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BY cavis & tbimmieb. Dnrolcfo ta Southern litgljts, politics, Agriculture, unfr iiTisreUmu). $2 peb annum. VOL.. XIII. SPARTANBURG, S. C, THURSDAY, JANUARY 22, 1857. ? ? =^o"4& THE CAROLINA SPARTAN. BY OAVIS & TRIMMIEJR. T. 0. P. VERNON, Associate Editor, Pries Two Dollars per aunuin in advance, or $4.50 at the end of the year. If not paid until alter tne year expires $3.UO. Payment will be considered in advance if made within threo mouths. $fo subscription taken for less than six months. Money may be remitted through postmasters at our risk. Advertisements inserted at the usual rates, and .contracts made on reasonabto terms. The Spartan circulates largely over this and adjoining distriots, and offers an admirable medium < our friends to reaoli customers. Job work of all kinds promptly executed. Blanks, Law and Equity, continually on hand or printed to order. CAROLINA SPARTAN. "JANUARY BILLS." Our correspondent J. Forrest Cowan, Fsq., con tribu'ed to the Spartan, on the Sth instant,a poetical hit at January bills. Another correspondent, thinking ho had found evidence to convict Mr. Gownu of plagairitm, forwarded to us the following note, enclosing a leaf of the New York Literary Journal, nrinted sometime in 1856. wherein we found, as a i * selection, this same January ballad, under the head of "Payments:" Messrs. Editors: Under the impression that in the "press of enjoyments,'* during tho Christmas holidays, you hare neglected to examine your "ex's." or, at least, to give your "original articles" the proper "credit," we send enclosed a pnj>er, not The Spartan, containing the article headed "January Bills" and "Payments;" not but what we arc very much pleased with J. F. G's. "_/eu d'??prif" and "daguerreotypes in verse," but to show,simply, that the article referred to is, in fact, a daguerreotype, [not the original.] Trusting you will pardou us for expressing the opinion that J. K. G. would do well not to discard "the chemicals" yet axvhilc, we have the honor to be, very respectfully, &c., Yours, till death, WE US & CO. Please send us a number containing the above, and oblige, W. U. & CO. We placed the whole matter in the hands of Mr. Gowan for explanation. llis surprise was intense, and lie at once placed in our hands the proof that the poem was his, and originally appeared over his name in tho Charleston Evening News. Tho Newberry Rising Sun of lust week also enmo to us with black marks around "January Bills," plainly intimating that we were ho-axed by our friend J. F. G. To settle the question of authorship beyond controversy, however, our cor re pondetit seized upon \ the incident to daguerreotype i', in the following happy muuner. We think l:<? triumph complete: TH5>!E "JAUVAKY BILLS." by J. r. oowan. I did not think, when first 1 wrote, In "Evening Now*," these verses, That it would bring upon my pato A host of New York curses. So, thinking it appropriate In January too, I coolly took my pen in hand, And wrote* it all uuew. Tlio Spartan kindly published it Upon his columns rare, Not dreaming tlmt tin* New York folk* Would meddle with it there. But, lo! from out the Empire Slate, I letter is received, Which dares to tell our Editor, That lie was much deceived. The "Literary Journal'' says The lines belong to them, That J. F. O. had copied it, They knew not where or when. With this they are not satisfied, But with ironic flings, They compliment my beauteous art, And mention other things. Now, J. F. G. plainly asserts? With greatest ease can prove? The "Journal" stole the "Bills" from hiin, And published them, by Jove! And did the Journal deign t<> turn To Charleston Evening News. ili< Iil-<?f July last, An?l patiently p rjw, He'd fiuJ upuH the column litxt This very envied piece, Headed, I think, the "July Bills," "Which will my proof increase. Ami if he is not then content, John Cunningham, Knquirc , Will tell him who the author is, And all he tnny require. Now, Mr. Journal, let me say. B fore l close my verse, I care not much whoe'er you be, How long may be your purse; But when you next attempt to take Daguerreotype in verso, You'd better use a better light, Or tako another course. For Chemicals and Poetry r ijo noi ui i\ii agree, For men who praise the former mode, Hut ?tenl the rest from me. Perhaps you want to try your hand Id copying now and then, Ifao, insert this picture too, And caII it yours again! m ?s?? Hon. Hknky W. Milliard.?A paragraph which bus appeared in several Southern papers in regard to this gentleman's purpose to change his present relations to his church is, wo have reason to know, premature. The remarks made by Mr. 11 i 1 liard had reference to the future, and not to the present. It is well known that he lias long beon connected with tho Methodist Episcopal Church, and that his political And professional engagements have not preventen him from advocating in this city and elsewhere the claims of the gospel. It i< not, wo understand, his purpose to makr any change At this time in his relations tc the church, or to relinquish his usual pur suits, if that should even take place. [National Intelligencer. There ia a firm in Now York, the nam< of which is Lay, Hatch, A Co. Tho clerk are presumed to bo Shanghais. Dr. Livingstone's Exploration of Africa. Dr. Livingstone is nearly forty years of age; his face is furrowed through hardships, and is almost black with exposure to a burning sun. lie hesitates in speaking, has a peculiar accent, is at a loss sometimes for a word, and the words cf his sentences are occasionally inverted. His lauguage is, however, good, and he has an immense fund of most valuable and interesting information, which he communicates most freely. He is in good health and spirits. His left arm, which was broken by a lion, is improperly set, a defect which he will endeavor to get corrected while ho is in England. Ho has an affection of the uvula, which will prevent him from speaking much in public for the prcsont. This affection has boon brought on by proaching in the open air in Africa. If ho now speaks much he loses his voice, notwithstanding that ho submitted to an operation in Afiica to euable him to speak in public. lie has scarcely spoken tho English language for the last sixteen years, lie lived with a tribe of Hecltuanas, far in the interior, for eight years, guiding them in tho paths of virtue, knowledge and religion, lie, in conjunction with Mr. Oswald, discovered tho maguiliceul Lako Ngami, in tho interior of Africa. He traced by himself the course of the great river Zumbesia, in Eastern Africa, and explored one of lire extensivo and arid deserts of tho African continent. In the interior of that continent ho reached the eighth degree of southern latitude, that is, twenty-six degrees north of the Capo of Good llopo, far beyond the range cf any former traveller. The Lako Ngami is far to tho west of the hunting grounds of Gordon Cutnming. Livingslono was in those grounds when the Lion slayer was there, and they both met often. Livingstone never could make tho Africans believo or understand tlint his countryman came for sport. They thought ho came for meat, which ho could not got at home. The last news that Dr. Livingstone heard from Europe, while far away from the const, was when he was rear Loando. lie then read of the battle of lialaklava. It was a twelvemonth before ho heard further news. The wife of the Doctor is the daughter of Mr. Moffatt, the civilizer of the liechuaua nation. Motfatt had lost 6ight of his souin law for some time, and attempted to cross into the interior to see what was become of him. lie failed to reach him, however, but he sent on by friendly tribes a package of books, newspapers, and letters. This package was brought to the southern banks of a liver which separated two hostile tribes. Livingstone was then living far to the north of this river. The Southrons called to the Northmen, and told them that ;hey had sotno property belonging to the Doctor, who was held in great respect by both tiibes. The Northmen refused to cross over for it, saying that the hooks and papers contained witchcraft medicine. ''Very well," said the Southrons, "we leave them hero, and if they are lost, on your heads the blame will fall." They then retired. The Northmen thought better of it, crossed over, placed the parcel ou an island in the liver, and built a hut over it. Twelve mouths afterwards Dr. Livingstone found the parcel there safe. The Doctor has been struck down by African fever upwards of thirty times. lie has constantly slept in the open air in tiie ruost unwholesome climates, and he has traveled over "sands, and shores, and desert wildernesses," with no earthly defence, he says, savo his ow n right arm, "but under the protection of the Al mighty. It is impossible to talk with the uroctor wituoui uiscovering mat ue tins a brave heart, and possesses (juiet and endur ing energy. Dr. Livingstone explored the country ol the true negro race. Ho saw a multitude of tribes of Africans, and several races, many of whom had never seen a white man until he visited them. They all had a re ligion, believed in an existence after death wo. np? 1 idols, and performed religious cere11 grov> aud woods. They n 'e.cu '.nemselves superior to whiU uieii, who could not speak their language Lions were numerous and destructive, he cause many tribes in Africa believed thai the souls of their chiefs migrated into tin bodies of tbo.se animals. These native; clapped their hands together whenever they saw lions, to cheer and honor llieni. Tin Doctor and Mr. Oswald discovered the Laki j Ngami hy stratagem. The natives soutl | of the lake always directed travellers to i , in a straight line, which was at most lime: through an arid desert, which could not b< traversed. Messrs. Oswald and Livingstom skirted this desert, and thus reached tin lake, which was exactly where tho native pointed to it, by a circuitous route. Fa north lie found a country abounding ii game, though at some parts the game ha. ; been thinned by the natives who bad bcoi ; supplied with firearms by the Portuguese. I At the time when Dr. Livingstone wa supposed Lo have been lost, owing to th oi.'.r. ?k;?i. ?i .i~??.~i.- e .._j ain|i u iiiv.ii vuiuniucu iiio Ilt'3 IOUIHJ ering al Madeira, ho was llion in the inU rior of tho country trying to seek a road t the sea coast. Achiof was anxious to ope a communication with tho coast for th purpose of trading, and the doctor and largo number of tho chiefs subjects wer , seeking tho means of doing it. Tho dill , cully consisted in finding a routo for veh , cles, on account of the marshy state of th country, lie describes the languago of th 1 tech lianas, amongst whom ho lived, as r< , markably sweet and expressive. It h; nono of tho clicking sound which distil I guishes tho Bosjesman language. Tli whole of tho dialects of the African trilx I have affinities one with another, a circuit ( stance which assists a traveler, who undo j stands one dialect, to in&ko himself intell ) gible in another. The doctor loft tho interior of Africa I descending tho liver Quolamaen, whit empties itself in the Mozambique Chanm It was in au attempt to find him that scv 9 ral of the crew of II. M. B. Dart wo s drowned. He hopes next year to enter / rica by the east, and proceed to extend t j discoveries. Although so long away from | i ! the abodes of civilized men, ho has not lost t i the manners and polish ot n gentleman. f Dr. Livingstone arrived in London on j Saturday, the 13th, from Southampton, to . 1 meet Sir Roderick Murcliison and other | : suvans, in order to preparo corrected maps i J of Southern Africa, for the meeting of the ; Royal Geographical Society. It is singular i that the Doctor has found tho old maps of < Africa more accurate than the modern ones. < lie has found a large portion of that space t which is represented by a blank in South : f African maps to cousist of fertile countries, ? inhabited by populous tribos, and interspcrs- i 1 ed by largo rivers. [ t It is most important to observo that the i farther he traveled into the interior of Af ; rica, the mora civilized and numerous ho i found tho inhabitants. They were less fo- I c rocious and suspicious, had better and more r settled forms of government, aud more wants c than the tribes which lived nearer tho sea * coasts, lie met with tribes in the interior ! i who practised inoculation, and knew the , t medicinal virtues of quinine, although they | i did not administer it in tho concentrated 1 ] form as prepared in Europe; and inoroover, t ! they had a tradition of Noah's deluge. ' They traded in ivory and gold, which were { sold by one tribe to another until theso ar ' ticlos reached Europeans on tho sea coast, s Tho number of largo animals of tho chase 1 which Dr. Livingstone met with between ' the 8lh and 22d degree* of south latitude ' was perfectly marvellous. They find their j 1 subsistence upon extensive plains of coarse ' herbage, which, together with the abundant ' water melons, enable both man and beast " to travel in Africa. Many tracts in that < country, however, cannot bo traversed on ' account of insects that sting beasts of bur- * i den to madness. Tho doctor describes the | fear of African wild beasts to be much I ; greater in England than Africa, i Tho chief documents which Dr. Living- 1 stone had prepared relative to his travels < and discoveries he unfortunately lost while ' crossing an African river, in which also ho I nearly lost his life; but ho has stores of I memoranda of the utmost interest ns to the 1 ethnology, natural history, philology, goog- I rapny, auu geoiogy 01 1110 Alrican conti- t cent. Dr. Livingstone received n hearty rccep- I tiou at the Geographical Society on Mon- ] day evening, and was presented with the I gold medal of the institution. On the 15th, a public reception was giv- ' en by the friends and admirers of Dr. Liv- j 1 ingstonc, to that gentleman, at tho Freemason's Tavern, Great Queen street. 1 he Karl of Shaflsbury presided, and after seve ' ral complimentary speeches bad been dcliv- ' ered, it was moved by the Rev. l>r. Vaugh- 1 an, seconded by tho Hon. A. lvinuaird, M. 1'.: "'lhat this meeting presents its most' cordial congratulations to the Rev. David Livingstone, LL. 1)., on his safe anival in ; !jis uativo country, after an absence of six teen years, occupied in missionary labor.* and travels in South Africa. It entertains the highest admiration of that Christian benevolence, courage and perseverance by which ire was animated and sustained throughout his extended and perilous journeys in those hitherto unexplored regions; and the meeting hereby devoutly aeknow. ledge the merciful providence of God, by which Dr. Livingstone was befriended and preserved amidst the manifold dangers and gigantic difficulties of bis noble enterprise, and by which his self denying and indefatigable etforts to open a channel for the introduction of Christianity, with its unnumbered blessings, to the unlighteued millions ' of South Africa, have been crowned with tho happiest success." The reverend doctor, in the course of a long and eloquent speech, returned thanks, and the meeting separated. The Commercial Gazette of i'ort Louis, 1 Mauritius, contains an outline of a lecture i delivered by Dr. Livingstone, the African 1 traveler, in which he g.ivo an interesting j description of the peculiarities, climate*, > vegetation. ana population 01 .\trica. 1110 lecturer .?a *.1 tliat the first, or eastern zone, was distinguished by a much more huiuid climate than cither of the others. This was caused by the prevailing winds being casteily. The inhabitants were athletic, tall L and brave. The second or middle zone was comparatively flat and arid. The in habitants, called llech lianas, though origi ' nally ? ; ho same stock as the Catlies, are 3 not so well developed physically, and though 3 as fond of cattle and agriculture as the Cat" ' fres, are by no means so brave a people. 1 They are divided into upwards of twenty 8 tribes, and live in towns governed by he3 reditary chieftains, who maintain their pow ; 8 er by a system of espioruiye and rearing 8 cattle. s Allusion was then made by the lecturer r to the rain doctors, who were chiefly advenj i turers from other tribes. They resorted to all sorts of devices to gain time, in the hope 1 that clouds might collect and permit them to gain credit by bringing their operations s to a close just at the moment when rain e commonced. They were then suro of a libnral reward. In Africa wlmrn rain was !* sometimes of to much importance, prophetic ? anticipations respecting it were much looked 11 to. The Hechuanas woro generally frugal 6 and industrious. They were fond of show a and glitter. As much as ?^0 had been ,? given for a superior Knglish rille. The |* women woro not well treated by the Bechj lianas or CaftVes. They were, however, 0 complete mistresses of tho houses and the 'e , produce of tho garden. A man did not J' daro to enter his wife's hut in her absence. The middle zone was nearly Hat and very l" sandy, but it wa9 not a desert, liko portions 16 of the north of Africa. There was abund3,1 ant vegetation, but water was very scarce. 11 * T>'e inhabitants, called "Bakalahari," and 'bushnren, managed to subsist with a very small supply of tho precious fluid, for there aro many tuberous roots which contain, in >y their cellular tissues, supplies of pure cold ?h water. In tho plains were immense numH. hers of ostriches and herds of largo nntee-( lopes, which can subsist for months without '? i water. The animals which canuot live tf* without water were the olephant and rhitis j noceros, tho giraffe, pallah, buflalo, lion' mil hyenas. When these animals aro met, here is almost a certainly of water being bund in tho country. Immediately beyond tho busbmen and Sakalahari, tiicro was a curious race of reoplo called liakoba or liaxeiya. They ived on tho river Zaoga and other rivers, tnd wore the Quakers of "the body politic n Africa. They never fight, but submit j piietly to every tribo which eonquers tho rountry adjacent to tho rivers on which hey always reside. They say they never , iglit, because their forefathers tried to do >o once with bows mado of palma christi, lud as they broke they gave up tho pracice entirely. Tho spirit of trade is strong n the African. j There seems to be a scarcity of diseases n Africa?no consumption, or scrofula, liylrophobia, cancer, cholera, small pox or ueasles. In every village there were crowds ; >f children. This explains why, notwiihitanding all their wars and kidnapping, hey continue to dwell in the presence of ill their brethren. It seems as if they were ireserved (said tho lecturer) by Divine j ['rovidenco for purposes of mercy, ns disinctly as God's ancient people, tho Jews. Iloitniun: Supkiistition.?The Drownsrillo (Texas) Flag notices a caso of superititious barbarism which almost surpasses Klief. It is said to have occurred in Matanoros, Mexico, about a month ago: It seems that a young lady of Matamoros >vas taken sick, and an old lady of the neighborhood, reported to have some skill ti tlio virtuo ot lierl>s, was solicited to visit j mil administer to the patient. From some I muse or other the old lady failed to attend, ind suspicions reports wore circulated that .lie old lady had bewitched the young one. I'ho authorities were petitioned to compel ,ho attendance of the old one. Officers *ero s-nt to take her boforo her supposed J 1 victim, and thosomiserably ignorant wretch- | i :a reported that they, on several occasions, i repaired to her domicile and could not find I icr at home, but found instead a suspicious i 'coking black cat. After several efforts, | nowcver, they found the old woman at i dome, instead of her cat. and she was taken i '.o the presence of tho invalid. Bui her herbs failed to restore the sick lo health, and the meddlesome black cat i persisted in following its owner, and being < t?y the neighbors found in the room of the invalid instead of her mistress, fixed the l opinion fast in the minds of these ignorant i people, that the old woman and black cat i were one and tho saino person ?that she being a witch could take the form of the fat and assume her own shape at will? 1 that the invalid was a victim to her diaboli I ml art. With these convictions, it is said, they sought out the unfortunate old creature, and actually tied her up anil with thongs cruelly Hogged her to death as a witch. In justice to the civi authorities of Matamoros, we are happy to state that they were i not a party to the tragic part of this singu- ' !ar transaction, and that they were prompt ( in arresting tho actors. But what a mournful picture does it present in this enlighten- ' ?J agV' Nkw Youk in the Olden Time.?l?i?h-j op Meade, of Virginia, lias for some time been engaged in writing the history of tho i old churches, miniotcrs and families in Virginia. In a recent communication in the Southern Churchman, the Bishop speaks of, Governor l'age, who was a member of Congiess, which then sal in the city of New York. Ho made it a practice to write home frequently to his children. In one of his letters to hif son, written 08 years ago, Governor l'age says: "This town is not half so large as Philadelphia, nor in any manner to be compared . . r.I l i?i.:i?i w iw i?ji ?tuu cii'gfltiivu. i in'.uicijMiia, : I tun well assured, has moro inhabitants , than liostun ami Nov York together. The streets her*- are ba lly paved, very dirty, ami narrow, as wc!| as crooked, and tilled up with a strange variety of wooden, stone and brick buildings, and full of hogs ami mm). 1 ho C liege, St. Paul's Church, and the Hospital are elegant buildings. The Federal Hull, also, in which Congress is to sit, is elegant. What is very remarkable lienis, that there is but one well of water which furnishes the inhabitants with drink, so that water is bought hero by every one that diinks it, except tho owner of this well. Four carts arc continually going about selling it tit three gallons for a copper?that is, a penny for every threo gallons of water. The other wells and pumps servo for wash- i iug, and nothing else. Tho New \ ork Commercial says that there are some at the present day who remember tho "< >M Tea-Water Pump," w hich afforded that supply. A New Idea.? Yesterday after dinner wo were ensconced very snugly in our old arm chair, musing upon?nothing in particular?when our belter half rushed into our presence almost breathless, and exclaimed: "Husband, is there a cooper shop in town?" "No," wo replied, "what do you want!" "(>h!" said she, "I have just loarnod I such a OKK.vr sh.ru kt, and have promised not to tell it, and 1 want to got hooped, for I am afraid, if 1 don't tell it, I'll burst." Wo fainted. Pki.sknta iio.w?Last week we recorded several distinguished presentations that liar I lately taken place, and now wo havo to an notince another. < )ur public-spirited friend, J. It., presented to our distinguished young friend, J. 1'. It., on the evening of tho 20th ult.. a magnificent whilo pocket handkerchief. Several speeches were made, j Every thing went off with a great deal of j eclat and considerable egg nog. We had employed a reporter to be in attendance, I with a view to giving our readers full par* 1 ticulars, but the unmitigated scamp got egg nogged, and the last we saw of him lie was atlheted with weakness of tho knees and singing "bobbin around." The Sheriff of this county, Mr. John H Murray, has requested us to say that lit will receive the bills of "The People"; Hank." S. C., in payment for taxes. [Coff'eeville (Miss.) Intelligencer. Legislative Lines. PI The following jeu iTespril on tho Roll )f the IIouso of Representatives was perperated by n member of that body, who is *1' listinguished for his learning and wit. jj^ :laving presented us with tho manuscript, ! hi ve feel at liberty to make a few extracts | ai rem it: | T1 "In the present House of Representatives ; ^ )f South Carolina there are an Ambler w md a Lkoett (pronounced Ley-it) in the ^ Kru/Mitelic line; a Carter in the vehicular ine; and a McCarter in tho Book line. A Jaily in tho municipal line; a Clarke in the j. tub official line; a Beaty in tho pugnacious o( ine; a Black and a Whyte in the opjtosi. . 'ion line; a Black-well in the boot line; a -j" i Bland ing in the courteous line; a Blum pronounced Bloom) in the floral line; a lirat-ton in the brat line, and a Broyles in j ,ho l>cefslake line. . A Carwilv in tho sunning or persuativt | ino; a Cnut hen in tho coojt or trap line; a ^ Jhambors in the bed line. A Dantzler in the polk ing lino. n Two Karles in tho line of nobility; an Hasy in tho "free ami easy'' line; an Kdings in ;he bug line; and lidwards in tho meta- n nhysco-religious line. g Farrow in the bank line; and Fuller in tho j, doth lino. Good win and Win-smith in the winning . line; A Gra ham in tho bacon line; a bunch ^ >f <jreens in the vegetable line; a G regg in the ^ jranite line; a Gritlin and a Hurt in the 'ore natures lioe;and a llardy in the robust lino- , t! Two Johnsons in tho dictionary iinc. A is: !_ .L II! un:_. I- .1 t>' fviiig in mo r<jy<ii iiuc, an r^inut in luo Port rayal liue. ; 11 Two Kirks in tho ecclesiastical line. A Merriwether in tho sheep husbandry i line; n Mi ley in the mileage line; Miller in i n llio mealy line; ;i Moony in tho lunar line; 1 8< sMurray in the grammatical line; and a Mul I ^ lins in the uiedico-ruumt/ious line. An O'Cain in tho Gntta jxrcha line. j j Two Popes in the pontifical line; & Smart j in the spiriting line;and a liny-mood in the ' sparkling line. A Rice in the cereal line; aSeaborn in the ; Oceanic line; a Seymour in the optical line; 1 a Smith in the mechanical line; and nSulli- . van in the insular lino. A West-on in tho eastern line; a Whi % T ft ting in tho Jith line; and a Whaley in tho | blgfish line; a Wilds and Wood in the/or- ' est line. And a Yeadon in the privileged or elec- j lion line. . Mr. Yeadon was Chairman of the Committee on Privileges and Elections. f .-I nderson Gazette. ,, ? , _ _ j r The French Imperial Family.?A late i letter from Paris has the following: The l'rinco Imperial was yesterday, in ; ? spile of the coldness of the weather, taken f; out for air and exercise in the garden and i, court of tho Tuilcrie*. In the afternoon his -j impciial highne*^ vas carried in tho car- } c riage, with a military escort, to tho Park of a Monceaux, whoto he remained an hour and ' 0 a half. What ho may grow up to it is ! \ impossible to say; but though a strong, ' c healthy looking child, ho is assuredly, at ? present, far from pre possessing in appear- a ance; tho mouth is gross and altogether uncomely; tho cheek bones are long and prom- I inent; tho complexion is swarthy. But bo ? is lusty as a young eagle. Scarcely nine j, months ol !, he rolls himself over and over j after any object which attracts him, with ,, surprising agility, and shows all the germs | of future despotism in his determined man- j ner of exercising his free will on all mat- v tors within his domain. Tho fondness of! n the imperial parents is absolutely intense, s and the genuine amiability of both is never c more apparent than when the chiid is in v their presence. ? As to tho Empress, it seems to bo the on- I t ty wwng tu.ii was wanting to uraw out ine j great, depths of her character; and in the } duties of maternity bIic displays a grave so- ' ( lidity and womanly earnestness of which she was not always supposed capable. The i j health of the Emperor, if it wcro affected to the degree so generally reported, is sur-1 prisingly recovered, lie now rises at 7 j J o'clock, is frequently at work in his cabinet; ( by candle light, and at 10 receives his minislets, marshals and high functionaries, as { heretofore. The only difference in him by , those who are most intimately associated with hira?and I am speaking on the best information?is that he is often seised with long tits of abstraction, and will sit for hours sometimes doing nothing; and yet it isevi- 1 dent that this is not a slate of inaction, for there arc uninistakeable indications if his mind being in constant operation. lie has J nn affection of the instep?a sort of tic | n? I.., ?JI. it ..ft?, npA. ........... ..V, ....... .. r.? | vents him drawing on his boot, and indisposes him to move about, llis general health appears excellent, and thus secures 1 him from the imputation of gout. pAlUGN' ItllOWNLOW AS1) IUS JoSESDOIto' | CrsTOMKKs.?The last Knoxvilte Whig contains a characteristic and pathetic appeal from its editor to his former customers at Jonesboro, where the Whig was originally published. lie offers to take bills on the ; Bank of Kast Tennessee, which arc worth twenty cents to the dollar, in full payment, and adds; "Persons wishing to squaro up with us can now do so. If, however, they wish to get off at a cheaper rate, they can withhold even theso bills, and wo promise during the . coming year to roceipt them in full through the papor, forever, and file our claims against them in the High Chancery of Ilea veil, and let them settle with their God in the world to come ! "And to leavo all without excuse, we : further agree to take Shanghai chickens, i hoop skirts, bootjacks, broom corn, babyjumpers, lishing tackles, patent medicines, sucking-pigs, frosen cabbage, old clothes, s Colt's revolvers,second band tooth brushes, 1 ginger-cakes, parched corn, circus tickets, or any other aitides found iu a country re i tail store"' lays of Shakspeare?Who Wrote Ther An interesting controvenAhas arisen ie literary world in England, as well as is country, as to the authorship of t! ays generally nltiibuted to Willaro Sha >eare. William Ilenry Smith, of Londo \s impugned the validity of his clairr iu transiurred his claims to Loid I'uCC liis bold heretic commences his onslaug 1 tho Bard of Avou by citing a passsj orn the writings of Alexander l'ope, hich the poet gives it mm Ida opinion th ie "plays attiibuted to William Shake ;aro wtro pieces produced by unknov ilhors, or Gtlcd up for the theatre whi was under his adminstratiou, and i .her owner claiming them, they were a idged to him, us they give strays to tl ril of the manor." Mr. Smith describes Shakspeare as i neducated man, incapable of producti ie drama with which his name is associ d, and represents him as no higher tin theatrical factotum, being solo owner io wardrobe and tho properties; in a wor t the mauagcr and superintendent of tl ?echanical department of the theatre. In favor of tho pretensions of Lord B in, ho puts forward the following arg tent: Bacon, in 1557, composed the Dun hows, acted before Queen Elizabeth, frecnwich. It was a mask, and this ilduced in proof of his dramatic capabi os; besides, his familiar conversation nown to have been peculiarly dramatic >ne. In 1021 ho was politically disgract nd devoted himself to collect and arran is literary works. In 1G23 appear io folio of the plays, which had nlwa een attributed to Shakspeare. Now, w tade tho selection ? who alone was coi ctcnt to make it ? who could classify t G plays contained in tho folio? Cleai o person but the author himself, or a pi >n deputed by the author. The folio s eared under the names of Johu Ilumin ad Ilenry Condell, tho players; but A mitli considers the real editor was B uhuson, who acted under the directions ord Bacon. Mr. Smith, in support of I icory, quotes a letter from 'l'obie M lews to the Lord Viscount St. Alba: antaining this remarkable postscript: "T lost prodigious wit I ever knew of my i on, and of this side of the sea, is of yc irdship's name, though he be known nother." By "another," it is assuiu latTobiealludes to Shakspeare, who usu lI the honors due to Bacon. It is a well known fact that Sbaksper ras singularly regardless of fame. 11 is e )r, M alone, when criticizing the play ct d the "London Prodigal," says: "O mows not which most to admire?the i udence of the printer in athxing our gr loot's name to a comedy, publicly acted lis own theatre, of which it is very i irobable that ho should have written ingle line, or Shakspcare's negligence nne in suffering such a piece to be iinj : <! to him without taking the least of i his indifference is indeed a very starlli ircumstnnce; but was it not equally rema ble in Ixird Bacon, if he were the autl f the dramas attributed to Shakspea lr. Smith denies that Shak?pcare had su ient talents or learning to wiile these d oas; but ho wrote the poems of "Ver ,nd Adonis," of "Tarqum and Lucroct ,nd the "Sonnets." Tliose are proofs of his abilities, and nake good Mr. Smith's argument, ho iu rove that Shakspeare was not their null. 3ut there is other evidence of Shakspea jenius in the praises of liira accorJed lis contemporaries and transmitted to I'ake the following from Fuller: "Mi vere the wit combats between Shakspe aid Ben Jonson. I beheld them lik< Spanish great galleon and an English n >f war. Master Jonsou, like the forn vas built far higher in learning, solid, low in his performances; Shakspeare, 1 ho latter, less iu bulk, but lighter in s ng, could turn with nil tides, tack nix md take advantage of all winds by quickness of his wit and invention." All educated persons must take a lir nterest in whatever relates to the lam .he Hard of Avon, and we have therel ;iven tho salient feature* of this new < iroversv. Each must decide for himself Lween Hacon and Shakspeare. Mr, Sn delivered a lecture on the subject at Reethoven Rooms, Harley street, Lon< but it docs not appear that he has as made any converts. 1 nh.i'knce ok City Like.?liev. Scott, tho eminent Presbyterian divine, been lecturing befoie the Mercantile Li ry Association of San Francisco, views of the influence of city life ott y< widely differ from many who have Ire of the subject, but are well worthy al tion : The country and the village may be best place for the birth and early trail of youth; but it is in lite excitement of city that tho highest developments of i are made. J lie powerful minds that I swayed the destinies of mankind, th< not commonly born in the great city, generally gono to reside there, to feel pressure of that activity which would t out their strength, and to find a tin suitable for their talents. Our men of ters have their homes in or near our la cities. 11 nine, whose authority is grc all matters of mer* literary experience, that "a great city is the only tit resid for a man of letters." This is true. !i country there may be leisure, hut ther? be a want of impulse for intellectual suits. The mind languishes in the i of a wilderness. ''Tu better," in th velopmentof intellect, "'to dwell iti the i of alarms, than reign" in a horrible soli The niind without congenial spirits nates. **It gathots the rust of decay the immortal Chalmers says, "by its distance from sympathy and example.' his policy of cities, it is the prescn libraries and of literary men, and undr pressure of intense excitement, that tli man mind ordinarily comes forth i i greatest powet. o?j MORAL INSANITY. in A hit at tijk huntington* ca8e. in Long L-ubed Lams: Vou will find injr text 'ie done up as nice as n sore toe in a bundie of ** papers, wid a piece ob red tape raped 'roun/ >n> a layin' on de shelf ob de Spruiue Court in 19? de City llall. De papers belong to Mass* >u- Jim Brady, and ue suojict torsideration am what ho calls de ABREBIATION OB MIND, ,u on, Moral Insanity. Ml And you will find tings in dem papers a" dnt you nebber dieiut ob in your nuiuk? skulls. De time was, my frens, when crazy folks 110 was known and pinted out to you, eder in de ^ lunatic asilum or strait jacket, but now-a-days ',e its different. Crazy fellers can run loose, keep fast women, fast bosses, and de fastest *n ob houses?swell in de best 'siety, and we '? nebber dremo, til dey git into a fix, but a' what dey am as sane, and as full ob com11,1 rnon sense as some ob you niggers am ob ?' menencs* and stingyness. Things bnb changed milily eben in ray ',e day?de same tings we used to call swindling, cheating, robbery, forgery and mura" der am now known no longer by dcre oneu ry names, but ain all clashed under de head ,b ob Abrebialion ob de tnind and moral insanity. 19 If you meet a seedy chap in de street . late, at nile and he comes up and axes you ,IS what time it am, and when you pull out your watch to tell him he lams you ober de bead wid a club, grabs de watch and runs off wid it?don't you say nuflin to him, but if you hnb time to do it, put your y? baud in your pocket and gub him your ',0 small change, kase de poor feller wants it ,u" ?lie's laboring under do Abrtbiation 06 ',e Mind, and wants do watch and de money, r,.v poor fellow. l>at class hab got it bad and 8r" needs our simpafy. lP I)is drefful 'diction 'feels different men oe differeut from de odder. For instink? 'r* sposen I was still in de clam bizioess, and en Pete LeJdcrfacc, dat sits ober dar wid his of arm around rercilla Jane Nubbins, was to "? buy a hundred clams ob me on trust, till at" be made a hit in de policy shop. Well, U3i spose Jim Taterlip was to find it out, and bo on henouns to mo he war to call on Pete ,a" and tell him danl I sent hitn for de two sbil,ur lings for de clams. Well Pete, he being b>" an onsuspishous darkey, he gubs him de money, and as soon as Jim gits it he goes rlv off on a fuddle, and spends de hole ob it widout comim? anie ma. Den Jim wnuUl hab it in a berry mild form?but spoeen Pete was a cunning ole darkey, aud when Jim corne to him for de money be war to 110 say to him, "No, air, I don't gub no money m" widout an order from Purfesser llannibal eal hcseff." Well, den, spose Jim go off and **" ff'1 a piece ob paper and rite de order for ,u' de money and sine my name to de tame? a den ho hab it bad, and need all de care mod ?f kind 'teution his freuds can gub him. DarPu fore you see de wus de crime am dat de lt- man commits de more his mind am Abreno biated, or cut short, and de more he am to r^' be treated aid pity and sich tings. lor In view ob dese tings I beg to offer a se>r<d ries oi, resolutions, which I hope to see go down wid you like a fry on de half-shell. ra* Fuslly, I resolve dat nil do prisons in de ?us country be burned down, and beautiful pnla e? ces be put in dnr place, and insted ob cells and do iron bedstcJ now in woge, a splenlo did roonr, carpeted and lounged up to de usl present style ob de fif avenue, and insted loJ"- ob putting de inmates to work for de State, to a i want a theatre, a library, a park (and ? by pair ob hosscs and a sarvant for each lunaus* tic) added to cbery stablishmenl ob de kind. u,7 Den dese poor suffering, neglected mortals ar0 wood be properly taken care of. 0 a Dere's no use ob haben piisons no more, ian kase if do Police does cotch bad fellers and >er' jug* detn, de gubnor comes and opens do \>u* doors ob all dem dat can raise enuff to pay ike (]0 turnkey, and luffs dent go to rob and *il* steel, and become a leprocy to de commu )Ub uity. the Dorelore I pronounce de resolution carried fore 1 put it. reiy De moral ob dis lecture am dis? e ot Don't put no faif in dis modern insanity. Fore nor no such nonsense. If a feller tries to oil- i che.1t VOli lia nn >' 1.!.? .. ICi-- - " " j j w ? ?. it1111 iva ii iju was a miei be- or a scoundrel, and I'll bet a shilling stow lilli against 3 crabs dat you'll hit do right nail the on de lied. Ion, Brudder Harper will please hand round yet de sasser.?JVirrr York Picayune. German Celebration of New Year's . Eve.?The Germans had a beautiful cele. r' bration of New Year's eve at their "Volks . UIS Garten," opposite the Bowery theatre in 'IVV New York, which is thus described by the llis .. ' . r.x press: >ul j The exterior was lit up with variegated ,l l " lamjis, forming the words "Yolks Garten." ,Un Within were all kinds of amusements and j singers suitable to the physical, moral or 1 . 1 intellectual taste. Midnight came, and a u,,'? long, loud "hurrah" came with it. Each ii| j person jumped up to wish his neighbor a " u happy new year; every one responded, but in the midst of their congratulations the have WftS suddenl7 tHr,,Cll ?lif die hells be. gan to ring, the bands played a solemn air, * i .1 - 1? " " , ^ v ?nu uiu uiuo ngnta, reti ngnts, preen lights and whito lights, alternately illuminated re .'l ^ tlio extensive building from the roof. The whole affair was gotten up in exact imitauYn l'on l',e ^*'n?er Garden celebration of 1 1 New Vear eve in Germany. On a sudden lence l',C was brilliantly re illuminated. 'u tjlft the band struck up "Ilail Columbia," and HI congratulations followed. The fun was afterwards kept up for some uUst ?ime? * select chorus of thirty male voices " .7 from one of the German clubs singing the old country "Frolic Songs," and the double mV band of musicians furnishing capital accom1,1 paniament. The house was crowded all *,a^. the evening. mere Up to Snuff.?It is asserted that it ' See costs the general government several thou-' ce of sand dollars a session to furnish member* sr the of Congress with snnflf. A box that will e hu- hold half a peck is seemed bv the deek of o its theCleik of the House, end is filled with fiesh Macaboy every moiuing. # %