University of South Carolina Libraries
"*v I ' A HI . ' \ jj. ' .fv ^ ?-*3! MWMMWggMMBBaWgMCBgMMggaaBMBffBMMagaB-BMB?BBaBIII-'' -W __ U i . ! I | I III I I. I ?Ml* ?? THE CAROLINA SPARTAN. BY CAVI3 & TRIMMIER. g noted far Southern ^tights, politics, ?tgriattturr, audi gUsedtany. 42 PER AHBUK YOL. XVII. SPARTANBURG, S. C., THURSDAY, AUGUST 9, 1800. NOA23. She Carolina Spartan, g by"cavi8 <*c trimmteic. t,: Prioo, Two Uoi.i.aks per unnuiu, in advance, or ^ $2.50 at the end of the year. It' not paid uu- ul til after the year expires $!J.(lt). C Ho subscription taken for less titan six months, sc Money may be remitted through postmasters ^ at our risk. . Advertisements inserted at the usual rates, ' and oontracts made on reasonable terms. Tiik-&vautas circulates largely over this and S adjoining districts, and oilers an admirable lite- ul vliutn to our friends to reach customers. Job work of all kinds promptly executed. Blanks, Law and Equity, continually on hand, ar orinted to order. '' ^ 01 Corrcttpontleiice of the Npurtuu., Husk Co., Tkxas, July 10, IS'50. j ty JDkar Spautax t Having beet uuem- ^ ployed for the last three weeks, owing to a I a protracted drought that has prevailed in j ti au: i i I .1 . ' tl tins aim uujui'uui uuiniv;df 1 am iiu j?u m a row with the uiost of the farmers, hut lit- j it tie to do; or at least hut little that can be 1 n done to profit; and thinking oft of the land tl of my nativity and my former associates and is friends, 1 had a disposition to spend a few w ol my unprofitable moments giving thein a short communication through your columns, C( though I have never at any time before at- p tempted to write anything for publication, tl But knowing that many of your eitizcus an- J tieipate migration to the "Lone Star State," u I wish them to be informed of the alanning condition of most all Kustern Texas in 11 regard to breadstuffs. It. is true enough food w can }-et be had fo keep all the animal kingdom on foot; but I don't think 1 would be j | justifiable in saying, that all get enough t > 1 o keep their digestive organs constantly at j r work. They become so active after a person ll remains in this fjtato a while, that they j j] can perform the functions assigm-1 them p with despatch, and generally grind out and n crave something more to operate upon before the accustomed time arrives to give ' .them fresh supplies. But the great ami j absorbing question is, how are these sup- j ? plies to l.e kept up till at.other crop can be i s; made? \\ heat was nearly a failure; oat , 'J a failure; corn, a failure; and cotton will j 1 he a failure if we iln not in?t rain in -1... er I time; and there is no prospect??i* that, it ' is now throwing oft the .-hap s, and the i I first bolls opening. i he gin -s j.> p.rehing ; 11 up.rapidly, and without luai wilt so..ii . < I , to give -a support to the milch enws of th ! country; and tliat will curtail our moan.-. <d' , sustenance. l"'or till' milk and hotter eon i ? suuied here is an iuiiinrtniit item - -ue.uh i * t hail the suppoi ol many families. This is indeed a set ions time, and will he] n an ej.ceh .ong 'it lie reim-inhcrcd by all who ai\ within irs bounds. Hut it is the lii-l " year this eoiu.tj has tailed to make enough to rUj poit ii-ell siuee it has been s< ttled. 1 J The oh I est . ettler- in this e ant- h a\ ltved hen atinnt t\\ ent \ two .ears, am the a testimony is, th.it the emu ? I . not been a failure before sinee tin \ seitnd in the county,though it was IV- .on n11 \ eutoll nfbrc or less; but not as snbjiot to s. rious injury from the annual droughts as the cotton crop. i nis country, aeeor. 1 i11u to tin testimony of those \vlo? live here, near!} in j variably has a dryught in the latter part o: t the summer season?July and An ti-l. v Corn is generally matin.d h\ that lime enough to make good cr>?j ; but cotton , crops are eut oft". ' a Notwithstanding the h .story of t hi - niini- 11 try goes to prove that it is more snhjeet " drought than some of the Master.' Si ties, j yet it possesses iiidueemeir.s to eiti/eii>hip that many ol then. do not. The State al- a lows its citizen-a Homestead ol'two hun- '' died acres ol land, live cows and ealves, " ' one horse, enough provision lor one year s j support, ami all their housi bold furniture. (J llcre each citizen is esteemed aeeording a to worth and merit, ami not according to J jaunty distinction.-;, ami the ainnip t of property ho is in possession ol". I I ere tlie n: of people iniorm themselves on all point* (J .at issue, and act according to their own v convictions ol'light and wrong, and riot ac- j .cording as .Mr. A. or B. would say. it money is needed to carry on an im- " jportant internal iiuproveincnt lli.it will he beneficial to its citizens, they come lip I s ftlio work with -unity of strength, each man *' willing to bear his part. They art; n-tliL- " your citizens were about the. Ki*tension of 1 Abe Spartanburg and I n ion Kailroad, raise v .M hue and;x cry, and say, We are called up- :| on to subscribe to an unimportant work ? v that road can never be beneficial to us. v That was a very erroneous notion, I thiol . '' Mo road has ever been built that was n-.f 0 ,beneficial to the section of country through which it passed. Jt is unnecessary for ino here to set forth ( wherein the citizens of Spartanburg won. I p .have been benefitted by the completion of , -the Greenville and Krone h Broad Uailroad. That has already been .shown the.u, but 0 they were not open to convi .-tioii, or acted ], .blindly to their own int rest. Now, in my humble opinion, the Kxfi n- |, sio* of the Spartanburg and I nioii 1! iil- ^ road was an all-important matter to thoeiti- |, zcus of Spartanburg and to the St ite at t largo?one in which all should have been .deeply interested, because the completion sj .of thiit work would have redounded to their j, m?i ual benefit and commercial prosperity, p But there were so many moon en ves, cur p. jmudgcops, and old fogies, they would not have it. They say, if wc build the road, we arc giving tip the reins of democracy, ibmitting to a taxation imposed upon y our legislators to carry on (^to our ihsiot) an unprofitable work. The plan upon which that road was ofsrod your citizcus was the most judicious 10 that could have been offered thcui. The mpletion of that work, all ought to have sen, would have btan ot' incalculable in rest; and, inasmuch us all would have ecu equally benefitted, should not all havo ecu willing to pay something to build it ? trietly speaking, I do nut think, the plan I tiered to build the road ought to have been uisidcrcd a taxation. The tax-payers were uly asked to subscribe in proport ion to what ley were worth the sum of d7 per cent, a their general tax?merely showing the mount lbr each to pay .to build the road, o one eouid have scarcely felt the amount, he citizens of Spartanburg remind me of >uie of our Baptist brethren, belonging to beautifully-situated church in your Dis ict. If it were left to a vote with them, icy would vote away the preacher before | ley would p.ly him anything for preach-' ig. I think it is a wise thing tlrat so! uiii}' elections are kept out of the hands of u: people, since they have voted out of ex tcucc an important railroad. Xo telling ' hat they would not vote away*. They v6- ' id away the Homestead I.aw, or were so luch opposed to it, the Legislature re pea 111 it to satisfy tlieui. 1 should not be surrised at all to .hear they had voted away j ic road already completed to Spartanburg j '. II. The stockholders of 'hat road had j ettcr he very vigilant, and not let the in- j rust of that road come to a test vol'. I wish my friends well, and my enemies ' I harm ; but in f-iiiti I ?!.! .I- ! I ould he nothing but right lor the Lcgis- t ire of South Carolina to appropriate funds >r the completion of the lllue llidgc Road. I' they are not willing to have the profits i' railroad extension themselves, is it not igjit that they should help to extend where i?ey are willing to have extension 'i lly , lie time the ei i/ens ol" Spartanburg pay j lieir part of a million or two dollars to the I nildingui that road they will eotne to their j uHc. We have a railroad now located IVoin the , ahine to Henderson, the county site ' 1 Rusk county?a distance of two 1. I , iilea. The citizmis of Husk county ?. o ' uly asked to subscribe o" hundred thouand dollars, and in one ;.e nth alter the . o..ks were opened they had subscribed two J no Ire thousand dollars. The stoekhol- j ers ol the whole route then called a meet- ! ug and made an estimate of the probable ! mount of co-t ? made it twelve thousand | u.iirs per inihs and found they already i i I subselibed twelve thousand and live | undred per mile So you see the citizens | t' llii,-.1' ' Oilut\ eonie it In.the work wit { hold front iii tlie whole route o*' out ! oil there are in Water courses to cross ' ud I ui t. little heavy grading. Ill families like the picscut this Stale' liinks of her citizens. The Legislature o | "i-x:i> no d m t will serpen 1 the collection ' I debts by law. ill tin- o.ii.e rs can >i, uilie colli mob it ics im i,, ; !. ? ; 11. on tbi: olio eil eil i' ,n < I e . 11* e u 0 lioiildate i. . a iud th> I. i'd li 01 breads ut. . 'l In* I irtn 1 " , 11 -.1 ri oii .e I.. >1 ate ol" ismm . on t' . i ill have to "go to gi .- o r i. i ;ood country, l'ciii.ip ueni m in, .uture CAKM-ESS. M s\ .\ Monk I.v. I he A uierieau dour la! ol Science and Ar'.s, e.iiiiiueted i \ 'l.e 'n.le-so.s Sillimau atii i> l>.mi. and mil i.-li 'd at N e.v 11 a veil, t onn., I) . - an .u leie i.y I 'iofessor 1 hcophiius i '.ir-ons.'*in I' h tidi Im in.i.ut.in - that tin- notion ] man ici g l orn from an .ii.it.. i! does n it > an . ii the way of | o-:.i\e revelation and i- in>. n opposition to all religion- beli< 1-. 11 dinits that in ui i- superior in d? gn *. > .!. ...,i a --a i ' , mum ir> mi ii ntni in ;?;?* nt. lie is not sure, lioWev r, 111.; auiII.ill hereafter Will f : I (il|l|i' Witl.' ?. ;! .- 1 il> 1 ? ;i-Ml!i'S II- tll.lt ll?l Would lint ln> ill-it urliil lij, (lie di-eovery, il' science should lien Iter (Ifitioti-itrate tli.it .he <;uriiln or tin h.nit} ii.z o li.nl *.*ivf11 Inrtli t.i nll-jiriii;: > Tpant/a-d tli.it it fiMil>l tic inspired villi In- liif.itli utsiiintii.il ; 11 1 i in ii i < >: !.?| 111 ,:i<l If. .11111' tllf Mi'.ji i ! .ill til iltlilillli I human n.it tire. I In- li-ariifd j 4??1". .riI si i of dpi ii i 'ii th.it ii T. .i.iii wiiulil in ti > rise ho disparaged, fVfii it sfifiicf should lereafter solve a "ii nf problem in tlinuloV. and account l^r tlf illlloifit' "ices of i'.iii, by show in <; that the h own ouran^utan^r that Jivfs anion;; the hrown Malays ras 'heir progenitor; the Idae - gorilla tl atlicr ol the liiuek races, anion; whoii) lie j * stiJl liiiiml; other stmiti the parents ol thcr hit - an families; and some one lairr t! an the rest the ancestor ol the t'ireai-.'iis, whose sop- rinrity over their pio; niur was so oiVat, that the)' had rooted l.iiu nt Irmn the earth. All this the Ihule-sor irolfsses to helieve is in ontiro harmony iitli the book of tiem.sis and with reason ml common sense. 'J his disciple ol' l>ari'iii is sutler"d to he at la rue in New I laen, and, as lie is considered perfectly aunties*. there is no prospect that a writ '? iuiui/i.co iiiiiiiiri'iufo will he issued. | /{it'll uluinf /h sjut h'/i. JlKl.l, HlNlilMS I * N I'll K KI/KM Kl?.?The 'itieiiinati Commercial, ( Kopulicaii,) speaki.; of the Hell and Kverett procession in i.at city . says: "Tliey came an army with ltd Is, all sorts I hells, all kinds of hells, every variety of oils, l?i^ hulls and little bells, house bells ml li;iJ1 bells, dinner bells and On'.v bolls, , ells miscellaneous) , sheep bells and super bells, auctioneers' tails and bo Ms Ibr >sf ebidren, (to rinir ill the truauts,)plan llion bells and church b -1 Is, sleigh bells ml breakfast bells, together with all sorts, i/. s and kinds of bulls. fMicb an intolerale din never spilt thuearsol humanity bu,ru. It was worse than forty-six iron laudrius all p>in^ at une.e." A man ''behind thu times" should : i t> oatc h up I ouu s'lxntY. Froui the New York Mercury. THE CATACOMBS OF HOME. v .1 Tule of the Stt viu/ Christian Cnitttry. | The traveler who visits the Rome of to- I lay, if a classic scholar and antiquarian, oo- f copies himself with the ruins ot ancient ' 1 Home?that "Mother of Head Empires.'' I; The ruined temples, triumphal arches, it,- 1 script ions, medals, coins, are lull of interest u to him. Seated on the summit of the (,'api- <J tolinc Hill, or on the rumparts of the f'oli- c suuiii, he rebuilds the ancient oity, making it rise around him in uiiS.-ive grandeur us 1 it stood in the days of the Ctesars. u The artist who visits Home spends bis s time in the galleries of pictures and statu.,- 1 ry; or, if he visits the chutches, it is to visit t "The Lost Judgment" of Michael Angelo; s "The Transflgumtion" of Rafael; the won- t del tul frescoes of the Sistiuo Chapel, or the I works of art that crowd St. Peter's. lie t cares little lor the Rome of two thousand years ago. or the Rome of to-day, except in so far as they contribute in the enjoyment ot his favorite pursuit. While tli.ue is a Rome for the artist and another lor the antiquary, there is a third Rome for the Christian visitor-,?a Rome of r three hundred churches, with St. Pi ter's n i world in itself, utid the treasures aceuinula- \ < toil through fifteen cdituiics in the Vati- t can. lit this he 111 ids a world which o* cu j t pies all his attention. And when he has! I seen all that presents itself upon the earth s j a surface, we tied that there is another I Ionic | t beneath the ancient city?the Roiuc of the t Catacombs. I Why these excavations were made origi- > nally no history informs us. Hut in the j second century ol our era, they were used i by the Christians in Ihmio as places ol' re- i luge from persecution, ol secret worship, t and for the burial of the dead. Here were ' deposited the hones of the martyrs, the i bones of those who were devoured by the wild beasts in the amphitheatre, and the ashes of those who were burned ut the .Stake, i These catacombs arc o. great extent. ; There arc lone galleries, with recesses on each side for burial, looking like the tiers : of berths in our steamboats. When the I body or relics was deposited, the recess was I : wailed p and plastered over with cement. | and (lie inscription, giving tin name alnl ; age of the deceased, and coin mending his i soul to the prayers eft he. faithful, was carv- ! : ed in stone or made in the suit, mortar. ') . lamps are found which were kept lighted I adore the graves of the umrtyrs, cither as a mark of veneration, or to light those who 1 came there to pray; and in many of those tombs arc jound phi.ils ol martyrs blood, and the instruments ol their torture. he curious reader, who cannot go to j It one, wiil lind in the Astor Library, and can sec. it lie liud> tin* librarian in good humor. two or three large lo.:o volutues. in wh'cii fit,- galleries, eh "els, , .tubs and i\ l;es ol th et'.ac on ? in: repieseti ? 1 wi It .1 in .-t t" v . . i > he chape is of I lie -e e ill , . It 'is ( -li ill iheSe sllli. ..li S'e .J. lie Wit! ti id ol II i e lire.-, w 11 ill -how the car V iv*,ii io( In ail ait. and :lie I i .i .ra i.n. ut it .ujt by t!.e !i s'.uiicii [ a.id . . . mat p;c;nr. s. ol places ol < hris w lop j oli j y . as hi lie s lid centtir\ ! . I.iivu- iiei 'i- tntoiiius tin- plnlo.-npher. i Was ciii|ii:roi A li i'- and general perse- j | eat ion <1 io\ c t lie i Lit t la ii- to t lie catacomb.- j I lie iicec.-sit ic- o| gaining i )i Veliiioo.) cuin polled ih m t<> nil' ii i lo their I iiim >- ami tabors '#ut their ehurche> ahove ground j were de-eiti'il. anil ill- inv l' i n > of 1'i'lioimi t ? 1 1 rated l-\ till' "raves of lit. in i> I\ is in llio bowel- ol' t In; t art 11 Mai.\ vem thrown iiiln la i- >ii -iii.i i_\ were tor:nr. d end slain. . At llit" |" ; Inii, ami al 11 fi 111< ill intervals iliiuiio ll.ir ill.? i* tii-i i*i ntui i.tin- jia^.ui lio w i" /. if ti" in Iii" own w.nship -the II.alio.oi" ii.an w lin w o-oed lou.-.;tii\ a ^ | ?i l.-r . j|o.iin."i Iii" i:citzlilmr. or tlie | i;11 i!< icr win# cot. ii-<I Ins wori.ik j- "."i -."i .. Ii.nl only lo tie iii amce Iii in to tin- pii'..lie atitluirilit'.s. it' In- w.i- a Christian, lo s tisfy Iii." zeal. In." uialiCc. oi hi" t-uj>i 11r\. < tila. ian.an oihe r - .11 ii . n p. ior - In wise I ti it. 1, proinl ot' Iii" rank, In.s wealth ami In." p.i"itmil, as a lav.into ol llio mmil ami |>liilo."o] La al cui per. c, <liKii11m->lie#l hiut"clf l.v lit" tali nt ami z.-al ; and in no way more tli.in by the activity with which lie piirsii.il tli" enemies til tin ol>I it11 ion. rt)"hriued in tlic liistoiy litoratn c, ami arts ot Komic. In one ol liis expedition* auain-t the Christians, he entered tin- house of A^rij. pa, a citizen ot ht"h ]i(?itiuu, who had been licensed as a e invert to tin: new and despised faith. lie did nut timl him. There were Christians every whore, oven in the imperial palace, and one ol them had Warned Aciippa of his danger Kut iii plue? ot a Clirtsttan, w hotjj he would have joyfully draped to prison, to !>.- eon>itrued in turn to tin: torture ami the wild beasts, ('etavaii itiuml a youn<r lady, whose heauty was accompanied with a sweetness' which alarmed the youim anu susceptible otlieer .\s in- knocX'-d lor admittance, she met liiui at tin- gate. His soldiers were scattered around the mansion to prevent ex- j Cape. Calm ami sweet, with an aii of purity ami of resignation, the ma i dec uki him: "^ on seek my father," she said. "Il? is not here." "J)o you know where he is?" asked the oflieur, gazing at Iter with an ad mi ration lie Cured nut to eon coal. "Il" I knew, would you a.-k a daughter to betray her lather 'Thai father is accused of being a iiieinber of an infamous and superstitious ?ect, which is endeavoring to undermine and destroy our ancient religion. ' ".My lather," said t laudia,"belongs to no 1 sect, and nothing infamous can attach ilsell : to the name of Agrippa." "Is not your father a Christian ? Does ' he not worship a man who was executed as a malefactor ?" "Again vou ask a daughter to betray her i father When you have found him, be 1 hull aiiHwrr for hitiiMclP. He is a man o ruth, and will not deceive you." Surprised at the mingled dignity air wectuess of the beautil'ul maiden, Octuviai fas forced to withdraw, bailled in his search >ut he could not forget her. She eaun .ke a vision, lie could see the flash of he ace, as she had defended her father; an* ic asked himself the question, which hi md not heon able to ask her, so awed hu< ic len by her presence: "Can she also b* me of th ?sc Christians whom \Ve have un lerlak.cn to exterminate oil tho luce of th aitli'{" ller image sank deeper and deeper int* lis heart, ller presence?her sphere, u nodcrn philosophers have termed it?he piritual being had impressed itself upoi lis memory and heart in inetfaeable cliarat era. A scnunus woman makes her iinprcs ion upon the sensual nature. An iutclle* ual one impresses the intellect; but a pur*, tigh, spiritual, loving woman goes home t he most sacred recess of the human heaii md when it is said that The Greeks and lb nuns know little of the love of scntiuicnl re must remember that the reason is, thy here were but few women iitted to inapir t. The persecution raged on. Octavian wa lot ko zealous as formerly; but the taunt if h s companions spurred him for war* )ne day one of his spicA br*mght him wor hut he ha*l found the entrance to one c ho s cret hiding-plates of the Christian: U'sing no time, lie took a file of soldier: md following his guide, came to the ct ranee of one of the catacombs. They d< iccuded'to the dark passages, th eir stej ightcd by torches. Octavian read the it criptions on the graves of the martyrs ? >ast eras ol persecution, lie heard musi the far distance, sounding as if it cam r'roui the bowels of the earth. Then cam he smoke ot incense. Following theguid aith stealthy steps, they eumc to a subte rnilean chapel crow?le?J with worshipper l liey were all upon their l^uees in a postui if adoration, while a white-haired old pries robed in flowing vestments, stood before a il ar, made of a martyr's tomb. The uYmeil men gathered in the dar space in the back of the chapel, lor the a tar Was lighted with tapers, arid lamps wci suspended from the ceiling. All was liushc to a proh uml silence for a few moment I hen the worshippers rose, and a womai tur in*: her head, saw the soldiers, and w? surprised into a shriek. The venerable priest turned from the u tar, and approached Oetavian. "Is it I for whom you search?" he aske "1 am re .dy. Lead oil." lint before Oetavian could give an ordi to his soldiers, another form stood befoi him. Claudia, in her white purity?t'lai La. in her more than mortal beauty, as seemed to Oetavian. threw herself betwci h;m and the aged priest, ami said : "I uin the mic lit! seeks. Look upon ill I am a Chiistian. Carry me to your judge bring me to the emperor. Y ou wilt net no proof?I avow it. 1 am a Christia t.eave the old ina'ti?leave these poor pe -le. You want a victim ? I will lblio y \erippa. her lath *r, took her gently I the a in. ;.nd sai i: N'.a mi. in\ eh;'. 1. What can he liai a^a.nst 'Iiy youili and innoe nee' it is lor wdii mi lie seeks. 1 his i> lie who soil a I lor ii.e at lionn'. Iiere I am, sir; vmi sh.i not lie a seeimd tint" disappointed." A las 1 lor (tet.iv ian I be spy who In brought h;m w;i> also a .?p\ ii| on him, m would ii l ! d to n.itiee o| a y laek In). i?t \ tn tin.1 ?-iii|?t* ami tin; laws. 'I I soldiers, tun, art .n: tin. 1>m* his orders. mi_d l"? | nit lit in. in- li.nl iiu li.i.Ui- b t<i arrest some Miu'. a Mi I Imw c uild he rclu those who ulltTfi! thciust Ives f With a put" which wa nt to his lieai Orta\iuu or<h re! the soldiers to arrest tl priest and A/' i; i .. " \\ ill \ ii lint ai rest iiir also?" asLed ('la 11:i. "Where are lev 1 tieia?" s?id sh huld;n_ up her little hands with a smile. " I a't Hu ll ate-Wet for their dee Is," ?a t let avian. "We need nut burthen ourselv with wmueti." "I en with ;nv lather and niv priest said the heroic f i 11. Who will hind iiic She kn w that it was to the prison, she n tilsed tu sari ilii-e o the "uds, k Wi o torture, or those more infamous and te rihle outl ines so much Worse than an tortures to the Christian m.ii>' a, and whit paean Keltic did llot hesitate to iuliit And there was death?she knew it we All knew it; and yet there ensued this 0 traordinary speetaele. Men, women, m even children, pressed forward, and sai " fake iiic also!" and held out their ham to the haibariaiis. Octavian drove them back, and ?rderc the soldiers to take the prisoners he h;i selected He < o'ud net hiudcr ('laud fioin piin<? by the side of her?f;?tljer. he could but have taken her and flownthere was no suclt possibility. lie wi compelled to lead oil <<? the prison, alid 1; had no power to resist, when the pcerie Claudia, holding the hand of her lathe said i<? the jailor: "I also am a Christiu ? look mo up with my father." Octavian, tilled wits, love, remorse an despair, went to the palace of tin expert ami made liis report, lie could not st;i the cornseof what Rome consideredjuntie, Flo know the course of the trial, for li hit Ik t ii a witness to many such. II knew the tortures that would he applied l that delicate woman, scarcely more than child, and lit; knew, also, ami shrank i agony from the far more horrible outrage tow! ieh she might be exposed The trial was over. The aged pries the father ot his beloved, and she who; image never leit him night or ay, woi mntenced "to the lions What a joy I Rome?('hrisfwiiit* 111/ leonea! The ol ry rang out once more ft in the form-ion Roman moh. The Christians to the lions Octavian resolved to make one effort I <ave them. lie thro*.'* himself upon hi knee 3 he fore the good emperor ?the ^it f emperor, and begged him to pardon these three Christians. J 'Three Christiana!" said the philosophic j Marcus Aurelius. "Why should wo toru give three Christians? Have they been c tried!" r ! "Yes, sir.** ] ' "Condemned ?" u 1 "Yes, sir." 1 1 "Then they must be punished. Who e ever hears of a Christian being pardoned? _ The religious tranquillity ot the empire u requires that the impious sect should be ! exterminated." B ' Xo more hope. The day came; the euiH peror went to the am phi theatre, and Oe,. tavian attended him. '1 be old priuat, sfand? ing in the midst of the arena, his hands' 1 spread out in prayer, was devoured Ly a k great Xuinidian lion. Agrippa, lather of .. ; Claudia, sunk under the spring ot a fcrocious tiger; and as his bones were heard to u crackle in his jaws, seventy thousand Itoiuuns [. sent up shouts of triumph and applause. , 1 llu even this blood-thirsty mob was hushed to silence, which gave place to a q murmur of admiration when CI: uclia, pale c . as a lily, but with a higher beauty than over, walked with a graceful dignity into s the arena. She gazed around a moment, ^ her eye pausing with a look ot teudjr pity | I on the group ot officers behind the emperor, d ?Then she looked up to lleavcti in which, ,f alone she trusted, and which uow seamed , ! open to receive her. J Two lions hounded forward from the two | sides ot the arena, liut they had not half.. way reached her, when an officer of the ,s ' imperial suite spratig into the arena, and cjuiek as lightning was ut her side. The )f i euiperior, who was not a eVucl man, made (j | a sign to rescue them. It was too late. lC liclbre the guards could gain the arena, c ! two more martyrs had moistened its sands le ; with their mingled blomi?two more souls r. ! had ascended to heaven. c liiNurauce. As there has been no time within our roil collection when it was of more importance for parties to scrutinize the character and k solidity ut the guarantees they hold of the |. i description named as the h.ndiog of this re I article, we take pleasure it' culling the at.,1 tentiou ol our numerous patrons and readis. | ers to one of the leading institutions of the i, ! country, * iz: The liotne Insurance CouilS | pauy, of New York, as peculiarly entitled I to their consideration and regard as being il- ! what it purports to he, an "Insurance Coui! pany;' tor with its large paid up capital [J. and accumulated surplus, together amounting to nearly one and a half million of dob sr lars all securely invested} its active and inre j tclligcnt Hoard of Directors, selected from u- i among the best business men of the counit | try; its widely extended and largely in>i, j creasing husiuess through its agents, care| fully appointed in all the urincipul e t.es e. and towns in the I nited States; its fairness s; 1 in adjusting and promptness in paying all J holiest losses, it stands second to none, and ii. pi est nts inducements to all who seek to he il. | protected against loss by that most destrucw < live element?Fire, and who, when they ] pay their premium, w Lib to know that they ,, have paid it lor /<<// protection, and thus i be tree from all care and anxiety as to , t. '."In-tliei, il they should be so unfortunate i as to lose their property by the ravages of |,t tire, they may rely upon indemnity without ,|| t|Uibhling or unnecessary delay. We learn . that in the competition now so rife in this ,,| I as well as in uiost other kinds of business, i,| and forming one ol the marked characterul' i-tiesul the age, many ol the weaker class ot companies, and those recently or;Anized, lit j are offering their policies at rates wiiicii net i;t 1 only the older and more prudent underwri urs. ItUv s:<g:udovs business men generally, j regard as inadequate and unsafe. '1 bis 1, must, we think, lead to the winding up of v numbers of this class; indeed this process J may he said to have coi nine need already by i4. I the explosion recently of some two or three , t wIioms soundness had been more than doubted, and whose reckless manner of i,] doing business iiad excited much coiuiucut t?d among the iiHUiancu fraternity. We regard i bis matter of insurance very uineh a.- we do the employment of a physician, t.r and in both cases would have only the best. U l... ... ...I I I"... - -i i ii-i nuum iim -i uiuiljeui ICMlte (JI t'lJIplOVll it?vr a doctor simply because he offered t j iS ?lI* nd his patients and administer his mer. dicincsat one half or two thirds the price y .-harmed l?y the old and well-tried p.;ysi>h cian, whose xperience is his reliable eapi t tal"' Surely no otie in his senses would || thus risk his life or health, or that ol his x- ; family, for the sake of the small saving by i,| which he might be tempted to employ i|: 1 such an empiric And so in regard to this Is matter of insurance. What we want is cert tin security, not that which is doubtful ,j or which may ch' se us a single thought |(| , or care in regard to its security in time of j.( need?such is not worthy the name of injp su ranee, and is hut little better than u more _ ! gaiiiblini; operation, both on the part of'ho minimal insurer and the party who accepts ! the policy; for if the former oilers his policy i at a rate below what experience has taught r ; can be remunerative, how can lie expect t| ' ultimately to meet his engagements; be is therefore playing a mere game of grab, I while the party who procures such on ac! count of the low price depends upon the un' certain hope that if h< sustains loss it wilj '-N be whih the im-Utvtiou is get able to pay?*' ' , a fallacious hope in many instances. ThereJ' fore we would say, if any attempt at insur' i mice is to be made I v paying premium and ' accepting a jailiey, let it be done in earnest, *' and let there be no doubt about it, by do" iinr business onlv with commutes wlm-hnro y | ?3 W ? ? ; known to be sound and well managed, even if they will not tempt us with the low rates ^ offered by novices and mere adventurers in ,e this business We find we have made a longer paragraph than we had intended, '? j hut tUic importance of this subject ofinsurancc, especially to the particulur class of 1S tho coinniunity among whom our paper 1 circulates, and more especially as we conto bid' r that the view we have here presented is has not had due. consideration generally, 'o must be our excuse ~;Y J" Pathfinder I The Zouav??N In Xew York. 1 The Zouaves from Chicago are making a sensation in New York. They gave u public exhibition al the Academy of Music "J on Thursday evening, which was attended ^ by a very large audience, composed prin P! cipally of ladies. The Tribune thus do- di scribes their exhibition : 84 The soldiers of the Twelfth, seated in a 4:1 section of the stockholdery reserved for tl them, were as much wrought upon by the ul mechanical effects of flic splendidly Zouave P1 ranks as the less intelligent observers. l' They frequently gave the cue for applause, n! ;.nd Were at leugth so surcharged with h generous admiration that they coulJ-get a' no relief but by three cheers and a tiger 01 for the corps. Distinguished military characters, in the private boxes and in the 01 wings of the stage, were equully moved. 84 Spontaneous comt ustion was the fate of any P individual. There was iio resisting the regular fall of feet npon the boards, the w unfaltering front bearing here and there aJ the sympathy of all the arms of all the h finger-erius th-jt controlled and operated ^ them, the certainty or" response to the a' most delicate call, the dash and ardor of c the young men, the pictures picncssvf their " every attitude, Uk* happy lightness of their carriage, the novulty of many ot their tactics, the confidence of their boyish captain. Several new wonders of discipline were reveuled?u sharp support of arms; a side ? step for syiumetricaJ position; a silent drill 4> of loading and firing at will, the looks click- 1 ing one click, and the butts rapping one ? rap ; a luck step in which, linked by ouch P other's arms, the corps moved like some fl novel snake, coiling and dragging in its ! a length. There were rare advances to the very footlights, and orderly dispersions 1 when ulashii^* seemed certain, attitudes ta ken so suddenly that the breath was held, ^ and brilliant exploits beyond the roach l oven of the simplest description. The ex- 8 deists wire divided into five parts, the in- 1 tervals of which were filled with music; F none of it, of course, was martially d is tine- r tive. Unusedtosueh coiiliuetneut, the actors v suffered greatly f'roiu the heat, and imbi- c bed copiously of the iced water provided a behind the scenes. Several were forced to ^ withdraw Irom service by inability to keep a tlieir feet upon the polislfrd floor. 1 The pruue movements were those that * most excited all the people. Several Jiud c not been seui belore. The livfflv turn-dow n j of the men, vulgarly designated the "be - s ly-movement," (although, truly, the word 8 ; was more used than either stomach or ab- ^ i dotiien in the period of Jonah and the origi- " ' nal I'rinco of Wales, and was deemed quite ? proper,) provoked hilarity. But the re- 11 spouse to thy orders to load and tire in hori- J autal position was, perhaps, the climax ot c the evening's wonder. Instantaneously the ; ! odies revolved und were face upward, and 1 thus disposed, with precisely as much una- e uiiuity as in the common manual of arms, * the Zouaves loaded their pieces. While ^ the spectator speculated whether they f would be discharged at the low level, auothef order brought the whole corps to their a feet, with all theadvuntage over the enemies ' oftur country with whom the imagination ,! c >uld easily people the rear of the stage, 0 these having shot clear over the outstretch- 1 ed persons ot the gay uiui-ketecrs. During c an entire intermission the men kef?t the 1 H ior, the postures ot all being unconstruiii- c j edly graceful. Did anybody contrast these ^ 1 incomparable soldiers with the melancholy c | creatures in uniform which the stage of- 1 iers as lair representatives of the trade ot ' I war, and revert to the sad marches and tor- c rible collisions of the immemorial our who 1 ! constitute the army of Richard? ,c Nor must we neglect to mention a very ' l quaint tactics that preceded these tactics 1 ' on the ground. Jt van in U??. lock .-X-p ! 1 i he men were involving without cou- 1 ! Jusion their respective feet, and as stated previously, the line resembled a | brilliant serpent. There eninc an order j to halt. The head and tail of the animal | cauie together. At another order it doubled up. This phenomenon was caused by the u:c.n suddenly sitiing down upon each otner s k lie is, preheating a very pretty . problem in the seienee of equilibrium, and a convenient theory tor summer pedestrians to put into practice. ( i ui h Kiu cationai. Institutions.?A j I sensible correspondent id" the New York ' Herald, writing from New 11 a,veil concern- ' i ing Yale College and its improvements, j says: _ ' The changes made in the order of exer- ; cisesat Yale at the last commencement have 1 I given a new character to college life. 4 i Looking back from the present, even no I farther than one year, the transition ' rectus as sudden as if civilization, by a ' colossal stride, had brought its down from ' the feudal times. Tito very thought of 1 being shocked out of one's dreams at such 1 unseasonable hours as was formerly the ' way we had at old Yale," makes one fancy ' those times of morning and evening prayers to be trudiiionary, "chapel rushes" sotueun- ' eieiit myth, and that the disgrace I ul con d..et connected with the old chapel services ! wore the sacrilegious rites of sonic far-off f barbarous age. Students now have break 1 1 l.ibt at t>.30 a. in., prayers at 7-30 a. m., re- 1 citation at H a. m. where lo.rmerly prayers were attended at 5.30 a. ut., recitation iiu- 1 j mediately alter, and breakfast at 7 a. m., ( and such appetites! Chapel exercises only ' ! one each day arc now what they should be. 1 i Zoi'AVF..?The word Zouave" is gen- | eruily and incorrectly pronounced as a word . of two syllabi*-*. Jt should ho spoken as if c ; written Zicarc, the a the Italian i sound as iu ' fan," The name is derived I from the Arabic- Zouaonoa, a confederacy f of the Kahyle tribe, who live on the mouii tains buck of A'gcrs The original f Zouave:, iu the French servico were composed of Arabs from the country near j A4gu?s , ' A thov-^-d dollar carriage, made thirty I n y< ttrs ago. at Middleh wn, tor General Jack-; s son o ride in, has ree< ntly been sold for ' 1 gixteen dollar? and a half I 2 -ui L. Issue In Iho I*re?ldeatinl Cam* palgn, The country is uow on the vorgtf' of the lost dangerous crisis in its history, oung, vigorous and prosperous beyond i ral I el in the world's h story, daily ex pairing its populat on arid multiplying its r?turces, the republic*, to tho external observ. r, presents u most magnificent example to it benelit&-of her itiMitutions, cherished nd support* d by a happy, industrious, itriotic uu?l united people. But beneath lis lair outside there lucks & hidden duller which threatens, before many years uve passed away, to overthrow the fabric, id bury in its ruins the liberties so dearly irncd w ith the blood Of oqr ancestors. It w< uld be idle to deny tliat in the prc?tit position of our political affairs the disdutioii of tho confederacy is more than robablc. The eoui.try is on the eve -of lat greatstruggle?that sectional conflict? hich was initiated by the olddashioncd bolitioniats twenty-five years ago, and the rat fruits of which were predicted by Mr. lalhouii immediately before he died. That ccoinplishcd and far seeing statesman delarcd that the unti-slavcry agitation, , rhieh had already divided the Baptist, tho Icthodist and Presbyterian churches, would n due course of time break up ull the potical parties of the day. And wo find liat this question did divide and ruin the Id whig parly, that it killed the Kyow Cothing or American organi?utiou, &ud liat nov. it has given the death blow to the nee powerful and well drilled democratic arty. The democratic party has ceased j exist. There arc now two great sectionI partisan organizations in the Unite! States?the one a Southern party, supportng Mr. Breckinridge, and the other the Northern abolition faction, represented by Ir. Lincoln. Those arc the only vital lUXties and real nominations for thi? m?i iteration of* the masses. The other non>nations for the Presidency are n?ereiy lersonal,' and Lave no weight. Breckin* idge and LincolTt will have the electoral . otcsj the other candidates will eojoy the inpty honor of running for the Presidency nd being beaten. The line has been drawn letween the two sections of the country, nd tho struggle for political supremacy on he part of the North, and political equaliy oil the part of the South, has i 1 ready omineneed. That is the real state of the casa as It tunds.?And now it remains for the conervotivc men of the Middle and Western states to say what course shall be taken td vert the danger that threatens the country, 'he question is a most iinportsut ouo. H s far above any party considerations. The matter has gone so far that the polititians have no longer any coutrol over it. It such a time every uiau should consult ntercsts which are above personal prcfernces and party ties. We need not paint he horrors which would result from the lissolution of the Union. We need not toint to the inevitable money panio, the ireaking down of the commercial, mining nd manufacturing interests of the Union. Vll this suggests itself to the mind ofBevery nan who Ins anything at stake in the ountry. Wo may, however, suggest that he only way by which the peace of the ountiy can he preserved is by uniting all ho opposition against Lincoln upon one andidute?the one who alone is sure of thg loutheru States. If Ahc conservative men >f tho North can bo aroused to a sense of heir danger, so as to combine for Mr. Jreekjnridgo, then Lincoln may be defeatd; but. on the other hand, if the black epublicau candidate should be elected, we :an expect iiOiiiiiig but renewed and more titter agitation, ending finally in the dis'upturn-of tin! confederacy and consequent lowul'ull ot the republic. Men and brehren, ponder upon these things??_\7 Y, Ut raid. The Man in the Sun.?' Tho ina^ u the moon" is no stranger, but the uiue u the sun is a pegsouuge with which we ire loss familiar. The Gentlemen's Magazine, London, for I one, 1815, announces, under tho head of 'foreign occurrences," that "the newspapers, both in America and England, Lave noticed the remarkable circumstance of &u ,'xtinordinary phenomenon in the sun I he following is an authentic and correct aectunt, lor the truth of which Capt. Hayes, of his majesty's 'M?ijr*tiv' and the whole of his officers and ship's coinpsny may be appealed to : On the morning of :be 27th August, 1813, the Maientic, biting then nil' Hosion, the men on board observed, ilt the rising of the sun, the ootuplete figure of a man in the centre of that luminary, with a tt.ig divided by three lines n his hand, lie was first on his back, but as day advanced, lie gradually assumed in erect position, and at midday he stood iprigiit; towards evening he as gradually ieclined, descending with his fcag head lore most. "On the 28th it retained the same outline, bnt had become a skeleton. On the 20th the figure was disjointed, und its parts gradually assumed the appearance of fix separate flags, united in a circle by an apparent cord or line. After this nothing uoro was ooserveu in the sans disc but i few small sputa. The * American papers lotiee only the extraordinary appearance ?t' the sun on the above mentioned days. 9 I'erhaps the observers on the continent ivere not in a position to eatcli the prec'so ippeamuce which the particles *a tttatter presented to the ship's?company of tho Majestic. There could he liooptical delusion >11 the occasion, us the phenomenon waa tbsorved by so nmny different eyes, and or so long a tiuw. The Hint figure was teen during tlic whole of the 27th, theskelo011 on the whole of the 28th, and the h^gs during a grwii part of the 29xh.v It is said, on the authority oi official staisties, that there arc at present in Europe 18,149 aeton*, 21,609 actresses, 1733 manigers ot theatres; and the number of perons attached, in one way or another, to 1 n?ntic establic]?moote, amount# *> 82,!46