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Today The Gamecock presents a special report on "Nuclear Winter n _i Ift|nv" and tne prevention ui nuunai w?ai symposium held this past weekend at use. >v- ^S^K^W?jfWM i i ii 1 i 1 i I l& :_ ^mEfflS& f ^|IMlg^H^wjj^p'fe^^gp|^^Ka^ Warnke opens talks Pho,?b*W( Former SALT negotiator Paul Warnke opened USC's Nucle Winter conference Thursday by stressing optimism for tl up coming arms talks between the United States and t1 Soviet Union. Experts quarrel By John Dainer absence of While agreeing that nuclear war has be between no winners, two experts disagreed surrender," Saturday on how one can be Kennedy prevented. left the wc Robert Kennedy of the U.S. Army and he dot War College and Robert Johansen of with Russia the World Policy Institute had their own battle during a panel on the JOHAN1 politics of nuclear war prevention. task by say exists that "It is the credible threat of more stabli violence. . . that might result in one's "The bj actions which lead to war and peace," unlikely t Kennedy said, adding that a foreign Johansen nation must believe in a threat's theorists h credibility for deterrence to work. rence idea having ma IN DETERRENCE, a nation must While believe that another can inflict pain nuclear wa and would be willing to do so if con- conventior fronted; he said. must be al : Kennedy said, "Deterrence depends The ste{ on a balance of certainty and uncer- vent nucl< tainty," explaining that the Soviet ferent froi Union must know that the United ciples Ken States wouid be willing to strike, but can't know how or when. JOHAIV Leaving doors open to different op- should im I tions of nuclear attack renders the tion of de |^dcterrence^^ Gator. Continued from page 1 "There's no good way to do this," Chiles said, "We' looking for a better way." K IV tlivu 111V vailipv/ui 1 Ul UV(\V13 V\J 111C VIVUIOUU'Vl game during which there was a report of physical violen theOoliseum was vandalized. THERE WERE also numerous complaints of illnes students who endured the cold for a chance to buy a CWles said. He added that this is exam time, and neither the st nor the SG members who would organize the campou the time to devote to waiting for tickets. Chiles said the change of distribution methods was a tivrt H#?r>i?ir?n hv the Student Government, the athletic < ment, university administration, the Athletic/Comi Relatfbns Committee of the Off-Campus Student Affa t free, and coliseum officials. \ Nuclear war By Joa Jackion Earth could be dark and frozen for two months if one-third of the world's nuclear arsenal were exploded, a biologist said Friday. Smoke from burning cities and forests could block Earth's normal I amount of solar energy, said George Woodwell of the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole, Mass. Sunlight reaching Earth could be reduced 90 percent, dropping average surface temperatures to well below freezing, he said. I_, aaaress in mc Gambrell Auditorium was part of the three-day USC symposium, "Nuclear Winter and the Prevention of Nuclear "If we anticipate somehow or other surviving (nuclear war), then we have to anticipate living in the world that exists subsequent to such an exchange of weapons," Woodwell said. The darkness and extremely cold ?* ? a | I Humanity must cnoo Nuclear vi By Laura Dannhardt Humanity must make a "moral aboi arms policy if it hopes to avoid annihilal L.T. Matthiesen said Saturday at the "Is the Prevention of Nuclear War" sympc I Echoing the conclusions of U.S. bishops, Matthiesen said in his speech,'t Ethical Considerations," that nation justify use of nuclear weapons, and such be accepted as deterrents on the c "minimal and transitional." " 'From now on, it is only through cc deliberate policy that humanity can ar quoting Pope John Paul II. he he "THE KEYSTONE of recent nucleai the teaching that war between the So\ on nuclear v options, the choice would States should als holocaust and pre-emptive not test nuclear he said. The Russians stressed that deterrence has join once the ba >rld "remarkably stable," posing that a si isn't expect a nuclear war on nuclear arm; i in the near future. "I'm aware tl taken by these s SEN TOOK that remark to don't see a singl ing no substantial evidence it to see (if the international system is responds." s because of deterrence. ilance of power system is OTHER STI o keep peace forever," taken to prever said, adding that war ave made the nuclear deter- Increase sn safe, rather than deterrence publicly pledgii de the world safe. to countries w deterrence may prevent rently position* r, it leaves the door open for Freeze the lal warfare, and all war armed forces ? solished, he said. military bases. >s Johansen outlined to pre- Establish \ ;ar war were radically dif- The high n the more established prin- space should I nedy spoke of. tional force, si demilitarized * JSEN SAID the arms race race continue, mediately slop and produc- The panel d fensive weaponry should be "Nuclear Wir ry's only aim. The United of Nuclear Wj Verdict. Continued from re just advantage of that. Rossi, who disappeared Sept. irolina from the Woodhill Mall, was fo ce and Sept 20 in a wooded area southeas Columbia. She had been shot tl times and sexually assaulted. ;ses by AS part Qf his defense, Joyner': ticket, torney said that Joyner and Nesi had been drinking and that one udents been taking drugs. 11 have In his testimony, Joyner said he Nesmith approached Rossi in the p collee- 'n8 'ot at the mall with the intentic iepart- stealing the car to return to N tnunity Carolina. irs OfPierce declined to take the s would mear temperatures could persist for "weeks, perhaps months" in the hemisphere of the blasts, most likely the northern half of the globe, he said. Woodwell said the scenario was based on the detonation of 5,000 megatons of nuclear devices. One megaton is equal in explosive power to one million tons of TNT. There are 15,000 megatons of nuclear bombs in the world, he said. WOODWELL SAID some of the evidence he presented was "secondhand" information derived from raraornk Ul/ Kinlrtoictc mpfprtmlnoictu. lC3V,ai VII \J J L/JV/IV^IOU, lliv^vv/. ^.X/D.WW, and other scientists. Woodwell also used the research data to describe the results of a ten Al J /%? rtv/>Knnno hp lIIUU)(tllU UlCgdlVJIl bALliailgC, ?T||IV1I IV. said could immediately kill 1.1 billion people. Another 1.1 billion could die later of the after-effects of the blast. He said the total number dead could be one-half of the world's population of 4 on tn In/o ou iu iivu iar immoral, United Slates c it-face" in nuclear mutually assurec ion, the Most Rev. doctrine assuni Nuclear Winter and can be maint? icinm Hf?finifplv ? an Roman Catholic tion that "flies i ieyond Deterrence: of experience," s cannot morally Nations must i weapons can only attempts to ondition they be nuclear superic 4 'stop addin nscious choice and 'defense' that is survive,' he said, ting preparation he said. Be Americans and tl r doctrine has been are shifting to /iet Union and the force strategy, c m in both techi Af in-tni" superiority and fll B I 1 1 ftf I ing' Matthiesen vwiai*wi "The virtues c best. It is destab n innnnnpA tKif it n/ill ? ,v uiiiiuuuvv Hid 11 viriii limited nuclear > weapons. to fighting such ; should be asked to ti0n to all-out n m begins, he said, pro- Even Strategic milar ban be imposed touted as safeg 5 deployment. perpetrator for \ le president may not be not oniy neglig iteps," he said. "But 1 ground- and sej le reason for not trying idea aggression .. o * T ? v inc auviei union; tt tjy \JAKE words like 've iPS he said should be C?,UT ,t nuclear war: Bulld'ng and. vances the possi ,, , ments' prioritie lall nations security by .. c \ ig not to send forces in- f ^ lr?a sens^ ' here they are not eur- fed' thos^ wh? quoting Presid< , ethical and poli movement of arms anri ! ind the construction of . mora a ( nuclear arms ai 3cace zones. Humanity mus seas, the Antarctic and dominate the w be ruled by an interna- ,h<;"?rld- he ince they will have to be e. rnyway should the arms Afghan,stan as Speaking of th 'Tapiip mill' I . i , j A, IV/VU3 U1 tVll liscussion concluded the c.u ... iter and the Prevention f'"s us w,th ac s' ar" conference. !he ex'enI of 0 he said. page 1 WHEN ASKING for an explana 17 of the conspiracy charges during t una deliberations, the jury was told by 1 ?f judge that the possible guilt of the ^ree ties under the principle of laws in ! might be determined by "comi 5 at- design." nith Common design, as explained b) had judge, means the crimes were com ted by the men together. The orij and plans were made together but iark- have been changed due to 44na! ?n of and probable consequence." A Ta - . ?... uiui /\iier me jury s deliberations, judge told the defendants they been "models of decorum throug tand. the trial," and warned them to n i cold world billion. The smoke clouds might not disperse enough to allow half of the sun's light to reach the surface in the : Northern Hemisphere until eight mon- I ths after the blasts, Woodwell said. t The result would be a drop of 43 K degrees Celsius for four months, ( Woodwell said, adding that the I temperature would still be three degrees below normal after a year. j WOODWELL SAID, besides the I severe climatic changes, survivors B might also have to deal with "the flpctrnrlinn r?f all thncp tprvirpc that iup ! normally depend on in our fossil fuel powered society." p The destruction of machinery could [cause difficulty in extracting oil and J iron ore, Woodwell said. The result would be a virtual Stone Age level of technology, he said. priest says an be prevented through the threat of I destruction of each other," he said. The es peace 'ompeting nological Tko klnot Dauarknit id " .. 1 iiu mvoi iiuvvi uhu stockpil- Lj Matthjesen said. )f counterforce strategy are problematic at >ilizing. It enables us to think of waging a A'ar and lowers the threshold of resistance a war, with all the possibilities of escalauclear warfare," he said. : Defense Initiative, a space defense system I uarding property and lives, is actually a var, Matthiesen said. The defense system is ent in defending the United States from i-launched missiles, but it gives people the is "given, innate and indelible," he said. ; :S negotiations obsolete and makes escape | rifiable' redundant,' " Matthiesen said, ] in in Commentary magazine. stockpiling nuclear weapons not only adbility of war, but also questions the govern- j s, he said. Military spending "signifies in a theft from those who hunger and are not ] ' are cold and are not clothed," he said, < ;nt Dwight Eisenhower, and urged a new itical thinking about nuclear weapons. j >ut-face would require the dismantling of nd the "mindset of war," Matthiesen said. f ahanHnn th#? illncionc fhat nnp nafion can orld and that any nation "has a right to rule said. s have as little right to try to dominate ; we had to attempt to dominate Vietnam, le Soviet Union as an 'evil empire' or the locates evil at a flattering distance from us, snse of righteous exemption and blinds us to ?ur own contribution to human suffering," tion tain that behavior while the verdicts heir were read. r the The spectators and defendents were par- all quiet as the five counts were read. S.C. The defendents showed no emotion as mon the jury delivered the guilty verdicts. PIERCE'S MOTHER, Mamie, also / the showed no emotion as the guilty vcrmit dirt in hpr snn'c facp uuac rpa/i Rllt she ?inal said the verdict was not what she exmay pected. "He did not do any of those lural charges," she said. "I just have never been through anything like this." the Mrs. Pierce, from Raleigh, N.C., had said she and her son had talked yesterhout day mostly about the Lord. "He's very laill- relicimic " caiH ---p. V V.I/J ?JI IV JUIU.