University of South Carolina Libraries
. The Abbeville Press and Banned 1 -4 " - M * ? 3=P- -i ?' " r-rr^- , ==5 ' . . . S.v^ BY HUGH WILSON. ABBEVILLE, S. C., WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 1886. VOLUME XXXI. NO. 11. 3 " ;? 'Mm ? ? ' L_- ; $ THE EARTHQUAKE. "WHERE ARE SAN FRANCISCO'S LITTLE SIDE SHAKES NOW? E?rth'? Crust Rising and Falling In Uilfovry Wawi Over a Third of Her Circumfertncc Hourt-reudlng Scones in Hai>Iess Charleston. Of the remarkablo scries of great events that have been happening the world over from IS81 to the present, earthquakes form n leading feature. Aud of these the one to be longest remembered in North America, will be that which laid Charleston, 8. C., in ruins. It makes one feel, somehow, as if there wa3 safety nowhere. If any placo> next to tho great western plains, was to be considered safe from earthquakes, it was just that part of the country which has been shaken up. If the theory of tho cause of these ground disturbances is correct they ought to be manifest mostly along mountain ranges, as indeed they are. Scientific authority doclares they are caused by the cooling and settling of the earth's mass. It was a gigantic, red hot ball to begin. It commenced to cool upon the outside. % At length a thin crust was formed as it cooled, naturally it snranK i nat ntaue me crust crack open ?nd settle, In order to readjust itself to fit the molten kernel within. Tho process still goes an, and will till the earth is cooled through. Hence earthquakes. Mountain ranges are There the great cracks hare broken the surface and thrown the edges of tlie split up and sideways. When the earth is cooled through it will be dead, aud there will he no earthquakes VWW/ ! 8c^tofr?wH I O HI) W 900 i MAP OK CHARLESTON. 3. 'Charleston hotel 13. Postoffice. 2. 1'aviToa hotel. 14. Custom botm 3. Waverly hotel. 15. Hibernian It.ill and 4. St. Michael's church. police station. 5. St. l'hilip's church. 10. Market hall. C. draco church. ir. Orphan house. 7. Central Presbyterian 18. Academy of Music. church. 1'JL Masonic Terople. * ITiilMritin nhnivli t 'tairiprftnn 9. German Lutheran 21. Medical college. church. 22. Roper hospital. 10. Baptist church. 2:1. City hospital. U. City lialL 21. JaflL 12. Court house. 25. Citadel . To get the situation properly it will be well to consider a moment the location of Charleston. It is iu tho angle formed by the jnno : tion of tho Cooper and Ashley rivers. They | unite here and flow to the ocean seven miles j distant Sea water and fresh water mingle ] all in one, and this estuary forms tho noble j Charleston harbor, landlocked on three sides. The earthquake camo from tho sea on t-hc southeast and throbbed across tho l>eau- J tifnL, hapless city toward the northwest What made the visitation still more distressing was the fact that only six days before it a torn tic cyclone had swept over Charleston, doing vast damage. When the dull, awful roar of tho earth tremor was heard on that last night of August many thought that it was smother cyclone. v Mr. Dawson, editor of The News and Courier, was in his oflice at the time. How a man feels in an earthquake is thrill Lngly told by ! him. He wrote: "From the first to tho last it was a continu- ' ous jar, onty adding force at every moment, and as it approached and reached the climax of its manifestation it seemed for a few terrible seconds that no work of human bands could possibly survive the shock. The floors were heaving under foot, the surrounding j walls aud partitions visibly swayed to and | fro, the crash of falL'ng masses of stone and brick and mortar was hoard overhead, and | without the terrible roar filled tbe ears, and ! seemed to fill the mind and heart, dazing perception, bewildering thought, aud, for a few j panting breaths, or while you held your j breath in dreadful anticination of immediate I and crucl death, you felt that life was already , jMit, and waited for the end as the victim | with his head on the block awaits the fall of J the uplifted ax. Kot a man in the office expected to escape ! alive. The shocks Itegan at 9:53 P. M. The clocks that were stopped by tho awful shocks i mado the record. ' TLXXIXO FOR THEIR LIVES. All of us remember the pictures the geog- I mphy books give of earthquakes in terrii ! countries? walls and towers toppling ov?r J . and (teople fleeing for Xheir lives But n*ne : of us ever thought th? scene ccttld come to u.? t in our safe latitudes. It ba.s 1 jtie so. in.i j now ? ? know there are no latitudes safe from earthquakes oJust as the pictures repreeerted the scene In the school books, even so it was iD Charleston. Women were braver than the men, it is said, ?ourageously gather(ng their children together and leading theni coolly into '.he ftreets, after the men bad fled In terror This feminine courage in great emergencies L? often conspicuous. it was the first shock that did Uio damage I in Charleston There were nearly, or quite. | a dozen altogether, occurring within the next | thirty-six hours The shocks came in waves, as. indeed, everything else docs The first i ones were from ten minntcs to half an hour j apart Those who were cool enough to observe | the motion of the tremors declare that the j eartb ruse and fell like the billows of the sea One man speaks of having seen the sidewaik rise and full in waves. The effect on the mind of thus seeing the loosening of the only fabric we have always believed to be stable 13 indescribably awfuL It is this that makes &a : . . . earthquake so terrible. All the foundations of creation ore broken up. "It's a thing you cannot fight," said one. That expresses it. All damage done by man, jf man can resist. Even in a tornado or cyclone he can cling to the earth of take refuge under ground But when earth herself fails us, what is there to do! Man cannot even p, run away, for he knows not where the ground will open next. He might run into the very jaws of the destroyer. The best part of Charleston Ls a mass of ruins. It was a beautiful city. The churches ti suffered grievously, il. owing to their having very tall spires. flj/j The Unitarian ( IRQ church was a noble KfljSi specimen of architecturo. Its tower of the best present *'fn^inrTt)'. 1"'1 piles of debris and Fifty thousand UVITARIAN CHURCH I*1"8005 ^ S0'"b I * UNITARIAN CHLRCH. flnd dayj Qf k terror in the streets and in vacant lots. In- i' V fants were born in several instances, while i ^ their mothers lay upon blankets on the ground. | s J The earthquake area appears to have been j ?/ the most extensive in modern times. Shocks | y* were felt from British America to Florida, j >J and as far west as Missouri. Cable dispatches j ; * bring the news that on the same night distinct shocks were felt at Athens, in Greece. The \ gas wells at Pittsburg ceased flowing. The bowels of the earth were shaken up for more than a third of the planet's circumference, ' and death and destruction were to pay gen- j da erallv. 1 of The center of the quake od this continentj co seems to have been at SummerviLle, S. C. | a This is a fashionable summer resort for arls-j ba J ooratic Cbarlesfonians, and is twenty- j ist | two miles from the city The whole..wj ; face of the <?arth seems to l>e changed j bo I fcere. tVbere before were ordinary sand j gr and clay are now bottomless cracks in wi the mud. braekisb water and sulphur smells, eh It will be a long time before it becomes pa j known juj? bow many persous were killed ru I '.n tuch jalamities be j 't i# found out bow I wj qenerou> Nmar S an >joture u. Aid ha; ft in j poured into tb< Pt tn 1 stricken -rity rrom cig go j all quarters W^nW|| si tn The call, lender Jul thi \ spire of St FbilipV *^^kl =5-1 ^ pe j Episcopal oburcb j as i stands the highest |||tifl Tb j in the city. In its iii|il| lai j graveyard lies tho ^ la( body of John C. br Calhoun. On its site / ?' lu< the first church in 8t. philip's. foi Charleston was built, a structure older than lx\ the ureseut ona Ita beautiful tower is mined W The most frightful sensation of all, however, ha must have been experienced by the train load cli of excursionists on their way from Columbia tw to Charleston. To find their train suddenly raj waving up in the air, then bumping down) pn upon tho earth, then going up, then down, by and so on for several seconds without any On known cause for it, at the same timo with an Ixx unearthly roar soundiug in their ears, is an i ro< experience utterly unique in history. The j pit front end of a car waved upward, while the Tli rear end went downward, and vice rei-sa. wo The engineer put the brakes on as hard as he inj could, and still that marvelous train moved ste onward. It actually kept tho track through pir this billowy motion of the earth When tho str rails were examined they wero found to be tin bent in serpentine waves. Wl The most celebrated building in Charles- cal j ton, howevor, on< b in tm* JIU'LUI rrxjiii; '*? A old St. Michael's wii w clmvoh. It was tie- Uii ' sigiaod tut long ago Sl( ffia as 17;V2 lijn pujul ' Jj-ffi. tS of Sir Christopher Iw Is Wrenn, the archil ?' ^ Hani's -t?flfiiiP'ihin London. In the fig n 0 w demolished tower of the vencra,,1?church hung /v,V } // I the sweetest chime *' ST. MICHAEL'S. ?f J*"* U^1 *J" continent. fck> famous is it, so precious to the people of Charleston, that during the late war it was taken down and sent to England so it might not be damaged by the Federal can- J non known as tho "Swamp Angel." Tho Jk chime is very old. An incident that is said really to have happened in connection with Q the belfry of St. Michael's forms tho founda- ? tion of a fino and pathetic poem that is fro- % quently recited by elocutionists. Tho hero is ^ a slave man. % /II 1 4. 1 U. i? '! i UUJ leoLUIl liux UWIl Jlttl LltJlUUI IJ UlilUJ IU- f/j nate. War, fire, tidal wave, tornado, and ^ now an earthquake, have ppent their force upon the doomed city. Several times the to mi has been almost ruined. It is enough to discourage the inhabitants. 1 THE SEA SERPENT. Itj nd( Portrait of tlio Monster from Dcscrip- l>n tlous by Capt. Kobert Hnisli. the From a careful description of Copt. Robert lt : Brush, of the schooner Alary Ann, we are en- J101 abled to present our readers with an accurate 'lst engraving of the sea serpent seen in the Hud- *"v son river by the captain, and by many others |n on several occasions since. lns _ ~1 THE SEA SERPE5T, tioi There seems to be no longer any doubt of J!1? tbe existence of this marine monster. For n !r century cr mere similar ?erpent? bave been ?. seen and lescribed, but the stories have been 1 'lL-croditoU until this summer, when, through 800 the icrsistence of the monster In exhibiting ! itself. ;t can n? longer be considered a myth I In the last century * missionary to Green- j,ai land iescribes such a monster This was on .'uly 6, 17>4. Soon after this the bisbop of Bergen, 9 member of tbe Copenhagen ,e0 Academy of Sciences, published a "Natural ?jM' History of Norway," in which he collects con- * tiderablo evidence to prove the existence of j J"11 ?Ui.. T.. Ht? ono cn.-nnni- .t/nzft.-vt ' tllC wen opposite Gloucester, Mass , and the Lin- i . 1 naen society of New England, after carefully j investigating the alleged apparition, reported i rut that it '.onsidered tbe testimony obtained ! "sufficient to place tbe existence of the animal !P0 beyond doubt." On Aug. o, 1S+S, Capt. Mc- | ...u Qua lie, in command of tbe Daedalus of tbe ' Hrlsish navy, encountered n sea serpent. But this year tbe monster has been seen several . * times, notably off Gloucester on tho Massa- | _ chusetts roast and in the Hudson river and by "01 highly creditable witnesses. If the animal i9 1011 not eventually captured, it is to bo hoped at least a photograph of bim may be obtained j when the accuracy of eur picture of bill will V be established. ? j *yp PRESIDENT'S VACATION.' FFERSON OUTDONE IN DEMOCRATIC SIMPLICITY. 'esldent and Mr*. Cleveland Exchange the Luxury of the Million Dollar Mansion iu Washington for the Qniet of a Log Cabin In tlie Adlt-ofUlaoVs. TIIE PRESIDENTIAL LCNCH. rhe tourist traveling through the Adironck mountains and in the vicinity Upper Saranac Jake, N. Y.t might me across a party of four, with guido and servant, lunching on the * ~m ~~ - !-4, k..??if fV?rt fAm?. ni? OL U quiet Dueuiu. uu> u was unaware that President Cleveland is spending a month in that neigbborod, he would never suspect that in the oup l?fore liini the stout gentleman tb the great broad back, covered by a ecked flannel shirt, and whose head is rtly bid under the gray slouch hat, was the ler of the greatest nation the world ever held. Neither could lie detect tlwit there m any more deference paid to him than to y other gentleman who might be rusticating those woods. And yet to this man is inlsted the execution of the principal laws veniing 50,(XX),WW of j>eople. Ho cannot ily Ikj termed their ruler, for no ruler iu e world could trust himself among his ople without police or military protection, j tho president of the Uuitod States does, le broad-lacked man is President Cleveld. and the handsome, atldetio-looking ly in the plain, gray woolen dress anil broadimmed straw hat is bis wife. Tbe other ly is her mother, and the jolly looking irth person, the most richly attired nicnir of the party, in tho bottle green suit, is Dr. ard, of Albany. Thespot that tbe president s chosen for his vacation is the most seided jxirtian of tho Adirondack wilderness, cnty-four miles away from the nearest ilroad station. Tho log cottage which tho ?sident occupies is onethat was ronstructca the guides thereabout in the winter season, i the ground floor are a sitting room and Iroom, and above the whole is a large attic im occupied by Mrs. Folsom. Here is u rture of democratic simplicity for you. e bench outside tho back door with the iter pail and tin basin for ablution is missbut wooden buttons are on the doors inad of knobs, tho bedsteads aro made of ro and bark, the quaint furniture, the ips of rag carpet 011 the floor all remind presidont that I10 is many miles from the bite House and its anxieties. The whole >iu and its contents, which the president J party occupies, look as if it could bo plicated for ?200. Quito a contrast this th the palatial mansion which they left l>eid in Washington with its expenses of over JO,000 a j'ear. iiil! TlIK 1'IIESIDEXT FISIHK0. rhe president is nil enthusiastic fisherman, is said that President Arthur excelled as an! ipt lly thrower, which may all be, but j ?sident Cleveland will always be known as : i better nil around fisherman. lie goes at j iti his usual thorough way. He requires j lienor asks any advice from guides. Ho | ens, of course, attentively to any infornmn offered. but in tho interchange of points I the piscatorial art he is more likely to givo truetion than receive it. )ne of the guides who accompanied the sidont on a fishing trip last year ecKiched on Davy t'nx?kett with tho followHe said that when the president first ew his line in Lake Saranac. there was ite a commotio!i among the fish. A great ut stuck his head out of the water with * ghtened look on his wet face, and asked, i that you, President Cleveland"Yes, p namo is Cleveland." "All light, Mr. sveland, I <un at your service." The fish ]>ed out of the water to the president's feet tlead as a canned mackerel. ,'his story, other guides claim, is a fabricate They hold that tho tremendous catches president secures is not duo to any parlity on the part of tho trout, but to tho 11 and attention which Mr. Cleveland ngs to bear on bis rod. Mrs. Cleveland ids also to be fascinated with th? sport, 1, under her husband's tutelage, she is sly to become as celebrated as ho in theso ts. In a report of one day's catch of trout president's figure is put at 115, while his e is credited with 4'J more of the s|*>ekW nities. As she has had hut little experi- | e her success can bo attributed to luck, ! ugh the charming grace with which sho iillcs the rod should be enough to capture j most timid fish. fear the president's cabin is the Snranac , which will accommodate about seventy sts. It is owned by a company of the prcsut's friends, who run it not to naku ; uey, but jus a sort of private club house, j .< telegraph connects the place with civation. 'he president left the White House 011 Au^, ; and it is his intent ion to lie back at his k ou Sept. IT. Then will the president's iilen shirts be put away where the mollis mot reach them. And the trout v'lb-iut r may rest for another season. V. D. Ilowelb writes nil his novels with n 1 ie- writer. j TWO FAMOUS BRIDGES, High Bridge, Kentucky, and a New One Across the Hndfton. In one of the most beautiful and picturesque locations in America stands High bridge, j Kentucky. It spans the Kentucky river, and is the railway crossing of the Cincinnati Southern road on its track ?o .New Orleans. Pic' nica to High Bridge are the fashion in summer in that region for hundreds of miles around. A flight of 600 steps lea<ls the foot passenger down beside the bridge to the water below. Once an unwary traveler fell down the itcps and was killed.. HIGH BRIDGE, KENTUCKY. H igh bridge is ono of the great bridges of : the North American continent. Its three | ; spn:osare together 1.125 feet long. It is 270 feet j j high. The idea of n bridge at this romantic ! spew is more than a generation old It was ! j first attonn>ted to bo carried out by the I^ex ingjon and Danville Railway company. They ! planned a suspension bridge. The president , of the company had such faith in it that at ! his own expense ho constructed the lowers j that appear in the illustration. Then the organization failed, and the towers stand to ' this day a monument of blasted hopes. The Cincinnati Southern company bought j I the road bed of the former concern and built i across the river a bridge of tho ordinary oon| structiou, in which the towers were not utilized. new nudso.v rivet, bridge. Tho bridge across the Hudson river at Pcckslrill is not built yet, except upon paper. It is not, hut it is to be by the 1st of January, lt>8$, its charter says. The Union Bridge company, of J>7ew Yoik city?Uen. W. C. Hurd, president?has tbe contract lor its construction. It is to lw a suspension bridge, patterned aft>>r those at Brooklyn and Cincinnati. Feekskfll is a picturesque and wealth}' town on the left bank of tho Hudson, forty-two miles north of New York city, chiefly noted for being tho summer homo of Henry Ward Beecher. Close by Is Anthony's Nose, a mountain 1,5U0 feet high. The bridge will cross from ' the sule of this mountain, at a height above the Hudson ---? ? ?ni.i .11 1 U..I liver 01 iw? mei. inn wui iwvt<iini>ii uriun for the passage of ships and strainers. Washington Irving in his highly veracious history Buys the mountain got its name from the nasal organ of Anthony Van Corloar. Tho bridge will cross from Anthony's Nose to old Korf Clinton 011 the west bank. The- height above the water of the towers supporting the cables will lie something tremendous 310 feet It is proposed to connect 011 the west side of the river with tho Erio railway, the Lehigh and Hudson, the New York, Susquehanna and Western, the Ontario and Western, tho Central Railroad of Now Jersey, the Pennsylvania railroad, the Reading, the Ealtimo e nnd Ohio, tho New Jersey and Nov York, tilt' Delaware, Lackawanna and Western, tho Pennsylvania and Slatington and the West Shore railroads; 011 the east side of the river with the New York Central and Hudson j River railroad and the New York City and Northern railroad?thus giving direct com-1 munii ation with the elevated railway system 1 of New York city and tho New York and | Harlem, the Ilonsatonic. tlje Naugatuck, tho I New York, New Haven, Hartford and Spring- I field, and the New York and New England | railroads; a direct all-mil connection between j the preut western and southwestern states j and all New England, tlo western nvercoun- 1 ties of New York ami tho city of New York. A Veteran Prohibitionist. GIN. KBAI. DOW. (.ton. Neal Dow was the originator of the bugl>enr to tho Jiquor traffic knowv as the , "Maine law" and might bo termed its back*- i ( bone for t!ic past thirty-live years, or since | the nresent law was inaugurated. Gen. Neal : Dow is at present in the neigborhood of TG years. As thu portrait shows lie liears some , facial resemblance to Kuglnud's great states- I man, Gladstone. lie is also active and vigor- j ous lint here the likeness onrls, for lien Dow is a small man with a slight figure. The stern lines of his mouth indicate great firm- I ncss of character uml this is carried out 111 : his career, lie has been an unflinching ad vo- 1 care of principle throughout his whole life. : I lo is to-day one of the principal let. dens in the movement to establish an independent national party which will have fur i;.< plan!; the prohibition of the snle or manufacture of spirituous liquor, except for the use of thy arts anil medicine in this country. This party he claims will hokl the balance of i*>wer iii : Uie presidential election of 1L&& I MCLE SAM'S' TRINTERS. THOMAS E. BENEDICT, THE NEW PUBLIC PRINTER, AND HIS WORK. T1:o Largest Publishing House In the World?A Monument to the Garrulity : of Congress, and the Natural Desire to So# Their Forensic Efforts in Print. Tlio office of public printer, that was for so long a time a bone of contention, has at last been lianrled over to Mr. Thomas E. Bene-1 diet, of New York, who was not an applicant | for tlio position, and whoso name was not even thought of by wiseacres in connection with the place. THoijIAS B. BENEDICT. Thomas K Dencdict was born at Warwick, J Orange county, N. Y., in 1880. His cduca- : t.imi wfis nlitninpfl nt, thn rammnn school and t at the Warwick institute. He engaged in t teaching during Lis early years, and drifted tbencc into a railroad ofllce, and finally into bookkeeping. lie always had on affinity for j printing offices, however, and, wherever he s lived, was sure to be an industrious corny ^ spondent of the local newspaper. He moved , to Ulster couuty in 18(>3 as a lwokkoeper of the Ulster Iron Rolling mill, and in 1S70 ? started The Elleuville Press in partnej-ship ^ with his brother, G. H. Benedict. The paper gained a reputation for its vigorous Democracy, and in 1873 tho firm purchased The Banner of Liberty, which they conducted as a staunch Democratic weekly, gaining for it ? u circulation that extended to every state . and territory of the Union. In 1879 Mr. Benedict was elected to the New York legislature and was re-elected for four successive terms, each year bj* an increased majority. 1 There he gained the confidence and friend- * ship of Governor Cleveland, Daniel Manning . and other leading Democrats, and in 1884 was appointed deputy comptroller, which of- *, fioe ho has since filled. Ho is known specially for his executive ability and un- \ blemished integrity. Mr. Gilbert II. Benedict, the new chief ^ clerk to the public printer, is a brother of Lis 6 chief, and was appointed by Public Printer ? Rounds before his retirement Mr. Benedict twos bom at War- c wick, N. Y., in ? 184(5, and was educated at the War- 1 wick academy. At ! 15 years of age ho . began work at the printer's trade in the office of Tho 1 Putnam County Courier, then edited by his brother, Capt. Charles E. Itim/xiwif. vvlu\ nftiii' i^j7fff"v... ..-, -?--- i f'm^I Wr//7^ ward died in the I service of the Union oif.DKUT rt. nnNEDici. nrniy. From there be went to Ncwburg, where he set type on the old Newburg Telegraph, and thence gravitated to New York city, where, for nearly ten yeai-s, he worked in the largest book and job printing concern in the metropolis. After one or two attempts at country uewspaper editing, ho formed a partnership with his brother, T. E. Benedict, in conducting The Ellenvillo Press and Banner of Liberty, of which paper he has been sole proprietor for tho past three years. He was a member of Typographical Union No. 0, of NiAv York, during his residence in that city, and is a stanch advocate of labor organizations a nd the rights of workingmeiL wmwwzy THE GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. j} Tbo niaiuiuotb establishment that Mr. Benedict assumes charge of is the largest printing ^ office in tbe world and located a mile north of the Capitol in what was once called '-swain- ,. poodle." It requires an army of 2,300 men : and women tlio year round, with a pay roll i of about Slli."),(K)0 per month to turn j 01 out it-s productions. Ovor 3,500 tons of I paper are fed into tbo capacious maw i ^ of this monster to bo evolved into Hanks,! C| pamphlets, maps, elegant bound books, in fact' jr everything possible in the way of printed 1 ^ matter. The capacity of this establishment j ^ is practically unlimited and the sjwed with 1 which it can execute work cannot be excelled ; anywhere. As congress has ordered tho, (j printing of every bill when introduced, and j ^ reprinted every time an amendment is [ m adopted, and as sonic of these bills are! , amended as often as thirty-seven times the j numbers of copies of bills printed during a ' session of congress amounts to millions upon | millions. Tbo copy of a bill or report in; ^ congress, making fifty or sixty largo printed j pages, may be received at 10 o'clock in tbo j fl] morning and in two or three hours tho i printed anil stitched or bound copies will bo laid on the desks of members. The Congres- 1 sional Record reports tho doings of congress daily, and contains more matter than two ordinary daily newspapers, and yet let I P. ibo night session be long or short Tbe Record, j L-ontaiuiug a verbatim account of the day's > doings, will be on each member's desk before I . Lbs; opening of the following day's session. ' . J'o do this a wagon u kept going day and night collecting copy nnd returning proofs of j . speeches to the mcmiiers for corrections ' 'J'lio press room contains nearly KM) of the j most improved printing presses, from which ire delivore<Leach hour about 100,000 sheets :>f printed matter. Thirty immense ruling machines arc in constant use in the bindery, j j,, mil in the folding room, as elsewhere, tho i a test and most improved machinery is used 1 Li> facilitate the work. A brief history of j S(J, government printing is as follows: j n<| In t!i<' first session of the First congress, w I < !', the printing of hills and journals was ' jn lone under the secretary of flic senate and y, lerk <.'f the house. In 1704 a sjiecilic appro-: tr uriation was made for "firewood, stationery I yc Did printing work," $10,000. In 1 the presi-1 ea leut's message was the tirst document printed ' P1 tn 1919 each house elected its own printer tot ;he session. The prinera to congress now jecame affluent and fc, sntertained bandlomely. These also MKL fgLl rave rise to the party fr? fiy lewspaper organ sys- feaMK^- ty /em. The tnost hoted fiir^ljN JT A vera Gales, Heaton, " * /jk g||^ ] Blair and Hives. The^jjKtta^yjMfa^ j printing of the Twen;y-seventh congress 4 x>st $200,000. In 1846 >^5*^ ,~7e7/ ;he contract system sterlwo P. B0U5DS. wa ivas adopted. In 1853 mi ;he oflice of superintendent of publio ^ printing was creatxxl In 1876 the office waj ^ :hanged from congressional to public printer,; ^ uid appointed by the president Mr. A. M. i ^ Slapp, Mr. John D. Defrees and Mr. Sterling tw P. Rounds wore the predecessors of Mr. 1 ^ Benedict. The cost of the government print- U8l ing is now about $2,500,000 per annum. k AN AIR STEAMER. !? rhe Steam Balloon Invented by willlam ^ Patterson, San Francisco. Now comes Professor William Patterson, ( Dridge builder, actor, hunter, squatter, trap- ^ ser, soldier and inventor, of San Francisco, jj( uid solemnly avers that he has constructed a j ^ Walloon which will float uoon the air like an ? ordinary balloon on <je the onp hand, and ja| on the other will ^ permit itself to bo ^ propelled and steered by steam, libo a boat upon the |n| water. All must ^ hope that Mr. Pat- WJ terson's faith will be justified by the resuits. His balloon nu may not yet be the on tion which will < solve the problem of esl wrr.r.iam ?attebsox. air navigation. yet lik et no one doubt that the problem will be gli olved. If Professor Patterson does not do it, pa ben somebody else will This is the age of tip yonder. gl: Mr. Patterson has invented a number of na irticles in bis time. Ono of them is an auger go vhich cuts a square holo. He is a disabled cl( oldier and wears a G. A. R. badge. at-" For twenty years ho lias been studying Be ibout this steam balloon. He thought by day an tnd dreamed by night. At last his mingled as Iream and thought have taken material form ad n the machine shown in the picture. po It will 1? observed that this balloon, like he steamship and sail boat, takes the shape of ne i bird or tlsb, those creatures which travel at ase through air and Water. This is a point ^ u its favor. The whole machine is 180 feet ^ ong. In its widest part it is 43 feet It has P8 l lifting power of 17,000 pounds. A unique *? eaturo is its propelling power. This consists >f -i separate engines of 12 horee-power each, ^ 10 horse altogether. They work either tojcther or separately. A parachutcof 11,000 quare feet is attached, to save the air trav- ?" lers in case of accident. It lies folded upon ?*< lie side of the balloon, but can be unfurled ilmost instantly, the inventor says. Great 110 inns or ribs are shot out and the covering w' traiglitens itself upon them. The parachute s opened and closed by the balloon's steam ^ nachinery. The .car is 13 feet doep. The ^e >alloon part alone is 34 ieet high, 'llw en- ^ ire height, bag, car and wheels and wheel P? hafts is 54 feet. The whole machine weighs 1,500 pOOndl and cost $1.5,000. ' ? &1 '^T f <g~. ** ~=*^/' - for PATTEKSON'8 STEAM BALLOON. un The man who had faith enough in this air tlu teamer to advance money to help build it He ras not one of the California millionaires, as of ne might expect. It was a person who waa wa ! lr - Pr?f?nr f'nrl in leyen, of .New York. The fact that he, chi rith bis experience, put in his money to con- aui truct the thing, scorcs a long mark in it* loo ivor. Hie The car part consists of hickory ?r white am sh ribs, veneered with birch. It is flat-botlined. The balloon or inflated part is divided ito three compartments by strong, white i otton sheeting. This prevents the rush of sch as to one portion of the balloon. The bag ii ket self made of the strong, white xx>tton cloth, cgj] f triple thickness at the top. The danger of cor ursting is thereby lessened. ati< The ling is inclosed in a net of flat woven Tli, nen bands, with a three-inch mesh. The ^ etting is attached to the car by irou hooks, g^o Might into eyelets in leather straps. baX Professor Patterson has expected for two <] ears to muke the attempt to cross the conti- wa ent from San Francisco to New York, but cirnmstauces have thus far prevented his mak- juo )g t'.ie attemj)t. Tlvort; is lack of money suf- jut dent to try the experiment, for one thing. car his is how it it at present with the bright flrs lea tbftt struck Billy Patterson. The pro- nui filing force of tho machine id placed inline- jla lately at the intersection of tho car and i illoon, so that both can be controlled by it. fl,0 he engine is thus elevated above the bottom ?' : the car. Tho HerrcshofT engine is employed. ? Tho wheels that appear below the edge of aut le car are to catch it when it lands and to j >11 it upon land. They arc attached to Limpers and worked with machinery, so a jj, iey will not jolt and can be turned about in eve ly direction. The propeller screws that ap- fuj jar beneath the car are made of hollow stoel unc] ivered with green rawhide. Each screw is jerated by one of the engines. No ballast is ?cessary. The balloon is elevated or do- g02 -essed by means of the screws beneath. At pn j le stern appears the combined rudder and i koi. opeller. all, Living accommodations aro provided with- wj? tho car. In tho bow of the air boat is seen, f the illustration, tho mouth of a pipe. This 5^ ipplics draft to the furnaces. Tho fuel em-1 j ^ oyed has little bulk. The whole machine is j instructed to afford the greatest strength cjja itn tlic least weigut. ,vhi The "In Trade" for ra^timr. j0](] Tlianks to tlw introduction of the praotict ! ftjv England, it is getting to l>e quite fashion jjC( >le to he "in trade" here. But to Ixs "in ade" anil be fashionable, too, you must pos- ' ss enough money to be iii(lei?einl''nt of trade. T Liat Is to Rav, you may dabble in coals or ^ bar ine, if you c hoose, or run a line of hansoms, mcl it you must do it for jiastime, not l?e<'uuse ; cole >u" huvo to. Tho moment you prosecute ! ude as a necessity your caste vanishes and i varj >u become a mcro nobody whom "our set" | mnot afford to bo intimate with at any j -< ice.?Alfred Trumble in New York News. | ivl UMBRELLA FIENDS. " .. ??11 IOSYNGRASIES OF WtttL KNOWN1 NUISANCES. ttart'a CbMrMiti1 Sho-rtrn by the Way Be Carries Hi* Umbrella?The Obnoxious and Osoietou "Jabber"?Swell, granger and fat Mas. .-'ij \ man often shows bis character by tbe ly he carries bis umbrella If bo is aboentnded bo will lug it by tbe top of tbe handle, reless of whether it is folded or flapping, d indifferent if it trails behind him upori : a pavement He may be bustling, harry-. _r, in bigb spirits, and if so be frequently ' iris his umbrella in circles from the wrist . be spins down tbe street If he is fat ha, ? VI. 1.?ll- ? . ?? It Va iro ma uiuumia ?u a vaiic vi pai iwyj f ?. ?iv ^ ?, a clergyman bo carries it limply before 11; if be is angry be grabs it by tbe handle if it were a club; and if he is a dacfe be Ices tbe fertile ih front of hiitii-fchtil ihes tbe paremont, and as he passes oq itches it forward again. Jne of the most familiar of tbe umbrellarrying species is the "jabber" or "aliover." ) lugs his parachute under his arm, with ~ ? ferule straight out behind and the handle fid in front He pokes off more bats, im' nts more stomachs, gouges more ribs and. r be moro spines as he walks along than one uld shake a stick at in a week. He never >ps to soc who be bas punched. Not he. itb his lips compressed as tightly as the lid an iron chcst, ho goes on, frowning, bump- v ; into passers-by, and with an air that ims to say: "If you don't get out of the iy you'll be hurt" He is generally old and', in, but sometimes be Las not reached mid5 age. The public abhors Mm,' a ad he is a isanoo that Ko-Ko most inexcusably litted from bis famous list. TDK MILITARY SWILL. rhe heavy military swell is another inter* > :ing umbrella carrier. His chest sticks out J a a pptitqc pigeon's, his new plug hat, stens like Day & Mnrtin'4< blacking,^ His ntaloon* aro the newest, his frock coat tt&~' ;btesfc, his mustachq the .itagqsti a^ch-hid' ire the most ferocious i?een .on titV rpfbme*'* ' de. He carries the umbrella by his side a? ,s od deal as if It were a sword; sticking wcly to liis portly figure. It is a scrtdicrljr" L Even his traducers couldn't dcQjr. Kha^'1 ihold him, with his dandy parasol af ' J glo of forty-fire degrees, close to his ribrf,. he strides along in true military step, the" /t miration and envy of every helmeted lice man on the beat and the butt for ilgar jokes from every barefooted passing WBboy. rhen there is the countryman from. way. * . ck, who lugs his venerable rain-distributor th bim when he goes over to Ridge way rk. See him on the boat! FGs back fa ward us, and his ancient, faded, blue pa rail to is outlined beside him. Ho carries It :e a hoc, and a boo that ho doesn't care niuch" J, ^ out. Its creascs are worn by weather,' its' g ndlo was painted, but the paint has worn . lie is au emblem of tbe hayseed re- . ins, and so is his parasol, which heciiagttrl th a grip like the grip of destiny. He may ^ t lug his umbrella with much grace, but ten ho gets to Ridgeway park it will bo are with hini; and, no matter bow many' aes he "saves his life" with tbe island beer, . ; will hang on to his rain protector, and go ' ck with it to his home among the corn tches and wheat fields. ~ \ . /, THEVEftY T\i HA*. [t i3 a rare thing for the very fat man td ) his umbrella exceptas a parasol, it wards > rnrirviMfify mmmnr fmin hM " iuosuitaovwivuuie??.uiHv. ^ und and perspiring countenance. With bk dgy hand he grasp; the handle and carries 3 parachute over bis crown, while his sum- " >r vest Haps to and fro, and tbe entire area' his person is coursed by little rills that run " 0 his shoes. Ho enjoys his umbrella more,' in most peoplo. As a general thing his'* >uth is open, his brow is moist, bis feet lie down on tbe trembling earth like edrivers as he moves on with majestiestep, * d his manner of breathing resembles that' the porpoise when that fish conies to the 1 of tho briny billows to blow. ] , i rhe Jforfolk-jacketcd young man from .the ' ies, who carries his umbrella with' Ijfci on > seashore, is a uoticcable specimen of tbff * * ius of umbrella carriers. The rim of hi*"' aw liat is as stiff as the bow of a rich man " a poor rolation, and his attire is faultless, ' is ho not a "gilded*5 youth! His black silk ihrella is wranned so small and 80 tiffhiir it it looks like a. Cambridge walking stick*" i carries it daintily and negligently in front' him, as be saunters by the sail aea waves', v telling the witching gambols of themaideni' V the surf. He is liannless; fco is bis para^.' ate. Neither of them are intended for hse, 1 both make a combination that doesn't k at all out of placo on the golden sands of ) sounding shore, when August's sun soars ibitiously.? Philadelphia News. Introducing a New Brand. Tig wino jobbers sometimes reeort to a eme that puts money iu their pockets but >ps that of their customers long tied up in lars. For example, a new brand dT. lies into the market. The first consider- * an of tho joblier is how to get a run on it. 7 3 customary advertising methods are brushaside as inadequate and slow, for yott ' ' '' uld know tliat wine must go with a ftzt'. lg! boom! else ft will be a taring speculation. 'hree good looking, well dressed gentlemen Ik into a leading hotel, register as front ^uit and different cities and order a sump-' us dinner. The head waiter is asked to pro- " :ethc wine list of tho house. They scan it efully and begin to growL "Never saw a t-class hotel with so meager and hark- ' nberisb a wine list. Havent you th? rco Bozaris wino heruf he waiter politely replies that it is not in bouse if they-do not find it on tho list. ^ Then send ont for it,1 i? tKp command. * Very sorry, gentlQtnen, but I am not horized to do that" : " * he three Marco Bozaris drinkers oratoriy enlarge upon the necond-clos? character of atel tliat does nut keep "tho' best wine that * r was brought into New York," being cartsto make their oratory and tho test th'ereof" lerstoivl by all the guests In the room Afdinner they sannter up to the office and ' the proprietor why they can't get Marco laris wine at his tables, cxpatiatogenerajly its superior qualities, and cleverly, though, teroosly, manage to leave an impressiou-' aver tho houso that lifo id of tittle north bout Marco BozarU. be next day tho new brand is added to fliosaguered hotel's wino list The other day'* nntcd the list at dinner and found that my 3] was carrying twenty-two brands of1 mpagne, for not abovo a half a dozen of; ch is there a call once ill tnreo tnonens. n I made inquiries of the steward, who I mo the true story of the three oratorical * ocates of Marco Bozaris.?Now York Cor. roit Free Press. . Tlie Latest Thins: In Watermelons. ho latest thing in melons is tlio "scaly k." This is tlio second season for thi* 1 on, and it is extra lino. It i*A dai-k gtwn ?r, ^ith irregular patches of a scaly ap- "* In nee. It is said to be a most reliable ' ietv, and an excellent article for shipping,"* ' account of its keeping qualities*?lioar k Evening Post. _