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S r. -.. 115 THE CELESTIAL CITY. | Dr. Talmago Proach.es a Sermon in and About Jerusalem. -: Bow the* I'laee is Associated with the Sav jy. lonr. Solomon, and David?Thoughts A!?ont the Cracifixion and Christ's Suffering:?A Sym'ms! <->* TTftavesi. At a large gathering of Christian people in Jerusalem recently, Rev. T. De Witt .Talmage was the preacher. His text was Matthew xxiii, 37: ".Jerusalem! Jerusalem'/' The sermon i-i appended: This exclamation burst from Christ's lips as he came* in sight of this great _ city, and. although things have marvelously changed, who cm vi<ir, Jerusalem to-day without having us mighty past roll over him, and ordinary utterance must give place for the exclamatory as we cry: O Jerusalem, Jerusalem! Disappointed with the Holy Land many have been, and I have heard good friends say that their ardor abou i sacred places had been so dampened that they were sorry they ever visited Jerusalem. But with mo the city and its surroundings are a rapture, a solemnity, an overwhelming emotion. 0 Jerusalem, Jerusalem! The -procession of kings, con querors, poets, and immortal men and women pass before me as I stand here. Among the throng are Solomon. David, and Christ. Yes, through these streets and amid these surroundings rode Solomon, that wonder of splendor and wretchedness. It seemed as though the world exhausted itself on that man. It wove its brightest flowers into his garland. It cAt. ?+.? rirVhpsf-, trftms into his coronet. It pressed the rarest wine to his lips. It robed him in the purest purple and embroidery. It cheered him with the sweetest music in that land of harps. It greeted him with the gladdest laughter that ever leaped from mirth"-; iip. It sprinkled his cheek with spray : -:n the brightest fountains. Royalty had no dominion, wealth no luxury, LroId no glitter, flowers no sweetness. smg no melody, light no radiance, upholstery no gorgeousnes, waters no gleam, birds no plumage, prancing coursers r.o mettle, architects no grandeur but it was all his. Across the thick grass of the lawn, fra grant with tufts of cainphire from Ungedi, foil the long shadows of trees brought from distaut forests. Fish pools, fed by artificial channels that brought the streams from hills far away, v.-ere perpetually rullled with fins, and golden scales shot from water cave to water cave with endless dive and swirl, attracting the gaze cf foreign potentates. Birds that had boon brought from foreign aviaries" glanced and fluttered among tbo foliage, and callcd to their mates far beyonc? the sea. From the royal stables there came up -the neighing cf twelve thousand horses, standing in blankets cf Tyrian purple, chowing their bits over troughs of gold, waiting for the King's order to be brought out in front of the palace, when the official dignitaries would leap into the saddle for some grand parade, or, harnessed to somo of the fourteen hundred chariots of 'he King, the fiery chargers with. Haunting inane and throbbing nostril would make the earth jar with tho tramp of hoors ?">I the thunder of wheels. "While w>- t and without the palace you could r. think <mm^^f^asingleJUixurv that could rdded, '^^oroT^ single splendor tin* M be kindled, down on th? bank> o: '.<> sea the dry-docks of Ezion-gebrr : - with the hammers of the shipwrigr wore constructing larger vessels f still wider commerce, for all Imvl !lines were to robbed to make n? S >raonrs glory. No rest till his kecis shall cut every sea, his axrncn hew ovr--v forest, his arohers strike every rave his fishermen whip every stream. !-' < merchants trade in every bazar, his nr.me be honored by every tribe; and r yalty shall have no dominion, wealth r.o luxury, gold no glitter, song no :"dody, light no radiance, waters nog>:-:;:. birds no plumage, prancing coursers n; mottle, upholstery no gorgeousn--.i tccture no giandeur, but it v.*as r.': "Well," you say, ''if there: .-.v man. happy, he ought to he." But : / ir him coming through the palacc, ; : his >.robes actually incrusted with \v. Is, as "he stands in the front and I >Tcs out upos^the vast domain. What cl.-cs he say? "vSing Solomon, great is your dominion great is your honor, great- is your joy?"No. While standing here' amidst all the splendor the tears start, and his heart breaks and he exclaims:. "Vanity of vanities; all is vanity." WVinr.' Solf.Tnfin not. Tinrvntr Xr>. not happy. Tho honors and the emoluments of this world bring so many cares with them that they bring also torture and disquietude. Pharaoh sits on ono of the highest earthly eminences; yet ho is miserable because there are some people in his realm who do not want any longer to make bricks. The head'of Edward I. aches under "his crown because the people will not pay the taxes, and Llewellyn, Prince cf Wales, will not do him homage, and Wallace will be a hero. Frederick William III. of Prussia is miserable because France wants to take the Prussian provinces. The world is not large enough for Louis XLY. and'William III. Thr> ghastliest suffering, the most shriveling fo^rs, the most rencung jealousies, the most gigantic disquietude, have - wa'ked amidst obsequious courtiers, and b^en. clothed in royal apparel, and sat on ^Jilagment seats of power. ^ Honor and truth and justice can not go so^high up in authority as to be beyond th&range of human assault. The pure and the good in all ages have been execrated by the mob who cry out: "Not this man, but J>r;rabbas. Now, Itarflb.bas was a robber." Fry honesty, by Chris- J tian principle, I would have you seek for the favor and the confidence of your fellow men; but do not look upon some high position as though that were always sunshine. The mountains of earthly honor arc like the mountains of Switzerland, covered with perpetual ice and snow. Having obtained the confidence and love of your associates, be content with such things as you have. You brought nothing into the world, and it is .very certain you can carry nothing out. '"Cease ye from man, whose breath is in his nostril*." There is an honor that is worth possessing. but it is an honor that comes from God. This day rise up and take it. "Heboid what manner of ioi-j the Father hath bestowed upon us. that we should be called the sons of God? Who aspires not for that royalty? Com" now. and be kings and pr:ests unto God and the Lamb forever. If wealth and wisdom could have satisfied a man. Solomon would hnvo hppr> satisfied. To say that Solomon, was a millionaire give* bus a very imperfect idea of the property he inherited from David, his f*t::<-r. lie had at his command jrold to tho value of ?'080.000.000 and hehadsi'vert ">ihe valueof?l. 029,000.377. Tho Queen ?f Sheba made him a nice little prescnc of ?720.000. and Hiram made him a present of the same amount. If he had lost the value of a whole realm out of his pocket ii would have hardly been worth his while to stoop down and pick it up. He wrote one thousand and live songs. He wrote three thousand proverbs. He wrote about almost every ibing. ino laoio says distinctly lie wrote about plants, from tko cedar of Lebanon to tho hyssop that groweth out of the wall, and about birds and beasts and fishes. Xo doubt he put off his royal robes and put on hunter's trappings and went out with his arrows to bring down nhe rarest specimens or birds: and then , with his fishing' apparatus ho went clown ' to the stream to bring up the denizens of the deep, and plunged into the forest and found the rarest specimens of flow- : ers; and then ho came back to his study and wrote books about zoology. tho science of animals; about ichthyology, the scienco o? fishes; about ornithology, the science of birds; about botany, the ; scicnce of pl -nts. Yet, nothwithstandi ing ail his wisdom and wealth, behold | his wretchedness, and let him pass on. j Did aiiy other city ever behold so wonI derful a man? O Jerusalem, Jerusalem! But here passes through these streets, as in imagination I sec him, quite as wonderful and a far better man. David the conqueror, the king, the poet. Can it be that I am in the very city where he lived and reigned? David great for nower. and creat for grief. He was wrapped up in his boy, Absalom. He was a splendid boy, judged by the rules of worldly criticism. From the crown of his head to the sole of his foot there was not a single blemish. The Bible says that he had such a luxuriant shock of hair that, when once a voir it was shorn, w?at was cut off weighed over three pounds. But, notwithstanding all his brilliancy of appearance he was a bad boy and broke his father's heart. Ho was plotting to get the throne of Israel. He had marshaled an army to overthrow j his father's government. The day of battle had come, and the conflict wa3 begun. David, the father, sat between J- -e -4-1 1 - ~ ~ -C d-\r% xno gaies 01 inc piiiuuc; iui tidings of the conflict. Oh, hov.* rapidly his heart heat with emotion! Two great questions were to bo decided ?the safety of his boy and tho continuanco o" tho throne of Israel. A-fter a while, a servant, standing on the j top cf tho house, looks off, and he sees some one running. lie is coming with ; great speed, and the man*on the top of I the house announces the coming of tho __a IV. c- OTW7 messenger, uiiu tuu lamu njwiiw waits, and as soon as the messenger from the field of battle comes within hailing distance the father cries out. Is it a question in regard to the establishment of his throne? Does he say: "Have the armies of Israel been victorious? Am I to continue in my imperial authority? Have I overthrown my enemies?" 0, no. There is ono question that springs from his heart to the lip, and springs from tiie up into toe ear of the besweated ana bedusted messenger flying from tho battlefield? tho question: "Is the young man Absalom safe?"' When it was told to David, tho King, that, though his armies had been victorious, his son had been slain, tho father turned his back upon tho congratulations of tho nation, and went up tho stairs of his palace, his heart breaking as he ivenfc, wringing his hands sometimes, and then again pressing them against his temples as though ho would press them in, crying: '*0 Absalom! my son! my son! Would God I had died for thee, O Absalom! my son! my son!" Stupendous grief of David resounding through all succeeding agos This was the city that heard the woe. I u erusaiem, jeruscuuui. I am also thrilled and' overpowered with the remembrance that yonder where now stands a Mohammedan mosque stood the temple, the very one that Christ visited. Solomon's temple had stood there, but Nebuchadnezzar thundered it down. Zerubbabel's temple had stood there, but that had been prostrated. Then Kerod built a temple because he was fond of great architecture, and he wanted the preceding temples to seem insignificant. Put eight or ten j modern cathedrals together, and they would not equal that structure. It covered nineteen acres. There were marble I -Ml a; o-n Uiii'cirs SU^pUi. tiiij; j.uuio ui v^uui, silver tables on which stood golden cups, and there were carvings exquisite and inscriptions resplendent, glittering' balustrades and ornamental gateways. The building of this temple kept ten thousand workmen busy forty-six years. Stupendous pilo of pomp and magnificence! But the material and architectural grandeur of the building were very tamo compared with the spiritual meaning of its altars and holy of holies, and the overwhelming significance of its ceremonies. 0 Jerusalem, Jerusalem! But standing in this old city all other facts are eclipsed when we think that near here our blessed Lord was born, that up and down the streets of this city He v;alked, and that in the outskirts of it Ho died. Here was nis only day of triumph and His assassination. One day : this old Jerusalem is at tho tiptop of excitement. Christ has been doing1 some remarkable works and asserting very high authortiy. The police court has issued papers for his arrest; for this thing must be stopped, as the very government is imperiled. News comes that last night this stranger arrived at a suburban village and that ho is stopping at the house of a man whom he had resuscitated after four days sepulture. Well, the people rush out into the streets, somo with the idea of helping in the arrest of this stranger when he arrives, and others expecting that on the morrow he will como into tne Town and by some supernatural force oust tbe municipal and royal authorities and take everything in his own hands. They pour out of the city gates until the procession reaches to the village. Thev come all around abcut the house where the stranger is stopping, and peer into the doors and windows that they may get one glimpse of him or hear the Iium of his voice. The police daro not make the arrest, ^because he had somehow won the affections of all the people. 0, it is a lively night in yonder Bethany! The heretofore quiet village is filled with uproar and outcry, and loud discussion about the strange~ ~4.:_ ^ x T ,i x i.v iiuiiiiy- cuiuitryinan. jl uu nub luiiik inure w\s any sleep in that house that night where the stranger was stopping1. Although he cams in weary he finds no rest, though, for oncti in his lifetime, he had a pillow. But the morning dawns, the olive gardens wave in the light, and all along yonder road, reaching over the top of Olivet, toward .this city, there li i a vast swaying crowd of wondering people. The excitement around the j door of the cottage is wild as the stran| ger steps out beside an unbroken colt that had never been mounted, and after his friends had strewn their garments on the beast for a saddle the Saviour mounts it. and the populace, excited and shouting and feverish, push, on back toward this city of Jerusalem. Let none jeer now or ^coft at this rider, or the populace will trample him under foot in an instant. There is one long shout of two miles, and as far as the uyo can reach you sec wavinjrs of demonstrations and approval. There was sometnmg m tno rider s visage, something in his majestic brow, something in his princely behavior, that stirs up the enthusiasm of the people. They run. up against t'm beast and try to pull the rider off into their arms and carry on their shoulders the illustrious stranger. The populace are so excited that they hardly know what to do with themselves, and some rush up to the roadside trees and wrench off branches and throw them in his way: and others doif their garments, what though they oe new ana. costiv, -ana spreaa Uicra lor a carpet for the conqueror to ride over. "Hosanna!" cry the people at the foot of the kill. "Hosanna!"' cry the people all up and down tho mountain. The procession has now come to the brow of yonder Olivet. Magnificent prospect reaching' out in every direction?vineyards, olive groves, jutting rock, silverySiloam, and above all, rising on its i> throne of hills, this most highly honored I city of all the earth, Jerusalen# Christ there, in the midst cf the procession, V.. ivs o.T and sees hero fortressed pates, a-i yonder the circling' wall, and here tho tov.*crs blazing in tho sun, Phasaelus and Mariamnc. Yonder is Hippicus, tho king's castle. Looking along in the range of tho largo branch of that olive tree, you see tho mansions of tho mor: chant princes. Through this cleft in the 1 limestone rock you see the palace of the | richest* trafficker mauino earin. xiu j ! has made his money by selling- Tyrian j purple. Behold now the temple! Clouds of smoke lifting1 from the shimmering j 1 roof, while the building rises upbeauti-j j ful, grand, majestic, tiio architectural 1 skill and glory of the earth lifting themselves thero in one triumphant I doxology, the frozen prayer of all nations. The crowd looked around to see exhili aration and transport in the face of i Christ. 0, no! Qut from amid the, gates, and the domes, and the palaces, there arose a vision of this city's sin, and of this city's doom, which obliterated the landscape from horizon to horizon. and lie burst into tears, crying: "O, | Jerusalem, Jerusalem!" But that was j the only day of pomp that Jesus saw in i and around the city. Yet lie walked the streets of this city the loveliest and most majestic being that the world ever saw or ever will see. Publius Lcntulus, in a letter to the Roman Senato describes Him as "a man of stature, somewhat tall, Ilis hair the color of a chestnut rally ripe, plain to the ears, whence downward it is more orient, curling- and waving1 about the shoulders; in the midst of his forehead is a stream, or partition of his hair; forehead plain and very delicate; his face without spot or wrinkle, a loveiy red; his nose and mouth so forked as nothing can he represented; his heard thick, in color like his hair?not very long; his eyes gray, quick and clear." Ho must die. The French army in Italy found a brass plate on which was a copy of his death warrant, signed by John Zerubbabel, Raphael Kobani, Daniel Robani, and Capet. Sometimes men on the way to the scaffold have been rescued by the mob. Xo such attempt was made in this case, fnr 1 hi-> vnnh wr-ro against him. From 9 in the morning till 3 in tho afternoon, Jesus hung a-dying in tho outskirts of this city. It was a scene of blood. Wo are so constituted that nothing is so exciting as hlood. It is not the child's cry in the street that so arouses you as tho crimson dripping Jrom its lip. In the dark hall, seeing tho finger marks of blood on the plastering, you cry: "What terrible deed has been done hero'?" Looking upon this suspended victim of the cross, we thrill with tho sight of blood?blood dripping from thorn and nail, blood rushing upon his cheek, blood saturating his garments, blood gathered in a pool beneath. It is called an honor to have in one's veins J 1 ~ O i. XI10 DIOOCl Q1 XIIU IlUUbU ui otiuuru ui vi t^o house of Hapsburg. Is it nothing .when 1 point you to the outpouring blood o:i the King of the universe? In England the name of Henry was so great that its honors were divided among different reigns. It was Henry the First, and Henry the Second, and Henry the Third, and Henry the Fourth, and Henry the Fifth. In France the name of Louis was so favorably regarded that it was Louis the First, Louis the Second, Louis tho Third, and so on. But the King- who walked these streets was Christ the First, Christ the Last, and Christ the Only. lie reigned before -the czar mounted the throne of Russia, or the throne of Austria was lifted, "King eternal, immortal." Through tho indulgences of tho royal family, tho physical lifo degenerates, and some of the kings have been almost imbecile, and their bodies weak, and their blood ihin and watery; but the crimson life that, flmvfil unon Calvnrv had in it the health of immortal God. Tell it now to all the earth, and to all tho heavens?Jesus, our king1, is sick with His last sickness. Let couriers carry the swift dispatch. His pains are worse; Ho is breathing a last groan, through His body quivers the last anguish; the king is dying; tho king is dead! It is royal blood. It is said that some religionists make too much of the humanity of Christ. I respond that wo make too little. If some Iiomin surgeon, standing under the cross, had caught one drop of the blood on his hand and analyzed it, it would Lave been found to have the same plasma, the same disc, the same fibrin, the same albumen. It was unmistakably human blood. It is a man that haugs there. His bones are of the same material as ours. Ilis nerves are sensitive like ours. If it were an angel being1 despoiled I would not feel it so much, for it belongs to a different order of beings. But my Saviour is a man, and my whole sympathy is aroused. I can imagine now xne sdikcs ieu?now hot the temples burned?what deathly sickaoss seized his heart?how mountain, gnd city, and mob swam away from his dying vision?something of tho meaning of that cry for help that makes the blood of all the ages curdle with horror: ''My God! my God! why hast thou forsaken nr;?'' Forever with all these scencs of a Saviour's suffering will this citv be as sociated. Ilcro his unjust trial and here His death. 0. Jerusalem, Jerusalem! But finally I am thrilled with the fact that this city is a symbol of Heaven which is OE.ly another Jerusalem, "The New Jerusalem!" And this thought has kindled the imagination of all the sacred poets. 1 am glad that Horatio Bonar, the Scotch hymnist, rummaged among old manuscripts of the British museum until be found that hymn in ancient spelling, parts of r.'hich we have in mutilated form in our modern hymn books, but the quaint power of which we do not get in our modern versions: Kierusalcm. my liaypy home: \\ iiea snail I comc to luce.' "When shall iny sorrows have sn end, Thy ioyes when sb?H I see? Noe dampish mist is scene in thee, Noe eolde nor darksome night; I There cverie sonle shines as the snnne, I There God Himselfe gives light. Thy walls are made of precious stones. Thy bulwarkes diamonds square; Thy gates are of right orient pearle, Exceedinge riche and rare. Thy turrettes and thy pinnacles With, carbuncles cloth shine; Thy verrie streets arc paved with jro?M, Surpassing cieare aad line. Thy houses are of yvorie. Thy windows crystal cieare; Thy tyles are made of beaten gould, Oh Cod 1 That I were there. Our swecte is mist with bitter gaule, Our pleasure is but paine; Oar joys scarce last the looking on, ? Our sorrowes stiile remainc. But there they live in such delight, Such nleasure rtnd sunh til.iv. As that to them a thousand yeares Doth seme as yesterday. ? Thy gardens ar.d thy gallant vralkes Continually are grecue; There grow such sweete and pleasant Sower? As no where else are s>eene. There trees for evermore bcare Xruitr, And evermore doe springe; There evermore the angels sit, And evermore doe singe. Hierusalem! my happy horn#! Wo aid God I were in thee! Would God my woes were at an on<3. TLy ioyes that I mijht see: ? On Saturday night the store of Mr. Julias Morris, who keeps a rrixed stock of good- in Sumter, was entered through a side window and about sixty watches were carried off. Mr. Morris always 1 QO TTA n r\ ? % 4" 'i xeujLip uuiuiuij iu siuict u/ciw j afte,t eDtering^the j ? . ? --,. r |f . ! THOUGHTSFORTHEFARM |- ? ; WORK Foil THE GOOD FARMER IN 1)E-."EMBER. Some Timely S?s;c?iioi:j< i'rui:i {liitit Authority ? I'rolitstfle Kvadias lor Every Tiller of Use soil. Southern Cultivator. Practically, IXcen:!*r ru-iy iliioefourths of a month, ar.d tr.-iiietirues \t amounts to but a fc.. day.-, when mated by the ftrr>; w-.rk ooLbcd. The negroes, and p<--ss!?:iy o:\-<-n besides, have already caught. fever of ex pec tation which fnrvrt-]!-. the i-'.'rr rr> hr.lidny fcttiviiier, frolics ;?rd fa.-.l'v iiU^ioca The ruouth roav b:? :h<. Si urdav afternoon c.f the ytar. vher. tvery one is inclined to .-;nei<er: I.;* ?::tr2iss and ro prepare for a season of rest from labor and indulgence v.: social enj-i.iraenr. Aside from tbc * z>-i > ?<? in which the sensual indulge, Oiui-!:uas i- a eial institution to be Cviaui.-.r-th-rt perpetuated. After aye;t"*f hr-rIn'}-.;, through storm aod he^t, a;:d .irought and cold? a year of altcmuiicj: hope? t.cd fears, joys ana sorrow?, uiecesses ana lauures, the industrious farmer may rightfully claim a respite from toil, and devote a few days to ministering to the pleasures of himself, his family aDd his neighbors, cot forgetting the stranger, the poor, the homeless and the sick. But there h work of a substantial Iauu i uat ixiujr jrtu accomplished. Seed time and harvest have caused away, so fa? as concerns the vepetabli; products of the farm, but there arc. 0I)DS AXD ENDS of the waning year that should be gathered up, that ' nothing be lost." We tru>t that every farmer will close up his bu.<ine-s, settle his det>?s by payment or satisfac'ory adjustment, and be prepared r,o O'.i!ia ! lie isew iear witc nocmag-ic embaiass bis efforts. KILLING HOGS. The characteristic work of the month is '-hog killing," aud happy is the mac who has a pen full of porkers ready foi the k:?if?- and the yawning ''smokehouse." The bops ou^ht to be fat enough 10 ki!i early in December. Indeed, if '!cj had proper attention during the past summer and fall, the first coid spell in November should have been the signal f';r slaughter and the harbinger ol rrr-rilf ncd backbones, sausages and Liaias, etc. The art of butcheriog hog? ir rce ia which considerable skill can be displayed, although as often practiced it has given rise to the reproachful term?s "mere butchery''?as applied to any operation unskilfully performed. First, get everything refidy, presuming the hogs to be fa*. Have plenty ol water, plenty of fuel, shaip knives, table?, platforms or shelves for spreading, a good '"gallows" and gambrels, plenty of clean, coarse salt and a little saltpetre, A large kettle is the best appliance for securing hot water. Have a thermometer to lest the water. Commence to kii by the "break of day," by simply s-tick ing each hog with a long, .keen kuife. Every one of the 5,000 hogs killed pel day in the Amour packery in Chicago, ii simply stuck with a knife and permittee to bleed to death. The water should be about the temperature of 1G0? Farenheit?not under 150c nor over 170?. This is found to be the proper degree (1G0) after repeated tests. A little tar added to the water, help: wonderfully in removing the hair. Clear oft every hair and patch of scurf, anc wash and scrape clean before "opening1 the carcas?. Commence "cutting out' as scon as the last hog is disembowelled, Trim the hams neatly, rounding them ai the upper end and removing all surplus far. and ragged meat. Cut the sides o: middlings as large as possible, leave th< shoulders correspondingly small. Pul out the strip of tenderloin that lie3 alone the upper edge of each "middling," foi sausage meat, or immediate consumptior (it is worthless when dry salted anc cured); and also tbe thick edge of fircc fat that lies underneath the lean strip, fo: lard. Take out the ribs, or most 01 them. Now rub the flesh side of eact ham and shoulder with salt, and lay *il skin down on a shelf or platform in i cool, shady and airy place, sprinkling i thin layer of salt over the surface. Nexi morning, before day, commence to sail down in tight half "hogsheads cr barrels, putting a layer of middlings at the bottom, filling all the open spaces with jowh and salt. Before packing down put ? small teaspoonful.^uf saltpetre on eact ham if you wish them to be firm and red. Use plenty of salt, leaving do vacanl spaces between the pieces of pork. We forbear any further details, butbe^ the farmer to j>i?e the good wife all needed assistance, iu the way of labci and material, that may be required in the lard, sausage and pig feet departmeu. Next month we may contitfue the topic ana include the dry-curing by smoking, TEE MANURE HEAP. _ This is as good a time as any to com' mence the process of manure making. Il should be considered that a very larc* part of the elements of fertility thai have been removed from the soil by th( crops of graiD, hay and other food crops cousumed by the asimals of the farm, reappear in the liquid and solid excrements. The making of domestic manures consists maimy in procuring tnese elements of fertility and restoring theui tc the soil whence they were removed bj the crops. The growing of food crops, the saving of their manure aod restoring it to the soil; is a beautiful illustration of the law of compensation and restitution. An individual particle of phosphoric acid, lime or potash may possibly make the circuit from the soil, through the grain, into the living auimal tissue, tnence to tne manure heap aha back again to the soil dozens of tic:es in the course of a farmer's cultivation of a grain farm. First, it is in the soil, a particle of inert matter; nest it is organized into the constitution of the grain; then becoming a Dart of the living bone, muscle or^other tissue, or passing through unappropriated; then into the urine and droppiDgs. Now if these excrements be carefully saved and placed on the soil, and the latter be prevented from undue waste of the store of elements of fertility still remaining, the process of exhaustion of the land must be comparatively slow. It is the duty of the iariEer nut ouiy to save, m me iorm 01 manure, what has .been removed from the soil, but to add to this recovered portion additional supplies of these elements from other sources, both from the deep rccesses of the soil itself, and from sources outside the farm, as well as by the cultivation of such crops as have the power to gather nitrogen from the atmosphere, thus building up the soil and increasing its productiveness. In these few words we have stated the theory of restoring, maintaining ana increasing tre fertility of the soil. Evervtbin:? that has ?rrnwn upon the soil, and everything that has once formed any part of the animal body or has been excrei'ed from the body, is more or less valuable as a manure. All vegetable and animal garbage, then, that accumulates about the farm building, stables, woodfnwl nnii?p comers, ihe leaves from the forest Dear by, not to mentioD cotton seed, should be considered as coutaining the circulating medium by means of which the various operations of growing crops, growing and fattening animals, the pro- I dimtion of milk, etc., are carried off. ! After saviDg all these materials, resc^t^ should be made to comn:.r..:-d fertilizers. Thehitwr con;sir. rofhir.^ t.f value to ti.e :.cii tbat is a.i" N-ui.d i:-. the ii:-.iteria!s !in"-? ii irfivi. A ffx d, C"iri;)!'j:c comnurrciai /eriiiizer :;:u? :>c cousiGefcd as s'nble rr.anure boiled down, cnutaiuiog, 3 -U ?' i..rtilWill.T Alii. I i: nccs, i:;u veil smm IV. I ireats, v.itbour the cxccss of sand, clsy and vs-.-it'T that is always present, more or less, in ordinary stable manure. Many persons are the opidion that the use of commercial fertilizers is an unprofitable and unwise innovation. M'e do not propose to discuss the general proposition, '*I)o commercial fertilizers pay tfce farmer ?'* It is ro doubt true tbat some ! farmers fail to find arv sub-.tantial profit ! in the use of tlicru; aud i* is also true that the most skilful are sometimes im-1 posrd :i5;op, and sometimes they thernst'lvrr. ::re at fault. But the mo*t convincing r.roof of the utility r.f commercial fertilizers is the continued and annually is;crcasin?r consumption of them. This tinned reiiar.ee up<<u them mutt be the result of a profitable experience. We will add that those farmers who succeed without fertilizers owe their vnccess not *o that fact, but to the exercise of skill, economy and industry in all the departments of furm operations. They would probably be even more successful if they would make a judicious use ?"-f commercial or concentrated chemical fi rtiii/.ers. It will be time enough t-- tbtse thoughts in this line in i';ie c.xt number of the Cultivator. \ . STOCX- FEED IXl!. The question "f st' ck feeding is one that is but little undorsto'd by the average farmer in its scientific and economic aspects. The invcsti?&ti<>s of ll:? composition and digestibility of the various , food materials has received much attention of late ye;ir.?, and <??r stock of know I, edge is being systematized and greatly increased. Every farmer knows'-that good sound merchantable "ahei'.t is an excellent food for a milch cow or any working animal, in the sense ti-at it will ; produce milk and butter of the best | quality, but he also knows that it will ' not pay to feed good wheat to cattle and horse?, because Us peculiar adaptation as a human food forbids its use as a 1 s'ock food. The same principle holds gu.;d in many other cases, some of thrra ricognized and understood by every t farmer, while others are ODly appreciated i by the scientific investigator. This subject is well treated as an articie on page o:56 of Dur November issue, by ; Prof. \Y. E Stone, and we ask our readers to refer to that article and read it carefnllw Tlio or! i/?11* rrnrvr nnnArtnr^lv /Hq r A.4.V l.WV, . WJ I cusses the question of the food yalue of : cotton sei-d hulls, which is attracting so ; much attention all over the country. I Wbife admitting that cotton seed hulls i mixed in proper proportions with cotton . seed meal is theoretically and practically ; a proper and profitable food for the pro! d;;ction of milk and butter, he by no r means endorses the extravagant claims that have been put forward in favor of , the hulls. The butter and milk, the f beef and the muscular power to labor that result from the use of the combination of hulls and meal are mainly due to I the meal and cot the hells, which are about as valuable as clean, dry out strow. There is a very close corresoondence, . if not identity, in the principles which i should guide us in feeding stock and in feeding crops, There is the same danger in each of wasting one element by sup ply'D=? i- in excess, cr of destroying the ; crop or the animal product by withhold1 ing. THE NEEDS OF THE DAY. 3 A Statement of Some Important Tliinz* to be Done by the Farmers. Southern Alliance Farmer. j If we need one thing more than I another at this time it is .education > and information. It takes education , to enable a man to hold a purely conservative position upon great questions. Ignorance and fanaticism go hand in s hand. That cur government is passing through its crucial era, is as true as , true can be. That unwise and uuj ast j national legislation Las widened the , breech between the two great classes ; of our people is evident to every thinkj ing mind. If the species of robbery, , which can only exist under such laws | as ours, is to be brought to an end, and t.Tip. monpvp^ nriTCPr wbirVh ^ these' unjust laws, still, by bribery and by purchase will endeavor to perpet' uate them, what will be the result ? We see, year after year, the circle | of success is narrowing and the * borders of misfortune widening. We see the wealth of the nation going into " the favored few, while it is taken from 1 the toiling millions. The breech ' widens~'and the bond of-sympathy ' weakens between the few who are 1 very rich and the many who are very 1 poor. ; 'Foreign capital is even being added to the accumulated millions of Wall StiCCU, iiuu. WUU1U 1C&U1JJ, -y her gold, the power over American citizens which she lost over an hundred years ago by the bayonet. English loan agents laugh at the idea of the poor borrowing producer ever repaying the loans under our system of government, and they acknowledge that they do not want them paid. With all this before us what have ' we to hope for except through the or ganization of the producing classes? I With such organization must come. ' though, research, information, con5 servatism, combined effort, earnest 5 work, and earnest prayer. Then let nc o/lnrtoffi laef in Anr* ' uo ^uuv/ai>^j i.IU VUA u^u^jtuiiuvu auu uncompromising effort to undo these * great wrongs, we fail to get at the foundation of this superstructure of > error, and leave the germs of rottenr ness in the system still. No government can live with rotten core. The ; conditions reached by this centralizing ; policy are the same which have de' stroyed thrones, principalities and powers in the past, and which will ever do so in the future. We do not want the. unjust accumulations of the millionaires, but we do want to stop the process by which they have obtained these millions. The people of America are not the freemen which they should be and will be. How will this end ? But for the organization of farmers and laborers it would end in blood, but this organization says: "We are no socialists; we are no anarchists; we are no rioters, but by the power of the people's unpurchased ballot and our united effort and the approving help of a just God, we will undo these wrongs and make America once more the 'land of the free and the home of the brave.' " Henry WatrersonS S>ou Elopes. Ewiog Watterson, son of Heory Wat terson. of the Louisville Courier-Journal, and Miss Jennie Black, daughter of Dr. Tho. Black, of JIcMinnville, eloped on Saturday, and were married at the residence of the bride's uncle, Mr. Alexander Black, in Smithville, Tenn., about midnight. Ewins "YVatterson is well known in Louisville in railroad, society and newspaper circles. Young Watterson returned from aE urope3n tour a year c?r more ago ana became a traveling pag| scnger agent for the Gould system. He ! has been living in the South for eevem months ?Upon ice recommendation of the board of directors of the penitentiary the Governor has commuted to date the j sentences of the following convicts:! i Wesley Butler, colored, convicted at the | January term of Court, 1884. for Orange- ! I Knr/v n* rnrp n n H cpntonnc*c\ }-? * ( Jl ^UVVUV/VU K>J 4 Judge Kershaw to death. Joseph: Loyd, colored, convicted at the February term, 1SS2, for Kershaw county, of burglary and larceoy, and sentenced by Judge Wallace to life imprisonment in M TIE MULBERRY TREE. j, WHAT A WELL-KNOWN FAR-! MER THINKS OF ITS CULTURE, j , Hen. Jaine* M. Smith TuSk* of His Fa.Uk ' id iho DIalbcrry Tree?The AUvantaces IZoflts Caltaic* j Atlanta Constitution. Hod. James M. Smith, of Smithonia, j Ga., bears a State reputation as beiDg i one of the most progressive farmers of ' the South. His Oglethrope county plantatioas are models, and shov/tbat Mr. Smith has reduced farmiag to au actual ^ t de- j muusuuie now mucu cucac ? -> in agriculture when properly attended | to. Air-Smith has made p'ent.y ofj money ard is probably the wealthiest j planter in^Gsorgia. CULTIVATION' OF THE MULBERRY, j During the past few weeks a report, has been in general circulation among the papers of the State to '.he elfect that Mr. Smith had planted one hundred thousand mulberry trees iu this county, his object being to make a thorough test of silk-culture in Georgia. The report said that he v/?s satisfied that theie was a great deai of money in it, and determined to go to work at once to developed it; that he negotiated with Mr. W. H. Thurman, of Athens, to set out these trees, and mativir. inurrcau v\as new at worK at it. A representative of the Constitution called ou Jlr. Smith to inquire of him concerning the matter, and in repiy to the question as to whether or not the reports were true, he said: "'They are partiy true, but greatly exaggerated. Tu o years ago I bought i,u :? ?,, 1! one inuuaauu iiuii ucaiiu^ uiuiucn v I scions and got a man to superintend their planting I did this not only because I wanted to incidentally test the silk industry, but because I thought the mulberry tree possessed may advantages in other respects. I regard the fruit bearing mulberry as a valuable tree both for fruit and ior timber. They grow up quickly, and bear berries luxuriantly. Being nearly all heart, the timber is very valuable for posts, crossties and many other purposes where durability is an object. Again mulberry timber is especially adaptable for furniture. These trees bear fruit 100 days each year, beginning the last of May. While some of the berries are ripe and falling to the ground, others are green, and others hlnnmirfr Hnrrc ata fvrt.rpjnplv fmirl of them, and fatten rapidly on* them. So do chickens and other fowls. a' profitable culture. "I have no doubt but that the growing of these trees can be made profitabue. On an acre of land one hundred could be set out, and in ten or fifteen years these trees would average say eight or ten inches in' diameter, and eighteen or twenty feet in height withAitt; flip limhci trpp wrmlrl fnr nish at this rate about one hundred feet of lumber. This lumber at one dollar per hundred feet would cause each tree to be worth one dollar after being sawed up. Mulberry lumber, however, is worth more than one dollar per hundred feet, prepare two dollars. But whether they are ever raised for timber or not on a large scale, every farmer should have a few acres for his hogs and chickens. A few around the 3 ard lor chickens is an excellent thing." AS TIMBER BECOMES MORE SCARCE and valuable our people, if they are wise', will begin to look about for the most available timber to take the place of that now being cleared away so rapidly. Instead of cultivating at a loss, as some do, hundreds of acres of poor, worn and exhausted land, it wo?ld be much better to plant these lands in some growth, which in the course- of time, would be valuable. "I call the attention of the people to matters of material progress, to induce tnem bo iook aneaa ana pernare tor i coming years. To persuade them to . "*iprove their homes in every possible 'way, is prehaps, the greatest mission of any newspaper, or any man. The Constitution has for years been preeminently on this line,-and. for its work deserves the praise of the peoplh." " The Drift ol Capital, Virginia is evidently fast recovering ^ jj i _ iroiii uue wuuuus aiiu losses see suffered during the civil war. The hundreds of million of capital annihilated within her borders whitg^the war was in progress and in the decade that followed are being regained with phenomenal rapidity. A great deal of foreign capital has been invested in Virginia in recent years. Governor Lee will show in his forthcoming message, it is stated, that $100,000,000 has been brought into the State lor permanent investment since 1883. There are good reasons, he thinks, for oeneving mat tne influx 01 capital win increase in the next few years at a rate never before equaled, a large amount of money going into the development of the iron and coal mining regions along the Shenandoah Valley, Richmond and Allegheny and Norfolk and Western Railroads. A great deal has already been done since 18S3 in tne territory traversed Dy tnese roaas. The record of new railroad mileage built, furnaces constructed and put into blast, factories, mills, machine shops and other industries established, is such as to show that the Old Dominion is leading rather than lagging behind in the race of progress upon which the South has entered. i ? : The Cotton Crop ct the !?tate. Earlj in November the State department of agriculture announced the crop estimates of its correspondents, after a careful tabulation, and according to these estimates.the yield of cotton this year was placed at 39,000 bales. The reports of the correspondents, on which this estimate was based, were made about September 20, when the plant looked promising, but later in the season it benomo nnnnrpnt that dry weather and un usually eariv frosts would greatly affect the yiel^, and at the time the figures were published the statement was made that they were probably too high. Tomake sure of the facts Commissioner Butler, some weeks ago, sent out to his township correspondents for supplementary estimates of the cotton crop. Several hundred replies have been received of the average date of December 1, and a tabulation iust completed shows that the crop | of 1889 is only 543,208 bales, agaiDst 558,000 bales last year, a decrease of Dearly 15,000 bales. The loss of 96,000 bales from the September estimate is accounted for not only by drought ana early frosts, but by the backwardness of the plant and the extent to which it went to weeu iu iei iuu ucavj iaiuo m the summer. ?A new Presbytery, consisting of the churches in Darlington, Marlboro, Marion, Horry, Chesterfield and Florence Counties, has been formed 'for' the Pee ^T?o * rnrr.niyQtrrn rxmc uet. rieouyLwi*. completed at Dariincrton Inst -wfek by the election of the Rev. 31. II. Breariy, moderator: the Rev. T. C. "Wbaliog, stated clerk, and Gen. W. E. James, treasurer. ?A ri-v. ;.r-; --.f one hundred dollars b-is b olio: i-> lbe a;>]>rtLea$icn of th'.- murderer of Corneliu? Jenkins, in Berbery county, and a reward of fifty L*.i!}ar ; for tho cosv'c'ioa of ".he parson who burned the barn o' Simeon E^kew, in Greenville C'un'ry. ?Collector Bob Snmlls, of Beaufort, aas been in Washington His visit is, f-- ^? ~ e \ : rse says, <or m<s purpuse ui iia?iu? ouuie j inducement msde for increasing foreign trade at Pert Royal, which is at present very little. > A HORSE WHO CAN TALK ! j Everybody has heard of a " horse laugh-* j but -who has ever seen an equine gifted wiik the power of speech? Such an animal would be pronounced a miracle; but so would th? telegraph and the telephone a hundred year* j ago. Why, even very recently a cUre for consumption, which is universally acknowledged to be scrofula affecting the lungs, would have been looked upon as miraculous, but now people are beginning to realize that the disease is not incurable. Dr. Pierce's Golden Medical ) Diseoverv will cure it, 11 tanen in lime ana given a fair trial. This world-renowned remedy will not make new lungs, but it will re? store diseased ones to a healthy state whea other means have failed. Thousands gratefully testify to this. It is the most potent tonic, or strength restorer, alterative, or blood-clcanser and nutritive, or flesh-builder, known to medicai science. For "Weak Lungs, Spitting of Blood, Bronchitis, Asthma, Catarrh in th.? Head, and all Lingering Cough*, it is an unerjualed remedy. In derangement* of the stomach, liver and bowels, as Indige*tion. or Dyspepsia, Biliousness, or "Liver Complaint," Chronic Diarrhea, and kindred ailments, it is a sovereign remedy. |?1 ' "I "Goiden Medical Di* RIIAS^Trrn I covery"istfaeon:ymediUUAnun!E.LU.I icine ot its class, soli Li i hi J by druggists, under % printed guarantee, from the manufacturers. that it will benefit or cure In every caM of disease for which :t Is recommended, or money paid for it will be promptly refunded. Copyright, 18SS,'by world's l)is. Med. Ass's. SB SOO OFFERED by the manufacturers of Dr. Sage's Catarrh Kemedy, for as incurable case of Catarrh Jn the Head. BEWAREi BE PRUDENT? When the proprietors of a blood remedy tell jda that iodide of potash is a poison simply because their opponents use it, their assertions are made to deceive, and your use of ICO bottles of inert stuff their object. Iodide of potash is as essential to a true blood remedy, as pure blood is essential to good health- No remedy has proven QUICK CURE itself so safe, sure and quick an eradicator of mercurial, syphilitic, scrofulous, malarial or other poison, foreign to health, that gets into bone and'tlood, when all else fails as B. B. B. Send to Blood Balm Co., Atlanta, Ga.,fcr illustrated "Book of Wonders," filled with convincing proof of QUICK CURES of seemingly incurable cases. A. 7. Britton, Jackson, Tetin^ writes: MI. contracted malaria in the swamps of Louisiana while working for the telegraph company, and used ?"very kind of medicine I could hear of without relief. I at last succeeded in breaking the fever POISON ^ cost me over $100.00, and then my system was prostrated and saturated with;poisoa and I became almost helpless. I finally came here, my mouth so filled with sore# that I could scarcely eat, and my tongue raw and filled with little knots. Various remedies were resorted to without effest. I bought two bottles of B. B. B. and it has curcd and strengthened me. All sores o{ say mouth are healed and my tongue entirely clear of knots and soreness, and I fed like a new man." R R. Saulter, Athens, Gsu, writes: "I have been afflicted with Catarrh for many year*, although all sorts of medicines and several doctors did their best to cure me. My blood was very impure, and nothing ever had any effect upon the CA'TARRH disease until I used that great Blood Remedy known as B. B. a few bottles of which effected an entije cure. I recommend it to all who have Catarrh. I refer to any merchant or banker of At&ns, Gx, and will reply to any inquiries." Benj. Morris, Atlanta, G?u, writes t "I fiaa no appetite, my kidneys felt SORE TONSILS sore, my throat was ulcerated and my breast a mass of running sores. S?Ten bottles of B? B. R, aatirdj crrrcd sot," (7) ? ^oariyfrp > <-* / x soma mi FOR SIXTY DAYS. WE OFFER OUR NO. 2 IIAND-MADIi tt ROAD CART to responsible parties oe SIXTY DAYS' time for only $18.00. It has besl hickory wheels and shafts, steel tires and axle, cushioned seat and painted nicely. Not a cheat made cart, but is first class throughout. "We also offer our our No 10 hand-made Bujnry. put np o* any kind oi'springr, on SIXTY DAYS' time foi the small of $15.00. It has best oatenl wheels, steel tires hml axles. Trimmed up and painted in good styl*. Not by any means a chenp zehic/e, but is very substantial and is warranted. Por circulars and general descriptien, iddrc-s HOLLER & ANDERSON. Manufacturers, P. 0. Box 110. ROCK HILL, S. a In writing please mention this paper. cc 1-fin bILDER'S LIVER PILLS, Remove the bile' from the system, cure &1j bilious troubles, and prevent malarial disease*. Por r-ale by all druggists and merchants at X cer.tn a box, or mailed on receipt of price by THE BARRETT DRUG COAugusta. Gi. rr A C'X" riTT T\ k'U'S T5TT.T.C Prtfc 15y? PITTS'" CARMINATIVE TpOR CORRECTING NAUSEA, DYS1. entery, Diarrhoea and Cholera In fantum. A pleasant medicine of incalculable merit in the home circle for child ot adult. It is popular, pleasant and efficient. Truly a mother's friend. It soothes and heals the mucous membranes, and checks the mucous discharge from head, stomach and bowels. The mucous discharge from the head and lungs are as promptly re lieved by it as the mncous discharge from the bowels. It is made to relieve the mucous system and cure nausea, and it does it. It makes the critical period ol teething children safe and easy. It in vhrorates and builds up the system while it is relieving and curing the wasted tissue. It is recommended and used largely by physicians. For sale by Wannamaker <te -Murray Co., Columbia, S. C., and wholesale by Howard & Willett, Augusta, G*. ^JfpHELffS rr-r it ft E a mtm A CM ;x#;,?k?>&ulaiok MENSTRUATION OR MONTHLY SICKNESS lr TJVKtN OUR\NG CHANGE. OV .UTt GRtAT. D MISERY SUrFERMG WU.BE WtMD J500K T0"W0WAN'I^4^7i?y BRADFIELD REGULfi TOR CO. ATLANTA BA. SOLD BY ALL BBIIGGISTL. rnMPlETE-OUTFITS! CSjS mSm ik^Huirnrmkmtm The Tozer Engine Works KSucevsi-or to Dial Ensrine Works.) Z t JOHN A. WILLIS PROPRIETOBI 117 West Geetais Street \ ? Ic/d ?JT ?alANUFACTURERS OF THEtor Steam Engines AND ALL SIZES OF BOTH LOCOMOTH E AND RETURN TUBULAR BOILERS. FOUNDRY WORK IN IRON AND Bit ASP. REPAIRING PROMPTLY EXECUTED. July 23-cm ^l^RRAMVlLLKi STOCK AND POULTRY FARMS HORSES, CATTLE, SWINE AND POULTRY FOR SALE: Gold Medal Batter Herd of Jersey Cattle mv. T A n C+o'Knr 1JUJ liiipuncu XCiUHClUli ui BICHE, (10.963) 7.950 wil! .nnke the season at 825. Choice young Jersey ( :>t; !e, BKKKjiH I Kt Swine, Light Brahma?. Wvandots, Lang3hans, Brown Leghorns. Plymouth Rocks and Gam* Fowls for sale. Esrss in season. FKESTON L. 3IEf-TON\ Proprietor. Columbia. S. C. JH. SA.BALD WIN; Manner. . Langley Brotliers, : 174 KING ST., CHARLESTON, S. C? Manufacturers of ladies' and GENTS' Underwear. Fine Dress Shirts to order a specialty. Directions for measuring s?nt on application. seplO-fm Painting Made Easy. WM. M. BIRD & CO, OFFER MIXED PAINTS AT EXTREMELY LOW ? itCisS. > We have a fall stock of everything in the paint line, j Window and Plate Glass ail sizes-. Oils for all purposes. Mill supplies,.Lanterns.etc. % . Grocers' Fixtures, Howe Scales and Marvin's Safes. ' Sample cards and quotations urnished and inquiries ^cheerfully answered. We are headquarters for everything, in our line and can save you money. . 205 East Bay, \ CHARLESTON, S. C. . When you come to Charleston non7 forget to lay [in supply'of s FEU ? Bananas, Oranges, Pineappales, Lemons, Coccanuts, Limes, Plantains, Grape Fruit, Always* on hand. Fresh cargoes received weekly. Apples, Pears,.Grape?, IteitiES, Alircrds, Kuts i Dried Figs, Citron, Received by [every steamer ?wice a. | reek. 1 Calljand see for yourself, at ; C. BART & CO.. - -Tr- vo}?57, 59, Market street} CHAEL^ESTOX, S. C.. Country orders fill it; rt H. H.P GUARAftTESD TO Cfc-. ' Sick Headache and Constipation in a shone, time. Prevents all Malarial trochlea?. Prict \ ifty cwcta. For sale by druggists and cier- \ ehanta. Manufactured by THE BARRETT BRUG CO, Feb 15a> August , Ga. JERSEY FLATS ~ Chill and. Fever Cure. Large bottles 50 cents, and fniaranteed r<-> i>nro in? case of Chilis and Fever, Malarial, Intermittent, and Remittent Fevers, by THE BARRETT DRDG CO Augusta, Q'ji. TRY JERSEY FLATS. Fob ISaj ???warn. niiannM?osaam, lii bbonn At State Fairs have usually very littl? mftaniny. as indffwj ?? o. mlo eaom C1 J o w rnvi O dispose! to encourage exhibitors than to be "vernad by the real merits of their g A premium for the "best savr mi ''? be construed to mean a -premii he cheapest, and hence the wc \ r?ill, because it may best suit t of the "average farmei Am- i e; tne "bsst and lai-tr-or ? , - : ? display implements and machinery adapted to Southern agriculture" may be construed to mean a premium for/ harvesting machinery alone, evei; though all departments may be represented in another exhibit. But for once the committee- on' machinery made a truthful and happy hit when they tied the "Blue ftibbcn" on ine lime niceen-norse-power Liddell-Tompkins Engine, which pulled a 52-inch saw through lightwood logs almost large enough to hide it, arousing the enthusiasm of all beholders. Such work was only possible on the Liddell Variable Feed Saw Mill, which needs no blue ribbon to stake its superiority recognized. For prices, etc., address W. H.Gibbes, Je., State Agent, Columbia, S'C. ttttC PHASWtLLclllij i .'t-. - ... t - - :?:s -~.. ^v