University of South Carolina Libraries
ijp i ^ f I WITMlMH'EI >Pi?WI J1BU M JWWJ^ r,rm*tm*^*0gfJ^lKPGB^^ ? <? m*mu ~*m*iw.w>WVBXBG^ >+i-t JV??* by IIUGII WILSON. ABBEVILLE, S. C., WEDNESDAY, MAY 2(3, 188G. VOLUME XXX. NO." 47. jjj mmmmaamaaBsamsKmRammmm wagmw mcsrsecxxmm AX INDIAN DEER-HUNT. METHODS USED SY 7 HE APACHES IN j RUNNING DOWN THE GAME. I No Deer Permitted to Escape After It Has j Been Shot at :iutl missed?After tl?e I Deer Once Drinks?The Kelcntless In- , dinn Pursuer. | It is well to prohibit the hounding of deer ' in the gama legions of tins or u:iy other i siato," said Lorin A\"agoner, who lelt this I place twrtity years ago to live in the west, i j:n<L who is on his iirsi. visit cast since then: j "but it yoa had a pack of Apache Indians 1 Jiving 111 your deer woods the prohibition on dogs running deer would bo of 110 u>.e unless tlie Indian; were also prohibited lrora running lhem. A do/en Apache Indians will xuu dow n more deer in one season than a jjack of the most persistent hounds could in live. "When it comes to a matter of human ? _..i 1 endurance i muni an nunc uuiuu v?u i give points to any Caucasian that bieathcs. 'io ta.<o a si.ty mile run through woo.ts and I swamps, and over hills and rocks after an lieer is an ordinary tvery-day task for an Apache hunter, aim he always gets the do?r. In every day lil'o the geuuine, untamed A}*iolie scorns to bur.len himself with any ! unnecessary apparel, taking as a model in j this respect the original Adam before ha indulged in that unfortunate bite of an apple; and when the Apanie hunter sets out lor a j liuut he dispenses With even such light j articles of raiment as ho may have been in- i tiU'.-ed to ? ear. lie needs no dog to lind the <leer-trad for him, for his eye is as quick as j ?, dog's scent, lie lollows it as sileiuJy as a J il.o Jrtri? fnr knows tlinfc it will not bo ! long before he wdl come in sight of the game, either feeding or lying down in the bushes. "When he sights the deer, which he does long before a white hunter would b9 able to discover it, the wily s-avuge steals upon it n?ith such skill and stealth that it is seldom the animal suspects his presence, if the deer's head is turned away from him he suuii.es his foot on the ground or breaks a twig. At the .sound tlia deer, if he is lying tlowu, springs to its feet and whiris about, lacing the direction of the noise, if it is leading it also turns quickly with its faco lo ihfl hunter. The Indians aiwavs desires to ki.l the deer at tho firsc shot, and that must be a bullet in tho center of tho forehead. "When the deer turns the Apache aim> at the forehead with great accuracy; Lut if, as sometinios happens, the detr is quicker to d.scover the tause of its alarm than the liuutcr is to shoot, and turns for iiigbt, or if tlie huntir's gun mi.-ses fire, as it frequently will, the serious business of the hunter begins, for the dter is oil' with the speed of the wind. HE SCORNS TO FIRE TWICE. "An Apache hunter scorns to l'.re twice at the same ckar, but it is also his code that no <ieer mus: be permitted 10 escape aitorithas been shot at and missed. if the hunter luils ! to check his game at the first the he must run it down and Lein at the death. And in tnis way he never fails, for when the Apaclie ^ tarts on the trail of a marked deer he never leaves it, unless he sustains an injury, on i tne way that mjapacitat.-s him, until he ! ti:es it out and returns with its carcass to ! his wigwaui. As the ueer stai ts away in ! in its fright at the si^ht of tho hunter or the hound of his gun, Kai ing thirty or forty feet at every bounu, thi Indian throws h.s gun on the ground, and with piercing yells i-taris in pursuit. The deer at first leaves tne hunter mr behind, putting lorth its I .greatest ellorts to gjt far beyo.ut his reach, j l.ut no n atter how fast the doer may reel ? V ? l>" l/.n I.A?fiMnn %.?? ? .< .?/-?? ->A %jil inir JiiiiCd ?iv;twvv.u iU uua no jnu 3i?ci tuo i trail it ItaviS is as p.a;n to the huutar as if | it were marked in chalk all tho way. "A deer is the most timiu and suspicious of animais and at thj same time possesses .an amazing amount of curiosity. Alter it has placed distance between itself and the immediate uatiger from whi.h it Ued its siops and a\\a*t its further developments. The .Apache hauler well knows this characteristic of the deer, an.l he jogs aiong at a live mile-an-hour gait, never lagging, never Mopping. -.T-t a sign;, or souuu oi m-j an- i prcachiug hunter mo dew bounds oil again 10 run a mile or two and stop again. it is i tiiesj halts that are the lirst latal stops. I They are not long enough to give the deer any beneficial rest, but, on tno contrary, five time ior his legs to stiffen. At each new stare the leaps grow shorter, and the ?.eer .-tarts away reluctantly aud with decreasing acti\icy. The Indian jogs along on the trail maintaining a uniform rate oi spe^d. lie can keep up without stopping J or six hours if necessary. After two or taree hours' running the deer begins tj look lor water to ouench its thirst. When this stage of the chase is reached, the hunter knows thut the deer's doom is sealed. After the deer once drinks there is no hope for it It lills its parched stomach with water, and, laden with the burden, its leaps grow still shorter and a:e made laboriously. It before drinking the deer m.ide its halts at intervals of two miles, after drinking they are made every mile. SiUNti OK THE DEER'S EXHAUSTION". ''Thj relentless Indian pursuer never drinks wmio on the traiL liis tongue may bang white and swollen from his mouth, lie may be choke.l with dust, his stomach may be burning up with heat, but not a swallow ot' water uoes he take. W'bon a dear drinks of a str.am ho swims to the other side, and the Indian plunges into the water at the tame s; ot and crosses. As ho dashes across he scoops up a handful of water and carries it to his mouth, where he holds it, rinsing it about tor a lew seconds and then rejects it. if he is obliged to swim ho lets the wat r run in and out of his mouth, but carefully prevents a drop from entering his stomach. An hour or so alter the Indian has discovered that the deor has lilied its stomach with water ho begins to examine the traii more careiuliy as he runs, for ho knows tnat it is then time fur him to l;nd signs of the deer's exhaustion. A drop of biood here and there along the trail indicates to tbe Indian that the deer has fallen on its knees at thosj spots, a bunch o: hair hanging to a projecting e.ige of rock or sharp branch hanging low across tho trail proves that the deer's &trczi?iu LUIS luneu, aw uuat u vau llkjv L-Ui'Xl quickly out of the way of obstacles. Vv hen these infallible signs of the deer's approa. hing doom are iound by the hunter, he increases his speed for the iirst time. He soon discovers the game, and with a yell of triumph bounds forward. "The cry started the fallen animal to a j momentary burst of speed. After a leap or two it &tops. As if aroused to the fact j that further efforts to escape were utterly futile, it turns and faces its pursuer with all J tho defiance its exhausted nature will per- , rr.it The hunter knows the animal is too ; weak to harm him. and he Sei. es it boldly, throws it to the ground and cuts its throat, i Without a second's delay tho Indian cuts from behind tho i'oreshouider a largo pie e of meat, and trotting to and fro constantly, he sujks the warm Llood from the meat, end now and then eats a small portion of it After sucking the meat dry he throws the carcass across his shoulder, if it is not ! .00 heavy, and starts Lack for his wigwam, j Cor. Kew York Mail and Express. The mouth of the Mississippi river is again filling up with sand and debris, dssjita the Eft.is system of cioa'rag^ THE BEGGARS OF LONDON. Places YVTiere PHvertj' Clings to the Skirts of 'Wealth?Impostors. In most of tbo capitals of Europo tha i poor live ac tho back door of the rich. Wherever weaUh makes an attempt to escape from poverty by segregation or colon-! i'.ation poverty clings to its skirts as m> toors follow in tho trail of a comet. It may I be said that 1U0,0JJ persons ia all stages or j *? - i ? u r 1 U.I poverty live m cue cast um 01 j.uuuuu, u-j- i cause the ri'.h earn their gold there. Another R'U.OJJ live in the west end, because the wealth of the well-to do classes is spent there. Within bow-shot of Buckingham palace there are houses in which tho rooms j are rented and sub-rented to beggars, j thieves, s amstresses and a whole tribe of seedy adventurers who earn a dubious liveli- j hood by prey;ng 0:1 tho credulity of their j philanthropic neighbors. * or begging in London has been reduced ; to a line art, and there are probably l(i,(?(X) persons unworthy of any sort of charity who make their living in this way exclusively. Children are >enr. out, whole droves of them, in rags which scarce conserve tho vital heat in their tiny bodies with a distinct understanding that there is 110 b.-d. breakfast, dinn.r or supper lor them, except what they can earn in thj streets by stealing or begging, us the case may lie. U'oe to the l.ttio wreu-li who returns penniless to his parents in the evening Tho bays aro beaten; the girls aro culled. la the very sewers themselses on th> banks of the muddy Thames these iiltie urchins literally pick up a living, the extent of which is measured by tho philanthropy or sen-e of justice of the junk-shop keeper. Still as I nave airoauy remarkc-d, begging is tho mainstay of outcast London. Tue str eet Arab of feu James' and !St. Giles' could teach many a lesson to the rapacious Bedouins who exact backsheesh from tho sL'ht-sear at tho pyramids, or the lazzaroni who threateningly demand alms in tho streets of Is a pie; and on the slopes of Vesuvius. Compared witl? tho I Loudon street Arab, or the professional mendicant of the Strand and tho liolbom viaduct, thj importunate widow of lioly Writ was au agreeable visitor. 'l he begging letter iniposters of I.ondon, like all vagabonds, live in tribes and spv'nd their moin-y as free.y as they earn it. 1-or obvious reasons, they select domiciles which shall give thorn the greatest readiness of access to their intended victims, tho nobility an l the large class who live in independent circumstances, having accumulated fortunes or retired on annuities. Ex-oilicers of tho army and navy are particularly favore 1 by the Legging letter-writer, and as a rosu t Westminster. PimiLo and Chelsea, be.-au>e of their convenience to the horie guards and Somerset bouse, are largely patronized by the fraternity. The do.iges 01 the bogging letter-writer aro innumerable. He has tho army and navy list at Lis linger's ends and can take up the peerage and baronetage of Debrott and point out one after llit' otner tho peculiarities and especially the mo'iey-giving or parsimonious tendencies of eavh. Alembers of parliament aro invariably avoided, for these gentlemen a.s law-makers are great sticklers for the observance of the laws, and o;> ih > same prin- j cijilo that they never give a ha ck*. I rive' more than his iogal fare, tiiey pointedly refer the begging letter-writer to tho reiiev- j ing olricer of the work-house or to tho nearest police magistrate.?London cor. Haitimore Herald. As Daii^mus as :i JJu/.z Saw. The diule is now becoming as dangerous to approach as a bu</ saw. Fashion has decreeJ that he shall practice the carrying of his cane after the manner known in England as mowing. Vv'hen you encounter him face to laco on tiio avenue, jerjung uis way along as if every bono in his body was. loosely articulated w itli cord, and carving the air ali around him wita ferocious sweeps of a cane as big as one of his own legs, you recognize him as a thing of terror, indeed, and if you are a wise man give him the sidewalk to himself. The perilous character of this performance is enhanced by the f ict that v. hen the uude once guts started in tills species of pedestrian f t Vitus, dance he tan not stop liimsel , but has to keep it up like a car on a down grade until his momentum exhausts itself. The othar evening n.?n iufr* ? prmuil rfcf" jjeoplo coming out from a concert at (.'bickering hull, lie was working like a steam engine when the collision occurred, and in a moment more the air was pierce! with shrieks and lamentations as his cL-adly tana bored and slashe I its way through the crowd. Ho came out 011 the other side in triumph and went jiggling Oil' up th9 street looking as ii' he was going to drop pieces at every step, but mak.ng tuo air whistle under the sweeps of his irre.dstibie stall. It is the upper level of a dude ambition to be a first-class "mower," as they call it in dear old London, don't you know. .My old friend, l'roftssor .Senai:, 1 understand, teaches it by rule, like the single sticu, and has no end of pupils.?-New York 2\ews ''JBaoblo." Theodore Parker on the Platform. Theodore Parker was one of the most wonderful platform speakers we have ever had. Mo u an over felt more keenly. Ho knew ho was misunderstood. He knew that he was at a disadvantage. .No man saw so widely tho idea of huaiauitj'. lie dea.t in a vast variety of Hows, barcasm was native to him. owing to his intensa hatred of a sham, lie would not com; romise. I saw him once iu the New York tabernacle, when his appeals were irresistibly strong. .Not having sympathy with his views, lie nevertheless pounded me with his logic until I could not think or move. Then, in the mid.?.t of his argument, ho moved away I from his de>k; marched across tiie great | stage, and began to pound on the huge j n.-nM(Lti TiiiSn t u thfit" I 'Mil.'od til 4 lie pounds I till tho bail echoed "This," ! lie crie 1, "this is tho argument wo get \ sound, sound, nothing but a magnificent I :-ouinl. it is the echo ot the blows of the ' old brute ages reverberating into our days to din our ears, and stop thum against the truth." The e.'iect was wonderfully dramatic and poweriuL It opened our ears to I an unusual degreo of caudor ana lairncss. ? j Cor. blowe-Deu;ocrat. Qualities ofWillinm I.Itiyd (Jarrison. "William Lloyd Garrison was neither groat as an orator nor as a writer, but. ho u-;is su- j pcrbly great in purpose. He weighed as mu<u oil mo pjuuorm us unj m>iu t-vur trod i'.. Ho was invincible, but as gentlo and molest as tho poet who would 1101 tread 011 a crawling worm, lie cared not a far- i thing to Lo a hero, or lor heroism in others. It was simply purpose, a:i end, j that contr olled him. iio lia l a thing to do. I Without tho least blu-ter. or a coiu-eption of possible failure, he wont sir tight to the point. His habits w?*i o wlio.ly those of a iftau of no importance, yet his purpose madj him thts most po.ver.ui man iu Ameirca. ?Cor Ulobe-I)emocrat. A Scheme of Joko ComjM'titiou. A Munich newspaper lias started tho novel scheme of a jo.:e competition. It oifera ( \arions money prize; for original jolie-, promising to publish tliosj who take a pi i .e, and leerving the right to publish any cthere that may bo tent in. Ihe idea u exciting considerable interest ? L'hi .ayu > Herald. l THE CIIEWERS OF GUM. A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE. Gum-Chewing at tlio Holler Skating Kinks?L'se of Gum as an Aid to l)i gestion?Young Girls Just Out of School ?Practice of lOinployos. ' V?~e are tho largest manufacturers of the article in this country, but I should ju ;ge that th?ro aro not Lss than twenty other largo tinns in the business besides a large nuinbor of smaller manu.acturers s utter jd throughout the country, who supply the j local trade in their respe tivo localities. The smaller manufacturers make the cheaper kind of chewing gum lroai parutHno and sugar or glucose. Thi mixture is harmless and but very 'ittlo ii any deleterious stud' is used, as j arailine is very cheap and therelore tuoro is but ve y little temptation to introduce adulteration into its manufacture. We lirst started in tlio business in lo;?6 but chewing gum had b ea manufactured lor many years before that time. / iicrht. tlirt VMP llllt. UUI "n?' *? J ? I I grew rapidly and v.*o added new brands of gum, tb'j chief ingredient being the gum obtained lrom a lruit treo in Mexico, the fruit of which is known its sapodilia. The fruit is about the si/.o and shape of an appl , with a brown .shell; it has a delicious liavo;* and is largely used by the nati os as an article of diet. The gu;n is gathered by the Indians and brought to market on pack inulcs, each niulo tarrying about twelve arrobas or nearly 1:00 pounds. The gum, which is known as chicle, was introduced into this country by us in lSiiS, it being up to that time totally uukuowu outside of Mexico, the compilers ox encyclopedias not even making mention of it Jri.iceits introduction it bus grown in favor and is now u:?ed for chewing purposes throughout the eivili.-.ed world, being a staple article of export anl bringing to Mexico a largo annual revenue* As the gum became known business increased and has been continual/ increasing ever since. GCM-CHEWIXfi AT THE SKAICIXO P.JN'IC. ""Whea the roller skating craze broke out a few years ago the demand for chewing gum increased wonderfully. Ise.trly every 0:10 who attended the rinks became addicted to the habit of chewing g\un, which can be explained upon nuturai reasons. Every one who has attended a roller seating rink (l.nt- + )>,>..? it.. IMftW, /-.I* lilka rllicl-. ffli.O I during tho skating hours, which is inhaled L;y the skaters, and results in a dry, parched feeling in the t.iroat an I mouth. It was only natural then that chewing gum was re sorted to, in order to create a How of saliva, which cleared the mouth and throat from tiie disagreeable dryness. Of late years, however, many physicians hive recommended us use as a h.lp to digestion, as it is a well known fa?t that nearly all eases of indigestion can be traced to a lack of tho i.ow of saliva, which is absolutely ne.essary to properly digest foud, cs serially thai kind of ;ood containing star, h, saeh as Hour, potatoes and iariiiateous suustauees. Chewing gum c.\iites a i.ow of tiie necessary sali.a, and many eases haw been reported where people have been entirely cured of indigestion by it? us.'. ' I presume the public would bo intare-ted by a description of the manufacture of tha chewing guin. Th gum is shipped to us in boxes or barrels from >iexieo. The Jirst thing we do is to relino tho gutn in order to remove any foreign substance. After th? relining process the gum, which then is about the consistency of putty, "is mi\od wit. sugar and put away on tiryors, after beiu, run through largo rollers, which llattens it out to the necessary iiicKiiess. It remains 011 the dryers lor two days and is then run through a cutting machine, which cuts tb3 gum into tho size required, it is then put into boxes and properly marked, and is ready for shipment. ThJ gum sticks are usually divided Into five equal parts, so that a chew c an be obtained for 1 cent, or a wholo stick tor o cents. YOUNG GJHLS JUST OUT OK SCHOOL. Tha reporter too'.c up a favorable position one afternoon ou tho corner of Joraleiuon street just as the young girls were released from their studits and counted t hose who appLared to Le chewing gum. Out of loll young girls who pussed eighty, or over onehalf, were chewing something, presumably yum. The chewers wore of all kinds; some chewed as if they thoroughly en,joyed it, making their jaus work in a manner so energetic as to ^ivo the observer a disagreoab.e thought of how those jaws could and would probably work when the young miss had attained to the dignity of a mother-inlaw. (Jthers chewed mechanically, as if it was a matter of duty w.iich must bo porlormcd. Uthers alternated chewing with conversation, but none of the chewers was seen to expectorate. '' Meeting a young laJy friend who is at tending Packer institute, the reporter in-1 quired Low gen.rally the practice was indulged in liy the school girls of her acquaintance. ''Why nearly every one of us chew gum," slie said, showing the reporter a number of pieces (K gum in her hand Lag. "Of j coursj it's against the rulos, but that don't < lnake any dilioienee. When we see any of j the teachers watching us we slip the gum i out of our mouths and slick it under our ' seats or desiis. fcjomo of tho girls are real ; mean, for tuejr sU-al thj gum of tho other j girls when they are not looking, and olher.i j are continually borrowing gum, just like i tho men borrow tobacco from each other." j Uno of tho iicor walkers in one of tho lajge j dry goods houses on Fulton street said thut gum shewing was largely indulged in by I the girls employed, but as tuey do not as a j rule expectorate the practice was not ou- i jecied to i y tho lirm. The girls employed j in the tobacco factories are ail gum cliewcrs, ns it h.-lps them to free the mouth j from the tobacco dust which iills tho rooms. ?Urooiilyn Eagle. "Tile Nick of Time" Mine. Pome of the best mines known have been discovered, as before remarked, merely by j aeddout, while others again are the result of years of toil and labor. Then others ' again have be^-n run across when the lucky individual whom fortuue favo.ed was thinic ing of ?!i3'thing but falling into a goid mine. John Quincy Adams, a namesake of | tho gre it J. y., fctru. k a ricb mine some-| where down in i-.ow Mexico in this way: "While prospecting bo fotm I h:s haversack! on lire, his prospector's glass having fo cus-jd the sun's rays upon it. As tk;j haversack containo I about a dozen pounds of powder hu dropped it and got of the way in a luirry. It fell into a crevice and a iarge mass of rock was thrown u;>. Adams returned mournfully to gather up what might 1.0 left of his e:!?.;cts, and found an exceedingly rich vein of ore which the oxplosicn had exposed to view. He sold a third interest i:i his lind for ?1(5,u JO, and very con sistenty named thj mine "TLo iNiuk of Time." California's Onion and Supply. Notwithstanding her great agricultural reso'iivcs, (.'a1 if or uia imports onions and ?g^s from oast of the Ilocky mountains. In dcod, tto Australians ship onions to San J<Vaa?;L>co and lind a ready market for them. _ J TWO PICTURES OF FARM LIFE. ~ Trie Imaginary and tlio lieal?Froo From Care?Scarcely a Living. The wise men who edit newspapers and j write theses oil social anil political ocon- ; omy a-.lvis& young men in cities to hie them j to the country and prow u;> with it. Early j and 1-itu th ;y wrestle with im iginary angels j for Musing upon their e.Torti in the good wo: k of depopulating the overcrowded city, and building up tho waste places whore the owl hooteth and tue "gallinippjr" draws sustenance from animate I nature. The fact that agriculture is the basis of all solid prosperity is w ide a vehicle for ttio ptopo- ! sition that it is therefore the m ist desirablj > of callings. Tha farmer is pictured ds a sturdy, indo- | pendent fellow, living on milk and honey, ; or its equivalent, and b arin^ with case tho ! weight of the whole economic system. His wile is a portly, pleasing dame, who glides j peacefully through the daily round of pies j and dairy truck and raises up childreu to call her blessed. His daughter is a rosy- | cheekod damsel, who blushes naturally on ! siiglit provocation and can jump a tenvjiiI fen.-tt lml-. \'r> '2 shnn-i and has a ! rain I thoroughly attune I lo nature in its I loveliest moo ts. The farmer l.oy is free J from care, lie rises wii.li tlie dawn, foods J the philosophic mule and goev forth to, healthful labor. At noon ha comes in, eats | tho good things spread before him and goes ; lorth a^aiu to tickle tho soil that will toon j lnu^h with a harvest. At night ho reads ' goud books by a pine Imvt lire and scores i his mind with u-.eful knowledge. lie is a j daisy and warranted fast color. That is tho imaginary picture?this the j real: The farmer in this part of tho country j at least, is not independent. Far from it j I If bo makes a big corn crop, so does ovoryI boJy else around him, and ho finds no sale for his surplus Does he try to raise hogsCholera francos along two years in iivo and takes them o.i. Tho range for cattlo is getting scarcer every year, and each steer co^ts _]ust as much extra fencing to keep him out of the hells. Cotton is tho only crop a small farm or can raise, sugar requiring capital; and tho price of cotton has boon steadily falling for ton years, until it has rea.hoJ tho actual cost of production. There is 110 profit to bo made; scarcely a good living. In fact, there is no such tiling o .? rrrn-wl litrl?np in /-nMnlru1 r\r? un 1i ft !a rkP it that it doesn't count ia the totaL I don't attempt to explain this, but simply mention thj undeniable truth, liven milk and butter an t c*g_;s are easier got in tj\vn than in the country, and good bread is a lost art with rural housewives. Tho Texas ranch, wherj there are thousands otf c attle and not a drop oi milk to bo bad is noli more if a pu.izle to the City man than t.;e average i.ouisian.i farm or plantation. There is little I'ruiS, and tnat n.)t tho Lost. Tho staple artic.e 01 diet is Milt meat oc some kind, torn bread or biscuit, the right bower of dyspepsia, and co.'l'uo, a nutriment admirably adopted to the region of Hudson bay.?Cur. Iv'e.v Orleans Times-Democrat. Brooklyn's Hansoms smd Cal> Horses. Up to a few years ago such a thing as a bau.-om was unknown in ISicodyn, and it was generally considered among tho fra ta'nity that ic would t?y notning snort or i tinancial suicide to attempt to run one. Tiio I surprise of tho veterans can very woll bo j imagined, then, wnen a .short timo ago tLey ; ?aw one ot tbeso taboui d vehicles driven up 10 the stand and rangei inline. Tbo driver was expostulated with and warned of the abyss ot bankruptcy into which ho was j about to pluugo. but iio said ho didn't care, j ho had couie to stay. After a while rinding hinisOif a lit tie lonely among tbo "old lauiilies," tho coupes, ho moved over to the other side of tbo struct, and there he and his hansom may bo soju any iiay, whoa not wuiriing a fare through the city, Ui' the horses iu may bo said that they aro no better than they should be. fconio of them are sound and aro kept in good condition, but tbo ma. or.ty of them belong to that class, spokou of in "I'kkwicic," whica ro .Miiro -iitarincr un verv ti-rht and reinin: in very short'' to J;ee;> thorn from excoriating their knees. To any one who is in the lialit ot passing them daily, tiiey always seem to have a half mournful, halt rep. oach;ul look 011 their fid. lie-shaped faces. They cer.ainiy have a hard timo of it, ev: n when doing nothing, and if there is a paradise i ior animals, cab h.jrsus should Lie ent.tled to I a place in that part of it where the grass grows greenest and thickest.? iiroo.ciyn i.aglo. Starling a Club in Gotham. It is easy enough to start a club in New if you can enlist tho right kind of men in the enterprise. There are a half a dozen cheerful and agreeable young roun;lers here who seera to have 110 other ambition in lite than to establish a connection with a fresh ciuo evoi-y iifteen minutes. They go about prime 1 with euthusiam and loaded with application blanks to see whom they may suee,'d in snaring into th i club which enjoys ! ti.eir latest a'lociion, and if t'uoy ura very i mu :ii in earnest the club springs into lhe with e::traoidi:'.ary rapidity. A Wv?jk or ten days tluy turned their attention to a country ciuo 011 btaten islan 1 where bro.cers and business men could run down and s;.en.l an hour or v.vo batiiing or lounging warm summer nights. To-day there are 1U?# invjfjj r*j u. ui ^:uuuu un aw. \_o AI_I | exton'u has been purchase I, au inmuuse | building l-egun, thirty tennis courts laid out, and a lali ground a:ui a grand stand ! are rapidly as.su ring perfected proportions. : All this is duo to the en.-rgy ol three young ' club men. They ha. een.istjd men of every ago in the enterprise by sluer force of p_*rsonal magnetism and indomitable work, iubs oi tiiis sore spring up every day, and lub life in .New York is assuming as extensive proportions as in London. There is an eadless \ ariety, and every man, from a trro- I cer's clerk no?v to a millionaire, now has his j club.? .New York Letter. Prevention <>i* Adulterated Teas. Consul General "Warren Given, of Yolco ! hama, oap.ui, has sent to tin scato depart- i mentthe r. solutions adop:ed by tbo Ceil- ; tral To t association of thy Japaue-o empire, ) iookin; to tuo prevention of adulterated teas bein^ s^-nt out of the country. These resolutions ; rovidoi for Luc.* establishment of central depots at Yokohama, Koke and Nairaki, where all teas sent in l'rom tbo prodiu-in;_' districts will be carefully inspected. Tbu.se inspectors will also impiiro carefully , into the methods pursued by tbo brokers in ! conducting their business, 'ihj brokers Will l>.' he.d responsible tor tbo discovery of ; adulterated teas, and when such tjas are discove.od they will ba sei. ed and turned over t<> oue aumoruies. A committee will i.e dispatched lo C hina to study and report upon the tea \ ro luetion of that countiy.? I\ew Ur.eaas Timoa-i.einoerat. ' ('hauilnirr.itiitls" in ~Ioj:ic;ia Hotels. ' Chambermaids'' in Mcxisan hole's n.re male Indians, termed nmonx. They are deft and c.ui'-k and will hirs themselves to a stranger in the capita: for t"! per week, giving their employe.- undivided and very welcomo servii e.?inter Ocean. I'rinirose iVom llm liiui:ilay:is. Primrose seeds from a height of 11,(;00 to ir>,<t>;' feet in the Himalayas have been received at ? aleutta, an l some aro to bo 1 planted in England. j . ? ... . LIFE WITHIN LIFE. HOSTILE ARMIES OF MICROSCOPIC ORGANISMS WITHIN MEN'S BODIES, j M. Pasteur's and Kival Theories--AVhat Vaccination Can Teach L's?Id Medi- ' cine an Exact Science??How Disease Is To Bo Conquered. All nro ngrocd now that disease is, in 1 great part, at least du3 to th presence in the loiy or what are known as lnieiobei These n.icrobi's are minute miaroscopij ani mal organism, which g.;t into the boay either from the atmosphere or by other ra..*ans and produce the diseased state. The point upon which medical mjn diiter is the exact manner in which they act on the ceils of the human bo.ly. Mr. Pasteur, with whom is associated r. Tymlall, the cebbrat.'d i.ngJish naturalist, is convinced that their injurious eilcct is duo to their destruction of a certain portion of cell niaLter which thoy call the pabulum. Now the theory u; on which they, therefore, !, propose to give immunity from disease is j, to introduce into the body another jut sim- < ilar microbe, which will destroy just the sumo pabulum, but without thj injurious eU'ects on tho system which a.e produced by the disease-germ. Tho principal fact upon which this theory proceeds is that in the infusion principle of hay and cheese, which are known as cul- j ; turo fluids, it has been observed that after a | conain time, and when the animalcule have | increased to a certain number, they ceaso to increase and be^in giadually to die out for want of nourishment; hence it is concluded that by introducing into the human body a germ, as in tho casj of vaccination, which is comparatively harm .ess, the pabulum may lie o.iuausted and tho system rendered impervious to tho uttack ot the disease germ. Til K< IKIES OF KLEES AST) KLINE. On the other hand, tho German physicians, lvL'bs and Kline, proceeding upon tho same facts, allirin that immunity from dis ease is obtained by means of ttio excrement loit by the animalcule in the human frame. They proceed on tho well-known lact that no species or similar species can li\e in its own excrement, and allirm that the immunity l'rom disease enjoyed by thoso who | havo onco suffered from a particular i trouble, or who havo been inoculated with i tho cerms of a similar nature to that which ; produces tho trouble, is duo to this oxcre- i ment. Both there schools draw largely from tho . facts observed in tho cases of small-pox, | and tho immunity from its eilects, which is | obtained by tho introduction into the system of tho vacciuo viru<, a microbe of very similar naturo t j that of the small-pox germ itself. The next school, likewise depending to a considerable extent on the same ooserva- ! tions, is that which is known as tho vital I theory. According to this account tha ; microbes produce disease by depriving tho ; colls of tho human body of tho oxygen ! which is necessary to tho healthy perform- I anco of th.ir functions, and it. is maintained by thoso w;io up'noid tli.s theory thai by i supplying tho body artiiiciahy with an ex- j re.">S> Ul U.VJ tiiuiu uuu uu LUCU^U ou^^iivu for Loth. To all tueso threo theories, however, it is j objected that thoy ought to ho ablo to Le re. o^ni/io I uy tiio microscopic analysis j which make, up s-o large a part oi the j.hysi- ! ology oi the present day. it is ai'nrmod by 1 ih ir opponent> that whether it bo the tie- ! struction oi' the pabulum, the leaving of ihe excrement or tho deprivation of oxygen, any | of tlie.-e ought to be visible e?focts untior ihe | microscope. This criticism, while damag- | ing, is not, however, believed to be conclusive, hince tlie microscopic analysis is ! scai cely in a suilicioutly advanced state to j give so preeisj a result at present, bub doubtless every day it is becom.ng more so. ! THE SKliViVAL UI-' TIIE FITTEST. Lastly, there is an ingenious theory, ! which is muimnine I by some ri.ing physi- ; cians, that tho whole phenomenon of ^.erm- : disease and its immunity is due to tho Dar- j ?2- 2? i ..?i ?a an-? .? ? ! WIIUUU ILLVV UL LllU Mil'>1VU1 UL ctiu in 'alio strug gle lor existence. According j to these, tuu tells of thj human boay are I theiiiscjlve^ separate animal organisms, with I an existence an i lite of their own. These i germs nelisi enter into a regular com- J but with uhe disease-genus, and when they come oil' victorous the Lody retains its strength: while when an J wnere they are defeated the bedy succumbs to d.s.'asv*. jN'ow it is well known that in ail things the prestige, if I may so call ic, ol victory ! leads to new victories; in other words, the j troops which h ive overcome the enemy to- ; uay ar? better lit to cope with hiin to-mor- j row than the new recruits. Ajiplying this to tbo present instance, the upuolders of , this theory remark that by supplying a comparatively weak adversary, such as the vaccine virus, the celi gonn gains an t asy victory, winch to strengthens its potters ' that it is able to combat su cessfuliy with new adversaries in the sha^e of disease j aerms afterward. 'ibis theory accounts for all that is ao- j counted tor by any or the others, anil aido j for the fact which has been constantly o.?- ' served, namely, that immunity from disease is iu direct proportion to the severity of j tun btru; glo, so that those who have once j had a severe attack of any complaint aro ! free froui its approach for a longer period than these who have been aiiected with some milder adversary, for it is evident | that thu more severe the atlac.c against . which the cell germs havo been able to con- ! ten l tho greater tlie strength and powers which they will have developed. ?lJaris Cor. Cincinnati ihi'piirer. Curimr the? IIuI>it oT Moutli-llrcnthiug. ! "When we think of troaUnent it is first im- ' portant that wo undei.Manii mouth-uvath- i ing as a habit. An inherited form of teeth or lips amy cause a tendency toward its acquirement, yet that it is a habit is evidenced by many cases in which it has been overcome merely ly persistent cil'ort. With in- i ' fants it-i earliest evidences should bo checked, as i:i the e.\ample of the Indian mother, j The formation of the ha. it is ihtis avoided, and tiie child saved from a long train of in- [ jurious eii'ects in the future, 'i here is no danger of smothering, as the child will wako i if tho nose is obstructs!. Motuers and i nurses should see that these littie noses are : kept free, and they ?an save their charges ( j ' ?' o.-.,f tlw.v 11IM ii'UUl Llil3 UCi.lwMVU A*. V.-.V.J w%. w only watchful. | 1 With mature mouth-breathers much of tho treatment rests with themselves. They | J must lirst have a physician or surgeon to j ' remove any causes that int.'riere with the ' free passage of air throng.i the nose. These 1 may <xist in tho form oi "catarrh,polypi, 1 distorted septum, etc., all of which are ; ' curable. Alter this has l<een done th ; ; ' (.lianccs arw- for a complete recovery, be- j cause less perseverance will bj iv.n.'ivd. ' Many will say that they can not keep their | mouths closed while asleep. This is tiue. but | if they persist and breathe only through tho i nose during the tnne they are awake, they j ? :11 1 tlmin tunuthu \i i l l ord-.in ' Will 111IU l/n?*u ..... - | closed when thoy sleep, li must bo remen- j buT^i that no habit can Lo cured in u >hort ^ il.xo. 'i he in > t constant watcltfuinoss will , Lo repaired for months, and perhaps for ; years, but it will ultimately bo rew^itjud by j ( a euro.?Hall's Journal of llsalth. _ 1 THE PEACEFUL LIFE. rhr> woi4 ting lifo is tin life of peace, The words or' the wise are golden; Ami down the line oi tare; hundred years I Comes the truth 0? thesa words, grown and olden. Not tho days that are pas:ed sunid songs and Dowers In dreamy, inactive leisure. Cut tho days that are strong with tho stress o:' toil Are thosj of tho truest pleasure. rho eyes that loolc straight toward God and heaven, Nor turn from tho pa'h of duty, A.ro the eyes that see, in tli.s changoful 1 worl i, | The sights of the truest lieauty. ?bailor's iiagazina CONTRASTS SEEN AT A CIRCUS. A l'liico "Where Crowds Come Together oil ;t Strictly Cash liasis* Tho circus is in town. Assemblages of 5,00J to 7,0UJ parsons aro the rule, anil no other show calls together so various and contrasting multitudes. One evening I saw six Astors, three Vanderbilts and a hundred more members of the mil.ionairo sot mixed with tho lowest and wicicede.sc persons to bo imagined. The separation of circus crowds in the Madison Square garden is 011 a cash basis, without preference to morals or intellect. treats at one side of tho gr. at building ure '2."i to oU cents apiece, while at tho other they are to thj highest price being for places in open boxes, of which there are 1:00. These partitioned spaces hold four persons each, and parties often take enough adjacent ones to accommodate a considerable company. It was a curious spectacle that presented live boxes full of Astors and their intimates an l then two containing a coterie of professional vice, but such is tho incongruous elbowing ti.at characteri es a big city. Almost as close to tho Van* cicrbilts were two couples of well-dressed, politely behaving persons, who were des-.Tilji'd to mo by, a detective as the koepers of an establishment for the entrapping und black-mailing of rich men. Still sharper was tho contrast, because in this instance the aspects were totally dilTcrGiit, between one of our stateliest divines, and Billy McGIorv, who looks like the desK1.% ,1 r? nn l'na'AOV thrtfc ll.) IQ Thft pillLUlU uain.u-iiaii uv.v>/wi. wuMw *-w <u? two mon chanced to sit side by side. At what other entcrlaimnoiit than a circus could that have happened.' But thero wasn't anything in the whole show th.it struck me more forcibly than tho introduction of a littlo Astor girl to Zitta, a juvenile acrobat. It occurred in thj anti-room where the performers wore waiting tlieir calls to duty, and into which a privileged number of visitors had been admitted. The youngster of the circus had evidently heard of tho Astors, as she regarded the milliondioiress as something more than mortal; but her aluiation was notuing compared to tho wide-eyed adraiiatiou shown by the otber, in whoso chi dish estimation thj spangles of the costume were bits oi; heavenly oilul.enee, and its wearer a bi-ing of super-earthly quality. I should like to havo seen anybody convince thac Miss Astor. then and there, that it \>as a prouuor position to l.o a Murray Hill lady than a circus tumbler.?-Now York Cor. Philadelphia i'ro.s. Deceptive Appearance of 3Ir. Gladstone. Mr. Gladstone customarily sits in the center of the ministerial front speaking after iho other ministers ^vho aro ail hound to bo at hand at 4.oi) p. m. to answer questions) have arrived, and when ha dues come on the sciPO of his many triumphs and numberless con.licts, it is no exaggeration to say that he concentrates on himself the eyoiof tha whole assembly, both on tho floor and in the galleries. The old man looks at times as if bo had not many months to live. >>ay, sometimes ha looiis as if ho were actually dead. "When he lays his head on tho bac.-: o: ilu seat and eludes his eyes as ho not seldom does, the color of his face is tliat of a corpse, and his eyelids seem fixed forever. Put his appearance at such a moment is extremely deceptive. At j such a time there is not another man in the hou.se, oid or young, wlio is so absolutely waideawako as this oid gentlemeu of soventv-sjven years of aq;e. Let but tho speaker to whom ha se^ms to pay no attention, but whoso every word ha in reality takes in, make a single statement which interests him, or talis for audible or visible assent or contradiction, and ih-3 apparently dead person wakes up with a bound, leans foward and puts his hand to his ear, or nods or shakes his he::d, or starts to his le.'t with a correction, or a retort which I overwhelms and crushes his assailant.? Cor. Boston IIe? ald. Not Kqtial ti> the Emergency. An advertisement of: "A party wanted to travel with a theatrical < omj.any as treasurer' ! rought about a meeting between a i lJetroiter and a theatrical man at a hotei the other da}'. "j)id you ever act in such capacity.'" was asked i "No, but I feel e-jiial to the emergency." "Oh, you do.' How will you ^,0 to work | to get us out on tho road lor our first ; stand:" I i ' U'hy! Haven't you got any money?'' Is ".Not ft dollar. X\o may striko luck the ' , first night, and we may do a ] 001* business j < for a we.;!*. Can you arrange to keep us i < along until we bit pay dirt." "I dou t see how. ' "And are you u tnl'.er.' Can you got us , out of a bot.l wh'.'io v/j are owing j ; and n ;t ing to n iy it with: Can you give i owne.s of balls i:ie *j;-a:i i stim-.i-o can . you iix it wiln luvut ager.!:} lo j a-ssusas lisad-hea Is.' W'h.-n sa.ary < ay rouies aroutid ; < can yo:i smoot i it. over witii thy kickers:' j : "1?1 don't belie.-: I < o.il i." | i ".Nor i, eituer. Vo ing man ;;o hence! Ho ( out ati I strik.* a job sawing wood, shoveling ( dirt or ditch-digging. "iou'il hive lesson i your mind and more in your jio.kefc. ?JJe-! 1 roit i iej 1 l'v'j.j. t YVhah'-Fi-iluii'; <m ih? <'o-Op<*r.itiv? Pi.-m. i t Tho whale fidi.ty i--, for tho most part,, l carried on ia this country oa the co-opera- c tivo p:an. It is e drivel)' so on tho' > Pacifie co.i-.t. Capitalists iyraLh tho t-hip ? and tlu cullifc. U>.e snare of the prorit goes t b-j tlu ship and another to tho men. In i iroovi sjasun. or when the voyages havo b-'en c "lUf ky," tuo man make much more per capita than they could from mere \va_ej. ; It is not. worthy that in one o.' the most Lia aiMous aud uucvrtain of all industrious t pursuits, one mdu-try is prosecuted wf.oliy 1 on th.? eo-operativo phn, while in tiiose in* t iustries whore tlicre is very Lttie ris.<, co- f ? ? - j^erat uu, u> > v-u, w.uj ttun 4****4 w- *, ceplUmai feature of t;i.' industry of the > country.?i'hila leiphia Lulloom. i 1 ? - i A Cure for ilhcmnut :c (lout. ] An Englishman who in.ulaiel his bod- 1 stead by placing underneach each pose a! broken oil' Lotcoiu oi a glattf bottie, says that he had not Lcvn free from rheumatic ;out for fifteen years, and t >:it ho b.'-a:i to ^ improve immediately a t >r tho application r of tlio insulators. A !o ;il pap r ?.u < the item wisely adds: "There's many a l'el- ? low who could cure by gout, if ho would ^ break oil' the bottom o:' his ;;bss Lo tics i'J j j1 time.1'?Hall's Journal oi; Health. [ i' f . . TRAINING HORSES.SUCCESS WITH A HERD OF WlLrf , 3 BRONCHOS FROM THE WEST. Wild, Viclons, Kicking and Balky Steed* J of the Plains?The Beginning .of Thei* | Instruction?Teaching the Tricks of the Sawdust King. v3B An oldish man in bltfe blouse and overall#, .>?jS working long houi a day by day, with in-;. (inite patience and a long bay whip over ai , score of "calico' bronchos?coaxing, cajoling, > ... Jgl ordering his four-looted charges to dance, . march, cavort, and do ail manner of un- < horsely capers?that is old Dan Castello on a ; ' ,v|g| day oi unuress rehearsaL Rehabilitate. fbei . oldish man in top boots and the splendid , jjaH! vest of a ring master; pat a silver-rto'tmtfed.1 whip in his hand and wax his mustache out, to supernatural length, and old Dan, thd veteran horse trainer, becomes "Professor D; vj| Castello." lii3ht months ago tho quadrupeds wero fierv. untamed bronchos, roaminz with > $ ;!,UjU of their kind 011 the plains of Oregon? strangers t:> bit or Lridle, impatient of > 7j human approach, obeying nothing but their , own wild wills. Cowboys or Indians who ^ JgaBI wanted tham for use cast lariats into the , herd and conquered them by the wild . methods of tho prairie. They bore, as all ? jjn bronchos boar, unenviable reputations; were known as wild, vicious, kicking, balky or . > worse, and, as a rule, were credited with no virturo beyond their great enduranco and speed. Eight months have donewondeis for . the untutored bronchos. In November last# thoy were taken to a capacious stable in sir % suburb of the city, and there, during all th^,, ' Jj months of winter and spring, they have been'. tho constant objects of Dan Castello'9 ; ,:V-| patient care. . "No cne has any idea," said that veteran the other day, "how wild a horse jeally ia I had to lock them up, one by one, in a , - ||| strong, high stall, out of whicb they couldn't , J'yja break if tuey tried. It would have been a$ , much as my life was worth to go into , tho stall, so I would approach them frp.nr the side whore they couldn't get at ma ._ ' Wm, At tho very touch of my hand-upon their t ^-?*1 backs thoy were lraniio; they howled as I $ never knuw a horse could howl, so that you , lj?i could have heard them a block away. They . j'M 1 i o?.l olm/uf 1 cku uu cinu jji ttuou ami suu^ icu, uuu auuvou y broko their necks trying to bite my hand. I 'rjS kept on rubbing and caressing tliem till, I s'poso, they saw I wouldn't hurt 'era, and ; subniitted with tolerable grace to bo han- . died. That waa one point gained Then I }jj named each one of thum and taught him to ; know his name. That was another point By slow degrees I came to take them out of the stall and to teach them to mind met. TEACHING THEM THE TRICKS. "How did I teach'em tricks? Well now,'... you might just as well ask me how to teach" a boy his letters. These horses resemble' . nothing else more in the world so much as a- . parcel of mischievous youug boys; this one? _ is more mischievous than the rest; this one,- . brighter and quicker to learn, and that, more docile and dignified. I don't know how I teach 'em. They teach me; that is, I . have to learn their characteristics from taemselves. Now, look at that fellow up ' "A. onA oKnl- Vila han/4 Jwt vLLCX U ) OCO iaiua uu uuuu uuuva the white's belly and bite that little calico mare. There! I told you;* . tho mare thinks it was the white that bit her and she's getting back at him, while' . * the guilty horse looks as demure as a school-' girl. If those other horses looking on there aren't laughing, I'm a tenderfcot. You seo , ' ;&ji that tall white horse there.' Well, he's reg- . ularly gone on the horse 'longside of hin> , and never speaks to tne rest, I've trained* a good many horses (old Dan never sp$ke a- , truer word in his life, and I b'lieve thesj' . fellows are all the better for having been. ,, wild. Tney haven't stupid habits to unlearn, you seo, and they're shwper than common stock." , t' Mr. Coup says he picked out calico horses becausi tho people would have them. "Iliad ? a loc of bays and browns and blacks lasC season," s.?id he, "a .d they were mighty clever too, but the people just turned up their noses; they could see bay horses anywhere. There's a sort of tradition, I suppose, that show horses must be calico. I never knew more'n a dozeu people outside of a show who would touch 'em. There'* ? Vaiw VauI? tlirtinrli a nnffi/1 " L-J&m UUU 1U ail iU J.v.in,, physician?and neither he nor his daughter' will have any other kind. What did I getbronchos for? A Veil, I have a theory thatthese Mexican horses are all the progeny of some Arabian stock that Cortez broughtover with him and didn't have time to tako' back. I kuow they are brighter than ordinary; but I never thought Dan would have as good luck with 'em as he has."?Chicago ileraid. The lliglit Kind of Charity. By mero almsgiving, doling out this or that supply whaie no industry has earnetf it, wheru 110 sicnness or other exception ex- * cuses ir, you break down character and create pauperism. This is what a lazy man Joes when a girl with cold hauds and bare feet conies intj his o:hce crying in the win ter, and the ia/.y man gives nor nan a dollar -in charity. ' Ho does it because he' does not choose to go to her house, nor to spare the time to really help her or her mother. And yet bo wants to solace his own conscience. Jn ninety-nine cases out or a hundred ho does more harm by his dole , ' than he relieves. but he must not pretendthat it is charity that has wo; ked this in jury; it is only his laziness that hats worked' ic. Ho does that girl no good because he' sets 110 agency at work to mako her better.It' ho wants tone charitable, he must see thatwhile to-day's hunger is fed, and today's" sold is warmed, she whom ho would help is set on the way to Jit't herself out of the destitution in which hi linas her. If she is iruuken she must bo saved from thj evils jf drink: if .-lu is igno. ant of any art she r.ust uj taught to sweep, to wash, to knit or .0 sow. If her house is dirty she must be ;aughc to keep it cleaa If the children's neals arj badly cooked shi must be taught ;o cooiC them better. You are a false nend to lier if, tlirougii tne winter youmly l.eep her along oil the ground level vhere you found her, just above starvation, tnd cio not lift her to a higher yrade, bolter iblo to rise ubovo tlie tide which will sweep ip again as certainly as next winter wilA . ome.?Lend a Hand. "When the Boys Had a Hard Time. Fifty years ago tha boys had a very hard imo o: it. There were no lur/iaceo in tho louse and few stoves, btd-i 001113 as cold and older than barns nowadays; warming-pans or led at night in constant use, as the bediothes we e iikj two calces of ice. Washing Ta> dor.o by iirst i reaking through tho it? ound in tho pitchers over night All cookng was done by wood lires, and the wood 1a I to bo cut by the boys.?Chicago -i.KJk illU. Why He I)itl Not Hurry. A VTaterbury gentleman was surprised vbilo out for a drive on the Wolcotfc road cceutly by the conduct of a boy whom ha sked to rido. The boy rcfusod obstinately, rid when prevailed upon for a reason said to expected. a whipping when h* #jot homa md was in no hurry.?"VYaseiibury ^zaoiv .sa __