca proceeded with. I Tim Honsa was then called bv States, and the oath of office administered, after which Messrs. Cox. Randall and Cannon were appointed a committee to wait upon the President and inform him that the House was ready to receive any communication he should see lit to make. 2d Day.?Mr. Miller (Texas) offered a resolution directing the Speaker to appoint the Committees on Rules, Accounts, Enro.led Bills and Mileage, each to consist of the same number of members a3 is provided for by the rules of the Forty-ninth Congress, and referring the rules of the Forty-ninth Congress to the Committee on Rulea when appointed. Adopted....Several amendments to the House rules were proposed The President's Message was received and read, and then the House adjoined. PROMINENT PEOPLE. Senator Edmunds and his daughters equestrionize about Washington daily. PlGG is a Probate Judge in Ohio. Hogg if a member of Congress. Bacon is a customhouse officer. General Grant's widow visits ber husband's tomb in Riverside Park, New York, every Sunday. General Sheridan's four children are hii 'picturesque escort to the War Department in Washington. Senator Mitchel, of Oregon, is going to do his best tliis winter to have a navy yard established on Puget Sound. Nathaniel Clapp, the inventor of the absorbent cotton, is now eighty-five years ol age. He lives at Dedbam, Mass. The youngest college professor in the country is Willis H. Bocock, of Hampden-Sidney College, Virginia. He is only twenty years old. Potter Palmer, the Chicago millionaire, was earning $10 a month in a country store in Pennsylvania before he went to Lake City in 1837. The largest plantation in the South is owned by ex-Governor Alcorn, of Mississippi, who has 4,000 acres under cultivation in Cohoama county. DonM. Dickinson is about 45 years old. is in line health and strong in mind ana body. He is a la wyer and at the head of a very prosperous firm in Detroit; Joan W. Young, Brigham Young's oldest son, is said to be a successful business man and a shrewd builder of railroads in Utah territory, xxo uua umj imtx yviyco. David Dudley Field, the prominent Not? York Jawyer, takes exercise at the age of 82 years by walking eight miles every day and riding horseback for an hour besides. Healy, the artist, is painting Mr. Blaine's portrait in Paris, having solicited permission. Mr. Blaine undergoes a course of gymnastic exercise daily for the benefit of his nealth. President Ci.kvei.and is learning to ride horseback at a Washington riding school to reduce his weight. He is taking a course of lessons in equestrianism preparatory to riding outdoors. Roland Nickerson, son of the President of the First National Hank in Chicago and heir to a fortune of $ >,000,000, employs himself in cooking the food for the 10,000 street car horses in the city. NEWSY GLEANINGS. Deer are reported very numerous in parts of Maine. Ostrich feathers have fallen from $300 to a pound. Mon'keytown is the name of a new postoffice in Yazoo County, Misi A Graxd Rapids (Mich.) firm made 200,00) base balls the past season. A Leghorn rooster that strums on the io tho rrr\r?. 1 rumrtSA nf SaIgIII 5JT ~ ?""" e"~ i Three Mormon cldnrs have been preach- I Ing in tho mountains of Roanoke County, Va. The manufacture of false teeth for horses is mentioned among the industries that are springing up. Since 18<J0 our manufactures have increased from an annual product of $1,800,000,000 to $7,000,000,0J0. A fifteen-year-old New Jereev boy has been dangerously sick from smoking cigarettes, of which ho used eighty a day. ? ? * "vr n . j# j xi_;. Uaptian JcSAUI.dry, oi jew oeaiora, tms year killed thirty-five whales, and secured 2,800 barrels oi' oil and 48,000 pounds of bone. A citizen of Petersburg, Va., who is 6eventy-tive 'years old and is the father of thirty-six children, has just taken his eighth wil'o. Fifty-nine survivors of the 600 who charged at Balaklava thirty-nine years a^o, 1 held their annual reunion in London a few diet's a?o. .. . THE PRESIDENT'S MESSA6E.il """"" To the Congress of ths United States: (j| You are confronted at the threshold of yoor legislative duties with a condition of the n*? tional finances which imperatively demands HI Immediate and careful consideratiox jMfl The amount of money annually exacted, H$i through the operation of present laws, from |H9 the industries and necessities of the peopl*, BH largely exceeds the sum necessary to meet the HI expenses of the Government. HH When we consider that the theory of oar In- HB stitutions guarantees to every citizen the fall enjoyment of all the fruits of hia industry and IH enterprise, with only such deduction as maj be his share toward the careful and econom- H9| malnfunon/m nf tH? fZtwrmw*mAttf. protects him, it is plain that the exaction of more than this is indefensible extortion,and * Bg| culpable betrayal of American fairness and H justice. This wrong inflicted upon thorn who H bear the burden of national taxation, lik? HE other wrongs, multiplies a brood of evil con- HS sequences. The public treasury, which should^ only exist as a conduit conveying the peo* pie's tribute to its legitimate objects of ex* HHj penditure, becomes a hoarding place toe HH money needlessly withdrawn from trade and the people's use, thus crippling our national IB energies, suspending our country's development, preventing investment in productive HH enterprise, threatening financial disturbance, HQ and inviting schemes of the public plunder. This condition of our Treasury is not altogether new, and it has more than once of late HB been submitted to tbe people's representative* H| in the Congress, who alone can apply e R remedy. And yet the situation still continues, with aggravated incidents, more than ever HE piesaciu;? financial convulsion and widespread disaster. It will not do to neglect this situation because its dangers are not now palpably Hfl imminent and apparent They exist none tMless certainly, and await the unforeseen andunexpected occasion when suddenly they will K be precipafced on us. On the 30th day of June, 1885, the excev- HH of revenues over public expenditures after HO complying with the annual requirements c?' H the sinking fund act was$l7,8otf,735.84; during the year ended June 30,1886, such excem- MH amounted to $49,405,545.20, and during the BH year ended June 30, 1887, it reached the sum H| Of $55,507,840.54. Hj The annual contributions to the sinking fund during the three years above specified, BB amounting in the aggregate to $138,058, 330.94, ana deducted from the surplus as stated, were made by calling in for that pur- H post outstanding. 3 per cent, bonds of the Gotera meet During the six months prior tth Jane 30,1887, the surplus revenue had grown so large by repeated accumulations, and it HI TVttO IWMtM tUQ TTlbUUianCU Ul lUUKIOaV DUUi of money needed by the people would so street .^K the business of the country, that the sum of Bwl 179,864,100 of such surplus was applied to the Hfl payment of the principal and interact of the- H| 3 per cent bonds still outctanding.and which. HH were then payable at the option of the Government The precarious condition of flnan- ' HR cial affairs among the people still needing , relief, immediately after the 30th day of ' I June, 1887, the remainder of the S per cent bonds then outstanding, amount- BD ing with principal and interest tothe sum of $18,877,500. were called in and applied to the sinking fund contribution forthe current fiscal year. Notwithstanding HH these operations of the Treasury Department representations of distress in business circles* not only continued but increased, and abeo- H9 lute peril seemed at band. In these circum- 'H stances the contributions to the sinking fund for tbe current fiscal year was at once com- BM K.t il>* Jlh.M n* *07 dtU -W? ftK <r> UJ UiDCA^UUlKUtUUi |WljU</I|WAAVV,UI>' the purchase of Government bonds not yet due bearing 4 and 4)? per cent interest, the premium paid thereon averaging about 24 per* cent for the former and 8 per cent for the latter. In addition to thi? the interest accruing during the current year upon the outstanding bonded indebtedness of the Govern* ment was to some extent anticipated, and I banks selected as depositories of public money, were permitted to somewhat increase their deposits. , ,-f, While the expedients thus employed, to release to the people the money lying idle in the Treasury, served to avert immediate danger, our surplus revenues have continued to accumulate, the excess for the present year : amounting on the 1st day of December to $56,25d,701.19, and estimated to reach the sum of #113,000,000 on the oOth of June next at which date it is expected that this sum, added to prior accumulations, will swell the \ surplus in the Treasury to $L40,000,(XX). , Ihere seems to be no assurance that with such a withdrawal from use of the people's circulating medium, our business community may not in the near future be subjected to the same distress which was quite lately produced from the same cuuse. And while the functions of our National Treasury should be tavo nnH niinnlp And whiln it* hpfit condition would be reached, I believe, by its entire disconnection with private business interests, yet when, by a perversion of its purposes, it-? idly holds money uselessly subtracted from the channels of trade, there seems to be reason for the claim that some legitimate means should bo devised by the Government to restore in an emergency, without waste or extravagauce, such money to its place among l the people. I If such an emergency arises there nOw exists no clear and uudoubted executive power of lelief. Heretofore the redemption of three per cent bonds, which were payable at the option of the Government, lias afforded a means for the disbursement of the excess of our revenues; but these bonds have all been retired, and there are no bonds outstanding the payment of which we have the right to ' insist upon. The contribution to the sinking fund wnich furnishes the occasion for expeu diturc in the purchase of bonds has been already made for the current year, so that there is no outlet in that direction. In the present state of legislation the only pretense of any existing executive power to restore, at this time, any part of our surplus revenues to the people by its expenditures, 1 consists in the supposition that the Secretary of the Treasury may enter the market and I purchase the bonds of the Government not yet > due, at a rate of premium to be agreed upon. The only provision of law from which such a power could be derived is found in an approI priation bill passed a number of years ago; ' and it is subject to the suspicion that it was intended as temporary and limited in its application, instead of conferring a continuing I discretion and authority. No condition ought I to exist which would justify the grant of power to a single official, upon his judgment Q| of its necessity, to withhold from or release H to the busincn of the people, in an unusual jM3 manner, money held in the Treasury, and D thus affect, at his will the financial situation BB of the country; and if it is deemed wise to mm lodge in the Secretary of the Treasury th? M authority in the present juncture to purchase B bonds, it should be plainly vested, and provided as far aa possible, with such checks and Mi limitations as will define this official's right H and discretion, and at the same time relieve fl him from undue responsibility. K In considering the question of purchasing H bonds as a means of restoring to circulation the surplus money accumulating in the M Treasury, it should be borne in mind that H premiums must of course be paid upon such H purchase, that there may be a large part of Hj these bonds held asinvestments which cannot ?| ! bo purchased at any price, and that combinaj tions among holders who are willing to sell, may unreasonably enhance the cost of such bonds to the Government. It has been suggested that the present bonded debt might be refunded at a lees rat* of interest, and the difference between the old and new security paid in cash, thus findin;? usa for the surplus in the treasury. The success of this plan, it is apparent, must depend upon th3 volition of the holders of the present bonds; and it is not entirely certain t!mt the inducement whii-li must be offered them would result in more financial benefit to tho Governtn-nt th-m the purchase of bonds, while tho latter proposition would re;luee the principal of the debt by actual payment, instead of extending it. The proposition to deposit the money held by the Government banks throughout th? country, for use by the people, is, it seems to mo. exceedingly objectionable in principle, as establishing too close a relationship between the operations of the Government treasuiy and the business of the country, and too extensive a commingling of their money, thus fostering an uunatuial reliance in private business upon public funds. If this scheme should be adopted it should only be done as a temporary expedient to meet an urgent necessity. Legislative and executive effort should generally be in the opposite direction and should have a tendency to divorce, as much and as fast as can safely be done, the Treasury Department from private enterprise. Of course it is not expected that unneceaearj and extravagant appropriations will be M