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BALLAD OF THE COLORS. A gentleman of courtly air, Of old Virginia he; A damsel from Now Jer&y State, Of matchless beauty she; They met as fierce antagonists? The reason why, they say, Her eyes were of the Fedral blue, i And his, Confederate gray. i I They entered on a fierce campaign, And when the fight began, It eeemeJ as though the strategy Had no determinate plan. Each watched the other's movements well While standing there at bay? ' One straggling for the Federal blue, 1 One for Confederate gray. We all looked on with anxious eyes To see their forces move, And none could tell which combatant At least would victor prove. j They marched and countermarched with t skill, ( Avoiding well the fray; Here, lines were seen of Federal bine, ( And there, Confederate gray. I At last he moved his force In mass, And sent her summons there That she should straight capitulate Upon conditions fair. "As you march forth tho flags may fly. The drums and bugles play; Bat yield those eyes of Federal blue To the Confederate gray." ^ "Yon are the foe," she answer sent, ( "To maidens such as I; ril face you with a dauntless heart, And conquer you, or die. ' A token of the sure result The vaulted skies display; For there above is Federal blue ( Below, Confederate gray. Sharp-shooting on each Sank began, ] And 'mid manoeuvres free ' The rattle of the small-talk with Big gems of repartee, Mixed with the deadly glance of eye? Amid the proud array, j There met in arms the Federal blue And the Confederate gray. ( Exhausted by the fight at length ? They called a truce to rest; When lo! another force appeared Upon a mountain's crest. * And as it came the mountain down Amid the tinmpet's bray, Uncertain stood the Federal blue And the Confederate gray. j A corps of stout free lances these 1 Who poured upon the field, { Field-Marshal v >ipid in command, 1 Who swore the/ both must yield; ' Tbat bath should conquer; both divide The honors of the day; ' And proudly with the Federal blue March the Confederate gray. His troops were fresh, and theirs were worn; What could they but agree That both should be the conquerors, And both should captives be ? So they presented arms, because Dan Cupid held the sway, And joined in peace the Federal blue With the Confederate gray. Twelve years have fled. I passed to-day The fort they built, and saw A sight to strike a bachelor s With spirit-thrilling awe. a Deployed a corps of infantry, But less for drill than play; s And some had eyes of Federal blue, | jina. some i^uiueaerare gray. ?Thos. Dunn English, in Harper's Bazar. POONTHIE'S TURKEY. ST THE AUTHOR OF "HELEN'S BABIES." Nobody can have everything while in this world; it was probably in accordance with this well-known law that Frank Ed Hester Gracely, who thought that they had the loveliest child in the world, had very little else. Indeed, their all, side from their little daughter, seemed alarmingly little, except at such times as they had to ch nge their abode, aud wanted to keep moving expenses at the lowest possible figures. But their bare room seemed exquisitely furnished when under the influence of their daughter Poonthie. Of course, the ohild's name was not as outlandish as here spelled; she had been christened Prudence?partly, her father explained, to there might be prudence of some kind in the family; but the pronunciation of * the name had been changed by the 1 child herself whose lisping tongue I could not approach any nearer to the original sounds. She certainly was a 1 delightful little witch; her hair was a mass Is of sunshine, her cheeks were full of roses, I jgf and her eyes were renlly as much like c violets as her mother thought them. Her parents were not much older than 3 the when they played with her, which 3 * one or the other did most of the time * when she was awake, so she was general- 8 ly full of smiles, and abounding in quaint * speeches, stich as :ire made by most children who have adults lor company. 8 While Poonthie's pareuts were looking 8 st her, they were the richest couple alive; but when they were obliged to look into r their closet or pantry they wondered how ^ any other couple oould be poorer. They c had married solely on love, and their 1 capital had iucie >sed largely by natural c accumulation, but 'twas not the sort of 1 thing with which one would try to buy bread and butter, or pay a milkman's ' bill. Frank had fallen in love wi;h 1 Annie oe< au-e .sue was lovely, and Annie had loved him became he sang charming- I ly, comjjosed music lor hia own songs, and * played the violin. Their plan had been 8 to uve on the proceeds of such songs a? r Frank might wompose and pell, for had * he n?-* once sold two in a single week, c and got fifty dollars for them? Bat toe music publishers had no soul t for really exqui>ite songa, Annie said, so 1 for ssveral years the little family subsisted on what Frank could earn by play- 3 ing the violin in the orchestra (so-called) ( of a little theatre in a little city, where there were performances two or three 1 times a week. There always was enough 1 food for Poonthie, and the parents did not starve, but sometimes, when they J pretended they were not very hungry, ' they could nothe'p thinking how dread- ' ful starvation must be when a mere ap- J proach to it was so shockingly discom- ^ forting. 1 Poomhie had no such troubles, how- 1 ever; her nearest approach to them was * when, one day, she diverted her atten- 1 tion for ore instant from buttered toast. 1 poachod egg and a mug of milk, and '1 lisped: j1 "When I getth to be big folkth will I .j < like water instead of milk, an' not eat ' any butter on mv i)wead?'' Her parents, after chokinjj a little, and j ' wringing each other's hands under the I tdble, told her they hoped not, but J Poon:hie was thoughtful for at least ' two ni in rites. Then she seemed to recall 1 something, and exclamel: ''Thav, do you know watth comin' ' pitty soon I do; its "'anksgivin' Day." "Yes," sighed Frank with a pitying look at hit; wife. "Thanksgiving cer- ' tainly is coming, but what do you know 1 lbout it, Poonthie f" < "Oh, lotth an' lotth. A little gyle down thtairth told me all tout it. Itth the day when nobody don't eat noffin' but turkey." "Turkey !" echoed Frank in tragical tones. "Turkey 1" echoed Annie plaintively. "Yelh," said Poonthie. "you'll bwing a big turkey home an' we'll jus cat, an' eat, an' cat till we can't eat no more." Then Poonthie attacked her egg and toast and milk again, and her parents Innlrarl <it linr unf-il in thpil eyes made thorn see double and then kept them from seeing at all. "If only we could have a turkey on Thanksgiving Day!" said Annie that night, after Poonthie had fallen asle'cp. "I'm ashamed of myself for the way my mind has run on the subject ever since that blessed darling mentioned it." "I've a weakness that way myself," Frank admitted, "but even the smallest turkey on Thanksgiving Day would mean a row with the landlord on the first of the month." "Don't let us think any more about it," 3aid Annie. "We'll fea3t royally on an Irish stew that won't cost tweutv-tive cents; it'll ta^te as good as turkey?if we took at Poonthie while we eat it." But the thought of Turkey would not iisappcar, fcr Poonthie forbade. Whenever her father came into the room she would look up expectantly and shout: "Did vnn lminor the turkey?" The excuse that it was not time for the turkey answered failly for several days, but both parents soon became morbid on the subject. Frank tried again and asraiu, to find something in the room which could be spared and sold for the price of a small turkey, nnd A.nuie spent a wretched day in wondering whether she could muster up :ourage enough to sneak into the one pawn-broker's, shop in the city, and pledge a liny gold pin?Poonihie's jwii?for money euough to buy a turkey for Poonthie s sake. Bnt both were jnsuccessful, and when, the very afternoon before Thanksgiving. Poonthie jreeted her father with the usual shout, b'rank took her in his arms and said: "lis too bad for anything, little lading, but Papa couldn't find a turkey my where." "Why,"said Poonthie, withawonderng gaze, "ith that the way folkth get ;urkeys ??juss find 'em ?" "Yes," said Frank, "that's the first hing to do." "My," drawled the child, as her father Iroppecl her so as to put ills arm around his wife, who seemed to need his uttenkion just then. A call for Poonthie to jo play with the "little gyle down thtairth," gave Frank an opportunity to Ltae all sorts of severe language regarding lis luck, and his foolishness in dragging i sweet woman down to poverty, ind his wickedness in bring up in angel child liko a beggar's brat. It ilso gave Annie a chance to tell her husjand what a manly, brave, uncomplainng fellow he was, and how Heaven would ippreciate him, all in good time, even if nusic publishers didn't; in the end they >oth felt a great deal happier than if they lad been rich enough to buy a whole narkct full of turkeys. Indeed they were so absorbed in each >ther that hours might have passed unleeded had not the couple been disurbed by some vigorous kicks at the loor. Frank turned the knob and in taggered Poonthie, bearing in her arms t turkey apparently as large as herself. "Youtheathillyold papa,"she panted, ifter carefully seating the turkey in her ittle rocking chair as if it were a baby. ' You couldn't lind a turkey an' I could. ; juss athked the little gyle down iiwairth where her papa found a turkey, in' she thaid down to the mahket at the jornner! Tho I went there and thure jnough there wath lotth of "em." " Gracious!" exclaimed Frank, "didn't he market man say anything to you?" IIV? II cor>r-r,f?llvr i.1 U, OU1U X V/VUIUIV| OV/UIUiUUJ ) ??v >nly thaid 'watth you goin' to do wif hat turkey?' an' I thaid Ithe only goin1 ;o take it to my papa. Then I corned iloug, only a whole lot of people corned tlong behine me, an' all of 'em was lafiin ike ev'ryfin." "A nice spectacle for a child of honest >arents to be makiug," said Frank, matching his hat in one hand and Poonhie with the other. "I must get it back, vith an explanation, before there's a omplaint against us for theft." "When he reached the sidewalk he found liraself face to face with a man who rcrarded him intently. He was not the >enevolent old gentleman who, in books, ollow poor children to their homes on lolidays, but a sham-faced fellow with lis hands in his pockets. "Your young one?" asked the man lodding at Poonthie. "Yes,"' said Frauk, hurrying along and jraying that the fellow might not be an >fficer. "Say," continued the man following ?rank, "I'll give you a five dollar bill if rou'll come across the street and let me lave a photograph taken of that child ind turkey just as they came down street ogether." Frank hesitated an instant, then he hook his head, frowned and hurried ilong. "Ymi nppdn'f. fftpl insnlfprl " sairl nan still following, "I'd do it if they vere mine; I haven't seen anything so :unning since?since the time when I lad a little girl who lugged around a loll as big as herself. We buried them n the sauie coffin." Frank stopped. "I'll do it," he said, 'if you'll advance my enough to pay for he turkey first, 60 the owner won't" "That's all right," said the man. "I )aid for it when she started out?my lardware store is next to the market? 10 as not to have the fun stopped. Why, nan alive, that child's made more fun ;o day than a hundred people will get >ver in a week." The photograph was taken; even then he merchant lingered near Frank, finally he said: "I wish I knew how to get that youngster to come into my store about nice a day." "You might do it," said Frank, with a ludden inspiration, "bygivin^her falher i steady job at living wages." "Hang me if I don't!" exclaimed the Hercnant. mere was live minutes ot business tnlk; ten minutes later Frank istoni-ihed his wife by reappearing with Poonthie, the turkey, and a full market casket, such as never had been seen in :heir room before. There were a few exilanations and many tears, for Annie thought selling hardware a dreadfully prosaic life; but Frank comforted her with the suggestion that there was more nusic in a pocketful of dollars than in ill his songs. And when Poonthie was Jropping asleep that night she roused iierself long enough to murmur: "Thilly ole papa! couldn't line a turkey! Poonthie found one firtht fing." In a ro?y little house there is now a turkey's wish-bone carefully laid away in perfumed cotton, to be broken some ia by Miss Prudence G rarely, when her minrl lonnc fnwnrH u'ichinnr Tnhn Hah ,W"' C?* 'erton, in Gode^a Lady? Look. The pen is mightier than the sword and the l>lne pencil, as every newspaper writ'i krows, can knock the conceit out <f rhe mightiest pen.?>omer ill Journal. T'l FLOWER FARM. |S i - . I 81 RAISING FLOWERS FOR PER- J FUMES ON A LARGE SCALE. JJj ta A Great Industry in Southern France cc ] ?Description of an Extensive cr i Farm?How the Perfumes of are Extracted There. 8U or i Consul Mason, of Marseilles, in a reoent roport upon flower farming in j I southern France, quotes the case of a es plantation at Seillans, in the Depart- K ment of the Var. This iarin is udouc wi . twenty-three acres in extent, and is sit, a , uated in the southern slope of the hills- dc about 2,000 feet above the level of the ni i Mediterranean, and at a distance of a . twenty miles from the coast. The cal- fo careous soil was originally naturally poor TJ | and thin, and the olive trees, which had he occupied the ground for a century or m i more prior to 1881, yielded but scanty th , and unsatisfactory returns. The slope i to , of the surface was so steep that the a 1 ' waters of a spring which flows from the th rocks above the tract could be but im- sc perfectly utilized for irrigation, and the th land was regarded as practically worth* fo: less. In 1881 the proprietor caused the \ ag olive trees to be removed and the land [ he prepared for flower culture. The ground i he was first dug up to a depth of four feet, I de the larger stones removed and built into j br sustaining walls for the terraces, into sl< whioh the surface was divided, and lev- j Ol elled. Along the upper margin of each ' in terrace a shallow ditch was cut, connect- ! bi ing with transverse channels, which i th supply the spring water for irrigation. ' th The abrubtness of the slope will be in- al] dicated by the fact that on the tract of W eighteen acres the terrace walls re- j in nuired to oroduce a series of level or ofl gently sloping surfaces are over 2,000 , a i yards in length. Thus - terraced, the j clt tract yielded about seventeen acres of , cri propared ground for planting. In the ; sta autumn of 1881, 45,000 tufts of violets J ou and 140,000 roots of the white jasmine j gii were planted. The following spring the , a 1 remainder of the ground was planted in) with roses, pelargoniums, tuberoses, ro and jonquils, and a laboratory erected in| for the manufacture of the perfumes, tu The position proved to have been well sai chosen, as the flowers grew vigorously j pii and well; and in 1885, the fourth year j hi: after planting, this farm,which had pre- , sin viously yielded a rental of ?23 a year, be produced perfumes valued at ?8,630, nij giving a net profit of ?1,553. This is wi sufficient to illustrate how lucrative ill flower farming may become in favorable ed districts and under good management, th From observations in Seillans and in it the neighborhood of Grasse, where }>er- we fume flower growing is the leading in- thi dustry, Consul Mason says that the es- of sential conditions appear to be an alti- pr KAA f/% Q A/1A FlntVATfl Gc IUUC U1 11VU1 WVW W -jwvw AWvvf ? .w grown on such elevated positions are said to be richer in perfume than similar varieties which bloom in valleys and lowlands; a soil rich in calcareous ele- is 1 ments; a situation sheltered from cold tai northern winds and not subjeot to the sli white frosts which in spring and an autumn affect the damp lowlands, ho In oountries like Southern France, he where the rainfall is always scanty, "j and often wanting from May to Decern- m< ber, irrigation is essential to the culture to of the flowers, as well as of every other an crop. of One essential principle in perfume foi culture is that all fancy and improved P? varieties of flowers are discarded, and is the natural, simple, old-fashioned kind* UE are exclusively grown. The roses on & the slopes of Seillans are the common Uf pink ones, and the single white violet ari is preferred to all the larger, artificially th developed varieties. Only the white at jasmine is used, the yellow and less 8e< fragrant varieties appearing to be either A1 discarded or unknown. Jasmine plants di are set in rows about ten inches apart, th and are closely pruned; roses are grown on the lower terraces and are also ta cut low, and the ground between the So plants heavily miinured. After the bu roses have been gathered the stem is cut rei to within a few inches of the ground P? to preserve for the next season the entire vigor of the plant. ca During the harvest season traders or I18 middle men go through the country dt every day with wagons, collecting flow- *ei ers from the farms, for which they pay re prices varying according to the extent th of the crop and the demands of the w< market; their loads are hurried to the tli nearest manufacturer, and delivered th while the flowers are still fresh and Pr crisp. The flowers are gathered in the ch morning, as soon as possible after the dews of the night have disappeared. The manufacture of perfumes includes th the making of pomades and oils by the process of absorption, and of essences and essential oils by distillation. Every i* complete establishment is provided with di apparatus for all these processes. Po- $5 mades are the commercial vehicles for 8e absorbing and transporting the per- $2 fumes of the jonquil, tuberose, jasmine, 611 | and other species of flowers. A square 00 I frame or c/umis of white wood, about 20 m' | inches by 30 inches in size, is set with a pane of strong plate glass. On either side of the glass is set a thin even layer of grease?two parts lard to one of tallow?which has been purified and refined by previous boiling and straining; l0; thus prepared, the frames are piled up rii in ranks of six or seven feet high to m, await the season of each special tiower. "] When the blossoms arrive, the petals aE are picked from the stems and laid so. as to cover the grease in each frame.iw These being again piled so as to rest ^ upon their wooden edges, which fit closely togethor, there is formed a itjj species of tight chambers, the floors ancr V ceilings of which are of grease exposed M to the perfume of the flower leaves with- y? in; tbe grease absorbs the perfume, the hi spent flowers are removed daily, and fresh ones supplied, and this process sa goes on from two to four or five months, nc according to the desired strength of the lit nn.yindo whinVi wVion cnflRnw?nt,lv ( linrorfld I re with perfume, is taken from the gfass wi with a wide, thin spatula, and packed wi in tin cans or stag no as, for export. By these methods the delicate odors of w< flowers are extracted and retained for y< transport to distant markets, where the tr grease being treated with alcohol, yields fo the perfume to the stronger vehicle it and produces the floral waters and ex- of tracts of commerce. Coarse pomades are E made by boiling the flowers in the sli grease and subjecting the residue to ta pressure. The spent pomades are used m for toilet purposes and in the nianu- m fuoture of fine soaps. The process of bi preparing pei-fumed oils involves the at same principle, except that instead of wi solid grease, superfine olive oil is used, pt With this oil pieces of coarse cotton gt fabric are saturated, which are then ar spread upon wire netting framed m wire chassis about 3 feet by 4 in size. The to flowers are spread upon the saturated cloths and the frames piled one upon ru another, so that the perfume of the fi: flowers is absorbed as in the previous M process. Essences and soents are pro- tli duced by ordinary distillation, in which the flowers are boiled with water iu qi large alembics. The vapor carries off bi j the perfume and is condensed in adjoin- P; ' - i ig copper tanks. Some of the retorta | jed for this purpose are of sufficient I ze to receive at once half a ton of fresh j iwera and the requisite water for theix , istillation. When soents are to be proiced, alcohol is used in the distilling nk to receive the perfumes. By skilful imbinations of the perfumes of differit flowers, sometimes with the addition ohemicals, a large variety of scents, ich as "patchouli and "jockey club," e produced at tbe original laboratory. A Redoubtable Female Warrior. People in Constantinople are interted in the presence among them of ara Fatma, the redoubtable female irrior of Kurdistan, who has come on brief visit to the Turkish capital. Her ieds of during date back to the beginng of the Crimean war, when she led large body of Turkish volunteers, who i ught witli singular daring for Turkey. | ie Ottoman Government remembers : :r services ana requites tnem wnn a onthly pension of 5,000 piastres?a sum at in her own frugal home allows her live with ease. She is tall, thin, with brown, hawk-like face; her cheeks are e color of parchment, and seamed with ars. Wearing the national dress of e sterner sex she looks like a man of rty, not like a woman who will never am see seventy-five. Slung across x shoulders, in Cossack fashion, is sr long sabre, with its jeweled hilt; corations shine and sparkle on her east, while the stripes across hor jeves show her to be a captain in the :toman army. Watching the intereetg figure pass along the streets of Stamil, one is reminded of an episode in e campaign of General Lespinasse, in e Dobmdja some little time before the lied armies landed in the Crimea, hile smoking and chatting one day his tent with several of his brother icers, the General heard at a distance strange music, a medley of drums and - J? ? ^ ~ *?/>? ? ?>/* Itumnn irmets, lum-WJiiis null ijictu my uurnau ies. Whence came this weird nrin;elsy? All the men in camp turned t to listen to it and discern its oriq, when from over the hills they saw sand of some 300 horsemen approaches them at full gallop. At their head de a brown-faced woman, with flash? eyes and lissome limbs, the very picre of an Amazon. Vaulting from her :ldle, she gravely saluted General Lesaasse, and through an interpreter told m that she had come to fight the Rusms, both she and her brave Kurds ing completely at his service. That :jht her men were quartered in camp th the French troops; but they were pleased to be so billeted. They wanttheir independence, and not even Bir mistress and leader should barter away for them. By daybreak they ire in their saddles, riding off across a hills to meet the dawn, to the sound that weird, strident musio, which had oclaimed their approach.?Pall Mali uette. The Life of a Marine. When they are in the navy yard this the order of life for the gallant soldier :s: They are called from their rosy iraber by the shrill notes of the fife d the rat-tat of the drum at the ur of six, after which the roll call is Id and the men are detailed off to ?olice duty," as it is called, which ;ans "chorea," such as cleaning the oms, sweeping them, fixing the walks d the like. This is for only a quarter an hour. The men then get ready r breakfast, which is served at half st seven. At lialf past eight the roll again called and the men show up ider arms, in belt and musket. At quarter to nine they mount guard, sually about thirty-five or forty a day a detailed for this duty. There are ree relief-guards. The first goes on nine and is relieved at eleven, which sond guard is relieved at one, and the st returns again at three, and so on ivinn 4 li A /Inv WVlPTl fcllAV ftTfl off ^ - I ey can sit and smoke or sleep in the lard house. At half past ten drill kes place and lasts one hour. On .turdays and Sundays there is no driH, it every other day of the week it is a fjular duty. At one, dinner. At half.st one the roll call again?the "libty" call?as nil the blue-shirted boys n got off till the following morning at ,lf-past seven except those on guard ity or who are punished for some ofnse by a week's, fortnight's or month's moval for the outing privilege. If ey come back a little the worse for ;ar and carrying too heavy a topsail ey are run into the guard house till ey recover. If they come back late, mishment is given according to the aracter of the belated and the reason r his tardiness. The marine enlists for five years and en may re-cnlist for the same term and iep this up as long as he is able to ? i ??.?i i. i : rru:. jriv ana wisnea 10 uu u iuuuuu, iuu the monthly tariff of wages for five fferent enlistments: Sergeant major, 2, $27, 828, $29, $30; quarter-master rgeant, the same; drum major, $22, 6, $27, $28, $29; first sergeant, the me; sergean,t $17, $21, $22, $23, $24; rporal, $15, $19, $20, $21, $22; dimmers and fifers get the same as the prives?viz., $13, $17, $18, $19, $20.?jVe# ork Herald. A Nobleman's Peculiar Clothes. "There is a story told of an English rd who was visiting in Germany duag the Emigration," said Dr. flamond to a New York Journal reporter Vlfinv French noblemen were present. id one, the Marqnis H'Ebaire, wore | ph a peculiar waistcoat and breeches, mjtbc Englishman was singularly at- | bj it. He communicated his I tf^sity to the Due de Bellecourt, and : ?latter with a smile said: " 'Permit me to present you to the ' arquis. I have no doubt he will tell iu all about his notable vest and eeches.' " 'All, you have remarked my olothes,' id the Marquis, with dignity. I do )t wonder. No man has ever worn the <e. I see your eye is fastened on this d spot over the waistcoat pocket. I ill tell you how it came and what this itistcoat is. Be seated. " 'One day as I was riding through the rails I came across tlie body of a >ung man hanging to the branch of a ee. 1 reined in nnd examined it. 3 und it to bo my brother Hector! On was a card saying: "This is the body Hector Auutole Marie Louis H1 baire, a colonel and an aristocrat, tot by me, Citizen Paul Dubois, capiu in the Republican forces." I cut y brother down, strung liis body across y horse and escaped with hiui. I iricd liis remains in the family vault night and had his skin made into a aistcoat. Hero is where the bullet isscd into his heart. Wo were to:ther in life. You see we are not aepated in death. " 'Then the object of my life became find Captain Paul Dubois.' " 'But,' said the Englishman, interipting the Marquis, and with his eyes ced on the breeches, 'the bi-eeches, arquis? You have not told me ol iem.' " 'Ah I the breeches,' replied the Marlis, casting liis oye downward. 'The eeches. They are the skin of Captain aul Dubois I'" > AGRICULTURAL TOPICS OP INTEREST RELATIVE TO FARM AND GARDEN. Apple Raising. xne question wicn orcnaruisis now is, how the ripple orchard can be made to pay? What with non-bearing years, occasional depredations of aphides causing injury to the extent of the loss of the crop and weakness of the tree the succeeding year, the constant loss by the codlin moth, loss by other insects and by unfavorable weather, and the orchardist must be one of great business capacity who can surmount all the difficulties and can find a profit to place to the credit of his orchard. But one thing is very certain?it can not be done by letting things take their oourse and accepting what comes. The fertility of the orchard must be kept up by liberal manuring in some way, and how to do this most economically is a question each one must solve ; insects must be watched for and destroyed, the trees must be regularly and properly jiruned, not by severe operations that will seriously tax their vitality, but by gently and continuously controlling their growth, so as to distribute the fruit-beanng wood over a large surface and allowing a full exposure to light and air. The fruit from such trees will be smooth, of good size, and free from blemishes.?Viek'n Magazine. xiits i>oior ui vmiu As the market value of fruit is much affected by its color, a handsome red cheek giving a higher price to a pear or apple than a dull green skin, it becomes a matter of interest to inquire what influences affect color. An eastern fruit dealer remarked to us that if a red cheek could be given to the Anjou pear it would stand at the head of the list as a profitable sort. Orchardists who sell pears are familiar with the high prices obtained for crimson-shaded Clairgeaus. In Bome years the red color is more intense than in others. It is not always the hot sun which causes this difference. At an exhibition of apples in Ohio it was observed that the same varieties grown in northern counties were of higher color than those from the southern part of the State. A deeper color is frequently seen in cloudy and rainy summers than otherwise. It is well known that a Bartlett pear ripening in a dark drawer has a deeper crimson than if remaining in full light. Mr. Brodie of Canada stifted at a horticultural meeting that Golden Russets grown on sandy loam were much licliter in color than those on crravellv loam, and he observed the same difference in the color of the Fameuse. Other members thought that the use of particular fertilizers affected color. It is a Bubjecfc worthy of observation and experiment.?Albany Cultivator. Winter Care of Cows. The arrangement of the barn and v trd should be such as to reduce the labor as much as possible. Excessive warmth is not conducive to robustness, health or profit. If a man's house is kept olosed up and heated with stoves to a temperature of eighty degrees, and his food and drink are all taken hot with a view to preventing the effects of the cold and to insure more comfort, the dwellers in that house will become sick or diseased; the impure air will poison the blood; the warmth will relax the skin, dry it and open the pores, and the slightest draft will cause a fit of shivering and induce dangerous colds. It is in precisely such houses that sore throat, diphtheria, scarlet fever, and othes diseases are so frequent, while in the house where the windows are thrown open to the breezes, and the cold, brisk, pure air i3 welcomed, and exercise and health give warmth, fed by the abund ant oxygen 01 me iresn air couramg through the blood, there are health and vigor and comfort. It is tho same in the daily. Pleuro-pneumonia invades those herds which are kept in close, warm, unwholesome Btables, and the dreaded tuberculosis finds there its prey; while from the wide airy stable, well ventilated and filled with pure cold air, the well fed cows will emerge to frolic in the snow, and enjoy themselves in the bright sunshine and the crisp air, when the thermometer marks down nearly to zero. Except in stormy weather, the cows should spend at least three or four hours every day in the yard, picking some rough feed and getting water and exercise.?American Agriculturist. How to Make Cider Vinegar. Vinegar can easily be made from many different substances, but in a country abounding in apples there is no excuse for making it for domestic use-from anything but the best. Pure cider vinegar is easily though not rapidly made by the natural process, and when thus made is healthful and free from all the objections attached to the manufactured article, and never disappoints the houskeeper by degenerating to insipidity or eating up herpickles by extreme acidity. When made in large quantities from the orchard the makiDg begins as soon as enough apples have fallen to furnish a supply. These are ground in the cider mill, as for cider, and may be pressed at once, but a better way is to keep the pomace in large vats or casks until it has become quite sour, when the cider is pressed out and again put into vats or casks to remain until well settled, when the clear liquor is draMn off into barrels not quite full. These ban-els ought to be kept in the sun covered with boards for a protection to the barrels until cold weather sets in, when the barrels are remnvpil to the vineerar-house. which should have a stove to keep it warm in the winter an 1 hasten tin process. The barrels ought to be iron-hooped and well painted, as it is desirable, though not indispensable, to expose theui to the sun in the warm autumn days, and for large operators a vinegarhouse that can be warmed artificially is desirable. Many, however, keep their sour cider in cellars or bums until spring, when it is again exposed to the sun and a circulation of air, for a cellar is not a good place for making vinegar. The bungholes should be kept covered with pieces of mosquito net or other material that will keep out the flies. The bungs must not be put. in except temporarily for at least a year, and where the barrels are in a position that does not require frequent moving it is better to keep the bungs open for a much longer time, as the vinegar will continue to grow strong if exjxxsed to the air until two or three years old. The loss by evaporation and leakage is from one-fourth to a tluruoi tnewnoie quantity, but as a compensation pure cider vinegar two and three years old will bear un addition of rain water, soiuetimes equal to the loss and still be strong enough to meet all requirements. Indeed, the dilution with water ia generally necessary to some degree, as in many cases the old vinegar is too acid to be agreeable, and the cider in the first stage of making is often slow in turning to tho acid state on account of an excess of saccharine matter, which is corrected f by? proper addition of soft water/ The natural process may be hastened by o<v casionally turning the oider out of one barrel into another, exposing it more fully to the air, also by the addition of , a gallon of strong vinegar or a little mother to each barrel. Sometimes trickling it down through beech chips or shavings is praotised for a more rapid ' making, but people who have large orchards and make large quantities never resort to any of the questionable methods sometimes used by manufacturers for making what they call cider vinegar quickly, but are content to wait j on the natural process and find their j compensation in the higher value placed j. on their products by their customers.? n Neu> York World. , Farm and Garden Notes. ^ Mixing milk is considered inj orious to r the yield of butter. j In preparing products for market, try t to please purchasers. t Put dwelling and outbuildings in 4 nnlor fnr flio r*nmincr winter. r 0 ?.? ^ A few bruised apples in a barrel may | 8 spoil the whole before the winter is over, j s A judicious raking andTjurning of the rubbish on the farm will destroy many * insects. J. A clover root in the soil is the prom- _ ise of increased fertility, and no farm ever had too many of them. ^ Turnips are excellent for sheep. In ? England the sheep and the tutrnps are v oonsidored the rent-payere. a Keep the chickens on clear runs and s away from the manure heaps, if you j f( want them to be free from gapes. s As a few acres well tilled is best for (, the cultivator, so a small herd well- t cared for is best for the stockman t If the bottom lands are dry enough ^ old ditches should be cleaned out and j ? new ones opened where required. ^ The manure crop 1s one of the most | " valuable on the farm, yet how many : u are prone to allow it to go to waste! Don't burn the straw if there is any 0 stock in your neighborhood, for much r better use can be made of it this year. ^ Many a farmer pays out large sums v for lertilizers, wnue ne anowa ms own c barnyard to run to waste. Poor policy, o An evergreen hedge is an excellent ii shelter for hens, whether it be hot or s cold, and hence good summer or winter. C Plymouth Bocks, both as chicks and fl mature fowls, are claimed to be scarcely equaled by any other breed for hardi1 a ness. 0 Spaded in among the roots of trees e wood ashes will kill the insect eggs har- r bored there. It is also an excellent fer- T tilizer. y Dairies, in many sections, use plenty j of corn meal and mili feed, owing to the j remunerative prices for butter and j ? cheese. ! e Keep the ground open around fruit t trees until they are ready to bear. Se- ? lect such crops to be grown near them t as require frequent lioeiug. E It may not be known that sheep left a in the pasture all night with other cattle a ! t>ya oal/Jnm -iniiirofl l?v flrxyR ThflV will I t I- OVAUW1U lUjUJLUVt ?wrj ^ . _ be friendly with any animal that is kind j r to them, so that the cattle serve as a j b protection. t The Poultry Yard points out two dan-j c geroufl periods in the growth of young 1 chicks, when they require very nourish- j F ing food: First, when about two or three : a weeks old, with the plumage making <3 rapid growth; second, when they begin 8 to put off their first feathers and assume to their mature plumage. * The sensible farmer will provide com- j ? fortable quarters for his poultry as ! surely as for his horses or cows. He will j ' see that they are well ventilated, free ;8 from rat invaders, sunny and large jr enough for the number of fowls he pro- ? poses to keep. He will not forget to pro- j J: vide sand for them to dust in. Trimming an apple tree does not! ~ mean that one must go into the orchard ? and hack away with an axe and saw ' simply to cut away a certain proportion ^ of wood, but the trees should be evenly trimmed and no limbs removed except e such as may benefit the tree by being cut off. Where a limb has commenced to j decay it should be removed, however, as y it may be caused by disease. Especially ^ is this neceseary with pear trees, which ^ are subject to blight. ^ If the stems of fruit trees are wrappod i; with old newspapers mice and rabbits t will not gnaw the bark. Another and -v more permanent safeguard is to mix ! ( cow dung with thick lime wash and add [ B enough carbolic acid to it to give it a ; 8 strong odor and paint this on the trees j t for three feet above the ground. This j a will also exclude the borers, whose eggs j a will bo killed by it as they are laid upon i v the bark, or the parents of the grubs | c" will not deposit eggs upon the trees so a treated. i c ? ; t Origin or Uglj Fashions. fl The most frequent cause of the inven- J f tion of ugly ana insanitary costumes nas t been the attempts made to conceal e blemishes or deformities existing in per- i ^ sons of exalted rank, and the new fash- 1 ions have spread because they were at c once imitated |}y courtiers who thus . j tacitly flattered tne original wearers of a them. It was to hide the short stature c of Louis XlV.that high heels and tower- \ ing perruques were introduced. The t Virgin Queen patronized immense ruffs t because her neck was not handsome. 1 Short hair became fashionable in France g when an accidcnt to the King s head t during a snow-ball tight necessitated the ! a removul of his flowing locks. Full-bot- j j lomed wigs were invented by a French i barber named Duvillier to conceal the . t fact that one shoulder of the dauphin was , 1 higher than the other. Charles VII. of j a France wore long coats to hide his ill- a j made legs. Henry Plantagenet, Duke of i c Anjou, had his shoes made with long ; i points to screen from observation an ex- \ a ciescence on one foot. ? British Medical I I Journal. | d ' F The Lnngnagre of Gloves. | ^ The language of gloves is a species of ( s telegraphy largely resorted to by young ' lovers in France. A young lady says 1 "Yes," by dropping her right glove into . a [ her left hand; "No," by rolling the two fl I olovfts toe-ether. She conveys the in- i ? vitation: "Follow me into the garden" ' i.v by the pantomime of brushing an j ri imaginary speck of dust off her left arm j f< with one or both gloves. The manruvre " of drawing one hand over them as if to j d smooth the leather means: "I love you j fi still the same." Should she desire to ; s< know if her feelings are reciprocated, she fi will partially remove the left glove, "lie I Is circumspcct" is expressed by turning the I a ends of the glove of either hand de- j is licately around the fingers. Lastly, if the j ! ladv has anything to complain of in her j f< lover's conduct,"she expresses her dis- >' satisfaction by placing her gloves in the form of a cross on the table or on her & lap. A War IJeminisceuce. Confederate shinplasters got to be so li numerous and so varied in the last days s< of the war that a "good old rebel, yes he was" f?r a square meal in a country ; t( town with a label taken from a Worces- j tershire mwoo (Ala.) h ' * f ' ~C~HIEF OFl'lSllEST HERRING GAUGE T OFF TBI COAST OF MAINE. rhree Different Ways of Catching This Valuable Food Fish-Seining. Weirs, and "Drlrinif"? An Unlawful Method. Edgar L. Wakeman, in a letter from Pembroke, Maine, to the Mad and ' Express, gives an interesting account of lerring ashing. We quote as follows : ' fhe herring are taken in three differin t ways : by the seine, in weirs, and br 'driving"; the latter method, forbcalen by American and Canadian ik egulations, being by far the most ineresting procedure. In seining much he same means are employed as those ised in taking shad, while the latter are -runnings in cue waters 01 cue uueaa>eake and the Delaware. While I have een many a haul of shad made with _.. eines of from a half mile to a mile in angth, herring seines are seldom more ban twenty-five fathoms long, and about welve feet in depth, with one-half to hree-fourths inch mesh. In seining, [arrow channels, and locations along trearns where tide water reaches some . listenoe in-shore, are usually chosen; hough herring stations on Reaches ?here the tide "makes" strong in ebb nd flow, are quite oommon, as herring koala always seem to move back and orth with the tide. In this work the eine is made fast along shore, and the Juoddy boat and crew start off with the ide, hugging the shore, ' paying out' he seine as they go. - When nearly at , be seine end, a sudden tack is taken, at right angle frQm the shore, and then, he seine being kept taut by rapid rowag, or sailing, or both, a circling sweep j made around against the tide to land,' nd the haul is done. In this wav everal hauls can be made at eaon f the four turns of the tide, as the * ^ Juoddy fishermen make no hardship of < oiling at all hours of day and night rhen anything that is herring may be rought to their nets. But the practioe f seining, worse luck to the fishermen, ; 3 also in rapid decadence, owing to evere restrictions on the part of the j Canadian, and some efforts by our own .uthorities. Probably on no coast is there so vast i number of weirs. At a little distance ff shore it seems as if the entire land- ' dge were margined with a continuous each of reeds. They are built at times rhen the tide is out. Each one forms phut. mfaM hft ttillnd a nen of nnricht fl loles, standing like parades in old orts. The slender saplings used are ilaoed an inch or two apart and are inerwoven with willow or alder; and the s ntire affair sets out from land some- hing in the form of a printer's type of \ aterrogation. The opening is so placed > hat portions of the herring shoals, loving downward with the tide, enter,< nd once inside, they whirl and swirl bout in the great lobe of the weir, ilindly seeking an exit only in the di ection of the outgoing tide. This ilind fatality of the herring is so marked hat fislieman assert that not one eeapes where it has entered. Taking lerring in the weirs is easily accomplished One end of a seine is fastened t the weir-mouth; the other end, [ragged by boatmen, is given a halfweep around the weir, preceded by a oat in which are men beating the rater with paddles to "flock" the fish ntil the seine is "bunched"; when the " erring are dipped into the small boats . dth ordinary st-oop-neta. Two or three weeps of the seine will take every lier[ng thus impounded. Often the turn f the tide comes in the night; and when ; is remembered that there are from 4,00 to 5,000 of these weirs upon the erring grounds some idea may be ained of the appearance of the dark ims of shore line where flash the fishr's lanterns and flare their oountleaa arches. But there is a genuine romance and xcitement about herring "driving." It j done under fear of the mighty law, nd cover of pitch black nights. If the raters be sullen, dark and still, and a Sense fog has stolen upon Quoddy from he sea to keep the hated officials in[oors with their grog, fortune is kind udeed to the herring-fisher, who may hus turn an extra honest penny for the rinter and little ones, away from the )ttawa money-bags and the bothersome *? - A. Tr/i. ?a urpius lit rf aouiiigujii. jjvoijktuu^ 10 nug and shipshape betimes, awaiting he night flood-tide. Softly the fisher ,nd crew of three, in their oil clothes ,nd sou'westere, glide away from shore rith muffled oars into the impenetrable larkness. Every square rod of water is s familiar to these men as the "cuddy" f their own boat. The mast is left >ehind. There are two oarsmen, one teersman, and a "dipper." When v' avorable "ground" has been reached, here is a sudden fk?h in the boat. In . moment a stronger light appears forward, over the gunwale on the port side, ["here iu a little wire-woven dragon, or iresset, sizzles and flames a Quoddy orcil. The Ouoddy Indians, at Plea& int Point on the St. Croix, have made ft ?f birch bark. It is 18 inclies long, 6 ?'.1? O tlii/il.-. lino nnat ?? (<Anffl< Alld VlUCj ?4 Ui tj UliiVil y JIUVJ WWW V Maw ? , dll blaze for half an hour. The moment his is aflame, the Quoddy boat fairly eaps upon the water. The greater its peed the greater its luck. Suddenly here is a tremor in the water just ihead of the flaring torch. The "dip>er" Btands with bared arms, resolute as f for a mighty deed, grimly grasping he stout handle of a huge scoop-net. L'he tremor upon the water increases to , ripple, and the efforts of the oarsmen re redoubled. The rippling soon beomes a spumy, seething volume, radiatng and widening to away rearward, a if a million tiny waves, given animate ife, were battling for precedence. Sudlenly there is a "swash!" and the "dipter's" net has descended. It brings ia?k more than a bushel of gleaming, hining herring. As if for dear life the ' dipper" scoops and the oarsmen row. , 'unibling, splashing, cavox*ting, and ctuallv squeaking protests, as they are ung to tne uoat s oouom, nsn ny me joros of netfuls are thus taken. There j no diminution in the myriad of hering which madly plunge and leap to the >re, and tumble and "bunch" together nderneath the fascination of the QuodJ torch. And not until the boat is ed with this precious fruitage of the ?a and the crew stand knee deep in the nny treasure is there cessation of ibor. Then the torch is extinguished, swallow or two of rum is taken, God i thauked?for these are a pious lot of imple folk?the customs laws cannot irever grind the poor, and land is wary made through the fleecy folds of the iendly fog that has crept upon Quoddy rom the sea. Too Mnrh Smile. The conversation had tu nod on a young idy who^e mouth, when she em Wed, iemed to stretch from car to car. "Yes, but ehe has such handsonw seth." ' True; but ehe will sorao da^ los? er teeth, while her amile will remain.0? \tdge.