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CAPITAL AND LABOR Rev. Dr. Talmage Discusses the Industrial Problem. SOME LESSONS DRAWN From Strikes in Various Parts of the Country. a i ruce oetween Labor and Capital. Each Needs the Other. In this discourse Dr. Talmage suggests how the everlasting war between capital and labor may be brought to a happy end. The test is, I Corinthians xii, 21, "'The eye cannot say unto the ' i T i J " nana, i nave no neeu ui met. Fifty thousand workmen in Chicago ceasing work in one day, Brooklyn stunned by the attempt to halt its railroad cars, Cleveland in the throes of a labor agitation and restlessness among toilers all over the land have caused an epidemic of strikes, and somewhat to better things I apply the Pauline thought of my text. You have seen an elaborate piece of machinery, with a thousand wheels ana a tnousana puneys, an uuuuvusu by one great water wheel, the machinery so adjusted that when you jar one part of it you jar all parts of it. Well, human soeiety is a great piece of mechanism controlled by one great and ever revolving force?the wheel of God's providence. You harm one part of the machinery of society and you harm all parts. All professions interdependent. All J All Ail urauca miciucycuu&iiv. of people interdependent. Capital and labor interdependent. Xo such thing as independence. Dives cannot kick Lazaras without hurting his own foot. They who threw Shadrach into the furnace got their own bodies scorched. Or to come back to the figure of the text, what a strange thing it would be if the eye should say: I oversee the entire physical mechanism. I despise the 1- T? *T ocner memDers ui cue uuuy. jh mcio is anything I am disgusted with, it is with those miserable, low lived hands. Or what if the hand should say: I am the boss workman of the whole physical economy. * I have no respect for the other members of the body. If there is anything I despise, it is the eye ?J - - J seaieu uuueir mc uvuic vj. lllg luitu^au doing nothing but look. I come in, and I wave the flag of truce between these two contestants, and I say, ;'The eye cannot say to the hand, 'I have no need of thee.' " That brings me to the first suggestion, and that is, that labor and capital are to be brought to a better understanding by a complete canvass of the wiiole subject. They will be brought to peace when they find that they are identical in their interests. "When one goes down, both go down. When one ? L.i-L . _ an ;il t .rises, mey dosu rise. j.uere wm uc &u equilibrium after awhile. There never has been an exception to the rule. That which is good for one class of so' ciety and that which is bad for one class of society will eventually and in time be bid for all. Every speecli that labor makes against capital postpones the day of permanent adjustment. Every speech that capital makes against labor postpones the day of permanent adjustment. When capital maligns labor, it is the eye cursing the hand. When labor maligns capital, it is the hand cursing the eye. As far as I have observed, the vast majority of capitalists are successful laborers. If the capital ists would draw their glove, yon would see the broken finger nail, the scar of an old blister, the stiffened finger joint. The grent publishers of the country for tlie most part were bookbinders or typesetters on small pay. The gieat carriage manufacturers for the most part sandpapered wagon bodies in wheelwright shops. While, on the other hand, in all our * f* > -i.n.M x large manuiaciuring estaDusniuents yoa will find men on wages who once employed 100 or 500 hands. The distance between capital and labor is not a great gulf over which is swung a Niagara suspension bridge. It is only a step, and the capitalists are crossing over to become laborers, and the laborers are crossing over to become capitalists. Would Cod they might shake hands while they cross. Again, there is to come relief to the ? laboring classes of this country through . t . i i cooperative associations. 1 am not zi this moment speaking of trades unions, but of that plan by which laborers put their surplus together and become ti?cir own capitalists. Instead of being dependent upon the beck of this capitalist or that capitalist they manage their own affairs. In England and Wales there are 813 co-operative associations. They have 340,000 members. They have a capitol of $18,000,000, or what J- A J-11 J 4.1, J ? correBpoaus wuur uuuais, auu tug.y uu a business annually of $63,000,000. Thomas Brassey, one of the foremost men in the British parliament, on the subject says: "Co-operation is the one and the only relief for the laboring populations This is t}iA r>?t,h." he savs. "by which they are to come up from the hand to the mouth style of living to reap the rewards and the honors of our advanced civilization." Lord Derby and John Stuart Mill, who gave half their lives to the study of the labor question, believed in co-operative institutions. The co-operative institution formed in Troy, N. Y., stood long enough to illustrate the fact that great good might come of such an institution if it were rightly carried on and mightily developed. "But," says some one, "haven't these institution sometimes been a failure?" Yes. Every great movement has been a failure at some time. Application of the steam power a failure, electro telegraphy a failure, railroading a failure, but now the chief successes of the world. "But/'says some one, i:why talk of surplus being put by laborers into cooperative associations, when the vast multitude of toilers of this country are struggling for their daily bread and have no surplus?" I reply: Put into my hand the money spent by the laboring classes of America for rum and tobacco, and I will establish co-operative associations in all parts of this land, some of them mightier than any financial institutions of the country. We spend in this country over $100,000,000 every year for tobacco, We spend over $1,500,000,000 directly or indirectly for rum. The laboring classes spend their share of this money. Now, suppose the laboring man who has been expending his money in those directions should just add up how much he has expended during these past few years and then suppose that that money was put into a co-operative association and then suppose he should have all his friends in toil, who had made the same kind of expenditure, do the same thing, and that should be added up and put into a co-operative association. And then take all that money expended for overdress and overstyle and overliving on the part of toiling people in order that ? - - - I they may appear as well as persons wh< have more income?gather that ail up and you could have co-operative associ ationfi all over this bnd. lam not saying anything now abou ' x\ nr<*r?f fr\ 1-ryr\TT txtIio 1 i.Ict'idT' ULllUiiw* I UU ?l O.LA v tv auv? n u%v i I think of trades unions. I think the] I are most beneficial in some directions j and they have a specific object and ir this day, when there are vast monopo lies?a thousand monopolies concentra { ting the wealth of t he people into th< possession of a few men, unless the la boring men of this country and all coun tries band together they will go under There is a lawful use of a trade union but then there is an unlawful use of < trade union. If it means sympathy ii time of sickness. If it means findini work for people when they are out o work, if it means the improvement o: the financial, the moral or the religiou: condition of the laboring classes, tha' is all right. Do not artists band togeth er in an art union? Do not singer; j band together in Handel and Haydn so ! cieties? Do not newspaper men banc together iD press clubs? Do not minis ters of religion band together in con ferences and associations? There i: not in all the land a city where clergy men do not come together, many o: them once a week, to talk over affairs For these reasons you should not blam< labor guilds. When thev are doing their legitimate work, they are most ad mirable, but when they come arounc with drum and fife and flag and driv< people off from th'eir toil, from thei: scaffoldings, from their factories, ther they are nihilistic, then they arc com munistio, then they are barbaric, ther they are a curse. If a man wants to stoj: wnrlr. let him stem work, but he cannol | stop me from work. Bat now suppose that all the laboiin? classes banded together for beneficienl purposes in co-operative association un-der whatever name they put their means together. Suppose they take the monej that they waste in rum and tobacco anc use it for the elevation of their families, for the education of their childrer for their moral,, intellectual and religious improvement, what a different state of things we would have in this country and they would have in Greal Britain. Do you not realize the fact that inec work better without stimulant? Yon sfl.v. ' :Will von denv the laboring men "J 7 v ^ w this help which they get from strong drink, borne down as thsy are with many anxieties and exhausting work?" ] would deny them nothing that is good for them. I would deny them storng drink, if I had the power, bccause it is damaging to them. My father said: "I became a temperance man in early life because I found that in the harvest field, while I was naturally weaker than the other men, I could hold out longei than any of them. They took stimulant and I tooK none." Everybody knows they cannot endure great fatigue?men who indulge in stimulants. All our young men understand that. When they are preparing for the regatta or the ball club or the athletic wrestling, they abstain from strong drink. Now, suppose all this money that is wasted were gathered together and put into co-operative institutions ?oh, we would have a very different state of things from^whatwe have now! I remark again: The laboring classes of this country are to find great relief when they learn, all of them learn, forecast and Providence. Vast numbers of them put down their income, ana thej put down their expenses, and if the income meets the expenses that is all that is necessary. I know laboring men who are in a perfect fidget until they have spent their last dollar. They fly around everywhere until they get it spent. A case came under my observation where a young man was receiving $700 a yeai and earned it by very bard work. The marriage day came. The bride had re ceived S5UU as an inheritance from nei grandfather. She put the $500 in wedding equipment. Then the twain hired two rooms on the third story. Then this man, who had most arduous employment, just as much as he could possibly enduxe, got evening employment so he could earn a few dollars more, and by this extra evening employment almost extinguished his eyesight. Wny did he take this extra eveniDg employment? Was it to lay by something for a rainy day? No. Was it to get a life insurance so that ii he sbonld die his wife would not be a pauper? >~o. It was for the one purpose of getting his wife a $150 sealskin sack. I am just giving you a fact I know. The sister of this woman, although she wa? a very poor girl, was not to be eclipsed, and so she went to work day and night and toiled and toiled and toiled almost into the grave until she got a 8150 sealskin sack! Well, the news went abroad all through the street. Most of the people on that street were laborirg hardworking people, and thej were not to be outshone in this way, and they all went to work in the same direction and practically said, though not literally, "Though the heavens fall, we must have a sealskin sack!" A clergyman in Iowa told me that his church and the entire neighborhood had been ruined by the fact that the people mortgaged their farms in ordered to gc down to the Philadelphia centennial in 1S7G. First, one family would go, then another famiiy, and finally it was not respectable no^ to go to the centennial at Philadelphia, and they mortgaged their lams. ine caurcn ana the neighborhood ruined in that ^ay. Now, between such fools and pauperism there is only a very short seep. In time of peace prepare for war. In time of prosperity prepare for adversity. Yet how many there are who drive on the verge of the precipice and at the least touch of accident or sickness over they go. Ah, my friends, it is not right, it is not honest! He that nrovideth not for his own, ana especially those of his own household, is worse than an infidel. A man has no right to live in luxury and have all comforts and all brightness around him, taking his family with him at that rate?everything bright and beautiful and luxurious, until he stum bles against a tombstone and talis in and they all go to the poorhouse. That is not common honesty. I am no advocate of skinflint saving. I abhor it. But I plead for Christian providence. There are some people who are disgusted if they see anything like economy, such as a nun might show in turning down the gas in the p-irlor when he goes out. There are families actually embarrassed if you ring their doorbell before they have t he hall lighted. There are people who apologize if you surprise them at the table. Now, is it mean or it is magnificent to save just according to what you save for. If it is for the miserly hoarding of it, then it is despicable, but if it means better education for your children, if it means | more house help for your wife when I she is not strong enough to do much I work, if it means that the day of your I death shall not be a horror beyond all endurance because it is to throw youi family into disruption and annihilation and poorhouse, then it is magnificent if it is to divoia all that. Some of the older persons remembei very well Abraham Van >"est of New York, one of its Christian merchants. I ) j He was often called mean because 1 , | calculated so closely. Why did i - calculate so closely. That he mig] have the more to give. There was n t a Bible society, or a tract society, or i reformatory institutton ia the city i j New York but he had a hand in su , porting it. He denied himself mar 1 luxuries that he might give to othe ? TT 7 V - the necessities, ne nas Deen mai - years reaping his reward in heaven, bi ; 1 shall never forget the day w)ien I, - green country lad, came to his houi - and spent the evening, and at the clo; . of the evening, as I was departing, 1 , accompanied me to the steps, can i down off the steps and said: "Her i DeWitt, is $40 for books. Don't sj : anything about it." It is mean or it f magnificent to save, according as yc f save for a good or for a bad object. 5 I know there are many people wl h Uatta f/% cotr onroinof eitrincrc Vvo -n 1 u uav^ muvu w oaj uuuj and life insurances. I have to tell yc r that the vast majority of the hom - steads in this country has been the r 1 suit of such institutions, and I have 1 - tell you also that the vast majority < - the homesteads of the future for tl 5 laboring classes will be the result i - such institutions. It will be a gre; f day for the working classes of Englar . and the United States when the worl i ingman can buy a barrel of flour instea ; of flour by the small sack, when he ca - buy a barrel of sr.gar instead of sug: i by the pound, when he can pay cas i for coats and hats and shoes rather tha r pay an additional amoant for the re: i son that he has to get it all charged. Again I remark, great relief is I i come for the laboring classes of th ) country by appreciation on the part < t employers that they had better tai their employees into their confident > I can see very easily, looking from m t standpoint, what is the matter. Ea ployes, seeing the employer in seemic > prosperity, do not know all the strait: r all the hardships, all the losses, all tt I annoyances. They look at him an they think. "Why, he has it eas: ' and we have it hard." They do n< i-**,/-vttt fvtof of fv>of ttottt tnomonf. t V> p pn fkiiVVT buau QiU VUUV T \**.J v.^v x/? ' ployeris at the last point of desperatio ' to meet his engagements. j I know a gentleman very well wh has over a thousand hands in his en t ploy. I said to him some years ag L when there was great trouble in the h t bor -market, "How are you getting o with your men?" ::Oh!" he said, have no trouble." ''Why," I saic "have not you had any strikes?" "01 no," he said, "I never had any troi ble." "What plan do you pursue? He said: "I will tell you. All my m - know every year just now matters sta Every little while I call them togetL. ; and say: :Xow, boys, last year I ma 1 . so much; this year I made less; so y< sec I cannot pay you as much as I di last year. Xow. I want to know wlu you think I ought to have as a percen! age out of this establishment and whs wages I ought to give you. You kno I put all my energy in this busines; put all my fortune in it and riske everything. What do you really thin I ought to have ?nd you ought to have By the time we come out of that cor sultation we are unanimous. Thei never has been an exception. Whe we prosper, we all prosper togethei when we suffer, we all suffer togethe: and my men xould die for me." Xo? let all employers be frank with the: . employees. Take them into your conf | denes. Let them know just how ma - ters stand. There is an immense amour . of common sense in the world. It: ; always safe to appeal to it. , I remark, again, great relief will 3oie , to the laboring classes ]of this countr through the religious rectification of i Labor is honored and rewarded in pr< I portion as a community is Christiani: . ed. Why is it that our smallest coi . in this country is a penny, while i China it takes a half dozen pieces ( . coin or a dozen to make one of our per . nies in value, so the Chinese carry th cash, as they call it, like a string ( , beads around the neck? We nev< . want to pay less than a penny for an] thing in thi3 countrv. They must pa ! that which is worth only the sixth pai , or the twelfth part of a penny. Heatl . enism and iniquity and infidelity d< . press everything. The gospel of Jesu , Christ elevates everything. How do r account for this? I account for it wit the plainest philosophy. The religio ; of Jesus Christ is a democratic religioi L It tells the employer that he is a brotl , er to all the operatives in the establisl ment?made by the same God, to lie i i . i 11 j r toe same aust ana to De savea Dy ijo , same supreme mercy. It does nc j make the slightest difference how muc r money you have, you cannot buy yor [ way into the kingdom of heaven. ] ! you have the grace of G-cd in your heai [ you will enter heaven. So you see it: a democratic religioD. Saturate 01 , population with this gospel, and labc r will be respectful, labor will be rewarc ed, labor will be honored, capital wi [ be Christian in all its behavior, an [ there will be higher tides of thrift sc in. Let me say a word to all capitalist: i Be your own executors. Make invesi . ments for eternity. Do not be lik s some of those capitalists I know wb > walk around among their employee i with a supercilious air or drive up t i the factory in a manner which seem ; to indicate they are the autocrat of th . universe, with the sun and moon i . their vest pockets, chiefly anxiou i when they go among laboring men nc to be touched by the greasy or smircl i ed hand and have their broadcloth ir ' jured. Be a Christian employer. He member those who are under you - charge are bone of your bone and fies : of your flesh, that Jesus Christ die ! for them and that they are immortal Divide up your estates, or portions c ; them, for the relief of the world befor i you leave it. Do not go out of th world like that man who died in Ne1 . York leaving in his will $40,000,00C . yet giving how much for the church o ; God how much for the alleviation c human suffering? He cave some mon . ey a little while before he died. Tha was well, but in all this will of $4C . 000,000 how much? One million , No. Five hundred thousand? Nc One hundred dollars? No. Tw cents? No. One cent? No. Thes great cities groaning in anguisl] nations crying out for the bread o everlasting life. A man in a wi] giving $40,000,000 and not 1 cent t : God! It is a disgrace to our civiliza tion. Or, as illustrated in a lette which I have concerning a man wh departed this life leaving between $5 000.000 and $8,000,000. Not on , dollar was left, this writer says, t , comfort the aged workmen and work women, not SI to elevate and instruc i the hundreds of pale children wh stifled their childish growth in the hea i and clamor of his factory. Is i strange that the curse of the childre , of toil follows such ingratitude? Hoi well could one of his many million have been dispursea for the presec and the future benefit of those whos hands had woven literally the fabric o 1 the dead man's princely fortune. ( capitalists of the United States, b your own executors! Be a Georg r Peabody. if needbe, on a small scale God has made you a steward. CU Dis le charge your responsibility. le My word is to all laboring men ht this country: I congratulate you ot your brightening prospects. I co a gratulate you on the fact that you a of getting your representatives at Alban p- at Harrisburg and at Washington. ly have only to mention such a man rs the past as HeDry Wilson, the sho iy maker: as Andrew Johnson, the tailc at as Abraham Lincoln, the boatma a The living illustrations easily occur se you. This will go on until you w: se have representatives at all the hea ie quarters, and you will have full justic ie Mark that. I congratulate you also e, the opportunities for your childre iy I congratulate you that you have is work and that when you are dead yoi m children will have to work. I congratulate you also on your o io portunities of information. Pla cs> paid $1,300 for two books. Jeron iu ruined himself financially by buyii e- one 'aolame of "Origen." "What ya e- opportunities for intelligence for yc to and your children! A workingim ;>f goes along by the show window of son ie great publishing house, and he sees jf book that costs $5. He says: ' at wish I could have that information, td wish I could raise $3 for that cost and beautiful book." A few montl id pass on, and he gets the value of th m book for 25 cents in a pamphle ir ThArA nfvpr snr>h a dnv fnr tl ill workingmen of America as this cU .11 and the day that is coming, a- I also congratulate you because yoi work is only prefatory and introduce :o ry. You want the grace of Jesi is Christ, the Carpenter of Xazaret! )f He toiled himself, and he knows ho :e to sympathize with all who toil. G e. his grace in your heart, and you cs iv sin? or the scaffoldins amid the storn v ? * i"i w l- in the shop shoving the plane, in tl ig mine plunging the crowbar, on shi 3, board climbing the ratlines. He wi te make the drops of sweat on your bro d glittering pearls for the eternal corone 7, Are you tired? He will rest yoi >t Are you sick? He will give you hel] i- Are you cold? He will wrap you i n the mantle of his love. Who a: they before the throne? "Sir," yc ,o say, "their hands were never callcusc i- with toil!" Yes, they were. Yousa] ?:mi ? x>__A "Li: ~j. j ;0 JLaeir ieet were uever unsiereu i- the long jonrney.." les, they wer n buc Christ raised them to that hig I eminence. Who are these? ;'The: 1, are they that came out of great tribul j, tion and had their robes washed an i- made white in the blood of the Lamb. " for every Christian workingim a id for every Christian working woma d *ill be the beginning of eternal hoi r dav. e ^ u xnjs tiituro ajmjj d it r_ What the Department of A^ricnltui Says About Them. The week ending Aug. 14,1S99, ga^ o rtAnfitinofiAH n? A OT^OQQI T7 Tw .> weather that has prevailed alnio: without cessation since the opening < the crop season. The weekly mea e temperature was about 5 degrees abo^ the normal. ' Thunderstorms occurred on the Stl ' 10th and 11th, quite generally over tl I State with, however, localities that ha . do rain in insufficient amounts, whi * generally there was enough, and in Co " leton and Edgefield counties excessi^ rains occurred. In the latter count; LS at Poverty Hill,, nearly nine inchi fell duriDg two showers, floodinghotto: |e lands, and damaging crops thereoi y Higi winds and hail also did son ' damage by blowing down corn, and bea t . T /+ 1 1 ing down otner neia crops. z~ Army worms continue to destrc n young corn and grass, and were repor r ed from more counties than last wee] } but their number is apparently decrea 1_ ing. Horn worms on tobacco hai spread over three counties and are vei troublesome. *r Early cotton is ope Ding over the ei tire State, and picking has begun in 1calities. There is somewhat less shei r ding than last week, but rust is spres ^ T*Vi/*rr\rv ic a ViAOVTr ATI/ ^ I JUL ?2? JL. JU^ t^V/WVUi Vi V|' au m uvm j v u the middle crop very poor having bee ll shed, while the new growth is puttii , on a top crop in places. As a whol its present condition cannot be oaid 1 n be promising, nor yet extremely poo * both conditions prevailing according 1 1_ locality. Sea island cotton sheddit l~ some, still blighting, is well fruited ar n beginning to open. There is general improvement in coi that has not reached maturity, with few reports of exceeding fire crops, bi rr the coutrary is the rule. Fodder pul j\ ing is well underway and being finishc . in southeastern counties. A fair yiel ls of fodder has been saved. ir Tobacco cutting and curing is aboi !r finished in the eastern districts. T1 !- 1 i-. A 1 1 /> ,, quality ot tne crop nas Deen iurcm , injured in places by excessive heat ar T; worms. In the western districts cu ting has only begun. Rice is heading and some is ripenir 5: while harvesting has begun on a sma scale. Many report upland rice ve: e poor. Sugar cane, sorghum, peas an 0 pinders doing well generally. Turnij "P beiig sown and lands prepared for fa 0 truck crops. is e Plunged Among1 The Sharks n ? " ;g A magazine writer, in describing ,f recent trip at sea, says an interestir t. occurrence on the ocean trip waswhe a Lascar sailor volunteered to sho j. how sharks were killed in his country ir Several were following in the wake ( h the ship at the time, and the Lasc; d selected the largest for the exhibitioi Divesting himself of his already scat apparel he armed himself with a knif< ,e which he carried between his teeth an e made a deep dive. We did not sc j, him for fully two minutes, and jus I when we thought something wa3wron{ .f a great commotion occurred among tb -1 J~ ?J -1 1 i. A A ^ suaas, a,liu. aiuwi^ uuu iulucu u>ci v j. his back, the water, meanwhile. b< t coming a deep red. The Lascar ha swum under water and used his dir ? wich deadly effect. So quiet had bee ,* his approach that the other fishes ha q failed to notice him, and when the e did they were frightened off by th t splashing made by their wounde brotV.^. q A Northern ArgumentThe brillimt "Tin of the Tongue :r man in tho N^w York Press, say; o "Llo.v can the south hold out fc ?, silver? The price of cotton went u e 40 points in ten days. That is equivj i-> lortf o TFia f?rr>n loaf, rrac was 11,000,000 bales. At $2 a bale th it value of the crop is increased $22,00( o 000. Ever}' pound of cotton is sold fc .t gold. It is worth its weight in gold. ] .t is gold! What fools these farmers be! a The price of cotton, on the gamblin x exchanges, goes up and down, dail s and it is a little Joker. The bulk c >t the crop was sold long ago by the soutl: e ern producers at very low figures, j if few men made money by the late ds ) vance. It is no consolation to th e southern planters that their cotton sell e for four or five cents a pound in gelc !. They are not as much fooled as yo i- think they are.?Augusta Chronicle. V A NOVEL WILL. in at j D" How the Southern States Can Make j re v f Two Billion Dollars. Mr. T. J. Eady. of Atlanta, sends ] >r; the Journal the following unique will: I n. "Reins- of sound mind and disnosine 1 memory (I know my mind is sound for * I have lately had it examined) I, T. J. , e. Eady, will and bequeath to the ten cot- j at ton States over one hundred million dol- s n- lars each year for the nest twenty years ^ to out of the good reserve of the English '' Ir government, and I appoint the ten gover- ] nors of said States as executors and ad- ' P" ministrators to execute and carry out as J t0 hereinafter set forth for the benefit of \ le the said States and the people thereof ' ]g for school purposes, etc. st "First, let each of the ten governors ' m of these States appoint three commis- s m sioners to represent them, and these 1 le thirty commissioners meet and formu- * * late this plan which will make all the y people happy. Let each State pay the j ^ farmer seven sents per pound for all the ] iy middling cotton raised. i<et eacn state J as sell this coton at nine cents per pound at and by this arrangement they make ten dollars per bale profit. Now, supie pose they make ten million bales and they cannot sell over ni^.e million bales, then there is 10 per cent to be destroyar ed. Suppose Georgia raises one million bales and she is called on to de- z stroy ten per cent; she would burn up 2 h- one hundred thousand bales which t w would cost her three and a halt' million ^ et dollars. While on her million hales she in would have made ten dollars per bale or ^ a' ten million dollars, so she would still c, ie have left over six million dollars profit 1 P" to run her schools and State govern- c " ment. By this arrangement the whole ] w business is in the hands of thirty com- * missioners, and the other twenty-seven T commissioners will see that Georgia de- s P* stroys her part. So everybody would * c be benefitted, for the farmer knows he ^ re will get seven cents and is happy. The * ^ merchant, banker and manufacturer 1 will be pleased, for it takes the specula tion out of their business. The factory 2 Jl /\ h rtO TT? k O f Vl 1 Q n f*\f f/"\n 12 ? A.UUVYO jcaia au&au nuau uig VVI.VUU AO e> goiDg to cost and can make contracts ! >" ahead for his goods, farmer's credit will J se be better for the merchant and banker 1 will know what he is going to get for * ? his cotton. This is the only way the 4 matter can be handled, for thirty men t Ln can regulate tie price while millions of * L.n farmers cannot do so. * 1_ "Second, I will give my executors c and administrators a few pointers and 1 suggestions and they can furnish the e rest. Some one might ask how do we I know we could get nine cents? Eng- c land has cried for our cotton at $1.00 ^ re per pound. "Why not want it now for c ten cents. Eogland can go out of the a cotton market two weeks in November, 2 ,e and by doing so can take off live dollars 'lt per bale or $50,000,000 off the cotton a lt crop as it is now. Xow England names f ^ the price and takes the cotton; the 1 n other way the States name the price and c re England takes the cotton. But some c one might say a trust! We do not trust s ^ them, but England's gold would come jg after this cotton, and she would have to I send more than one hundred million a }e dollars of it to this country than she * j_ did last year for the same amount or ? ,e cotton. ? _ "You ask, how can we pay for this 2g cotton? All cotton delivered to the 1 pj State or their agents btfore January 1st * r>Qt7 tliom ooTion pAriha nor nonnd be- 3 a> f? i 1<4 tween January and May, seven and ' ^ one-quarter and after May seven and one-half cents. The States would sell ^ jy the same way, so all this cotton would not be put on the market at once, and e c factories would suit their wants in buy- g g' ing. Each State would issue cotton c 7e certificates to pay for this cotton in five 1 _ ten and twenty dollar certificates and 1 the banks, merchants and farmers a n. would help carry it. Certificates would r 0. pass and be as good as gold, for the States t ^ would have cotton behind ca,ch one of ? ? them that call for England's gold and i At. nnr twice. Bv this arrangement they ^ say iarmers would make too much cot- t '](T ton. Put a special tax on all corn t ec bought by the farmer of?say, twenty- d five cents per bushel, like on his mules E r so if he bought three hundred bushels 1 of corn he paid $75- 00 taxes to the State, e " which would pay for burning up two I bales of his cotton. You say it would i cost money to handle this business, t .n Georgia would get difference between g five cents and nine cents on one million e lfc bales which would be $20,000,000 more to come into the State and would rel(j main here, for her farmers would get ten million of it and the State the other ten millions. Suppose the States had to destroy twenty per cent or two mil- ? " n c*;il i ^ lion uaiea- xjeu-igio. nuuiu .-uui no,?v 3r three million to run her government, ^ for the school term could be increased * to ten months in the year, which would * take one-third of the hands out of the cot- ? ton fields. But say it only toook ne-fifth ? jj of them, that would decrease the crop -1 twenty p->,r cent or two million bales, so * > i.1. u +? Vmi*?n a mere wuiuu uc uu ouipiua iu uum u^. The difference between five cents and II nine cents is $20.00 yer bale, which e would be $200,000,000 a year; in five 11 years the South would have one billion dollars, enough to build factories to spin every bale of cotton raised in the t. r a States. To make the farmers delivp- | ig the cotton to the States and not sell to i n outsiders, have every bale tagged like ^ guano and have the tags sold for ten ^ 7 dollars each, but the States put the tags v >f on the cotton they buy The cotton J ir exported would bring into the United ^ i- States over one hundred million more it gold, so the whole country would be benefitted and made richer. d "This is the only way the cotton can :e be handled to advantage for all the rt people. D I, "A company of two hundred million ^ e dollars could be. raised in thirty days i n to carrv out this plan if it could be a * controlled by private parties, but they n d cannot do it, but the States can, by j, k working together, do this, and then ^ Q have laws enacted to meet and carry d it out. If this is done then the South y will assert its power and show to all e nations the garden spot of the world, v d So I, this day, transfer this estate into J the hands of my executors and admin- t' istrators and ask them in the name of t. humanity to make their people rich b andhappy. It is with you, will you serve? 3; "Witness my hand and seal, this )T 24th day of July, 1S09. Atlanta, Ga. p "(Seal.) X. J. Jbaay. ' *' Porto Sican Sufferers. a Lr Gov. McSweeney has received a com- p e munication from Flihu Root, secretary b '? of war, detailing the fearful .iestmo- c tion wrought by the recent storm in ' ? Puerto Rico and calling for aid for the unfortunates. He has already appealS ed to tho mayors of cities throughout C ? the country, but has decided to extend t< the appeal to the governors of States, o l. Supplies and money are neede'7.. Sup- t: * plies should be sent to Col. F. B. d l" Jones, Army building, Xew York, and s. e money to the National bank of Xorth s America, Xew York. u The weather continues very warm b and appressive. n MUST BE EUTOBCED. Violations of the Dispensary No to be Tolerated. Gor. McSweenev has written the fol lowiDg letter to each sheriff ana magis trate in the State, asking for coopera tion in the proper enforcement of th< lispensary law. Dear Sir: It should not be necessar to call the attention of officers to tin importance of enforcing any law. I should be the purpose of every law of Seer to do his duty. It is the plaii ind sworn duty of every officer com missioned by the State to uphold th< jonstitution and the laws of the State [t is do more the duty of the governo :han it is of every other nffiflprof th< State to see that the law is proper!; jnforced and administered. In the per ormance of this duty the law officer should have the support, encourage xte.it, endorsement, and aid of ever} rood and law abiding citizen. Those officers, whose duty it is to en !orce and administer the law, have n< jusiness to question the wisdom of thi aw making power in placing any la\ lpon the statute books. Their busines s to see that the law is enforced, s< ong as it remains on the statute books ^.s governor it shall be my constani )urpose to see that the law is admits ;ered and enforced wisely and judi :ious!y and in this purpose I seek th< tid of every officer and of every citi :en of the State. So far as I am abl< i r _n .. . "T /? ,nere snan De no aiscrimmauon in xa ror of any law. There seems, however, to have pro railed ;n this State since the adoptioi >f' the dispensary law a sentiment thai t was an exception, and inasmuch a; sertain State constables have been pre nded for with a view to its better en 'orcement, therefore, other law officer: ^ere not charged with the apprehen ;ion and prosecution of violations o: his law. This is a mistaken view, as 1 understand it, s-.nd X shall expect evsry magistrate and constable and sher ff and every other officer to aid in th< inforcement of the dispensary law ju-.l is he would the statute against bur ;lary or murder. And not only so bul ! call upon every good citizen to frowi lown the violation of the dispensary aw just as he would the violation oi he law against stealing or murder anc o aid the officers in bringing to jusice those who violate it The constats are simply tc aid in its enforcenent. We may differ as to the wis lorn of the law, but that should mak( 10 difference when it comes to the pro3cution of violators of-it. I feel that ij >roperly enforced it is the best solutior if the liquor question that has yet beer levised, and I desire to have the aic >f all officers and citizens in an honesl .nd earne ;.t effort to enforce it wiselj ,nd judiciously. I have reduced the constabulary force ,nd hope to be able to reduce it still urther, but this reduction can only be nade and remain permanent by the :ooperation and aid of the law officers if the State in enforcing the dispenAfTI lrtfTT AC? IaTTTC ckij xch vy ao ULULI jiano aig cuxuxvvu. This communication is addressed es >eciatly to magistrates and constables ,nd sheriffs upon whom I call to aid me in the ecforcement of the law. Ii ! have evidence that any magistrate r constable is winking at the violaion of the dispensary law and is not oaking proper efforts to bring to jusice those who violate it I shall at once ,sk for his resignation. I hope this ?ill not be necessary. I firmly believe that if the law is wisely and judiciously administered and iolators of it are promptly apprehenda and punished through the proper le:al channels provided for the trial ol riminals that a healthy public sentiaent will prevail in its favor, and vioators of the law will be looked upon ,s other criminal, and there will be 10 more reason to have special officers o enforce it than it is to have special fficers to enforce the law agaiiist stealng. However, let it be remembered hat this law must be enforced, and hose who violate it must be broueht tc iial and punished. If this canDot be [one through the established and ordiiary legal chanDels, then extraordinary means must be used. As far as my powr and ability go it shall be my purlose to see that all laws are wisely, udiciously, and rigidly enforced. Tc his end let every officer and every ;ood citizen of South Carolina lend his ncouragement and aid. M. B. McSweeney, Governor. He Was Not Dead. A month ago a letter from Manila ontained the news that Ellis Rhine iart ot iuaysvme, Indiana, a soiaier in he regular army, had been captured nd tortured to death by Filipinos. Thursday Rhinehart appeared in that ity alive and well. He was just returnog home from the West, and had not eard the story of his alleged death, le had not been in the Philippines at 11, having been discharged for disabiliy before his regiment sailed. His parnts, who had not heard from him for aonths, were mourning him as dead. How It Is Done. "Alive grasshopper will eat a dead rasshopper.'' say3 the New York Triune. "A Missouri farmer mixed ana UriCKIi <tuu UL<X U lugciu&i auu grasshopper cat it. He died. Tweny ate him up. They died. Fourhunred ate those twenty and they died. ]ight thousand ate those 400 and they ied. A hundred and sixty thousand te those eight thousand, and they died, nd the farmsr was troubled no more.' An Unknown Dead. The decomposed Doay or an unknown lanwas found near Tucker, Ga., Thursay, partly eaten by dogs and buzzards, 'he identity can not be discovered but pistol, lyinz by the side, had the ame of John Dickerson engraved upon t. The cause of death is thought to e suicide. Sponging' Fleet Wrecked. The recent West Indian hurricane isited the island of Andros, of the Jahama group, mulcting great uamage f> property and completely wrecking he sponging fleet. It is said that 150 odies were washed ashore. Disaster in Chili. A dispatch from Yalpariso say the errific gales and heavy floods continue, fear Santiago de Chile a train fell into river from a railroad bridge,, and 50 ersons were drowned. A house has een washed away there and it* nine ccupantswere drowned. Lynched in Alabama. A special from Brantley, Ala., says: Iharles Hart, a Negro, who attempted t accQiilt ATr? Ster.hAn T^attie. a wid w, near Brantley "Wednesday, was iken from the Brantley jail Wednesay night by a mob of 100 men and hot to death in the woods. Hanged by Alabama MobSolomon Jones, a negro, was hanged y a mob near Forrest, Ga., for attemptg to assault a young white woman. NOT B2DS OF SOSES. t ! American Prisoners of Filioinos Suffer ing Cruel Hardships. Th'.- San Francisco Bulletin publish' es a startling story from the Philippines regarding Lieu*. Gilmore and the s party from Yorktown who verc captured by the Filipinos and who have 7 been reported from official sourcos as 6 being vsvll cired for and well mated, t It appears that when the Americans - reached San Lidro, where the Yorka town members and some poldiers any civilian? had been imprisoned, then 2 found the lames ??f the prisoners scratched on the walls of the jiii. r Some letter < from the men" w*?re fuuod ? secreted undt-r stones, and a Spaniard, 7 who Ind been ir?>trncted *ith several, prest uted them to Ge?j. La*toa. The s letters toJd of tbe hardships the men - were compelled to suffer, and begged t that ai l be senttheoi The men complained tint they had been starved, - beaten and bound, and. moreover: o were in rag*. One of the let^rs signed s by Albert Liwensolm. said the Spanv iards had been treated very hudly, s worse than the Americans, aud thac *? hundreds were dying of dvsentery and other diseases and that the govern t meat took no notice of sickness pre vailirg In his lettir, Lo*eDsohn, - who was formerly of the steamship t Zealandia, gave the list of prisoners 1 -J held by the Filipinos as follows: 2 Prisoners from Yorktown?J. G. - Gilmore, U. S. N.: W. Wilson. C 0. M.; P. Vandovii, S. M. M. : E Ells worth, coxswain; S. Edwards. S. D. S ; i S. Sri solrz, 0 G.; A. Pearson, apprent tice; F, Anderson, landsmaj. captured 3 at Baler April 11th; A. D Brice, E - Houneinan; Nevada cavalry, captured - Jan uary 30th: A. Bishop, Third artills ery, April 12th; H. H. Huber, hospital - flnrr s :ip.d .T. O'Brien, civilian. January f 27th. 3 WAGES IN TWO LANDS. " Comparison of Spain's Working Men and America's. j. The poverty and low state of social j life and civilization of the Spaniards 7 are indexed quite accurately by their p wage rates. ' *n i x. xi - ^ ? ^ rur instance, me average weeitiy paj of a bricklayer in Spain (Malaga) i3 $3.80; in the United States, $21-18; of a mason, $3.20 in Spain, $21 in the 1 United States; of a carpenter, $3.90 in Spain, $15.25 in the United States; of a blacksmith, $3.90 in Spain, $16.02 in ? the United States; of a tinsmith, $3 in t Spain, $14.35 in the United States; of t printers, $4.50 in Spain, $16.42 in the [ United States; or laborers, porters, i etc., $2.75 in Spain, $8.80 in the United \ States. While rents and possibly prices of a ? few native products are lower in Spain ; than in the United States, the differ __ If At- - 2 J ; ence comes nownere equaimg xne wiuo [ disparity of wages. Moreover, in a , comparison of this sort, the quality cf , living must be considered as well as the normal cost. Thus, lower -rents nearly always simply inferior accomi modations, and, to the average Spaniard, most of the comforts and conveniJ -ences in ordinary use here are unat> tainable luxuries. That the low rate of Spanish -wages ; dees really mean a proportionately low . consumption and low standard of liv. ing is substantiated by one or two sigi nificant facts of another character; for instance, the per capita annual coni sumption of woolen goods in Spain is [ only nine shillings' worth, as against . eighteen shillings in the United States; . of sugar, five pounds per annum in ! SDain. forty-three pounds in the United . States; of beef, sixteen pounds in Spain, . sixty-two pounds in the United States; t of all meats, forty-nine pounds in > Spain, 120 pounds in the United < States; of butter, none in Spain, sixteen pounds in the United States; of . coffee, four pounds in Spain, 155 I [ pounds in the United States. i . ) Tho Philippine Islander. . After years of study of the native . character, I have come to the conclur sion that the Philippine Islander is . very matter-of-fact. He is not unwill. ing, but unable, conscientiously, to ac- , cept an abstract theory. Christianity, , with its mysteries, has therefore, no effect on his character, but he bernmpc flpfiTstruned to do that which 1 his forefathers were coerced to do, namely, to accept the outward and visible signs without being imbued by the inward and spiritual grace. The mere discipline?the fact that, nolens, vo lens, they must at a given hour on a J given day appear dressed in their best and attend church (in the case of headmen) go to the monk's residence ? to "kiss hands"?has certainly had the j 1 effec* of taming the masses into orderly beings. Yet restraint of any kind 1 Is repugnant to him. He likes to be as free as a bird, but he is of a pliant nature, and easily managed with just treatment He is extremely sensitive to injustice. If he knows, in his own mind, tfiat he has done ^rong, he will submit to a thrashing without any thought of taking revenge. If he were * punished out of mere caprice, or with palpable injustice, he would always have a lurking desire to give quid pro quo. He has an innate contempt for cowards, hence his disdain for Chinese, but will follow a brave leader any where, and will never oe me nrst to i yield to hunger, fatigue or possible chances of death. He takes every trouble with profound resignation; he promises everything and performs little; his word is not worth a straw, and he does not feel that lying is a sin. He is inconstant in the extreme, and loyal so long as it suits him, but as a subject he can be easily molded into any fash- ^ , ion which a just, honest and merciful government would wish.?Contemporsrv RovipW ; ? | To get strong and healthy use one bottle Mur- 1 ray's Iron Mixture. Price 50c Tl HURMT DRUG CO., ' 1 s MacfeaFs School of SHORTHAND ?AND? * TYPEWRITING cc COLUMBIA, S. C. 3 mis ocnooi i as ioe reputation or oemg tne best business institution in tbe Sta'e. Grad- ? nates Arc holding re nunerative positions in ? mercantile b0U3e.0, banking, insurance, real estate, rai'road office, &c., in this and other elates. Write to W. H. Macfeat, Court Stenographer Comulbia, S. C. for terms,tee 9 1 : 4 Keeley | 126 SMtTH STREET. A ^ ir. . riIKO IU& > AAL>TjrLn.VJJXZ,X, B I I 1 I I m CHARLESTON. S. C. Will U | ALCOHOL J MORPHINE OPIUM d TOBACCO m CIGARETTE USJLXi. Produce cach a disease bavir.g defin ito patholojry. The disease vi??!dji easily ro the Double Chloride of Gold Treatment as adaiiuisrered at the above M Koelev [nstitute. X B.?The Kecley Treatment is fl ministered in Sovth Carolina H T/ CHARLESTOM^B It is the==fl ===CustolH f*"'-' ' *- M B .t h ??-r p'? r one to <?rt u iti! th* gin- Jfl uing sea a 13 on h-fjr- io k'ag t s?-e wh?? tii the giu in i'j Now is the time to HURRY YOU'* UfN OT.E V ELLIOT GIN REPAIR WORM Do a t -f? -i? lad rh>"? <t"k ns t<> )e? y??w h-iv? it a? 0 ice f r th-jrough W?r!c ct he d ?it? in & hurrv hf al.ten'i-u ei'eo bis mait r q->w ?il t>ia:i opt} y ? ? wb^o tb* c-tioa if WQi-e ia ibi* lieiH tuid the gin iiou-e cr?wl??l. r e woikit coining ia already. -h p it ^kjc- to ih-i a dersitcu^i. 'O^Ved at ib old electric ligbt engine houte I. i . ., - / [ '< . ? Co , V 0. Biihim J??. \ wj lii ear** -.r& your aame au-i sh>p,nn : p ?i-?t "%v: on w>rk sea? aaJ prspty th- fr-tjjis *< The Elliott Din Repair forks, W J ELLIOT''. N>. 1314 Gates S.reet, COLUMBIA. S C. _ LL.&K 7 NOTHING LIKE IT -! FOR 3 % I Constipation, Indigestion, j t'i Regulator & Kidneys, 1 Wholesale bv? THE MURRAY DRUf. CO . . C-jluTibia. SC. m Dr H BA.BR, ^ fl Chariot;hi. S C. Ginning j linninHA^u .mauumciy. Si <> ? rbe Smith Pneumatic Suction Elevating, Ginning and Packing ^yste^ [s the simplest and most efficient on the market. Forty-eight complete outfits in South Caroiina; each one isiving absolute satisfaction. Boilers and Engines; Slide ^alve. Automatic and Corliss. T ? _ 1_ ^ J TT 1 T> ? C? tUj Jjigai aua nvavy i>^aru i^aw Mills cannot be equalled in design, eficienc)* or price by auy dealer or traou :a}turer in tt?e South. Write for ^rics and catalogues. V. C. Badham, 1326 Main Street, COLUMBIA, S. C. All We Ask ol if^YOU Need01'J?ANYTHING [D tle Machinery or ^ Mill Supply Line Is that you give us an opportunity to submit our prioes and make. ' compari?oas. We ask this because we believe can make it to YOUR advantage. TRY US. We make a specialty of equipping IMPROVED MODERN GIN NERIE3 OF ANY CAPACITY WITH THE SIMPLEST AND MOST EFFICIENT COTTON HANDLING APPARATUS IN K A L3 L ii NUt; ?TLlrJ 31 U K K V \ SYSTEM. Correspondence with intending puricasors solicit-ed. W. H. Glbbss & Co,. * COLUMBIA, SC." SOUTH CAROLINA AGENCY Liddell Co., Charlotte, N. C. " A. B. FarquharCo., Ltd., York, Pi Sagle Cotton Gin Co., Bridgeware r, Mass. . itraub Machioery Co., Cincinnati, 0 ?LIFE | ^ vegetable for Mild, ure for Liv- the Pleasant, r,Kiduej& LEVER Sure. m to mac h troubles, and 25, 50, $1. -KIDNEYS- 1 old wholesale by? T&e Mmi? D;a$ C>. C>lu a'tix Dr FL Baer. Charleston. S 0, &l?i -