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South (Caroliniaria?.-.Library ' 'Horseshoe jl 1 PtWIHi Jgofrjiimu _j, 1 III I WBMWB?MWBBM?WWWCM .BIMIIMMIII?i??WWWBHBM? Ill ! ! II 11 I II I ! I M 1 III IH W ..' - * * Education roundup p. 4 ^a^^aat^ iiflfBfiii nffWui ^?b& 1 ? ?"?.? tionniccoch c"?"ne Exchange prog By Marisa J. Porto The USC-Shanxi Exchange Program has sent 20 professors and graduate students to China since the program began three years ago at USC, director Hilel Saloman said. USC President James Holderman initiated the program in 1981. The exchange agreement was signed in 1980. A group of 10 USC members are permitted to visit Shanxi University and stay a year. Chinese professors are permitted to reside at USC for two years. According to Salomon, there have been time exceptions on both sides of the agreement. "THE GOAL of the program is to exchange both scholarly information and scholars. If a student is interested, they have to show a true commitment to Chinese studies. We'd like to include students who are interested in research," Saloman said. The programs' qualifications for graduate students are a knowledge of the Chinese language and preparation for Chinese politics and study through one or more departments. Another qualification for the participants is dedication to academic excellence, Saloman said. Facultv narticinants do not need pxfpncive nrpnarafinn fr?r the Chinese program. The intent of each candidate is reviewed on an individual basis. Chinese studies are not mandatory for faculty participants. Salomon, who has been the director for three years, said because of the cultural revolution in China, most of the Chinese participants do not have degrees and are treated as a combination of faculty and graduates. MANY CHINESE participants prefer the engineering or medical colleges at USC, Salomon said. Professor Yane. De-Yu. a hunanitie.<; student, has heen at tending (JSC for seven months as an exchange program member and is professor at Shanxi University. "We came to USC because of the exchange program. Some of us are doing research, but I am taking refresher courses in comparative literature. When 1 was young, I read a lot about this great country and studied the history. At the time, I wish* ed that I could come here. When I got the chance to attend USC, I was very happy," Yang said. Most Chinese coming to the United States experience culture shock, Yang said. "THE UNITED States is known in China as Meig-Uo. This translates in English to 'Beautiful Country.' Most Chinese are impressed with the United States. The young people are optimistic and energetic. We met many people, and they are all helpful and friendly. This is something 1 did not expect," Yang said. According to Yang, another 15 Chinese came to USC last week. Most of these participants are professors of science, but they do not teach here. "We hope that a second exchange agreement will be signed next year. In China, when the agreement was announced, many faculty members wanted to come to the United States. I took English and vocational exams to qualify," Yang said. 1IN THE agreement between the two countries, participants are supported by the universities, Yang said. They are provided with housing, tuition and receive pay every two weeks. "All the Chinese that come here are professors in China. #%? Cnifg res opcblivco Ul UUVI By Chris Handal THE EFFEC As soon as Soviet leader Yuri Andropov have on forei; feels strong enough he will institute reforms government m in the Soviet Union. toward making ? A statement by Armand Hammer when the U.S. negoti he was visiting USC. assumption is If the the top five leaders in the Soviet probably turiv Union wanted to change the country, they States. couldn't because the system is so rigid. And the dan ? A statement made during the defense foreign policy symposium at USC. assumption an< WUU1U Ut Will THESE TWO statements have important when a more implications for our foreign policy and how better. we deal with the Soviets. James Hollai Each statement was made by someone who tional studies j should know what he is talking about. Ar- two statements mand Hammer is a leading industrialist who has a missior has been doing business with the Soviet reasonable pict Union ever since the communists took over. Russians. rAnci the defense symposium was attended He s one c by world leaders who have had to deal with there is a mix the Soviets. Soviet Union < Kg Yet, the statements contradict each other. trys to paint i\ The first appears to say one man can change the course of the Soviet Union. On the other HOLLAND hand, the second statement appears to pre- the Soviets is sent the traditional view that the system, and from "Perspe not the individual, rules the Soviet Union. Policy." I iram brings Chii F* Professor sees mixture of Photo by Tii Tranquility Timothy Bergen, a USC education associate professor, discovered this qu from Old China in his visit to the country as part of the Shanxi Exchange P Only faculty members are allowed to come here through the change exchange program. If the agreement lasts, in the future and ha perhaps some younger students will be allowed to visit. In the "Th past, faculty members have been the priority. 1 think after we superk return to China, we will improve our teaching with what we tunity have acquired here," Yang said. about According to the director, the USC-Shanxi University Ex- relatio ci duiiiimsiiduuii uiiii 'T the first assumption could i gn policy is that the U.S. 110WS cHlctlySlS ight negotiate with an aim , the Soviets more like us. If "I see a group of troubled men ? < iates this way and the second men, for the most part ? whose choic true, those negotiations will possibilities are severly constrained, out poorly for the United "1 sce these men as prisoners ot mai cumstances; prisoners of their own pa ger works both ways. If U.S. their country's past; prisoners of the operates under the second quated ideology to which their extreme l thp first ic frnp neentintinns of orthodoxy binds them; but prisoner: ducted in a tougher manner of certain ingrained peculiarities of tin concilitory tone would work statesmanship of earlier ages ? th genital sense of insecurity, the lack of nd, a government and interna- self-confidence, the distrust of the for srofessor, commented on the and the foreigner's world, the passic "I think Armand Hammer secrecy, the persistent tendency, re< i in life trying to paint a ^rom these other factors, to over< ure or a picture of reasonable creation of military strength." "That's a fairly reasonable view < >f the industrialists who feels Soviet Union," Holland said, "and o ture of good and bad in the pectations^ need to be geared in is there is in any country. He direction." le good," he said. THE UNITED States should not SAII) a nood assessment of "that we're going to make any chang< a passage by George Kennan for godsakes keep dealing with them.' ctives on American Foriegn USC government professor Sederberg said, "I'm not sure Yur lese to USC old, new in China BBy Timothy Bergen Jr. (EDITOR'S NOTE: The following is the first of a two-part series on China. The author is an associate professor in the CoIIppp nf EHumtinn whrt nnr. Htieipated in the USC-Shanxi Exchange Program.) Although Chinese official prolicies .^^3/ I hold there is but one China, for the ..it-'i - I ] visitor there are two: Old China and , - - i New China. - I There is no way in one brief article gv rfH to give more than a superficial picture of the two Chinas, but here are casual jyVl-T j obeservations I made during six months of teaching, lecturing and traveling 'n China. j New China. The New China is peor J pie, over a billion of them, packed into \ the cities, scattered towns and villages I across the endless farmlands, mountains and deserts. The towns and cities are drab, cut with broad throughfares walled in by enormous blocks of public" housing, or packed with tumble-down, nondescript brick hovels in the teeming side streets. There is little that is quaint or picturesque about New China. IT IS difficult to project a meaningful idea of the swarming masses of China. Torrents of pedestrians and cyclists pour down the boulevards of Peking and the main throughfares of the provincial cities. The narrow side streets look like the exits of a football , stadium at the end of a game. The stores in Shanghai are like Macys and I Gimbels dnrine an affpr-C^hricfmnc I Traffic is horrendous. Literally millions of cyclists swarm through the gjggftf; -i streets. Moving through these bicycleborne mobs at breakneck speed, raising a deafening cacophony with their mothy Bergen horns, are the trucks, buses and jeeps. Near misses ? there must be a thousand a second ? are reckoned not in let scene inches, but in millimeters, as these rogram. _ ? 0 a See China, page 3 ' Procram is the laipesf pvrhnnoe nrnnram in the arpa - ?o ? o?-- -*o~ r* "*" L,,v M* vv*' is helped to spread the academic name of USC. e program enhances mutual contact. We are providing ?r education in some areas. We are obtaining an opporfor South Carolinians to try to disseminate information the Chinese and improve the atmosphere for business ns," Salomon said. cult to negotiate dropov would ever live long enough to con> solodate his power. The key is not what Andropov will do but who will succeed him." ilderly No major change in the Soviet system can es and be expected, he said, until the inertia of P !_a L : - - * "TM? ^ - Duviei oureaucracies is overcome*. i ne inerua ny cir- js tliere becuase of "a strong vested interest st and jn tjie status quo," Sederberg said. - ant,~ D.B. Marshall, another government and j sense international studies professor said, "The s, too, Soviet system is not likely to evolve no matter e Rus- what we do with, them." e con' inner eigner )n for NOR IS the Soviet government likely to do suiting anything to result in a major decentralizaio the tion, he said. In the near future though, the Soviets may experiment with their pricing of the system and may reduce their central planning ur ex- a little, he said. that Former Austrialian Prime Minister Malcolm Frraser made the best suggestion for dealing with the Soviets, Marshall said. exnect Prucpr'c cimnpctinn vuac tJio 'iriviptc muct 1 t I UJVi vj O nv/ll UJ I1IV l^V/ ? IVIO ' *' '1 ;s, but be viewed as a powerful enemy with whom we have to live and therefore we must Peter negotiate in a serious manner without illui An- sions, Marshall said.