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_____ ? ~~ ' ' i ' -' ' . " 1 ''; ~r t : : ... - - ' - -. - . * - . . " s . [ i >".. ? 10 aL>J ...^ ,..,.r..... , V?''' ;.. T .w??i ii'-i ? i t. , - :.. . : v .'!? j *' -? ' ?! , ri>n?vf?r? :fUT "to *.: > > ^ ^ ...J, '* -*"1 ** iv?I fbiat* I1JBBEVILLE. , ....: ? < ; t ? ?. '?:!! ri.\,i'b t*. U>; c t+'tni rby>til5tl' j, T" >r' , . < ? ? ; ' if . ' , ' . ; x? .7 J/f r. - V J .... " . . . ... "i %''! r'*/ ,, , t . *?""> *?l! '.& "i l>. -ifclU VtHXItHti - -- ' : ? . .-iw- ' ' ' ' ' :r.!;. ,?rrj - - - '. ' . 'A 'ruuit'!!->{ a ni jarl :. fit ur-;?: % ,r , , ;r: -r. r?-.- ?;^^ . .. ?..V' r'. .' " ' . m; !u.> i - 1 - ,i..:. -<; n;... , 'V 1MIBY HtJGHVlISON AND W. C. BENET. ABBEVILLE, S. C., WEDNESDAY, JUNE:2<>, 1878. ,?; N0- '3.::;,;V0L^ME^^fl^||l " * * r:TrjJ'T>-^TTT T ^ *; *f*. ' .'.ii* "ir , ' > . k '!":yn Hs'y M**"'!? >? ; '.T 1V>- ! ^ , V /?> >'/' "' ' i,n 1 v' 1 A 1TUJ A Ciutain Lectore. 1. i H H '?? A ?1 s 4i:se r. h * { f What! go to the country thiB summer ? Now that'S too absurd, Mr.. 0.! ? ?& Jobury the ^la_^a ^rn^ijwmgo, inhere never a man they will see. t? m How can yon expect them to marry ? f *v Yonhavqn'tttf^'money to spend ? ajll I tell yon that's all stuff and nonsense. . *, , ? l'on'U find it costs most in the end, . . When they're left on your hands for a lifetime; oa had l?tenod to me, ?? And retrench ad in'w rbitf other direction? V; J J fflyW, you W Mr. U!! I've told every body we're going r ' To Long Branch, and then to the Springs ; And now to come down to the country! They'll be saying all manner of things. Have you thought of the shock to your credit? That's worth more than money, you say : hope folks will think It ia meanness, And not that you really can't pay. I think you might try to afford it. It don't matter much about me, But the girls will be go disappointed? It's cruel, it is, Mr. B. The Grays have asked Julia to Newport; I worked hard enough, I am sure, To get her invited last winter : Must she write now and say she's too poor To boy t respectable outfit ? , 2What excnso nhecan make I don't know, And it never will do to offend them : Indeed, Mr. B., she must go ! > They move in the very best circles ; It's a chance that she oughtn't to Bliss : I I'd. never have given th&t party, > If I'd thought it was coming to this. Don't W1 me'that oo&l shares have fallen! That's the way with you?off upon stocks, Whenever I ask for a dollar, Or tell you the girls want new frocks. Seems to me, to be risking your money In this way is very unwise; And if you will do it, why don't you Invest in something that will rise ? Y ou know how we all hate the oountry, And just because board there is cheap To ask us to go there this summer! ? Mr. B., I believe you're asleep! ?Bazar, j : i THAT LITTLE PLACE OF BROWS, j J The plate was mine, and we lived as ' coziiv-there, my wife and little daughter nn/1 T no hirrifl in ft np.Rf-,. nntil the ' Blacks, some old friends of ours from the city, came to live in our neighborhood. We were at supper one night when my -wife told ma " They're going to take the French roofed houae around the corner," said Sallyi with the big extension and conservatory, and as I happened to be walking out just as the trucks came down, I couldn't help seeing that the parlor furniture is of crimson satin damask and | ebony?I think it's ebony, but I won't be j sure," continued my wife; " but at any , 12 rate it% inlaid." . r"Well, that's a comfort, any way," j said L "If you're positive it's inlaid, j Sally, you can perhaps go on with your i supper, V ? V "Yes,"" she said, So* preoccupied with her theme that she hadu't eaten a mor- ; sel, "and there's the handsomest bed- : room set for Jane that I 'most ever laid 1 my eyes on; it's one of these dressing bureaus, Joe, with a magnificent plateglass that reaches down to tho floor." U " ooi/l T <' VAH /tort I iiini O o<uu x, xvu vuu run arouHd there when you have your next gown fitted, and see the hang of it," [ " I don't expect to run around there," ; said Sally, craning her neck up stiffly, j \ turning up the end o? her nose, and ' drawing her lips do^. ' . , '"'""Why, what's thfe "matter?" said If!; " Wasn't Jane friendly ? I've done many j a good turn for Black'm my day, and I |; hope they're not going to turn the cold !: shoulder now?" j " Oh, she was friendly enough," said 1 Sally; "but we can't expect, Joe, that people living in that kind of style can be ; upon terms of intimacy with people that <, r live as we do. There are certain restrictions in soeiety v " Restrictions be hanged!" I cried. " I'm as good a man as Black any day .. -in the week.", V You're as good as the President, for that matter," said Sally; "but it's all like a pair of scales, Joe, when one goes up another goes down, and, from the ! way things look, it '11 take a pretty heavy weight cn the Blacks' side to bring them down to our position." I most own this kind of logio vexed me a little. I knew pretty well how Black stood commercially, and I told ! Sally there wasn't a-feather's weight on his Bide, so far as the -favors of fortune were conoeraed. "If he has a mind to live above his means," said I, "he can i do it, and take the consequences." "He has just as good a right to live ; above his means," said Sally, "as you I have to live beneath yours." woo l?ni? Pa?4.liiftn ftprnw T i went out the door, and it rankled a little all the wdy down in the train,' the more sharply that I found Black the center-of an admiring bevy at the depot He had quite an imposing make-up and a glib tongue, which he used in inveighing against our system of paving. He complained of the condition of a good many things in our young township, and seemed to gain popularity with ev?ry fault that he found. At last he spied me, and was exceedingly loud and effusive in his salutation. ^ r. ? '{ "Hallo, Brown!".. he said, shaking my hand again and again, and deolaring to the people about him I was an old friend whom'he was glad to unearth. Tve run you down, you sly fox. That's a snug little place around the oorner?very snug indeed!" I wouldn't have believed it possible I oould have been such an ass as to feel flattered by this familiarity of Black's, but I found myself smirking and nodding with . great complacency. Here were at leaat -half d dozen of the gentry about" m6 who lived in big houses in my neighborhood, that I had been going up and down to the city with for years, yet scarcely knew them well enough for an exchange of civilities, and here was Black already hand in glove with the finest of them. It makes me sick now when I remember that I turned my back op poor old 1 White, and went toadying on with this aristocracy. White lived" iiT even a smaller house than mine, and had hard enough work to pay for that He had failed in business some years before, aud I don't know what they would have done without their boy Bob. He was with me in the city, and I knew that a goodly portion of the tad's ?trn*ingc were given over to the enpport of the house. ^ Jt was rather hard for but he bore life lot ;with greet resignation, ifqispQ ov^rr-pretty often to have a game of cribliage*and talk over business matters^ -with me, and I found him sharp enough at both. Then he had a pleasant way with the women. Our little Rosalie was little more than a child, but Sally used to brighten up when Bob came in, till she got into that kink about the Blacks. "You'll stay here with Rosalie, won't you, Bob, till we come back ?" I said to i vonng White, and as I spoke I felt Sally give a savage pinch to my arm. No sooner were we outside the door than she began about poor Bob. "If you have no regard for your daughter's future, and choose to throw hef away on a poor miserable beggar Hke Bob White?" began Sally. > 7 r?* ' * Why, my dear," I broke in, " Rosa| lie's a mere child. Don't begin to plan t about her future,' I beg of you. She's a I scarcely left,. off her pinafores, and if h | e\ssr thftifeVae '-maiden meditation, fancy free,' auy where it lies in the brown ' efyq&.oLpur Rosalie.".. \ p ; By taut* time we had peached the im- h poHfisg portal of Black's houRe, and were ii soon ushered into the presence of the t satin damask and ebony. Black's chil- a ! dren were none of them grown, but were n j precocious enough "to take the lead in fi conversation; and we sat for a whole a i mortal hour and listened to the eldest w ! .girl hammer out upon the piano what fi | Mrs. Black called a "reverie." I was glad when Black took me into his li- a: | brary. S! But a goodly quantity of poison wa?i a: 1 infused into Sally's system and mine be- o fore we left the big luxurious house,and tl we went home together as changed as if d touched by the rod of an enchantcr. "Dear me J" said Sally, "what a little si cubby-hole this is! I declare it's quite like a baby house !" si "I'd like to have a library like ai Black's," said I, taking up the refrain. 4 <T Pn ?\?aa l/\ V* rt n vaatvi " T finTIOrl << JL L O IUV/C tu uavo ? JLUUUI) J- VV/UUUUCUy to Bob White, "where a man can take o his friends. It would be far pleasanter, y for instance, if you and I could have our y game of cribbage without the continual gabble of women in our ears." y "Oh, I don't think so," said Bob?"I Y don't think so at alL" s< The lad looked over at Rosalie and s< blushed ingenuously. The color deep- tl ened in Rosalie's cheeks till it went far | tl ahead of the crimson in Black's Batin tc damask upholstery, and a shy gleam shot from her brown eyes that sent a si flood of light into my obtuse cranium. fa I began to think that Sally was right. A Bob White was all very well in his way, ti but no sort of a match for my daughter tc Rosalie. She was my one ewe lamb? ui the bonniest, best, and dearest little n< girl the sun ever shone upon. And be- " sides all this, there was the secret con- fr scionsness that she could, if she wanted ti to, dress "in silk attire, and siller hae tc to spare." I hadn't lived in a plain way m all these vears for nothine. People si about roe began to realize that although ai Brown lived in a small house, he was a ki man of no inconsiderable means. Black to had i/. .^aged to convey this intelligence ri to them, and I found no fault with this ai friendliness on his part Old White cr never thought of such a thing as taking the seat beside me now on our way down bi in the train; it was generally filled by rii more popular parties, and I began to bi take quite an interest in the social and Y< political points of discussion. ar All this cost me considerable in the ar way of time and money. My games of cribbage were few and far between, and vc I put my name to all the subscriptions cl they chose to get up; but I didn't mind as the money, and I had long since deter- ? mined that the less Rosalie saw of young ar White the better. The color grew a little less vivid in herronnded cheeks, and the wi light less mischievous and joyous in her as eyes, but Sarah said?I thought this wt was really a more suitable name for my op wife's years and dignity?that her beauty was growing more and more refined sh every day. It had even lately attracted go the attention of Mr. Percival Green, the so: junior member of Black's firm, and B( Green was one of those live, active busi- ge uess fellows who are sure to make his sh mark in the world. I told mv wife to lit spare no expense for Rosalie's advance- ye ment and happiness, bnt was sorry to see a lack of spirit upon her part, and a quiet denial 'to partake of "these new pleasures of popularity. One thing was certain?radical ineas- sii ures must be taken to put a gulf be- m< tween her and Bob White that could ev Dot readily be bridged over. The whole be White family were a proud as Lucifer, du and I knew I should have very little th< trouble in convincing them that the old ce intimacy had better be broken off. My cei new house on the Boulevard began to of take noble dimensions, and had already fe^ cost me a mint of money. Its marble its halls were spacious enough to chill me wa to the bone, and there was quite a mel- we ancholy expanse of mud and masonry of inits vicinity. se< It rather surprised mo, when I put ov our snug little place in the hands of the mc agejit, that my wife was bo willing to in part with the furniture too. I thought wa a few of the familiar old time-servers wo might be used to advantage somewhere. gi| in the new house, and I confess to a th< feeling of keen disappointment when she wa that flvnrvthinc Trmst, art. " Wft CO' don't want to set up a second-baud junk- tin shop on the Boulevard," said Sarah; and ea: I was ashamed to foster these old-fash- fe< ioned sentiments, till one morning I se' found Rosalie crying over my old arm- mt chair in the sitting-room. It was a th< bungling old trap, covered with a queer th< pattern of chintz, where the tail of each fri bird-of-paradise had gradually faded br with many a waphing. But the bulgy W back seemed to have fitted itself to my hu weary spine, and the well-worn arms of co: the chair were always cordially held out lio to me. sti I am glad you've got a tear or two afi to spare, Rosy," I said, ''at parting gr with old friends. I'll never get another lei so lenient wi'.h my rickety bones." th " I'll never part with it father," said eij Rosalie. And I didn't care to tell her of err her mother's decree. wi In the meantime, however, I had po broken the intelligence to poor Bob, as up kindly as I could, that it would be bet- lif ter to cease his visits at the house. I tu think, as well as I remember, that I did w< put the blame upon my yife. I was to glad to see that he took my communica- ro tion in a manly, practical way, and bore 9e up nnder it wonderfully. It troubled th me that Rosalie seemed to take the matter so much more to heart. Young 0e Green's turn-out was seen quite fre- in quently at our door that winter, and I gj was tired of my wife's apologies about the house and its appurtenances. Every day" that drew me nearer to the dranghty chao3 on the Boulevard lent a warmer charm to the snug little home I was A. leaving, and I found I was not alone iu la my appreciation.1 No sooner had it be- A come known that my little place was in ct the market than offers began t<S pour in ri f L. L All i.L ' _ !* irom ameraut (juuriwrb. ah mewe oners i t?t were referred to the agent, who told mo j bi one morning an he was passing that the | di house bad been rented and the furniture ' N Bold some txwe since to a young married i t* couple. * b] '""Here's aifofcher pair in search of a w puptiai neat," I said, as I propped up an w ingeniously carved bit ofa?igar box on e the maple tree beneath my window. I y felt a little blue as I went iu to my h breakfast, and had scarcely broken my k egg when the bell rang, and I found u Black atrtbe door. His f&ce Was ashy ri pale, and his hand trembled upon his n golff-headedt^itte. ~ b - "-j^iriore "bacl news?" I stammered' t] out, for some speculations of ours had- tl turned oat very disastrously of late. ' t< " I'm a ruined.man'" said Black, sink- a ing into a chair fcy the parlor door. v Big beadg of teri#r started to my. own fl forehead. fc " Green has disappeared, the scoun- I drel," said Black, " and of course I shall h be accused of complicity with tho de- 1) faulter." n " Naturally," I said, dryly, for I was e too wretched myself to have any sym- I pathy to spare. _ ' ? t 44 This is a confidential visit, Brown," s oontinued Black. " I shall have to rail c back upon what little money remains to v my wife, and I've come around here at t her suggestion to hire this little place t of yours for the coming year." a " My good gracious !" said a voice >ehind us; and there stood Sally, as red ,s the feathers in the duster she held in er hand. "Yes, Mrs. Brown," said Black, ' we've always been fond of this little lace, and I really believe we shall be as appy here in our adversity as you will a your fine new house." " Perdition seize my fine new house, nd every one that has led me into this luddle ?" I cried, beBide myself with right and vexation. " Yon know that I ba'n't have the money now to go on rith. It will be all I can do to keep rom bankruptcy myself." " God forbid that I should refuse to id my husband in_this extremity 1" lid Sally, with great nobility of accent nd manner. " We'll make the sacrifice urselves, Joe; we'll keep our own lit.0 place; we'll go on in the old way, ear. We'll stay here ourselves, Joe." "I'm obliged to you for your con *? 99 T li-3. H 1 L [deration, mauam, i repneu; uui hen the horse is gone, it's too late to lint the stable door. The house is let, ad the furniture is sold." " My furniture sold I" shrieked Sally. Oh 1 oh 1 oh I my furniture, my dear Id furniture, taken from me! it ain't ours. They can't take my tilings for our debts." "Just wait," said I, "will you, till on're called upon to pay my debts ? ou gave orders for the furniture to be >ld and the house to bo rented yonrjlf. The agent told me this morning lat a young married couple had taken lem. We'll have to go to town and tke a furnished flat." "A furnished flat!" echoed my wife, nking into a ohair, and covering her ce with her apron?" a furnished flat!" nd althoagh I can safely swear she had me and again held this way of living > be a domestic felicity, there was an : aspeakable misery in her view of it : )w. " I wish I was dead !" she said. ] I'd rather go to my grave than to a imished flat?just in the lovely spring ; me, when the Brahmas are beginning i set, and the strawberry led is one ' ass of bloom. Oh, my podr child !" 3 te cried, to Rosalie, who had run in 1 id thrown herself at her mother's ] lee, "your Mr. Green has turned out j > be a nasty defaulter. A young mar ed couple have robbed us of house J id home, and your father has the * uelty to talk to me of a furnished flat." 1 "He ifm't my Mr. Green," Rosalie ' oke in, "nor ever was, and the mar ed couple won t roo you 01 anyiumg < it?but a?a bad, undutiful daughter. ] 3u shall stay here, mother dear, and? id Bo?Bob and I will go to the city td take the furnished flat." "Am I to understand," said I, admcing to this dear blushing, weeping lild, and feeling a singular warmth id cheer creep about my fainting heart " am I to believe that you and Bob e the married couple in question ?" Rosalie hung her sweet head, and my fe cried out to me, with the coolest surance, that she told me how it >uld be all along, and that all further ^position on my part would be useless. "You'd better go to the train, Joe," e said; "poor old Black has been >ne this ten minutes. And bring home me garden seeds with you, and bring )b to 6upper. We'll all live here tother. And please God, my darling," e said, flinging her arms about our tie daughter, " we'll all be happy t!"?Harper's Weekly. A Wisconsin Tornado. The southern portion of Wisconi was visited recently by one of the )st terrific and destructive tornadoes er known in the West. The day had t en oppressively still and warm, and 1 ? ai ra.4 ^t ring luc puttsugu ui tiiu buiuauuauuso * 9 State there was no wind blowing expt that whirling around the storm t ater. The actual width of the track ? the tornado was small, being from a ? v yards to two or three hundred, but f cycloidal motion from north to south i .s nearly sir miles, and thu cycles J ire oompleted in about every six miles i forward motion, from thiB it will be ? an that the tornado must have moved t er the country at a rate of speed of ? )re than one hundred miles an hour, 1 addition to its revolving motion, which 1 ,s doubtless far greater. The tornado t .s in the form of an inverted cone of 1 jantio size, with its point resting on < d ground, although this was not al- ? ijb true; fortunately for those in the ? arse of the monster, very much of the t ae the cone point was raised above the 1 rth from one hundred to one thousand 1 Jt. In this manner it passed over f reral miles at a time and thus were * iny farmers spared from ruin. In < 386 instances the country over which f 3 tornado passed was treated to a 1 ghtfnl shower of wood splinters, < anches of trees and dead animals. 1 hether on the earth or suspended * ndreds of feet above, thiB whirling j ae held in its embrace countless mil ns of fragments of buildings, trees, j aw, hay, cattle, sheep and swine, thus ording its observers a view terribly 1 and. Numerous Btumps of trees were < ft in the track of the tornado with all ] e bark peeled off. Two oak posts ? * I I 1 1- 11 J ;nc ieoc long, sunK six ieet in me ouud to support the uprights of a 1 ndmill over a well, and upon which ' >sts the wind could have no grasp except ] >on the two feet above the earth, were 1 ted out and carried away without dis- 1 rbing the surrounding earth. Trees jre lifted up and carried a mile with ] ns of earth adhering to the masss of : ot*. Horses, cattle, sheep and swine ; emed to float as lightly in the air as e leaves of the forest. The loss of : iman life is about fifty. More than 1 le hundred persons were more or less 1 jured, and the loss of property is very : reat. < ' 1 wmm i A Bachelor's Plight. This is from the Black Hills Pioneer: delver in the mines near Central has tely had quite a romantic experience. few weeks ago two bright little lerubs hai.ed him on the street as papa; , ishing up and with joyful acnlamation, , ich seized a hand of this nonplussed achelor. Never befor9 had such enaaring terms fell upon the ears of our evada friend, and his vanity was flatirqjJ. Taking the little oneB to a candy aop near by, ho loaded them down itn good things, and Bent them home ifch many kind wishes -for their motor's welfare, who, it appe**f?,- somo two ears ?cn had n misntwloi. it-.nrwUnor with er husband anil who has since had no nowledge of his whereabouts. But pon tho re; ital of her children's story egarding their (supposed) father's lunificence and kindness, her heart eat with quickens^ throbs as visions of he'fiia tfme came before Tier eyes, and, [linking herself not blameless in regard J me separation, sne resoivea mat ere nother day should die, the first adanaea toward a reconciliation should be iaJe. Urged by this thought she eniiarked on a four-wheel steamer from )eadwood to Central, then taking into ier confidence a mutual friend, sent for ler supposed liege lord. Oar friend aade his appearance and was still forthr horrified by being dubbed, "My )ear Husband." Although the resem>lance was remarkable (as a photo hown afterward proved), still our hero >y his earnest expostulation finally conmoed the lady that it was a case of mi6aken identity. "There's a divinity hat shapes our ends, rough hew them a^remay." THE HISTORY OF FIRE. - it I How Fire la Produced anion* Barbarona andClrlllzed Nation*. Who first made fire, how, when and where it was made, are past finding Out, but this we do know, that fire was in common use at the earliest dates of which wejbave any historical records, and that, then as now, when under control it was esteemed as an invaluable servant, but when it burst the bonds that should cod fine it, it was feared as an unappeasable master and became a symbol of destruction. We oan scarcely supposo the existence of men Without fire and without a knowledge of some means of kindling it. True, Commodore Wilkes, in his narrative of the United States Exploring Expedition, , tells us that when he visited Fakaafo, , or Bowditch Island, in 1841, he found , no signs of fire, and that the natives ( were alarmed when they saw sparks produced by striking flint and steel, and ( the curliDcr smoke from cigars; but at ; best that is but negative evidence; they may have been astonished at the production of fire in a, to them, new form, and still not have been ignorant of fire itself; and, besides, Mr. Hale, the philologist of the expedition, gives us a vocabulary of the language of these islanders, in which we find they had a name for fire, aft, and that, at least, is presumptive evidence that they had it in fact. Accepting this presumption as a literal truth, and we believe it should be so accepted, we find that all the races and tribes "of men yet discovered have possessed a knowledge of fire, although they may have somewhat different methods of producing it, and it is of these different methods that we propose to speak. In all the primitive methods friction la no?d ami if; i'r nrnhflhlfl that the first fire made bj man was kindled by rub- < bing two pieces of wood together, j Darwin, the naturalist, tells ns that a t common practice in the Sandwich ( Islands is, or was, to place a block of < rery light wood on the ground, and to < ran a blunt stick baok and forth; the i movement is rapid and as considerable e pressure is applied, a grove is soon worn j in the block, and utimately it takes fire, j Mr. Darwin says that though a practiced native would produce fire in a short J time, he found it rather hard work, but 1 3ucceeded. This process is common in J ill the South Sea or Polynesian Islands. ( Captain Cook gives an account of the t iustralian method, as follows: "They j produce fire with great facility and l spread it in a wonderful manner. They \ * ' as -P J --/J. J3 &K0 tWO BUCKS OI ury bulb wuuu, uuo { ?ight or nine inches long, the other flat; t Jie first they shape into tin obtnse j point at one end, and pressing it on the c 5ther (the flat piece or block} turn it fi limbly between their hands, often movng them up and down to inorease the e pressure. By this means they get fire c n less than two minutes, and from the raallesfc spark they increase it with r jreat speed and dexterity." (Theread- j ir will obtain a clear idea of the process r oy placing a pencil between the palms g >f iiis hands, the point of the pencil > esting on the table, and rubbing the r aands back and fourth.) This method, c with some modifications, has been found c n every quarter of the globe. Cook E found it in Alaska and Australia; it was r n use in Ceylon and Central America; <j imong the Malayans and the Mexicans. a V method still in use among the gauchaa t )f the Pampas of Buenos Ayres is to 1 oow liolf or* inoK in *, au Ciaoil\; Oiiba, dwj unu hu u<vu ^ ^ liameter and eighteen or twenty inches e n length, with one end pointed and the a >ther square; the pointed end is placed \ igainst a piece of 6oft wood, and against t he square end the operator firmly , Dresses witb his breast, the stick mean- j ime rapidly turned. 3 The Esquimaux had a process similar T o but better than those above deicribed. Davis, after whom Davis' strait is named, tells us that, in 1586, a >roenlander "beganne to kindle a fire n this manner: He tooke a piece of joard, wherein was a hole halfe throw; uto that hole he put the ende of a round , iticke, like unto a bedde-stafife, dipping , he ende thereof in traine-oil, and in' ashion of a turner, with a piece of * ether, by his excellent motion did rapidy produce fire." The Esqnimaux had ! wo instruments, one operated by two j nen, the other by one. The large ma- : shine consisted of a spindle, with a disk i ind a cross piece at top; a thong of x tinew was passed around the spindle J .wice, one man grasping the cross piece , leld the drill firmly in place, while a ^ apid motion was imparted to it by the . second man polling the thong back and ' orth. The second machine was used not j1 >nly for making fires, bat, with the , ipindle pointed with stone, for drilling ^ joles in both wood and stone. Instead : >f the large cross piece, it was provided 1 frith a small mouth-piece of wood with 1 i piece of stone imbedded. This, firmly ^ leld between the teeth directs the tool. . rhe same apparatus has been found in 1 ilaska and Aleutian Islands. A better method of working the drill j t^as in use by the ancient Egyptians [and is still in "use by us for certain pur- * poses); the thong of a bow was looped r irouud the spindle, and as the mere 1 Jrawing of the bow back and forth gave j motion to the drill, by this means one ' hand did all the work that two accom- j pliBhed by the other method. This bow j Are-drill was also nsed by the Sionx Iniians of the Northwest % Another method of operating the drill j was used by the Iroquois Indians, of ! New York, and ia thus described by Mr. Lewis H. Morgan, the historian of the : Five Nations: "It consisted of an up- j right shaft, about four feet in length an ' ! in i$ch in diameter, with a small wheel J 9et upon the lower part to give it mo- ! mentum. In a notch at the top of the * shaft was set a string, attached to a bow 1 about three feet lon<?. The lower end ' ested on a piece of dry wood, near which were placed small pieces of punk. When ready for use the string web first coiled around the shaft, by turning the latter with the hand. The bow is then pulled downward, thus un- j coiling the string and revolving the < shaft toward the left. By the momentum 1 given to the wheel the string is again coiled up in a reversed manner, and the ( bow again drawn up, etc. This is con- < tinned until sparks are emitted at the I point of the shaft, which are caught on 1 the punk, which is thus ignited." This 1 apparatus was also used on several of < the South Sea islands for fire making, i and with the point of the spindle armed i with stone for drilling. Armed with a steel point it is still extensively used in Europe by workerB in wood and metal, and to some extent in this country. The natives of Terra del Fuego (Land of Fire), if we credit Magalhaens?from whom the Strait of Magellan derives its . name?made fire by percussion, that is | by striking a flint wilh iron pyrites, the j spkrk being caught on tinder. The I same method was in use among the ! Qreeks and BomanB, and it is said j among the tribes of North American Indians, and it is comparatively but a few years since any better method was discovered. Lighting fire by means of concave lenses is not of modern origin. Fliny tells of glass globes filled with water, which so concentrated the rayB of the sun as to produoe fire, and he mentions that concave mirrors were successfully used for that purpose. Archimedes is paid to have set fire to the fleet besieging Syracuse by means of burning mirrors, and we are told that the Inca of Feru .;lX .? ; ? a ?'?<n /." ??ii ?.? . : #li . . t> r annually lighted the fires of bis nation at the winter dblstice by means of concave mirrors fashioned from masses of 1 iron pyrites, polished to the brilliancy of silver.1 But though the Incas professed to be sons of the sun the latter 1 did not always Rhine , on the festival j given in his honor and then the lighting ' of the new fire by his direct action be- * came impossible.'In suoh cases the fire ^ was kindled by friction. j About the middle of the seventeenth \ century it was discovered that pLios- 1 phorus by friction would ignite a stick } that had been dipped in sulphur. Phos- ] * --- _ t r I pnorus, However, uiu jliui< wmo ium , general use as a means of obtaining fire c for more than 150 years after its utility ? for that purpose was discovered, thongh 1 during the interval several new'methods J of using it were devised. All these 1 early modeB of producing fire by chemi- 1 cal means were crude, and none of -them * were snoh improvements on the flint J and steel as to come into general use. | Less time was consumed in starting the 1 genial flame, but the materials used 3 were expensive and the time gained was ? more than sunk in the greater cost. 1 Most of our readers who have reached 8 Dr passed middle age can remember the T matches of their childhood's days. They 1 were small sticks, the ends of which had 4 been dipped in melted sulphur. With 0 iheae and a vial containing oxide of phosphorus, produced by partially 1 burning a piece of phosphorus in tlie c xrafined air of the vial, the more enter- f prising of our fathers prided themselves * ipon possessing the latest improvements * ii fire making,vbut not unfrequently y iey were forced to resort to the old 8 ind ever reliable flint, steel and tinder- I 50X. y In 1829 an English ohemist discovered 1 shat chlorate of potash would ignite c r>y friction, and with this discovery the a jra of " friction matches" began. Pro- v ** ?% itklu 11 it lessor u araaay, wucme oonmoaaons k> icientific knowledge have since then ren- 8 lered him famous, suggested that nitre )f saltpetre should be need in lieu of 8 shlorate of potash to avoid the explolion made by the ignition of the latter n inbstauce; while by a mixtnre of stear- u no with the snlphor the objectionable v uraes were lessened. In the United States the first patent F 'or the invention of Iriction matches u vas granted to Alonzo D. Phillips, of 1 Springfield, Mass., on the 24th day"of 8 October, 1836, which patent covered the ? ise of a mixture consisting of glue, b jhosphorus, chalk :and sulphur. We a lave no reoord of the manufacture of v natches in the United StateB as a spe- 6 iial industry until after the issuanoe of 8 his patent, and it was not until some ? rears later that the ' new-fangled things'J x same into general use. But factories * prang up, processes of manufacture ? vere improved, the price was reduoed, ? ind about 1840 " locofoco" matches be- ? same quite common.. J Siuce that time the improvements in " Hatches has been numeroi. i and their e oanufacture lias grown to be a busi- 8 less of far greater magnitude than is ^ generally supposed, involving the inestment of large capital and affording 0 emunerative employment to thousands ? >f hands. The latest United States J" lensjus reports seventy-five establish- j? aents engaged in the manufacture of *' aatches, with an invested capital of ' >1,521,805; twenty-nine steam engines J* .ggregating 359 horse power, and nine- ^ een water-wheels representing 449 torse power, furnish the motor for driv- ? g the machinery. The number of ? mployes is stated at 2,556, of whom 609 *j re males above the age of sixteen, and ? ,089 females over fifteen years of age, ? be balance, 858, being children. The b rages paid amounted to $616,714, the ? aaterials consumed were valued at ? 11,179,666, and the finished products ^ n. oo cac\ nnQ i & if ere wuitu wu. ' ' 0 A French Wife-Poisoning Case. An intricate wife-poisoning case has reently beenbroughtbeforeaFrenchjury. P )anval was abont thirty-sir years old. ? Lt an early age his parents sent him to " 5aris to stndy chemistry. Left an or- ? )han while yet a very yonng man, he ? leserted his studies, gave himself up to ^ ileasure, and soon ran through the little ^ ortune which he inherited. At length, ^ laving found a partner, he established ^ limself as a chemist in the Rue de ? Jaubeuge. He began to look out for a * * * ? * ? -i .1 i.~ r.l pife witii money, ana goi mirouaueu w he family of a retired tradesman named ? Tarry, whose daughter Mathilde, then >arely twenty years of age, he succeeded ^ n captivating. His suit was accepted ind the marriago took plaoe, the a jride receiving $2,000 from her father. 0 i few weeks after the wedding, Danvr.l n ,ried to induce M. Jarry to launch out ? nto certain speculations which he pro- ^ losed. M. Jarry had discovered the F tharacter of his son-in-law, and refused. 3' Vladam Danval fell ill, and after linger- * ng two years, died last fall. The body ^ vas exhumed, and the husband was ar- J ested. During the trial two physioiana n estifled that she did not die of any or- ? ;anio disease. One expert concluded that h irsenio had been administered in small 8 loses during a long period, and another * jxpert was convinced that 'the quantity ? ound was too infinitesimal to warrant ? inch a conclusion. After deliberating t lire6-quarters of an hour the jury re- u ;urned a verdict of guilty, mitigated by .e >xtenuating circumstances. Danval, ^ vho had remained' calm tihronghout, hen rose brusquely, and stretching out J lis hands toward the jur), said: " Gen- ^ ;lemeu, I am innocent. I swear I am ^ nnocent as ever man was. 1 swear be- * ore God I am innocent. I pardon you. 1 [ am a victim. May God have pity on ? ne ?" On being taken out between the J juards, he turned to the audience and J1 nade the same declaration, which caused * jreat excitement. The court condemned T jim to hard labor for life. ? . ? b ? fi ? ?? - f Feeding a Jienagerie, The feeding of the animals in a menagerie is always carefully done, bemuse their lives' depend on the adapta- * bilityof their food. The Philadelphia t Times Bays that the daintiest eaters in t the zoological garden there are two i jhimpanzees. They breakfast on weak t tea, with plenty of milk aud sugar, and bread thiokly spread with honey. They lunch at 10 o'clock on bananas and c oranges, dine at 3 on rice or tapioca, e served with sugar and sherry, and snp i at 7 on ice and milk. The seals are less troublesome to feed, bnt more ex- I pensive for five of them eat daily eighty pounds of fresh fish. Formerly the 3 lions, tigers and other carnivora -were t costly, but of .lato they have been fed on horse meat, which is very cheap. The buffaloes, deer and elephants live now 1 on the grass in the grounds. The i rhinoceros is the greediest of the lot; t bnt it is quantity that he craves, with- 1 out much regard to quality. He will cot 250 pounds of hay every day, and a ? bushel of potatoes is to him like a plate \ of strawberries to a hungry man. His feod coats ten dollars a week, which is 1 as muoh as that of an elephant. The 1 giraffe has to be fed carefnlly, because 1 he has no regard for his long, uarrow ] throat, and starts one monthful down i before the one before it has reaohed his 1 stomach, thus choking himself. Oom- f mon monkeys eat nearly everything that is offered ; so do the ostriches and casso- 1 warien, but some of the insectivorous 1 have to be patiently catered to. The ] moose is hardest to please, and misses 1 the twigs oi his native woods. 1 A TOUSG FARMER'S ROMANCE. ri; r > . ; How He Came to New York and Snrprts* . Bis Relative# There. A New York correspondent vouch< for the truth of the'following interestin spisode in a farmer boy's life : A farm< aoy from Michigan has at once create i real life romance for " On* Boardin ffouBe." and madea hero of himself i t small way. His experience reads vei ike fiction, and is all the more interes ng because it is not fiction. The bo vho! ip nineteen years old, green as ilichigfinder can be, and stout as an lorae on his farm, took a notion to b< some a New York merchant He owne i handsome farm, but he caught tli netropolitan and mercantile diseaaei ented his farm, and resolved to make otal change of business. He had a mcle in business here, and the wife ( hat uncle chanced to be our landlady rho manages one of those colossi )oarding-houses in which this city c warders abonnde. To this uncle th roung farmer wrote, stating his plant aid asking as to the prospects of a plac n the tmcle's establishment The ar wer wau to wait till the coming fall rhen trade would set in more briskly neanwhile-leaving opportunity to gathe he summer crops and get so much moz ihead. Nothing further was heard from th lephew, and it was thonght he had a< epted the advice. On the contrary, h >acked his trunk and came on, withon nforming his relatives of his intentionf le arrived in town two months age nth the idea of looking about for him elf, to see what he oonld do in an inde endent way. The first thmg he di< ras to buy a morning paper. In tha Qorning paper, seemingly as some agon if deetinv had ordained, his aunt h& ii advertisement calling for a man of aJ rork, whose ohief ooenpation was t rash dishes. No sooner did the Michi ;an boy's eye Btrike that head o Wanted" than he decided to answe t once and apply for the position. Tf, in nAnMSArv to aav here, tlia teither uncle nor annt hod Been thei ephew Bince his babyhood, bo that th< ray to deodve them was open and easy The nephew applied for the servant' dace. He admitted that he knew noth ag about housework, but said he wa nick to learn. There was eomethinj bout his frank, honest, country man er that impelled the landlady to tr im, and he was immediately installed s chief dish-washer. "He did his worl rell, was never tired when the seven o ight hundred dishes came clashing round him, and took a strange interes a lightening his mistress' burdens I8 had desired to find out in this wa; rhat sort of people his relatives were f he did not like them he would g< aok to Michigan. If he did, time woul< lake him all right. Well, he like< bem largely, and himself became i ivorite. His cheery ways and check red, flannel shirt were features tha rew to be noted by every boarder win aok an occasional peep into the kitchen Two months of service expired thi ther day. "When he was paid his wage tie lad astonished his mistress by say ag he wanted to tell her a story abou imself. As she rather resented uhi imiliarity, he inquired quietly as fc 'ho ahe thought he was; and in a minte the secret so well kept was out Then there was a scene. Subsequent!; tie landlady took the youtH to her hus " "? -1-?? L Ii.1 , 'flHCTB tauor, nnea mm uui> wtut i tylish sait of clothes, and so trans armed him that when he took a seat a lie dinner-table nohody recognize* im. To day the Michigander is i is uncle's store, getting a start ia th eaired mercantile line. This fall h all be sent to a bnsiness college, and f his past does'not belie him, he wil ame day rank among the largo mer hauta oI New York. IIott a Turk'g House is Divided, A Turkish house is divided into tw arts?the selamlik for the men, th aremlik for the women; and the latte as as many separate suites of apart lents as there are ladies. A Turk wh as but one wife may require a larg aremlik if his mother and sisters liv rith him, for each of these ladies mus ave her private set of rooms and ser ants for her separate use. There mus >e no crowding and no mixing of domee " - l-t i-_f 4.. tcs In a well-oraorea esiauiisumeut, d> bat if there be four "wives they nee< ever see one another unless they please "he first wife is cailed the hanun, am ikes precedence over the others all he le. She has a right to the best room nd to a fixed share of her husband's in ome, which he must not reduce to linister to the caprice of his younge pouses. As these points have general! een settled through the ulemas o rieata before the wedding, a hantm* Mnture is aa safe as that of a French roman who has had a contract drawn u] 7 a notary. Daring the last twent; ears monogamy has become more an! lore the rule among Turks of the high st olass, and even among those wh lave two or three wives, the hanun ha Tadually come to be regarded, as havin he same rank as the wife in an EnglisI r American house. She visits and en ertains the hanuns of other gentlemen " - ? ? ? ! ? ?ut keeps aioor irom wivbh ui wo oc ond and other degrees. These aie no quals in her sight, being generall aaies of a lower social status, who hav tot brought any dowry to their husband ?ime was when a pasha would take fou rives of an equal degree, all bein laughters of the other pashas or of th Jultan and all richly portioned, bu aanners have altered in this respect?t ,11 events, in the European part of Tui :ey. It must not be supposed, howevei hat a hanun cherishes any such jealoi] tatred of her fellow-wives as is felt by rife who sees her husband flirt wit trange women.. She is content wit he largest share of her husband's rc pect, without demanding his exolueiv levotion. *" " A. Diplomatic Retreat About ten o'clook this morning a oha vent into a 0 street saloon, and devote en minutes in a very zealous manner t he lunch table. By the time he ha - - - . - -T?j j i... nasticatea a Done a pouuu ui wiuou u? he barkeeper stepped up and remarket rt This table is for drinkers." " Then -why don't you bring on you Irinks? I've been here ten minute! rod .haven't got a drop of anything. 1 t's a drinkin' table, where's the fluid 1 "I mean it's for the patrons of th )ar," said the barkeeper. " Then why Ain't they here ? I s'pos rou mean that a man must spend mone it the bar before he eats?" "Exactly." "That takes me in. I took a drin lere last summer and didn't eat a moutt v.1 it t aJri'f anfiflail f.n a lnnch 0 UXj auu XI x (fAU V ? ? . ;hat drink then this ByBtem must be 'ailure all round." 41 But the place has obanged hand lince then," said the barkeeper, pickin lp a bung-etarter. "Ah, indeed!" replied the urbar jummer; "that foot, as your gestur yould imply, raises a new and embn aasing complication in our diplomat! relations. I will, therefore, recede, ? t were, from my original position, an iwait the assembling of the Peace Ooi jress. He had been gradually backing t< yards the door as he spoke, and b dodged out iust in time to evade tt projectile hurled at him by the indignaj jaloonit?. ? Virginia City (NevacU Chronicle. Words of Wisdom. Deeds are fruit; words, are bu leaves. ;s The example of the good is visibl ,g philosophy. ?r i' -Kindness is the high-tide of th id soul's nobility; ? Practice economy and industry 'an< n success is yours. T Practice economy and industry an success is yours. " a Believe not ill of a brother till it i y proved beyond doubt. ; 5- Following many vocations has ruine d the life of many a man. e ' There is but one thing that is sur J? here on earth, and that is death. a Have one settled purpose in life, an 4 if it be honorablo it will bring you re 'r ward. J Temper is so good a thing that w ,f shonld never lose it and always com e mand it. i, Do not delight in the misfortunes c ie others, for you know not at what mc t- ment you may fall. It requires strength and courage t J swim against the stream, while any dea ,r fish can float with it. 6 There is that in some men, which,: not chilled by adversity, would give t ? the world grand thoughts. Tt. in Viat.tar in how a crood heart wit ^ kindness than a field wifrh corn, for th , heart's harvest is perpc-oal. ?, Mem should not think too mnoh o i- themselves, and yet a man should b u careful not to forget himself. 3' When you strike oil stop boring >t Many a man has bored clean throng] t and let the oil run out at the bottom, jj Next in point of meanness to doini ^ an injury is to do a man a favor an< 0 eveiy now and then remind him of it, j Every man must work his own way I T success; nothing in this world but i mule's hind leg springs up spontan ? eously. r Prefer sense to wit; never study to b< e diverting without being useful; let n< jest intrude upon good manners, no: s say anything that may offend modesty Kindness does not always produce s what we expect; from a hand whioh w< 1 hate they are regarded as offences ; th< - more we lavish upon one who may hab ? us, the more arms we give him wh< 1 wishes to destroy us. t Humility does not depend upon th< r way in whioh a man .carries his bodyf 1 it depends upon what his life is ; upoi ^ what he means to do with it; upoi * where he puts it, and where he keepi 7 it, and what service it renders. By relying on our own resources w< 3 acquire mental strength; bnt when w< j lean on others for support, we are liki an invalid, who, having accustome< himself to a crutch, finds it difficult t< J walk without one. d A man says: "I have thrown awa; forty years; I have wasted my wholi 0 life"?or, as the more common expres s sion is coming to be: "My life ha . been a failure"-?because the thing a t which he aimed has been lost. As if i 8 man's life consisted in the abundance o 0 exterior things which he possessed. A _ if a man's life were not hidden in hi w own self. \ Mrs. Muffin's Misgiilngs. a He was a genteel young man, of pleas _ ant, open countenance, intelligent anc t polite. Most boarding-house keeper 1 would have admitted him at sight as j a most eligible candidate, but Mrs. Mnffii e appeared to have misgivings that mus 9 | be allayed before a decisive answe: could be given. ] " Mv boarders is a mighty partdculai . set," she said, " and I have to be care fnl who I take, or some of 'em is sure t< get huffy and leave. I can't say as I s< much object to musio myself, but som< folks won't stand it in no way at all. ] hope you're not learing to play on th< fiddle, are you ?" " Oh, no," said the young man. u Well, I'm very glad to hear you sa] so. That would never do at all Toi e might as well try to keep boarders 01 ? one kind of meat as to put a green hanc with a fiddle in among 'em. Do yot j blow pry sort of a horn ?" T'. o gentlenan shook his nead. " Well, then, tell me, do vou belong j to the Festival chorus ? I had one o: | 'em, but he had to mosey. His rehear j sals almost ruined my prospects and ] r had to send him away. I felt bad abou a it too, for he was a light feeder ant never grumbled. You never sing ? Well * that's pleasant. I didn't much thin! r you did, nut it s ye at to oe on uih mui side. I Lope you don't practice on th< ; 'cordeon?" I " Oh, no." "I was almost broken up by one o ^ them brain-rackers getting smuggle* into the house once last summer, and i ^ makes me cautious. Four of my bes ; boarders left before the first week wa out, and nobody would have dreamed o any harm in him, either. He was a rea innocent, solemn-looking young man j* with blue eyes, as quiet as a body coul< h want, till he got into his room all alon with that 'cordeou, and then, meroy what a villain he was! And that wasn' j the worst of it, either, by a good deal ? He not only drove away nearly all m; g boarders, but got in debt to me for fiv I weeks' board, and then sloped. I tel j you, sir, we have to be careful, am ? that's why I've made bold to ask you & | many questions. I'm very glad to heai t though, that you don't waste your tim tttatt n-rkA it TTrtn'll rii-nmiou flint. W>1 luau naj^ uuu u j vu ?* ? ^ ?. ._ won't aa muoh aa bring a jewaharp mfc the houae I'm aure I a hall be very gla ^ to have you make your home with us. know there's lota of people who claim tha ^ music is soothing and elevating, and a] u that sort of thing, but it's a mistake sir, a mighty big mistake, so far a J boarders are concerned, any waj They'll put up with a good deal in th way of having things warmed over, bn they won't stand muaio no way you ca: p fix it up, and get away from it aa quid <j as they would from the small-pox. 0 Cincinnati Breakfast Table. d ' if A Destructive Earthquake. 1 Daring the recent heavy earthquals shocks in Venezuela, the town of Cui a about thirty-five miles south-wesc < ?, Caracas, was entirely destroyed. A te: rible shock was suddenly felt at abot " 8:30 in the evening.. The ground seeme e to roll like sea waves, throwing dow the walls of the houses, crushing man] le and entangling others in the debri" y The roofs were made of light materia which canght tire from the lamps whic were overturned, and a general confli k gration ensued. In vain the poor uj l- fortunatee who had escaped the fallin n walls endeavored to g;iin open grounc a The flames spread rapidly, and the pe< pie on the outskirts of the village wei 1 1 ? m. IS UUQD10 10 oner uuy uoaioutijuo. n g shrieks of, the dying were to be hear for a long time above the crackling < ie the flames. Fully three hundred liv< e were lost at Gua that night. Repetitior r- of the earthquake were looked for, an c those who had escaped were in a coi is stant state of terror for a number < d days. Word was sent to Caracas, an i- subscriptions were made in all the larg towns of the neighborhood to aid th > suflferors. The President ofVenezuel ie started for the scene, and on the wa ie was thrown from his carriage, owing t it the roughness of the road, bat was nc > seriously injured. Shocks w^re felt a over the country for several days. FJJUf. GABDEN AKD HOUSEHOLD ^ ; BowshiM Hlru. e To Restobb CJolob.?When oolor 01 a fabric haa been accidentally or other : wise destroyed by acid, ammonia is ap' 6 plied to neutralize the acid, after whlcl an application, of chloroform will,' it I almost all cases. res tore, the original """ color. The application 6f^ ammonia if d common, bat that of chloroform , is bul - little known. : is To Take Out Mildew.?Get the dry eBt chloride of lime yon can bay, and, 3 for strong -fabrics, dissolve four table spoonfuls of it in one half-pint of water, Let the mildewed article lie in this sola6 tion fifteen minutes. Take it out, wring it gently, and pnt immediately intb weai d muriatic acid, one part acid and fetu parts soft water. For delicate fabric; the solution of lime should be made e much weaker; three or four times the nnftntifcv of watflr ahonM hfl nnt to thf lime. Let the artiole lie in it only five jf minutes, and then put it into the murih atic acid. FiiAvob of Tea and Coffee.?Th< 0 tea or coffee pot used for steeping should ^ be kept as clean and bright inside at out; after.-oontinual steeping a thit coating collects around the sides and 01 " the bottom of the steeper, which beoomec 0 rank in taste, and therefore impregnate! the fresh tea or coffee, spoiling its delib cate flavor. Have the steepen bright b ened inside at least once a week; thio* in a teaspoonful of pulverised borax, if fill nearly fall of water, and let it boil e fifteen or twenty minutes; then scorn the coating or discoloration off, using , pulverized borax and a very little soap ? rinse with hot water. The Hair.?German women of th< , better olasses are universally noted foi * ? i ? ' ? i _ Vj: _ it. . j nn3 ana luxuriant nair, ana ims u int way they manage it: About onoe in t fortnight boil for an hour or more a 3 large handful of bran in a quart of soft 1 water; then strain it into a basin, and " cool till tepid. Bub into it a little white soap, then dip in a soft cloth and wash 9 your head thoroughly, parting aside the > hair all over, so as to reach the roots, f Next take the yolk of an egg, slightly . beaten, and with your fingers rub il } well into the scalp. Let it rest a few i minutes, then wash off entirely with a 3 oloth dipped in pure water, and rinse 3 the hair well till the egg has all disap > peared. Afterward wipe and rub dry, and oomb the hair apward from the head. 3 Then oil slightly if needed. The most . harmless of hair dressings may be prej* pared from the following formula: Pure j castor oil, two oz.; cologne-spirit (95 a per cent.) sixteen oz.; perfume according to fanoy. ' Medical HInta. 9 * a To Make a Mustard Plaster.?Take - a- taKloonrmnfril nt trAftWlfl TTinrft or IftflH. 1 as desired; stir thick with mustard, and j having spread it on a cloth, apply it directly to the skin; it will not blister, y even if kept on for an hour. 0 Remedy fob Burns.?One ounce ol ? pulverized borax, one quart of boiling B water, half ounce of pulverized alum, t Shake up well and bottle. Wrap the 1 burn up in soft linen, and keep conf stantly wet with the solution. Do nol s remove the linen until the burn is cured, 3 To Remove Cindebs fbom the Eye? A small camel's hair brush dipped in water and passed over the ball of the eye on raising the lid. The operation " requires no skill, takes but a moment, 1 and instantly removes any cinder or par8 tide of dust or dirt without Inflaming 1 the eye. - \ J To Choose a Phtsiotan .?To choose a physician, one should be half a physioian one's self; but this is not often the case. The beet plan whioh a mother ofla family can adopt is to select a man j whose education has been suitable to his profession; whose habits ot life are 5 such as to prove that he continues to r acquire both practical and theoretical L , * ^ 1 -1- _ -XI ?L 3 Knowledge; wao ih noimer ? uigut m um opinions nor an enthusiast in new; and, for many reasons, not the fashionable 7 doctor of the day. i Knock - Knees. ? A correspondent's i advice and testimony are as follows: " I [ commenced the practice of placing a i small book between my knees, and tying a handkerchief tight roond my ankles. This I did two or three times a r day, increasing the substance at every f fresh trial, until I could hold a brick with ease lengthways. When I first [ commenced this practice I was as badly t knock-kneed as possible, but now I am 1 as straight as anyone. I likewise made t it a practice of lying on my back in bed, c with my legs crossed and my knees 9 fixed tightly together. This, I believe, 3 did me a great deal of good." How to Make C?wi GItb Milk. , A writer in the Southern Farmer saya | that his cow gives all the milk that is f wanted in a family of eight, and that ? from it, after taking all that is required for other purposes, two hundred and ! sixty ponnds of butter were made this J year. This is'in part his treatment of the oow. i "If you desire to get a large yield of ~ rioh milk, give yoar oow every day ? water slightly warm and slightly Baited, ' in which bran has been stirred at the rate of one quart to two gallons of water. * You will find, if yeu have not tried thic P dailv practice, that your oow will give e, twenty-five per cent, 'more milk immedii ately under the effects of it, and she will become so attached to the diet as tc refuse to drink dear water unless ven ' thirsty. Bat this mess she will drinl almost any time, and ask for more. Th< 1 amount of this drink necessary i? az ? ordinary water-pailful at a time, morn j ing, noon and night." ri; i 1 )t What Voices Indicate. 8 There are light, quick, surfaoe voice: r* that invo^tarily seem to utter th< ? slang "I won't do to tie to." The lt man s words may assure you of hi! ? strength of purpose and reliability, yel * his tone contradicts his speech. Then there are low, deep strong voices, where the words seem grounc out, as if the man owed humanity t grudge, and meant to pay it some day :e That man's opponents may well trem ble, and his friends may trust hii >f strength of purpose and ability to act. r- There is the coarse, boisterous, die it tatorial tone, invariably adopted bj d vulgar persons, who have not sufficien a cultivation to understand ineir own m significance. 9. There is the incredulous tone, that ii 1, full of a covert sneer, or a secret "yoi h can't-dupe-me-sir" intonation. Then there is the whining, beseeching voice, that says " sycophant" as plainly g as if it uttered the word. It cajoles am 3. flatters you; its words say: "I lovi > you; I admire you; you are everything e that you should be." to Then there is the tender, musical d compassionate voice, that sometimei fafthtron ftm t.ViAv iridi gUCCJ UibU DU?A|/ ^ . . . . )B cate merely intensity of feeling) anc ib sometimes with blunt features, bui d always with genuine benevolence, l- If yon are full of affectation and pre >f teuce, your voice proclaims it. d If you are full of honesty, strength :e and purpose, your voice proclaims it. e If you are cold and calm and firm and a consistent, or fickle and foolish and dey ceptious, your voico will be equallj o truth-telling. >fc You cannot change your voice from a II natural to an unnatural tone without its , , Items of Interest. 7 -"m Close qnarter^thp laundry. Always open to opirvieiiofle-a thief. ' v ] : Labor in Teim^Wtwkmg a silver | - mine, ; . t'2 V, i ., Export of o^eoc^rom- this country in I 1877, 107,364,666 pound*. I " We part to meet again,f' ^pu the re, mark of the hair to the comb. k, 6. Allspice got its name from the supposition that it oontained fill spices. Waiting to be whipped, is . the moat , uninteresting period .in.boyhood. Never put off till fcwiaarroiK what can > ' be done jqst aa well the.day.pfter. ) Algebra was taken from &e Arabs, and \ by them called al gebr wal mokabala. . The American rifle team can tell you J OUl ?-??? j wjoat s m an turn, u ouunyai? > The first silver dollar ooinedris held by forty-seven different America^. citizens. 1 Many & man of truth and veracity has * ! been found lying at. the point of death. Egypt is the place for juvenile excursions. A boy can ' always > find his | " mummy " there. ,,, An exchange newspaper, gays many a 32 plant is ruined by too much, soaking. l So is many a man. , A writer in the Woman's Journal rei marks: "The poorest girls in jtihe world . are those who have never been taught to . work." . . sies with a solid gold, handle, is a novelI' ty exhibited in a New York jeweler's r window. " ; ;"'> It has been remarked tha^t|he drives I of oxen is the yafi who moat aseiduon?'/ cultivates the sciences of. Amtf-ticultars > and pedology. 'V#mi ' This is precisely the time of the year '4 ) when the average small boy is seised k with a boundless ambitioi to beoome a 'lk | curve pitcher. - : ' v. [ The rioe crop of this oonntey is coming to the fore again. South Carolina has an estimated yieldof 44,000 tierces this year, and Georgia 26,000;J At a reoent dinner of whomiairers, the following toast was given! "May we ; have all the women in the country to shoe, and, all the men to boot." When a man feathers hi* nest yon > will generally find that he alfo plumes himself upon it How true # is, therefore, that "riches take unto themselves ; It has been deoided to .hold ihe International Congress for the Inref^gatioQ 1 of the history of America twfore the time of Oolumbus in Brussels, daring 1879, instead of in some American city. In 1877 there were 2,909,677, electors in Great Britain and Ireland, .or more than one in twelve of the population. TherC are about 9,000,000 Vdteip in this ; country, or one in five of the popular ' tion. ? - m*/* w .-w:#> . * Chocolate was first introduced into ; England from Mexico, A. D.f '1420. It | was made from the flower of tftfe ooooa nat, and Boon became very popular and i universally used in the London coffee . bouses. :-i-<ior ; Among the inventions to whioh the J war in the East has given birth, is a preparation of tea and sugar for camp use. It is put up in boxesy and * epoon| ful of the mixture is sufficient^ nuke a cnp of tea. It has been discovered that the sun if about five hundred thousand miles nearer the earth than has been BQppooed. Perhaps, after a while, the man who is . aunBtruck will get a chance , to strike back.?Savannah News. T Robinson (after a long whiflt^bout at the club)?"It's awfully late, Brown. What will you say to joxa wite i" Brown fin a whisper)?" Oh, I shan't say much, you know?4 Good morning,: dear,' or something a' that sort. She'iL say the rest." . '1 TMiln't TT/-1T1 omorMlfir th*? Witt borM wouldn't shy before the discharge of ft cannon?" said a cavalry officer to a horse dealer. "Tee, I did, and m stick to it," replied the dealer. "He never shies until after -the cannon is fired." It is said that a project is on foot looking to the management of railway i trains by the use of mirrors so arranged as to reflect a complete picture of the road in the President's office. .- That's the way the ladies have always managed their trains^?Breakfast Table, A catfish was recently caught in the Mississippi River at New Orleans, whioh when opened was found to ooniain the skeleton of a baby and a box of shoe* blacking/' The box^ was open,'but when the blacking was tried It was found to be as good as when-first bought . The salaries of some of the railway presidents are stated to be as follows : OoL T. A. Scott, Pennsylvania, $24,000; Mr. Isaac Hinkley, Philadelphia, Wilmington 4 Baltimore, $24,000; Mr. F. B. Go wen, Philadelphia A ^Beading, 830,000; and Mr. Hugh J. Jewett, Erie, $40,000. .1 Bnooio'o umaniuu tit illA VST < VflM a ;? A>nmw p. pretty serious consideration, even when taken.into account with her. victory. 1 The war lasted from April 12, 1877, to March 4,1878?322 days. Exclusive of 1 the money required to take the troops ' home, it is stated that the war expenses amounted to $600,000,000. ' } White flowers more frequently have r an agreeable soent than colored ones. . In one hundred 'white specimens there J are, on an average, fifteen with an agreeable smell and only one disagreeable, whereas among alike nnmberof colored flowers, only six have an agreeable and one a disagreeable odor. The city of Texarkana is built at the janction of Texas, Arkansas and Louisiana. It received its name in 1819, when 3 an enthusiastic surveyor, while punning 3 the lines, blazed the three fragments of ) the names of the new States pn a tree, 1 and predicted that a great city "worna oe & built there. Three years ago, #hen the town was founded, the name, still to be I seen on the old tree, was adopted, and ' the prediction seems in a fair way to be 1 verified, as the town now has 3,000 in habitants, and is an important, railroad *. crossing.. , t vn; 3 It is told of thatdistingnishedeoldier, Sir Philip Sidney, that being about to ~ wash his hands after a hard-fought bat. tie, he had just taken up the soap and turned'on the warm water, when he perceived a particularly grimy soldier at his side. , Handing the soap to the sol, dier, with the now historic words, "Thy necessity is greater than mine," Sir Philip turned away, and went, unwash* ed, to his virtnoue oouoh. Cold and . cynical indeed must be the roan who can read this anecdote without a thrill of . admiration and a sudden mist of tears. 5 V % An Irish gentleman writes to say that , he never found a Frenchman who could - II I'UimMaiq'n Thiatlp. 3 pronounce win; nwuuwg - thwaifche thievishly thought to thrive I through thick and thin by throwing his t thimbles about, but he was thwarted and thwacked and thumped and thrashed with thirty-three thousand thistles and thorns for thievishly thinking to thrive t through thick and thin by throwing the thimbles about." Bnt the English-peo1 pie are just as unable to pronounce the French liquid I as the French people to ' pronounce the English th. Bnt it is still more difficult for any one who is . not a Spaniard to pronounoe Madrid in Spanish! The d must be at onoen dh j and a d without being either.