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, Tl VOL. 23. NO. 48. SEMI-WE NEW LIQUOR LAW " WINS FIRST ROUND Hi Judge Thomas S. Sease Holds That Probate Judce Must ~ 8U jeopardising the office and liberty of the judge of probate is created, " which crime is not stated in the title . he to act, as a mandatory under the ? r i Constitution; and, second, that pow- ^ ers not contemplated in the Const:f? tution are devoled on 1h* office of re the Judge of probate. Mr. Bradford er appeared before Judge Sease, at re chambers in Spartanburg on March 22, in mandamus proceedings to comT1 pel the issuance of the permit. He was represented by Claude N. Kapp. 1 ? assistant atInrnsv rsnoroi ??? " ? cfj ntor Charlton Durant. of Clarendon county. because an act of the legislature was contested, and I). S. Henderson, Esq., of the Aiken bar, ap- '11 pea red for Mr. Richardson. The suit <)l is a friendly one to test the constitutionality of the law. "This cause." says the opinion of Judge Sease, "came on for a hearing before me at chambers on the 23d day of March, 1918, by way of an appeal from an order of Thomas E. Richardson, judge of probate for Sumter county, refusing to isstie a permit to Singleton Bradford, a citi- ^ zen of Sumter county, to receive al- ^ coholic liquors under the terms of (( 'an act to amend section 10 of an act to regulate the shipment and trans- w portation, carrying, storing and havinp in possession of alcoholic liquors n) and beverages, and to penalties for jn violation thereof, approved Febru- . ary 24, 1917, further regulating the ^ isminnce of permits.' approved the 18th day of February, 1918. and further, by way of a petition for mandamus on behalf of Singleton Bradford requiring the judge of probate Of Slimier fniinlo permit to transport into South Oarolina the alcoholic liquors specified In the affidavit which was presented to him. "In the order refusing the permit " the Judge of probate admits the allegatlons contained In the affidavit or 1,1 the petitioner and admits that all requirements o4 law under the act have lu been complied with by the petitioner, but refused to issue the perm't for the reason that the act in question is ar unconstitutional. in "First?Because the act is in violation of the constitutional provision hl which requires that every act or resolution bavin* the force of law shall relate to but one subject and as that shall be expressed in the title. In that the title of the act provides for further regulating the issuance of|pf permit* and the body of the act goes further after providing for the Isfu- ar ance of permita and creates a crimInal ofTenae against the probate cc Judges who may be mistaken in their '11 lews as to the truth of affidavits presented to them; and ( "fleeond?That Article V, section pi 19, of the Constitution, vests in the ^ court of probate jurisdiction 'in all ,h til (Continued on Pace 6.) > Issue the Permit. GOES TO SUPREME COURT em sal Case From Sumter County In- tie volving Constitutionality of QU id* Amendment Passed by Last ? Legislature Attracts Attention ed eg: Columbia, April 4.?Holding as untenable the contentions that the f amendment to the "Quart a Month" Act, passed at the last ses&ion of the general assembly tightening up the M{ issuance of permits by the judges of probate of the sereral counties; of the state ie unconstitutional. Judge Tbos. nA s. ?eaee, of Spartanburg. In an order ^ filed Friday, directs Thomas E. Rich- ^ ordson, Judge of probate for Sumter Couaty, to issue a permit to Singleton Bradford, a citizen of Sumter or county. The caae will be appealed to the state supreme court by Mr. ^ Richardson. de March 11. of this year. Singleton ., Dli Bradford presented the prescription of a reputable physician to Judge of Probate Richardson at the latter's office in Sumter, requesting the isto m an re of a permit for the purchase _ I ?1 of a quart of whiskey. Mr. Richard- ^ aon refused the permit, contending that the amendment to the "Quart a Month" Act is unconstitutional in two particulars: First, in that a new crime, that of "misjudgment" 4E Li :ekly. CRFATFST STB ATM ? m MV * h/ 1 Itn I M*d\Ji JOFFRE SAYS is Brains Saved Paris, Calais an the Present Supreme Allied Co Lick 'Em Is to "Find Out tl Enemy and Deliver V "Fihd out the weak point of our emy, and deliver your blow there,p< d Koch, commander of the Twen- jt th French army corps, at a ban- tr et in Nancy in 1913. It was his m *a of how to lick the enemy. in "Put suppose, general," interruptan artillery officer, "that the enly has no weak point-" 8J Foch's eyes gleamed and his chin ted aggressively. Cl "If the enemy has no weak point make one!" * Foch is fond of quoting Joseph de o1 lietre's remark: "A bajLtle lost 1r a battle which |ai e believe* to have lost," and Foch r< ds: "A battle won is a battle in jich one will not admit one's pelf nquiehed." P "Discipline," Foch has written, oes not mean the mere execution p orders received. It means that V l? u have entirely grasped the ideas the leader who has given the orr and that you take every possi- K e means of satisfying him." p' How old is Foch? Where did he me from? Ferdinand Foch will be 67 on Oc- tl ber 2, 1918. He was born in vi irbes, a little town in southern si ance, near the Spanish border. bi When did he become a soldier? o Foch has been a soldier all his life nr ? fought the Germans when a boy n the war of 1870. He served as a a baltera. as dirt .inffro a f < - <v.? .., ?r he be^an to win notice. At 26 ti s wat an artillery captain. Later, K became professor of tactics in the |< ench "We?t Point"?the Boole de tl terre After five years' teaching he c-,| turned to regimental work. He had tl ached the rank of brigadier gen- el al when flemenceau made him di- fi ctor of the Ecole de Guerre. From c< is post he went to command the w lirtieth division, then the Eighth o rps at Brougea, and then the Twen- h jth corps at Nancy, where he was v ationed when the war broke out. o Does he go in for "society?" f, No. Has no taste for social func- n ins. Makes i nly formal calls re- ai lired of him. " How do you pronounce his name? F Fokh?with brag "o." tl What kind of a fellow is he per- p nally? p Modest, ouiet. ret trine: ?5im ne- n ve and graceful; looks and acts v >w like a man of 40; large gray- n ue eyes; you'd notice his eyes par- tl cularly?so clear and keen; quick w speech, praise, logical; no use ir shirkers?ueed to make it hot A r them at the academy; nervous II >mperament; energetic; works al- tl ost constantly; the dramatic in the T ar appeals to him?secrecy and d iddenness, gigantic and hold oves; much more dash than Joffre; jc teresting companion; uncanny fac t] tv for inspiring men to do their t >st. What is his hobby? Strategy?particularly the <*trnte- tl r of the campaign of Napoleon and j h ie?ar. French officers say he is, tssessed of almost an obsession on j e subject of Napoleon. What does Joffre think of General t ?o.h ? v Joffre says: "Foch Is fhe grenteet a rateglst in Kurope and the humest." Joffre nnd Foch have be<m p fe-long friends. t How does he stand with the poi- r ?? h French writers say Foch knows a e human element in the French my better than any other man liv- p r. They idolize him. What do the Germans think of ri m? n The Militar-Wochenhlatt. organ of e German peneral staff, ranks him p i one of the few frst-olaes etratestu among the allies. How did he stand with the French x>ple before the war? f, Thev hardly knew of him. Th" ?. II my knew him a* one of it* greatt officer*. Military men in other p luntriea knew him, principally c rough his two wide!y studied oka, "Principle* of War" and " onduct of War." But the French ibllc knew no more about him an the American public doea about " e head of Weat Point in peace si me*. rr Doea he go oat among hi* men? a iNCA LANCASTER, S. C., FRIL 1ST IN EUROPE" ~ f-i />rtrr?n < ? ur ULNLKAL tULH d the French Army?In 1913 mmander Said the Way to fie Weak Point of the our Blow There." Yes. Frequently. Much as Naileon used to. No bob-nobbing; no iking; no familiarity. Drops into a enrh or an occupied village, looks en and food and equipment over [formally, makes a useful comment, rops a phrase worth remembering, id leaves behind him confidence, reject, enthusiasm. Why has France's great fight been tiled "Fooch's fight?" Ilecause he taught many of the rench commanders and strategists r this war. Because he often warn- , 1 that a great war was inevitable . nd demanded that France ge >ady. (So certain was he of this aat many officers called hin Foch. the alramist.") Because o is work on the larger puns of the rench field artillery which have roved ol such worth in this war. 'orking secretly on the pun probm, Foch went week alter week to le great Creusot gun works in the rimy blouse of a workingman. exerimenting, testing, analyzing. The Hero of the Mame. Foch's strategy won the battle of le Marne, saving Paris and preenting the envelopment and deduction of the French army. The attle line extended from just east f Paris to Verdun. Foch eomlanded the Frenrh tnrkyard. He was rommandpr-ln- j hief of the French forces in the hatle of the Sotnme. which they swept he Germans over the ground they ave just won hack. Years ago it fell to Clemenceau, he "Tiger" then, as now, premier f France?to choose a director of he Rcole de Guerre, the "French VeM Point" where French officers re made. Many big generals wanted the >b. There w a? a lot of wire-pulling, "his disensteii ided to make his own choice unampered. He took Foeh to dinner nd to'd him: "You're nominated director of the Ico1" de Guerre." "Director of the Eeole de Guerp!" echoed Foch. "But I am not candidate for the post." "That is possible, but you're apointed all the same." Foch thanked the premier, but he till had bis doubts. "I fear you don't know all my arnily connections," he said. "I ave a brother who is a Jesuit?" "Family be damned!" roared the romter?"er, I bej? your pardon, eneral. But you're appointed!" Ki-Hktne Victor. THie West. 8. 0.. April 4.?Erakine nllege defeated Bailey Military intitule Monday afternoon. Thie take* the third game of the season nd all are to the credit of Erakine. ear Paris Von Kluck, swinging round the French and British left, as surprised and flanked by a haslly collected French army. Von luck had to pause, draw back, and >an eastward, planning to envelop lis new army with the rest, to tretch to the eat. This caused a tinning of the line which extended lear to the center opposite Focb. nstantly Foch saw his chance. He nncentrated his artillery where it ould be needed. He got his "army f maneuver" ready to strike. Then e waited until September 9 when on Kluck had pulled the line farthit east. All that day Foch's right ?I1 back before the attacking Gerians, drawing the enemy westward s they retreated. This drew ? gap" in the taut German line, and 'och's yelling reserves poured hrough. His concentrated artillery ounded the Prussian guard to ieces in (ho St ? v. ? ?v. V4V/UU umi^urfi. I LH" erman line was broken. Fooh's ictorious poilus tore on. The Ger>an high command quickly ordered he whole line to retreat. Foch nad ron the battle of the Marne. First Aid to Italy.?Foch led the nglo-French army that rushed into taly to stop the Teuton rush across he Venetian pla'DS. Tommies and talians idolize him only less than o his own poilus. Commander at the Comme.?Foch nows the present battlefield better han the average man knows his own >AY, APRIL 5, 1918. U.IIED TROOPS IN BATTLE FORMATION Either Side at Any Moment May Take the Offensive for Resumption of Battles. LITTLE ACTIVITY NOW Past Two Days Has Witnessed Slight Hostilities Along the Entire Front But Big Battles Are Expected. Although the fighting activity along tbe entire front of the new onensive remains slight, there still prevails the^ feeling that soon again battles on a large scale will begin, and with the allied troops after the respite of several day8 strongly arrayed in battle formation and eager to test their strength against that of the foe. From the Somme to the Oise river, along that portion of the battle line which bulges out toward Amiens, Ailly and Hreteuil, the big guns of the opposing side have opened in duels of great proportions, and it apparently is not unreasonable to as sume that either Ride at any moment may take the offensive with their infantry in resumption of a battle which ranks among the greatest the world has ever seen. Since the beginning of the present week there has been no marked change in the alignment of the opposing sides from Arras southward to Chauny. The fighting has lacked the sanguinary character of the previous days, owing in part, no doubt, to the extermely bad weather conditions. Neither the Germans nor the allies have been idle, however, for daily there has been going on a reinforcement of strategic positions, both in man and gun power for the coming engagements upon which it is conceded so mucdi depends for the victors. In the vicinity of Lens artillery duels of intensity have been revived on some sectors and in Heigium at various points reciprocal shelling continues. In both these regions, however, the infantry has kept to the trenches, except for patrols and re< onnoitering purposes. An American sector htu been heavily attacked with gas. In the Italian theattr there still is I no indication of when the expected big battle between the Italians and the Tuetonio allies will burst, but daily there is increasing activity all along the front. Along the various fronts the airmen of both sides are keeping up their intensive activity, bombing positions behind the lines, searching out troope and transport movements and engaging in aerial combats. The French war office reports more than 13 tons of projectiles having been dropped on German railroads and Noyan and also in the region of Roye in the Arras front. The Germans last week did not keep up th'ur successful submarine campaign of the nrevtnim uci.li a-i?_ _ r ' | np sunk only 16 British merchantmen as apainst L'H durinp the previous seven days. In their operations apainst the Italians three steamers of more than 1,500 tons and 10 sailinp ships were destroyed. mttiik doing on the FRONT ON WEDNESDAY T'aris, April 3.?The war office announcement tonipht says: "There was no infantry action durinp the course of the day. Quite violer.t artillery fiphtinp was maintained in the repion north of Montdider. especially between Dumuin and Haopard-En-Santerre. It was quie everywhere else." (Tuesday.) With the passing of the thirteenth day of the new battle of the Somme there came increasing evidence that the great German machine with which it was intended to crush the allied line han almost utterly spent itself. Where previonaly the Germans had thrown men into the fray, not counting the prodigious wastage in killed or wounded. Tuesday saw them decline anywhere to give battle. On the contrary, in what little fighting occurred the Hritlsh and French (Continued on Page 3.) New, subs< OPPOSE TEACHING H ENEMY LANGUAGE , ..C.UB vv.if.irrs ?u e>Ufjprf?S toe an foreign-language newspaper? during Hi the war and to require all aliens to so take out first citizenship papers by to July 1 were withdrawn only after Secretary l^ane cautioned the con- 0f ference that those matters lay out- th stde the field contemplated by the jn gathering. in, In a speech full of invective t,t* against the disloyalty he claimed was ca prevalent to a great extent n some tQ sections of the middle west, former Senator Lafe Young of Iowa urged that the federal government take immediate steps to protect school ?. ] Klldren from the maligmant effects of German propaganda. Diverting from an excoriation of the German-language press, the former senator said. "If the United States senate would expel Senator l' LaFollette. it would be like driving '^ a whole German division from th' a western front. . - in i.. ? ixtuc openeu ibc con-1"" terenre with an address emphasizing p(] need for dealing with the illiteracy problem and outlining the purpose of n! v ? ih the conference. si Among the recommendations offered by Levy Myer was one urging industrial heads to refuse to employ } . men of alien birth unless the intention of taking out citizenship papers first was signified. Another proposed that instruction in academic branches in all non-public schools be 1 given only in English. of Up to SO days ego, in some Nebraska schools, the American nat n fional anthem was unknown. Gerw man hymns always having been the ^ accepted patriotic songs, according to former Lieutenant Governor R. L. p Metc-alf. of the Panama canal zone. In assailing the foreign-language press, he declared that one of Nehraska'n enemy-tongue newspapers gave away on July 4. several months after America entered the war, sou- *a \en'r spoons, bearing the likeness of % the kaise r and Von Hindenbun CHARLIE CHAPLIN TO ^ TOl'R THE CAROL!NAS th th W ill Visit Heven Towns in Xorth Carolina and Two in South jj Carolina. Ft T Washington, April 4 ?Charlie er Chaplin, motion picture comedian, se will start his tour of Virginia and fif the Carolinas in the interest of the b< third Liberty Loon April 11 in I'e- va tersburg. lie will appear in Rich- ro mond that night. The remainder of his itinerary follows: ^ April 12. Rocky Mount, N. C\, 10 th a. m.; Wilson. 1 p. m.; Raleigh. 5 th p. m. and 8 p. tn. gs April 13, Greenshoro, N. C.. 11 a. m.; Winston-Salem. 2 p. m.; Lexlngton. 6 p. m ; Salisbury, 8 p. m. April 15, Columbia, S. C? after- d< noon, and Sumter, 8. C., that even- iz' in*. El ot th Shackle ton at Panama. Panama, April 4- Lieut. Sir Krn- pj est H. ShackVeton, the explorer, ar- rf rived here today from Chile, where ar he hae been enjcaxed on a diplomatic _ miMion. Americanization Conference A1 H so "Roasts" the Foreign Tongue Newspapers. FIGHT ON ILLITERACY Tl Representatives ol Every State, ^ Including Many Governors Held Conference in Washing ton Wednesday. "Washington, April 4.?Representatives of every state, including more ini than a dozen governors, met here * 1 yesterday at an Americanization oon- su ference, called by Secretary Lane, of the interior department* to draft recommendations to congress for legislation providing for a national a(* campaign against illiteracy. to The opening session was given *? over largely to denunciations of the Al foreign language press and the teaching of enemy tongues in the elemen- re tary schools. ne Resolutions of Levy Mayer of < hi- Br cnpn lircintr * " * * mmmmmmmmmm I . "RIFTION S2.Mi A YEAR EAVY ATTACKS BY TEUTONS RESUMED tin Advances in Direction of Hume! and Hois de Vaire and Chains Some (*round. HE FRENC H MAKE RAIDS erlin Claims Repulse of Four Allied Attacks Southwest of Moreuil?Armenians Recapture Erzerun from the Turks. After everal days of comparative activity along the battle front iu cardy, bitter fighting has been remed along the western sector of e salient in the linee of the ennte allies. Attacks by the Germans ainst the British and French are mitted to have yielded some gains the invaders in the critical seers just to the east of the city of mens. The fighting, according to latest ports, has been heaviest in the ighborhood of Hamel, where the itifh were forced back slightly, d in the triangle formed by the vers Luce and Avro, farther to the uth. where the French were forced give ground. Nothing is known as to the details the battles in these sectors, hut e tact that the Germans have been a degree successful would seem to rticate that they have succeeded in inging up some of their heaviest nnon and new divisions with which continue their attempts to cap re Amiens. Heavy Kan* Reported. Reports from the French and Brith fronts have mentioned heavy ins, which would mean that th? ?rmans have been working under a vere handicap in bringing up ins, ammunition and supplies to the ont. The battlefield over which e allies have retreated was left in devastated condition, the roads and idges be ing mined by the retreatg forces. The lull in the battle for e last few clave probably was cuusI by the inability of the Teutons to cue their heavy supply trains over ese roads, together with the neces-? ty ol" reo!ganiz.ng the shattered visions which bote the brunt of the .'hting after they had passed the st field of tire of their heavier ins. The British. s<r.ie retaking Ayette'. H'.th of Atras. have not resumed Kir offensive c.p? rations, so far as ported hy London, but the German ficial statement says that four atcks by the entente forces against ie hights southwest of Moreuill ere repulsed with heavy losses here are no reports of fighting expt outpost encounters along the tench lines cm the Oise river. There have been heavy artillery mibardmont ^ of British positions on M?nl. ? ? n-n?e, me Armenians have organ pd an army and have recaptured rzerum from the Turks, as well an her points in the neighborhood of at city. The landing of German troops in Inland is apparently going forward, iports stating that 40.000 men have rived at Hango, a fortified port on (Continued on Page Four.) , mru.u iu??u ami at rassschenrele, east and northeast of Ypres, fording to London. As yet, hower. th<*re is notning to foreshadow i effort ty the Germans to attack ero. Confronting them are well rtified lines and high ground held the British and it is improbable at a serious attempt to break rough will he made in that sector. French fluids Successful, On the French front before heims and Verdun raiding operating have been carried out by the -ench, which have been successful. he French report heavy artillery igagements north of Montdidier, :t ctor which has witnessed savage :hting and where the Germans hav en foiled in their efforts to a<l rtce toward the Paris-Amiens rait ad. Nothing has been reported from e Italian front and It is not likely at an attack has been launched ere by the Austrians, who have ithered an enormous army foi a >ssible drive southward into the ains of northern Italy. Driven to take measures for their . m * *