The Carolina Spartan. (Spartanburg, S.C.) 1852-1896, February 05, 1857, Image 2
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THE CAROLINA SPARTAN.
by cavis &trimmier. Dfltruleir to Southern ttigljts, politics, !3lgricnltui% jnutr iiTiscellnmj. ?2 per annum.
VOL. XlilT ~~~ SPARTANBURG, S. ., THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 1857. 1*050,
JLUtt UAnULlflA SJTAKTAN. I
by cavisTtrimmikr. !
T- 0. P. VERNON, Associate Editor. t
Price Two Dollars per annum in adrnuco, or .
* $2.5U at the end of the year. If not paid until
tutor the year expires $3.00. I
Payment will bo considered in advnuoe if made t
within three months. r
No subscription taken for less than six months. j
Money may be remitted throngh postmasters at
our risk. J
Advertisements inserted nt the usual rates, and ?'
contracts made on reasonable terms. t
The SrARTAN circulates largely over this and
adjoiuing districts, and offers nn admirable medium
to our friends to reach customers.
Job work of all kinds promptly executed. ti
ltlnnks, Law nnd Equity, continually on hand a
or printed to order. r.
CAROLINA SPARTAN.
THE DRAINAGE BILL. "
The following net to promote tlio im- j
provement of swamp lands was passed at 0i
tho lato session of our Legislature, and is c<
now iu full force: P'
An Act to promote tho draining and im
provement of Inland Swauips.
I. Be it enacted by Iho Senate and House ja
of Representatives, now met and silting in fr
General Assembly, and by the authority of -p
the same, That whenever two-thirds or a]
more of the proprietors of the lands lying jI;
in any inland swamp, owning not less than
two-thirds of such swamp, shall associate a
themselves together by written articles of p,
agreement, for tho purpose of draining and ;i,
improving tho same, (to bo filed and re- Q|
corded in tho Clerk's office of the district w
in which the &aid land or the larger portion
thereof may lie,) they shall thoroupon
become and bo a body corporate for the P1
purpose aforesaid, by tho name of tho pro- Sl
prietors of said swamp, designated by the r
name by which it is commonly called aud
known, and shall have power and aulhori- "
ty to make and ordain by-laws for the rogulation
and government of such corporation, 'j
not inconsistent with any law or statute of
force within this State, and to make such ?
assessments of money and labor on tho
members of the corporation as may be re- a
quisite for carrving into effect the objects j"(
UJereof. a
II. That it shall be lawful for every such
corporation, by its agents, surveyors, engi- 0)
ncers and assistants, to enter upon any vj
lands and premisos lying in or near the
swamp, for tho draining and improvement
wheroof such corporation shall have been
formed, and owned by persons not being j
members of such corporation, for tho pur- 1 '
pose of inspecting, examining, and survey* ?
ing tho same; and if it shall appear, by the "r
report of a competent engineer, to be no- 'V
cossary for the draining and improvement of * '
such swamp, that any canal, water way, ditch,
drain, dam, embankment, sluice, flood-gate ^
or other work, should he made or construct- j
od iu, through or upon any lands of any |t)
pcraou not a member of the corporation,
and no agreement can be made for obtain- j
iog the consent of tlio owner of said land ^
thereto, thou such corporation may apply,
by petition to the Court of General Sessions gj
and Common Pleas of the district in which ^
such land is situated, (and if it lies iu seve- r&
ral districts, to the court of either of said
districts,) setting forth the facts of the case,
and praying that Commissioners may be ap- ju]
pointed by the Court, to ascertain and assess j,^
the value of the land which would be oc- ^
cupied by such works, and also the amount
of loss or damage which the making or con- j
struetiou thereof would cause to the owner j'o,
of tho land; a copy of which petition, to- '
gether with a copy of the engineer's report |(>.
upon which il is founded, and uotice in writing
of tho time aud place at which the
same will be brought to a hearing, shall ^0|
l>e served upon tbe owner of the land at ^
least ten days before such heating. And
upon the hearing of such petition, unlesa it hU
be denied by aflidavit that it is necessnry jfor
the draining and improvement of such
swamps to make or construct any such
works as aforesaid, through or upon tho ari
land owned by any person not a member of !
the corporation, and aflirmed in the same 11,1
manner that such swamp can be as well ac
and effectually drained and improved without
encroaching upon any such land, the 0
Court shall appoint three competent and dis- *
interested persons to bo Commissioners for
me purposes aforesaid. And the persons so
appointed, having lirst been duly sworn to ?
execute and perform the dutios assigned
them as such Commissioners, truly and im? W.J
partially, and to tho best of their judgment ?
and ability, shall proceed to inspect and wr
examine the proinisos, giving at least three
days' previous uotice of such inspection
and examination to the parties interested. ?
and niter such inspection and examination or.
to make the valuation aforesaid, and return .M
the same in writing under their hands to ^>c
tho Court. But in case of such denial and Hju
affirmation as aforesaid, the issuo so made ''
shall be submitted in a summsrv manner a
to a jury, and upon tlio finding of the 111
jury, if the same shall be for the poti*
tiouers, Commissioners shall bo appointed Cljl
and proceed as boforo directod; but if the
jury find for the respondents or defendants,
no appointment of Commissioners shall bo
made: Provided, That either party may ^
more for a now trial; but not more than L
ono new trial shall bo allowed in any case ,
on the same issue. Either party may apr i ;
peal from tho valuation and assessment 1 P'
made by tho Commissioners to the Court *ve
at its next soasion after such valuation and ron
assessment, giving reasonable notice of such \ l??
appeal to tho other party; whereupon the ^Jr"
Court shall cause a new valuation and as 8a'(
acssmont to he made by a jury, and their a P
verdict shall bo final and conclusive, unless ^e
a new trial be gran tod: Provided, That not
more than ono new trial shall be allowed in 1
any such case of valuation and assessment, a i
I'pon tho final determination of such valua- star
tion and assessment, eithor by tho return of! No
the Commissiouera not appealed from, or lha
in case of appeal by the finding of a jury nox
not appealed from, or upon a second finding poc
?
tfler n now trial is granted, and upou payment
of tho Amount of sucli valuation and
tssossmont to tbo party entitled to receive
,ho same, or upon tender and refusal tliero>f
and payment of the same into Couit, it
ihall bo lawful for the corporation, at all
imes thereafter, by its officers and agents,
o enter upon tho land to which such valuaion
and assessment had reference, for the
turpose of making and constructiug, mainaining
and keeping in repair, any such
rork a9 aforesaid. In all cases of appoal
ull costs shall bo awarded, and the collccion
thereof enforced as in casos of trespass
n tho case.
III. That if any person owning land in or
ear any inland swamp, for the drainiug
nd improvement whereof any such corpoation
shall have been formed, not being a
lorabor of the same, or any tenant or ageut
f such person, shall, for tho purpose of
raining, flowing, or in any manner using,
cnofiling or drawing profit from such land,
take use of any canal, water-way, ditch,
rain, dam, embankment, sluice, flood gate,
r otlie" work made or constructed by such
jrporatiou, without the consent of the cororation,
such owner or tenant shall be liable
> pay to the corporation such reasonable rent
torcforas they may dotnand, not exceeding
ite-third of the clear annual value of the
>nd, including any addition thereto derived
otu tho use of any such work as aforesaid,
hut if the owner of the land, in or near
ty inland swamp, for the drainiug and
nprovetneut whereof any such corporation
tall have been formed, desires to become
mouther of such corporation, instead ot
nying rent as above provided, he shall he
I liberty to do so by paying his proportion
r the expenses incurred by the company,
ith interest on tho same.
IV. That all the lands drained and itnruved
by any corporation formed as nforctid,
and owned by members of such corpoition,
shall be liable for the debts of
te corporation; and if tho land of any
lentber of any such corporation shall be
iken in execution and sold to satisfy any
idgmeut or deciee against the corporation,
to person whose laud shall have been so
ikon in execution and sold shall bo cntied
to receive, as compensation therefor, by
>ntribulion from the other members of the
>rporation, iho value thereof, and shall
sve the benefit of tho lien of such jud^icnt
or decree for enforcing the payment
icrcof; for which purpose such judgment
decree sbnli remain in full lorco and
rtuo.
V. That any person having a legal or
juitabio estate, in fee or for lile, in land
ing in any inland swamp, or in land
irougb or upon which it may bo necessary
make or construct any work for draining
improving any such swamp, (except
ere trustees without beneficial interest,)
all be deemed a proprietor or owner of
ich land for the purposes of this act; and
every case in which any such person
mil be an infant, married woman, idiot or 1
untie, tho guardfc?n of such infant, the j
ishnnd of such married woman, and the j
unmilteo of such idiot or lunatic, shall bo j
!emed a proprietor or owner of such land ;
r tho purposes of this act: J*rovided%
>at such guardian, husband or committee,
all apply in a summary way, by petition,
the Court of Chancery, in behalf of their
spectivo infants, wives, idiots or lunatics,
r leave to becomo members of any cornation
formed under this act for draining
iu improving tlio swamp in which Iho
nd of such infants, wives, idiots and limny?,
are situated, in respect of such lands,
id iho said Court shall have power to inliro
iuto tlio propriety of granting such
??e, and to make such order therein as
ay seem meet; and if the Court shall grant
ive, it shall bo lawful for the person who
all liavo presented the petition to become
party to tho articles of association for
rming such corporation in respect of such
ud, and the same shall be as binding and
eclual to all intents and purposes as if
cli person had been tho actual proprietor
such laud.
VI. That every swamp, except such as j
o commonly called river swamps, or river
Horns, or liver margins, shall be deemed
inland swamp for the purposes of this
t.
VII. That every corporation formod tin - !
r tho provisions of this act shall have I
chairman and a secretary, and shall j
ep regular miuutcs of its proceedings.
VIII. That whenever two-thirds or more
the proprietors of tho swamp or bottom
ids lying on any river, creek, or other
itercourso, owning not less than two-third*
all such swamp or bottom, shall enter into |
itlon articles of agreement that such
amp or bottom shall be deemed and tan
to bo an inland swamp, and be subject
tho provisions of this net, such swamp
bottom shall thereupon be doomed and
ceil to ho ?n liilnn.l ~ ? ? 1
? ? W .... M.IKI1U o??lU|', nliu UO SUl)- !
t to all the provisions of thin act, in the
Be manner as other inland swamps, and
5 ownors thereof shall be invosted with i
the rights, powers, and privileges hore I
leforo givon to tho owners of inland
amps, and shall bo subject to tho same
idilions and obligations.
iX. That where said inland swamp is
ned to the amount of two-thirds by one 1
lividual, ho or she shall possess nil the
hts and powers conferred by this act ou
! corporation aforesaid.
Soi tmkkn Quarterly Review.?This ;
Plication, from its commencement in
w Orleans, by Mr. Whitaker, until its
ioyrI from Charleston, a period of tliirn
years, or twenty-six volumes complete,'
nly and neatly half bound, is offered for
3 at the original subscription price. To
nblio or privato library the work would
valuable.
Tiie Wrong Noose.?Ichabod Criggs, ,
wber, industrious man, in easy circumices,
hung himself near Danville, Va. |
cause is known for the rash act, except | j
t he was to have been married on the ;
t day. The license was found in his
kct. <
DEATH OF HUGH MILLER,
OF KDINBUUOH, SCOTLAND.
Iu common with thousands in this country,
wo arc shocked at the sudden announcement
of tho death, under distressing circumstances,
of this eminent man. It scorns
hut yostorday that he received us in his
own house, conducted us through tho musoum
whicii cost him so much labor to collect,
and iu tho imaginary defence of which
he seems to have perished by his own hand.
Wo respond to the remarks of the Scottish
Guardiau :
"The nnnouncoment of tho death of Hugh
Miller will he heard with a thrill of genuine
sorrow throughout the Church in which
ho was a standard-bearer? throughout Scotland,
of which he was ouo of the most conspicuous
ornaments?throughout tho world
of science, which associates his honored
natno with those of the men most distinguished
in our day, as fellow-workers in
building up the stately fabric of the modern
geology." The intelligence was communicated
to tho public in the following terms
from the ollko of the paper of which he was
editor:
Witness Office, Dec. 24.
"SUDDEN DEATH OF MR. IIUOI1 MI I.I.Kit.
"It is our melancholy duty to announce
this sad event. Mr. Miller had been ill for
somo time?working bard and late at nigbt,
in completing bis new work on Geology,
lie had become, in conscqricuce, subject to
aggravated attacks of night mare, which
partook of tho nature of somnambulism.
Some time ago attempts had been
made to break into his museum; and he,
in consequence, had always slept with a
loaded revolver on tho table by his side.
Yesterday, on account of headache and un
refreshing sleep, he had seen his medical
advisors, who had warned him of overwork,
and prescribed suitably. Last night, according
to their request, he had taken a warm
sponge bath, and retired early to rost.
After having slept some considerable lime,
he had apparently awaked in a fit of nightTliara.
anil Inktinr nn iIia l.-.l >
, , B ?|/ tuv |)iaiui, 11.Ill IVHVIi*
ed the bed-room door, as far as the bath,
which had been left, afior use, in the adjoining
apartment. There the pistol had
exploded, the bullet passing through the
chest, and death must have been instantaneous.
The sound not having beeu heard
at this hour of the night by any of the
household, .Mr. Miller's body was not discovered
till this morning. Under existing
circumstances, we cannot at present dwell
further on this sad calamity."
To the above distressing particulars the
Scotsman adds the following remarks:
"However sadly this narrative may touch
| Mr. Miller's immediate friends, it will be to
j ciietn less startling than to others tinware
of his peculiar temperament, and of his rej
cent state of health as a sir tie re r from nervous
depression and irritation. Mr. Miller
< has fallen a victim to overwork of the brain
j ?the peculiar malady of these days, and of
i men of his class. Such, wo know, was and
I had long been his own conviction. Years
' ago, and again within these two or three
days, he was pleasid, in the goodness of his
heart, to warn the writer of these few has
tv ami halting words against what he
thought dangers of that class, pointing to
his own caso as an example deterring from
continuous cHorta and anxielios. in this
respect, however, Mr. Miller suffered, we
suspect, from a somewhat peculiar tomperameut?he
did not work easy, hut with
laborious special preparation, and then with
throes that tortured him duiing the process.
ana Jolt trim exhausted afterward. In saying
this, however, we speak only of the
more recent years; and it is at least six or
seven years since we heard him complain
that hard work had left him only 'half a
man,' and that he could do only half work
with double toil.
"Although apparently a man of physical
as well as moral courage, he had a curious
tendency to keep fire arms about his house i
and person. When he lived at Sylvan
Place, to the south of the Meadows, he was .
accustomed, when going home after night- j
fall, to carry a loaded pistol, and, from
some allusions in his work, 'First Impressions
of England,' it appears that he follow- ,
ed tho same practice when travelling, or at
least when on his pedestrian excursion8.
One of his very oldest friends, ordinarily
residing in a distant part of the country, jocularly
surprised him one night two or three
years ago in a well-frequented Edinburgh
street, and was amazed by his suddenly i
turning ronnd and presenting a pistol. We
believe that tho habit was acquired bv Mr.
Miller when he was accountant in a bank
at Cromarty, and employed occasionally to
carry spocio to tho other branches. To
that habit wo have apparently in great
part to ascribe tho event we to-day deplore, 1
and which a largo proportion of tho Scot
lish people wrii hear with startling and
g'iof." .... . :
Tho principal incidents of Mr. Miller's life
have t.fftn m?il? ' - 1-- -
- ...luiim IU IIIU |IUUIIC 111 {
his delightful autobiographical volumo, "My
Schools and School-masters." His first literary
productions appeared iti the columns i
of the Inverness Courier, when Mr. Miller
was woikiug as a journeyman mason in
Cromarty; and the accomplished editor of
that journal, Mr. Carrutliors, has toUl us, as
illustrating his homely habits at that time,
and which never altogether forsook him
when he was placed in a more elevated
social position, that he was accustomed to
walk up to Inverness with his communications
on the Saturday afternoons, always
wearing his mason's leathern apron, llis
collected papers, written hotween the year1820
and 1832, "in ieisnro hours snatched ,
from a laborious employment, or duiitig
the storms of winter, when the worker 111
the open air has to seek shelter at home,"
appealed in 183 t, under the title of "Scenes
and Legends of tho North of Scotland, or
the Traditional History of Cromarty," and
ovinced powers of descriptive wilting of a
very high order. At nn early poriod in tho
non-intruaion controversy, which resulted
in (lie disruption of the Church of Scotland,
Mr. Miller published a letter addressed to
Lord Hrougham. defending th8 proceedings
jf tho reforming party in tho Church, in a
style of earnest and dignified remonstranc
and with a cogency of reasoning and a ton
and facility of expression which al on<
pointed liiiu out to the leading men in tli
Church as eminently qualified to promol
tho popular cause. Tlie rasult was the e
tablishmcnt of llio Witness newspaper, an
tho appointment of Mr. Miller as its cdito
Our readers will remember the zeal an
energy with which Mr. Miller devoted liin
self to the defence of the church's spiritui
liberties. Even beyond the imtncdinl
sphere of tho contest, his vigorous, lireb
and trenchant articles were universally rea
| and admired, as specimens of powerful coi
, trovorsial writing. Beyond all comparisoi
| out of tho Church Cour.s, Hugh Miller w?
tho most popular champion the church poi
I sessud. At the time of her triumphant ex<
' dus, when her ministers and members a?
seiublcd in Canonmills Hall i?; the full flus
of victory and froodom, tho appearance c
none of her defenders, amidst that vast an
animated throng--where Chalmers an
Welsh, Gordon and Cunningham, an
Caudlish stood conspicuous?elicited plat
Oils louder and longer thau when ling
Miller was seen lifting his stalwart fori
and noble head amongst the people.
To Mr. Miller's versatile talents, and tli
varied contributions of his pen to crilicisii
art, philosophy, and science, is applicnbh
also, more than to any other writer of tli
day, tho panegyric pronouncod upon Gob
smith, that there was no branch of know
edge which ho did not touch, and whic
touching he did not adorn. His most pre
found work, the "Footprints of the Crcato
or the Asterolopis of Strotnness," is a coi
tributiou to natural theology of ineetiinabl
importance. It lias bee i adopted as a tex
hook by somo of the in* st eminent teacbei
of geology in tho Universities; and it lu
dono more to expose the atheistical fallach
and sophistries of the " Vestige* of thoXati
ral History of Creation" llmt oven the oh
I KapuI/s A?c*i?*a -* ' ^ *
vvi iikw \ ?<> i c ui ' -v'vj11, iv ilUU I WSlCT*
| Alsir }*brlr (Jbstrvcr.
Christ no Writer.
Odo of the most remarkable facts in tli
history <>( Ohri-t is, that he left no writing
behind him, and the only record there is c
his writing anything is in tho caso wher
"lie stooped down and with his finger wrot
upon the ground." What ho wroto the
and there no one. know.-; though porhap
the most plausible conj<>cturo is that h
| wroto the answer to tho question, whollic
| the woman taken in the act of adulter
( should he stoned! "ile that is without sii
I among you, let him r.i-t a stone at her.
i Hearer, did this strange fact ever occur t
you, that the greatest reformer that eve
lived?professedly the divine teacher sen
of God to iweal his tiuth to the world?
whose teachings have survived the wreel
of ages, and now c >mi.iand tho credence
the respect and the m >-t profound ndmira
ti onof tho enlightened world, and who i
claimed as tho "author and finisher" of
great system of faith and practice, has lei
behind him no sentence of his writing, am
those unknown characters written with hi
finger in the sand constitute the sum tola
of all his writings of vvh eh there is any ac
count?
Is there, or has therecvor been, since tin
j invention of letters, oreven rude hieroglyph
i ics, any -tieli thing as a system of religion
j w hose founder did not take special pains U
; reduce his teachings to writing, and tint
J give them the most exact and permanen
, tor m?
! The Brahmins have their Vedas, thoi
1 Potiranas, ti.- .r Kauiayai. and their law
! and institute.- nf Menu, and these are al
written and [-reserved with tbc utmost cure
The Cbiue.-c have their books of Fohi, tliei
founder, as opened ar; 1 expounded by tliei
great Confucius. The Persians have thcii
Zendevcsln, attributed to their leader, Zoro
abler, containing the doctrine and laws o
their religion. I ho Jews had their secret
books; and .More an . the prophets, and 1 )a
vid, and Solomon, just their teachings it
writing, that they might ho preserved.
Plato and 1'yth ig >r.is, and Ciecero am.
Demosthenes, \M,_.ti much. Mahornel
wrote tin Koian, ami gave it to the failhfu
as their guide. The writings of Sweden
borg are voluminous; and in our day, over
the Mormon impostor wrote his book o
Mormon, lust here coincs one who claim!
precedence even t<> Moses and Abraham
and especially claims that a greater than
Solomon i-, in In-, own person, and an
nouncing him-tlfas a herald of a now dis
pensution from Cod. which is to ca->t Mo
ses and the j-rophcts in the shade, and pro
vail over all other systems, and subdue our
entire race, and yet his great teacher wrote
never a word, save only the characters in
the sand, which the next breath of wind
ini.rl* UM ' '
? ?inu van iict't'uiu lor
this sttang. proceJu ef Will it comport at
all with the idea that ho was an impostor?
1 >id ever an impost r pursue a couiso like
this? \ever. And it >eonis to us that in the
single fact to which v o have alluded, there is
the impress of truth, and prooflh.it his ini*
sioti is all divine, ilo stands out heforo us
as onewho knows that his mission is from
(?od, and that it can stand upon its own nier
its. >o confident is ho of its power, that he is
content to breathe it out upon < lod's air,
and leave it to live hv its own inherent and
self perpetuating immortality, or live not at
all. And ho goes about doing good,
now teaching in the synagogue and temple,
now talking to hi* disciples as he sits on
Olivet ?>r l>y the ecu of tialilco, and now
dropping a word as he walks by the way.
And there is not manifested the slightest
apprehension that what he says will he lost.
He writes it not oil stone or parchment.
Nav, ho writes it not at all. Uo seeks only
to give it a lodgment in the hearts of
the few disciples that followed him?to
make them comprehend it, and feel its power,
and love it; and is willing to leave it
there to produce its fruits, and to he written
by the hand of alVection, if it should be
written at all. And on those hearts he did
impress himself; and they, for the love they
bore him, wrote the meagre sketch wo have
of his life and teachings.
{ !{n\ J. D, Wifliamnon.
o, Charlotte and her Kecollections.
:e Reside* tho honor of being tho seat ?
:o tho Convention in 1776, that issued ill
10 first Declaration of Independence, Charlott*
in Mecklenburg, North Carolina, has claim
9." upon posterity, both singular and meritor
ous. Tho centre of a fertile and populuu
r" country, sho was doomed to see the bloo
of her sou? shed and tho Declaration <
Independence of all foreign dominion mail
tained at the point of the British bayone
Cornwnllia called Charlotte the "hornet
nest," and unwilling to pay for supplit
with so much English blood, after the fatr
1 battle at King's Mountain became know
to liitn, bis lordship determined to leuv
19 this vexatious post. To prevent annoyuuo
s" bo chose to depart suddenly, and in th
>- night. Mr. McCalfery, a man of wealt
1 and standing, a Scotchman, and resident i
J, Charlotte, was chosen as their guide to lea
. them by tho upper and nearest route t
' South Carolina. After so bewildering tli
H nrmy in the swamps, that much of tliei
' baggage was lost, ho contrived to esca|?r
1 and leave tho army to find their way b
1 tho roturning light of day.
" Colonel Thomas Polk, so favorably mot
lioned in the history of the Declaration
c owned property in and around Chnr)ott<
llis mill was between two and three mile
^ south of the village, ami is now called Hit
0 sell's. His body lies interred in the gra\
* yard of tho village. Over bis grave an
' that of bis wife Susannah, bis son Williat
1 Polk, lato of Raleigh, erected a matbl
'* slab, a memorial of his resting place.
r* The Polk family came early to Mecklen
1 burg, and in the time of the liovolutio
0 were numerous, and some of them ver
1 wealthy. They resided, part of them, i
h tho bouuds of Sugar Crock congregation
19 and part of them in Providence. Atuouj
!S thorn was E/ekiel Polk, tho grandfather o
t James K. Polk, President of tho Unite*
* I States. The descendants have alt emigruj
| cd from the country, mostly to Tennessee
t or StiUca further Sfouth.
Garden, in his anecdotes of the Aiueri
' cau Revolution, says: "Nor were tiic ladie
c ' in Mocklenburg in any degree inferior ii
;? 1 enthusiasm to the male pu]>ultiun. I tin<
>f, in the South Carolina and American Geti
e j era! Gazelle, from the '2d to the i)tk of Fc
e ' bruary, the following paragraph:
n ; "Tho young ladies of the best families c
s j Mecklenburg coun?y, North Carolina, hav
e j entered iuto a voluntary association, tha
r | they will not leceive the addresses of an
j young gentleman at that place, except th
i bravo volunteers who served iu the expodi
lion to South Carolina, and assisted in f-ul
0 duing the Scovalite insurgents. The ladie
r i being of opinion that such persons as st.v
it loitering at home, when the important call
- ! of the country demand their services abroad
k | must certainly Lo destitute of tbat noble
ness of sentiiucnt, that brave, maniv spiiit
1 which would qualify them lo be the defen
t> ders and guardians of the fair sex.'1
a "The ladies of the adjoining county o
i Kowan have desired the plan of a simile
1 association to Lo drawn up and prepared fo
s signatures."?Sketches of Xorth Carolina
The Kiymoi.oov ok a Lady.?The state
merit of Col. Ronton, that the word "lady'
j is nowhere used in the Scriptures, is, so fai
. as the original is concerned, literally true
The word itsell is of comparatively modori
> invention, and there is no word in the oii
s ginal of the Scriptures that has any signiti
t cation corresponding with that of the won
"lady," as at present received. In view ol
r tho subject, the following 'clip* is from at
? old Scotch publication called" 1 lie Christiar
I Teacher:"
"A LaijV.?The word lady is an abbro
r . viation of the Saxon /.ajf'Jay, which sigui
r ties li ready ii'cr. Tho mistress of a manor
r j at a time when ntlluent families residei
constantly at their country mansions, wai
f accustomed oiico a week, or oftencr, to dis
I tribute among the poor a certain quantity
of bread. She bestowed the boon with hei
, own hand, and made the hearts of the need)
glad by the soft words and the penile am
I j onilies which accompanied her benevolence
, | The widow and the orphan 'rose up, ami
i 1 called hor blessed'?the destitute and iIk
I nlHicted recounted her praises?all cla-^e*
, of the poor embalmed her in their alloc
pi tions as tho I.nffday?tho giver of bread
. ami dispenser of comfort?a sort < f minis'
| teritip angel in a world of sorrow. Who is
' a lady now? Is it sho who spends hoi
J days in self indulgence, and her nights in
. j tho dissipation of folly? Is it she who ri
vals the gayely of the bu'.teitlv, but bates
tlio industrious bum of ibo 'busy beef' Ii
, , it she who wastes, on candy finery, what
, would make many a widow's heart sing for
joy, and who, w hen tho raps of the orphan
(1 utter before her in the wind, >ighs for a
place of refuge, as if tho pestilence were in
the breeze? Tins may be 'a woman ot
fashion'?she may Ikj an admired and :m
admiring follower of the gay world."
Tiik I'rf.ss in Losuon and in Nuw
Yokk.?Three notions for libel have recent
' ly been tried in London, and in each case
the defendants have been acquitted. Had
tho cases been tried in New York, each of
tho defendants would have been convicted.
>> o nnve noticci! repeatedly tliHt Knglish
juries are the staunch and unflinching
friends of the Press, and that il is very di
ficult in any part of (front Pritain to ^et a
verdict against an editor, while here an
' editor can scarcely escape, and juries intra!
riablv hold "that everything which i* not
complimentary t?> a man is libellous.'' This
proceeds somew hat from the careless manner
in which many of our editors make their
statements and assail personal character, and
also from the manner in which they hahitu
ally abus? each other, So long as editors
accuse each other of motives and conduct
! that would disgrace the inmates if the
' State prison, tliev shoul I not complain of
the community esteem them according to
their ow n rej?ort.?Porter's Spirit of the
Times.
i A bill lias pa^od the Wisconsin Logi*
j iatiiro excluding negroes, in u! at toes, liulii
ans and black persons from boing witnesses
I in that State.
] Cubs, and Annexation.
>f Wo perccivo that tlio subject of tho ane
nexation of Cuba is reviving with renewed
i, force in tbo minds of the people. Filibuss
tering, or ralbor stealing, the "gein of the
i- Antilles" is given up, we are happy to say,
is and tho "sober secoud thought" of the
d "solid people" i?, that if wo have Cuba at
>f all, it must be by fair and honest means; in
> other words, having a national treasury
t. full to repletion, and Spain being bankrupt,
? wo must take advantage of her necessities,
s plank down tho cash and own Cuba. We
d see no objection to this course; it will satisn
fy honest people at home and abroad; and
e >?s it is now admitted that Kansas will come
in as a free State, it is quite likely that the
e Southern politicians will favor a peaceablo
h nc position of Cuba, as an offset, and Mr.
n Buchanan's wishes, expressed before bo was
J President elect, of securing both these ado
vantages to the Union, will probably ho re
e aliased under his administration. The unir
versal desire in tlie North to have the sugar
tariff repealed will probably be gratified
y hv tho absorption of Cuba, so that we shall
have cheaper sugars, without any violent
i- change, and tho Louisiana planters will
t most likely transfer their interests to Cubn.
*. and thus will be quietly and peaceably up
s propriated by tlio United States tho great
?- monopolies of sugar, cotton and tobacco, all
e | relying upon slave labor for their support,
d and rendering the institution permanent,
n beyond control?for so long as these greato
e?t staples of human wants are in demand,
so long will tho slave he profitable, and so
' long will those interested in his fortunes
n have influence in our national councils to
v protect and maintain the relation of slave
" j and master. Tho annexation of Cuba seems
' i to I o demanded mutually bv tlie people of
IT | the North and South. To the first named,
I ' because it will give us a necessary of life
M\ I ..i - .? - ??
, ?o mo aecoinJ, because il will
- | strong then its political influence, and act for
i a lime at least as an offset to the rapidly
growing fiee States that are springing tip
* in tho great West. According to our view
> of tho matter, l'rovidonco is working out
11 the great question which agitates the coun1
try, and by the peaceable rules of necessity,
reconciling the extremes of the country,
| and uniting them tinner and firmer by muj
tual interests.?Leslie's Illustrated jVctpjd
1 jmjter.
I , 7
Election of Unitkd SrATr.3 Sknatou.
* ?On Wednesday last tho legislature of
0 Delaware re-elected Hon. James A. Bayard
as United States Senator for nix years from
1 tho 4th of March next, and elected lion.
5 Martin W. Dates for the unexpired term of
Hon. John M. Clayton, deceased. Wc have
.s already announced, in our telegraphic col'
umn, tho election of Hon. J. S. Green, l?y
i the legislature of Missouri, to fill the vacan*
' cv in the Senate of the United States which
has existed since the expiration of General
f Atchison's term on tho 4th of March, 1855.
At a tiino when the democratic patty
has sustained so many losses from the
treachery of professing friends as well as
the assaults of open foes, the above anuouncemeat
will be recoived with more than ordi 1
nary satisfaction. Wc may well congratur
late the legislature of Delaware upon the
wisdom and patriotism of their choice. This
renewed evidence of confidence on the part
id the democracy of that State towards Mr.
Bayard is but a fitting tribute to his expoI
licnce as a legislator, his abilities as a
C statesman, his devotion to the principles of
, the democratic party, and to that unbeud,
ing integrity of purpose which has secured
for him an influence which is felt far beyond
the boundaries of his own Slate. Ilis new
. colleague, Mr. Bates, i* highly spoken of by
his personal and politica' friends.
The new senator from Missouri, lion. J.
5 S. Green, has already served with great disjunction
in the Hotiso of Representatives,
. and for one or two years most efficiently
r represented this country at New Grenada,
lie is an uncompromising democrat, and
po?se>-es legislative talents of a high order.
? Washington r 'nion, Jan. 1G.
A Nkw State.?The Western Reserve
? is proposed as a now State, outside of
"Ohio l'roper," which "goesdemocratic" by
I a small majority. The Cleveland Plain
dealt r tints speaks; "( >hiu 1'roper" need
i have nothing to say about afl'airs in ' The
Reserve.' Wo are a peculiar people, running
altogether to priests, puritaui.-ui, and
|Mtnij>Mii vinos. ' merlin is to be llio cani
j ital of our new State, and (biddings is to be
the 1 Ingham Voung of the concern. Wo
men are going to v<?to; and men are trying
to part their hair in the middle. 1 'arta
loons will give place to pantalel*, and
white men w'll not he allowed to run at
large without their papers Our railroad*
will run under ground, and will make connections
only with Canada and Kentucky.
1 ho Constitution will ho construed strictly,
arid all men will be considered equal, and j
some a little more so, depending on their
color. The Mate of 'Tho lles.-rve,' by the
grace ?.? Joshua K. (ridding*. j, hereby declared
a fie? and independent State. *(Miio
Proper' and all the other States of this ;
I'nion will plea?e conduct themselves accordingly."
Mr. IVciiasan and Kansas,?Some of,
the know-nothing papers (?ays llio Na>h- j
viile I'ninn) profess to believe that Mr. l>u- '
eli an an will not be true to the South on
Kansas matters. We tell these papers that '
to he lino to the South, it only necessary
he should he true to the constitution. The
democratic party does not exj>ect nor desire :
that the incoming administration shall do;
anything to make Kansas a slave or a freo j
State; that is exactly the policy vve oppose.
Nor do thev oaro what Mr. lluchanan'a
private views may he on the abstract ques
! lion of slavoiv, so he recognises and en1
forces its roiotiluiioiial tights. The democracy
stand upon national, not sectional
principles; and all they ink for is that no
outride influence shall l?e bronchi to l?ear
upon this question, but that it shall be left
solely to those whom it concerns, vis; The]
i r*nnf - . f (h" Territory themselves, I.
The Disunion Convention.?A few of
the Massachusetts fanatics recently licld *Kj,Convention
at Worcester, to devise tnsaae
for the effectual separation of the free
from tho slave States. Senator Wilson
now appears to be in rather bad order with erf
that class, lie wrote a letter to the Convention,
in which he said "that he had read
with sincere and profound regret a movement
which can hare no other issue than
to put a burden on the cause of f.eedom*
It wilt, in his judgment, array against the
nnti slavery sentiment that intense feeling
of patriotism which glows for union in the
nation. He regarded all such movements
as disunion conventions as crimes against
freedom." Upon this, a oertain Mr. McYay
arose and objected to "calling Mr. Wilsou
either Honorable or General. He protested
that Wilson was not worthy of either
title. An honorable man ascends to God.
Wilton does not. All tho generals he had
ever heuid ot read of would fight; when
challenged, Wilson did not tight; therefore
he would strip the titles he falsely wears
from him."
As to Senator Siuuner, another apoakev
stated that he had had a "talk" witli him
in lioston, a few days previous, and when
he asked him if, when ho got back to
Washington, ho would reiterate his words
again t slavery, Mr. Sumner replied; "Reiterate,
re-iterate. If, when 1 get back ta
Washington, I utake the speech 1 expect to
make, it will be liko fourth proof brandy
to molasses and water." When asked
what re-iirlt he oxpectcd from it, ho replied,
"I expect to be shot; there is nothing else
left for them to do."
Tiik Goi.d Regions ok California
Outdone.?The Santa Ke Gazette announces
the arrival of Mr. Idler, the agent and
general director of the Mining Company,
organized some litne sinco in Washington
city, to woik the l'lacer mines near Santa
I'e. Mr. Kurtz, a machinist from Norris*
engine shop, in Philadelphia, and Mr.
Chappin, a millwright, nil erg-Aged in the
same business. This, says the Gnzette,4x
a new era in the history of New Mexico,
Two steam engines, with crushing apparatus,
are soou to he put in operation at the
Placer mines, and the question will be settled
as to whether gold abounds in sufficient
quantities to justify the cost of extracting
it by this description of machinery. If
the experiment proves successful, it must
produce a change in the business of the
Territory, for the quantity of gold bearing
earth and rock is admitted to be inexhaustible,
and theie is room for any number of
machines.
It has been staled that the gold mines of
New Mexico bid fair to equal those of California.
A letter from Santa Fe to a California
paper gives a romantic account of
their discovery. The story goes that a
Mexican woman returned from a captivity
of eight years among the Covotery Apaches
of the Gila country, bringing extraordinary
accounts of gold treasures in the region inhabited
by that tribe. The woman says
that iu the region from whence she escaped,
gold exists in every quarter on the surface,
and in great quantities, and that there was
one large lump imbedded in the side of it
hill, and jealously guarded by the tribe.
A Fkarfcl Passage.?We have been
infoimed by Mr. 1*. F. Frazee, Sr., who
was a passenger on board the steamer
Marion, which left New York on Saturday
afternoon, at 3 o'clock, for Charleston,
where sho arrived yesterday morning, that
tho trip was in the greatest degree fearful.
During Saturday night a storm camo up,
and the steamer was compelled to lay to at
Cape Hatteras for 20 hours in consequence
of its violence. The cold, too, was so intense
that horses were frozen to death, and
tho deck and combing", masts, sails, rigging,
and every portiou of tho vessel exposed,
wore covered with ice to the thickness of
G or 7 inches. Tho steamer l>lack Warrior,
from Havana, hound to New York,
passed the Marion while who was lying to,
and Mr. Frazee informs us that she was byerally
covered with ice.
Wo take this occasion to slate that Mi\
Frazjo sj>eaks in tin most complimentary
manner of the skill and superior manago:
incut of tho Marion by the officers during
lliA nrnrilnnM II.A ?'
J U1 Ills ? UCII B*WJ pas!
senger on hoard ha I concluded it almost
iirpossible for tito vessel to outlive tU?
storin. Captain Foster and Mr. Thomas,
tho pilot, proved themselves worthy the responsible
positions they occupy, and their
vessel one of tho hltvinehefct crafts now ply-,
ing between Now York nnd Charleston.
[Columbia Times, 22d ult.
1>k.atii Painlrss.?It is nearly certain
? indeed as cettain as anything chieflv
speculative can l?o?that in all rleaths the
physical suffering is small. Even where invalid*
experience the most excruciating ;igo-.
ny during the progress of the disease, natuc
Comes to their relief at the last hour,
and life g->c* out gently, like a candle in
its socket. Those who have witnessed
death beds most frequeutly?especially if
h y l ave been intelligent persons, and
therefore capable of judging?agree gonerally
in considering tho physical pain of
death as inconsiderable. They say thai
the convulsive motions, which frequeutly
attend the parting breath, are not ovidew
ces of suffering, fur lh:tt llic invalid is insensible.
They say also, llial when I lie
sonses nra retained, there is usually no such
spasm. A tending medical authority slater
that scarcely one person in fifty is sensible
at the point of death; ami some physicians
assort that they have never seen a deathbed
in which the jmlient was sensible. As
life fails, nature, it would seem, beneficently
interposes, deadening the sensibility of the
nerves, and otherwise preparing the individual
for the great and inevitable change.
[ Phil, ledger.
Tits SrrDY ov Grammar.?Jos. T. Buckingham,
'?no of the best of living writers
and grammarian*, once said that "Not one
rhild in a thoncAr.d ?ver received the leas\
benefit from atudvir.g the rule* of grammar
before he was fifteen year* old."