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PRAISE FOR GREECE, REV. DR. TALLAGE ON A SUBJECT Or WORLDWIDE INTEREST. Ke Shows "What T7e Owq ths Greeks?A Debi in Laugua"?, ?Lrf\ nerolsm aau aiedlcise?The Beat r.y to PAy ths Debt Washington, March 28.?as Dr. Talmagres seraons are published on both sides the ocean, this discourse on a subject of worldwide interest will attract universal attention, uus xext was Romans i, 14, "I am debtor both to the G-reeks and. to the barbarians/' At this time, when, that behemoth of abominations, Mohammedanism, after having gorged itself on the carcasses of 100,000 Armenians, is trying to put its paws upon one of the fairest J of all nations, that of the Greeks, Ij preach this sermon of sympathy and protest, for every intelligent psrson j on this side or the sea, as well as the other side, like Paul, who wrote the text, is debtor to the G-reeks. The present crisis is emphasized by the j guns of the allied povrers of Europe, ready to be unlimbereJ against the ! Hellenes, and I am asked to speak out. j Paul, with a master intellect of the j ages, sat in brilliant Corinth, tne cn-eot. A/>m.norinthns fortress fro~n in2 from the heigh: o? 1,685 feet, and in the house of Gaius, where he was a guest, a big pile of money near him, which "he was taking to Jerusalem for the poor. In this letter to the Romans, which Chrysostom admires so much that he had it read to him twice a weak, Paul practically says: "I, the apostle, am bankrupt, I owe what I cannot pay. Due i will pay as .targe a pvrwauLgv as I can. It is" an. obligation for ^ what Greek literature ana Greek sculpture and Greek architecture and Greek prowess'have done for me. I will pay all I can in installments of evangelism. I am insolvent to the Greeks." Hellas, as the inhabitants call it, or Greece, as we call it, is insignificant in size, about a third as large as the state of .New York, but what it lacks in breadth it makes up in height, with ? /'I?1 ,/v MH 17 f OYi/T us mouaiams v/vic-u^ ?iiv_ Taygerus and Tymphrestus, each over 7,000 feet in elevation, and its Parnassus, over 8,000. Just the country for mighty men to be bom in, for in all lands the most of she intellectual and moral giants were not born on the plain, but had for cradle the valley between two mountains. That country, no part of which is more than 40 miles from the sea, has made its impress upon the world as no other nation, and it today holds a first mortgage of obligation upon all civilized people. While we must leave to statesmanship and diplomacy the settlement of the intricate questions wiiich now involve all Europe and indirectly all nations, it is time for all churches, all schools, all universities, all arts, all literature, to scund out in the most emphatic way tne declaration, 4'I am debtor to the Greeks." In the first place, we owe to their language our New Testament. All of it was first written in Greek, except the book of Matthew, and that, written in A lancrus.^e. was soon put into Greek by our Saviour's brother James. To the Greek language we owe the best sermon ever preached, the best letters ever written, the best visions ever kindled. All the parables in Greek. All the miracles in Greek. The ssrmon on the mount in Greek. The story of Bethlehem and Golgotha and Olivet and Jordan banks and Galilean beaches and Pauline embarkation and Pentecostal tongues and seven trumpets that s.wndflil or-pr- "PitmriS fifmie tO the vrcrld in liquid, symmetrical, picturesque, philosophic, unrivalled Greek, instead of the gibberish language in which maav of the cations of the earth at that time jabbered. Who can forget it, and who can exaggerate its thrilling importance, that Christ and heaven were introduced to us in the language of the Greeks, the lonmiorfo iw tttVt TTrkrofti* Vi.qr? sr::?"] o* o and Sophocles dramatized arid Plato dialogued and Socrates discoursed and Lycurgus legislated and Demosthenes thundered his oration on "The Crown?" Everlasting thanks to God that the waters of life were not handed to the wcrld in the unwashed cup of corrupt languages from which nations had been drinking, but in the clean, bright, golden lipped, emerald handled chalice of the Hellenes. Learned Curtius wrote a whole volume about the Greek verb. Phiiolo gists century after century have been measuring tie symmetry of that language, laden wrtb. elegy and phillipic, drama and comedy, ''Odyssey" and 4 'Iliad" but the grandest "thing that Greek language ever accomplished was to give to the world the benediction, the comfort, the irradiation, the salvation, of the gospel of the Son of God. For that we are indebted to the Greeks. And while speaking of our philological obligation let me call your a: tention to the fact that many of the intellectual and moral and theological leaders of the ages got much of their discipline and effectiveness from Greek literature. It is popular to scoff at the dead languages, but 50 per cent, of the world's intellectuality would have been taken off if through learned institutions our young men had not, under competent professors, been drilled in Greek masterpieces, tcvrr?i?? J-i-COxWU. O J*SCLj&y \SX eulogium by Simonides of the slain in war, or Pindar's "Odes of Victory,'' or "The Recollections of Socrates." or "The Art of "Words," by Corax, or Xenophon's "Anabasis." From the Greeks the world learned how to make history. Had t'o?re been no Herodotus and Thucydiaes there would have been no Macaulay or Bancroft Had there been no Sophocles in tragedy there would have oeen no Shakespeare. Had there been no Homer there would have been no mi. _ 3 ~ jilukjo. iiie mouerii wiis, ivuy wc now or have been put on the * divine mission ot making the world laugh at the right time, can be traced back to Aristophanes, the Athenian, and manv of the jocosities that are new taken as new had their suggestions 2,300 years ago in the 54 comedies of that master of merriment. Grecian mythology has been the richest mine from which orators and essayists have drawn their illustrations and painters the themes for their canvas, and although. sovr an exhausted mine, Grecian mythology has done a work that nothing else could have acccm plisnea. .Boreas, representing trie north wind; Sisyphus, roiling the stone up the hill, only to have the same thing to do over again; Tantalus, with fruits above him thai he could not reach; Achilles, with his arrows; Icarus, with his waxen wings, Hying too near the sun; the Centaurs, half man and half beast; Orpheus, with ? . his lyre: Atlas, with the world on his back?ail these and more L >ve helped literature, from the graduate's speech on commencement day to Rutas Choate's culogium on Daniel Webster a: Dartmouth. Tragedy and comedy were bom in the festivals of D:oaysius at Athens. The lyric and elegiac and epic poetry of Greece 500 years before Christ nas its echoes in the Tennysons, Longfeiiows and Bryants of 1,S00 and 1,900 years after Christ. There is not an effective pul nBgHBgrnmragBaaa T ! pit or editorial chair or professors \ ! room or cultured parlor cr intelligent j lancnouse xoaay xii ALucrioc*. vi , that could r-.ot appropriately employ ! Paul's ejaculation and say.4 'I am deo- > tor to the Greeks." The fact is this?Paul had get much of his oratorical poorer of expression from the Greeks. Thai he had studied their literature was evident vrher:, standing in the presence of an audience of Greek scnolars on Mars hill, winch overlooks Athens, he dared to quote from one of their own Greek voets, either Clean thus or Aratus, declaring, "As certain also of your ovrn [ poets have said, 'For we are also his i offspring.'*' And he made accurate! quotation, Clean thus, one of the poets, j navisg written: For -?rc thine oHipriug arc. All things that j creep ... ! i \ tV.o rt i.hp voles divine. { And Araths. one o' their own poets, i had written : Doth care perplex? Is lowering danger nigh? We arc his offspring, and to Jove we fiy. j It was rather a risky thing for Paul j lo attempt to C[uote extemporaneously from a poem in a language foreign to | his and before Greek scholars, but j j Paul did it without stammering and s i then acknowledged before the most j i distinguished audience on the planet | j his indebtedness to the Greeks, crying: j [ out in his oration. "As one of your j own poets has said." | Furthermore, ail the civilized world, j j like Paul, is indebted to the Greeks for architecture. The vrorid before the j time of the Greeks had built monoliths] i obelisks, cromlechs, sphinxes and ] j pyramids, but they were mostlyf f monumental to the dead whom they j ; failed to memorialize. We are not I - r ^ ? a? irt S j certain even 01 tae uamw | whose commemoration the pyramids I | were built. Bat Greek architecture did most for living. Ignoring Egvp- j tian precedents and borrowing noth-1 | ing from other nations, Greek architec-1 ; rare carved its own columns, set its } | own pediments, adjusted its own enta-1 , '-J- i-?rtrn rnf?]<?ill0"S j * Oi2ilUrCbf ruu.uucu xwc viim ?^~ ^ ! and carried out as never before the j | three qualities of right building, called ? by an old author *'nrinitas, utilitas, J | venustas'?namely, firmness, useful* { | ness, beauty. Although the Parthe- j j non on the Acropolis of Athens is only j ! a wreck of the storms a ad earthquakes j J and bombardment of many centuries, | {and although Lara Elgin took from j ! one side of that building, at an ex-j S pense of $250,000, two shiploads of j j sculpture, one shipload going down in ! j the Mediterranean and the other ship- j E load now to be found in the British j | museum, the Parthenon, though in {,< comparative ruins, has been an inspira- j; tion to all architects for centuries past: and will be an inspiration all the time j, from now until the world itself is a j tempie of ruin. Oh, that Parthenon!j; One never gets over having once seen I; it. But what must it have been when j it stood as its architects, Ikitncs and J, Kaliikrates, built it out of Pentelican marble, white as Mont Blane at noon- { ? tt? i [ day and as overwhelming. .0.01^1. s J above hight. 0 rertopping the august I and majestic pile and rising from its j t roof was a statute of Pallas Promachus j j in bronze, so tall and flashing that j; j sailors far out at sea behold the plume j of her Lelment. Without the aid of J the eternal God it never could have ! j been planned, and without the aid of ; God the chisels and trowels never , I could have constructed it. There is , j not a fine church building in all the j world, or a properly constructed court ! house, or a beautiful art gallery, or an i ! appropriate auditorium, or a tasteful j i i home, which, because of that Par the-1 ! son, whsther its style or some other S style be adopted, is not directly or in | directly a debtor to the Greeks. But there is another art in my mind j | ?the most fascinating, elevating and 1 inspiring of ail arts and the nearest to 1 1 the divine?for which all the world j owes a debt to the Hellenes that will j never be paid. I mean sculpture. At j | least 650 years before Christine Greeks jj f perpetuated the human face and form j ! in terra cotta and marble. What a j i blessing to tne human family that menj | and women, mightily useful, who j } could live only within a century may j ( b* -narnetuated for five or six or ten j i centuries! How I wish that sortie sculptor contemporaneous with Christ _ could have put "his matchless form in | marble! But for every grand exqui- | j site statue of Martin Luther, of John 1 [ Knox, of William Penn, of Thomas i Chalmers, of Wiliington, of Lafayette j of any of the great statesmen or emancipators or conquerors who adorn i your parks or fill the niches of your | academies, you are debtors to the Greeks. They covered the Acropolis, | they glorified the temples, they j adorned the cemeteries with statues, | ! some in cedar, some in ivory, some in s | silver, some in gold, same in size dim- s | inutive and some in size colosal.! | Thanks to Phidias, who worked in i stone; to Clearchus, who worked in | bronze; to Dontas. who worked in | gold, and to all ancient chisels of comj memoration. Do you not realize that { i for many of the wonders of sculpture I we are debtors to the Greeds? _ j ] Yea, for the science of medicine, the j j great art of healing, we must thank ( ) the Greeks. There is the immortal j fcrree# doctor, Hippocrates, wuu jurat. t opened the door for disease to go out I i and health to come in. He first set j j forth the importance of cleanliness I j and sleep, making the patient before j I treatment to be washed and take slum- j I ber on the hide of a sacrificed beast. | j He first discovered the importance of j j thorough prognosis and diagnosis. \ j He formulated the famous oath of j j Hippocrates which is taken by physi- j j cians of our day. He emancipated < mpnif-'rif- from suoerstiiion, empiri-1 cism and priestcraft. He was the > I father of all the infirmaries, hospitals } | and medical colleges of the last 23 ; I centuries. Ancien: medicament and j j surgery had before that been anatomi- j cai and physiological assault and bat- j tery, and iong after the time of Hip-; pocrates, the Greek doctor, where his theories were not known, the Bible j speaks of fatal medical treatment j when it says, "In his disease he j sought not the Lord, not to the physi-1 - - - * * ?- i - jy S clans, and. Asa slept w:ia ius laiuers. ? And we read in the New Testament of j the peer woman who had been treated j by incompetent doctors, who asked j Iar?e fees, where it says, "She had t suffered many things of many physi-j cians and had spent all that she had \ and was nothing better, but rather | grew worse." For our glorious science of raedicins and surgery?mora sub- j lime than astronomy, for vre have j more to do with disease than with the | stars: more beautiful than botany, for < bloom of health in the cheek of wife j and child is worth more to us than ail j loot. tlio rro-rnor foT f rMS I j tiic ivz-aca ui , I grandest of ail sciences, the science of \ i Healing, every pil:'Gw of recovered in- j | valid, every ward of American and | { European hospital may well cry cut, j i "Thank God for old Dr. Hippocrates. I I, like Paul, am indebted to the Greeks." Furthermore, all the world is obli- { gated to Hellas mere than it can everj pay for its heroics in the cause of lib- j erty and right. United Europe today had no: better think tftat the Greeks will no: fight. There may be fallings ; back and devastations and temporary j defeats, and if Greece is right ail EuI -rma k-ir fi'nwn "Thf> ft'hp" ! 1 nations, before they show- the port- j i holes of their men o" war. At that time, in Greek council of war, j five generals were icr beginning tae i battle ad five were against the Calii- i machus presided at the council cf war, | had the deciding vote, and ililtiades j addressed him say'n*: "It now rests *rith ycu.. Callirna- J chus, either to enclave Athens, or, by I insuring her free om, to win yourself I an immortality ">f fame, /or power j t'ns Athenians -were a Dcoole ! were they in such danger as they are in at this moment. If they bow tiio knee to these Medes, they are to be given up lo Hippias. and you know wkat they will then have to suffer, but if Athens comes victorious out of this contest she has it in her power to become the first city of Greece. Your vote is to decide whether we are to j join battle or not. If we do not bring | on a battle presently, seme factious! intrip-uo will units the Athenians, and ! the city will be betrayed to the Medes, j but if "we fight before there is any- i thing rotten in the state of Athens I believe that, provided the gods will give fair field and no favor, we are able to get ihe best of is in the engagement." That won the vote of Caliimacnus, and soon the battle opened, and in full run the men of Miltiades fell upon the Persian hosts, shouting: "On sons of Greece! Strike for the freedom of your country! Strike for the freedom of your children and your wives, for the shrines cf your fathers' on/? {r\i> thp sftTvilr?hers of votir f r ? ? . sires!" While only 192 Greeks fell { 6,400 Persians lay dead upon the field, | and many of the Asiatic hosts who j took to the war vessels in the harbor were consumed in the shipping. Per- j sian oppression was rebuked, Grecian j liberty was achieved, the cause of civilization was advanced, and the westem world and all nations have felt the heroics. Had there been no Mil- j tiades there might have been no \X7? o c 11 ? r> cr i rt n Also at Thermopylae 300 G-resks, \ along a road only wide enough for a j wheel track between a mountain and a marsh, died rather than surrender. Had there been no Thermopylae there J might have been no Bunker Hill. The j echo of Athenian and Spartan heroics was heard at the gates of Lucknow, { and Sevastopol, and Bannockbum,: and Lexington, and Gettysburg, English Magna Cnarta, and Declaration of American Independence, and the song of Kobert Burns, entitled "A Man's a Man for All That," were only the long continued reverberation of what was said and done 20 centuries before in that little kingdom that the j powers of Europe are now imposing j upon. Greece having again and again i shown that 10 men in the right arc stronger ;*n 100 men in the wrong, the heroi of Leonidas and Aristides j and Them tccles will not cease their mission u :1 the last man on earth is j as free as od made him. There is not on eit rsiaeu* me w. day a republic that cannot truthfully 1 employ the words of the text and say, j "I am debtor to the Greeks But now comes the practical ques-! tion, How can we pay that debfor a part oi it? For we cannot pay more than 10 per cent of that debt in which Paul acknowledged himself a bankrupt By praying Almighty God that he will help Greece in its present war with Mohammedanism and the concerted empires of Europe. I know her queen, a noble, Christian woman, her face the throne of ail benencience and loveliness, her life an example of 1 1" ?!t-1?- ~ - ? J w^A+V.ov>ViArv! And nooie wiienuuu auu uivhubiuw**.. ^ , help those palaces in. these days of! awful exigency! Oar American senate did well the other day, when, in that capitoJ building which owes to Greece its columnar Impressiveness, they passed a hearty resolution Oi sympa- J thy for that nation. Would that ail j who have potent words that can be 1 heard in Europe would utter them ] now, when they are so much needed I j Let us reseat to them in English what J 4-,-y ! they centuries ago ueuuu-cu w world in Greek, ''Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness' . sake, for theirs is the kingdom of j heaven." Another way of partly paying our t debt to the Greeks is by higher appreciation of the learning and self sacrifice of the men who in our own land stand for all that the ancient Greeks stood. While here and there one j comes t j public approval and reward j the most of them live in privation or j on saiarv disgracefully small. The j scholars, the archaeologists, the ar- j tists, the literati?most of them live up ! three or four flights of stairs and by j small windows that do not let in the; full sunlight. You pass them every day in your streets without any recognition. Grrub street, where many of j the mighty men of the past suffered, is long enough to reach around the world. No need of wasting our sympathy upon the unappreciated thinkers and workers of the past, though JLinnaeous soia a is wyr^s a aiu^x-. ducat, though. Noah Webster's spell- j ing book yielded him more than .his dictionary, though Correggio, the great painter, receiving for long continued work payment of $39, died from overjoy; though when Goldsmith's friends visited him they were ! obliged to sit in the window," as he had but one chair; though Samuel Boyse, the great poet, starved to death; though the auihor of "Hudibras" died in a garrot, though "Paradise Lost1' brought its author only *25 cash down, with promise of ?50 more if [ the sale warranted it, so that $75 was J ail that was paid for what is consider- j ed the greatest poem ever written, j Better turn our attention to the fact j that there are at this moment hundreds of authors, painters, sculptors, j architects, brain workers, without bread and without fuel and without competent apparel. As far as you j ~ if Voitt thoir- sfrulnturA I Utf.il CU i. KJ+. VA X Wj Kf^j { * reach their books, purchase their] pictures, eccourage their pen, j iheir pencil, their chisel, their j engraver's knife, their architect's j compass. The -world ' calls them j "bookworms" or "Dr. Dryasdust," but if there had been no bookworms or dry doctors of law and science and j theelogy there would have been no | Apocalyptic angel. They are the j G-reeks of our country and time, and I your obligation to them is infinite. j But there is a better way 10 nay j them, and that is by their personal sal- i vation, which will never come to thera through books or through learned presentation, because in literature and intellectual realms they are masr><s-n rmf a* or? 7 P mifnnof.A. JLLX&J -- ? outdograatize you. Not through.the gats of the head, but through, the gate of the heart, you may capture them. When men of learning and might are brought to God, they are brought by the simplest story of what religion car. do for a soul. They have lost chil dren. Oh, tell them how Christ comfnvfert -(Ton TK-hpn von lost vour briffir; i boy or blue eyed girl' They have found life a struggle. Oh, tell them how Christ has helped you all the way through! They are in bewilderment. Oh, teil them with how many hands of joy heaven beckons you upward! "V/hen Greek meets Greek, then comes the tug of war." but when a warm hearted Christian meets a man who needs pardon and sympathy and comfort and eternal life then comes vietorv. If vou can. bv some inci dent cf self sacrifice, bring ro such I scholar!j men and vromeu Tvhai. Christ has done for their eternal rescue, you may bring: them i&. Where Demosthenic el*ounce and Homeric imagery would I'ail a kindly hear: j throb may succeed. A gentleman of j this city sends me the statement of i what occuried a few days ago among the mines of British Columbia. It seems that Frank Conson and Jem Smith were down in the narrow shaft of a mine. They had loaded an iron bucket with coal, and Jim Hemsworth, standing above ground, was hauling the bucket up by windlass, j when the windlass broke, and the loaded bucket was descending upon the two miners. Then Jim Hemsworth, seeing what must be certain death to the miners beneath, threw himself against the cogs, of the whirling windlass, and though his liesh vras torn and his bones were broken he stopped the whirling windlass and arrested the descending bucket and i saved the lives of the two miners be neath. The superintendent of the mine flew to the rescue and blocked tne machinery. When. Jim Hemsworth's bleeding and broken body was put on a litter and carried home ward and some one exclaimed, "Jim, j this is awful f' he replied, "Oh, what's ! the difference so long aj; I saved the j boys?" What an illustration it was of suffering for others, ani what a text from which to illustrate' the behavior of our Christ, limping and lacerated and broken and torn and crushed in the work of stopping the descending ruin that would have destroyed our souls! Try such a sc?n2 of vicarious suffering as this on thai man capable of overthrowing all your arguments for the truth, and he will sit down and weep. Draw your illustrations from the classics, and it is to him an old story, but Layaen jars and elec trie batteries arid telescopas and. (ireeir drama will all surrender to the story of Jim Hemsworth's "Oh, what's the dilference so long as I saved the boys?" "Then,if your illustration of Christ's self sacrifice, drawn from some scene of today, and 3*our story of wha Christ has done J'or you do not quite fetch him into the right -way, just say to him, "Professor?doctor?judge, -why was it that Paul declared he was a , A **? A #>?>!?* T7A11 >* ueutur MJ LilC VJTlCCJB.< auu MO. jr-jw.4. j, learned friend to take his Greek Test- j ament aud' translate for you, in his oct way, from G-reek into English, | the splendid peroration of Paul's ser- j nion on ilars hill, usder the power of; which the scholarly Dionysius sur-; rendered?namely, "The times of this ignorance God winked at, but now commandeth all men everywhere to repent, because he hath appointed a day in which he will judge the world in righteousness, by taat man whom 5 he hath ordained, "whereof he hath j given assurance unto all men in that j he halh raised him from the dead." I By the time he has got through the ! twins!aiirtn frnm thft G-reek I think I you will see his lip tremble, and there will come a pallor on his face like the pallor on the sky at daybreak. By the eternal salvation of that scholar, that great thinker, that splendid man, you will have dene something to help pay your indebtedness to the Greeks. And now to God the Son and God the Father and God the Holy Ghost be honor and glory, dominion and victory and song, world without end. Amen. Hard Timea and Temperanca. Cina nf t>ip nnt.aWfi effects of the hard i times which we have been going j through for several years past is to bo found in the reduced consumption of ! intoxicatants. It is claimed by the bicycle enthusiasts that the increasing use of bicycles has conducted largely to this result but the Ameri- j can Grocer says the ' 'hard times have I contributed to a notable diminution j in the use of all kinds of beverages? j particularly spirits." The Grocer, shows by figures that "the consump- J of alenholie stimulants has not j increased, while the use of the milder beverages has barely been steady." The facts which lead up to this conclusion are interesting. In 1392 and 1893 the consumption of spirits per citizen was 1? gallons, of wine nearly half a gallon, of beer 15 gallons, while in 1896 the average consumption of spirits was but one gallon, of wines one quart and of beer 15 gallons. The American Grocer does not con- j s:der that the increase of the whiskey j tax from 90 cents to 81.10 has had anv! in tin': rice in reducing the consumption of spirits. The official reports show thai our 71,2(53,000 people in 1S96 consumed 71,051,877 gallons of spirits,'or no more than 58,6S0,000 people consumed in 18S7. As about 11,000,000 gallons of spirits a^e annually usee in manufactures, according to The Grocer, the quantity actually used as a beverage is about 60,000,000 iu.a.a.0 oxauj uaxxxA.0 out of a gallon, and get at the lowest calculation about $J.-.50 for it. The nation's whiskey bill in 1896 was, therefore, $270,000,000, as against ?400,000,000 in 1S93, when the consumption was 101,300,000 gallons. The government los'; ?14,000 of revenue by the decreased consumption. The drinking of beer has increased very largely in this country during the oast 20 years. The consumption per citizen 20 years age was but six and a half gallons, as against fifteen gallons in iS96. The total consumption o? beer in 1S96 was 1,CS0,626,165 jrallons. on which the government received a revenue of $33,139,141. The aggregate amount of the national beer bill is estimated at ?541,963,343. Wine is little used by cur people. In 1SS7 we produced 27.706.000 gallons and imported 4,618,000 gallons, where as in 1896 we produced but 14,599,000 gallons and imported 4,101,000 gallons ?a large decrease. The nation's bill J for wiLe in 1896 was $49,730,000. The j total cost of cur alcoholic beverages in that year the Grocer places at $861,693,S32, some 140,000,000 less than in 1S92. There has been a marked falling (iff in the per capita consumption of coffee. In. 1396 the people it is estimated, drank ?62,OSS,692 gallons of coffee, made from 481,044,346 pounds of tae berries and costing $120,261,086. The average consumption was 9.61 pounds in 1892 and 8.04 pounds in 1896. Of tea the consumption in the latter year is placed at 466,701,000 gallons, made from 93.340,000 pounds of tea import ed at a retail cost of $31,171,432. Cocoa was imported to the extent of s $2,630,900 worth, much of which was used fcr confectionery. The aggregate drink bill of the nation, a^conolic and non-slcoholic, is figured at ?1,010,125 000, or ?14.31 per citizen. The American Grocer is convinced that prosperity increases the use of stimulating and intoxicating drin/cs as it does oi all other luxuries. Fire-bags at Vi'orfc. Norfolk, March 31.?There were three more attempts at incendiarism in Portsmouth last night. These, fol-; lowing the great conflagration of i Sunday morning that swept away a i large portion of the city, have thro wn ! the inhabitants into such a nervous I state that sleep is almost impossible.! The noliee last night discovered ihe! attempted incendiarism in time to pre- j vent a. repetition of the calamity of Sunday. The mayor today issued a i proclamation oiiermg a rsvrara 01 { $500 for the conviction of any person j guilty of originating the fires. j *? | LET PS HAVE A SHARE. ' [CONTINUED FR03I PAGE ONE]. j io assume that there are no real invest! merits in agricultural pursuits, or j that agricultural laborers are a proI duct cf the soil, and that the chief i mission of both is to conserve the in | teresis of manufacturers and money. | Upon tb.^se agricultural lands stand ; the foundations of our Republic, and ! the people who cultivate them consti| lute a law-abiding:, hard-working, economizing, prudent and tazpaying ! portion of o^r citizens, whose rights should be recognized and whose | wrongs must be remedied. This bill discriminates against the ; raw products of the section which I in Dart renresnt. and I shall under take to point our its inequalities and demand fair play. In fact, this discrimination does not stop with the manufacturer of the East, butextends to the products of raw material in the West. This condition is the result no doubt of a vigorous contest on the part of the Western agriculturists for a reciprocity of these privileges, while the South was made the victim Decause of the demand on the part of her representatives for free raw materials. In this respect the South has been considered fair game for the balance of the country and plundered as a consequence at every turn. I will cite a lew flagrant in* j stances of this character. Our navy needed a coaling station in the Pacific Owfln and nnp. was secured in Hawaii. Did our Government >ay for it iu mon8y? Xo, indeed. It simply gave Hawaii the privilege of importing raw products free into this country And what were these products? Sugar, rice, bananas. eLc., all of which were produced only in the South. To such an extent has this been carried that Senator Sherman declared we had paid $18,000,000 for a miserable little coaling station; while the i late Senator Dolph stated that a fair duty upon ail imports irom Jiawaii; would have paid $12 for every acre of I land in these* islands. The South has been asking for free raw materials, I and here is a case in point where its j request was granted ? 400,000,000 pounds of sugar and 5,000,000 pounds j of rice came into this country last year duty free from Hawaii. Does anyone imagine that a tenth part of this amount either in wheat, corn, ! cloth or other manufactured articles, . could have been imported in this man- J ner without a loud protest from theEast [ TXT/vf?l 9 a Qrtiif? in lvie+cn/ia * <AJ-IU *f WVi O.U.O U. Uii 1JLL UU^J .Ui^KAllVV/ j was plundered the majority of its rep- ' resentaiives advocated free raw ma terial and were in consequence barred ; from making any objections. RIC3 COMPARED WITH KAY. I will take the Southern product of * rice in this connection and compare it ] with the Northern product of hay and | ?L-t. mu:. v^v.^^5,, J UUU^LU'Cd. JLJdUS WUUbij V/V4.UU'U -iJJL 1895 297,237,370 bushels of potatoes \ and imported 127,976 bushels. It produced the same year 47,078,541 tons of hay and iraported 24.7,897 j tons. The per cent of imports on ] productions is almost too small for * calculation, being: about one half of 1 per cent, In 1895 we produced 168,665,440 pounds of rice and imported j, 219,564,320 pounds. In other words, J we imported 50,8S9,S80 pounds more j rice than was produced in the entire H South. We find potatoes protected I' by a duty of 25 cents per bushel, and 1' hay $4 per ton, while Southern rice, ^ receives but li cents per pound. This)( 1 A ~ C Z I ( unequal jj'cr cent* UI iiupuxuiuiuii. conclusively a want of reciprocity in 1 tariff duties upon these products. * There are millions of acres in the ' South that will produce rice if it can 1 be made remunerative. ( SUGAR AND CORN COMPARED. Following out this idea I will com- , pare the sugar -with the corn of the , North and West. Under the present j bill corn is protected by a duty of 15 < cents per bushe], and 20 per cent ad J valorem under the Wilson bill of , 1893. ' - . In 1895 the corn crop amounted to * 1,212,779,052 bushels with imports ( amounting to 16,575 bushels. One j small train load of corn would repre- } sent the total imports lor 1S95. In s 1894. with four hundred million more ? corn produced, the imports were only j \ 2,000 bushels. } ( Comparatively speaking the imports (( of corn amounted to nothing. j ( During the year 1895 there was pro- j , duced 729,392,561 pounds of cane ' suggarand 37,617,076 gallons of mo- ] lasses. During that year 3,574 510.- , 454 pounds of sugar and 15,075,S79 | gallon? of molasses was imported. . The duty on sugar is 40 per j cent ad valorem, and on molasses j from 2 to 4 cents per gallon. < In this case there was five times as j much sugar imported as produced,and < nearly one-half as much molasses. I shall not attempt to go into details ( or bring forward any theories in. con- j j aeciion with this comparison, butsim-j { ply say that there is something radi-1 ( caiJy wrong as this showing discloses j j and the burden as usual falls upon the South. When, cn the one hand, we j find no corn being imported, and on j ] at- - ? ?"u a a? i . tee oilier .mure taau ? auo;o v/i {j sending their sugar to our shores the j} conclusion must force itself upon I) everyone that a grave injustice is j, ing perpetrated, and a fair reciprocity 11 does not exist. If raw sugar received the same fostering care from the government as the manufacturers cf New England it would require but a few , years for the South to produce all the j : sugar we consume. But the present j' bill by means of its differential duty j1 largely favors the refiners at the ex- j" pense of the producers. j j Mr. Speaker, is it not time for some , representative from the Cotton States . 1 ii - a e it-;- XT 1 J to stana on lub uour ui llus uuusoauu defend the interests of the cotton ; planter? Should not a reciprocity of " protection for his toil be demanded? Why should the wheat grower ba pro tected against his near neighbor, and ' the cotton planter left to be plunder- * ea by the whole world? In my opin- , ion it is an outrage and should no longer be permitted. The amendments ' which I will propose, placing a duty j f of 2? cents per pound on all imported ; cottori, and 2 cents per pound on uncleaned rica, are but simple justice to the South. If you decline to accept my amend -! ; meat for a duty on raw cotton, then you should, in justice, strike out from this bill all duties on the manufactured article. This would reduce the price: , of cotton eoods and thereby increase their consumption, and as a result the 1 prica of raw cotton would be increas- \ ed by reason of increased demand. The profits of th3 manufacturer are 1 enhanced just as much by free raw * material as by high duty on the fin- * ished product. But, Mr. Speaker, I \ have seen enough and heard enough' \ in she committee room and elsewhere 1 to know that no duty will be jiraposed | * ? -i* vTrr?n !/{ in- ! ^ VII 1'O.Wi WLIVU, L/cu&uot iit MVbuv* **? J crease at least the price of long staple s and thereDj lessen the profits of the ; New England mills. The mills using .l this cotton are situated entirely in ; New England. The people producing : this cotton are in the South. This i3 quite suilicient to outweigh argument and justice. COTTON PLANTER PLUNDERED. ; 1 i will make but one more compari- j c son, and ihat between wheat and cot- j \ ton, tlie two great money crops ci j this country. In 1395 the wheat crop I amounted to 460,267,416 bushels, while i the imports that year vras 1.433,299 I J bushels. The amount of cotton produced in -son:: ? - - - AO!? OiT- -f.'iA ~ v-.-?.- Tl-Q ! wtvs o Uv>y,.7vi(yv.7 younua, i imporls of cough during" the same \ear was 49.332.022 pounds- It will j be seen that the per cent of imports in wheat was only about one-third of the per cent of imports in cotton. The McKinley bill or 1890 gave wheat a protection of 25 cents per bushel, and the Wilson bilJ of 1893 20 per cent ad valorem. It is hardly necessary for me to say that cotton is and has been on. the fres list. While the importation of wheat does net seem to increase, the imports.of cotton are mak in? rapid sli-ides. While the bulk of wheat importation comes from Canada and British Columbia, no less than fifteen different countries are sending raw cotton to our shores. The imports of raw cotton have increased from 3,924.531 pounds in 1SS7 to 55,350,520 pounds in 1SS6. It is a mistake to assume that all the cotton imported is long staple. Out of the imports of 1896 but 43,574,7(50 pounds came from E*ypt, leaving nearly tvrelve million pounds to oe e-?>-r>f or* Tf" is cofe=! trt infer that all of this is not long staple cotton. Just how much is short staple I have been unable to ascertain. Be the amount what it will, it is a danger signal that should not remain unnoticed . SOUTH ASKS JUSTICE OXXiY. Mr. Speaker,the people of the South are entitled to this consideration. They have the ri^ht to demand equal and exact justice with other sections at the hands of Congress. It is unfair, unwise and Un-American to compel them to bear more than their share of the burdens of government. This importation of raw cotton strikes at the very vitals oi trie one great; industry j of the South. It is a standing menace to the cotton planter which but few seem to realize. Fifty five million pounds of cotton is not far from 120,000 bales. This represents the product . of nearly, if not quite, 20,000 average farms. It also represents the income 1 of mor3 than 100,000 of the people of . my section. If the manufacturers of the East and the farmers of the West ; are to be protected against the pauper : labor of other countries, have not the people of the South a right to demand a similar safeguard? Is it fair to ask 1 Liie people of tn? aoutn to suomit to ; certain conditions which the East and : the West refuse to endure? X have made no distinction in regard to the different kinds of cottoD, since they ' ire all affected by these imports. It j by reason of this duty long; staple cot- ton should be excluded, much of the J land now used in producing short staple would be used in producing the * long staple. This would lessen the ' nop of short staple and increase its J price. In this indirect manner the \ grower of short staple would be bene- k ited. It is assumed by some that these ? iuties on wheat, corn, oats, barley \ md other product? of the North and i West does not increase their price. J if that be true, why are these duties * .mposed? Are such duties placed up- [ )n the statute books to deceive? Are J ;hey intended as bribes to the North- 1 :rn and Western farmers from the ;unnicg manufacturers of New Eag&nd, Mr. Speaker,if the duties upon agri- } :uitural products of the North ana } F7est should be eliminated from this 2 Dill it would be voted down, by this s EEouse. I am led to believe that the f lisasters that overtook the wool grow- j ;rs because of the Wilson bill, which [ nade his product a free raw material, g .ogether with the promise of a proiec- c ,ive duty by the .Republican party, 2 *as one of the potent factors which compassed the defeat of the Demo;ratic party in the late election. THa TvrvW wmtcprnf f.fcft Wpst is nai- S lraliv with us on the paramount issue ind. the tiaie is not far ^i- at, when ^ ae will repudiate the miserable "see- ? aw" sophistry that this bill discloses, * )f legislating higher prices by a tariff, e ma forcing lower prices with a single ;old standard ;he will then unite with c ;he other producers of raw material in 1 iriving you from place and poorer. If 1 ;he agricultural products of tae North ind West are to be favored by nation- 1 il legislation, in the name of justice . md fear dealing, let the agricultural * products of the South receive similar * jonsideration. Let the statute books jf our country disclose a record of 1 'quality and reciprocity to all sections md for all the people. The South is ? A' A/ttinvi rtl TAnW VlO I ?Y ur I'LL j*' U1 LLlia- CUshAKJjLL AW JVUi I Q [t stands today as the most available ? portion of this great nation, where t japital and development can be made x profitable. It is rich in resources, rich i n the variety of its products, and pos- 2 >esses the best labor m the world. It ( seeks no advantages, and only asks c m equal chance with other sections 11 )f the country. Mr. ITcLaurin's speech was the event )f the day in the House, because of its ible advocacy of the doctrine of proecting Southern "raw materials" and especially cotton. As the first of the iew Democratic memosrs 01 tne ways md means committee, all of whom .iold this doctrine, to address the Souse, Mr. McLaurin received especai attention, and many congratlations iot only on the argument he made, < -ut aLso on the admirable way in which he parried the interrogations with which it was attacked. Agricultural Education. Clemson College, March 30?The ;rustees of Clemson College at their C3nt meeting decidided to continue ;ne work of holding farmers1 institutes, ^orangements have already been rtade to hold institutes at the folio wng places: AtGreers, in April; at Fair view, Greenville County, May the 1st.; in Onester County, April 15-16; n Newbsrry County, August 14. these institutes will be held without cost to the community. Members )f the College faculty who arc experts .n the various lines of agriculture, chemistry, horticulture, dairying and veterinary science, will be present. Every coucty in the State has the right to at least one institute. In orier that arrangements may be made ;o cover as much ground as possible with the least expense to the College, parties wishing institutes held in their jornrnunity should address, at an . iarly date, President E. B. Craighead, 1C I 1 Retribution Overtakes Him. Waynesboro, Miss., March 31?J. W. Hollingshead, the white farmer vho was one of the leaders in the celebrated Ch.ambiss lynching case in Washington last year, and who when arrested turned State's evidence f tnd brought about tie conviction of a lumber of his neighbors and the light from the neighborhood of several dozen others who participated in the ynching, was assassinated in his s iwelling, near here, last .night. He ? lad unciressed ana was preparing to ----- t ? ..v? f jet lino oeu, wueu ?u uij.ji.u.uyyjj. ?. ion outside his window fired a load of . juckshot into his body, killing him 1 nstantly. His death will ba a relief ? o some hfty of his former neighbors. The liayalty Seduced. j Beaufort, S. C., March 31.?The g Phosphate Commission to-night cietided to reduce the royalty to 25 cents ^ )er ion on river rock. The reduction joes into effect on April 1st. CoosaTr las 35.000 tons on hand and wants the eduction to affect sales so as to put i r on par with other companies. i BRAND NE<V DOCTORS. IaterefrtiDg Closing Exercises of Charleston j>ledical College. Charleston, April i.?The sixtyeighth annual commencement of tne Medical College cf South Carolina vras held tonight at the Academy of Music in the presence of one of the V?/1 W1 f O +1 Tf QTI/^1. 12U~gC&l* CkLlU. JLLLVOb T t ttiAUl ences ever assembled in the building. A number of the friends of the graduates from out of the city were present to witness the closing exercises of the venerable institution. The exercises were simple in their character, but most impressive and interesting. A pleasing programme, interspersed with musical selections nad been arranged, and was followed, to the pleasure of every one in the house. On the stage were seated the orator of the occasion, Prof. E. A. Alderman, president of the University of North Carolina, the boards of trustees, the faculty, the graduates in medicine and pharmacy, a number of well known physicians and citizens and ]-!7 -n trifoH nf thp ates. The exercises were opened with a prayer by Rev. A. Toomer Porter. D. D.; then followed the annual report and address of the dean, Prof. Francis L. Parker, M. D. The duty of conferring the degree of medicine and pharmacy was imposed upon. Hon. Chas. H. Simonton, president of the board of trustees. The graduates of medicine stepped up to Judge Simonton and received their sheepskins in the following order, as their names were called; E. M. Brailsford, Charleston; L. L. Bell, Elyville, Ark.; R. H. Bryson, Ora, Laurens county; D. E. Connor, Bowman; L. B. Clark, Charleston; W. H. DeSaussure, Jr., Charleston; T. E. Ellis, Hartsville; W. D. Ferguson, Laurens; A. T. G-aOlard, Charleston; Henry Horlbeck, Charleston; Douglas Hamer, r v n . tt t> JUAuriuourg, , a., x . oavwuu, Charleston; J. W. Jervey, Charleston; M. K. Mazyck, Charleston; C. H. May, Yorkville; R. W. Montgomery, Sumter; C. B. Peoples, Estill ;T. M. Schariock, Charleston; R. C. Stoney llonck's Corner; W. G-. Stevens, Chester; J. W. Wessinger, Ballentine, Lexington county; H. H. Wyman, Aiken; W. P. Webb, Rockingham, N. C.; Wm. Weston, Columbia; E. A. Willis, Cottagevilie. The honor roll in medicine was Lhen read as follows: J. W. Wessin?er, M. K. Mazyck. Henry Horlbeck, 3. Wyman, W. D. Ferguson and H. P. Jackson. The graduates in pharmacy next received their diplomas; B. A. Graham, Charleston; R. A. Lindiey Charleston; W. L. Lockwood, Charleston; EL 3. Kellers, M. D., Charleston; J. C. Searson, Allendale. R. L. Lindiey md J. C. Searson were the honor nen in pharmacy. Dr. Manning Simons presented tne college cup to Dr. J. W. Wessinger in an eloquent md chaste speech. The medal for the >est examination in p&armacy was hen presented to Mr. R. A. Lindiey )y Dr. John Forrest?State. Admitted to Ball. Aiken, S. C., March 31.?Solicitor r. William Thurmond, who killed iV. G. Harris in Edgefield, appeared >efcre J udge Aldnch here to-day on ipplication for baiL He was represented by Mr. J. H. Tillman of Edgeield, while Solicitor Bellinger ap)eared for the State. The matter of >ail was practically pro forma and the V 1 _ _ _ AT 30iicncr was release u axter o uugo ixi inch had heard the statements of the ittorneys. The Piano for a Lifetime, The Piano of the South, The Piano Sold Most Seasonably. That's the popular Mathasbek, sold or a Quarter of a Century past by ha ola reliable Ludden & Bates Southirn Music House of Savannah, Gra. Its a great Piano everyway, and one if the many reasons for its popularity s the fact, conceded by all, that it is nore specially adapted for our South>rn Climate than any other Piano aade. .Ludden & Bates are now interested n the Mathushek Factory, and have argely reduced Prices on their Lat !3t Styles. See their new advertisement in this issue, and write them. Indigestion. From which springs, directly or inlirectly, nearly every form of headiche, and sick neadache never seperaed therefrom, is surely and speedily 'elieved and cared by the use of 'Hilton's Life for the Liver and Kidleys." One 25s bottle will convince )f its merit. Try it. Sold by dealers generally. The trustworthy cure for the Whiskty, 3pium, Morphine and Tobacco Habits. ?or further infonnation address The ?eeley Institute, or Draw9r 27, Columbia, 3. C. TS[TT7* yy sh WANT APART ER IN EVERY < TOWN. Postmasters, Railroad Areata, ^pnera j tore Xeeoars. Clerks, Ministers, or any j rther person, lady or gentleman, who can j Levote a little or all of their time to out )Gsi-,ess. We do not want any money in vance, and pay large commissions to hose who work for as. We have the bes <amiiy Jledlcines on earth, and can proLnce lots of testimonials from oar home :eop!e. Send for blank application and circular. Addres*JiiiAZILiAN MEDICLXS CO., 844 Broadway, Aajmsta, Cia Advice to Mothers. ; | ?- : I W-> pleasure In calling your atten Hon to a remedy so long needed In carrying children safely through the critical stage of teething. It is an Incalculable - Di3ssing w motner ana caua n you arc disturbed at night with a sick, fretful, teething child, use Pitts' Carminative, it will give instant relief, and regulate tfca bowela, and make teething safe and easy. It Trill cure Dysentery and Diarrhoea, &a ntts Carminative is an instant -elief for Wji coiic of infants. It will promote digestion, ?1 give tone and energy to the stomach and bowels. The sick, puny, suffering child will soon become the fat and frolic ting joy of the household. It is very pleasant to She taste and only cost 25 cents per bottle, *cld by druggists and by V THE MUSEAY DEUG- CO., Columbia, S. 0. Machinery AND Supplies -1 Engines, Boilers; Saw Mills, Corn Mills, fl Wheat Mills, Planers, Brick Machines, m Moulders, Gang Sdgers. Ana an mas oc wooa. w orcin^ ua a ^ chinery. No one in the South can offer \-^-A yon higher gride goDds, or at lower prices. A Talbott, Llddell and Watertown Engines. We are only a few hours ride from yon. Write for prices. . Light, Variable Feed Plantation Saw Mills a Specialty. V. G. Badhams 1 ' \ T'y General Agent, riOT.TTMRTA. S. O. .... if S ftfII0D17" i ill itlliil dMM | Tie l-iano for a Lifetime, 'She 1-izz.o of the Socti, 5 T!'-c P-Iaae Sold Most Reasonably. ? g ! . w TbO old, original Mathusbek, sold by us | $ for over a, quarter of a century and the a a delight of thousands of Southern homes. \ '] More Mathcsheks used South than of ? }, any other one make. ! \' Lovely New Styles at Reduced Prices, * cheaper than ever before known. f | Styles once $435, now $325. | >' | $ioo saved every buyer. I <am How, because we are now interested In ? the great Mathusbek factory, supply 1 purchaser:-; direct, and save them all in- i ?* tcrmediate profits. Write rs- . E.UDDE3T & BATES, i, Stvanuai, Gu,, and New York City, w *>.1 SEE ' " ' ; .: ?, HERE. IS YOORLIViS WuStGir? Are your Kidneys ia ajtiealthy condition " If so, Hilton's Life for the Liver and Kidneys will keep them so. If not, Hilton's Life for the L*ver ". % and Kidneys will make them so. A 25c bottle will convince . you of this * fact Taken regularly after meals it is an aid to digestion, cures habitual constipation. and thus refreshes and clears both body and mind. SOLD WHOLESALE BY w The Murray Drug Co. COLUMBIA, & C. AND Dr. H. BAER, Charlestons. O. no! mmm. 1 ??? < m No Danger, in Coring One Habit, of Form-.' ? -a u'u aiuxulitu , OPIUM (Morphine, Laudanum) Etc., Cured is from Four to Six Weeks. * > LIQUOR DISEASE Cured Usually in Four Weeks. Also Tobacco Habit and Nervous Diseases, The Cure has been endorsed by the Legis . lature of six States aud one Territory; by ^ -- a ^ > tiie .National OrOvennneni me ouimcra Homes and in the regular army; by many local authorities in the cure of indigent drunkards (morphine and liquor): by Miss. Wallard, the W. C. T. U.; Francis Murphy,' Neal Dow and the I. 0. G. T.: by prominent men all over the land; by 300,000 cured patients, more than 20,000 of these being physicians ^ The Leslie E. Keeley Company and thj^y Keeley Institute of S. C. are responsible co^gjfcf porations which could not afford to put forth V. my claim that they are unable to prove. For printed matter and terms, address, . THE KEELEY INSTITUTE, ir Drawer 27. Columbia, S. C. Mention this paper. ENGINES, j H BOILERS. 1 SAW MILLS, GRIST MILLS, AT FACTORY | jrasojbia. E. W. SCREVEN, ' COLUiCBIA, ...