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]? Pec | TOMBIGBE Zeke Candler, representative fror Mississippi, worships the Tomblgbe 1 river so fervently that In Washington he Is known as Tomblgbee Candler am the stream Is called the Caudler Tore blgbee. * Each year the treasury opens am pours a mellow stream of gold Into th Tomblgbee for Improvement purposej and each year, In praise of this grn clous act. on the pnrt of Uncle San: Tomhlgbce Zeke arises In his place oi the floor of the house and sings a son of praise lommgnee Candler made no speed this yenr. Consequently when the Iter was reached ?u the rivers and harbor bill Representative Madden rolled i Chicago stone crusher Into the hous and endeavored to smash the Totnl>l? bee's $35,000. "TMs is an unimportant river," h said with a grin. "But It Is a very beautiful one? suggested Nick Longworth. At this point Zeke Candler nrose that If the Tomblghee was stricken f "Is that so?" said Jim Mann. "W where this river Is slurrlngly referred know whether the gentleman calls Beckby, two names." "Even the sennte of the United "If it were an august body of Idiots, of the Tombigbee, because If they i ' United States of America." was"1 i *1 i? ii ?i t IT LANE AND ... of your noble ruce, uhd of the pride all Americans." The Indians were nil given a bad States flag. To each of the women wt CHAMPION Representative Joseph Taggart o Kansas Is quick to resent any slam a tho Sunflower state and bristles u] whenever one seeks to revive bewhls kered Kansas Jokes which were pop ulnr (outside of Kansas) a quarter o a century ago. Knowing Taggart's re gard for the dignity of his'home state several of his colleagues on the liousi Judiciary committee planned a bit o fun. There was a meeting before th< committee, which Tnggart was unabl* to attend, on the woman suffrage reso Asution. A New York lawyer apponret imn behalf of the "antls" and presentee on argument against nutional enfrnn chlseinent of the gentler sex. lie spoke generally and did not refer to on; state now boasting equal rights. Tog gart's colleagues, however, told bin the lawyer had lambasted Kansps. A the next meeting of the committee th? lawyer reappeared. Tnggart was or hand and grilled the New Yorker unn as best he could under the cross-exair When the meeting adjourned the bo severe. The congressman retorted belittle Kansas. The lawyer insisted derogatory to the western couunonwe the people of the state. Taggurt at this moment happened smiling broadly. Explanations folio Yorker, but Is awaiting an opportunit ESTHER CLEVELAW blinded tn the European war that.ass more desirable, and she devoted her | sufferers before she proffered hdjf sex )PLE 1M i < > E CANDLER n f L& @0f, in Ills might ami delivered the ultlmatuit rom the bill the measure could not pass, ell, the senate pnsr^d a bill the other day 1 to ns the Tom Beckby. Now I want to this the Tombl^ce river or the Tom States," replied Zoke with great dignity, would not undertake to change the unme did It would change the history of the * 1 THE SIOUX I Secretary Lane Is nearly always dramatic and some times a little theatrical In his dealing with the coppercolored inhabitants of the western part of the United States. Recently he and a pnrty went to Yankton. S. I>., to confer citizenship on lSd Sioux Indians. He invented a brand new ceremonial and did things up brown, so to speak. Secretary Lane told the Indians that the great White Father had sent him to speak a serious and solemn word. Then each .gliosen Indian was called from the crowd by his white name, handed a how and arrow and directed to .loot it. The secretary then said. "You have shot your last arrow. That means that you ore no longer to live the life of an Indian. You are from this day forward t<? live the IIfo of a white num. But you may keep that arrow, it will be to you a symbol you feel that you come froui the tlrst of ge of American citizenship and a United ?re given a work bag and p purse. OF KANSAS f 1 mercifully. The lawyer defended himself dnatlon. lawyer asked Taggnrt why he had been I that he would not permit any inan to he said nothing that could be considered alth and, In fact, had n high opinion of to look around and caught his colleagues wed. Toggart apologized 1q the New :y to get even with the practical Jokers. ID AIDS THE BLIND Miss Esther Cleveland, daughter of the late Grover Cleveland and known In her early childhood as tho "White House^lahy," has been associated with lted Cross work and Is now aiding (he work of the allies in tho care of the blind at St. Dunstan's college, Regent's park, London. Miss Cleveland was born in Washington during her father's term as president and there ,huve been many false reports of her engagement since she was presented to society. Before going abroad to aid In caring for the blind she devoted several months to studying the system in usa In tho Pennsylvania Institute for the Instruction of the Blind, so when she was ready to offer her services nb? wah qualified to render service. Miss Cleveland had previously been graduated at a training school of uurses and would have been e Oldest in that kind of aid, but so many men were being Istunce for those thus ullllcted appeared time to learning how to ins luct theas vIcml THE LANCASTER NEWS, FEW STATES if GOING WTO DEB1 Only Nineteen of the Forty-Eigh Are-Living Entirely Within Income. OTUFDC PAPC A CUODTAP uiiibitw invk n onunmui In Most Cases, However, Where F) penses Exceed Revenues, Money Is Spent In Securing Permanent Improvements. ' Nineteen of the 48 states comprii ng the United Stutes ure living entirt .y within their incomes. That is, the are paying for all their permanent It? provements and taking cure of all thei Interest charges, us well us puyiug ul their current government expenses, ou of their current revenues. This wu the case, at least in the fiscal yea 1915, according to Uncle Sum's figure: A report prepared by the bureau o ccusus shows that the 19 states whic accomplished this feat were Ne\ I Hampshire, Ohio, Indiana, llllnoh Minnesota, Iowa, North Dakota, Sout Dakota, Nebraska, Delaware, Virginia (leorgla, Florida, Texas, Montana. Ida ho, Wyoming, New Mexico and Wust ington. | The greatest excess of revenues ove total expenditures, $7,303,'207, wa shown by Illinois. Other stntes li which the excess was more than $1 900,000 were Minnesota, with $2,912 390; Texas. $2,359,070; Ohio, $2,205 229, and Washington, $1,076,107. Th greatest per capita excess of revenue over expenditures, however, appear for New Mexico, $1.47; Minnesota with $1.32 is next In order, and Illinois 'with $1.22, stands third. New York Deepest in Debt. New* York went deeper in debt thai nny other state in the Union. Tlia state spent $27,721,204 more than i received in current revenues. Call fornia is second in this list with ai excess of $9,480,110 of expenditure over receipts. Maryland is third wit! nti excess of $4,057,310. The great est per capita excess of expenditure over revenues, $3.38. appears for Call fornia; the next highest, $3.03, fn Maryland, and the third highest, $2.81 for New York. In 29 of the 48 states the excess o expenditures for governmental cost: including interest and outlays for pei manent improvements, over revenue! during the fiscal year 1915, was $55 283,401, or 80 cents per capita. For the 48 states taken togethei the payments for governmental cost: Including interest and outlays for pei rannent improvements, exceeded th revenues by $30,674,487 but the r?-\ i cnues exceeded the current expouse and interest by $58,518,312, an ainoun more than three-fifths as great as tha of the total outlays, which aggregate* $05,102,799. in other words, the state! taken as a group, are paying, fron their revenues, ail their current ex penses nnd Interest nnd more thai three-flftlis of their outlays. Aggregate Revenues $458,232,597. The aggregate revenues of all th states during the yeur were $458,232, 597; the aggregate .expenditures f<? current governmental costs, includlni interest, $390,714,285; and the aggro gate outlays for permanent Improve uients, $95,192,799. Of the total revenues, $.365,513,797 or about four-fifths, represented re eelpts from the various kinds of taxes About half of this amount, $185,870, 319, was derived from the genera property tax, made up of taxes on rea estate and personal property. Of th remainder, the largest item, $82,870, 882, was contributed by special prop erty and other special taxes; $57,931, 110 was raised from business taxe other than on the liquor tralllc; $20, 799,071 came from the liquor traflic $14,808,254 was derived from llcensi taxes other than on business; und $3, 198,155, from poll taxes. Much 8pent on Roads. The total outlays for permanent im |?u*i'ui<'ius uggregaicu It this amount $30,247,593, or nearly one third, was spent for the constructloi j of now roads and the permanent lm provement?such us macadamizing oi paving?of existing ones. In addition '$12,476,122 was 'apportioned by th< states to their counties, municipalities j and other minor civil divisions for us? ; in the construction improvement, am maintenance of roads; and a con siderable portion of this sum woi 1 employed in construction and per | manent improvement. The greutes outlays for roads by individual stutei were reported for New York, $9,393, 750; California, $6,575,260, and Mary lund, $3,773,223. The greatest pel capita expenditure for construction unc permanent improvement of roads, how ever, $2.82, was nmde by Maryland I Only 23 states?the six New Englum states, New York, New Jersey, Penu sylvania. Illinois, Michigan, Wlscon sin, Minnesota, Maryland, Arkansas (xiuisiana, Ida))o, New Mexico, Arizona j Utah, and the three Pacific coast statei I ?expended money directly on the con ' ,<t ruction pnd improvement of road: ; luring the fiscal year, but a number o; 'he other states apportioned sums t< ountles, municipalities, etc., whicl wore spent In the construction and im provement of roads. Fourteen states however, reported neither outlays noi apportionments for this purpose. SEPTEMBER 1, 1916 PROFIT IS UNCERTAIN I Little Encouragement Given Would-Be Drug Growers. Uncle Sam's Experts 8ay High Prices Will Not Justify Extensivs Production of New Crops. The high prices that have prevailed Efor many drugs since the Kuropeun war sturted huve led mauy people to consider the possibility of muklng large protits by growing the plants from which these drugs ure obtained. Uncle Sam's drug specialists, however, have been Inclined to dlsohunii?? m?.?o > of these plans and have replied to inquiries that it is doubtful whether the inexperienced grower can grow these ' ?- plants successfully, or, if he succeeds, 1 J- will find a sutisfuetory market for y his crop. '* The raising of such plants, they r point out, Is u distinct specialty ami 1 ! calls for exuct knowledge and skill lt ' comparable to that needed by the tlor s ' ist who, to satisfy his market, not only ( r i must raise flowers but must produce * blooms at certain seasons and with unf usual characteristics. Of even greater | h importance, however, is the fact that ( v the total amount of drug plants that { t, can be consumed in this country in ^ h tiny year is very small compared with i, our consumption of any of the staple ' i- crops. Overproduction in the case of ( i- drugs is more serious than iu the case of staple crops because staple crops j r such as corn and grain if not sold can s ' be used at home for food or for feed- | n ing stock or chickens. The drug plant, . however, is profitless to the grower _ unless a drug manufacturer will buy it for use in medicine, e It is entirely possible, for example, ( s to grow belladonna from which is de- j s rived atropine and other alkaloids very ( lt valuable iu medicine. The total amount of belladonna plants the entire coun- ' try uses, however, could all be grown ( on a few hundred acres. Because of f the present interruption in the supply , a of belladonna, a few domestic growers j ^ have made a profit recently from this j * crop. A slight expansion of the Indus- ^ l" try would quickly increase the supply 11 beyond the demand and this, together 1 s with importation, wlien resumed, | 'l might soon glut the local market and ( * leave little or no profit to the raiser, s unless an expert market were developed. 1 There are hundreds of other drugs, | ' oils, and spices which are imported ( and which it is possible for this couuf try to produce for itself. In the ag- 'i * gregate, tin? value of these imported articles Is rat tier imposing, as /he ligures indicate that this country has been bringing in and using about ooo,not) annually of the various drugs, p, oils, and condiments. Much of this t, | money undoubtedly van be kept at -1 home. The mistake made by most poo- | e 1 pie who consider raising these crops , r- is that they are inclined to consider s I hem as staple crops, whereas the t ' domestic demand for them is relatively t : small, and no foreign market lias been d developed for them by Americans, i. At the same time those in charge of 11 the work realize that here and there, > where soil and climatic and other cona ditions are right, there is room for certain small industries. For many years ihore lias been a distinct tendency for agriculturists to direct their energies 8 I along limited lines. This is indicated most clearly by certain types of agri- < culture prevailing in the South, where If the farmers have confined their efforts very largely to the cultivation of a single crop. These small crops may therefore otTer to a few farmers opportun ities in highly specialized lines of pro duction which will divert to a certain ' degree the activities of capital and labor from some of the crowded indus' i tries and also supply peculiar products ' i for which the country lias been spende lag money abroad. The drug speclal* ists point out, however, that prices of K these articles prevailing under the * present disturbed conditions are abs normal and therefore should not he rer garded as a safe basis on which to es tlmate regular returns from such acB tlvltles. BUSINESS MEN TO BE BUSY ? - Germany, Preparing for Expected Acf tlvity After War, Proposes to Fit Up Offices in Train*. Great business activity is expected i in *tiTinany Hirer ine y T, according j 1 , to Talbot .T. Albert, Uy-.o Sam's con- ^ s will nt Brunswick, GoA.nnny, and the , 1 i, question Is being discussed In the 1 i Brunswick press as to the advantages * 1 of having special compartments In the 1 - cars of express trains for business j ' h men. It Is suggested that these com- ' - partments be fitted up with a table ' t covered with green cloth, suitable 1 * chairs, writing materials and other tip proprlate articles, this special service i f - being analogous to sleeping and dining f r car service. It is believed that there * I will be a demand for such cars, and - that business men will gladly pay an , ' . ; extra fare for the conveniences fur- 1 1 J uislied. i ' - j The chambers of commerce of two ' - | cities have already sent the wi Ulster ( , | of public works petitions for the intro, ductlon of tills improvement, the rull- 1 4 roads being under national control. ' \ 4 Alum Output Grows. f The report of the United State*, bu- * > reau of the census on the production l of alum in the United States shows J - that the total output for 1914 was 313,i, 712,000 pounds, valued nt $8,407,009 I | r compared with 270,294,000 pounds, v>.vl ] ued at $3,022,356, ?n 1909. Miumtional sunmsoiool Lesson (By K. O. SELLERS. Acting D rector ol the Sunduy School Course of the Moody Bible Institute, Chicago.) (Copyright. 1S16. Western Newspaper Union.) LESSON FOR SEPT. 3 KAUL, THE HEKO. WESSON TEXT?II Cor. 11:21-12:10. GOLDEN TEXT?My grace is sufficient .'or thee; for my power is mailt perfect In weakness.-II Cor. 12:9. This letter raises interesting questions for research and discussion, such as: 1. Whul is the difference between i'aul's heroism and that of a soldier? 2. Is war essential to the development jf heroism? 3. Which courage is hightr, moral or physical? I.Paul, the Hero (11 :121-122). To a ma*? of u sensitive nature, craving perfection, sarcasm stirs up the deepest bitterness of the soul. We do not believe I'aul primarily desired to n fuse these false charges?they were unworthy of tiitn?but the knowledge of his sufferings for the cause of Christ and the truth of tlie gospel would augment his power to serve the church. For vhe sake of those whom he had reclaimed from heathenism he was willing to joem to he boasting. Literally he 'ays: "I speak by way of disparagement (of myself) s:s though we had jeen weak," yet he adds: "Whereinsoever any is hold, I am bold also." Paul tiafl as much to boast of as any one ">{ his Jewish opponents (v. 121). "Are. they Hebrews? (Of the purest blood, at" one nation and language?) So am [." Are they Israelites, worshiping inly one God? Are they of the seed of Abraham, inheritors of the ministry of lie promise and the Messianic hope itul tlie kingdom of God? Are they ministers of the Messiah, seeking to iring all men into his kingdom? "I (peak as n fool. I speak as otic beside tilmself. I am more." In labors he ivas inor< abundant: lie had occupied i largo! field with great'r results. In stripes above metisur*.?those inflicted l?y the heathen were not limited to forty blows?besides other beatings referred to in this list. In prisons oft (Acts lb ITeipi tdiy exposed to death and to the perils of robbers by land ami sea (v. 124). "live times I received forty stripes, save one, from the Jews" (v. "Thrice was I beaten with rods; once was I stoned" (Acts. 11:13). "Thrice I suffered shipwreck," evidently uol record d in Acts, for bis shipwreck on the way to ltoi.ia was later. "A night and a day in tlie deep," this not otherwise recorded. "In journcylngs often," suffering from tlie perils of hard travel, often on foot lu uncivilized regions. "In perils of ivutor," literally "In rivers." I'.ridges tvere rare, and lloods sudden and fro [pient. "In perils of robbers." Every road In Asia Minor then as now was 'nfested with robbers. "In perils of lis own countrymen"In perils by lie Gentiles;" "In perils in the city;" 'In perils in the wilderness;" "In perls in the sea" from storms, rocks, plntes; "In perils amnio; false brethren"?Judnlsing touchers who were telf-seekiiig instead <>f making the gos>el first (Gal. 2:4; II Cor., 11 :1b). "In veariness end pamfuiness," literally in alior and travail; "In watching* oftm;" repeated nights of sleeplessness Iue to anxiety or pain. "In hunger and hirst, in fastings often," hunger unsatistied for a long time. "In cold and lakedness;" in the mountain passes >adly shod and badly clothed. Besides hose tilings which were without, initlinerablc other trials such as the are of or anxiety ov?t the churches :vv. rut). II. God's Sustaining Grace (12:1-10). To Paul God gave < no of the greatest asks over committed to man, viz.. the limiting of the gospel in heathen nnds; founding churches; teaching hem tlie gospel truths of the l.ord Jems. He wrote to these churches twelfths of the New Testament, thirteen >f Its twenty-seven hooks, and this vork was accomplished under the ;rcutest difficulty, trials and suffering. To sustain and guide, the Lord gavo tlm "visions and revelations" (v. 1). Those rpvpliitiAna ptitoo lie very beginning of bis Christian life mil continued in every great crisis, riie first was given at bis conversion, rwenty years before this letter was vritten, when he saw Jesus In Ilis tlory and received his marching orlers. Again (vv, 2-4), fourteen years lefore, or about A. I>. 43. when he was n Antloch and first entered upon his 'oreign missionary work. He obtained lis gospel directly from the Lord. Subicquentiy lie had other visions to sus.ain and guide him. Teachers ought to siudy tliis en'iro section beginning at chapter 10. Paul says that as an apostle be did not la)or In the fields of others (10:14-l.r?). He was not nnicli concerned by what lis enemies might say. As to his opinion of them, read hnpter 10. Ashamed to boast, yet for h( Ir sakes he meets tlieir foolish tliarges by giving us this record. Ilecauseof these sufferings (v 10) he akes pleasure in infirmities, repron oil's and persecutions; "For when I am veak" (in my own strength) then } un strong tlirougii Clirlst who strengthens nio" He may ho n fool in glorying, cotn lolled to as he hud been, yet his work ind been accompanied by the sigtfs of in apostle, and he was not to be beilnd the very chlefest. although him ?elf he was nothing. Ill FARM * ANIMALS HOG CHOLERA RECOMMENDED ' Device le Paying Proposition and WliS Save Trouble?Animals Soon Learn Its Use. There seems to ho very little said about the hog oiler and yet It la 1 something that has beeu used ou a ' great many farms for the past year or t\w. I have hRd experience with oilers of different kinds and find thnt the use of a good oiler, that does not I viu^ up, is quite worth while and is a paying proposition, us it will sure n great deal of trouble and neglect, says a writer in an exchange. A great ninny farmers neglect keeping their hogs free from lice and mango simply because it Is so mucb trouble ami annoyance to get them up in n pen ami sprinkle or dip them. The hog oiler not only saves time and trouble, but also saves oil, since mueit oil Is wasted when the sprinkling can is used. There are two distinct kinds of oilers on the market: The cylinder oiler and the upright or post oiler. The oiler that does not waste oil by leaking or overflowing and one that operates easily Is one of the best Investments a hog raiser can make; while the oiler that leaks or clogrf up Witt* dirt is almost useless. If the oiler is set up in n placewhere the hogs congregate every day, such as the feeding pfoce, they will almost invariably use it when they smell the oil. FENCING FOR HOG PASTURES Material Slump in Profits if Animals Are Confined to Pens?Make Barrier "Pig-Tight." The raising of hogs calls for the fencing in of a field or two for hog pasture, for every liogkeeper well knows that there is a very material slump In the profits in pork-growing if the hogs are kept in pens or small runs, obtaining no food except that given them. Of the three prime essentials in a hog pasture?namely pasturage, water supply and feme? the fence is of more importance than most of us realize until a stiff bit of experience sets us thinking. The hoglot fence, of all fences on the farm, needs to bo built substantially and "pig-tight." Any hog pasture fence that is put up lnfrriedly and somewhat Indifferently is n detriment to all concerned?to the rest of the farm, to the fanner and to the ln.gs, even. Si-iORTHORN BREED IN FAVOR Country Church in Northwest Missouri Is Center of Community Devoted tc, Breeding. (By PRANK D. THOMSON.) A country church near Ravens wood,' in nnnmvcst .Missouri, Is the center of n community devoted to breeding Shorthorns. In the past three months the lid members of the organization? and to l<e eligible to membership in this special effort one is required to Prize-Winning Shorthorn. .lve within five miles of the church? have acquired 100 registered Shorthorns and 2tx? high-grade cows. Twelve registered bulls have beet* aervK-e. i ne latter, however, arc owned privately by this group of' iiullviduals within the circle. The matter of convenience determined this| Item. The community is known as "Harmony." The Shorthorn circle is but one of various interests which the community is encouraging. ? $ j KNOWLEDGE HELP TO FARMER Good Judge of Stock Offered Many Opportunities to Mingle With Experts and Breeders. The farmer who "has been a goocf i Judge of stock through careful, sysvj tcmntlc study will have a degree of ! recognition and influence in his comI inunity that may offer many opportnj nitles for him to meet and mingle with the best informed live stock men, expert Judg?s, prominent breeders nn?.l officials of shows and other agrieul- , v turnl organizations. He may ilnr*. come in touch with the best methods of breeding ami handling stock, and with men of affairs, ,and hl?; Increased knowledge broaden . flnonce and usefulness to