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1 : W The Press and Banner. | Bv HUGH W ILSON & W. C. 11ENET * - i , j Wednesday, April 9, 1879, i -? i The Eyil# of Patronage.?Work for| Senator Uutler. Senator M. C. Butler is Chairman of; the Senate Committee on Civil Service atul Retrenchment. In the fortv-tifth Con-! Kress lie did good work ; lit; lias Rood | work on hand now in the forty-sixth Congress which we hope and we feel sure he will carry on to successful completion. \ South Carolina feels grateful to him for what he has already done for Charleston, I and our State is tilled with that other1 1; In/] i\f tn lihn \vhii*h miisistft in u lively sense of favours yet to come, j to wit, an appropriation for tho navigation of the Savannah. But we modestly propose to map out for him higher and j greater work than anything he yet has; done, in which if lie shall be successful | he will earn and receive the heartfelt; thanks of the whole country South and North, of the {*>od tttvn of both parties; Democrat and ftettfebiifcan, of his co-tempor.vics and of posterity. We think he! is tho right man trt do it>, and if w* take not he is in the rig*it ptkeet(S it! done. This is the \vork w*e "ask hiln to:' take in hand?the abridgement and cur-1 tailment of the iniquitous and monstrous1 system of "official system i which places at the absolute attd arbitrary disposal of the President and tho rul-j ing administration (fne hundred and ten \ thousand public ofllccs. Think of the tre-j. mentions power represented by these hun- j1 dredantf thousand offices. It means | the support of one hundred and tgn thou- : wand families, in other words, of half aj million people; for the wife and ehil- \ dren of each office-holder, "and his sis-' tors and his cousins and his aunts'' are 1 all deeply interested in the office and In j: tho President and party that dispensed it.; Was there ever a power like unto tbinj placed in thg hand of any despot? It is;' too vast to be wielded wisely .or well bj'M any President or any party. It Is a poW-1 er too dangerous and terrible It) be eh-i! trusted by tho people to tho keeping and i! control of fthy President or any party. |' It was not foreseen nor intended by the j founders or this republic. Small at first i1 like tho grain of mustard seed it hasi1 grown to be the greatest of all trees and the roosting place of the foulest of all j1 birdsi Year after year it is growing 1 greater and grater and its vigor is in in- j verse ratio to the political health of this j J country. The time has come when the:1 axe should be laid to the root of this tree,!1 for it cumbers the ground, impregnates !J tho air with its poisonous influences, and ;J it should be cut down. The hatchet of!' Washington is a famous tool, but greater ]1 in song and story will bo the axo of the j' man who With sturdy blows shall lay low j' this Upas-tree system of official patron-;] age. , j' Lo?>k at tho calamitous efTccts of this * system seo how it banishes tho best . men from the political arena, and fosters ^ the growth of tho most dangerous enemy | **?r% rvf/?facctAn r\f ftnrl I HI iJWUUJ ? J/iV?V?-7iWM vr* jwaavawM** ??? | demagogues who go Into politics /or a! livelihood. S?~o how it produces ringsj and cliques, the perpetrators, aiders and j t abettors of corruption and thievery. See|t how itembittersmen's minds at elections, I endangers the national peace, and turns , tho whole country into ?rough-and-tum-> ble scramble and strugglo fer plunder' and public money every four years. j( Think of the temptations it places before nil our citizens, from the individual voter * ( to Congress and the Electors, to commit j nnd condono fraud in presidential elec- . tions. Think of all the other evils which . tho system breeds and which will occur to any intelligent reader. ThispoWer of oflicial patronage is the! greatest danger of our country and ourj, time: it alteady has almost brought death,, tt> our liberty and it certainly is the pro-;, lucor of nearly all our pol:tical woes. L That was a snd day for the republic when ] the fallacious doctrine was established j | that in politics as in war *'to the victors bo-1 , long the spoils,"?as if tho government J, of the country and the public treasury t were to be considered as a prize lor the ] successful party and a pension-fund for 11 its faithful servants as if the people | had made up a purse of money to be given as a reward to the fastest runner in the presidential race :~as if this whole country were a Gilmore's Garden and our presidential candidates were a Kowell and an O'Leary. Acting on this viciou* doctrine, behold some of tho^victors" who shared in the last distriWition of the "spoils"?Noyes and th^ptuers who manipulated the Floj^rtHection, Sujughtoh and the othej^vvho managed Louisiana, that unclean bird Corbin j for whom a comfortable nest has been fur- > nished in Utah. ^ The system must bd improved if thei country is ever to Chjot an assured peace j and pure elections: It must bo improv-1 ed almost entire abolition. Why should j the President hav*) anything to do with I a village post-master ? No doubt an ele- j pliant can pick up a pin, but such a thing] is beneath elephiitltino dignity. And what right has any party to have a vast army of one hundred and ten thousand recruiting sergeants, political drummers, .stationed in every nook aud corner of this groat country, holding their office an a rewa.d for party service, certain to lose it if they aro not loyal to party? IIow long will this republic sutler this sj'stem ; i?i uiiiuidi pauuiia^i; iu v# v c?iu it like some monstrous polypus, with myriud feet and feelers that reach iuto its remotest recesses ? A certain amount of appointing power should be reserved for a party and its President; but it should be very limited. Let the President have, of course, the power to select and appoint his own Cabinet. Let the ruling Administration exercise its legitimate right to till with men of its own party any vacancies in other public offices that may occur by death, promotion or resignation, but it should not creato these vacancies when it comes into power. Let office-holders other than cabinet officers hold their places ad vitam j aut cxtlpam, for life or good beha%*jour, irrespective of their party affiliations and 1 regarding only their competency. Let! vacancies bo filled from time to'jtime by ; party followers, but not made for them. Then office-holders will be something | better than mere sycoplm.itic loyal parti-1 v. sans, and the country will reap tho beue-1 lit of tboir experienceand efficiency gain- \ ed by long service. And It might bo pos-? sible to see in Amcrica a sight similar to ! one recently beheld in England when aj Tory government appointed as minister! to St. Petersburg the Whig, Earl Dutfer-1 in, simply because of his noted oompe-i tency. We print Jn another column some ex-; tracts from the majority report of the Potter Committee on this important sub-1 ject, and we hope our readers and Senator , M. C. Butler will read, mark, learn and; inwardly digest the thoughtful words. "The Large Majority (ff Men Go: Armed." With reference to our recent article on j the al>ovo saying of Judge Aldriich, ourj iiKteemcd co-terrrporarr. tho Greenville I Sens, whilo courteously quoting and commending to its renders several extracts therefrom, says? a "While wo wholly dissent from tbe position that Judge Aldrk'h and the Press] and lianner take, we are sorry to confess! that a yrr.at many of oor citizens do carry concealed weapons, and we com mend to our readers the extracts from the leader of our neighbor.'' ? N "Now for Judges, Juries nud Goyer-j nor* !" "Tho Southern Press lias done its part. | Now fur Judges, Juries and Governors !! Tho hanging of two or throo "gentool" | murderers tvMII stop the bloody pistol|( lnisiness. Nothing else will. Every one |i of the assassins relies on his money or]j his connections to save him. Treat the I rich and influential as tho poor and;' friendless are treated, and they will!J think twice before they shf>ot once." I < So says the Charleston yeus and Cou-1| rief in a little leader, very short, very j trUe, and very strong. It furnishes usj, with tv Rood and appropriate toxi from > | which wp could preach our people a time- < ly sermon of several columns if neces-1 nary; for there is much that could b? j ] Raid and much that should be Haiti on L this "bloody pistol business." But we', agree with the News and Courier that the i So\i I hern Press has done its part; and: the readers of the i*rea? and lianner will j agree with us thttt In our columns wo! have done our part in calling public at- j' tontion to this subject; in other words, |' enough has been mid,?it is high tiniej' now that something sfcould bo done, j1 And Judges, Juries and Governors are J the tnun whom we must look to if it is to < bedotie. Aro they the men who will do;' it? Let us see. llore no arguments are! neededt facts are lorthcoming. Ah for!" our Jiulgvs, Vi-Vi believe wo now have on J1 tho bekicti in the South, certainly in this |1 State, men who will do their duty in try-11 ing to put a stop to the pistol business. I' We have in mind as wo write the charge* i' made recently by two Southern Judges to j' the juries on pistol-murder cases?the i1 I'oindexter trial in Richmond and the I Dont trial in Columbia. In each case tht? | judge, if we mistake not, seemed to bfti convinced of the guilt of the accused,? j and after a careful examination of the j published evidence in both ease*, such a ' conclusion did not astonish us. Their I interpretation of the law and application < of it to the testimony ^roVcd a sincere ( desire on their part to protect society ; against homicidal lawlessness, no matter | who or of w hut race or rank the ,law-, ( breaker might be. While it is too much , to oxpect every Southern judge to be thd! equal of Judge Thomson in learning, woj bolievo that with very few exceptions i .Southern judges are as anxious and ear-1 tiest and honest as he is in endeavoring to;1 check "this bloody pistol business." ' As for Juries:?will they do their du- * ty? Are they doing their duty? Didj' they do it in the two trials mentioned ? i < Hie Poindextor case resulted in a mis-1 { trial. The jury in the Dent case return-j J ?d a verdict of "not guilty." The plea in i i both cases was ealf-defence. The Dent!1 1 jury evidently considered that if A isji ifraid B will kill him, although t3 shows i ] no weapon and has none to shn\v, A is '1 justified in drawing his pistol and killing 11 B? in self-defence! Let thoso who read;1 ;he published testimony in those cases'' lay whether or not the juries did their]' iuty. One is certainly forced to this con- j t slnsion?that it is a very difficult work j { ndeod to convineo a Southern white jury j 1 >f the guilt of a Southern white man, [J ;ven if tho Southern white man be!t juilty. We wish we could depend on tho ! j juries as confidently as on tli9 judges, but |( ? , 1 ?u?n ! ? I seems tvo cnnnui ; uuu niu*-vu v nuuu lot bo able to do so until Society?the jrcatest of all juries?has distinctly and luthoritatively pronounced itn verdict of jondemnatlon on tho habit of carrying ind the crime of hastily and needlessly ising pistols. We can depend on our Governors, ["hero was a time when pardons were told at prices ranging from ten dollars' lpwards, but that was under the mod-1 >rn Mosaic dispensation, when not only I )ur radical governor but other Southern | governors found it more profitable to ieep voters alive and at libortj- than to mprison or hang them. Now tho scene s changed, and our enlightened governors can bo couu ted ou to do their duty as chief magistrates. To the three classes named by the Xeuia j xnd Courier?Judges, Juries and Gover-I [jors--wc would add two more,?Society uid the Clergj-. Let public opinion be pronounced in its opposition to "this bloody pistol business," and let tho pul pil UtlCr do unuertaiu huuiiu 111 ^ the people tho full moaning of the sixth 1 lommandmeut, and then wo slrall see J that juries too will do their duty, and c render righteous verdicts in murder 1 trials not only when the accused is a nogro or a poor white man, or a friendless tramp, but when he is a rich man, a so- j called "gentleman'' and a member of "good society." The Deadlock in Washington?Princl- j j plo Against Power. I Tho prolonged debate in Congress on , the Appropriations still continues. Many f speoshes have been made on both sides, | and some of them wero wise and some ( were foolish. It is evidently the set pur- < pose of Garfield, Robeson and their Re- ' publican followers, not only to feel the ; \ pulso of the country as to anti-Southern j J sentiment, but to quicken and irritate i that pulse by most embittering attacks and by shouting the old cry?"Tho Kepupiic's in danger!" Some Democrats, and they not tho wisest, have jumped at i tho bait and delivered flirious philippics,! but the cooler judgment of men like' Blackburn, Hurd and McLane has in the main held their party in good hand and saved the Domocrttcy from its friends. In another c'oldtnn will bo found some in-' terestlng portions of the debate. j? A vote was taken on the Army Appro-. iation Dill last Saturday, and the repeal-j' ing section was carried by tho Democrats; as follows:?yeas, 148^ nays, 1?% majofl ty, 26:?a strict party vote. Not a vote was lost or gained by ull tho oratory. All j the Grcenbackors except two votod yea. j Will Hayes veto it? The House adjourn- j od u/jtil yesterday. The Democrats had the best of tho ar-' gument, and tho strongest points made' werobylJurd of Ohio, and McLane of, Maryland. These two put the whole j controversy in a nutshell. Huril cstab-1 lished tho fact that the right of suffrage! emanates from the respective States, notj from the United States, and that there-1 fore the Federal Government cannot in-1 fringe on State rights in this particular.: It is amusing to see how McLane shot ! one arrow at Robeson while he was soar- j iug in inidairand the great ex-Secretary j bird gollapsed and tumbled to the; ground. McLane simply nsked "the gentleman from New Jersey" this ques- | tion, "Do I understand him to say that! the government of the United States has j the right to keep tho peace anywhere within a State? Do I understand him to say that thero is any "peace of tho United States" at all recognized by the Supreme Court of tho United States?" In vain did Robeson try to dodgo the question and equivocate ; in vain did tho j alarmed Republicans shout to their discomfited loader, "Ob, go on." Ton | times did the persistent McLane bring him back to the point, and when at last! McLane said, "Tho gentleman from Now ! J ersey understands very well that the Su-1 prome Court of the United States has de-1 cided that it has no power or jumrf/c-j Hon," all that Robeson could retort was; "Tho gentleman shall have a chance to speak on this subject in his own time." NVo give our readers also the President's view of the matter ; and they will be surprised to find that Hayes thinks! the Army too insignificant to bo objected j to at elections. There won'.t be a soldier, I j he says, to sparo for election day ! The South has lost many things but it retaihs Jfcs memory aud knows how soldiers were brought from the Indian frontier in 187G to garrison Southern States and elect a republican President,?were mustered in Washington to secure his inauguration. Hayes has a memory too, and all the poe- j try we wish to quote for him is "Lord Angus, thou l>a*t Jlfd!" 2 A : Taking up the Gage." 55 811 BLACKBURN PICKS UP GARFIELD'S u? GORY GAUNTLET; $ nt pc Spectre of the "Man on HoirSv? Back\" tii ec I be Coutinontlon of Debate in the House | nn ! ? I'he Army Approprintioh JUil!?i'aj I lilacLburn Vents His Fiery I)eclA-;?p J muliou?An Aggressively Power In I j [j,4; * ..Hi. H.I1 I'.ml _M Ijrmyil !!! Ml "Justice." Under tliis heading our pleasant cotemporary, the Darlington Southerner, takes us to task for the "head" we put in our columns on the Timmonsville homicide. It gives a fuller account of the killing of the negro tramp by the watchman than w:i8 previously published, ami we ;iro glad to lind that the meagre telegram was more particular as to tne verdict ol the jury of inquest than as to the facts on which it was rendered, and that the conduct of the watchman was not so reprehensible as it .-.^pcarcd in the telegram. Still it in hard to understand how the watchman acted "in self-defence" when he shot and killed the negro who was running away from him. We did not and jo not mean to do the watchman injustice. ^ Kallroad Schedule. The Charleston Xeu .i and Courier holds up our hands in our last week's ell'ort to bring about a more accommodating schedule on the Groenvilleand Columbia, and the South Carolina, railroads. It publishes a strong and convincing loader jn the subject, and gives some most interesting facts which ought to have weight oven with railroad officials. Let jur other journals fall into line and ask tor the desired boon auck it may be that sur "continual coming" at the railroad Dfticials and "wearying" thwm, like the "importunate widow" of Scripture, wc dial I succeed in iuduclng them to grant jur request. We publish the JVettvt a?t<J Conner's article in another columu. Beecher on the "Celestials.'* Our readers will rind in our columns this morning a very interesting lecture L>y Henry Ward Jleechcr on the Chinese question. It if) full of information. Xho exodus of colored people from the South for Kansas continues, and hundreds arrive in St. Louis every day. Many now passing through are of the better class, and have money enough for their expenses. Labor in Louisiana is disorganized and the merchants and farmers are at a loss to know what to do; <'Donnybrook Journalism." Our Columbia cotemporary, The 7/rriren, a .veil conducted and Independent Journal, onlorses our recent leader on "Donnvbrook lournnllsm," and adds to our artlclc and arjunients the following : In a thoughtful and pointed article under ;he above caption, the Abbeville J'resi and Manner gives the editorial fraternity some ivliolesome advice about the captious, quarreliomc. intolerant dispositions too often uiani'osted by the State press. lie thinks the (nights o; the ?]Uill arc too quick on trigger, ind too much Inclined to waste their precious nnuiiitlononwiiull game. The Sir Oracle ol :he press considers himself supreme, from .vhose decision there is no appeal, from the ilmple fact that there Is no higher court; and ivhen he speaks let no dog bark. This is all /cry foolish when viewed from a common icnsc stand-point. In this country, by fiction >f law, all men arc considered free and equal; ind one man has as good a right Sk enjoy hid >wn opinion and promulgate it, too, as anoth;r. Hut this right seems not to be always recognized by the tripod, and every man must je stretched out or cut off, till he fits the Iron jed-stcad of the head centre, which every cdl;or, more or less, conceives himself to be. Edtors should be the most generous and tolerant wople In the world, as no other class, calling >r profession have more sins to be covered by he mantle of charity than they. They should illow the largest latitude to every man's oplnon, and be oxceeding lenient to those who lUu.rp.u. u-llti fill.Ill nuiiii/ii u 11If tl.nlr nimrL null ?ivui,<.irvill>ll,l *1 W?VI1 icnt Is an editor. Just think what a stale, 1at, monotonous and drowsy state of aftalrs ,vould exist, If every editor in the State would ^spouse the same cause and advocated the mine principles. We hope never to see the ?dltorml millenium, when the pen shall he jcutcu Into plow-shares and the scissors Into jrunlng-hooks, and editor shall 110 longer lift ap pen against editor, und thepress shall learn *ar no more. Hut then there in a good-natur!d. genteel way of lighting, and as shedding 11k seems to he an unavoidable necessity, let t be done according to the most modern nnd ipproved fashion. The Press ami JBannrr loses its nrtlelc with a paragraph, which we -omniend to the serious ami thoughtful eoniideratlon of our brethren of the quill.?Cbumbia lieaeun. Our valued friend, the Union Times, also jrlnts our lender In fill I and adds to it the folowlng strong and sensible words. Worse than that. No gentleman cares to un the risk of being called a liar, a demagogue, or a paid advocate of bondholders or nonopollsts, by advyentlng or opposing either ilde of the sett lenient of the public debt, the >hosphate question or the University, und the xjnsequence Is, three-fourthsol' the press ol .ho SUite have said but little If anything ibout those "subject* of public Interest.' The iict Is, the people have become disgusted with .lie Vulgar ana olt'cnsive, personal abuse which las characterized the discussion of the above lnnied question. Wc united in lowering the llgnity of the press of South Carolina by lgliting the thieving carpet-baggers with the llth that would make them most olTensive to leeent people, but now that they have been Irivcn awav>let us not. besmear ourselves vlth the same kiild of fllthlnowi uiiil odium. yOt the prefix of the State resume Its wonted Ilgnity und discuss public mutters with courv?y, and like men who know und can appre:luto the difference between blllingsj^ite und leccnt language.?Union lime*. THE TYRANNY*OF PATRONAGE. Reform Needed?Extract from the Ma* jority Report of the l'otter Commitlee. Rut behind nil these danger* remains the 'undamentul danger resulting from the cen. :ralizatlon of all appointments to otllce in lie President. In no government in the ?-orld is so vast a patronnge dependent on the ibsolute control of u changing Executive. If he Executive were permanent* If the patronage were distributed, or 11" the tenure of ifflce wcrd In any way fixed by law. the evil irould be lessened, Hut now at the end of mch four years the entire Federal patronuge -amounting to one hundred and ten thousand ottlcos? In collected in one lot, and the people divide themselves Into two parlies, it niggling In nainc to choose a President, but In fact to control this enormous patronage, which the President, is compelled to give to his party, because he was elected to Kodistributo It. The temptation to fraud, to usurpation, and corruption thus created Is beyond calculation. A prize so great, an Influence so powerful, tlmsccntrallzed und put lip for contest at short recurring periods, would Jeopard the peace and safety of any nation. The election of a President would never lead to the ettbrt and struggle and bitterness with which it is now attended, nor be followed liy any oucstion as to who was really thi- choice of the people, nor be the subled of any altcmnt to defeat their will, but for tin; offices within his gift. No nation can withstand a strife among lis own people so Intense, and so demoralizing. No contrlv?> I I., ho to disturb I lie ini bile peace, to destroy political honesty, and to endanger the common security was ever before invented. Its existence in this nation wan not designed, but was the result of u national growth and centralization which the fathers could not foresee, and failed, therefore, to provide against. K?ery principle upon which they founded government' every practice which they I11rtllratert, demands of us in some way to break up this system, and by removing the evils reniovt the dangers with which It threatens us. The power ot an administration with the absolute disposal df one hundred and ten thousand office*, sortie of whose members are most interested In disposing of them so as to sustain themselves und their action, is enormous, as has been felt at every step ol the Investigation There Is no fbnn of continuing influence equal for convenience and control to that of an office. If a man be bribed by a sum down, he may lose it or waste it, and then the control it gave over him will bt gone, lint In an office which he hoids at MiC pleasure of the person who appointed him he Is under continuing control. While he Is compliant and serviceable he receives a puj>port; but when he fails in either regard, or confesses when he might have kept silent, his supplies are cut off, and he Is turned out on the world without means Hnd wlthdut character, ruined by his confession of the truth, l'ationnire has. besides ihis. the fur llicr ltd vantage that it affords the jiossi til 11 ty of imcribitiK Its bestowroent to Just causes, and while being used fortho most reprehenslblepurposeM, the motives of Us use may be concealed. It Is the history of all slate conspiracies that if the conspirators succeed, the moan* by which they do so are rarely dlsclosed or published while their yarty remaiut in power or control. The Pomdextrr Trial. The Poindextertrial In Richmond. Va., ended on Saturday evening in a disagreement ol the jury and its discharge. Thin seems to be very *111 fortunate, in view of the fact that all of the Jury are reportod to huve believed thai the Killing of Cfirtls deserved some punishineht. Two of the panel are said to liavo favotfd a tordlct of Involuntary manslaughter, with a penalty of twelve months in Jail and a heavy tine?\ irglnia Juries having authority under the law, to determine the punishment to be Awarded to convicts. Five were In favoi of ascertaining the crime to be voluntary manslaughter, and Ave murder In the second degree, the range of penalties extending from throe to eighteen years in the penitentiary Several efforts aie reported to have been made to ngree upon a compromise of five years in tiro peiiileiiitinry. but some of the Jurors would not coiiie into this, so they had t< >e discnargi-ii. /\ motion lorine nit-cinujju m Polnde.xter on bail was refused by Jml^f Christian. Vml the prisoner was remanded foi trial next month. It will be very difficult t< secure a Jury when the case comes uj> again and they will hnte to eyme from anolhei county, as it is said that every eligible person in Jlenrico has formed and exorcssedan opinion In the ea.?e. it 1* to he hoped that th( next Jury when found, will understand thai In enseof disagreement there is no possible way to arrive at n verdict except by comproin ise.?liutlimore Hun, March 31. Our Best Exchanges. Georgetown Timet and Vomit. The Kershaw Gazette and tne Abl/evitle Press and Jianncr are two of our best exchanges. 'Do'hogs pay ?' asks an agricultural correspondent. \Vo know of seine I hat don't. They subscribe for a paper, read it u few weeks for not hint;, and then send it biick to the publisher inscribed 'refused.' Much hogs as that pay nobody if they cut) help 11. C I Spuech?Hank unci Ilobction Forc?j"u nhudotv tlii* Veto?A Long and I'ow-lpj crlul Debate Winding Lh>. j i?i ; k II [('hronicle and tb ns t it utiona lit f.J '1 vc Washington, April 3.?The debate In thelj,, House of Uepresetitatives on the AriMy Ap-jWIi i proprlatlon bill was opened by Mr. Knott,of wj I Kentucky. He spoke of the great and lilstor-|,H. I lcnl importance <if the principle involved 1 n ' j ! the question. He characterized it an the great | j fundamental principle of Kcpublican Mbcrfy j i that, the ballot box should tie protected from j 11 the slightest approach of military power, aijfl | 0(| j the voter shall be left absolutely free In e.\er- j -j I clslng nt the polls the highest prerogative of a I tiv citizen. He quoted the English statute of! n, ! (jeorge II, for the "removal of troops from a i vo | place where an election is to be held, and cit-1 f,.j i ed Hiackstone as writing that it Is essential : jt) , i that elections shall be absolutely free, and | ! that therefore, all under Influence an; ilk-gal j o1j and are polluted. He hud expected that such u, I a question would iiave been discussed, on the vo other side, with calmness and dignity, but in | tjc , thl? he had been grievously disappointed, i g|t I particularly In connection with the speech ofi fjt. j the gentleman from Malnu (Mr. Krve,. That; t|, , j speech, while it might have been appropriate j u t Ill) I11K"M1IUI1 ll'J <11 IMS pally am CIO.IS lUitun j Jn or vlllano bar-room. was unjust to that gentle-1 jn i man's genial and generous nature. , -r , Mr. liuuk, of Tennessee, I by j followed, lie was Southern horn antl svmpn-1 ^ ' ' | tlilr.cd with that section, but herald wheu the ' j ! President had offered peaee and conciliation he hud been answered with bloodshed and rlot. To-duy It was well known that a majori- hjj ty of the Southern States were Heptiblicnn If j(J an honest election conld be had, and yet he ui( looked around him and saw but three Itepub- or Means from the Southern States, lie placed \ his opposition to th? present measure on tho i 0I| broad grounds of Its merits, if permitted to [ i stand on the statute books there would be free! j,' elections in the South, and Republicans would I t.?, be returned to Congress by the voice of a free | jj( people, unawed by bull-dozersand rifle elubs. j i Others might do as they pleased, but never | ?-r( while lie had a vote on tills floor would hej{>c | vote to repeal those statutes until every man t]. In the Sou th, whether white or black, whether' IT, n "carpet*bagk'er" from the North oru "sealla-1 fn 1 wag" from the South should have a free a+id j lo equal chance at the ballot box. [Applauseon 11|, the Republican side.] lie was not authorized \ W| > to speak for the President but he knew that If hU the President wnsu good Republican he would .1. veto the bill. ,U1 ltcprescnutive Robeson, Ex-Secretary th of the Navy, p1,I then addressed the House, lie intended to P1' , contlne himself to the question of law In- de volved In the discussion. It is proposed he tf1' said, to restrain the civil ofllcers of the Unled States front keeping the pcace at any clec- Pr tlon in any State, lly what means? By civil ry means. Not by military means, for the right dc of civil ofllcers, the Marshal of the District If lul you please, to summon thepaste romilntut Is a u > tight to summons ordinary military compa- wl nies that may be within the body of hlsballl- Pr wick. The right to summon armed troops if j they be within the body of the bailiwick. Is a s'1 civil not a military right, and Is In the Interest of the Inviolability and the strenght of 11 u the civil law. There was considerable coil; hi troversy between the Speaker and Mr. Mc- tl) I I>anc, of .Maryland, as to whether there had ever been any .ruling oi me mipreme coun w recognizing the right of the United States to i 'J keep the peacc. Mr. Robeson wild lio hud wl never known that question to nrlsc In flint H< form, but there have been rulings of the Si:- ,e< premc Court to the ctl'ect tliut wherever there re ; was a power clven and guaranteed or secured J-rt by the Constitution of tne United States then the power resided In the United States to en- wl force and secure It, continuing Itat consideruble length. ou In a legal argument upon points now In- *t" ' volvcd, Mr. Robeson said: "Mv trie id from Ohio (Mr. Hurd) had said that It becomes us to.look Ri.nrply and keenly us to the use of ho military power, for that l>.v It Republics have 0,1 always died. I take Issue with him there. I Ml ' The last Until blow at the liberties of Repub- ,c 1 lies has come from ihesword, but It wuk not] J until some branch of the government lms|cut usurped to Itself rights which It did not enjoy under the constitution and laws of the! Is country. Jt has not been until some branch l|e of the government ? usually some branch he claiming to more specially represent the pop- th ' ular will?has usurped to itself powers that 111 1 i dlil not belong to It. I'u It was only after the I.ong Parliament of *'l England had disgusted the country by its ag disregard of civil und personal rights, and by loi its assumption of everything that, belonged to the government, that the stern soldier, Oil- '!< vcr Cromwell dared to go to that House and i st; dissolve it with military power. It was only ' th after the French Assembly had made France,! eo ' Its fair fields und Its vine clad hills, run red I ioi with the blood of Its besi, citizens; not until | oi Europe wasnppalled at. the scenes of murder ; lui perpetrated there; not until Hie world Itself \\ stood aghast at the crimes that were commit- \ W ted In the name of Liberty-, that the young : al, Napoleon with his armed forcj, was abhl to , so seize upon the government. We belong to n \V I system of government with co-ordlnulo and! foi > limited powers, all bearing relation1 to each i be I other?each having Its appointed sphere, each on | clothed with Its natural dMies, each having lea ills special attractions and restraints, each, mi like the solar systcm-ln the heavens, depend- nx ent on the other. I Iyct one of those spheres be stricken down, I en let It be loose from ihe proper law of gravlta-i Co Hon. of centrifugal a.<u centripetal forces and \ tu what becomes of It? Jt wanders about not i bo only to the destruction of the system ot tin whlcn It Is a member, but an object of terror wl to the universe. Here we are co-ordinate sys- do teuisof tills (.iovernment, all held together th by the attractions, privileges, powers and re- th strlctfons of the Constitution of the United of States. If one member of this system breaks ed loose from those attractions, when the old th landmarks are swept awuy and theold tradl- ei< tlons wiped out, when the old safeguards are so all broken down, It riots through the system ba an object of terror and of dismay, and more w? terrible-than majestic, It becomes a mighty 1 Instrument of evil. be My friends (addressing the Dcmocrntlc side tie of the House), It Is from disrupted system ot tut (iovernment that military power arises, it dr Is In the confusion of disorder. The lack oi, pa right to be executed by thccivil officers of the j i?i law.lt Is within thesmokeof such n contest. ih that the "Man on IIorse tiack rides In and th liberty Is sacrificed to order, So long as theiwl civil process of the law may be properly exe-? tic cuted by the civil officers In this country, lm there is no danger of military power. The th strong arms, the clear heads, the brave hearts | ru of our people, North and South, would never de yield to a standing army, were It a million j ti? strong, unless It became absolutely necessary | te< under the pressure of usurped and arbitrary iou power of fcoine Irresponsible member of the lai system lo sacrifice liberty to order. Thatlnc time will never come In this ^country, unless as you, my friends, disregard the plain ^teaching Jit of history." . an Mr. Blackburn, of Kentucky, j wns the next speaker. He premised hlsi?r, 1 speech with ihe hope that ho would In nolu, way depurt from the plane of fairness In do- i s|( bate; that no utterance of his would give: ?j rise to the charge that any sectional question ! nil was Involved in the It-sue under consideru-j W( t?on. Nobody had been surprised at tlU'jtii speech of the gentleman from New Jersey vj, (Mr. Robeson.) The pcrforinunce would not j tai have beon completed, would not have been j (n, fairly rounded out unless some member of;,,,, the 1'rlvy Council of that Imperialistic dy-|dt. I nasty under whose administration the very j fot I vicious practice had grown up to what it was j Wl now sought to repeal, had testified on the<t,it tloor in ius behalf. It had been argued by ! 8U dltlcrent gentlemen on the other side thutlbc; this repeal was revolutionary In Its churau- ti, ter; Ili.it It had no plaee upon an appropria- \y t tion bill; that it was out of time, and should i th< bo considered an independent proposition. | ,|a lie was but a poor student of his country's ,j<( I history who was not able to satisfy himself! t 'I that from the foundation ol the Constitution j W11 I down to the present time It had ever been h,ii I held, and that by ihe highest authority in! of the land, that it was in the power of the'ii^ , I House to control the employment of the jn; ( army by withholding supplies. In the very nature of things the proposed repeal could I not be revolutionary. Atllrinatlve iegisia- H , I tion might be revolutionary, but not ne?ii- no tive legislation. Ti?ere was no one who th , could assert that previous to isti.5 the Kxeeu- j ep i tlve had held the power which this bill pro- j nc, | posed to deprive him. The Constitution did or not give to any President the right to send'lit , armed forces Into any state, even to suppress i |u< domestic violence. I?y no means. It retjuir-1 eo , ed the President. to protect every State irom tn: invasion, but only conlerred upon him the | no [ right to send soldiers to liiat Slate to suppress i lit , domestic violence when the Legislature ofjrai | that State or tiie tiovernor should make a re-; do ; quislllon upon him. He was not permitted j tin , I loanticipate domestic violence; neither he < rl? . I nor the Legislature, nor tha (.iovurnor. Do-ich t mestic violence Must have been in existence up ! and that fact must have been certified to him j an ' j by the Legislature. There! was no prerogu-1 on [] tive which the President Hfeid that was not . hit . clearly defined and limited by inw, but the <>\\ 1 Constitution had made Congress, in express 1 terms, the grand reservoir into which all the 1 ! powers of implication flowed. Tills hill . could not comprehend revolution, but It was i . said that It wns not in proper place when it Tin . was ingrafttd upon an appropriation bill. . K( If, he said, lecturck were lo be read to the St, i Democrats, let them conic from some* quar-1 wi tcr andsome member not convicted on the i to rocord. The gent leman from Ohio (Gapfleld) I ye had told the llouse that tills was an effort, isel and an unmanly etrort, to starve the Govern-1 th< . mcnt to death, and had contrasted it with I sol f what he termed the bolder and braver action I ha > of certain members In Congress In ltWti, who sh I hod left their seat* and had carried their is-1 to , sue to 'he Held of carnage. Tiiut gentleman'ne . had said that this was revolution and had do-, at i cried the effort which the Democrats were | ch , making to adopt it. Far better would it have la| i beoji for tiio people of thecountry if the pow- pb cr of the gentleman from Ohio had been ap- m: : plied nt an earlier period of his political his- At ] tory in denouncing and opposing revolution- tui I ary legislation. Did the gentleman remem- au I! be1 the record that he had made In 18<w, In an Iai i ] aniondmuntoffered by Mr. NVIlMn, of Iowu, ari . loan appropriation bill prouoxln* to rcvolu- jut i, tlonize the Judicial system of the country, ye ?i proposing to rob a. co-ordinate branch of tint lili .; Government, proposing to strip tlie Supreme an > Court of prerogatives and the powers that the a I f1 Federal Constitution had clothed It with? j hi; ?j That amendment had provided that If any i vl< ! Circuit or I>!Mrlct Court should declare any jd?* > I act of Congress to be unconstitutional the ? lie . I judgment should be carried up to the Sii-Iru] Ii .....ivu-a I ii ,rl if tu-o.11.1 nit of f11it i I 'niirt i ?... 11 shuuld nof.htllrm the judgment, the same* w< - j should he held reversed, and on the call <if!n!l : ; yeas and ftnys the gentleman from Ohio is j till E j found vuttag yea/ | re, > The Supreme Court at, thnt time, hnd con | slsted of eight members, and hy that amendment six were required jo overrule (he opin-l ? Ion of n T?lstrl(j? Court, declaring unconstitu- j ne ' tlonal any of the ill-nuvfjed, hasty, crude and em ! partisan measures of the' Republican party. jsei j Itovoluthin? What was there that tne party H? the gentleman soably led had not done in I tei I thatcatalogue of crimes? In his Mieeeh (>r| Or Saturday, the gentleman from Oh If; nad j ^ i challi ngwl all comers to show a single in- Fr stance In the history of the country -.Vlirre , flt the consent of the Executive had bfcfcn coere- nu ed. to He (Blackburn) accepted the gage of battle Kri | which the gentleman had thrown dovrn. He k|] I would rtud from tbo A'.cord and ?lruir him j ier instance on the 2d of March 1867. Andrew ] ho8on had signed an Army Appropriation J 11 under protest, feeling, as ho suld, contained to return the bill with his signature, t accompanying it with his protest. Was 1 ore no coercion there? Why, the Record Is II of Instances, lie found that in the 39th ingress, that had occurred which would ver fade from the minds of the American j ople. lie referred to the effort which Was nueand which came so nlgli resulting in c successful iinpeacnmcnt of the Chief Exutlvc of the country. The Executive had en Impeached of high crimes and mlsdn' eanors, and of usurpation, of violation Of ?*. I( ?"lrst, "In that he has corruptly used the ' pointing power." Hud tho gentle i! >111 Ohio Intended to inipeuCh him for ( :it? The gentleman knew that he had ' t. " cond, "In that ho has corruptly used the ' rdonliiK power." iIncl tlio gentleman In- 1 ulrd 10 Impeach lilm for thai? Everybody icw tliut he had not. I'hlrd, "In that he has corruptly used the 1 to power." This wrs where the sting eume . It was the exercise of that prerogative, It ' in the employment of that veto power for 1 lieli the llousc voted these articles of lmuchmcut. 'ourthly, "In Hint lift has corruptly dlxpos- 1 of public property." That win u mere I Viial count In the Impeachment* 1 *ftn!y "In that he has corruptly lnterfer- 1 with lite election." I'hose were the two counts In this Indict- ' i'liton wm>;h it Whs proposed to lmpcach J e Executive: was the exercise of the to power, apil the other his inter-i1 rence not In elections, but to prevent the lerfercnce of armed jiowcr In elections.!1 iose counts had been voted upon more than i j ee, and tlie gentleman from Ohio was on |1 e ifei d every time us voting in their fa- j r. And lie had been supported In his ac- ' >11, and had had standing by him voting It: by side with htm to Impeach the l'resi- , nt lor the exercise of the veto power, one | I'll iCuiii[j;iiiui> tiiy (MiNirurc, anu wiiu uui lur > | :omblnallon ol accidents, wonld have re-j; dined to (lils tiny hihI until li 1m dying duy , thatobspurlty lor which nature and his;, wilor seemed to have designed him : side ] side with the gentleman from Ohio had [ >od and voted Mr. JI ayes of the same State |jplnu6e on the Democratic,side and In the 1, lierlesj; and now by what sort of author-1 > has the gentleman from Ohio collie toj rcaten the House with n probable and pos-| ile action of the Executive? What provl*-| n of the Federal Constitution undertook top jthe anybody, either the President himself; one of Ills l'rivy Council, even Including s l'remler, the Secretary of the State, to sit I the lloor of the House lam Saturday and , his presence and approval seem to tntlm-j ate. overawe and brow bent the American i ingress? [Derisive laughter on the Itepub:nn side.] W ho had commissioned the gentleman ; >m Ohio to tell tbe House thai It had belter careful because the Issue was made and j e President would not b? coerced Into a cssnge of approval ? I)ld tho gentleman' >m Ohio or any other gentleman put such a j w estimate on the sell respect, the integrity e courage and the manhood of the Hou.;e, I thouLregard loparty, as to believe that: eh a threat so Haunted was to Intimidate! e law making branch of the government,, id hltape its action or mdar>urcs of leglsln-1 m ? He proceeded to quote from Oariield's eech to tnc etl'ecl that no petition had been ertented to Congress for the proposed real. Did the gentleman really mean that duration? Did he noi know that the Coness Just expired bore upon Us flies petitions lei petitions on contested# election eases, oicstlng against tbe presence of the militant the polls, denouncing usurpation and triaudliig the repeal of tr.U law ? Did he il to remember tluvt the stuLe of Louisiana | sovereign Stale, bad seni lier memorial. In I Iilcli, In thunder lone. she uualhemized the : csent law? hut the gentleman went further, and, if pos-l Jle, did worse, it I* generally true that egrave silenced the tongue 01 detraction,; it the gentleman from 'Jhlo, forgetting; niK'.'lf lit his speech, forgot ulso to observe j at rule. Continuing, tie said: 'Let one take the darkened pages of his untry's history lor the pust fourteen long' uis, and read ilcarefully, uud tell me then I '.ether it lies in tiie mouth of this lender of jnce greut but now waning party to r#ad 1 jtutes to anybody. eitiier on the score.of volutionniy legisnitiou or extraneous Tnjduciion of legislation on uppropriation Its. IJettcr, far, in the-face ol the record itch they have made, belter to listen pa-, iiiily to the confirmed inebriate as lie deals the virtues of temperance, or better let the1 leen of the (Unii-tnonUe elaborate the b aa:s of feniaie virtue, or Ji t the devil pra.e of e scheme of universal redemption, man l'oi nnlies on good moials and ieetufes oil rev-i iilloiuiry legislation to b? delivered from . cti u source." | Applause on the Democrat- I side.j luiving rend the act of George the III, he tit In tied: 'Fruin thntday till now, I do declare that It! not within the power oj any hnu^toflnd an lion ol the baxou race thai lias not ever :id in utter contcmpt the effort of iiini or em wiio songlit to control the freedom of e ballot by tlie employment of military iwer. [Applause iiu tiic Democratic side.j. ie very urmy of this country protest! ulhtl such a prostitution of It. I see be-' rc toe the Gencrul-ih-Uliiei of the American ; my (General Sherman was occupying Gar-' i(l s seat j and 1 do nol believe that l overHe (lie tact, when i say from him down to e lowest slibullcrn, it is diJllcuil to find a| mmissloncd oil leer who tins not rcpugnanco1 r the service which, under the prostitution 1 the army, lie hus been called upon to per-' mi. It is tins question lliul is before us.] e urc declaring iliat tiie ballot shall be free. eare denying thai it is eithei constitution, legal, just, lair or decent to subject ihet vereigu to tlie surveiunec of tlie servant.1 e aie wining to discuss the question and. r my ]jai 1.1 kiiail oppose any limitation to put op the discussion. If wo cannot stund an issue m> broad, so constitutional, so tholic, Bo free and so fair Hr, this, tlicn tell! f, In ileaven's name, what earthly battle-1 entsarc strong enough to get behind. [ or the Hist lime in eighteen years, Demo-; icy is buck tn power in both branches of! ingress. \v'c propose to celebrate her rein lo power oy wiping linm tlie statute oks tImn*. degrading resolutions on free; ell, and by breaking away the shackles I lit-li partisan legislation has imposed. Wei not intend to stop until we have stricken1 e last vestigv of jour war measure* from I e statute book, line those which were born the passions of evil strife, and winch look-; nlono to the abridgment of the liberties of' e citizen, until we have an uiiirammeied j iclion and unsupervised ballot, it ml an iiIh, lute free right for the citizen to deposit hi*1 Hot as the coudttion and precedent which! : oiler to you for the passage of this bill. : If the gentlemen from Ohio (Garfield; Is to! excused, for certainly lie cannot bejustl-l d, for paiailing before this House the urgu~\ in trrromn of a veto Dial is cut and | led, to be put upon a bill which has not yet; ssed. and if lie Is to be pardoned for warn* I g the House that the Kxrctitlve branch of c Government will never yield its assent to is 111 viinii i c in ilo |u t'hciu juriii. i nhtv . letlicr 1 may not be warranted undjitstl-i d Id employing equal candor nn<l Id a*sur-1 It thai gentleman ami his nHsoclatCH that c <l<>mimiltL power in thin Congress, the! ting element in this body, Is also equally I tel'ltiilied that until Its Just demands, sii/ic-1 ilied l?y all law*, human and divine, pro-; Hed and hedged aroundhv precedent* with- j t number,demanded by the people of this, id, without regard to section, elumoredfor, ?t by the South alone, but in Philadelphia' weii as New Orleans, In Sun Francisco and : islon, as well as Charleston and Savannah, e not cnmplled with, thin side of the chamr, which has dcmonsirtilcd itu power, never L-uiiH to yield or surrender until this I'oness ^ tin 11 have dl> d by virtue of Its llinita>n. i Wild applause on the Democratic' le.] I'hrre is no tribunal before which we are; it willing to carry this case of content, und ' ? arc ready to allow Him who rults the desiit*s of man to Judge between us and give i:lory to the right. 1 do not mean to 1mlle the gentleman from Ohio Ktarlleld.) I iclaini any authority to state what others uydo, but I do mean to say that it ix my liberate conviction thot theru is notjto be ind a single man on this side of the 1 louse lowill ever consent to abandon one Jot or Ic of the faith that Is In him. Ilecould not rrctidorlt if lv; would, and he will not, I gthe other side to believe, be coerced by reals or Intimidated by the other In party. i' arc piantcu on tiiese convictions ami ere we will stand. Ho who dulllcs is (a Muni, ami lie who denies 1* damned. uiul applause.] iVhrn lllackburn concluded his speech, he iK surrounded by colleagues,congratulating m upou It. After remarks by Mr. Ulbson, liOiilsiiinu, upon legal constitutional ques-i ms, the House look a recess until this evenV Democratic Prestige. riic debato In the House to-day fully prorvrd the prestige communicated to It by e opening speech of (iartleld. Knott was Igramatlc, sparkling with Shukspcrcati ms, but aroused no enthusiasm oil his own ill feeling on tho other side of the House, ink rather astonished both sides tiy thevemence with which lie stood by his party lors. Koboson, in his maiden speech, ide a favorable Impression, both ns to mui(| rami matter. 'Hlaekburn made one of his ry declamations, accepting for the rcmoe-! isy nil the responsibility of having thrown | wn thegnge of battle, und claiming for, nt party Its full share of virtue, valor, pat-; >tIsm ail love of liberty which ought to, uracterlze tiie American character. The | plaiihe which greeted him was very hearty. d t lie congratulations which he received resuming his sent; showed how thoroughly!. ? sentiments were shared by mcu of liis'l 11 party. Tbc Kentucky AssnnKin. \ccordlng to the Phi'aclclphia Times, Tom iford, the man who killed .ludf/c Klllott.of Mitueky, seems to tie a man of whom no Ate eaTi.alford to be proud. He started life Mi a Ibaded pistol in his hands, according all afcconnts. Somewhere about twenty ars ago. lie established a character for hlmf, which not altogether local, by a light on o Kentucky fair grounds, where he hud ine pistol practice'" with a man whom ho d some slight reaftm to suipcct ought to he ot. During this r6w he endeared himself ii circle of nfiiuirriR by his tllxpHiy of cool- , ss. changing his position while being shot U> avoid fil ing Into a crowd of ladles mid lldrcn, afid tlu-n tnkine a nln from the ipel of his coutund picking tne tube of Ills itol. which failed to go off. He winded his , ui, noweter, and got f?way unhurt himself. . nnother time 13ulord had u roufeh-nndmble-fight with Col. Theodore O'Hara, the thor or "The Bivouac of the Dead," In a iiilsvllle saloon, on account of a newspaper llclo. and O'Hiirn wu.S badly beaten. Still .cr Bufnrd assaulted a brilliant young lnwr of Lexington, named Turner, und beat!' rn so brutal y us to destroy his eyesight j i >1 ruin his health. The trouble grew out ofl xihIiiusr dispute, and Turner finally died of, < Injuries. 'J'he last exploit of Mul'ord pre- , uis to the killing of Judge Klllott was his1 fianee of the authority of the Sheriff ofl 11 ry County in tiie earlier stages ofthoi It, the final decision of which was the ! use of the assassination. Some people will j intlcr why this murderous ruffian has been owed to go on this peculiar way for sotoe-j Inn like a <|iiartor of a centniy, and nppu-j illy without any liiterrupUen until now Solicitor C.'oJhran with his fbllity, readl*'1 ss, and accoiiipllshetl manners, appeared In urt on Monilay morning. ready to reprelt theSlale in all eases coming within the e of his duties. He leaves no duly mintidedto, prosecuting without persecuting.? rmvilte Kutcrpritf anil Mountuinrvr. \ "he last full moon brought a cold snap, last, j' iday morning the Thermometer standing |? degrees at sun-up. and oil Saturday J lining at 2D degrees. The wheat is thought f be materially injured. Corn was bit to the I Hind, tilt fruit 6f all kinds were entirely J led except, pln'/ns and blackberries, the lat- ; ha? not bloodied yet. ' Radical View of the Matter. N rHE PRESIDENT'S GOT HIS BACK UP, AND SHOWS FIGHT. He is in Fall Accord with the United Republican Party, and Cannot be n Persuaded or Frightened Against ' His Sense of Duty. De Washington-, April 2.?Presldont ITaycs ronccnls his views on the Important political liiosilons now nxlUitinx the country from no me with Whom he con Vernon with iiny freeloiin lie does not think it proper for him to q, iniiolince In advance, In an authoritative ivnyi that ho will sign or will veto any meas- "ve urn thut nmy be sent to him by Congress. A ltpp jrbki: which has almost the force of law re- , . iiilroH the Prc-Hldent to convey to Confront) wl11 first, in h formal manner, hi* objection to any I'h' Dills which he declines to sign, und that no Ale sITielnl or xenil-offleiul announcement on the que luhjcct shall be made before the transmission jf a veto message. "Iff If there ever was a time when a President en? would be justlfled In breaking over this rule, try the present Is one. The Democrats in Cou- on 1 nrn ntwin !h thulr llicimlc t/i (Vvrnn thft tiOT President intotheapproval of their obnoxious salt meusuies, by withholding the necessary ap- Tl proprlations for the Uovornment until lie tha 1oes, and by no doing thoy have violated the jmr :ourtesy between the co-ordinate branches of [mr the Government, which they are so anxious has that the President should observe. But while the President says to no one who Coo rolls upon him that he will veto the two up- nu I nropriation bills over which the controversy feftt lias arisen In Congress, If they come to him say containing the objectionable political sec- 'J' % Lions, t be i he has very decided views q,j n the subject, and does not hesitate to ex- con press them. He thinks It Is Just as proper for He Ihr President to let public men and the people Th< know what his opinions are on the current try questions of vital Importance to the country Bh?i ks that other men holding important posl- the tlons underthe Government should do so. the In an Informal conversation this evening for thtt President said that the present political gag *trug>;l<: seemed to him tb be only a con new kohsf or the long standing contest her between the people Who believe that the United States are a nation, on the one hand, , una those who hold to the doctrine of States ,hr rights, on the other. The Democratic part}' r Ik opposed to all supervision of elections for . ft( Representatives In Congress By federal au- >nr tliorlty, and to all legislation which In any ^ way interferes with the sole management of .. ( those elections by local oltlccrs. Th**y there- nJl fore Intend, If tltoy are able to do so, to sweep mu from the statute book every law that has been eD| enacted for tire purpose of preventing frauds 1 In elections. Tills the Republlcansar# determined that they shall not do If It can be pre- > vented. The President said that he haa no till doubt that ample power was conferred on of i Congress, by the Constitution, to enact these the laws, nor does he for a moment question the *ar necessity of maintaining them. Ihequestton lm at issue, he remarked, was nota sectional one. ccp The laws to prevent frauds at elections for dot Representatives are becoming every vear He more indispensable to fair elections, and es- tin pccially so In many of the large cities of lh% nor North, The question Is a fundamental one, vol and Is thosamc which was in controversy be- lnt: tween the two great parties before the war, Ik t and which was Involved In the war Itself. flrc In answer to the question, whether the or Army hill, iir It now stands before the House doi and the country, did not. In his opinion, in- afli volve the same question that would be raised yoi when the Legislative bill, with the sections dls repealing the election laws, was brought up ant for discussion, and whether It would be proper wll to consider any one portion of this political bei legislation independently on its own merits, me he replied that he hud taken very little interest In the debates on the Democratic plan. T TJSE FIRST, AND ONE OF THE CHIEF OBJEC- pr( TI0N8 SOU to the proposed legislation was the method!^' by which It was proposed to accomplish It. Jvo That hail been excellently described by Gen. tra (.iarfleld, In his upcech last Saturday, as revo- ow lutlonary. Vf The President added that he was not sure lll( that It would not become the duly of the Re- or publicans In Congress to take stand against new legislation of any kind on Appropriation nn' bills. He spoke of the growing tendency In ,n'J Congress to attach to these bills meanurcs I**"1 which cannot stand on their own merits, and |,m< Illustrate!! it by relating one or two striking [Vu examples of such legislation. He said that , by far the greater part of the "Jobs" that had I"** gono through Congress in the last twenty-1 n>,i years had been carried through on Ap-1 " , proprlaiion bills, mid that the party, or tliplv'j man In this country, If he IioIum a position | 'V high enough In Influence to make his action i ^ felt, who takes the ground that. Approprln- ?> tlon bills Khali contain nothing hut appropii- 110 ntions, will win. Ah It now In, those which should in: the safest measures punned by Con- _ gress lire the most dangerous. .' Referring to the Democratlcsuggrstlon that "'l It would require unusual courage for ti J1" President to veto one of these appropriation J!" bills, I he President remarked that that was a ' " mistake. He had been for two years engaged 'nf in a struggle to maintain the prerogative of fr-v the Kxccutlvc 10 nominate piddle ofllcers, a "?l prerogative which had been usurped by the!"" Senair. In that contest he had stood almost j1,01 alone. Now, If he shall be called upon to ' , vindicate tlie constitutloniil light of their1" President to participate In legislation, he will jIUI have not only the Republican party at ills, " back, but a majority </f the people. fudcrr' T** these circumstances, It would not, In Ills! Ilr! opinion, require us much courage and llrni-, 1 |?>,I I,. I,K liU rlnlv uhIn the former euse. , q "Bill, Mr. President," old one of hi* vlnU-|(?h ors, "what will re the worst that can happen (hi If the Democrat* In Congrtss refuse tri grant r;u mipplles, ami leave the uovi-rnment without. ([,| the neccswry mean* to carry on its func- n,> Hons ?" )( ,. WILL NOT COME TO THAT. ?. The President replied that It would not tin eonie to that. The Democrats have only live tin majority In the House, and that majority es i will melt away before the point RUggested we was leached. The Dem?>crnitc plan, an he pel had heard it explained, was to adjourn the i oo< Cony res* and leave the President to meet the j rer emergency when the money give* out. llut! 1 he will not have to meet It alone, for If such ?te a time ever come*, the CongresA will be here to meet It with him. The Constitution gives the President | 1 AMPLE PONVF.lt TO CONYENK CONGRESS ^ on nny extraordinary occasion, no matter fK.( whether It Is absent. oi> account of the Until tin adjourn men t of the session, or because a long Wa recess ha* been taken; and, wh'.n the new ^ fiscal year begins, Congress will be here to nhi meet t lie demands of the people. a 1> THEY WILL FIND .SOME EXCUSE TO YIELD. '>Ol "What are you going to do about this falllire to provide funds with which to carry on the Government?" f Hut that time. In hi* opinion, would nover ' j! come. Hefore that, the Democrats will And . some excuse for yielding. They will say that they have made the Issue and will now appeal to the people, or some other pretext lor d a surrender will bo found. The lteprescnta- _ lives from the large cities may be influenced he to give up, or those from the close districts. K._ If there should come a time when Important no branches of the Government were not pravld- .j ed for It would, of course, cause iuconve- ^p( nience. , mr Keferrlng again to the Army Hill, relative t)u to the use of troops at the polls, the President said that it was of Itself A MATTEIt OK VERY LITTLE IMPORT ANTE. The troop* have bucn very rarely, If ever, used to preserve the pence at elections, and it Dr, will l)i* Impossible to usaihem for that pur- y pose hereafter. There were no soldiers available. There lias been a regiment In Georgia. f but It has been sent to Montana, and theonly wh troops left In the .states, except a few urtllle- u r rvnicn stationed at the fori*, will be on the eh; Texnn frontier. Hut the Democrats, he SRid, ke had taken this simply as a pretext, and as a titi preliminary to a more Important repeal of mc the election laws. These were the statutes at tlx which they werealmini;. If From the above, which gives only the sub- set stance of what the President said in the noi course of the conversation, It may be seen spi that he Is In the eld FULLEST ACCORD WITH TUB UNITED KEPUUI TAX PAHTY "ol In the present crisis, and If that party stands wo lip, an ft will, resisting these obnoxious incus- Tit ures as lone as resistance Is possible, they may then let them go to the President, in the . flrm conviction that he cannot be persimded " or frightened Into any course that Is not In J'ir accord with his views of bis otllclal duty. J'11 Where these Ideas of his duly will lead him "ol " ..mi Hi-.oKt fi-nm hli pfinvArautlnll iiwuu w?? < ?>? ton . ? eis HO5. D. WYATT AIKEN. Ik t 4 col lie Takes Part in the Dcbnte on H" the the Army Appropriation Bill. inn Washington, April5.?In thecommittceof *ul the whole house, after Mr. Cox's remarks on the army appropriation bill, Mr. Aiken, of }" South Carolina, said that In the Forty-fifth t,l< Congress the gentleman from Ohio cMr. Gar- ?ji' geld) had said that whoever attempted to *'}J raise sectional Issues a* a platform for 1SS01 ?1'|t would And himself greatly mistaken, and I J ' when that gentleman rose in the Forty-sixth J?n Congress and denounced a majority coining j 11 v' from the South as revolutionary, he(Alken) I could see no candor pi Ilia man or his posl-j w? tlon. Following the leadership of that gen-1c,:' tieinan, tne gentleman from Kansas (fln?-|"lc kell) had condemned the acts oi Southern i doi fnen, but he had forgotten that after a Rembllcnn rule of twenty years, within th? | astten days"Itlzcnsof his own State had;')}'burned a negro, burned himat the stake, and ; dlc" "danced to Bacchanalian music around hisi'l"' pyre." The House hail also heard from the BUI ''nigger-catcher" from Connecticut [Mr. Haw-j ?r J ley). The expression would of course, be ex- ?bl cuficd l>y the gentleman who had said : "You f',! gentlemen of the South, are relying upon per treacherous friends. You mustknow that in the Northern States all patriotism, nil Intel- JP? llgeiife and nil capital belonged to the Re- 'be Kubllcan party." If that gentleman whs fftj alf as \vi6e as he thonght hq was, and knew {''I anytelng about the Southern States, h>j must '1('1 irnnu- iimt iilMiit/>1Mi'<>nrp nil nrnnertv. all ori virtue and worth thPre belonged to the f>em- I t'ic ocnUle party. [Applause on tho Deindcratlfc: sc'l' side.1 lie had heard from men of ctninenco constitutional nrgutaent, but he had dnly to I -r lidtcn from which side of tho House the volco | ,i came to know the convictions of the speaker, I and that had led him to believe that thoro j {i... was not .?o much constitutional construction j >? . required about tho matter. The law which It I ... was proposed to repeal had been a partisan ' i0, measure, passed by a partisan Congress, for the purpose of upholding partisan power. tiJ In IMS, he had been permitted for the tlrsj! time after the H'ar to vote, but, on going to I the polls, he found a sentinel guarding the npjiroaeh to the ballot-box. He, thereupon, | jn(j refused If) vote, saying that no freeman . would tote under duress. [Derisive laughter! '.r rm the Kenubllean side.| 1 here hud been no ??e. Democratic votes Ciist at that poll. In JS72, j, he had gone to another noil, and found soldiets quartered within llfty yards of the ballot-box, and not a Republican vote was enstl.i.,, At that poll. Why? ileeauso they had un- .... ierstood that the military were Demotsrat'c,' HVS itni linn taken the liberty of not votl/ig nit- j j*f t Jer duress. [ Laughter aiul applause on the i Democratic sldc.J ' (.j,| - ' fret The Largest Weekly in the State,1 and Equal to the Host. nm ^ I unv Xinety-Mz Guardian. 'I1!,, It will not be considered presumptuous, we; the nope, to say a kind word for the venerable i wh; nentorof theSmith Carolina press?the /1ft-1 the >ntiltc Pre** mul liunntr. Mnssrs. Wilson it t<? t Benet publish the largest week ly In the State, opp ind It is equal to t he best. Mr. Wilson Is a the. >nielleal geulleman, and his partner, Mr. alio Senet, received thorough training in thel'nl- pen ,'crslty of Edinburgh, Scotland. Such a team mat > bound to win In the "long run," | "Un ev Mm ii tie In Nation: AN ADDRESS BY HENRY WARD BEECHER ox CHE CHINESE QUESTION, livered in Philadelphia, March ; 1879. [Chrittutn Union,] 1 Monday evening last, Mr. Bccehcr ?I red his new licture, thus entitled, to u reclatlve audience of over 3,000 peop ich througed the Academy of Music ; lndelphln. The chair was occupied by C'< xandcr McClnre. After a brief but el ntexordlum, In which Uieadventof utrn i of various nationalities In our midst i erent times was reviewed, nnd their Intli e upon tlio prosperous growth of theeou Indicated, the speaker thus descanted u :he special topic of the evening: the poi i of the Mongolian In the nation. 1 lie first point which Mr. Blaine suggests t there lifts not been from the outset nr nlgratlon of Chinese in the tense In whl< nlgrfttloh codes to us from Europe, been under contract, he says?throus ncy ; nnd If hot In other respect* of tl lie typo the entire Immigration from Ct ias had the worst and most demoralize .ures of Cdollclsm. He adds; It Is safe tint nn* in n hundred comes In nn entli 'oluntary milliner. Now nothing cnn w< nore misleading than that: I will glvet wer to It In the words of One himself nainan. "Is It true that hourly all wl le to this collhtry do so under contract nays, "Yes; but it is a voluntary contrai sy are paid a great deal mdrt In this cou than they tail get at home, and they n d to come. They have nd.money to pi Ir passage or live on when they gethere, y bind themselves to work, for SI6 a mon a certain time till they havij paid the pi e money And the advances made by tho npanles Who have asslstM them to p e. There is no slavery abdut It. The Cl e government will not allow ar.y Chin n to be brought here except he comes v< tarlly. If they come in any other way it ough English ports and not Chinese, ne here to be educated; not under en ct. I have relatives who wimc here sin lv." vho Is this who gives this testimony ? ] i member of the Methodist Church. I me Is Men Jin Kce, an intelligent m; ich sought after for counsel by business m jageU in the Chinese trade. THE CHINESE WOMEN. Ir. Blaine makes an appeal to our symi es when next he says or this large porti the population nine-tenths are adult mal i women numbering In all some seven th< id, and according to all accounts they t pure, lewd far beyond the Anglo-?axon ct itlon of Impurity and lewdness, and si uments In which they so bind themsclv says: "I speak of this from abounding t tony?largely from those who have had p lal opportunity to study the subject In its ting details. In the entire Chinese po] ion of the Pacific coast scarcely one fam 0 be found: no hearthstone or comfort, side of Joy; no father nor mother, nor bro nor sister; no child reared by parents; iiesticor ennobling Influences: no tle? ection. The relation of wife is deeriuled fid all description, the females holding a honoring that sacred name being sold a 1 transferred from una man to anotli hout shame and witUout fear; one worn ng at the sumc time the wife of seve in." FOn WHOM THEY ARE UIlOfHHT. his is his statement, and It Is calculated Hltice a profound Impression 011 the urn islblllty of people Ignorant of the true fu< Is trui; that large numbers of the Chin ,mr?n u*nrr? hmncrlit nnt tif f'hlmi?nrwlnrn ct, too? but not for Chinavien: not for tl: n people?but for the foreign population t idr. in Ort/i/m-nia. When the <'filnese nu lr representation. concurrently wltlj t tho mornl residents of Sun Francisco, to crnmcnt, laws wore enacted which put :lrr? stop to the truffle. It in ended. 1 ire respectable Chinese of Hun Francisco i ly were glad, but actually undertook tone it again those mlscrnblecreatures. A la mberof t hem were KiHhcnnl together, nut ml ship, their pasture paid, and tlcn ryer employed by the employers of th or creatures got out a writ of habeas enr [I brought theni all ashore ntmtn. and ri len compelled by the court let them no aw id this mnn was one of the committee t nt to Washington from Sun Francisco >rcscnt to our government what abcml ns the Clilnes? population were THK IIBASON FAMILIES IK) NOT COME. Vhy arc there no families? The snniuCh n Chinese gentleman whose words T h cred says: "In a great measure It Is t it. ninny of the men who come here uul Inn are bad, but It Is the fault of the tr nt the Chinese have received In this en '. The better classes of women do not en re. because they arc subjected to Insults i oilier hardship*. I could not bring my v re. There are men whose wives live In t y who had to bring them here tn m< thes to save them from the Insults of he us and others. A Chinaman Is not nllo\ become a citizen. He la obliged to gob China; so they do not brine their wl TO." a not that n good and sufficient answer? DO THKY ASSIMIt.ATE? Ill' thlnl point Mr. BlalnomakesIs that" Inese immigration to California bosun w American immigration in WIS. The i rex have been side hy side for more tl rty yearn, nearly ail entire generation, i t one step toward assimilation has been u." Shameful, no matter who wiys it! Wl ? Chinese Immigrants arrived, from the lony of Incontestable witnesses, their hi und shopsand quarters were roused; tl rp pursued by hooting mob*, who hurt, si [ted them ; their bonds were eut open, tl lies bruised and buffeted, and that was tli option In the land of liberty. "imt was their first lesson?that was the f 1> towards assimilation. THE* ARE fXjrSTLY TAXEP. 'hen they have been faxed Inordinately i-ry dlreetion by elass taxation ; taxed as nerlcun ellizeti and no other Immigrant >n, and heavily, too, for schools to wh y were not permitted to send a child. T h the second step In assimilation. Vhen several of tiieni applied for eltlz p, wishing to have the privileges of otrn iiw was passed by Congress that theysho t become voters?which was a thlnl step rd assimilation. They have been hun d hunted, and shot down, and in every \ lceivuble abused without relief, without ise. Not the foxes in the field, nor lives in the wood, nor the bears In the mo ns. have been hurt and hunted us tli iltltudes without riKlrms ; another step rd assimilation. V.'hen the Gospel ispres with a club it Is a failure. I would not converted. Even Htephen took refuge nven when the religious arguments w ines. Can you marvel that the Chinese t like us and do not like our religion? 'he better class, It Is true, do not conic h :ausc they do not get kind treatment, i ire particularly because they cannot br Mr wives with them to settle here as sh do. They would gladly, If they w inted the rights which are not denied to cost foreigner, "I would llketocome," tl uuu I'ubuu inj i|uuur iiiiu nriiiK v th me horc If I can ucqulre property and jtccted." CONFISCATING THEIR PROPERTY. *hlng I<oong was a famous Chinese inorch 10 died twelve yours ago In California wo reat deal of money, leaving a wife and n lldren. When he died his property was n awuy by the Ntatc and his family left ( ute. Thai was a great lesson for the < hi n, and that is why they arc obliged to tj ;ir savings If they have any, back to Chi they could acquire vreal estate they wo tie on wild lands and become fanners. 1 t think since the Jews were expelled fr uln their has been nn instance or more i [ill folly than there Is exhibited In the v empt to expel the Chinese; the very besl rers they have on the Pacific shore for >rk to be done there. E WAR TIIEY LIVE, AND THE WAT TJ ARE TREATED. ilr. Blaine next speaks of the Chinese qi s, and he does not speak any too severe!; m. Jle says that they arc inconcelvu rrlhle?that's because Mr. Hlulne has ne' "haps, been In New York. They live In la emcnt-houscs?numbers crowded Into h of rooms without proper ventilation image. rocKinc wnn nun ann uirt?wn lorrible. Then he goes on to give a long int. uuotlnjj also Dr. Marsh's testimony ! Chinese quarters. I have been throi m and Inspected them myself. Hun iKuagc cannot very well convey to yc tlclent Idea of their Krotesqncncss nnd n likeness to any thine else that Is on theea: e laws of nature are entirely set aside ? Chinaman. The Anglo-Saxon, itlsunl' ly conceded, must have air to breathe; ! Chinaman ilon't need any. I went Inl ,le room barely large enough for one pern :h asufTbcatlngatinosphere?a room perh i by eleven feet. In this a whole fan ed. Out of that, however, opened a kind >teranean jrallerv, along tne sides of wh re what looked, like bunks from floor ling/and In those twenty or thirty Chi n slept. There was neither door nor v v, nor any possible way by which air eo In or get out. Therefore I Infer the Chi n does not want air. What Is said as tot I li Is to a certain extent true; but Mr. Bla [ not state that the city refuses to clean irter. While It undertakes to remove bage and filth of the streets from every < :>art of Ban Francisco, the Chinamen Iged to raise money themselves to do a cleaning, for tho City will not spend i my for the purpose. And he does not st it other portions of the populntlou live I nner as beastly as these?that Is, as souk fse. It would ?>q wrong to gat her from th narks that tht* milk of Chinamen live s way. There are only clusters and tcro e and there that Uveas beasts of the ti ns ruts In holta?as If weasels were hi nil and they #cre burrowing to hide tin kes. THE Jir./U.Tll or THK CHINAMAN.' nc uximuiiiLnm wunii ,nr. diuiiic giwn f?ct tlint tHfcre Is no considerable disc nd break rntr out amongst the CFffnesc t the climate docs not fiivtf* disease; fhi lotorloun that the Chinamen are heull n under such conditions. They are am. usly healthy. The official report of the*' >an Kriuvlsco, elves the following s les of the Inmates of the different asylu re: Total. Xative From Chifii Horn. Ireland. luffHal schhol 22i ? ? iij?I?oukc 4!? 143 lff7 nr spltal 1,113 ],?? 1 it-houso 33 ? ? Tu : Is notorious that the Chinese depenc\ei public support and alms is nothing to * ] er sntTerers irom vice or misfortune owe public. Why should a Chinaman's eh i;rand his hahlls be held up when there 1 tem of living unspeakably worse than hi he tenement houses of New York are no son for restricting Immigration, surely I nese quarters In California may go s< '. Mr. Maine says that tIk-reason I* t uate, and he says, quoting n place, that re were to be !lie same herding of the sal nberof people In Cincinnati, Chicago Kastern city It would breed Hlack Den ;re are twice as many In New York, a y live twice as badly. If people do It he y should they abuse the ('nines*-? Look way In which they are treated In respi his mattci in California. On purpose ress the Chinese an order was passed tl re should be live hundred cubic feet of i wed to every sleeping apartment lor n ion. That Is a very sip all allowance, ii out of doors breathes about two, tli' il cubic feet 01 fill"; tlVn? i* a frtlr pro?i6rtt< Now. look at the conduct of the government: 150 chinamen were arrested for VIOLATING THE LAW OK FRESH AIR and lodged In Jail cell* where there were lean than twenty cubio feet for each prisoner! Well, over five hundred thousand men, women and children are living In New York?one-half of the population of that trreat city live In tenement houses?that arc defined by the law iw house* occupied by more than three families living and doing cooking on the premises or by two families on a tloor. Some j facta respecting the tenement population In ' v-" t?m in< wholesomp. Tlu-v are onlv forty year* (fod. At thatdjito the*yntom beran. Tlie tlrst toll years tlicre were seven thousand. Thorn wore built In theolichtoenmonth? following eighteen hundred. Then- are twenp* ty-ono fhousand of tliowi houses In the city toin I ?lay. The bettor class of thera arc five or nix .. stories high, and the ground floor or cellar In ' often used as a grog shop or distillery. The at middle rooms often receive no lltrlit or air. In il. I on?- ix physician who visited the house reported o-j that there were tUlrty-two moms receiving n- light and ventilation through other rooms, nt I In other places It was found that four families u- occupied a room. 7 '? TENEMENT SYSTEM IN SKW YORK, fl" Mr. Hep worth describes a room In which ,* four families lived, U) divide which there was only a chalk-line marked upon the flovr,,A city living room is, nay, 12* 10. It In dark; " and, a* a rule without ventilation. The moat ;t populous portion of London does not contain } more tlSt^75,000, but there is one ward in New i York, boanded by Ferry Street, Chatham Street and the East River, that has a popula, tlon of 290.000 to tbe?quare mile. In the wont 'l* place In all Europe there are only 175/500 per. Jp sons to that space ; In New York, 290,00ft In . ? several blocks the average Is 750 to the acre, while the moit densely populated part of London ha* less than 300 to the acre. In one bloek In the Elevcnm wara, mere ?ro miy-iwo i*nement houses, occupied by 5HB famine*. There Is one bouse In the city where the nnmbor of J. tenants reaches 1,500, and It is n common thing " to have an average of lQp souls to a bouse of 3r> "* feet frontage. Dr. Richard Derby says, from 'r~ personal Investigation, one building which W had only a 35 feet front contained 182 inmates. fP Why, there can hardly be room enough lor ,n them to lie down J He declares that In the ontiro Eastern quarter from KastRivernnd Hous, '? ton Street up to Fortieth street, there is an f, overcrowding of human beings In comparlson to the space occupied far beyond anything 1" known in any other civilized cor.ntry. 'J* Mr. Blaine did not know of this I ] SEW YORK HOKKOK8. m- Ah-h-h ! the trouble with the Chinese 1* ll- that they have no vote. Things snch as the facts staled by Dr. B. Roosn, who says 20.U00 le medical students In New York city aro atlis tructed there by the prevalence of diseases In an tenements, arc Ignored. The district of N w en York is a good place for medical student* to go and study ulseafccs, been use the tenement nouses offer specimens of every disease known in human nature. So New York P?* now possesses Its Chlneese quarter. But a on Chinese quarter Is polluted; it Is a den come8> pared to four whole wards in the City ol JU" New York. In consequence of the vices and ,re crimes generated in this tenement system Jn* the death rate of their population Is swelled Sn as compared with the rest of the city. In Cl- New York the death rate Is IS per 1,000; in es" the tenement houses It Is thirty-six. Of the cr" thousands of children who are born in many rp" of these quarters, the medical testimony ! P.11" that very few of the children survive, l'hej "y are poisoned in their birth from their parent n? In the atmosphere that rec?lvcs them aud In tn* the milk on which ther are fed. Why, ii 11' you wore to take one or those places from .or the Chinese quarter In San Francisco, which they say If transfcred to St. Louis or Chlcasc J or any Eastern city would breed the Black Death, and transfer It to some places In Ne* ">r' York, it would improve th? condition o "'J things fifty per cent. But the great thing li ml ?New York Is largely Inhabited by Qermalis Italian and Irish. tfj WHAT MH. BT.AISE SAYS. ,mj Then Mr. Blaine goes on to say tho systeir I of labor carried on by the Chinese la a bai rud System. H'>nri<s: on. "It Is not Inevitable, that a class of mer icjr 11 v111k lu this degraded and filthy condition und on the poorest of food, can work for lew than the American laborer Is entitled to re celve for ills di'lly toll ? Put the two clnssei the'<>f labor side by side and the cheap servili ftn labor pulls down the more manly to It* level 'JlO ! lno irt'C? wniic inuuriT nc^ci wmu uwmpcu not with tho sluvo labor of the Konlb. In tli< ,nj Chmuninii the white laborer find only anoth rirc i or form of servile competition?In come re on ; spucts more revolllug and corrupting that tj10 . the African slavery. Whoever contend* fo 0SI. i the unrestricted Immigration of Chlnesi p,,J coolie* contend* for that system of tol ;,1V | which blights the prospect of the white In av.; borer?dooming him to starvation wage* jm{ i killing his ambition by rendering Ills strug > to boneless nnd ending In a plodding am niv_ pitiable poverty." TUB ItEASOX A CHINAMAN W0HK8 CHEAP J.V. , A Chinaman work* cheaply because hi cannot get luort'i Helsjust uw willing to g? ron: tWH dollars" day ft* an Irishman. He wouli Ml(li bo very glad to. lllit he conici over u greet j"1: hand, he does notspeak In our language, 1 T"| unnddlcted to our forms of Industry, nnd un til he learns them lie Is obliged to take tin J condition asali uiilnstrueted laborers? u low ! '" rule of wage*, lie I* nble to live on timet; , | cents where an Irishman cannot upon tw< ?n'K I dollars. Why? Because the whole brooi ' nnd breed whence you and I came since tb> ~yjt! day* of ('aesar have been such enormous eat nek b*-'1"8 '''"'rmons drlukers of every * thing stimulating, distilled or vlnottr, or fer L': ' inented. The Chinamen, oil the other hand | nrc by nature a tempernte people. They IIv< | on vegetables, green fruit, rice and flsh. The; | are obliged to Jive upon these tlilncs In the! the' own country, for the reason that they canito 'Itli . Ret anything else. When they com* to ou two! countiy they bring their habits with llirm uin I "I'd tills food, quite In accordance with mod md , crn hygienic prescription, satisfies tlicm, am tn-1 It is so cheap that thev can live for a trifle. j believe wu have yet thousands pf things t lion learn from the French and oriental nation ten- before our civilization shall complete Itseli >us- In the way of how to make a enmfortnbl hov living out of poor victual* bv adding th iot, pepper nnd suit of skill In dealing with th ielr raw productions which we cix>k. A Krenol iclr family will live on what we waste. It wa said In the old times, when the Ucrmni Irst on me to New England, he could live on wha the Yankee threw a way, and a Jew couli live on what the Herman threw away. Now the Chinaman would II ve on what the Jei In ! throws uway. 1,0 KKlLLFri. COOKING. I eh Nothing Is poor living provided skill make . It palatable and noiirlstiing. We go to mar ket, take a cut of meat, nut It on a grlddl 0_ or on a greasy spider, bring it to the table >rs" and cut It, eat It vastly, voluminously, ?pru Dj'fj elously. and wash It down with not overmen ^ eilclal liquor. A Frenchman would take i r(j serup of It, render ll into a nice soup, such i k,_v perfcct production that nobody could go ti; ,j(t_ his house without Ionising for an luvllatloi jlJ0 to dine there. The art of skillful cooking re un_ duces the espenseof living at the same tlhi l|lW1 that It Increases luxury. Our populattoi to- might live better for half the money the; tcl). now squander In coarse riotous living. Th l,c Chinaman is not personally rniiiy in inum-i l? Hp practlcoti dully ablution. lie washed 111 ore whole person every morning, unci I an (|0 afraid tlmt In more than most Americans cm say. He wears n peculiar blouse, but It I* al ere way* eleim. lie hus different notion* n uid cleanliness from our*. One when sent to th ing well for a couple of buckcts of waler whei tl,0 he had tx-en working In the garden, In ?) er(. honesty of idea, washed his feet In one of Ih the buckets, threw the water nwa.v, filled 111 1(sy burkels, and then brought them totha lious ,-jio with drinking water. On b?lng rebuked fa 1i*. the uncleanllncs* of It. the opaque heathei could not understand how a little clean gar den dirt could so defile a buekef, while al the wat<*r In the well had togodown throng] ant the garden sot 1 to get Into the well. Howev rtli <*r, there I* a groat difference between twee Ine dledumnnd twee.Uedee. But some thing! tu- clcan in us are unclean for them. Amoni les- the Chinamen you will find that If they Ail na- occasionally In their way to realize our idea> ike of the fitness of things, in their persons nu. their heads, face, hand*, feet and dress the; uld are much cleaner than tlie average of labor do mg people In this country, Hull N0 "RtrXKEN OH LAKY CHIJfAXKN. PUd There is another reason why n T'hlnamai |u. lives cheiiply: because he has no family t< tlie support; but then it should be borne In mini that when children are fifteen or sixteen, I they arc properly brought up. they contrlt ute as much to the household as Is spent up on them. Nor does the Chinaman drlnl tar-' whiskey. You never saw a Chinaman drunl v of| In CallfornJu. They ar?- diligent men; thoj I'btv | work early and late; they are patient, Inge nlous and Imitative,virtuous and Industrl re<| oiis: and It is because they are vlrtuou ov. that they are able to live by thi or side of foreign labor; and not as Mr. Blaln ileh ' H>y?. because of their vices. It Is the firs ac.j time I overheard such a statement as tha of people could live cheaply because they wor vicious! Jt Is said they send back thel earnings to their own country. I should Ilk iu a to know whether they send buck half a tter' ni?fh as the Irish servant girls?to their 1m rtl, | moital honor be it spoken?send back, x bv' | that there is a golden road between their nev rer. home and that which they have qulttedbut sand back to father and mother, and brothe t0' and sister,or sweetheart. In dear old Krin lo,, ! We honor them for It. Is a Chinaman to b< nni|; disgraced because he sends back b.'s earning! aps , * i. it thiiir ll]v ! l" IIIS <" UIIICIB III ......... . ...... ....... I fjr; virtue In the Irlsli Is n vice In the Chinese' j(.jj nut do they send buck nil? It stands upol j0 I testimony thut Is Irrefutable that but fo mi.i their Inborn the Central 1'ucltic Kallroad or ,.jJj_1 the Northern Pacific or the long reachlnj uld ! Pacific Railroad would not have been con n?. strutted. Did they send these buck to Chin* ?.jr 1 It whs fhelr Industry thnt built them. nn< lLe | their Industry remains Incarnated and em 11)0, bodied. Some forty thousand acres of wash Ij,c | Inn<1 which had been submerged In Callfor ,U,. nla have been drained tind secured to tiling* are by the labor of Chinese Immigrants. Pu lit. they wild these back? They are all ove ?no our continent developing Industries, open Rtc Ini? uplhe xoll to cultivation In farms, delv n h1 inB In the mines, working In our fuctorlei P?f| and promoting the Industrlrsof our nntion fj?0; Though they may send back a portion o l? the wages of their labor the resists of theli ui,g labor abide with the Htate. j t'ld I EQUALITY I)KMANDKp. [!"'r I have spoken of taxation that whs Impos ed upon them. It was one of the most out | ragcous thing* that has ever happened unde: ! any government, and it was pure class legls of latlon. I do not want any favor for the Chi QiiC i naman, but simply that while he Is here hi Is i shull be on the same footing as other foreign it i ers. If they have to pay 810 for the prlvllcfi hy of landing here, let all foreigner* be made tc >m.. pay for it. Ity j extortion ny the oovekjfment. ?il" If to send back Hip dead body of a China j man In his native country (I lax of $10 Is lev ... j led. then let It be Sin for everybody. CIiixi I legislation Is odious all the world over, bul . especially mm wmcn lias urcn (hik iivtu .. ' ! California. 'J'hfcre Is a ma?f nftmcd Brooks In i i California, n' fnwyer. He Ik not n paid udvo' | cnte for theft).; He says one of the lawa pass iI to alt'cct them was one by which every Chinese passcncer comlnu to California win , ivi received hie pawnee, whether he performed ' i his contract or not, whether liel./in.vd or wa! ; thrown overboard, must pay a tnpf.atlon tax 2 1 of Slfi. 157.S80 were landed betwfefi the date , ' of this law In lK>j and lsTB, and $10 ft h6.id wm " paid for each : .so, 11 legally and Inconsistently, a million and a half of dollars was exact' h' 1 ed from the oppressed Coolies hy the officer J if of the State. The case of I.hit; Sinn agalnsl mf> | Washburne was decided In I.sii2, when a for_ elini minim: tax of SI or St had been collected 1 up to that time. There had then been KT.OtX j arrivals of Chinamen, and If half, of thh r number paid this Illegal tax for ten yfrars ll I was collected It would amount to 831,0110,01)0, It should be remembered that all the Chinese , who came there were adult males, and It If 1U. not likely that the collectors, bUne paid 6 ,lr liberal percenface, mtssed anv 6f them. Oi .... the money thus Illegally collected we have ? no data. Then there was a poll tax of three dollars a head levied, and we, are told thai )n. | fticru were sixty Ihoutand C'bincte In the ????ag city, to tbat we can approximate what that came to. They were cither obliged toeutotr their queue#?a measure only resorted to lu tliclr own country by Judicial tribunal* as a dire dlxirrace?or puy a tax for wearing it. They were KOT KVEH A I. LOWED TO CTT TO KIR HAIR AS THEY LI K YD or wear it as they were minclfd. Amonr modern literary men no man beam a more brilliant reputation than Jonquln Mil* icr, and lie hus ntftf wri ten a poem a* well m he him written the letter which 1 hold In my hand. When u man who is a treat literary genius devotes himself to plcjuilng for the Welfare of those who cannot speak for themselves there in nomich eloqnencea* that man can then utter; and It in not the eloIquence of literature, it is the eloquence of {humanity. He *ay? that the honest men of I the Hlerrw Nevada welcomed them. "Hide by *ide they worked together for many years, i Every miner of those days who hax no selflah | end* to *erve will iclailly tevtlfy to tbe luces* * twt* nf ftUDl inuunu> unu iinvurwi R./.?a ???wt, ... thwe ilcnt little brown men. It la probable tliNt ul the iwinc llino they were terribly oppreiscd by the county authorities, but they s)w<iy*eniiH up promptly without a word of compUiintnnd paid what wom demanded of them. The Hutuiufnl then win Ave dollars ft head. TMKY had COXSTATrn/T TO k?dc** wko.xcw from every drunken hoodlum who tbonght flt to lmpo?e upon them; yet they wer? Kaceful people. I wt on the bench ss a dKc," he says, "yet the cniendars both of criminal und civil procedure showed tea white men to one Chfnuman appearing thereon, though the Chinese population outnum-' bered the whites. J never smw u Chinaman drunk, cither as a miner or ft magistrate. i never saw a Chinese beggar and never s?w ft Iniy Chinaman. They ?re, perhaps, th? moat industrious people In the world. It la ft part of the Chlnnman'a religion that In the weat of his face he shall eat his bread." This 1r the testimony of a literary man who known no politic* and who has no Interest In this sublect except the honesty of the com* mnoltyr cnnisT ob eosrrcrtrs. ' Mr. Blaine sold this generation had got Uf decide whether the Western portion ofthl* continent should be held for the religion of Chri.t or Confucius. In the first place, Con' fncius never had any religion and never. taught any, and therefore this blunder ought ? not to have been committed. He was ft teucher of what should be called ft domestlo and moral philosophy under ft paternal government, toe duties of subjects to kings and kings to subjects, ot thcptopleto the mugtstrales and the magistrates to the people, of children to parents and parents to children* of the duties of brothers, and in fact everything relating to whal might be called (To* mestic political economy. But?and I say It deliberately?If I were obliged to choose betwoen Confucius and the style of Chrlstlani* ty which is prevalent in Sun Francisco ; among the hoodlums I would rather accept 1 Confucius. I 1 shall say very little about the violation of treaty which Mr. Blaine alleges. He makes > a long head on this sublcct; namely, that the Chinese government nas never kept the 1 treaty one single day: that they permitted ' forced emigration wjien, as the treaty said, it ' should be voluntary. I have shown that It 1 Is voluntary. Mr. Blaine has been utterly misinformed In this matter. He says they are made to emigrate from Hong Kong; but ' Hong Kong Is a British port, and If ships go ' there to convey emigrants thence they are sublcct to very rigid rules and supervision and Inspection. Honorable British leglsla' tlon would not permit of the horrible b?rrftcoons in which Chinamen are confined to b? ' sent away willy-nilly. It has been said it la ' very dnngcrous to trade. I will not panaeto 1 answer that; but when It ( said religious >. sentiment In California is adverse to It, I am acquainted enough personally with the religions teachers of California to sftT that Mr. . Blnlne is totally misinformed, or nas totally I misapprehended public sentiment. I will take Mr. Penn's assertion upon it?the sectl? . ment of a most anxious, conservative man In the ministry of the ehnrch. He says that Immigration should be encouraged ; he doe* . not think to Its utmost extent, but that Cht. niimen ought to be possessed of their right* , and defended In them, and It Is the duty or the Chrlstlnn chnrches In California to tftka J careofthrm. I find ministers very friendly , and kind in their feelings toward the Chines* . population. When It romes to matter or . ?tat?*inan*hlp the brilliant Senator maf . rather have tne best of It. but when ft eornee . to it question of religion I tblnk I rather havtf . him at un advantage, 1 " HI.AIMC OX LABOR. I may be asked now whether Mr. Blalnn . > makes anv more when he takes bold of thtf ^ labor question. Heauvs: ' "This Chinese question connects Itself intimately and Inneparnbly with- the labor . question. Their Immigration Is encouraged hv?imcnn?nlv. bv manv secretly, because1 their labor In cheap. Tfic rtxperiment la * , moat danjrerou* one. In a Republic, where , the mnn who work* rarrlca a ballot In hit 1 hand*. It will not do for capitalized wen 1th to ' IcgUlute for cheap labor. H'c do not want " cht-flp labor: we do not want dear labor. War ' want labor nt fnlr intea: At rate* that (halt : elveihe laborer hli lair ahare, and capital II* ialraliaro." UEECIIER'S OPIWr<*X AS TO THB *I*D 9W I.ABOK WE XEED. r Thl* a very apcclou* and a very aopblrtk*!. : atutrment. We do not waul high work or - low work or middle work. We want every man to be paid lila real valoe, When we are I, rieallnv in nuittrr, organizing It into proper* c ty, we want low him] cheap labor, becauae y there I* low work to be done. Too then lay r the foundation for a higher ciaaa workman.' t Later oil wo want Inventive and decoratlv* r aklll. If there In anything which haa stirred i, California It U thl* cheap labor. Itl*a?ton l*hlng thatn gr*nt HUte, which haa million* :i of acre* lying waate bceanae titer* are no 1 hand* to till them, abonld seek to drive out d men who arc ? tiling to Irrljcate and prnctico the art* of hn*handry ; who hit willing to ait r, down In ihe l*nd under condition* to which - wl,l.? I.,tw? will nxl l.n/4 11 maI f If th<? la c one thing which California wants, It Is cheap c labor to developc Itself, and, after that, high* li priced labor will come In, If It had not been k lor the railroad there would have bean u</ 1 room for the laborer to have come there. ' GOOD RE9l'I,T or CIUMUtK LABOR. , From IfMO to I8M chamber-maids received there an much ns seventy and eighty dollars monthly wage*. That wn? a very good thing for chamber-maids, hat how about the faml- , Ilea who hiul to pay It 1 How many of thoscf a ho kept house hired them ? It was good for' . the monopolist In thl* one, but It went dlc recti* n;aln*t the public Interest, aunluatclv* >, illr.ittlon and development. It tended todls- * i- parage the household. We brought Irish i. chambermaids down, nnd we And that It la a r benefit to the community. If Chinese cheap a labor I* In some Instances a Ion* to Irish sety tiers, they are nevertheless preparing the way I for other labor. There are more white men ? laboring In California because Chinamen are ? employed there. Take, for Instance, a ahoo n manufactory- at Hacramento City. It employy ed one hundred and fifty Americana and fifty e Chinese. That eminent apostle of religion (. nnd liberty, Dennis Kearney, mine alongand s rulfed n row about employing Chlnatrten. and n the firm were obliged under the pressure of it tho mob to discharge thoac fifty Chinese.' . What wos the resalt? They could not afford ,f to pay wages to tlfty more white men and e | make a profit on the roods they fnannfaeturn I ed. The factory Is shot up and one hundred II and fifty while men have lost their employit menl and wnyes. It Is the capacity of Chinae I men to do such part of the work as will ena- , blc the factory hands to work on a higher r grade and earn higher wages. The white* a need, to assist them In their working, the on-' . der classes, lhe hewers of wood and drawer* 1 of water. Our people do not WNAt to do what t, the Chinese do. Yet such la the Insanity . which crazes the people toward the humblo . folk who are willing to do hntnble work that a they arc endeavoring to dispossess them ; j they stamp on them though thev arelndebN I ed to them for their prosperity. It will ba i the greatest curve that will ever befall their : Htntt If they espel from their cltiea those j who now serve them as common laborers. ' IH THE CHINESE A BAKBAROCH G0VMUT T It will make nodiflerence In regard to the t treaty whether the Issue aorogates it or not< u' Men say It will have that effect; and that the r] Htate Departments are mult anxious for iv } new treaty wltli China. But Chinamen have K as much rleht to cotne to these shore* as any, ? other Inhabitant of the globe, whether (here { Is ft treaty or no treaty. Thoy have a right to t come from Nootka sound, from iiova Zemblft / , or Greenland, from every nation upon earth' % ? and land in our ports, or in this city without " > . uny treaty. It is our policy and our national B law of custom: And though we take away. c the treaty right* of Chinaman they still hav# P the right to come In here voluntarily, and t they will continue to come though not pert haps In the name wny. It Is skid that there, c are 400,UW,000 of Chinamen in China. Where r is there any danger of there being such a e stream of Chinese Immigrants docking tq ? this land as has been confidently predicted ? i. j We rcjul that there .are about sixty thousand o, Chinamen in this countpy tq-flay?that Is: v ] there is ubout one to every five hundred or _ I white people In this nation. Why, the crate r I about them puts one in mind of the oid say* . | lngf"Onesimll put a thousand to flight and t%?# ? I ten thousand." flow do you Mfpp'oae they b i are going to break their moorings Itj China W* k comc over here? Why talk of ft as ft b'arbar;] tan country when sofne of Its barbarism i should be infused Into us? How can any r 1 government which has rulrd for thousands of * years be a barbarian government? Are wo ?: not in all our shop* imitating thMr pattern* .land ideas and the otitcorrte of their loofnt? ?| no bond required of jc cftlnxbjc *!?' 1 cmajct; * Are they not elever accountants In a mereao tile point of view ? They hire gone largely * into commerce and arfc fofcnd ho<?**t and sa, gaclous. The te*tlmony is that In California ; Chinamen do not He; I hovo never heard I ?k?t nKn>?* tti. V..n.l.<>n V I iiiiu uuwui IIIC i ttumcr/ i imw iickj UCRIU *(irubout the Irish* or ev?rn the Dutchman. " Give him tlmf M\\., Bull And this testl | mony befbre the Congressional Commission i: from u gentleman who says, "When discharge 1J lug nmrlnt Inmes, 1 never take any boud ' from a Cbmn merchant. Their word 1* as i good as another man's bond." Then they auk j "Do yrm take bonds from ordinary Amerl. | can merchants?" He suvs "Always." "Do .; you never take a bond from ft Chinaman t" r 1 lie declares that he never did, and that h* . | never knew a Chinaman to overstate hi* .' goods when they had bean damaged or k*t. > i Kven the President of the Merchants' Ex11 change declares that of the stock dealers and > men who transact buMnesa there be never [ ] knew a man who lost a dollar by a China I merchant. It Is the testimony among emi plover* of labor that have had transactions | to the amount of a million or of a million > and a half of dollar** and yet never lost ono dollar by a chinaman. Th*y are called hea?' then, llielr country has a stationary clvilU [ '74ition. It has u strange history. They got i! up to oeitaln point and then stood stllh i j Tliey took a seat. It is so high that It is . not , right to cull theni uncivilized people/ ?Jo# they lovo their country and lovo their eov' , eminent, and think they are the great Mid> die Kingdom, They do not knolr but we arc I Just as likely to emigrate lo China as they ?! are to come here. The great bulk of those 1 who have come here havceomc from Cantont where they have been oppressed In vurloua I 1 w ft vs | Let os be thankful that <hM bill, put through . for political reasons, did not receive the sancililon of the President. Ood guided his \ thoughts and directed hfs III. Tlint wise : Slate paper which he ha$ drawn up Js a docU nment tliat will stand fji history after tho ' honors thnt surround mrn are gone. And )?l 11 us, one and all, in the ATM f.'ilth of human niW ?j luve, let ub be mnde fh the full fftltft . I that liberty Is th6 n)osl conservative Influr [ ence on the globe?!'ni/ul],fhlih and enthtfsL !: asm for liberty, for liberty 6f conscience, fnt4 i liberty of expression, foij liberty of Industry^ f| let us lake our$Und upon thehi and tran?11 nilt to other generation* this imperishable >; legacy descended, from fteaved, whtcli 1* an, '[Influence preparing men to rcnsccuJ aud >| stand with the sons of GoU,