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5??: 6s. Courier. ?t\Te bavi? received r 7T_| excellent speech, iu *5- J- institutions. (iciivfred in ^r3"rt>;bv T. Wsti.v, f'BiiifcjSerat ?f at ? cahe.f at tne insane? ol and other absl.'tion fanatics. f" gratification c<> number ^^".t>ar^ia>wpi^i>5 -on* occupy j.kg >u dis ., post inth^ service of Massachu / to . fiud !mn boldly proclaiming from -flSewi&fy .-era-Tie of American Indvnen *; dea?^?)i?v;co astitiit'rona I rights of Lhe South. The- ?*$?1 *%*h\ck yMiv. A u s r t>- addresse J . p urpose of urging the ex isanrg* cr^s^e^ ngamstthe South, under the pretext of ctmoiK&M^g ay a raarty. in the cau.se ?/ the freedom o/ the 'press, the "fanatic trOV? >o>\ who bad bv violence provoked-a violent death, -A'itog; m the State of ZttinoLs. ? A r:er some preliminary remarks, "M r. A . pro ceeds to cteHftt the p?rttea&rs connected with Tuo career- death of firOTKJOY. He shews h -v that misgi*a%red niau^iu violation. of ?"viie law of Missouri, a slave holding statewi de* cook To establish therVnh abo'Tkioa press, ,the edett^Sd tendency of which, in rhejudir ixcut of the wfepte^ people of that .state, was and mnrderV and by *vis termed h"rftdrat suasion, to produce a gjrale war of bloodshed jaud distrncfjon" ? k>w, being >h*iveii irom Missouri, he merely >>ssed over to Alton, on t^pthersicle of the a ..Mississippi, iu the noh-sfavi?-lipldi ng state of ^Bfiaels;- where there was no taw to punish v fcaalbr inciting the sia?es of Missouri to rise ^ trust their masters, and when^ fesfimght discharge into her bosom,. the ejiveuomed ?? '^hitu- ? and how the people of Alton true to ^^J&ewrconstit u tiona 1 duty, and considering this extreme case, put down his abolition p a which in their judgment was "violating principles of religion, morality and order ; ?c seicrtTng a servile war under the guise of free and preaching murder, in the name of s^pKristianitv." The sequel of Lovkjoy's gfjatn, we give in the speaker's own words ? ?:-k* fee Case has been iorsome time before the ^^gabllc, "hue we have never yet seen the details ^o^o^^sa tis fa c t o rily na rrated . Another attempt was made to set up the ;^jpiaper- A new press was procured. It is ^jHttd that it was paid for by some abolition ^gterety, and the story was believed tlu?:e, but w true it was. he couid not say. The peo s.?3eelared ifshould _not be used. It was ^^BScect in a ware-house for safe keeping, and surrounded the building aud demand ~ eijthrat it should be given up* considering it P>i#*s an instrument for murder ? a sword in the ^ Sands of a crazy man. The mob surrounded \ and demanded it. Lovejoy and fets friends stood on their legal rights, and de- ! r?&8ded their property. A gun was first fired j l^&oui the budding, and a man by the name of gP&siiDp was first killed; but as we are not j |S|jtertled here to sympathize for him, his death j t^^asses for nothing. The crowd became in ^furiated m the sight of blood, shed by a miu ofthegospe' of peace. They surround jylbe buildingant] threaten to bum it; one man mounts the ladder to reach the Tool; Love XOy comes outside, aud deliberately aims his ! i$pyiiuske? to take this man's life. At that mo- j ^^ent guns are llred at Lov'ejoy. The man J : who was on the ladder was saved, and Love ~;3*y was shot, tie returned to his eornpan- ' - iaasr fell aud expired. He resorted to violence ! ^ he feii by violence. He excited the ! - "passions of men, by conduct uuwise, impoli- j trp,rashT extravagant atid unchristian; and the j consequence of his conduct was as might { -haVe beeu anticipated. | _ ?, Nowt said Mr. A. wishing at all dmes a?d , ?- en all occasions, that Tny abhorrence of mobs ; '?siiottldbe distinctly understood, and meaning [ in no degree to coLiutenance-or excuse their | - proceedings, I ;isk my feilo.w citizens if it may not be said of this man, in the language of scripture, that ke died as afoot dieth. His clerical character is no paliiation of his j tsondcrct,, I have as hule sympathy for a mm- j ister of the gospel who isfoaad>gau in hand, ' fighting in a broil with a mob, as I have for one who leaves his pulpit to mingle ta the debates of a popular assembly, in matters that cUCnat concern his sacred olfice. In either '^diiLotion he is marvellously, out of place." l^jtThe orator the a -retakes the fanatic portion - of his audience for their misplaced sympathy*" . and appeals to them whether the people ofj f lilm. is and Missouri may not charge them with having been instigated by the same pas-, sio us, and with having yielded to the like in- | . - "firmity of humaumature ? He tells them that - ** wherever the abolition fever rages, there ai'e . -mobs and murder," and remind^.- them that ~ he" would soon be called on, "in his oi?iciai| - vapaciry, to try a man, indicted tor murde growing out of this vety spirit, which was' ?yperatioa ui Alton." lie reeslls the.pe^i wiiea BritUh oppression graded theu^in^es ?ors to resistance, and shews how whentt^sj noble champions of Americau fte^eilom found i -- their prayers and suppUcat'ons Ltfc^m^.that ' . .-there w;is no law to protect then%.fi^ middle i jpath betweenruin auij*esistaAce^the^,4t took ^heir protectio? under the secuoti^f their hands, -and imu*Ching ,dftwn^|ro.'n this [jij. Hall ? an orderly :iwb ? poured ..tt^tjj^uest ing instruiueot of their degradation-! nto the sea.".. " So" continues he, fciw^||Le people - %f Missouri claiia to do, when'th?Lf jives are threatened by these abolition . cons|^|tors.? *: wiH-tetf you. they wili caj#^ 3^.^ God ' "W^eaven, as your fathers. did, jin?':with his -%or will deieavi themselve^>,M. Kfrlhe na ioral operatiau of huiacUipiissiQJa, when stim ulated and goaded to extremes^tOklKt&r out us resistance irr ebullitions of ungbver aed . wrath. Lament it as we may^acbig||-is the coast i tu tio a of mankiud, and ail the preaching ali the zealots of p-?uty will aot-j^roduce a ?iag pasts^e^ ^JWmirably put , name force .ojfctru .y. : % pe?pfe tbiit st^Lfijr lives are iu of the press,. >asiy andii^eiftperateiy operating on js oCstive^^jl^lhe i n reason to fear the breaking oat :<$>setviie war, in. whicii . their wives and da"ug?Lt?^s ara to be tV vic tims ot that a ratal ferocity that kabfflfSjhow to adddiorrors to death, aa^U* ;such a peopie calm, and tr??KtnU^, ^B^cjuiet, obedient to tite restraints of any iaw th^troan bt. made, or to anv power that can eafor&e-k*. you must first ^eat out of them every vestige of humanity, and make them more ahject^ than slavery itself. **^?t is the folly of the Abolition party that * they wiil not learu xhis great truth." The.sveaKer t?extte!is his audienze that to svmp.:thtse with those wh# ar-e nwbl>ed, for their own rashness and spirit of mischief, is ?ot the way to prevent mobs for the future aud preserve the peace of society arid the ma ^?^jesty of the laws- -declares moderation and - lorbearancp to be the great duty of the ftraes, asol partic uiarly calls '-on the recere/ul g/u **g*&etiMru at whose application the meeting was ?a*semf)ied-4f he must leave the -appropriate '4? sphere of a Minister of thj Gosple, and min gle in the strifes of party ? to teach those great I^ssod* of cluistia moderation anU mildness, that res^rd for other people's rights i ii j i*i terfvngs, and that sympathy for the un ] fortunate condition of our free fellow-citizens j i:i other States, which are the true doctrines j of christian benevolence and good will to all j mankind." i Mr. Austin proceeds to argue that extreme 1 rights are not to be insisted upon by peacea ! hie meu ; that toe liberty of -speech and of j (he press are to 3>e exercised with a due res ' ]*>ct to other's rights, and under a deep sense of personal and religious responsibility and obligation not to abuse it ; that if the press | Le ;isade an instrawient to excite intemperate j passions, it will create resistance? " such is rhe primeval law of our nature, and no earth ! ly power can alter it*'? that il the press be comes an iiicendiarv to put the passions of mankind into a biaze, its conductors alone j are to blame, if it perish in the conflagration j it has made : that an abolition press will al , ways be destroyed if established in a slave ; holding State or in its holders : and that we may execrate the mob, but cannot wonder at j its outrage. , fn further illustration of the manly inde i petidence of this true hearted son of the j'Uniou. and gallant defender of the Constitu j f.on, we take pleasure in mentioning that in j a note appended to ":his speech, he properly .stigmatizes the burning of the Catholic Nuu j nery, at Charlesiown, and the omissions of | the State to make compensation for the wan j ton injury ; and declares that so long " as I the blackened and battered walls of the Ursu j lin Convent siauds by the half raised monu ment of Bunker Hill*: * ."> '? ; ? ' Like a mildew'd ear. Blasting its wholesome brother,' I they will frown contemptuously on every at tempt we may make to rebuke the violence of other people, or admonish them to respect the sanctity of law." \y.e have devoted considerable space to this admirable and spirited -defence of the South and rebuke of her adversaries, but no more, we trnst, than is due to the occasion and will I prove interesting to our readers. -At a crisis I like the present, wheu our abol;tion foes are planting t&e ruin ami desolation of the fair fields of the Sou thr arid battering against the walls and pillars of the TTniop, -it cannot be | otherwise tiian^gra^iiyiflg to learn, that the At ? torney General of Massachusetts has buckled on the triple jkooFarmour of reason, light and the Constitution^ and nobly do'ne battle in the just cause" and. Quarrel of the South, | We owe him our warmest thanks, and. bid him God speed in bis honorable aud j'ighteous . ? career. ' ~ f? ? "? ; OF F ICl ALjpi|lCAf IONS'/ j :,,'j HY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES' OF AxMERICAv. - , H A PROCLAMATION,' . : Whereas, information having been re ceived of a dangerous excitement on the northern frontier "of the TTuited States, ;?ul consequence of the iivil war begun in Cana da, and instntctions%aving: been given to the United States officers, on that frontier, arid applications having hefen:made to the Gov ernors of the adj&mmg" StateS td" prevent, any unlawful interference on the part of our citizens in the contest unfortunately com menced in the Bfrtish Provinces; additional information has jusfheen received, that not withstanding the- proclamations of the Gov ernors of the States of "New York and Ver mont, exhorting the citizens to refrain from any unlawful acts within the territory of the United States ; and, notwithstanding the presence of the .eirtf officers of the United States, who, by my directions, have visited the scenes of commotion with the view of impressing the citizens with a proper sense of their duty, thej%xcitement instead of being appeased, irjevery day increasing hi degree ? that arms ammunitions of war, and other supplies hav^^eeH procured by .the ' insurgents in the Hotted., States ? that a mih tary force, eonsi^n?;.'in part at least, of citi zens of the P^cl States, had been act u aily orgaoked.a^Navy Island, and were still inarms uh$er the'.eommand of a citizen of the United. States, and that they were con stantly receiving accessions and aid : . m - fherefore, to the end that the an jSpF? of the laws may be maintained, and iSie faith of treaties observed, I, -Martin Van Bure.v, do most earnestly exhort all pfflzens of the Uuited States who have thus iifcj'Jted their duties, to return peaceably to t&Sr respective homes; and I hereby warn fngp. i, that any persons who shall compro injr the neutrality' of thi$r. Government by jprcrfering in an unlawful manner with the wffairs of the. neighboring British Provinces, %ill render themselves- liable to' arrest and punishment under the laws of the United Stales, w-biych ?'iii be, rigidly enforced ;. and, also, that ihey will receive no aid or coun tenance from their Government, into whatever . difficulties they may be thrown by the viola tion of the laws of their country, and. of the territory of a neighboring and friendly nation*. Given under my hand at the city of Wash*' ington, the tilth day of January, A. D. 1838, and the sixty-second of the iude v pendenee of the United States. * - By the President: JoH^.Fojasvr il, Secretary of State, . To the Senate and House of Representatives ^ . . of the, U. States In the highly excited state of feeling on the Northern frontier, occasioned by the disturbances in Canada, it was to be appre hended that -causes of complaint mi^ht arise on the line dividing the United States from her Britannic Majesty's dominions. , Every precaution was therefore taken on our part authariaed by the existing laws; and as the troops. of the provinces, were embodied on the Canadian side, it was hoped that no serious violation .the* rights of the Uuited States woujd be permitted to occur. I regret, how ever, to mform you that an outrage of a most aggravated character has been committed, ' accompanied by a hostile though temporary invasion of our territory, producing the ^strongest ieeiings of resentment on the part of oar citizens in the neighborhood, and on .the whole border line; and that the excite ment previously existing has been alarming ^;iiiae^^;)J'Q guard against the possible .or%simil race, I have thought It i nd tsjicjreab e to .call out a portion of the "militia to be posted ?ou that frontier. The doc aments herewith presented to Congress show the character o f the, , Outrage commit ted, the measures takeu iu ..consequence of its occurrence, and the necessity ^^resort ing to them. It will also be seen that the subject was immediately brought toc^the iH3tii:?e of the British Minister accredittedkto j tins country, and the proper steps tafe^.-ein i our part to obtain the fullest information of j all the. circumstances leading to and attend-, : aut upon the trausactiou, preparatorv to a \ demand for reparation. I ask such appropri i ations as the circumstances in which our t couutry is thus unexpectedly placed required MARTIN VAN BUREN.^ \V.ASai WOT ON, January 8? 1838. '? * ' ? - X: \ Mr. Roger# to the President.. Buffalo, Dec, 30, 1837. | To his Excellency* M. Van Burkn : President, of the Unite<l States : Sir: ? Enclosed are copies of affidavits which I have prepared in great haste, and which contain all that is material in relation to the gross and extraordinary, transaction to which they relate. Our whole frontier is in commotion, and J fear it will be difficult to restrain our citizens from revenging, by a re i sort to arms, this flagrant invasion of our i territory- Every tiling that can be done will i be by the public authorities to prevent so in | judicious a movement. The respective sher iffs of Erie and Niagara have taken the re sponsibility of calling out the militia, to guard the frontier, and prevent any further depredations. I atn, sir, with great consideration, your obedient servant, H. \V. ROGERS, District Attorney for Erie co., and acting i for the U. S. ; il/r. Poinsett to Gen - Scott - Department of War January 5, 1^8. Sir: You will repair, without delay, to the Canada frontier ol the United States, aud assume the military command there. Herewith you will receive duplicate letters to the Governors of the States of New \ ork and Vermont, requesting them to call into the service ol the United States such a mili tia force as you may deem necessary for the defence of that froutier of the United States. ' This power has beeu confided to you in the full persuasion that you will use it dis creetly, and extend the call only so far as circumstances may seem to require. - It is important that the troops called into the service should be, ii possible, exempt from that s;ate of exciteifcent which the late violation of our territory- has created, and you will therefore impress upou the Gover r nors of these border States the propriety of selecting troops from a portion of the State distant from the theatre of action. ? . The Executive presses no legal authori ty to "employ the military force to restrain persons within our jurisdiction-, and who ought to be under our control, from violating the Ictws, by making incursions into the terri tory of neighboring .and friendly nations, witfr hostile intent.- I can give you, there fore, no instructions on that subject ; but re quest that' you will' use yonx .influence to prevent such excesses, and to preserve the character of this Government for 'good faith and a proper regard for the rights of friendly Powers; " r*"'/; ' ' ? - % i The militia will b<3 called into the tCfVice for tlrtee months; unless sooner discharged ; and in your :feqnisitibnsv-you 'will designate the number of men, and take care that the officers do not exceed a due proportion. It is deemed 'impoVtaht. that the .adminis trative branch of the servicie should be con ducted, wherever practicable, by officers of 'the regular army. " ^ *"? j Tlie disposition of the force, with regard to the points to be occupied, is confided to syour discretion, military skill, and intimate knowledge of the country ; and the amount "of that force must depend upon the charac ter and duration of the contest now going on in Canada, and the disposition manifested by the' people and the public authorities of "that colony. ' . ' . ? ^The President indulges the hope that out rages, similar to that which lately occurred at Schlosser, will not be repeated ; and that vou will be able to maintain the peace of that frontier without being called upon to use the force which has been confided to you. * Very respectfully, , your most obedient ?^(Signed) V ' J- R- POINSETT Bvt. Maj. Gea. Winfield Scott, \V ash ingtoa City.- . ? * ** V. ' : Mr. Forsyth, to Mr. Fox. . Department of State, Washington, Jan. 5, 1838. ' Sir: By the direction of the President of the United States, I have the honor to com municate to you a copy of the evidence fur nished to this Department of an extraordina ry outrage committed from Her Britannic Majesty's province of Upper Canada, on the persons and property of citizens of the United- States, within the jurisdiction of the State 'of New York. : The destruction of property, and the assassination of citizens of the United States on the soil of New Y ork, at the moment when as is we'll known to you, the President was anxiously endeavoring to allay the excitement, and earnestly seeking to prevent any unfortunate occurrence on the frontier of Canada, has produced upon his mind the most painful emotions of surprise and regret. ? It will necessarily form the sub ject of a demand for redress upon Her 'Majesty's Government. This communica tion is made to you under the expectation -that through your instrumentality, an early explanation may be -obtained from the au thorities of Upper Canada of all the circum stances of the transaction ; and that, oy your advice to these authorities,^ such decisive precautions may be used as will render the perpetration of similar acts hereafter impos sible. Not doubting the disposition of the Government of Upper Canada to do its duty in punishing the aggressors and preventing future outrage, the President, notwithstand ing has deemed it necessary to order a suf ficient force on the frontier to repel any attempt of a like- character, and to make known to you that if it should occur, he -cannot be answerable for the eflects of the indignation of the neighboring People of the United States.'. L take this occasion to renew to you the -insurance of my distinguished consideration, assurance oi uiy JOHN* FORSYTH. To Henry S. Fox, Esq., &c. &c. ? SPECIAL MESSAGE. i To the Legislature: \ ' I' I received last evening, after my annual message was prepared, information of an I occurrence which 1 hasten to communicate to vou- . , . The territory of this State has been inva ded, aud some of our citizens murdered by an armed force from the Province of L ppei Canada. w '? "... .Py.thp documents accompanying this com munication, it will be perceived that the steamboat Caroline, owned by one of our t citizens, while' lying at Schlosser on the Ni agara river, within the limits of this State, on the night of the '29tli of December last, was forcibly seized by a party of seventy or ^eighty armed men in boats, which came "jfroig, and returned to the Canada shore. and other persons in this steam r^dat^aiHtounting to 33, were > suddenly at tacked^ ^lid night, after they had retired to repose, and probably more than one third of them wantonly- massacred/, The Boat was detached from the wharf to which it had 1 been secured, set on fire, taken into the river, and by the force of the current carried over the Niagara Falls. Twelve of the per sons who were on board of it are missing, and there is ground to fear that they were killed by the invaders in their attack upon it, or perished in its desceut over the cataract. Of those who escaped from the boat one was killed on the wharf, and several wounded. I am warranted in assuring you, that the authorities not only of this State, but the United States, have felt an anxious solicitude to maintain the relations of peace and strict neutrality with the British provinces in Up per and Lower Canada at all times since the commencement of the civil disturbances therein^ and have in all respects done what was incumbent upon iheiu to do to sustain these relations. The occurrence to which I have alluded, is an outrage that has not been provoked by any act done, or duty neglected, by the Government of this State or of the Union. If it should appear that this boat was intended to be used for the purpose of keeping up an intercourse between this Stale and Navy Island, which is now held by an assemblage of persons in defiance of ; the Canadian government, this circumstance j would furnish no justification for the hostile I invasion of our territory and the destruction of the lives of our citizens. The General Government is intrusted with the maintenance of our foreign relations, and will undoubtedly take the necessary steps to redress the wrong and sustain the honor of the country. Though I have received no official inform ation of the fact, I have good reason to be lieve that the local authorities of this State have taken prompt and efficient means, not only to protect our soil from further invasion, but to repress any retaliative measures which our citizens, under the impulse of deeply excited and indignant feelings, might rashly resolve to adopt; and that the patriotic : militia in the vicinity of the scene of the outrage, have obeyed with alacrity the call which has been made upon them, for these purposes* >It will probably be necessary for this State to keep up a military force for the protection of our citizens and the maintenance of peace, until an opportunity is given for the general government to interpose with its power. In that event, 1 apprehend that it will be neces sary for you to provide by law for the pay tpen.t and maintenance. of such forces as the' occasion may require. . . I snail doubtless receive, within a short time, official information of what the local authorities have done, and shall be better enabled to form an opinion of what may be necess&ry on.the pai t of this State to preserve ? 11 V rights and die public tranquility. I shall then communicate further with you on the subject, and suggest such matters in relation ?to it as mav require your consideration. W- h. MAKCY. Albany , Jan. Id, 1838. Nkw Orlbans, Jan. 4. DESTRUCTIVE FIRE! HEAVY LOSS!! . One of the most devouring fires that has ever visited our city, commenced between" nine and ten . o'clock last evennig, in the block of buildings on Front Levee. It was first discovered in No. II, occupied as a wholesale grocery store, by Ferguson Parker; extending on the right and left, taking in No. 10, occupied as a coffee house ; No. 9, occupied by Messrs. Winston & Shall, steamboat and family grocer; No. 9, by S. Lock As Co hardware merchants. On the right No. 12, by Delassus 6c Montreial, extending to the corner, in which \Vm. Vance kept a clothing store. The build ings extending through to Clinton-street, in their rear, from whence the fire was easily communicated to the stores fronting on old Levee, which were soon in complete posses sion of the contending elements. Seven stores sare now a heap of ruins, with most of their contents. No. 25, Pencil & Deu plissis, No. 30, Henshaw & Iiodgers, No. 32 James Allen, and D. Goldsmith, up stairs ; No. 34, Beebe & Co, wooden-ware house and carnage store. No. 36, Ducross & Mor phy, and George <W. Pritchard. 31, God frey & Blossom. No. 40 was used as a store house by Jy \V. Zacharie & Co iu which was.a large quantity of wines and raisius. ? The lower floor of the corner was occupied as a coffee-house, and the upper floors by the office of the Louisiana Advertiser, which we^ fear, an almost total loss. - ' ^sFothwithstanding the unremitted and ar duous labors of the Fire Department, the flames reached the opposite side of Old Levee street, adding the store occupied by Morris, Sniffen & Co, as a Clothing Store, and Vining 6c Turelle, as a Shoe and Hat' Store, to its ravages ; the Grocery of Messrs. Jolly 6c. Vangike was much injured, some others were slightly damaged. At half past one the flames were subdued, after having destroyed property to the amount of from 5 to 800,000 dollars ! Another damper to the. mercantile community, we had thought that the catalogue was already full. The insu rance companies will be the principal look ers, as most of the property was insured to the full amount. But we learn with regret that this was not the case with the Louisi ana Advertiser, if so, the loss must come particularly heavy upon the uufortunate pro prietor* The height of the buildings pre vented the water from having a fair chance at its opponent. - Fears are entertained that several lives, have been lost. We are unable- to contra-, diet or confirm the report. A fireman was, however, much injured. .. . - FROM WASHINGTON. Our special correspondent transmits to us the following notice of yesterday's proceed ings in Congress: ? Boil. American . , - Washington, Jan. 6, 1838." The House did not sit to-day. The Senate come together at 12 o'clock. Mr. M'Kean brought forth another set of resolutions touching the subject of Slavery in the District of Columbia. The resolu tians were but two jn number, and merely resolved that it was inexpedient to legislate on the subject at this time, and inexpedient to consider the subject of Slavery at this time in the Senate. The resolutions were laid upon the table, by the rules of the Sen ate, one day. Mr. Robbins, of R. I., brought forward some resolutions adopted by the legislature of Khode Island against the annexation of 'I exas. They were laid on the table. The orders of the day were then called for, which were the further consideration of Mr. Calhoun's resolutions on the subject of Slavery. Mr. Morris, of Ohio, was entitled to the floor. ? He spoke again and more zealously than ever in opposition to the resolutions. In a speech of an hour long, he entered upon the discussion ofthe following exciting topic, which he assumed as a position ;-ruThe_ Constitution of the United States recogni zes the institution of Slavery, hut the fra-'; mers of the Constitution intended, when they framed that instrument, that Slavery should be abolished in the Slates." The framcrs of the Constitution intended the abolition of Sla very ! Upon this topic Mr. Morris spoke with great warmth and much feeling. Ihe oreat opposition he has met with from almost all quarters during the discussiou, has nerved him to an artificial opposition which other wise would not have been called forth. His speech of course created a great excitement. A vote was taken on Mr. Morris's amend ment. as soon as he had concluded, and the amendment was lost, 9 to 32. The resolu tion contained an expression of opinion sim ilar to that expressed in the amendment of Mr. Smith. ? ?'*: Mr. Davis followed in a Very long and very able speech in opposition to Mr. Calhoun's resolution, which was listened to with intense interest by a very large audicncw. His man ner and matter were calm and dignified and respectful, and his arguments strong aud well put. He objected to the resolution, because it created what w,os most dangerous, and what the South had most deprecated dis cussion and agitation. He charged the South with creating the discussion more than . the North. The Senate was willing to lay abolition petitions on the table yithout dis cussion, without reference, without consider ing, without printing, and what more should the South ask ? They were making bad worse by further agitation. Mr. Davis thought that the extent and power of the Abolitionists was not great,. and >he believed they acquired lour-fold strength and power from agitation in the Senate Chamber. Mr. Calhoun replied, ;;and reiterated, the remarks he made two days since, as to. his motives in Introducing his resolutions, . their. character, design, &c. Mr. Niles, of Conn, made some remarks in defence of the resolutions, and said he should go as far as the farthest in defence 0f them.- He wished jhe resolutions to receive some support from the North, a6 well as from the South. ? ??*' , ? vs,'- 1 . Mr. Bayard offered an amendment' to" ?the resolution, so that "the several StaiesV ^be stricken out, and "we the people" inserted^ Ther amendment was. lost ? :34 to- 8; - The ypte then camo up on the third resolution, ; which was adopted as follows :: ? _ ' ? &> " YEAS? Messrs. Allen, Be n to n , ^ B lac k, :? Buchanan } Calhoun, Cuthbert^ Fulton bard , King, Lumpkin, Lipn, Merrick* , Nich ols, Niles, Norvell, Pierce, Preston v^Uves, Roane, Robinson*, Sevier, Siuilkj of Conn^ Strange, Walker, White, Williains, JVr.igh 'til Young? 27.-\' , V ? ' ' * The nays I have not time torc The Senate then adjourned over to Tues-j day. , v<-r-^s -yV.~ 'IvS 3 The third Resolution is as follow?*:? ?; * ..y. Resolved, That ;his Government was insti-. tuted and adopted by the several^ States of this Union as a commoji agent, in order to: carrv into effect the po\Vers which. tljeyvhad^ delegated by the Constitution for , their , mu tual "security and prosperity ; and that, in fuj-. fillmcnt of this high and sacredr- trust, ?m? this Government is bound to give, as-4arr?S( mav be practicable, increased stability ancl^ security to the domestic institutions of the States that compose the Union ^ and that n It. is the solemn duty of the Government to resist all attempts by one portion of the Union to use it as an instrument to attack the domestic institutions of another, or to weakeii or destroy such institutions, instead of strengthening and upholding them, as it is iu dut^ bound to do. i ? ? - - - * ( Correspondent of the Southern Patriot.) WASHINGTON, Jan. 8. The Senate did not sit today. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES . In the House of Representatives, as soon as 'the. Journal was read, a Message from the* President of the U. S. was laid before thy house communicating authentic ^information in relation to the late outrage upon our citi zens near Buffalo, acquainting Congiess of his having appointed Gen. Scott, &c., and recommending an appropriation to enable the Executive to preserve our neutrality and pro--, tect our citizens, . - On a motion made to refer that part of the Message relating to an appropriation, to the Committee of Ways and Means, and the res-, idue to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, a considerable bebate arose. * Mr. Waddy Thomson denounced in strong terms, the conduct of the Canadian or .Brit ish Forces, in the barbarous, wiltul, and un provoked murder of o.ur citizens, and insisted that we should demand a full and instant atonement. Though he expressed his con fidence that the whole matter would be pro perly conducted bv the Federal Executive, yet he regarded Mr. Forsyth's letter as too vague.'' ? Mr. Haynes said he could not regard an exptession as-" vague," which characterised the act referred to as an assassination, aiid demanded the punishment of the perpetrators. Mr. Rhett replied to Mr. Thompson, and denied that there was any thing in the act, so far as at present appeared, or in the princi ples involved, which should justify our rush ing into a war with Great Britain. - . ' Mr. Bkonson and others appealed earnest ly to the House not to continue a protracted debate on so delicate a subject, without hav ing the facts before them. ; It was moreover stated, that nearly all the persons now on Navy Island, were_.c\tizens of the United St ites. - Mr. Mennefee held the present and late Administration responsible (or the whole bus iness, on account of the supineness of -our; Government, and the countenance it leut in the late expeditions in Texas. ? - Mr. Waddy Thompson insisted that the Government had done all that was in its pow er to preserve its neutrality on that occa sion. ' ? , . ' Mr. : .se deprecated the discussion at this incipient stage, and in the absence of more information. He therefore moved the previ ous question, and as it prevailed the motion was agreed to, and the reference made as above; . , ' Two other Messages were sent in from the President, one in relation to the capture of the Mexican vessel, the General Urrea, and the other transmitting the document called for in the Resolution of Friday, on the^ttb ject of Mexico, both of which were referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. " . Petitions and Memorials were then called for in the order of Stales, and after a large mass had been presented, the House adjourn ed. ? . . /;* ( Co rre. spo ndence of the Southern Patriot. WASHINGTON, Jan. 3^ SENATE. ' TT,". - In the Senate, the Messages sent into the House yesterday were received, and some Mr. Clay admitted tlie necessity Government resenting the outrage u[ citizens, but he was compelled to admit^l that the Brkieh Government might find | cedents for.it in the acts of our own Goyei inent, {alluding to Texas.) ^ Mr. Benton replied with great warmth, and asked the Senator to point out a single prece dent of this characier. Mr. B. knew of none, and he had no idea that the British Govern ment would resort to such an expediency in making its explanation of the occurrence re ferred to. Mr. Calhoun deprecated any debate on ?o momentous a subject at this incipient stage, without being in possession of all the facts necessary to arriving at a definite conclusion.. . The Message was then referred, part to the i Committee on Foreign Affairs. ^ The Senate then proceeded to the con?id-;f. eration of Mr. Calhoun's Resolutions, and a ? very exciting debate took place, when the 4th Resolution "was agreed, to. Ayes, 34.--y Noes, 5. * r :x v - The, following is thfc-resokition y Resolved , That domestic slavery, as it exists ? in the Southern and Western States of thH^ Union, composes an important part of theif? domestic institutions, inherited from their an-% cestors, and existing at the adoption of the > Constitution, by which It is recognized as % constituting as essential element in the distri-^ bution of its powers among the States, ,and? that ho change f>f opinion, or feeling, on the?.' part -of &e other. States of the Unio^p^la- v tiori tb ^ity can justify them <ir jthiwr-citizisti^ ' in open and systematic attacks thereon, with ^ the vie>v to its overthrow ; and that alt such 3; attacks are in manifest violation of themuthal* and "solemn ? pledge to- protect and defends each other, given by tfi8 States "respectively,^ on entering into the Destitution a I compact,^ /.which/ormed the^Union,^and^ such is a minifest breach of faitf}* aijcl a violation of >_L?!_v^a A -** ^ " ^ , * - 7T-. . y -;v American . Jan. 9. v H v 'g The^fifth -resolution ^nfi.up^orconaide- i ratioB^a v ? . -M^Smltlj of Copu. , \vhd Jiad ; supported the^ f^^^^jutiifns,^ - was^posed to the fiffch. H^coiisidered the fouy resolutions as a mere . recognition of'coWstituljgtnaf^rinclplesi, but.*: the 'fifth was altogether -3iff?rent. The"peo ptahatfa -right fa,- ^efegjJi(>?f&' jdbctrines-^ r.f They had;- m ills opinion, -a 8UC--tI but&TaW;o^^ . . , . , e&tti?four first resolutions, ..and sai contained the only weapon which ^ou cessfuily be - b rough? against the" abolitionists. 3 Th^^vere the" only expression of opinioii^ thfc>Se6^te ucoujiL g^ving^ 'itJ$Ji5^5 hopetl it vvom(FsnoAvv^.r'cha n^e . of public^ opinion fdc the 'better; The battle, he saTd^J wa"? to:be fo uglit^V tlie N ojrth.- The* . 4$dH^ sli qu Id' 1 u R he r i t>to no fa Ise '^ e cu ri ty . ^ There wja^da'cTg)?r^aiid:he wa r^e^ th e;So utKl;?f jit.J ^Mr.Crittenrfeta followed/ arid commented *v severely ou. the .resolutions; They placed th& subject in the air, and wpre.but air bub- , Wes?mcre abstraction.^ meaning nothing-? ? nothing? nothing., fle-'exaiiiined former re- j marks and re plied j.o. thejpVvritlTgreat warmth 3 and spirit. He be?gfed;jM iy. Ga I honn.ro give ''I. hiip.^ouie idea of a State vE3ghts man. He j ipau^-ne mignc oe unc, - >v. j sum .uc /; could uot'participate iu tHe fears of the Sen ; ?t"oraf ifrjbti^^la^holdm^^tafev ' F or hisowajl part het?elj; strong in t^e ^ws? strong in the ^ Cohstiftkioii? strong in jhelUnion. He ae-^ ;<yjsed--^lr; Oalhonn of rnaking the- slavery^ j :<y|Sitidn and this disou^fujp a '*}>5!iticaA \ ?^Ufc^ion .and a political discussion, and every ; rpan Catcofding to 4iis notions was to dubbed an Aboliiiodist wlfo wasr'not a States J Rights man.. .V * " ; 'M^CJiiboun said he'was : not iirrprised arj, the oppo*si/ ion of Mr. Crittenden. He looked^ upon t he fa c ts in a diffcrentlligfit from bim^ ' . an<i therefore lt wai inr'vain to argue with V him. Mr. Cajhaun stated ibe numbferof the.t Aboiiti^isto, theit ext^^ and though^ if.this.did -oat alarm him nothing would do? s6.^He argued that ij the' Abolitionists on, tli ere wou fJ be erther an end to tbe XTmoo | or a civil war/ '^" T! . . Mr. Clay, after some few remarks from < Messrs. Crittenden and Preston, took the ^ floor.- He entered into a brief 'explanation orf the origin of the constitution, its relationship^ between States and Government. He regret-^ ted that the resolutions had been designated*'^ as the doctrines of any one pdrfy.\ In such ^ great principles, intended, for-lhe security of ~ property and the preservation 'of the Union, t there should be do appeal to one party but i to all ? to the Democratic party ? to the Jack-J' son party? rtO the old Republican party ? to the.J^an Bureu party-r-to the Loco Foco^ party;- ... ? ? [Mr. CIzTy here read an eloquent lettter.' from Governor Pitmau, ofRhode Island, upon r the progress of . the Abolition (juesrion and ? the causes of its increase. The letter gave '/? an accurate and interesting, view of the ex- ; citement throughout the North.] . \ Mr. Clay spoke of the right of petition, and \ said there were three views of this question ; j one was where petitions were presented of a ? character that undoubtedly did not belong * to Congress to act upon; the second was where the thing prayed for was a controvert -ed question; and the third where it was un- i doubted. ' Mr. Clay said that petitions for ^ the Abolition of Slavery in the District of - Columbia belonged to this class. It was at least a questionable position, and one which he begged the Senate to consider" in all its importance. If, said Mr?. Clay, you' would * receive, refer, and report upon such petitions^ and against sucli.p?yer<r, it would satisfy the ? petitioners, ' calm and tr^uquilize .the public ? mind, a ud preserve the. XhiioBi - Mr. Clay '; said the tifih resolution had a reference tof; some quesfion .beyond the AboJition-of Sla very. Texas, it might be seen, was thoughts ot when the resolution was drawn up." Mr.^ Clay said, he hoped that this question would" be kept free from partv politics and party feeling.- He Concluded his renaarks with the' presebt^tioii of a niimber of resolutions of a . pacific character?designed -to harmonize and 4 tranquiiize the Northern' and Southern sec- * tions of country. - The resolutions were nine ? in number, and contain sentiments full of < patriotism andstatesmanshlp. Mr. Clay read * theih himselC-and they excited great interest-^ in the Senate Chamber which was crowded to overflowing;^-^