University of South Carolina Libraries
V 1^?V ?<? ??mr mm'zi??M?? I'ae Press and Banner,! Dj Hn?h TYiiies a^a H. T, TV&ruifiTr- J Wednesday, June 8, 1881. Jiullcinl Statistics tvhii'h arc Likelj to Deceive. The following nrticie T.*ns pent to u ifist week but toe lr.te for publication We prcsrtirce it has lo3t nothing in tb keeping. We agree with our Carres jpondent in saving that there is mucl to be taken into consideration beside the bare "fignrta given in the tabU ^frpor instance, the report fails to sho\ ^^liow many cases each of the Judge tried, and whose rulings were not ap Ipealed from. The highest standard of merit in i .judge is evidenced by the fewest nuni ber of appeal-. The Judge who make his decision so clear that the attorney -- ? r., .4 iK? Oil (join SlUeS arc saiwiivu mv Judge. This *ab!e would show tlia; Judge Kershaw is the clearest headei Judge on the bench?and not Judgt Fraseror Judge Wallace as some mighi erroneously hold. Each of these latter Judges failed to make their decisions sulIJci?ntly clear in twelve cases "while Judge Kershaw rendered his decisions in such a manner that (here 'were-only five appeals from his court. The next best record is that af Judge Thomson's, and Judge Muckey's? from whoso decisions there were only six appeals in each. Judge Thomson stands second among the Judges while Judge Muekey takes the third posi-| tion. Judge Pres.* ley stands fourth, Judge Hudson, filth ; Judge A Id rich, sixth; Judge Frascr, seventh; Judge! \ValIace, eighth. Comparisons are al- J ways odious, but since -comparisons havehecu made, wc think the public shouhfnot be misled, but that each of the Judges should take his proper place. Judge Muckey so fur from holding the lowest place on the list, stands third, ami since the death of Judge Thomson l.estands second only to Judge Kershaw who heads the list. If these figures give honor tj some Judges over others, it also correspondingly reflects upon tne ability of somej ?. lawyers while giving credit to others. J The following is the article : The Spartanburg correspondent of; the Newj and Cauricr communicated j to our contemporary the following tabular statement of the number of circuit decisions a Mir mod and reversed j by the Supreme 'Join t as embraced in Volume, 13, South Carolina .Reports, recently issued Aldrich (?allirmed, 4 reversed. Fraser 10 aflirmed, 2 reversed. Hudson 5 atilrmed, 4 reversed. Kershaw 2 atilrmed, 3 reversed. - Mackcy 1 aflirmed, 5 reversed. Pressley 7 aflirmed, 1 reversed. Thomson 3 aflirmed, 3 reversed. "Wallace 8 affirmed, 4 reversed. The foregoing table is very interesting to the public as information, but it is a great mistake to suppose that it ! furnishes n criterion by which tliej merits of the respective judges can be tested. As statistics of judicial ability it is altogether fallacious and tnisleadyng. A moment's reflection will ?atisy even the non-professional public hat the above figures furnish absout'-'ly no test. Take,^ Tor example, the. nnealsfrom Judge Fraser's autJ from | Judge Kershaw's. There are iz up-; peals in the former case,?10 affirmed, u reversed. There are in the latter r, case 5 appeals,?2 affirmed, 3 reversed. Does that mean that Judge Flaser is iikely to be right in his decisions ten ! times out of every twelve? Or that I Judge Kershaw is lively to be wrong j three times out of every live ? To put. !*'" the question is to show its absurdity.! ... If the figures mean anything th?p-,: / mean that tlie lawyers we]y"very much mistaken in appealing so often from Judge Fraser'g-Ciecisions; audi that of the small dumber of appeals' from Judge Kersfcjiw's decisions near> I ? ?/ - 4 i J jy naiisiioujtf- not nave umcu. i oal being a standard by which | the judges can bo weighed or mens-1 . ured, these figures show rather the; over-fondness of the legal profession j to take up appeals to the Supreme j Court. Of the 73 appeals reported in : the 13th volume, live-eighths were dis-j missed and only three-eighths sus-^ tained, that is to say that five out of \ every eight eases which were taken up on appeal, it would have been Utter to i leave at home and abide by thedecis-j iou of the circuit judge. This would be better for the lawyers, better for j their clients, and much better for the Supreme Court, whose hands are tool full of work. Th<? ftrramood and Augusta Railroad. In another column we present an j <u tide from the Aug tint a Chronicle, and; ' . Sd&metf giving some interesting facts as tottie progress of the work on this; road, together with some hints as to aj probable change of management. The I propositions from the Clyde Company,! and from the Midland Company through Mr. Barbour, are important,! and ihe city authorities would do well *" to look carefully into the matter before; takingn decisive step, but they should ! not delay until they may 'ose both j chances. We are of course ut this dis-1 tance without many important facts j which would be necessary to enable | Us to form a correct judgment as to j which would be the best for Augusta,! f but the're can be no doubt that the' unanimous sentiment of this portion' of the country would be highly in fa'I Vor of accepting the Midland proposition to make this a through line to Spartanburg and thence to Danville, Ya. Augusta while looking to her wrn interests must not go back on her friends up this way, uuless of course, the Clyde Company should offer much greater inducements than be offered ...* by the Midland,and in that event we tvouid have rio right to complain if the Clyde's should be victors. It would be a sore disappointment to many peo t>le here if it should be determined not to taKe uie ttauroau uu iu oyunuLiuuig ami Danville* The facts in the article referred to go to show how fallacious arc all our expectations or calculations an to the progress which can be made at building a Railroad. If we are not mistaken the work of track-laying was commenced in January, and it was then predicted that the cars would be at the river by the middle of March or the first of April at the farthest. Bad weather retarded the work and then the fourth of May was appointed as the tiLie when the cars would run to the river. They are yet two miles from that point, but it is now hoped that the trains will run to the bridge by the first of July. The work has gone on steadily and surely. It is now said that in order to expedite its completion that work will be commenced at this end of the road. The cars will be cci tain to come to Green-wood, butour friendsshould not be too impatient. The officers now have plenty of money, and the work will be pushed with vigor and energy. The Atlantic and French Broad Valley Railroad. A uumber of gentlemen from Due AVest arrived in town Monday prospecting for the beet route for this road, and were joined by a number ot gentlemen from Abbeville. Mr. Kirk, the surveyor, was to be hero last night, and we suppose something definite as to location of the route and the depot j in Abbeville will be determined upon in a day or two. The Company have an offer from Greenville of as many' hands as they want to work at grading at sixty-five cents a day; the hauds to board themselves. ? - Solicitor. Tniwignny is over and Hon. James L. Orr, bas been made Solicator. Mr. Orr isa good lawyer, and is well quallified In: every way for the position. The appoint- j tUht will give satisfaction to tlic pulic. ' Female Education. Thi3 week we print the eminently ; nr.o^rica' s??owh of Finn. D. Wvatt ' Aiken which was delivered before the j Female Seminary at Anderson Inst Friday night. Female ed ucation prac tieally considered, has heretofore re- i reived too little attention from oui i people, and those of our citizens who 1 have daughters to educate will read I Mr. Aiken's speech with profit. Parents who are ambitious to giv? : heir daughters the greatest ad van- ; ages within their means, and win .re anxious to advance them to a high ;r level than they themselves havt > eached, are often very ignorant of tin ) >est way in which to spend theii " noney, nndeften there is on tlie pari ?. >f the teacher a reprehensible want o; .Yankncssin offering or giving advict 11 this important matter. While Fenale Colleges or institutions of learning should be prepared to answer any { lomaud for a knowledge of that whieh t >y courtesy, is called the "oruamen- t :al branches7' of an education, it j should not be the aim or desire of t chose in charge or a college to induce { v*ven when pupils, or parents from a t pupils to take these tri lies. And if mistaken notion of tlreir worth, dcsiie j t these valueless branches, they should | be informed as to the facts before in- U eurringthe expense. Money and time si spent to learn wax worn isjusisojj much thrown away?the art of niak-1 ini; clay pipes would be more useful. |!i Nine out of ten of the young IndiesIJ who take music, painting and drawing |' lessons make a:> exceedingly poor in- u vestment?the art -of drawing a good j! map of the country wnild he a thou-j| sand times better than drawing the j< picture of a cow?and so with the t dozen other trifles which are tempt- ? ingly held out to the student, but, r which are in fact not worth to her a!f cent either in society 01 in the dis-j<' charge of the practical duties of life. i< The solid and real education of young 1 f| ladies has been so far neglected in * many of our Colleges, that the pupils j t of Female Colleges, spend more of; J.' their time and money for "extras"j 'J than they do for that education which jc i* intended to do them good all the I r! days of their life. And this is doneijj too often with the advice and consent,' v of teachers who make themselves Iia-'t ble to the charge of looking more to their own pecuniary interest than to the welfare of the student. An imper-j n feet knowledge of all the trifles ,jj does not " accomplish " a young ladyjfnearly so much as does the ability to ? write a grammatical letter, in a pre- jn sentuble hand. In .all of our schools s more attention should be paid to theju teaching of the art of reading, which,'^ except that of oratory, is the greatestjt and most useful of all the arts. If the'fj teachers in Female Colleges would ? "accomplish " theirstudents, let them j >< teach them the graces of mind and j ii body, and at proper times, and under !? proper supervision bring them inlojv the company of the opposite sex. Let' j'i them be treated with more maidenly;J, respect and confidence, while giving > them an occasional relaxation and rcc-.u reation from the study of their books, i" It is not clear to us how a Principal J( of a Female School could carry intoef- e feet nil of Mr. Aiken's suggestions, a but we are perfectly certain that he is.v right in principle, and that the ai t of u ironing is of infinitely more importance to the yoyng wife than that of!? painting, snd that the art of cooking! so fit?' surpasses that of waxwork that jj there is no comparison. JJut ironing 11 und cooking should be learned at home n ?and wax work, and shell work, and {] painting, and other trilling nonenti-, ties should be let alono at school. Instrumeulal music is often consul- J,1 ered an essential to a young lady's ex- v istence, but when she possesses no spe- j cial talent for that art she could,J] more easily acquire a knowledge of! ^ any two of the languages than she t: could master the piano; and ordinari- i ly while devoting so much lime and,y laboring so assiduously to accomplish n the imix>ssible, she neglects her owuisi voice, which, with a little cultivation,'^ would make the sweetest and most charming music ever listened to by ? human ears. A few discordant notes on a poor piano should never take the jj place of the most soul-stirring of all: t; music?the human voice. j,, Mr. Aiken's address is an excellent !jj one, and furnishes many practical sug-' n geslions, which those interested in fe- j? male educatiou would do well to heed iand inwardly* digest, There is noth-js iug upon which more money has been ^ wa?Ud, and there is no subject which j ( is of more importance to the Southern 11 people, and none which need greater ' J attention than do the points referred j to by Mr. Aiken. ;i ( Immigration. ? The subject of immigration doesn't ruu so many of our citizens crazy as it11 used to. It breaks out, however, in' 1 different localities periodically, but * soon subsides. The same man is nev-'t er caught twice doing so doubtful a \ thing as paying the expenses to this;j I State of a chance immigrant who is al-;' ] most certain to become dissatisfied in a! i I few weeks at farthest. Several years j < j ?go nearly everybody around town ! j thought to get Irish servants, and ac-! Icordingly sent for a number of them.' j It was only a short time until we had !' i no Irish immigrants, and those who! ! seut for them, now rely on the darkey ; J : for such services as they ueed. Some!1 : poor people about here, it seems to us,, jonce really thought they could send (off and get an Irish or a Scotch gen* j | lteruau to conic here to black our < ! boots. That idea, if it ever existed, | | has been corrected. Wesee no special | benefit of importing and incorporating' ! into our society a great number of j j strangers, about whose morals we; know nothing. If strangers choose to come among us, all well and good. I We are glad to see them come, if they j .do so on their own volition, but we| I are opposed to persuading or deceiving ' j them, In order to induce them to come! here. Numbers of those who have J | come have gone oft'. In fact very few | I remain with us. They find no conge-;! ; nial companions. They usually speak m a different tongue, and do not under- : j stand a word we say. They are indeed ' "strangers in a strange land," and;' without money, and dissatisfied, they j1 are truly pitiable objects. We are sor- j1 ry for all such, and could wish them I elsewhere to endure their mental and 11 i physical suffering. \ l The Elfcct of Sending the XegroesM Away. J Those of our friends who havebecn ! so anxious to hurry the negro off from J this country, we think, can now seej the error into which they had fallen, i The colony that left White Hall last J Fall where wages were lower than in any other part of the county, would be \ surprised to know that laborers in that j \ section easily conimaud from fifty to 'j seventy live per cent, more for their i services than ever before. Hoe hands J about Abbeville now command a like J increased pay. All this has been ef- i fected by these wise-acres who would drive the negro away from here. Who j1 has been benefitted? It certainly is ! not the farmer who has to pay so much '{ higher for the same labor. It is barely i possible that those who have been soli anxious to see the negro leave can spr J how beautifully they have helped the ; farmets, and how wickedly they have t injured the negro in raising his wages 1 from forty cents to sixty-five cents a , day, or from fifty cents a day to 8ev- < eaty-five cents a day. J I FEMALE EDUCATION. ? V/Juress by the Hon. D. Tf Ailzcn, Be-1 fore the Fesiale Seminary. Anderson J V. H., S, C., Jnee 8, 1881. Mr. President, Tsuftr.i and Oent'emcn : six wee>ks ucO.when confined to a bed of scions illness, I was 1 u\i led to address the /oung ladies of this Seminnry.duriTiic "their ;x:i mi nation, upon the subjcct of "Female Education." Sick as 1 was, thlsin vition provoked a smile, h'or what did 1 know about " Female Kduca,lon ?** Was 1 ever a tuw.r of young ladies, <?r n any wise a preceptor ol me gentler sex? So. Then why request me todlscotirse upon a iubjoct of v.!::eh 1 was presumptively so ignorant? W?iSlo T flina cnl:1oonl7i <1 lr> mvse'.f. Mr. President, the Inquiry was suggested, areyuu 101 a father? llnve you no daughters for vho>e education you are responsible? 1 could jut reply alllimatively. for in the popular ac-' ;epiatlou of the term, I have educated three, itid have thre? more now undergoing the iatne process of training. Apprehensive that my system might differ' sseniially from the practice of the parents of ho young holies, whom I have the honor this ivvning of addressing, I determined to accept he invitation,and am here siot to advise or ustruct. but to surest and p-rhaps counsel. \ly suggestions may nut he approved by this luditory, hut I feel assured they will survive lie most adverse critielsm, for they simply iortiay In a great measure the successful reiultof iiiy own domestic and paternal prac-j lee. Let us then at tl?e beginning analyze the ,erm education. Popularly, that person 1s aid to be educated who has passed beyond ,he confines of a school House, ami has receiv:tl a diploma from a. ('ollege, or mastered t he j un tculuni of a 1'ni versify. Indeed, boor she i s educated who lias graduated anywhere. Habitually our daughter begins to nc<|ulrej his education Hi some female school near tome. In n-towyears they leave the paternal I oof, amid the caressing and tear shedding ofj he family, for a boarding school iti some dlsar.t town in- city, mid lifter n proscribed course >f study there, which has not been altered or! intended since the fo?ndalion of the institu-! ion, they graduate, lnivimr In the common I wcepfation of the term reerlvedan education. | VII this i:- well, and would that it were with-' n the reach of every cltlld in the land! lint.: dr. President, can this he said to he more than I i partird education even for voting ladies? Of l dl tlie various pha?es of education, which are o essentially necessary to prepare girls fori he Inevitable duties of womanhood, none are nore important than intellectual training.! ht!, sir. Is this more than one of the tunny i ihas-'sof edii'-ation? Ourmoral natures. too. ire to be developed iioth by precept and e.\aiu- j >le. And in theseiuiliturian times I feel war-1 itited In insisting, that it is no less important | hat fhe physical woman must as well be dis- j Iplinedand cul11vated. Kducation then Is the fullest development of he man or woman intellectually, morally, | nd physically, accompanied by a practical pt t ide to adapt himself or herself to the vn,ous vicissitudes of life. I am not aware that, education as thus do Inrd Isthe ro-ultot a <cholastlccoursc In any j >f onr seminaries, either male or female, con tanl eflort Is exercised to develop me inici-j L'otiml; the moral is usually evoked by exam ile; but the physical development Is generaly confided to the custody of each individual elf. If this Is so, it Is not as It should be.I lental training is of course absolutely essenInl, for it is mind that sways, whether it be ii the farm, In the workshops, or iit thecoun15 halls of our country. Hut In this section rhere citizenship has been degraded, where loral contamination can be seen through very window of our dwellings, how essential r> have the rising generation, taught that) pctltudc of conduct, that character Is thej lightest Jewel in the < a-ket, of their accom- j lishments? And throughout the South] i here sectional poverty impresses the ob-'er-! ant traveler, it can be no less essential fori lie happiness of till* same youth In after lifei o have them taught self-help, which neees-1 arily results In physical development. The process of acquiring what is called an . ducat ion is a routine of discipline, confine-1 nent and study which for many ha.-, had but ittlc variation. True, wo have the Kinder*, artcn, the Graded School, the Agricultural ollege, and some other nominal innovations pon t ho old system, but it. is not apparent to ! ly mind that even these are Improvements. The Kindergarten, which when auglocised leans tiic child's garden, is metaphorically a 1 arden where children between the aires of. Iirce and seven, are the plants to he cultivated nder the care of some laithfui gardener.' enxier plants, Indeed, these to be removed 1 oin the maternal care 01 uiosu wuu uure hem. The Kindergarten is a nursery where In-! mts maybe left during the day under the' fire of some kind and cheerful stewardess bile their patents aie engaged at theirdally , thors away from home." 1 use the il lustra-1 ion hi no opprobrious sense, when I say, that tie Kindergarten Is identical with the system dooted on many of our law plantations be[?rc the war, when all the nursing mothers rcro recpiired to Uike their infants to some entral house on the plantation to lie leftdur- j tig the day in the careof a chosen old Mauina . hose duly it was to feed, am use, and protect ; lie urchins until their mothers returned from 1 he field. I Voluntarily to submit to such a system is: nuatural. Hut where poverty denrands it, j internal aUi-ctlon must yield. Mich a system an never prevail In agricultural sections, ? n spar>e!y settled communities, kv; doubt-1 i>s is admirably adapted !o manufacturing , ( litres. The " Grnjfcv* Schools,"so far as I have been ' bie to/fivestiscate them, are 110 improvement 1 i/*bn that school where you ami 1, Mr. I'resi-; ent. received our academic education. And 1 majority of the Agricultural Coiuws in irie; .'nltcd States teach the students every thing lit agriculture. Hence, I repeat, the present i ystuns of education have changed but little | :um what they were years ago. At the tender age of six,or perhaps seven, ! ihrceyears too soon in my opinion,) thechild sis been tatight thea'plwit'Ciut hut no, nn<l Is j lien sent to school, lust perhaps to learn to | pell monosyllables, then to connect two or | lore of these together and spell words; thou j :> read, and on to memorizing, and repeating i lie multiplication table; to making tine and; oarse strokes with a pen, and ultimately to cquhlng a smattering of history, to writing f.iir hand, to understanding vulgar fraclons, and perhaps to calculating the Interest na note.and knowing that the book says, ."hat he does not comprehend, that verbs arc f three kinds, active, passive, ami neuter. And with these acquirements ends thesehoistic course of most of our youths. They are] lien said to haveTecel ved an elementary ed-; ation or that education, which so many men, tio by < lose application to study, by indomi-; ible energy ana perseverance, have attained j ? distinction in alter life, are fond ol boast-1 ig is tlie only education they received in ] olltll. Then again other children are more fortu-1 ate.und havca longer leascof scholastic life. | hoy are advanced to a higher course ofi ludy, and acquire a knowledge of the an-j lent languages by a compulsory rendering of I 'irgil and Horace, of Homer and Xenopiion. | ind as they progress they delve into phllosohy, absorb tomes of history* master the sei-. nee of trigonometry, and .?non become pol- j died In the art of rhetoric and bollcslettres. I his accomplished they receive a diploma of raduation froin a College or University, and jv repuieu to nave reeeiveu u iiucun 1 ion. Stepping then upon the threshold of maniood, one of Hie so-iallcd learned professions * rcrlwms selected as their vocation In ?f;cr ife, unci if so, a still ftn t her course of study Isj iccessary to equip them with a professional ducatiou. Thus from twelve to Jifteen years . f life arc consumed in preparing youths toj ;rapple with the uncertuintles of the world,. irliit'll a vast proportion of them fall to do | tiecessfuily, oftentimes because their ener-i ies liave been trcnt upon the full development of a single phase ot education. ilut, Mr. President, what class of our youth j s it that has had bestowed upon them this j ong and tedious course of scholastic mental i raining? Is i11ho boys or the girls? 'lite oung men or the maidens? Let me answer his question by asking another. Who in all his .Southland ever heard ol a woman graduitingut one of our older and higher institH-j ions of learning? What woman In the South o-day holds a diploma of graduation, having ectivcd what I have described above as alibral education, and si 111 less a professional ducatioii? Are any of them ever advanced lejond the purview of an elementary edit eftion ? Possibly we arc the happier people for thus imiting female education, lor it may prevent he cropping out of tliatclass of strong mindid women, who by practically Unsexinj; heinselves become a bane to any society. In lie land of morality and isms Dr. Mary \\ ulker vho wears breeches and a standing collar, has riaduatcd as a physician,and to Dr. Susan Bdsou's skill is attributed the recovery of the President's wife from iier recent severe attack if malarial fever. Mrs. Bel va Lock wood, who ivalksaud talks like a man, is a regularly li:ensed lawyer, and practices before all the courts of Washington City. Miss Susan l>, \nthony can make a stump speech two hours longon woman's rights. And hosts of other museulitie women throughout the North are dally speaking aud praying for the universality of woman sullrage, that they might become by election ruling statesmen or states-women in our National Congress. Are such anomalies the result of an advanced "Female Education?" Heaven lorbid! I would rather see the education of women circumscribed within its narrowest limits, than see her asa result of more liberal education, usurping the province of man. It by no means follows, that because woman by education becomes self-reliant, therefore she must become masculine. Woman lias her peculiar sphere, and for her to venture to transcend It, is for her to renounce her loveliness. The point I desire to make, however, is, that mrougiioui inc?oui.n mc muiiuiuu ui ivmuiu education Is not sufficiently high. X/Ct us review for si moment the scholastic course of tlie sexes. Uoj s ami girls usually commence school together. They read and write and recite grammar lessons frequently In the same classes and school rooms, and are advanced together until they have acquired that elementary education which I have describi d. Hut there aseparathm is made. The boys, as we have seen, are frequently carried on to and through a liberal and sometimes a professional education. The girls are sent home, or probably to boarding schools to prepare themselves for the requirements of society. \\ by should not females he taught Latin and Greek in all our Institutions? One or the other of these languages Is the root of more than half the words of our vernacular tongue; and the study of them is an exercise of every faculty of the mind. The memory is Improved through the process of associating different words with the same thoughts. Taste Is refined in construing a translation, and a nicer ludgmentis required in selecting English words to convey Latin or Greek ideas, while no profound thought Is necessary to attain to the accomplishment of being a linguifft. Nor can any reason bo assigned why thccurrlculumof our female seminaries should not Include the study of the higher mathematics, jeometry, surveying. plane and spherical trigonometry, and particularly political economy, that great science of production, consumption and exchange, which thrusts Its teuchiugs so minutely into all the affairs of lire. No man would be so rash as to sa.y, that ?hese studies are beyond the capacity of wo:non. Trite, woman was created a help-meet 'or man, and St. Peter advises husbands to treat their wives ns " the weaker vessel." But ioestbls argue, that woman 1b Incapable of receiving the most finished mentaldlsclpllne? Unable to perform as much labor or endure as much fatigue as man, woman Is physically lis Inferior. Morally she isby nature assurey liis superior, and naturally nothing presents her being as capable us lie of receiving :he highest intellectual culture. In all the catalogues of the Female Seminaries that I have seen, rhetoric and logic are published as a portion of tho studies required, ind this to the exclusion of the languages and :he higher mathematics. Why Is this? Is It because the latter are less comprehensible ;hun the former, or because women are natn al rhetoricians and logicians? Few adult nules will deny that women are Innately sloquent, and what man ever saw a woman hat could not assign a reason for he* .houghts? The anecdote or tho Irishman, yho said to his wife, her tongue must be glad A'hen she was asleep for It had 110 rest wh?*n die was awake, may not apply to all women, >ut it is known of all men, that women are tood talkers, and generally good thinkers, tnd no lather of h family can say that he has lot frequently found his wile a good counseler. Custom however, has so long sanctioned the confinement of tho scholastic course of fenalos to a narrower curriculum than that demised for males, that it would seem unwomcny for any female to aspire to a graduation In <ny of our older institutions. But no valid irgumentean bo adduced to prove woman's nental inferiority to man. Ton years cxpcrl nce at school taught me dlfl'creutly, Tpr durng that entire time I seldom sat upon'the relation bench that I was not confronted by roung ladies, to surpass whom was the height of my ambition, and It 13 nodlsparagement to me to admit, thai I seldom If over succeeded. Tills limited course of studies, which is accordid young ladles Inieciiringthelrao-called education. Is usually supplemented by accomplishments which are no Jarlher utilized thca j to enable the possessor to appear well In so-i clety. For instance, how many girl3 are forced to drum upon the piano aaanacoom-l pilshment, who have neither taste nor talent! for music? Of course, with such scholars the end of school days Is the end of piano drumming. But even of those who have deckled talents for music, and who at school seem to have mastered the science, how many of I hem utilize their accomplishment beyond making themselves agreeable and entertaining until they are marriageable? That I may not be accused of Judging too critically lonl; ovcrthe catalogues of our Southern Fexnnle Semina-1 j ries, and *ee how frequently the musical de-l i partment is in the bands of Professor So-arid-1 I Ur? o lAtwrn.inn. frofil f-Irmill II V Of j France or some other foreign country and not j lunder the control of graduates of the Instltu- j I tton. . I .So with drawing, painting, wax work, mnk-j Ing artificial flowers; those are frequently! taught In our Seminaries, but where will.you flint a young lady in the State or the South 1 who Iih v made a profession of either of them? I would have the young lady, who had a peciiiinrtalcnt for any of these arts, study it, inns-1 j terlt. and ply It as her Vocation In alter life.) I Who can point mo to a Southern female artist j [of any celebrity either as a painter, musician | or sculptor? And yet the handsomest mar-' j M-e monuments in our national capliol have I been chiseled by the fair hand of woman. I In lsrt I was so circumstanced, that I could [give employment to a half dozen'or more | young ladies in making artificial flowers. I i j wrote to friends in almost every Southern 1 j city enquiring whether this demand could bo , j supplied there. I failed to secure a single one in all the South, but had no dillicYillity In en-. | gaging them at the North. ! , j Now I must not be understood as advoea- j I ting the policy of woman's receiving a higher j education simply that she may become a pro-! I fessionai character. Not at Till. But I do be- j licvein encouraging every one to utilize the talents v'.h which they are endowed. And to this end I consider It the duty of parents to : educate their daughters as thoroughly asthelr, sons.and wherever any peculiar or superior taJcnt Is discovered, it should be fostered, en-; couragecl and disciplined to Its utmost eapae-1, Ity. Not otherwise can success in any voca-, tion be attained now-a-days. Welive in a me-' chftiilcal. inventive, progressive nge. and everywhere, and at all limes, skill is recognized j ami encouraged. When \vc rometnncr. mail < hut a few years aco our land was devastated 1 by the horrors of civil wnr, from which wej have but partially recuperated, and when the! j prosperitv of to-day is rendered doubtful hyj the cvidenccRof poverty wo see so abundant-;' ly manifested In every quarter. It behoves the parents of the rising generation throuzh-| out the South to Ineuteate upon theirchlUj dren the necessity of acquiring a general ed-i ncatlon, nut for ornnnieutulf hut for praclleal I purposes. For when these youths leave the [ precincts of the school or college, and enter; | upon the arena of manhood or womanhood, they will find the world but a restless, seeth- ;J inc. social whirlpool, where self is the motive' power, where disinterestedness is a virtue of! exotic growth, but where education Is the | controlling element 111 the competitive enntests of life. (ieneral education prepares the mind tose- , cure success in every occupation, and makes j men. Special education commands success j In every enterprise In which the recipient is 11 called to act. The educated man, therefore,; who bends hisenergicstothenccompllshnteni j' of a single deed, or plies al! tlie force of bis trained intellect to tlie development of a sin-1 pie Idea, will far outstrip t lie man, who with- i out training, without acquirements, relies for the attainment of the same end upon the in-} wninnii i>-?mIiis And never: I IliUU iniuvio w. \v:ts there a country in which, nor a people I among whom, this educated individuality!! was more necessary than right here among I us of the South, where the demobilization of war had seggregated the purposes,and broken the ties of ft once united and happy people. I Hut, Mr. President. I may he anticipating those w hum I have been Invited to Address, f?>r they may reply, wo do not pr<>po?c cngng- J i ing immediately in Ihe battle of life, but In- ( tend to retire to the happy homes of our Indulgent parents there to enjoy ourselves and aWait events. lJllssful innocence would tlu?t your fondest hopes could be rcalln-d ! A satisfactory present may suffice for wo- j men; they may not entertain ambitious>! thoughts, and hence may scout the Imaglna-j rydiscouragementsof the future. Not so with | men. The humblest boy may perhaps be as ] ambitious as Alexander, who when a youth I wnsj'.skcd if he Intended entering tlie cont st J1 In the Olympic games, and promptly replied, I "Yes, even though I contend against kings.'' |j Laudable and sueccssfnl ambition has cor.-j1 verted a bootblack of forty years ago Into a United Slates Senator of to-day. And the same incentive has given him a colleague, i1 who twenty-live years ago was a biakcmanl' on a railroad train. And lie who now tills;! the highest ofllce in Christendom was within the recollection of many of us a canal boat j driver. Hence no insurmountable obstacle! lies across the pathway of ambitious youth. | ..n.i ii.-ii iiivih.et, which actuates liim to fill | lofty places anions men Is a praiseworthy In-1 ccntive that should pervade the mind and j heart of every hoy. Kill shall those aspirations be confined to the sterner sex ? Is theie no worldly goal to i whleh woman should aspire ? In evcry ay." 1 she has adorned society. JJ' W:.'*n>ifi?ri "of I every '"i.l.'iv.iS'iailoh have commanded the , .idiniration of the world. Need I only menlion Hannah Moore, Madame De \Stnel, or 1 George fcliot'? < The aphorism is accorded to Aristotle, that | "in every block of marble there Isa statue; it only needs the chisel of the sculptor to fash- ' ion it."' What sculpture is to the marble ed- I ileal ion is to the mind. Who then can tell us , how many intellectual statues of great lean- . ty lie lorever concealed within ttie recesses of the un sculp Hucd minds of our country? lionet the Importance, iny young friends, ofji your striving to perfect yolir education: and 11 in doing so cultivate virtuous and lofty aspl-ji rations. There Is always a possibility of sue- i I * 1 " ? *?! nmhllintt ! I cess for tnose who iiiwiic v, <><iU , tampered by (lie intuitive nobleness of wo-11 man is not a dannerous, but one of the most j I admlrab'c attributes of man. Properly re-p strained it lias developed {treat and good men,! and stimulated tiicm to ttic performance of ' labors of surpassing grandeur. It will do noil less for woman, when controlled by her fortl-! < tiulc and ameliorated bv iier patience. Let I then yonr aspirations be lofty, and your ambition virtuous and ennobling. 11 Hut, Mr. President, in the acquisition of j? knowledge redantry should at alt times bo. < avoided. There is'iiothing attractive In a 1 blue-stock in;.'. That is a contracted intellect 1 which is constantly parading its acquirements. Those who by reading and study have stored their minds with a i'tuid of information, which I hey can only utilize by mak- 11 iiiSa display of what they liavo absorhed from others, may be called learned, but they 11 are never \\ isc. My auditory must see that the drift of my whole argument is to encourage the practical i1 ??r fu^intred knowledge. To tills I' encl I would encourageeven at school the in- j traduction ot some of the duties of alter life, 1 believing that any one, who studies live years and practices live, will acquire more and be better educated than he who studies ten years. Practical duties are a relief to mental labor, and would therefore in no wise retard :he progress of the studious scholar. Goldsmith says, ' education shotil l mean the cult I vat Ion 1 of the Intellect, the refinement of reason, guided by good taste and not pedantry, so l lat | however seieniitie, philosophical or profor nilj the scholar may he, his learning should ou-i ly be shown to society through the medl.im of good common sense." Yes, my young h friends, common sense is never impractical, anil the practical man is usually endowed I With good common sense. Hence In the pursuit nfter knowledge, habits of practical industry should be acquired by the systematic performance of some < f tliose duties which arc known to be Inevitable to womanhood. In communities where the tducated are all wealthy and prosperous, the men may begentlemen of elegant leisure* and the women j may never be burlhencd with the drudgery or housekeeping, Jlut have we now, or are j we likely to have in the near future here, or 1 In theState or In the entire .South any such [Community? 1 imagine not. Indeed si me ! of our most intelligent and bc?t educated clt1 -* - *- il,? ?ln,.|,|n?K ; ITX-iirt uiv lu-uu.v Knint nc<.ii>,> of poverty, nnd sire compelled to perform | manual labor to earn their dally bread. This i Is nothing to their discredit, for by their clmrj ncters do they dignify their labor, be it nf ver so menial. Hut nil labor is onerous to ttiosc I who arc unaccustomed to performing It, and habits of industry contracted in early life greatly militate its Irksomeiicss. | If an honest man is the noblest work of j God. he in no less honest, and surely no less : noble nccause he plies the hammerbehlnd the i anvil, or earns his living between the plow i handles. It is not the profession that elevate* ; or degrades the man, but It is the man that I establishes the character of his profession, j No one will contend, that all Judges arc Just men. or that saints on enrtli are only to be i found occupying the pulpit, l'arson P.rown| low Is reported to have said,"a man in a horse i swap must cheat the trader, or the trader j must cheat the man." If this be true. I take It that horse trading is a dishonorable busi' ness. Hut is It true ? No, my young filends, | till labor Is honorable,and any vocation can | only beef reeled in each Individual instance by ] the character of him who follows it. | As with men, so with women. If a pure, refined. educated woman is the loveliest of na turn's treat ions,she becomes no less lovoiy do- i i vnusc she can knead dough, labor at the lronj Ing table, or even bend over the wash tub. One of ihe most attractive persons I ever met I i was a young lady of Anderson county, who, : after attending to her dally routine of house' keeping, was said to mom:t tier horse, vlsiti i the farm hands in tlie Held and give general | | direction as to the mode of cultivating the | I crops. | what verdict, think you, would be renderled by the young men of our country were they consulted as to the attractiveness of I those young ladies who did, and those who dt<l hot supplement their uilwrwt ton with thee | [ various practical accomplishments? To those i I already mentioned I might add tho use of the! sewing machine,and knowledge of type setting, of telegraphy and stenography. These Id re almost necessary adjuncts to a finished i frmttlc cducatioh now-a-dnys. Every a Joles| cent maiden should anticipate some day boj coming muterfiimllku. And as surely as the ; sparks lly upward will this dignified position t be attended by nil the perplexities o( house! keeping. If these are to be surmounted by jexperience, how harassing tho life! But If I they are anticipated by education, the burj then becomes aleviated, and the duty of i them a pleasure. Ituvlew the livesoi youracqtutintances who ! have preceded you lure or elsewhere at school | j during the past three or tive years. Some of j I them are single, others married. Of the hit-I j ter how many of them are wedded to men ea-! ' pable of providing them homes as comforta- j ble as the paternal roefs they lelt, or are able ] to supply nil the servants necessary to relieve j their wives of tho disagreeable drudgery of housekeeping? Then profit by these examples. and learn practically to perform those! I'l^'.es which are as inevitably connected j with woman's life as is heat with tho summer sun. Mr. President. I may be too utilitarian, but I have often thought, were I tho Principal of j r boarding school lor females, it should oc re-1 ouired of every pupil to devote so many houn | daily or weekly to the arts of cooking, wash- j Itig. and sewing; and those who developed ' the proper talent, should be taught type-set-1 j ting, telegraphy and stenography. I am ! j aware that, the enforcement of such acurrio-. J ulum would heap upon the head of the Prlu- ! (cl pal the gentle anathemas of his scholars* and possibly invoke the frowns of prudish ; and indulgent mothers, but I am quite miro the future wives of the country would shower blessings upon him, and pray that lie m!gbt ' go down to Ills end In peace. Now all these practical, utilitarian accomplishments by no means exclude women ifrom tho sphere of tho very highest IntellectI ual culture. Quite the contrary. If it is "the j men of learning who lead with noiseless step I | the vanguard of civilization, that mark outj I the road over which posterity marches," so I i | would have it the mission, if not tho duty of | educated women to convince the world that, I even In tho apparently trivial duties of the; I housewife Intellect will always control. In conclusion, .Mr. President, female education as 1 have defined It, secures to society In- j tellcctual advancement, moral perfection, | and healthful physical development: a very : trinity of essentials, each to be acquired without sacrificing the others, and all necessary for the happiness of any community of people. Tho 10:50 train from Charleston wrrlved I on limo this morning, and brought a goodly j number of passengers. They mostly took the Greet: ville train for the up country, the, ! springs and tho mountains. The summer i exodus has commenced rnther earlier this; season than usual, which may lndlcatoa long,: dry and warm season. We not led several of our own cltizehs aboard, who propose to make a trip for health orpleusuro, or both.?CWum-j Ma Yeoman. Kemkmbeu now Is the season to rmlnt your i houses Insido. Get your paints from K. B? Mciirlde, tl' . j Jefferson Davis' Book. " RISE AND FALL OF THE CONFEDERATE GOVERNMENT." A Defence of the South and of nimseil ?Comments on the Kattles?Criticisms of Gcncrnls ? The Tito Johnstons ?Lincoln's Assassination -Mr. Davis Gives His Own Version of Hi: Capture?Bitter, but Interesting;. fiYeio York Herald.I The long-expccted history of the rebel lion from the pen of Mr. Jefferson Davi.' thoex-Pi-osideiit of the Confederate State will bo issued from the press oftho Ap plotons at an early dr.te. The title of tin work Is "The Rise and Fall of the Confederate fiovernment," and will be prin ted in two handsome volumes, advancei sheets of which now lio before us. The book is by odds the most impornAnli>!Kn(!/\n in fhn Mtfifnrv'nf Hi ft Will from the Southern side. Mr. Davis ha.1 resisted the impulse to meet current as sail It or misrepresentation with currem replication, and has reserved all hifstrenght for a final and deliberate efl'ort that should not only servo as an answer (o running assault, but stand as an appeal to posterity. The book has the advantage of coming from an authoritative source and an intelligent author before whom has been past in review the opinions of nearly every prominent actor on either side of the late .struggle, and tr. whom the stores of information gathered in nearly twenty years of peace have been opened. Beyond question the book thai is the result of Mr. Davis'work will be [leccptcd as the standard of authority for the Southern si lo of the sturggle. and the very causes that combine to mako it supreme among the sympathizers with the rebellion will tend more or less to give it weight with tlio world at large. It is, therefore, worthy of the attention of intelligent people every where, and a review of its leading points cannot fail to bo interesting. Mr. Davis is aggressive in the assertion iif the righteousness of the principles for which the Southern pcoplo fought. Utterly regardless of tl.o arbitrament made by the sword at Appomattox or of the march of e vents sinto then he defends secession, not only as a right, but as the corner stone of the only possible constitutional Union, anil vindicators every position taken by the Southern leaders beforo jhe wat. AN ANECDOTE OK CT.AV. An Interesting ar.ccdotcof the author and Mr. Clay, Illustrating t ie uneasiness of Southern leaders, I? made a loot note to the chapter on slavery While the compromise measures of 1R-C were pending,and the excitement concerning Ihcm was at Irs highest,! one day overtook Mr. ('lay, of Kentucky, and Mr. Herrlcn, ol Cicorgfa. In the Capitol grounds. They were In earnest conversation. It was the 7th ol March?the day tin which Mr. Webster had delivered his great speech. Mr. Clay, a Jdres* in-.; me in the friendly manner which he had nl ways employed since I was a school boy In Lexington, asked me what I thought of the speech. 1 liked it better than he did. IJethen suggested that 1 should "join the compromise men," saying that ii was a measure which Ik thought would probably give peace to the country for thirty jours?the period ihat had elapsed since the adoption of the compromise of 183). Then, turnlns to Mr. IJerrlen, hesaid, "You-and I wilt beun?ter ground before that time, but our young friend here may have trouble to meet."' I somewhat Impatiently declared my unwillingness to transier to posterity a trial which they would be relatively less ahle to meet than we were, and passed on my way. LINCOLN'S SSECTIOJT. Mr. D.ivlf.'.'icms to have appreciated theslgviiTcaucc c:f the election of 18(50, and to have 'elt assured that if Mr. Lincoln wan elected secession was the only remedy. lie made efforts to secure, even niter the campaign had >pencd, a compromise hy which tiic fi lendsot [lie constitution might be rallied on one canlidatc. Mr. Douglass was responsible, according lo Mr. l>avis, for the failure of this plan, which "would have averted the catastrophe that followed." To quote definitely, lie snys: Mr. Hell, the whig candidate, was a highly respcctah o and experienced statesman, who liad tilled many Important oHlces, both Stale md federal. He was not ambitious to the extent of coveting tlie Presidency, and he was profoundly Impressed by the danger whieli Llircatrncd the country. Mr. Ureikinridue had not anticipated, and it. may safely he said Jid not caneriy desire, the nomination. Jlc was young euomrh to wait, and patriotic i-nou^h to be wi'llng to do so, If tlie weal of flic country required It. This much I may confidently assert of both those gentlemen, for each of them authorized mo to say that he was willing to withdraw If an ariaugcmcnt i-ould lie elleeted hy which the divided forces of the friends of theeonstltution could hecon[ entnited upon some one more generally acceptable than either of the three who had been presented to the country. When I made this announcement to Mr. Douglass?with whom my relations had always been stu-h as to authorize the assuranco that he could not consider it as made in an unfriendly spirit? lie replied that the scheme proposed was Impracticable, becauso his friends, mainly Northern democrats. If he were u'luwliiiun would Join in tliesiipportof Mr. Lincoln rathit than of any olio tliat should supplant lilin J)ougla?); time lie was in the hands of his friends and was sure they would not ucrcpl the proposition. intimacy with jutciiaxa:?. Mr. Pnvis'relations were very intimate witli Mr. JUtehanan. and he was sent lor Just prloi to the sending in of tlie Message for ihe Congross of 18G1. Touching this visit he fays:? On arrival at Washington I found, as had been anticipated, that- my presence there wai desired on account of the influence which il was supposed .[ might exercise with the l'resl dc-it (Mr. Htichiinan) 111 relation to his forthccuilng Message to Congress. On paying mj respects to the President lie told me that In hud finished the rough draft of his Message but that it was still open to revision and amendment, and that he would like to read il tome. lie did so, and very kindly accepted nil the modi Mentions which I suggested. Tin Message was, however, afterward somewlial changed, and, with izreat defcrcnco to tin wisdom and statesmanship of its author, 1 must say that. In my Judgment, the last al terations were unfortunate? so much so that when it was icad In the Senate, I was reluctantly constrained tocritlcisc It. * * * Tin kind relations, both personal and political which had long existed between Mr. Uuclian an and myself, hadlcd him,occasionally,dur ing his l'rcsUlcncy, to send for mo to confei with him 011 subjects that causcd lilm anxie ty.and warranted mo In sometimes etillliif upon him to oflcr my opinion on matters o special Interest or linporUn.ee. Thus it wn! that I had communicated with him freely ir regard to the threatening aspect of events ii the earlier part of the winter of lh6iVGI When he told mc of the work tlint hud ueei: done or was doing at Fort Monltrle?that Is the elevation ot its parapet by crowning iI vit.li barrels of sand?I pointed out to him th< impolicy as well as Inefliclcncy of the meas lire. It seemed tome Impolite to make osten sible preparations for defence when no attach was threatened, and the means adopted wen inefficient, because any ordinary Held plcei would knock the barrets oH'the parajiet nut thus render them only hurtful to the defend ers. He inquired whether the expedient bat not been successful at Fort Brown, on the lti< Grande, in the bcglnnlngor the Mexican war and was answered that I tie attack on For uruwii iiiiu uuuii iiiuuu mtu miihii mill:* ur 11 great distance. After the removal of the garrison to tin stronger and safer position ot Fort Sumter, culled upon htm again to represent, from mi knowledge of the people and the clreum" stances of the ease, how productive the move merit would be of discontent. And how llkeh to lead to col I Is Ion. One of the vexed que* tlons of the di.y was, hy what authority tin Collector of the port should be appointed, ant the rumor wns.thut Instruction had been giv en to the'ommandlng officer at Fort SunUe not to allow vessels to pass, unless under clear ance from the United .States Collector. It wa easy to understand that, if a vessel weretlrei upon under such circumstances it would beat copied as Ihebcglnningof hostilities?a rosul which both ho and I desired to avert, as th greatest calamity ttint could be foreseen o lioauincd. My opinion was, 1 hut tile wises and best course would bo to withdraw the car rhon altogether from the harbor of Clturlc! ton, DAVIS Kt.KCTKD PRESIDENT. Mr. Davis lias this to say regarding Ills clcc tion as President of the Confederacy: On the next day (Oth of February) an elec tion was held for the chief executives ofllccs resulting, as I afterward learned, in my elec tion to the Presidency, with the lion. Alex andcr H. {Stephens, of Georgia, as Vice-Prcsl dent. Mr. Stephens was a delegate from (Jeor gia to the Congress. Willie these events were occurring, having completed the most urgent of my duties a the capital of Mississippi, I had gone to in; home (Hrierfleld, in Warren county,) and ha< begun, in tne homely but expressive languag of Mr. Clay,"to repair my fences." Whll thus engaged notice was received of my elec tion to the Presidency of the Confederal) Suites, with nn urgent request to proceed iru mediately to Montgomery for inauguration. As this had been suggested as a probabii event, aud whatappearcd to me adequate pre cautions had been taken to prove It. J warsut prised,and, still more, dlsupuolnteu. Forreii sons which it is not now necessary to state, had not believe.! myself as well suited to th oftleo assomu others. I thought myself betle adapted to com liand 1.1 ttictield; aud Missis sippl liad given me the position which I pre ferred to any other?tho highest rank in he army, it was, therefore'that 1 afterwan said, la an address delivered in tiiecapltol be fore the Legislature of the Stale, with refer ence to my election to tho Presidency of tin Confederacy, that the duty of which I wa thus culled was temporary, and that I expect ed soon to be with the Army of theMississlpp again. The author ills poses of the ridiculous ttorj that Mr. Toombs was preferred tor the Presi deicy of tho Confederacy by quoting letter frcm almost every living member of the flrs Congress. These letters show that Mr. Davli was virtually tho unanimous choice of tb< delegates and that there was no question a* t( his superior fitness for the phice. He glvei some interesting lucts concerning tho forma tion of his Cabinet. JIo had Intended offer ing the Premiership of tho Cabinet to Mr. R W. Barnwell, of South Carolina, but tho dele gatlon of that Stato having recommended Mr Metnmlnger to be Secretary of the Treasury he was forced to forego his ttrst choice. Having thus disclaimed tho responsibility of pla elng the Premiership in tho hands of Mr Toombs who afterward boasted that ho "car ricd tho State Department in his cout-tal pockets," Mr. Davis goes further and says "Mr. Toombs was offered the place, for whlcli others believed him to be well quulitied." II hud been the Intention of the President tc make Mr. Toombs .Secretary of theTreasury on account of his "knowledgo on subjects ol finance." The Cabinet otherwise wus made up from Mr. Davis' personal knowledge of the men solcct?d> * i im in i ? THE BATTLE.? OF THE WAR. In describing the great battles of the wai Mr. Davis writes graphics.ly, lie Is forced, 01 course, to be brief, us be bad such an enor mous area to cover; and yot never lets the op portunlty pass or paying a tnoute 10 soim fallen Confederate or denounce tire course o the federals. In beginning his history of th( actual war he snys We now enter upon those terrible scenes o wrong and blood In which the government o the United Stales, driven to desperation bj our successful resistance, broke through ever} restraint of the constitution, of national law >f justice and of humanity. BCLL'3 Bt'X. The battle of Manassas. It appears from Mr >avls' account, was understood to be a crush , ng defeat beforo the field was cleared. As thi 'resident and his party neared the batll hey met fugitives who announced that thi .'onfederate array was beaten. It was not un 11 General Johnston was reached that It wa iscertalned there had been a victory. Of th retreat of the enemy he says:? Our cavalry, though ttiere was present bu the squadron previously mentioned, and fron i statement of the commander of which .vill make Home extracts dashed boldly for .vard to charge. The demonstration was fol low ed by the Immediate retreat of what was t believe, the last, thereabout, of the enemy' 'brccs maintaining their organization am xhowlng a disposition to dispute the posses sion of the Held of battle. In riding over th ground it seemed ouite possible to mark th iincof a fugitive's lllghts Here was a musket there a cartridge box, there a blanket or over coat, a havcrsuck, &c., as If the runner hni stripped himself us ho went of all linpedi mens to speed. As we approached toward the left of ou line the signs of a:? utter rout of the encni; were unmistakable, and justified the conclu sion that the watch-word of "On to Kich mond!" had been changed to "OR for Wuah HIKUJil 1 lie notes the dlscovcry of a largo numbero handcuily 011 the deserted field over which b discourses bitterly. Tire author Insists am fairly demonstrates that he appreciated tin Importance of Immediate and vigorous pur suit of the pnemy, saying:? I then suggested that he should he orderei in pursuit; a pause enstusi, until Colonel Jor dan asked me If I would dictate the order, at once dictated ail order for Immediate pur suit. Some conversation followed, the resul of which w.is a modification of the order b; myself, so that, instead of Immediate pursuit it should be commenced at early dawn. Colo nc! Jordan spoke across the table to me, say hi}.'. "If y?u will send the order as you firs dictated it the enemy won't stop till he cet Into the Potomac." I believe I remember tin words very nearly ami am quite sure that do remember them substantially. The blame of the failure to pursue he place very clearly on General Joseph E. Johnston Of the possibilities of a vigorous pursuit In snys : This view of the matter rests on the snppc sltion that the fortifications and garrisons de scribed did actually exist, of which ther seemed then to be no doubt. If tho report which have slnco reached us bo true, tha there wttrc at that time neither fortification nor troops stationed on the south bank of th Potomac; that all the enemy's forces fled ti the north side of the river and even beyond that the panicof the routed army Infected th whole population of Washington city am that no preparation was iiiiiuu t>r even wn templuted lor the destruction of Ihe brldg across Iho Potomac, then it may have be-m as ninny have asserted, that our army, follow In? close upon the flying enemy, could Imvi entered and taken possession oftheUnitei Stales cnpllal. Tlics'i-rnporti, however, pr< sent a condition of affairs altogether at vai . rianceWilh the information on which we ha , to act. Thus It was, and, so far as I knew.fti the reasons above stated, that an advance t the south bank of the Potomac was not eoi: I temph ted as the Immediate sequeneeof III j victory at Manass&s. What discoveries woul | hnvQbeen made and what results would hav r ensued from Ihe 'establishment of our gun , upon the south bank of the river to open llr upon the capital, are speculative question upon which It would be useless to enter. AI.ltKltT SYDXKY JOHNSTON'. The most striking episode In the book an , one in which the author has put his heart, 1 the stinging criticism of AlbertSyduey Join ; ston and the death of that gallant odlcc ii wlille an unjust popular displeasure hun i about him. The malignant assaults made uj j oil him after the fall of Donelson for whr \j was clearly the fault of others are thus d< 1 j scribed ' Dissatisfaction was general. us muuei ' lngs, already heard, began to brenk^utjn de miiichttlff.is.* "NJhe tooklipHT Li try and lioundeuon one another and tin; pet Ip!o In hunting down a victim. The publi press was loaded with nbuse. The govern nient was denounced for intrusting the put lie safety to hands so feeble. The Lowe House of Congress appointed a select com ! mlttce to Inquire into the conduct of the wa j In the Western Department. The Senator and Kepresentatlvesfrom Tennessee, with th I exception of Judge Swann, waited upon th j President." Their spokesman, Senator (?. A ! Ilenry, stated that they eatne for and In behal i of Tennessee to ask for the removal of Genet | nI A. S. Johnston, and the assignment of i eompetentollleer to the defence of their home ai'd people. It was further stated that the I did not come to recommend any oneasth successor: that it was conceded that the I'res dent uns better aide than they were to selec [ a proper officer, and they only asked that h ! would slve them n general. j Painfully Impressed by this exhibition c | distrust toward an officer whose place. If vn tcaled, I was sure could not be filled by til 1 ei]ual, realizing how necessary public conf ; donee was to success.and wounded by the It inciter! iIiiiih i/>ono I had known with close It ! tlmacy In peace and in war. and believed t '[ be on.; of Ihe noblest men with whom I ha jever been associated, and one of the nblectso dlers I! had ever seen in the field, I paused un j di r conflicting emotions, and after a lim merely answered, "If Sydney Johnston Is n< j a general the Confederacy lias nono to glv : you." : TIIB nURNIVG OF COLUMBIA. I Stl.l fruihcr of this General he says, toucf ! lng tlie burning of Columbia, S. C.: j Hypocrisy is the tribute which vice pays t I vlriue; therefore Oon. Sherman has endeai i ored to escape the reproaeties for the bui nln | of Columbia by attributing It to Gen. Ilainj I Ion's order to bum the cotton In the clly, tin j It mig ht not fall Into the hand of the encm; (ion. Hampton has proved clrcumstuutlali ! that Gen. Sherman's statement Is untrue, an Ihouth in any controversy to which Gei j Hampton may be a parly, no corroborate evidence Ik necessary to substantiate his n [ seriion of a fact coining within his pcrsoni observation. hundreds of unimpeachable wi 1 i liesst-s lave testified tlmt I he burning of C'< | Imnlila ,wns thedcllheiate act of the Fcder .! soldiery, and it was certainly permitted If u. ' j oideieu by the commanding general. | And again: . I lAVc e this the only Instance of such barba Ity i>erpetrat< d by (.Jen. .Sherman's nrmy, li ett'eet to escape ttic responsibility might t "j more successful, because more plausible; bi when the eulogists of tils exploits note exu , tlngly.thal "wide-spreadlngeolumnsof smol ' rose',vhei*ever the nrmy went,'" whenit is ii f conlrovcrtibly true that the line of.hls marc I j could, be traced by the burning dwclllng-hoi I; ses and by the wall of women and chlldrc J pitilessly left to dio from starvation and e: ,, posure In the depth of winter, his plea of "m ,1 guilty" In the case of the city of Columb ' j carin a free him front the reprobation wlilc . outraged humanity must attach to an act ci uclty which only finds a parallel in the bn \ | barons excesses of Wallensuln's army In tl ' Thirty Years' War, and which, even at tin pei led of the world's civilization, sullied tl ; i frame ol that otherwise great soldier. " TUB SCItltENDKR OK LEE. [ I Ono of the most Interesting features of tl ;'book Is what Mr. Pavls says of the varioi f peaco movements. It has been charged thi * i Gen. Lee told Mr. Davis early In 1801 that i j was impossible for tho Confederacy to mal ' tain Itself, and the President has l>een blam< ' | for continuing tlio war after this time. C [ j this point Mr. Davis says: Lee had never contemplated surrender. Jr. ! had long before. Ill lanKiiaiie rimllar to tin employed by Washington during the Kevol 1 : tion, expressed to me the belief that In mou 5' tains of Virginia he could carry on tho wi J; for twenty years, and in directing his marc 1: toward Lynchburg It u:ay well be that as c - alternative he lioped to reach those moui I j Utl.is, and with the advantage which tlw t > pr^mphy would give yet to balllo the hos ?| which were following him. [j And further: In the early part of March, 18(15, as well i e my memory can tlx tho date, Gen. Lee he I! with mealougand free conference He statt f that the circuuistanocs had forced oil him tl . conclusion that the evacua'lon of Petersbui . i was but a Question of time. He had early at f' ftilly appreciated the embarrassment wlilt would result from losing the workshops ai B foundry at Richmond, which had been oi i i main reliance for the manufacture and repu -1 of arms as well as ihc preparation of annn rinltlon. The importance or Richmond in th -1 regard was, however, then less than it hr k ! been by the facilities which had been creau .1: for these purposes at AugusUi, Bel ma, Fa >.{ettevllle and some smaller establishment! II also by the progress which was belnij made f c i a large armory at Macon, Ga. To my lnouli r j wheihor it would not be better to antlclpa t: the necessity by withdrawing at once, he sa - ! tUnt Ills artillery and draught norm's were t< weak Tor the ro;uls In their then conditio and that, he would have to wait until they b came tinner. Then naturally followed tl consideration of the lino of retreat. The p per was forwarded to Gen. Lee and return* by hi in with an unfavorable criticism, at the conclusion that, if we had to retreat, ' should be in a southwardly direction towni ? ; the country from which we were drawli j {.applies, and from which a large portion j our fore-s had been derived. In this convr ; Mition the same general view was more sp '* | Ullcally stated and made to apply to the lilt ! condition of ullalrs. The programme was retire to Danville, at which place suppil t should be collected and a junction made wil t the troops under lien. .1. E. Johnston, the cor 1 blned Jurce to be hurled upon Sherman 1 " North Carolina, with the hope of crushing h '' urmy belore Grant could reach him. j~| As to tho manner In which the detormln ! Hon to surrender was readied Mr, Dav writes: p On the evening of the 8th Gen. Lee decide after conference with bis corps communuer " I that lie wouldi advance the next mornli i beyond Appomattox CourtJHouse, and If tl ,' force reported to bo there should prove to I j; only Sheridan's cavalry, to desperse It an 1 ! continue the march toward Lynchburg ; In j If lntuntry should be found in large force, tl i" j attempt to break through it wns not to I ,' made and thejeorrespondent which Gen. Grai 1 j had initiated on the previous day snould 1 " j leopened by atlag, with propositions for an li * tervlew to arrange the terms of capltulutloi ? , Gordon, whose corps formed the roar guai i Irom Petersburg, and who liad fought dail j | for ;the|protectlonof the trains, had now bee 1 transferred to the front. On the nex mori ! Ing, before daylight,. Lee sent Col. Vcnabl ' one of ills stuir, to Gordon, commanding tl . advance, to learu hlsopii.iou us to the chanct . of a succcsstul attiick, to which Goulon n piled: "My old corps is reducod to a fntzzl t and, unless I am supported by Longstrci 5 heavily, I do not think we can do anythiu , more." When Col. Vcnnble returned wit ' i this answer to Gen, Lee, ho Mild : Then thoi > | Is nothing left mo but to go and see Goi s; Grant. THE THOrnLK WITH JO. JOHNSTON It appears from beginning to end of th< . book that Gcu. Johnston and Mr. Davis neve . agreed on a policy after the tlrst battle < . Manassas. .Showing by tcsttlmony that Join i sou was to blame for not pursulug tho em -1 my frotn 'hut field, that his was the fault Mm - prevented tho Investing of Vicksburg an .! caused! Its fall, he tnen goes ou to sho ' that Johnston's disregard of suggestions an I orders gavevSherman an open road to Atlant i and (enablod iilm to rut the Confederacy ir i twain. He says that when Johnston wns a| ; I pointed to tho command of the Army of Ter ?I nessee it was under distinct orders to mak ' an aggressive eompulgn. He say : T Tho following were among tlie consldert ,! tlons presented to Gen. Johntson. tit my r< | (juest, hy UrlR -General W.JN. Pendleton.chit 1 of artillery or the Army oI Northern Virgli j la, ou April lti, 1SW t ftI. To tak? the enemy at disadvantage whl . weakened, It is believed, by sending troops Virginia Hnd having others still on furlong r 2. To break up Ids r'lanu by unticlputli and frustrating his con b nations. 3. So to press liljn.ln his pre.sem position to prevent hlaheavier massing In Virginia 5 4. To defeat him In battlo and gain grc f consequent strength In supplies, men ai , productive territory. 5. To prevent the waste of the army Inclde to Inactivity. f ?. To Inspirit the troops nnd-the country I f success, and to discouruge the enemy. f 7. To obviate the necex-sity of falling bat r which might probably occur If ourantagon , 1>e allowed to consummate his plans wit out molestation. Gen. Johnston cordially approved of an c gresslve movement, and lnformrd me of I purpose to n>ake It as soon as reinforcemer . and supplies, then on the way, should reu him. He dUI not approve the proposed r B rntidrt Inin 'IVinni'fKH.i. fhnr t e Federal forces in Tennessee were uot weak e but If any thing stronger, tlmu at Missions Ridge; that ueteat ueyond the Ten ties* * would probably prove ruinous to us, resu s Ing in the loss of his anny, the occupation c Georgia by the enemy, the ,'eplrcing oft Confederacy lu its vitals," and ike loss of Ihe Southwestern territory. He propose t therefore, to aland on the defensive tin i strenethened; " to watch, prepare; a I ssrlke"as soon as possible. As soon as re lorced he declared his purpose to advance i- Ringgold, at tni-k there, and, if successful, i, he expected to be, to strike at Cleveland, < ? the railroad, control the river, and thusi: J late East Tennessee, and, as a consequen r force his antagonist, tojflve brittle on this si e of the TcnnesKce River. To enable G< 0 Johnston to repulse the hostile advance a ;, assume the offensive no eflort was spared - thepart.of the Government. Almost all t J available military strength of the South a * West, in nren and supplies, was pressed f ward and placed at his disposal. The hi r plies o;" the commissary, quartermaster, a 1' ortllnaiice departments of his anny wi i- represented as ample and suitably local. - The troops, enco urnged bv tho lai - accessions of strength which they saw air ing daily, and which they knew were man !f ing rapidly to their support, were eager to i vance and confident In their Dower toachic c victory and recover the territory which th 1 had lost. Their position was such as tow; q rant the confident expectation of success resistance at least. Long mountain rang " penetrated by few and difficult roads a paths and deep and wide rivers, seemed i render our position one from which we coi not be dislodged or turned, while that oft : ,li,i,oiwlu?t fnr hla jimnlliij I, i c I nIo line or railroad from >ashvllle to t ? point where ha was operating was man I ft ,. ly perilous. The whole cotiiHry shared t ' hope which tnc government enter mined, II ? a decisive victory would soon bo won in i . mountains of Georgia, which would free i . South and West from invasion, would oi s to our occupat ion and the support of our p mles the productive territory of Tennes; r and Kentucky, and so rccrult our army the West as to render it Impracticable for I enemy lo accumulate andditional forces s Virginia. ' COULD THE WAR CONTINUE? 0 A ftci the surrender of Gen. Lee's army i Davis had no thought that the Mar was.o\ k On this point he says: 1 I had telegraphed to Gen. Johnstone fr ? Danville the report that Lee had suricndei , and on arriving at Greensboro' contlnur s requesting him to meet me there, where (J e Beau regard at the time had his headquarti ? iny object being to confer wllh both of th . tn regard to our present condition and fut A operations. Though I was fully sensible i the gravity of our position, seriously nflec .. its It was by the evacuation of the capital, e surrender of the Army of Northern VIrjrl nnu the consequent discountment wii Z these events would prodivco, I do not th. ? we should despair. Wo still had effective j mies In the field, and a vast extent of ricii i productive territory both east and west of j. Mississippi, whose citizens had evinced ,j a 1-position to surrender. Ample supplies I - l?fS;ii collected In the railroad depots s 0 much still remained to be placed at our dlf . snl when needed by the army in North c? Una. j The failure of several attempts lo 'open c gotlutlons with the Federal Government, i ? notably the last by commissioners who i ? President Lincoln nt Hampton Koads, < 8 viirccd me of the hopelessness under exist circumstances to obtain better terms ti were then offered?1. e., a surrender nt cretion. My motive, therefore* In holding d Interview with the senior generalsof ibear s In North C'nrollria was not lo learn their oj ion as to what might be done by ncgotlal ?- with the United States Government, but t derive from'them Information In regard to army under their command, and what it ' feasible and advisable to doas a military pi v lem. it The members of my Cabinet were aire advised as to the object of tho meeting, when the subject was Introduced to the f erols in that. From, Gen. Johnlon w r- reserved and sepmed Jar less Wkmj #nngu laJ-JHis^st^nTflcaiit!expression was that< c desire to open correspondence with Gen. SI t- man, to see If ho would agree to a suspend c of hostilllles, the object being to permit I i- civil authorities toenter Into tho needful i- rangements to terminate the existing v r Confident that tho United Stales Governm i- would not accept a proposition for such n< r tiatlons I distinctly express my conviction s that point, and presented ?k nn objection e such an effort that, so far as it should ex e delusive hopes and expeciations, its fall .. would have a demoralizing effect bot h on If troops and the people. Neither of them I -.shown any disposition to surrenderor liadi a reason to suppose that their government! .. I l/.mnlntnH Aim tlflnn i nir iffi trilftfL y It vHl thus be seen thnt my expectati e referee to above, caused adequate provlslo; I- be niuu? for tlie retreat, of our army if I :t result sln.-ild become necessary by the fail e of Ihe atUupt to open negotiations for honorable jnuce. I hiid never contempU >f a mrrendcr, except upon such tei m? as a i- llgcrent might claim, ns long as ue were i is to keep the lleld, and never expected a ( I- federate army to surrender while If i- able either to tlBhtor toretreat. Lee hade i- surrendered his army when It was Imposs o for him to doelther one or Ihe other; and d proudly rejected Grant's command, untl 1- found htm.-el I surrounded and his line ol i- treat blocked by a force much larger than e own. ?t Although he consented thnt Gen. Johns 0 might apply to Gen.Sherman foranannis the author Insists that "ie had little hope f ting could be accomplished by it, fie saj The opinion I entertained In regard to I' Ident Johnston and Ills venomous. Secret o of War, Sta ?.ton, did not penult me to ex] fhnt. tiipv would lie less vindictive after a K render of our army hud been proposed t > when it was regarded as a formidable b definitely holding its position in the fi Y- Whatever hope others entertained that >' existing War was about to bo peacefully d minuted, was soon dispelled by the rejec > of the basis of agreement on the part of "e Government of the United States, and u s-| tlcefiwo 'Jen. Sherman of termination of '? I armistice in forty-elglH hours alter noo t- thciMth of April, leOo. > (jen. Johnston communicated to me al substance of the above information recel lt- by him Irom Gen. Sherman, and asked to structlons. I huve neither his telegram my reply, but tan give substantially f memory. It was that he should retire \ J* ] his calvary and as many eniantry as coult mounted upon draught horses, and some I I artillery, tho rest of the lufuntry to bedlsl , j ded and a pluce of rendezvous appointed, " was unnecessary to say anything of the ro i us that had been previously ugreed on !{" supplies placed on It for his retreating ar ' This order wus disobeyed, and ho sought , ~ other interview with Sherman, to renew , attempt to reach un ugreemeut for u term ^ tlou of hostilities, la joiinston's sunrknnkr. ill The end wus soon reached, as describe* "f the following: je On the 28th? tho day on which the armls Lit teiminuted, Gen. Johnston again met ( ic Sherman, who offered tho same tcrms-wl hud been made with Gen. Lee, and he s "Gen. Johnston, without hesitation, a'jree< and we executed the following," which ie the surrender of Gen. Jobuston s troops, i ' thecondltlon of their being paroled and j officers being permitted to retalu theirs it arms, private horses and baggage. It I It is true that these were the terms acco] ... by Lee. but the condition of the two an was very different. Lee's supplies had I id nut off, his men were exhauster* by fat in and hunger, he had no relnforcementi view. Notwithstanding the immense su| orlty In numbers and equipments of the i to my pursuing, he had from point to p ?t tought them in rear and on both flunks, u- hud, the day before his line ot retreat n- closed, rejected thedemund for surrender, \r only yielded to it after his starving little n ;n had been surrounded by musses thro 111 which he tried to, but could not cut his \> [>* Johnston's line of retreat was open and j ?* plies had been placed upon It. His oav: ts wus superior to that of the enemy, as been proved in every conflict between tli Maury and Korrestand Taylor still had art In the Held?not large, but strong enoug I I j have collected around Ihein the men who . 11 left Johnston's arnty and gone to their ho 'j to escape a surrender, as well as those' plunder similar clreuinstaneos had left 1 The show of contiuutd resistance, I theh ,l, I lleved, as I still do, would have overcome 'j I depression which was spreading like at -?. i ...... ..i..i,,....... iiin /.finntpv. mid tii.ii the e Ill? i "'B1'v v' * Vl mv vwMWjf i ? i bitlon of u detcrtiiiiiaUon not lo leave our ,,.i litlc.il futureut the mercy of an enemy wl i'*| had for four years been striving to ?ubjU| ,1 ! the Slates uouid have led the liiiii'd SSti , I I authorities to do, us Mr. Lincoln had I i cated?give any terms which might be fo JTi ntccisary speedily to terminate the exis ir I war.y Had Gen. Johnston obeyed the order i to him from Charlotte, and moved on . j route selected by himself, with all his ca Jz ry, ho much of the Infantry as could be mo .. ; ed, and the light artillery, he could not li ' | been successfully pursued by Gen. Shern | His force, united to that I had assemble! Churlolte, would. It was believed, have t "7' sutllclent to vanquish nny troops which ' i ; enemy had between us and the Mississ I River. ,i I Hud the cavalry with which I left Chnrl '" 1 been associated with a force large enougl 7, ! inspire hope for the future, Instead of b! " j discouraged by the surrender In their rea would probably have gone on, and, when i ' ted with thefbrcesof Maury, Forrest audi :.! lor, in Alabama and Mississippi, have coi ! ted hu army large enough to attract strags I, I and revive the dropping spirits of the cc ? try. In tiie worst view of the case It she I have been able to cross the truns-Mississ ! Department, and there uniting with th< i mies of K. K. Smith and Mugruder to forn army, which in the portion of that coui a-1 abounding in supplies and deficient in rl' Is tilid railroads, could have continued the until ourenemy, foiled In the purpose of i Jugallon, should, In accordance, with his dt peatcd declaration.havengrecd on the bas s? i a return to the Union, to acknowledge >K l constitutional rights of the States and t <e j convention or quasi treaty to guarantee si . rlty of ] ersoti and property. ^ TMK CAPTURE OK BAVH. ic Tho account of the fleeing Tresldout's < )0 turc Is lit st told In Ills own words, as folio After a short time I was hailed by a vt which I recognized as that of my prii " secretary, who iniornied me that the mam .j ers had b< on hanging around Hie camp, v that he and others were oil post around It * were cxpectlig an assault us soon as j moon went down. A silly story had " abroad that It was a treasure train, and < .p sacra fames had probably instigated tl ,R marauders, as it subsequent stimuli " Uen. J. IT. Wilson to swiid out TWlargo fore ' capture the same train. For the protectld } my family I traveled with them two or tli ' days, when, belioviug that they had pas !? I out of the region of marauders, I dctermi: ro | to leave their eneamiinientat nightfall, to i ecu to my original purpose. My horse i those of my party proper were saddled punitory to a start, when one of my si who had ridden Into the neighboring villi o returned and told me that he had hearu t a marauding party Intended to attack party that night. Tills decidcd me to v .'f | Ion>{ enough to see whether there was i j. truth in the rumor, which I supposed wo | be ascertained In a few hours. My horse '*! malued saddled and my pis'ols in ilie I it] sters, and I lay down, fully dressed, to r d | Nothing occurred to rouse mo until bel dawn, when my coachman, a free eolo w I man, who faithfully clung to our fortui d came and told mo that there was tiring o a tlie branch, Just jeliind our encampment steppod out of my wife's tent and saw so '* horsemen, whom I immediately rccogni i- as cavalry, deploying around the encai ( ment. I turned back and told my wile tl; " Wero not,'.ne expected marauders, but regi 6 troopers/ She implored mo to leave hei once. i-hcsUated, from unwillingness to so, amf lost a few precious moments bel j. yielding to her Importunity. My horse i ,f arms were neur the road ou which I ex poo to ioaye, and down which tho cavalry proae(jod; it was therefore impracticable t i r I ' ? To ! reach them. T wan compelled to start in the to opposite direction. As It vvu.i quUe c.ark in h. t ie lent, I picked up what was supposed to ug oe my "raglun." u waterproof, light overcoat, without sleeves; It was subsequently founu I as to bo my wife's, so very like my own ast>le mistaken for It; as I staited, nw wife at thoughtfully threw over my head and shouldnd ers u shawl. I hod gone perhaps fifteen or twenty yards win n a trooper galloped up anil nt onieied me to halt and surrender, lowhl h I gave a defiant answer, and dropping .ho by shawl and ruglan from iny shoulders, advanced toward him. He levelled his carbine ik. nt. m?i. hut I exueeted If he llred he would ist miss me, and iny Intention was In that event h- to put my hand under his foot, ttimble him off the other side, spring into It in Huddle and ig- attempt to escape. My wlfo, who hud been lis watching, when she saw the coldfer aim his it? carbine at tne, ran forward and threw her eh arms around me. Success depended on Inid stantueousaetlon,and.recognizing that theophe portnnity had been lost, 1 turned back, and it. the morning being damp and chilly, passed | . y on to a tire beyond the tent. Our pursuers sec had taken different roads, and approached lit- our c:imp from different directions; they enof countered each other and commenced firing, he botli supposing they hird met our armed esall cort, and some carnal ties resulted from their I'd. conflict with an Imaginary body of Confedertil ate troops. During the confusion, while atnd tcnlloii was concentrated upon myself, except In- by those who were engaged In tho pillage, to one of my aides. Col. J. Taylor Wood, with us Lieut. Harnwell, walked off unobserved. Ills :ut daring exploits on the sea had made him on so- the part of the Federal Ooverninent an object ee, of special hostility, aud rendered it quite Ide proper that heshould avail himself of every ?n. possible meant of escape. Col. Prltchard nd wcut over to their battlefield, and I did not on see him fora long time, surely more than an lie hour after my capture. Ho subsequently nd claimed errdit. In a conversation with me-, for 'or- the forbearance shown by his men in not ip- sliootlnp me when 1 refused to surrender, nd Wilson and others have uttered many ialsere hoods in regard to my capture, which have ed. been exposed In publications by'persons there rge present?by Secretary Reagan, by the nroiniv bers of my personal staff, and by the colored ch- coachman. .Jim Joaes, which must have nd- been convincing to all who wtre not given !vc over to believe a lie. For this reason I will ley postpone to some other lime ana more nppronr prtat'6 place any further notleo of the story ful and Its variations, nil the spawn of a mutinies, nity that shames the civilization of the age. nd We were, when prisoners, subjected to petty to pillage. ild lie LINCOLN'S ASSASSINATION. lie On one subject of the assas.^-atson of Mr. 1st. Lincoln Mr. Davis writes:? he Wearrlvedat Charlotteon April 18,1865,nnd liat I there received at the moment of dlsmountLhe ing a teleurnm from General Rrccklnrldgc anHie noimclng, on Information received from Uen>en eral Siierman, that President Lincoln had ar- been ussasslnated. An Influential citizen of see the town, who had come to welcome me, was in standing near me, and, after remarking to Lhe him In a low voice that I had received sad lulu telllgcncc, 1 handed the telegram to him. Some troopers encamped In the vicinity had collected to see me; they called to the gentle* .. man who hp.J the despatch In his hand to Mr- read It, 110 doubt supposing It to be army er' news. lie complied with their request, and A few, only Uikl/13 In the fact but not. appreciating the evil It portended, cheered as was natom uraj nt news of the fall of one they considered 'V.u? their worst powerful foe. The man who I11n vented the story of my having read the despatch with exultation had free scope for his 2,s' lmaulnation.as he was not present, and had et}' no chance to know whereof ho hure witness, ,ur? even If there had been any foundation of ' !*[ truth for Ids fiction. xea for an enemy so relentless In the War for subjugation we would not he expected to mourn; yet, in view of Its political conso.,C{J ouonces, it could not be regarded otherwise ",K than ns a great misfortuno to the South. He "r: had power over the Northern people and was without personal malignity toward the peotne pie of the South, Ills successor was without 110 <_ . i.? ? ?,i ,1,^ nf ""j I?MV?1 II. llltiiAUll.ll IIIJU HIT; ( uuituinii, VI ""J malignity toward the -Southern people, perhaps the more so because he had betrayed und ir<> deserted them in the hour of their need. General Sherman, In his "Memoirs"(vol, II., np. page &I9), referring to a conversation between himself and General Johuston at their first meeting, writes? >on. I told him I could not believe t.hnt he or Gen lnK eral I.,ec, or the officers of ihc Confederate. ian army, could possibly be privy to acts of as (ljs. s.usiniitlon, but I would not say as much for -nn Jeff Davis, George Sunders and men of his :my Stripe. jji,. On this I have but two remarks to make: Ion ?First, tbnt I think there were few officers In | to the Confederate army who would have pert|ie mlttcd such a slanderous Imputation to be vvas made by a public enemy against the chiet ex ob e^ntlve of their government; second, that I could not va'ue the good opinion of the man a(j.. who, In regard to the burning of Columbia, and ninde a CuIhc charge ngninst General Wade ,en. Hampton, and, hav&j? left It Circulate frec.'vrr !}'-&#' tea years, then in'TifarpurTMnt'cTiH^ttfors in^ makes this disgraceful admission 3fn' In my official report of this conflagration I ier. distinctly charged It to General Wude Ilamplon ton, and confess 1 did so pointedly to shake |10 the faith of his people In him, <4e. ar- winz. ^r- In relation to the charge that an attempt ?g(V was made to subon Wirz and have him implli on cate Davis In cruel treatment to prisoners, to the author cites several pieces of testimony, of which the following Is perhaps the most the poiutcd:? IIo>*. Jefferson* Davis:? ,0n- Dear Sir?* * * I know that, on tne evening be'ore the day of execution of Major ons Wirz, a man vlslteu me, on the part of u cabn t0 Inet officer, to Inform me that Major Wlrz liat would be pardoned If he would Imp leute Jefure ferson Davis In the cruelties of Anderson-] an viije. No names were given by this messon-l lied ?t-r< undt upon my refusal to rake any action t,ei_ in the matter, he went to Mr. Louis fchade, ,bie counsel lor Major Wtrz, with the same purpose on. and with a like result-. was When I visited Major Wlrz the next morninI v ing be told me that the same proposal had jhl>. been inado to him and had bs.cn rejected with had sc,)rn* Major was very Indignant n;?il I |U, said that, while he was Innocent of the cruel f rc. charges for which he was about to suffer ),1S death, he would not purchase his liberty by perjury and a crime such as was made the condition of his freedom. I attended the Mauon jor i0 l|1c scuiToid. lie died In the peace of God lice and praying for his enemies. I know lie was lDy. indeed Innocent of all the cruel charges on , which his llfo was sworn away, and I was edi8 lied by the christian spirit In which he sub'res nutted to his persecutors. Uiry Yours very truly, F.E.BOYLE. I ect In other case of the fabrication of evidence t-ur- by some of the authorities In Wasliinton relalmn live lo myself It will be sutllclent here tonreodv sent what others have said and done. The eld. subject Is noticed In these pages only to show the the desperato extremities to which the agents ler- of the government of the Unlteil States uroilon eeeded in order to compass my Ignominious the death. Three principal measures were resurtno ed to for the accomplishment of this Object? the ihe charge In t he case of Wlrz above mentionn or c I, ihc fabrications In the <s ae now underconrideration and ihc cruel and iu human treatthe ment Inflicted upou mo wiille a prisoner in ived Fortress Monroe. r In- __________________ nor ? ? ;'3j State of South Carolina, mn- County of Abbeville. 'utel " IN THE PROBATE COURT. an J In the matter of the Estate of A. A. Noble, my. deceased. .a" Fetltion for Final Discharge. inu- V OTICE is hereby clven that J?,hn F. Cali> houn, Executor o'f A. A. Noble^deceased, has mudc upplication to this Court lor a dlirchntge from his trust, iin Ordered, that Friday, the 8tli of July, 1881, be appointed us the day for the settlement of . the estate* and discharge of the Executor. 100 All persons interebted will take due notice. J??- . J. FULLEK LYON. ?cn June?, 1881, 5t Judge of Frobato. J to. Bridge to Let. ide? rpfIE ^REBUILDING OF THE BRIDGE AT 1 SEAltLE'S MILL will be let to the lowest nted responsible bidder on SATURDAY the lltli. ;,le" of JUNE, 1881?1^ o'clock, m. ,pen Specifications made known on above day? (gue JAMES T. BASKIN, .IK., ,in Comflilssiouer. 5eri" May 25,1S81, 2t eneI THE HEAVIEST, 3 ODOELES I Machine Oil, II ICS ll to At 65 Cents per Gallon. Lee" 5 Gallons, or over, 60 Cents per Gallon. & H. W. LAWSON & CO. iloh May 25, 1S8I, tf Sate utes zj Marshall P. DeBruhl, Affnrnptr nt. T,aw. sent ? "j the ABBEVILLE C. H. S. C. vulLint iavc Hi State of South Caroliua, icon | ' ippi County of Abbeville. oUc IN THE PROBATE COURT. | In the matter of the estate of Lewis Covin, '" ? deceased. 11*11 i-1E* Parte P. A. Covin and S. R. Morrah, Executorsand Petitioners. istl- Petition for Settlement and Discbarge. If'"8 XTOTICK ls hereby given that P. A. Covin ii li and 8. R. Morrah, executors, as aforesaid ! [ul, J have this day filed theirpetitlon in tills Court, JPP11 praying for a settlement of, and discharge from their trust. ' an It Is ordered. That Tuesday the 21st day of; ury I June next, bo fixed for settling the saides-i ^rs tatc, and granting the discharge as prayed for. )vl}r Given under my hand and the seal of this1 5Ul> Court, this May 11th A. I>. 1WI. ,re; J. FULLER LYON, 's,? ProDate Judge A. C. ?? Mny 17) 18a, 4t ecui | | w. I WAGON AND BUGGY WORK. i j. btbaker, i and I tho | r_T AS Just recelvedan improved Tire Pender1 got J."|. and Up-Sctter, whlcli enables him to turi \ shrink Wagon and Buggy Tires without cut-[ lese j ting, which stroiiKthcns the weaker places, i ?ed ! All work In this line will be done In a first-1 |t<>; cla^s manner at the cheapest rates. Consult ot|j-our interest and take your vehicles for re^ iree pairs to S J. B. BAKER, nti?l Washington Street. P .- Abbeville. May IS, 1881, tf hat! \r ALSOMINE. the IV. EDWIN PARKER. rn.it May 18,1S81, 2t ijis ; OILS! OILS! est, J T.rERO.SINK OIL, Tanner's Oil, Machine rore : JLV Oil, Sowing Machine Oil. red j EDWlfl P ARK Ell. H-'S, jjay IS, 1881, 2t mo1 BOOKS ,zetJ i A !"' Hymn Honks, Gospel Hymn's No. nip-j Tanuer's Calechlsni. i?^ EDWIN PARK Ell. | May 18,1881,2t do | r?? jjg Assorted Paints led I ? N 1 pound boxes, and Varnish Brushes, op- i E. PARKER, to j May 18,1881, at A.M. HILL sc & SONS, Dealers in Groceries and Farmers' * - Supplies of every Description. Abbeville, S.C. i v Dec. 15, IS80,.. isroxicE i m mm\ THE County Auditor hereby gives notice that returns of real and personal property, subject to taxation, will be received at?h? following placcs, ou the days designated bfr= ' low, viz: SALUDA SIDE, Ninety Six, 1st, 2nd and 3rd of June; Donnuldsvllle,7th arid 8th of Jnne: Due West, 9th and 10th of June. Ilodges Depot, ltth and 1.3th of Juti<?; Greenwood, lflth, 17th and ISth of Janes Evans' Mill, 20th and 21st of June. White Hall, 23d and 2-lth of June. Chiles' Cross Reads. 28th and 20th ot June? SAVANNAH SIDE. V ' s, , Abbeville Court Housej 1st, 2nd and 3rd 8f, June. WIckllfTs, 6th nnd 7th of June. Mountain View, 8th of June. Lownde:>viHe,9lb of June-. Smith's Cross Roads, 10th of June. Calhoun's Mills, 2Ctli nnd21sL of June* McKettriek's Mills, 22nd olj tine. Dorit's Mine, 23d of June. Cedur Springs,'2Jth of June. Hester's .Store, 27th of June. Arch K. Watson's, 2Sth of June. I H-WfwJtfe/d's, 39tTi olf JuncI^-- -- ?f ~ Capt. James Trait's, 1st of July. In addition to the appointments nbofB nmde for Abbeville Court House, I would mention tl:at the office will be open for re* ceivlng returns on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday of Court week, and from the 1st to the 20th of July. V. J. T. PARKS, AUDITOR. " May i, 1S81, tf . , ALL persons having demand? ngnlnst th?J estate of the Uitc J. W. ROBERTSON ' will present them duly nticMOd, ?nd all thosd Indebted to the sunie will make immediate > payment to BENJ. S. BARNWELL, my duly authoilzed agent. AGNES B? ROBERTSON, Administratrix March 10,1681, tf New RIM M Lawson & Wardlaw ABBEVILLE, S Or HAVE opened a new stock of FURNITURE over the store of A. M. Hill A Son, and will be pleased to receive a call from their* friends. Their stock consists of every variety of FURNITURFO usually kept in a flraUclas* store. All of whlcii Is offered at prices to salt thetimest Keh.-2rl.18Sl.tf Barber Shop. rpHE undersigned respectfully informs tW 1 rubllc thht lie hus recently removed his Tonsorial Emporium to the hall above Nor- . wood Brother's store, where lie Is prepared to accommodate his customers, and the public generally In hair cutting, Bhampooing, shaving, dyeing, in tbe best style, and at reason-* able prices. . Terms per month for hiilf-cuttinr, sham. pooiug and shaving, only ?1.U). ltespectfully, Eichard Gantt. RAILROAD NOTICE, Subscribers to tno capuai skkk oi wo Atlantic and French Urond Vnlley Railroad arc hereby notified that tho first Instalment Is now called for. Prompt payment Is required, as the work Is to be begun at once and will be pushed vigorously. By order of W. K. Bradley, President A.auil f. 11. v. n. r. J. W. PERRIN, Treasurer* Treasurer's Office, Abbeville. May 10,1?S1> T. L. CALHOUN, M. D. Surgeon and Physician, ABBEVIiiLE, S. <JOffick?Inrenrof O.T.Calhoua'slaw ofllce? March 23,1881, J2m ~A. B. C. LINDSAY, DENTIST, |Practical and Operative, HAVING attended the Lccturcs of thd Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery otters his professional services to the public a* a Dentist and Oral surgeon. Calls through the country attended to. All work wurrunt* cd and charges reasonable. | Residence 5 miles cast of Calhoun Mills, South Carolina. June 10, I860; Rat Poison. HORSE. Cnttlc and Man's Liniment; Light nlngLlnlmeut, Sowing Machine Oil, very Hue, Nerve and lJouo Llnlmertf. EDWIN PARKER. April 13, lfSl, 2t _ POWELL'S "DEEF, Co<l, Liver Oil and Pepsine; a valua " bio tonic, flesh gcueratorand notunpleafi* ant to the tAste. E. PARKER. Anril 13, 1881, 2t BARKER'S CIELEI3 RATED Horse and Cattle PowderSj ; EDWIN PARKER. Mftrch 16,1881,2t Lumb er. PARTIES having Hard Lumber, Ashe, Hickory, and white-oak, can |tlnd ?aT? for the tuine at SEAL & McILWAINE'S, Carriage shops, Abbeville, S. C. March 10,1881 If cigars: the following popular brands of 5-CENT 1 SEGA Its, Solon Shingle* Onr Firm, Live Oak, Eureka* AND THE CELEBRATED Ctilhoun Chewing Tobacco, and Little Jtkcr Smoking Tobacco; -ATCunningham & Templeton's* April 20,1*80, tf The W1 lliamslof"FeiairColI^e RKSPKrrKr/.r.Y offers Its services to those parents who desire to secure for their daughters, the thorough and sy in metrical culthation of their physical, Intellectual, and moral pow-* ers. li Is conducted on what Is called the "ous-stu27" plait. with a Semi-Annual Covksi; of Study; and, by a sjstem of Tultional Premiums. Its Low Rates are mado still lower for ALL who average 85 per cent. No Public Exercises. No 'Reception*." Graduation, which is always private, muy ocj cur eltrht times u year. For mil information, write for an IIlustra4 ted Catalogue. ' Address, REV. S. LANDER, President, Oct27,SO,iy WU-iamutoii, s. C? A