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I ^ ^ ^ VOLXLVI. WINNSBORO, S. C., WEDNESDAY, MAY 28, 1890. NO. 41. ? M i M 11 ii in i mi i 11 ii Kggsac.uiK?iii mcmmmmmtmmm* THE GOLDEN 111 LK. THE CONFUCT BITW'EENtJ LABOR A NO CAPITAL' Dr. Talma^e (,'liar:tcterize* the W?r as the Greatest t Ju? World lias EverSe< :i-.V i;ale wni snuKiih 31a.nv of the Wrinkles Out of " ^ On S : day morning Dr. Talmuge K preached on "The Old Fight to be W~ Settled," from the text: ""Whatsover ' ye would that men should do you. do " ("Matt. vii? 12. r Following is the sermon: Tsv"t> hundred and fifty thousand laborers in Hyde Park, London, and the streets of America and European cities filled with processions of workmen carrying bunnors, brings the subject _of labor and capital to the r. front. That all tins was clone in 1 peace, and that as a result, in many ! places, arbitration lias taken place. I is a hopeful sign. Tlie greatest war tlie world lias ever seen is between capital and labor. #The strife is not like tiiat wliicli in history is willed the Thirty Years' War, for it is a war of centuries, it is a war of the live continents, it is a rival* hemispheric. The middle classes in this country, upon whom the nation has depended for I aiding the ' balance of power and for acting as mediators between the two extremes, are diminishing: and if things go on at the same ratio as they have for the last twenty years been going on, it will not be very long before there will be no middle class in this country. . but sill will be very rich or very poor, priuces or paupers, and the country will be Jgiven up to palaces and hovels. Tho antagonistic forces have again and again closed in upon each other. You may pooh-hooh it: you may say > that this trouble, like an angry child, will cry itself to sleep: you may belittle it by calling it Fourierism, or SoL cialism, or St. Simonism. or Nihilism, y orCommunism, but that will not hin*/ der the fact that it is the mightiest, /loi-L-ocf mr>sf. terrific threat ^ of this century. Most of tlie attempts nt pacification have been dead failures, and monopoly is more arrogant, and the trades unions more bitter. "Give us more wages," cry the employees. "You shall have less," say the capitalists. "Compel us to , fewer hours of toil in a day." '-You r shall toil more hours," say the others. "Them under certain conditions, we will not work at all," say these. "Then you shall starve," say those, and the workmen gradually using up that which they had accumulated in better times, unless there be some radical i change, we shall hare soon in this country 3,000,000 hungry men unci women. Now, 3,000,000 hungry people cay not ?e kept quiet. All the fcv enactments of Legislatures and all the constabularies of the cities, and all the amy and navy in the United r States cannot keep 3,000,000 hungry people quiet. What then/ Will tills war between capital and labor be sottied by human wisdom? Never. The brow of the oae becomes more ri^id, the list of the other more clinched. I shall first show you this morning how this controversy between monoplv and hard work cannot be stopped. and then I will show you how this controversy will be settled. Futile remedies. In the first place there will come no pacification to this trouble through an outcry against ^ rich men merely because they are w rich. There is no laboring man on earth that would not be rich if he could bo. Sometimes through a fortunate invention, or through some accident of prosperity, a man who had nothing comes to large estate, and we see him arrogant and supercilious, and taking people by the throat just as other people took him by the throat. There is something very mean about human natiu*e when it comes to the top. But it is no more a sin to be rich, than it is a sin to be poor. There are those who have <rafhf?red a <rreat estate through fraud, and then there are millionaires who have gathered their fortune through foresight in regard to changes in the _ markets, through brilliant business V faculty, and every dollar of their esm tate is as honest as the dollar which the plumber gets for mending a pipe or the mason gets for building a wall. There are those who keep in poverty because of their own fault.; They might have been well oft!, but they smoked or chewed up their earnings, or they lived beyond their means, while others on the same wages .ind on the same salaries went 011 to competency. I know a man who is till the time complaining of his porkerty and crying out against rich men, while he himself keeps two dogs, and chews and smokes, and is tilled to the chili with whiskey and beer! Micawber said to David Copperperneld?"Coppertield. my boy, one pound income, twenty shillings and sixpence expenses; result, misery. But, Goppertield, my boy. one pound income, expenses nineteen shillings and sixpence: result, happineas." And there are vast multitudes oi * % people who are kept poor because they are the victims of their own improvidence. It is no sin to be rich, and it no sin to be poor. I protest against this outcry which I hear against those who. through economy and self-denial and assiduity, have come to large fortune. This bombardment of commercial success will never stop ibis controversy between capital and labor. Neither will the contest be settled . by cynical and unsympathetic treatk ment of the laboring classes. There are those who speak of thein as though they were cattle or draughthorses. Their nerves arc nothing, their domestic comfort is nothing, their happiness is nothing. They have no more sympathy for them than a hound has foi a hare, or a hawk for s a hen, or a tiger for a calf. When ? Jean Veijean. the greatest hero of " % A- Ti'.l * Victor Hugo s writings, alter a me oj suftcriug and brave endurance, goes into incarceration and death, tliev clap the book shut and sav: "Good j: ... ? lor JLLIlii. JLJULtr* ^viiiup IJL1C11 It'CC/ indignation and say just tlio opposite of "Save the working classes." The} ^ have all their sympathies with Shy lock, and not Antonio and Portia They are plutocrats and their feeling are infernal. They tire filled with ir ritaiion and irascibility on this sub ject To stop this awful iinbrogli< between capital and labor they will lift not so much as the tip end of the little linger. Neither will there bi- any pacilicaiinn ftf + ]ii? nmTV <-Of!troversvthrough violence. God never 1 >lossed murder. Blow up tomorrow the country scats on the banks of the Hudson. and nil the line houses on Madison square and Brooklyn heights and Brooklyn hill and Rittenhouse square and Beacon street, and all the bricks and timber and stone will just fall back on the bare head of American labor. Tli<? worst enemies of the workingclasses in the United States unci Ireland are their demented co-adjutors. A i'ew _years ago assassination ?the assassination of Lord Frederick Cavendish and Mr. Burke in Phcenix park, Dublin. Ireland, in the attempt to avenge the wrongs of Ireland? only turned away from that afflicted I people millions of sympathizers. The i attempt to blow up the house of comj mous, hi London, had only this effect: to throw out of emplovment tens of 11.1 1?c: ?V, I LiiUUSttXLUS VI JULLLlUVtrUU JL117>1? XIi j | England. In this country the torch put to the I factories that have discharged hands for good or bud reason: obstructions on the rail-track in front ot midnight express trains because the offenders do not like the president of the company; strikes on shipboard the hour ; they were going to sail; or in printing offices the Lour the paper was to go to press, or in mines the day the coal was to be delivered, or on house scaffoldings so the builder fails in keeping his contract?all these are * * ^ ,1 1 1 only a Hard blow on tne neau 01 ! American lalx.-r, and cripple its arms, and lame its feet. and pierce its heart. As a result of one of our great American strikes you find that the operatives lost $400,000 worth of ges. and have had poorer wages ever since. Traps sprung suddenly upon employers, and violence, never t^ok one knot out of the knuckles of toil, or put one farthing of wages into a callous palm. Barbarism will never cure the wrongs of civilization. Mark that! If this controversy between Capital and Labor cannot be settled by human wisdom, it is time for its to look somewhere else for relief, and it points from my text roseate and jubi lant. and puts one hand on the broadcljth shoulder of Capital, and puts the other hand of the Lomespuncovered shoulder of Toil, and says, with a voice that will grandly and gloriously settle this, andsettleeverything. ""Whatsoever ye would that men should do to you. do ye even so to them." The owner of an iron mill, having taken a dose of my text before leaving home in the morning, will go into his foundry, and. passing into what is called the puddling room, he will see a man there stripped to the I waist, and besweated and exhausted | with the labor and the toil, and he j will say to hin: ''"Why, it seems to be very hot in here. You look very much exhausted. I hear ycur child is sick with scarlet fever. If yon want your wages a little earlier this week so as to pay the nurse and get the medicine just coiae into my office any time." After awhile, crash goes the money market, and there is no more demand for the articles manufactured in that iron mill, and the owner, does not know what to do. He says, "Shall I stop the mill, or shall I ran it on half-time, or shall I cut down the men's wagesbf He walks the floor of his counting-room all day, hardly knowing what to do. Towards evening he calls all the laborers together. They stand all around. some witii arms akimbo, some witli folded arms, wondering what the boss is going to do now. The manufacturer says: "Men, business is bad; I dou't make $20 where I used to make one hundred. Somehow there is no demand now for what we manufacture, or butvery little demand. You see. I am at vast expense, and I have called you together this afternoon to see what you would advise. I don't want to shut up the, mill because that would force you out of work and you have always been very faithful, and I like you, *? ' vi 1 iV I ana you seem to iiko mc, ami uie baims must be looked after, and your wife will after awhile want a new ! dress. I don't know what to do.' There is a dead halt for a minute or two, and then one of the workmen steps out from the ranks of his follows. and says: "Boss, you have been very good to us, and when you prospered we prospered, and now you j are' in a tight place, and I am sorry, j and we have got to sympathize.' with ! you. I don't know how the others feel, but I propose that we take ofi 20 per cent, from our wages, and that when the times get good you will remember us and raiYe them again." The workman looks around to his comrades, and says: "Boys, what do you say to this? All in favor of my proposition will say ay." j "Ay! ay! ay!" shout two hundred } voices. But the mill-owner.getting in some ; new machinery, exposes himself very much, and takes cold, and it settles into pneumonia, and he dies. In the procession to the tomb are all the workmen, tears rolling down their cheeks, and oft' upon the ground. buL an hour before the procession gets to the cemetery the wives and the children of those workmen are at the grave waiting for the arrival of the e 1 T'..? iUUtiiii j.iiv juuumcj. ui religion may have delivered un eloquent eulogium before they started from the house, but the most impressive things are sai 1 that day by the working-classes standing around the tomb. That night in all t cabins of the working people lei\ 'Lev have family prayer, the w do\> ; d and the orphanage in the cans >nare remembered. Xo glaring ? chelation look ' over the iron fence of the cemetery: but. hoveling over 1L0 scene, the benediction of God ana .uan is con? i ingfor the fulfillment of the Christ [ 1 like injunction. ""Whatsoever ye vvoulu l that men should do to you. do ye ever ? so to them." "Oh."' says some man here, "that i. all Utopian.that is apocryphal.that :> . impossible." Xo, I cut out of a pa ; per liis: "One of the pleasantesl - incidents recorded in a long time i: - reported from Sheffield. England 3 The wages of the men in the iroi works ut Sheffield are regulated by a board of arbitration, by whose decisions botli masters and men are bound. For some time past the iron and steel trade has been extremely unprofitable, and the employers cannot, without much loss, pav the wages ^ i i i .^4.1, . 11AUU IIJV UUU1U, ? JLiV,'!tilt"X employers nor employed have the power to change. To avoid this diiiiculty, the workmen in one of the largest steel works in Sheffield hit upon a device as rare as it was generous. They offered to work iW tV-ir em I plovers one week without y 'v?y whatever. How much better that is Mian a strike would be.v JLxit you go with me and I will show you?not so far off as Sheffield. England ? factories, banking houses, .store-houses and costly enterprises where this Christ-like injunction of my iext is fully kept, and you could no more get the employer to practice in-wz-v** KlCJ AV ilJLl i-LlJ U.51IWT UJ/UAA JLilO iavu^ va men to conspire against tlie employer, than you could get your right liantl ami your left hand. your right eye and your left eye. your right ear and your left ear. into physiological :mt:igon\sm. Now, where is this to hegin.' In our homes, in our stores, on our farms?not waiting for other people to do their duty. Is there a divergence now between the parlor and the kitchen'' Then there is somethiug wrong, either in the parlor or in the L-'fvlioiv in both. Are the clerks in your stores irate against the iirm? Then there is something wrong, either behind the counter, or in the private office or perhaps both. The great want of of the world today is the fulfillment of this Christlike injunction, that which He promulgated in His sermon Olivetic. Oh." says some wiseacre, "talk as you will, the law of demand and supply will regulate these things until the end of . time." No, it will not unless God dies and the batteries of the i:-!rlorni<vni- fl-tv :1 ro snikpd. and Pluto and Proserpine, king and queen of the infernal regions, take full possession of tliis world. Do you know who Supply and Demand are.' They Ikivc- gone into partnership, and they propose to swindle this earth, and are swindling it. You are drowning. Supply and Demand stand on the shore, one on one side, a]id the other on the other side of the life-boat, and they cry out to you, "Now you pay us what we ask you for getting you fr? flt.o clmvo nv on to flie bottom. If you can borrow So,000 you can keep from failing in business. Supply unci Demand say. "Now. you pay us exorbitant usury, or you go into bankruptcy!" This robber firm of Supply and Demand say to you: "The crops are short. We bought up all the wheat, and it is in our bin. Now. you pay our price or starve!" That is your magnificent law of supply and demand." Supply and Demand own the largest mill on earth, and all the rivers roll over their wheel, ami into their hopper they put all the men, women ami children they can shovel out of the centlU'iorvml "the blootl re'I the bones redden the valley while the miil grinds. That diabolical law of supply and demand will yet have to stand aside, and instead thereof will come the law of love, the law of cooperation, the law of kindness, the law of svmmthv, and the law of Christ. I was reading; some time ago. in regard to charge that had been made in England against Lambeth Palace, that it was exclusive; and that charge demonstrated the sublime fact that to the grounds of that wealthy estate '* -v If ^,1 SOU poor iaminesnauireepussts, imu forty croquet companises. and on the half-day holidays 4.000 poor people recline on the grass, walk through the paths, and sit under the trees. That is Gospel?gospel on the wing, gospel out of doors worth just as much as in doors. That, time is going to come. That is only a hint of what is soing to be. The time is going to come when, if you have anything in your house worth looking at?pictures, pieces of sculpture?you are going to invite me to come and see it? you are j going to invite my friends to come and see it. and you will say, "See what I have been blessed with! God has given me this, and, so far as enjoying it. it is yours also." That is gosj PelAnd now I have two words, one to capitalists and the other to laboring men. To capitalists. Be your own ex ecu tors. Hake investments for eternity. Do not be hke some capitalists I know who walk around among their employees Avith a supercilious air, or drive up to the factory in a manner which seems to indicate they are the autocrats of the universe with the sun and the moon in their vest pockets, chielly anxious when they go +li?viv lol irwin cr rnpn lint t.O 1)G | tiixxvyii^ tiicix xuWvx-^0 ? touched by the greasy or smirched hand and have their broadcloth ini "ired. Be a Christian employer. i.ieruember, those who are under your charge are bone of your boneand flesh of your iiesh, that Jesus Christ died for them and that they are immortal. Divide up your estates or portions with them, for the relief of the world, before you leave it. Do not iro out of the world like that man who died eight or ten years ago. leaving in his will ?20.000,000. yet giving how much for the Church of God? How much for the alleviation of human suffering? He gave some money a little while before he died. That was well; but in all this will of ?20.000,000. how much? One million? Xo. Five hundred thousand? Xo. One hundred dollars? Xo. Two cents? Xo. One cent? Xo. These cities groaningin anguish, nations eryiug out for the bread of everlasting life. A man in a will giv j nig twenty iciLlions oi dollars ami nor one cent to God! It is a disgrace to ; oirr civilization. ! To. l-tlurrinrr inoti; T roilLTatlilatc you on your prospects. I congratu Into you on the fact that you are get ing your representatives at Albany. L at Karrisburg, and at "Washington l This will go on until you will huvt representatives at all the lieadquar; ters. and you will have full justice. > Mark that. I congratulate you alsc - on the opportunities for your chil t dren. Your children are going tc 5 have v:tst opportunities. I congrat . uiate you that you have to work ant i that when you are dead your cliil * c ^ * > I dren will ii;ive to work. I congratulate you also 011 your opportunities of information. Plato paid $1,300 for two books. Jerome ruined himself j financially, by buying one volume of Origon. What vast opportunities for intelligence for you and your children! A workingman goes along by the show window of souie grt at pubT ? ' I TV 1 1. ^.1. .i. Iisning nouse auu ;:e sees a, uuu^ mm | costs >>5. He say. *1 wish I could have that information: I wish I could raise $5 for that costly and beautiful book." A few months pass on and begets the value of that book for 50 cents in pamphlet. There was nevI er such a day tor the workingmen of America as tho day that is coming. iiut tlie greatest friend ?f capitalists and toilers, and the one who will yet bring them together in complete accord, was born on Christmas niurht while the curtains of heaven swung, stirred by the wings angelic. Owner of all things?ail the continents, all worlds, and all the islands of light. Capitalists of immensity, crossing over to our condition. Coming into our world, not by <^itc of palace, but by door of barn. Spending His first night amid the shepherds. Gathering afterward around Him the iislicrnien to be his chief attendants. "With adze, and saw, and chisel, and axe, and in a carpenter shop showing I himself brother with the tradesmen. I Owner of all tilings, and yet on a hillock back of Jerusaleni one day resigned everything for others, keeping not so much as a shekel to pay for His obloquies. Dy charity buried in the suburbs of a city that had cast Him out. Before the cross of such a capitalist, and such a carpenter, all men can afford to shake hand; and worship. Here is the every man's Christ. Xone so high, but He is higher. None so poor, but he was poorer. Ac His feet the hostile extremes will renounce their animosities, and countenances which have glowed with prejudice and revenge of + l\l-i .rllt/Vn It-tfll +ll/? I' Lli. O ??.LJL(.IXJ. K/X Xi^XXVX, XX IliUJ. ti.iv smile of heaven as he commands: "Whatsoever ye would that men should do to you do ye even so to them." ? ? ELCTRIC DEATH LEGALDeci.?ln ol tlio Supreme.Court iu Kcxnmle.'s Case The Lower Court Sustained. "Washington, D. C.. May 23.?Th? Supreme Court of the United States today denied the application for a writ of error in the case of Kemmler, under sentence of death by electricity: opinion by Chief Justice Puller. TH* ~ /?l I ill A mi; ujumuii txjc proceedings in the lower courts leading up to the bringing of the case to this court. The court says that it is urged in Kemmler's behalf that the fourteenth amendment is a prohibition on the State of the imposition of cuel and unusual punishment, this being included in the term "due process of law." The origin of the! phrase, "cruel and unusual punisL^ merit," the court says, wio tkc glisii act oi settlement- of 16S3 anew meant that barbarous methods of i punishment should not be inflicted. | It meant that. a man sliould not bo sentenced to death by torture, but did not mean the death penalty itself was cruel. The court of appeals, the opinion says, held thatthe puishment inilictcd on Kemmler was unusual but there was no evidence to show that it was cruel. The Legislature of New York had the facts bearing upon this question and the court must presume that the Legislated lixeda punishment it thought lesscruel than the formermode. .That decision, the court says, was not against any special privilege set up j by the prisoner and was so plainly I right that the court would not be justified in overruling it The fourteenth amendment- did not materially change the whole theory of the government. Citizenc still *emaiti citizens both of the State and of the United States. The only change is that the amendment furnishes an additional guarantee against encroachment by the State upon the fundamental rights of the citizens of the United States, are, indeed, protected by them. Those are privileges arisiuo out of the essential nature and character of the National Government. The court quotes the opinion in the Hurtado case on the meaning of the phrase "due process of law." The change in the form of death -was in the legitimate sphere of the legitimate power of the State. The Legislature of the State of New York! determined that it did not indict cru-1 el and unusual punishment and its! courts have sustained that determination. This court cannot see that the rvriKonpr hns boon deorived of due process of law. In order to reverse the judgment this court should be compelled to hold that the Court of Appeals had committed an error so gross at to deprive the prisoner of his constitutional rights. The court has no hesitancy in saying it cannot do this. A Modern Fable. There was once a .Long neaaea Man, wlio invented a Household Utensil of such general Utility that instead of giving it a name, setting forth an Intelligible Idea of its Character, he called it simply a Good Thing. So Proud was he of his Good Thing that he would not make its Exisience known hi the Press. "If JPeople will not come in anu as*: lor the Good Thing," lie would say. "I don't Propose to go to the Trouble of Telling Them about It. If People don't Know It when they see it, they must suffer the Consequences of their Blindness." "When a Mortgage was Foreclosed 011 him a Little Later, the Successful Bidder Adver1 tised the Good Thing in Several Papers, and he had Difficulty in Em' ploying a Sufficient number of men to Fill the Red Wagons tiiat Backed Up at his Door. The floral of this Fable is in the Possession of our Ad vertising Agent, who will Disclose it ' in all its Variegated Beauty to all in x j* o i r t> ~ quircrs on receipt 01 ox amp jo: tarn Postage.?Puck. > > ?The Rev. Sam Small, of Atlanta. - lias defiuitelyannounceil hispurposo tc i | be a candidate for the Legislature in lilt JL/vlUVJl lUrtiu ?rx v> . IPUBLIC EXPENDITURES. j THE COST OF THT RUNNING OF OUR STATE GOVERNMENT31 r. K'ix f?. ilray?lon Sliows hov.' Kac'i Out | of 1T:?? A nnu'il vihil#* T.;v I r>vv "siwnt. I To tit?; Editor Oi The* News and I Courier: Tiie call i'or a convention issued by the executive committee of the Fanners Association lias a | great deal to say about the necessity i'or economy, retrenchment and reform ik the administration of our State Government. The demand for economy and retrenchment presupposes the existence of extravagance and wastefulness. The demand for leiurm pi'irs lupuses LIIU CAKMCIUJI; <;i | corruption, or at best management. As the latter charge seems to have been virtually abandoned, as that count in the "indictment" of the executive committee of the Farmers' Association seems to have been nol pros.sod, let as consider the former. ABSOLUTE ECONOMY. Some wee'ks ago I wrote an article for The News and Courier in which an eilbrfc was made to show that this Stute has. relatively to the other states ot tiie union, an economical government. Let us see, if it is not positively economical, if it is possible to reduce taxation so that the reduction will be felt appreciably. The school tax is fixed by the Constitution at not less than two mills. The experience of fourteen years has shown that in Abbeville county (which is taken for convenience) an annual levy of at least three mills is required for ordinary county purposes. In sor.c counties a higher rate is necessary. Very few have a lower. The State levy for this year is live and one-fourrh mills. About two and three-fourths mills ox tins levy are required to i:?.y the interest on the SJfnfn flnlir flivpA scliool tax. ordinary county nui poses and interest on State debt, requiring (in this county) a levy of about seven and three-fourths mills, maybe called fixed charges. iii which 210 reduction is possible unless the State debt can be refunded at a lower rate of interest. All the other expenses of the State Government are paid out of the remaining two and one-half mills levy and the phosphate royalty, and if any reduction can be made it must be " -cn?i . 1 t f> made Here. \\ lint are tno.se expensesr. LEfilSLATIVE DEPAIiTMEXT. about $GOOOO?about S3S.OQO for s;tlaries. and the balance for printing and other purposes. We do not suppose any well-informed man thinks tlie salaries here are too liigh. Those who have been members of the Legislature know that it involves a sacrilice of money as well as of time. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, about $65,000, about &M.OOO for salaries and the balance for other purposes. Tlic bi'! which passed the fclouse ai ia:;t session proposed to Kduce thsr* Governor's s.-.lary $500, Jpttd the salaries of somoSf^to^v,.,^ and their clerks ?300 eaeli. I Lave not the bill boi'oie me, but, according to my recollcciion of it, it would have effected a reduction in this department of only $3,000 to $4,000. The most ardent economists did not want to go farther. THE JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT under existing law requires about J?05,000 per aiuinm. A 'bill passed the House at the last session reducing the salaries of ttic -Judges eacu. or ?5,500 m all. Many think this reduction ought to have been made. I confess I am not one of the number. Before the war twelve or thirteen Judges, with eggregate salaries of ?86,000 or S30.000. attended to the business of a litigating population of 275,000. Now (lc-ven Judges, with aggregate salaries of .<:W,00l>. attend to the business of a litigating population of over a million. They have ii/>o-..l-tr .1 a miv'n wnrlv I'O do :llld ?y t i vv itxi.iv their expenses are heavier. PEXAL AND CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS. The next iteiu is penal and charitable institutions, including the Penitentiary. 13ie Lima tic Asylum and the Asylum for the Deaf. Dumb and Blind, to which mavbc added for convenience the Catawba Indians. These I require for this year an appropriation of $133,325. The Penitentiary sii]> ports its civil officers, and no reduction in the others is possible, so far as anyone has sbc.vn. The next is the health department. Some contend that this department is useless. That is a question of policy. The appropriation, S13.000. is certainly not excessive. The next is the tax department. The appropriation for this is ?25.iO'J. 822,900, for salaries of auditors, and w.1-An r,,-,. f.-.T nmlifnrs mid C* ? WUU i WJL j/i J\S4. treasurers. The salaries of the auditors are low enough, and the printing is ubsolutely necessaiy. COST OP' HIGHER EDUCATION. The next is the appropriation l'or educational institutions, including the South Carolina College SJL2.000. the j Citadel *:>0.100, CMinCollege $.5.000.! the "Wmtbrop Training School ?5.400. and the Clemson College $43,000, sJiirvrtn (-innis* lvrsnns art; IUU11 -LUV1UV _ opposed to any appropriations for higher education. It may be taken to be the settled policy of the Stale, how ever, that these institutions shall be maintained. If they are to be main taiiiecl it is hard to sec iio*A' it can oe done on less money, unless it bo in the case of tlie South Carolina College. The next appropriation is under the general head of miscellaneous. The appropriations under this aggregate foi this year $177.956.02. Two items, the State House and pensions, amount to $111,200. Then there arc expenv.iilvno,1 /t/Mvtiriisciirm. S7.800: expenses incident to elections, *20.200: claims. *15.000:transportation of convicts, ?5.000? leaving a balance of 8l2.75G.02. only about $6,400 of which are permanent appropriations. The State House appropriation will linish the work unless the Legislature sees lit to complete the outside. The salaries c.nd expenses of the railroad commission are paid by the railroads. It is plain that any reduction under this head is impracticable. CANNOT EE FOUND. > Where then is tlie great leakage we i have hear so much of.' * Notwithstanding all the talk about o \ /i tmomamm m ? *- ?c aa w.wn tlic necessity for economv and retrenchment where enn it "v efiected. unless by :i reduction of less than : *10.000 in 1 lie salaries of the Judges :ind State officers, and about the same amount in the appropiiution^for j tlio South Carolina College.' Tills would eti'ect a saving of about S20.000.x or one-seventh of a mill, about fourteen cents to a man paying taxes on si.000 worth of property. If the appropi iation for the militia si-1,000. be discontinued the rcduc- . of the three items would be only about one-fourth ol" a mill, or twentylive cents to a man paying taxes on ?1,000 worth of property. L.'v.vL'.^ rva:Mi>i.?<. Is it true. thou, that our people are biu*dened. oppressed. ground down to the earth. with unnecessary tasatioiif Is it possible to make a reduction that vv-ill bo sensibly felt, unless and until the State debt can be refunded at a lower rate of interest? The State Government is on trial , before the people of the State. . The Hnpictment is preferred against every department of it. Having been 1 a member of the committee on ways ' and moans in the last House, and : knowing how earnestly and faithfully , I labored to bring every appropriation , down ;,o the lowest point consistent with e'ficiency in the administration ' of the Government. Ifeel it to be my J duty to the other members of the i committee, as well as to myself, to , plead not guilty to the charge pre- , ferred in the "indictment" Ellis G-. Gkaypos. Abbeville, May 1!), 1890. ] CARRiED UP INTO A CLOUD- < A V/oman, Two Men ami Horses Swept . Orit of by a Cyclone. On the day following the terrible cyclone of May-ith in Hamilton county a man and a woman, seated in a . two horse wagon, were going along ' the Hamilton and Goldtliwaite road j in the direction of Groldthwaite. The , oil" lior.se was gray. Following them | was :i man cn horseback and a loose j horse. "Witnesses, whose veracity \ can not be doubted, say that they s:iv." the cyclone strike the parties and J saw them earned high in the air. where they were swallowed up by the c, dark cloud and were not seen again, j The man 011 horseback was sitting on * his horse in the air when last seen , The woman was taken from the wagon and was plainly seen in the j air higher than the tops of the trees. One of the eye witnesses was a lady. ' who-fainted at the sight. 1 At the time the cyclone struck them these people were whipping 1 their horses, evidently trying to run ( out of reach of the storm. The = identity of the parties is unknown. f They were seen passing along the ,c Goklihwaite road, at Capt. Jolm D. 1 Hunt's ranch, a short time before the I cyclone. They were no doubt straig- * ers traveling through the country. A large number of men have been } searching the surrounding country * for their bodies. Nothing so far has -? i i? f been iouiid except a ouncn 01 wom? ~ jojusli satchel. a ( pair oi saddle oags Willi sncep wnettio-r-: in them, and a man's vest with blood on it. Pieces of flcsli have been ' picked up, but it is impossible to dis- tinguish whether it is that of a human ] being or riot. A wagon tongue, sup- f posed to belong to this wagon was found stove into the ground some } distance away. The general impression is that the ' people, wagon and horses were all ] torn to atoms by the cyclone ard will 5 never be found.?Dallas. Texas,News. - - - ? 1 * c xomaiiriivivcii uy Sax Francisco. May 19.?News 1 was received here last night by the i steamer Zealandia that in a great .f storm on March 4th the schooner * Eliza Mary was driven on the reefs 1 tic Maliieolo, in the New Hebrides. It was impossible to see anything ' through the blinding rain till just be- < fore the ship struck. There were on < board at the time a crew of eighteen. 1 two passengers, forty four recuits 1 1 l.iKrtvo-v' m-iI ciJLiLl liltv'CJLL J. VLUlllUi^, AM.1.VA4. ing a total of seventy-nine men. The first boat which was lowered was : manned by four white men and sev- < eral of the black crew. The boat was : dashed to pieces while going on shore ' and the four white men drowned. ; Those who remained on board the ship were saved. Several of the re- : cuits swam for the shdre and were j either drowned or killed after landing. : One boy had to fight his way from ; shore to the mission station distant ten miles.* He, with twenty of his companions, went with some natives to a village near the coast. They were given food, but while eating the savages set upon them and began tomahawking the castaways. The boy ran and escaped. In all four white j men and forty-seven blacks were i 1 x j 10SX. Sullivan to Fight in Virginia. New Yoicn. May 22.?Col. J. 31. Bailey of Virginia. iielvl a consultation Avitli John L. Sullivan this morning. The result of the conference "was that Sullivan agrees to light Joe mcAuMe for ?10.000 in July, and Jackson for ^2-j.OOO in August. Each battle will take place in Yir- . : ginia under the auspices of the Vir! ginia Athletic Club. ir;;irt/i Ot!i;uiiin:.iiij v.. Denver, Col.. May 2'2.?J. H. Vinccnt, mining broker, died bore yesterday. after sensational experiences with Christian Scientists, of which sect liis wife is a member. "While suffering fvom Bright's disease, two months ago. Vincent was attended by two leading physicians, who pronounced his disease incurable. Then 3Irs. Vincent drove them out of the house and forbade their return. The invalid's mother even was forced out of her lodgings in the same house because :sho protested. Every evening prayers were recited, and. despite ibe sufferings of thepatient.no medicine v,*as administered. V.T.en the humane society demanded admission, the sick man was propped against a window and forced to say he was being treated all right. ?A fashionable* visiting: card in Berlin is an African importation. It is a leaf of the silver poplar, which keeps its color when dried and can be easily written upon It delights fashionable Berlin under the name of "Emin Paslia's visiting: card." \voxi>i:i;rn. teaching! BLIND, DEAF AND DUMB, BUT TAUGHT TO SPEAK. ? i, A Southern Girl's J'aticnce ar<l Determina- i tion Work a ."Miracle?The Faculty of Articulato Spcech Acquired Thraugh'tlic j Sense of Feel in . ~ I Mow York Ilenitd. Heleu Keller, it deaf, dumb and blind girl from Tascumbia, Ala., whose remarkable mental development in tlie face of tremendous handicaps imposed 011 her by,'nature has been the theme of much delighted comment, has within the last six weeks been taught to speak intelligibly. This is the only authenticated case of the kind that h:is ever been known hi the world. The quickness , with which Helen has always imbib ed knowledge seemed a little less than a miracle. In one vear she acrjuired a vocabulary of 1,500 words, ] the average vocabulary being from < 1.200 to 1.400 words, even of those 1 ivho cannot see. Her great efforts j to make herself understood and her ( liscouragemcnt at failure convinced ? tier relitives that a tremendous in- < iellectual force must be locked up ^ ivithin her. for which an outlet must ] + ..7 ' ijvs :uuj '.u \ji. >?v^llav*. ^ Her family consulted v/itii 2>Ir. Anog- i 10s of tlie Perkins Institution for the Blind, and lie sent to them as a teach- \ :-r for the child Miss Anna M. Sulli- c ran, who has continued her teacher < md constant companion ever ( since. __ < Helen has now acquired a knowledge ? of French, German, Latin and Greek, f md her English vocabulary has in- t jreased until she is mistress of three i ;housand words. She is also pas- j iionately fond of music and - danc H4*. I LEARNING SOUND BY TOUCH. A reporter called upon Miss Sulliraxi and succeeded in overcoming c .hat lady's modesty sufficiently to 1 >btain some information regarding t :he astonishing development of her | a ittle charge. ^ "Helen,' said Miss Sullivan, "has | c mown lor a long time that other peo- t )le spoke, and.lias been very eager to i earn to talk herself. For instance. - J >he tried to say Tnamina" and 'papa,' r Lceenting the first syllable. She had r. ried this by placing her hand on my L hroat and lips, getting the motion 2 )f them and duplicating it. She be- v ran to make sounds, but they were I juite unpleasant, and did not really L onstitute talk. I concluded to take ler to Miss Sarah Fuller. who is t' nincipal of the Horace Mann school, c Hiss Fuller began immediately to I each her. Of course she could not r mderstand I?Iiss Fuller, and I lave acted as interpreter. Her sense of touch is very acute, ;o I would spell the words out to her >n her hands with my hands, and she y<yald follow my directions. For nsiaiice i -a uiuui?r??-a?.?? ,vay. OJiss F uller wants you to put C your tongue in the roof of your a nouth.' and she would do so. At l< ler first lesson Miss Fuller gave her ]j ;lie same words, 'mamma' and *papa\ j vhich she had been trying to say. i :eaching her to place the accent on f, :he last two syllables, or in other r vords. showing her the length of the 3 syllable. \ FIRST STEPS IN A DIFFICULT ROAD. ^ "You see that in those two words :lie child acquired the sound of M, P ^ ind A. and when she got those e rounds of course she could say a ^ rreat many other words containing g chat combination of letters. Xn that ^ same lesson she was given the words s is' and *it," which gave her the sound c 3f short I, S and'T, and with that y combination she could make any j. svord with that combination of let- ^ TIia move words she le>n*r>ed . the greater fluency she acquired." Helen, who will be ten years old next July, has visited Miss Fuller but eleven times, yet she has now a command of language rare in a child of twelve. She lias. not the slightest perception of light or sound, being totally deaf and blind. But the acuteness of her remaining senses, and especially that of touch and feeling generally, has been brought to perfection by constant exercise. "While the reporter was talking Helen came bounding into the room. Physically and mentally she is no way behind the children of he; years. She is wonderfully pretty and has a very intelligent face. Not withstand- j ing the rapidity oi' her physical devel- j opuient her frame is fitly proportion- r M lir-r stnhn-f! erect, her features ' symmetrical and her figure wonder- * fully graceful. Her tones are. to be ^ sure, a triHe guttural and there is a t slight pause between each word, but the tone is not especially disagreea- ] ble. and the enunciation is sufficient- , ly distinct to enable one to under- j stand what she is saying. "I am going to learn to make my voice sweet. I am going home in June." Helen said to the reporter. **I shall talk to my dear little sister and :1 piv parents and my brothers and all." These sentences seemed very pa- ( ihetic. but their pathos w;;s relieved . by the expression of delight that i played over the mobile countenance of the gill as she anticipated the . great pleasure vrliicli her acquirement oi' anew faculty would cast into that Southern home. Her teacher says that the brightest tain? about her is that she judges so quickly what a word must- sound like. She is tireless in her search for information" and her hunger for knowledge is insatiate. A Fortune Under a Ma.tM:yss. On going to bed at the Paiacc Hotel late on Monday night A. 1). "Westfield. a wealthy resident of New York placed ?18.000 in bills under the i.v.tro?? nt' Ijis b?d. :md when he arose Tuesday iuoinh;g. shortly be-i fore the departure of the overland! train by the Southern route, he for- j "iz-inoriii tltr-l);?sfpof liis rren- i arations for leaving. Reaching the ferry, li^ thought of it. returned to tho hotel ma flustered state, and got it. A BLOODY AFFRAY. Murder and Kobbery at Ashley Junction Near Charleston. The Xewsand Courier of the 21st contains the following account of a fracas in the store of Fritz Hotiing^er. near Ashley Junction: At 9 o'clock there were in the store 3Ir. ?Yitz Hottinger, his clerk, IT".. 1 ? oil nf ALT. ALliilCi" UIlll LI CUlUivU uwj>, u-u. w these being behind the counter. Besides these three there were a few customers, as is the fashion, lounging about and waiting until the close of the store. Suddenly, when things were in this condition, two colored men appeared in the light outside the_ door inside the fence which encloses the store. One of the men had his rifle raised and the other a shot gun. Mr. Hottinger nme -nr>ovl v rmnncif P flip " OUVilVfUjj X1V.UM. ij w? door, and it is a -wonder he was not riddled with bullets. Both negroes began tiring. The smoke of the guns, together with the blaze of the powder and the suddenness of the attack, uad the effect of paralyzing all the ?nergies of those in the store. Those tvho were not behind the counter broke and ran, most of them into the jack part of the store and others enleavoring to make then* escape ;hrough the windows. It was a case )f save who can. Five shots were ired. ihe double ban-el gun going oU ;wice and the "Winchester being fired :hree times. Mr. Hottinger fell at umost the first fire. He was struck n the shoulder. The two robbers aad murderers :hen rushed into the store, counting correctly on the utter demoralization )f everything and everybody inside. 3ne of-them, the man with the Win:hester rifle, ST>ran2 over ihe counter aid seized -the till which he rifled of ibout one hundred. dollars. "While his was being: done the clerk and the legro boy began to realize the des>erate situation. The clerk undaunt:d made for Mr. Hottinger'sgun. but he boy being nearer sized it and got eady to fire. But so quickly was everything tone that the two desperadoes had eft the store and were going of up he State road, in the angle of which nd the railway the store is situated. Dhe colored boy with the gun came >ut and tired, and the retreating rob>ers returned the lire. In this last nplpp a <->nlotw! 711 art iinmed Marcus 'eiikins was killed. He was on tlie latfonn near the Berkeley phos?liate mills and was sliot through the :ead. The likelihood is that the neto with the Winchester rifle fired rhile running backwards and the >a!l took a -wide range to the west. itting the man Jenkins as stated. Besides Jenkins there was near on he platform of the Berkeley mills a olored man named Thomas Williams. le was also hit by a ball on the ight leg. CAPf. TILLMAN MUST ANSWER ^ 'ol. Butler's He cent Letter Caxmoi;be Pjus? ?;<1 by in Silence. TV> rV vufz-.r r.( the News and Courier: I have just been showITDr" =s?.?... friend Commissioner Butlers open stter to Capt. B. E. Tillman, pubished in the News and Courier in re?ly to charges made by him in his mderscn speech. I am free to conwss that I have been a warm sup>orter and an ardent admirer of Capt. ."iliman, because I believed him to >e a sincere and true friend of the armer, and that when he uttered the barges of Rottenness, corruption," tc\, etc., against the State officers hat he had indubitable proof, how t ? a ver much, we mignt regret it, ana hat they woull be sustained. But ince reading Commissioner Butlers aim and dignified reply, and which eenis to me so truthful that I am ozivijiced that Capt. Tillman must )ring forth positive proof to sustain he charges mf.de not only against he commissoQcr, but against the >ther State offi cers, or he will and y nust go to the walL Mere accusation will not do, if the :harges are not sustained b}* positive "W? md undeniable proof. I don't beieve that the honorable people of south Carolina will elevate by their rotes any man to rule over them who vill deliberately make false charges ;o the injury o: the gentlemen who ' > J-l- - 1---1 L lave been piaceu m tae luijue&i, vmies within the gift of the people? nen who have served their country ;o well, both in peace and war. The ;rue men of South Carolina will not sennit any man to go into the high md distinguished office of Governor >ver the bodies of men who have jeen attempted to be dragged down by j Jalse and unsustained charges. Capt. / Fillman must reply to Commissioner ? Butler s letter of denial with proof, >r he will and must go down to pos:erity "unwept, unhonored and unhung." He cannot, he dare not, try :o escape by remaining silent, and if r-rr-r- l inr- son of this State trill use every honorable effort to defeat him. and will defeat him. W. W. Wilson. A Certain Man. A preacher, who had great "liberty." was preaching from a part of [lie thirtieth verse of the tenth chapter of Luke.?"A certain man went. -T/.vi/'hn mid fpl] sijioncr : y thieves." He opened his discourse thus: "ilv brethren, the Bible is a . very wonderful book. It says so much in a word. Xow. there is very Little said about the character of this man that fell amer.g t* ; ;7i:aves; but I know just what soil or a man he was. And, first he was a sober man; secondly, he was a punctual man: * thirdly, he was an industrious man: and. fourthly, he was a married man. And I learn all this about the man from one single word that the Bible says about mm: 11 says l?v was sextain man. Now. \vc all know that >? there is 110 certainty in a drunkard, there is 110 certainty in a man who is ^ not punctual to his engagements, no certainty in an idle loafer, and there is not. one of these bachelors in forty that you can srusi. ?A pretty incident accompanied tlie shower cf nee at a recent wed- d dmg. As tiio departing couple were showered with rice; a flock of city 1 sparrows swooped down and covered fl the pavement, and before theyliew away not a grain of rice was left. fl ....