The Fairfield news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1881-1900, October 27, 1886, Image 1
38
; i
r ^ ^ 111 cxffill^L
VOL. XLIII. WINNSBORO, S. C., WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 27, 1886. NO. 13.
* .
X THE PRESIDENCY.
TALK l.\ \\ OF THE C\M>IDA
TES TV. O "i E \HS HEME.
L_ t
Tin* importance of >.c? \ ork l)rn:ocralic r>rt>
timrnt lor C'!e\e!nnJ - The Krpuliiicai:* for c
\\>*tern Mac.
(Lr-tt;r ; > l?;<- Tint'.-.Washington,
October -0.?The return ;
r\f +]\c% Proci/lnnf ortrl r?f fhr? '
Cabinet from tlieir summer vacations h^s
f ^ been followed by a lively gathering of
^ Senators, Representatives, politicians,
W~ candidates in search of patronage and as- j
pirants in search of office. The civi; j
service statutes have relieved the pres
sure for the places within the range of
the classified service. The rank and file
I
k of the old-time office-seekers in search of
clerkships, therefore, are no longer the
SS" j?-<4_ne <<f official life. The returning
f ??llic .t H?d politicians are making quite
ji.vt:,- tieai circles. Thev all have!
? V |
m.u: u> .-ay concerning the plans anil.
project* of paities, having taken ad-!
of their ucent opportunities to j
meet the leaders and mingling with the j
people..
g The Republicans appear to be most I
active in speculating upon their future !
movements. The number and variety >
of the aspirants for national honors J
about a year and a half hence prevented |
an open'neld for half a dozen statesmen !
and their friends. The ^Democrats have j
not qiute so mr.cn 10 say, as tneir ciiuicc j
from present appearances will settle j
down to a renomination of the Presi- j
dent. There is some talk of a Carlisle ;
flurry from the South, but that is a i
political chestnut which has run through j
tat least three quadrennial nominating j
conventions. A few New Yorkers throw j
out a hint occasionally about Governor
Hill, upon the ground of his ability to
carry that pivotal State.
NEW YOKE'S IMPORTANCE.
j
Tjie ippprta^ce of ih? Empire Suite i
! in ta'c political balance is admitted all I
' around. With its electoral voti the Re- j
t publicans could elect their candidate and j <
win back the control of the executive j
branch of the government, without the j
vote of Connecticut, Indiana or Xew j:
Jersey, or a single State south of Mason '
and bixon's line and the Ohio river. <
They could also atlurd to lose California j
and "Oregon. The loss of New York' to i i
the Democratic candidate would leave j'
|f him eight electoral votes short after car- j <
f rying Indiana, New Jersey, Connecticut, | ]
California and Oregon. " The Ilepubli-! j
kcans could succeed wi.nout -N ew lork dv :
carrying Indiana and Connecticut which
would give one or with Indiana and New
Jersey would give ten majority. The :
figures used as the basis of the matlie- <
taapcr.I calculations of politicians here in :
kc'oihputing the chances of parties show ]
that of the 202 electoral votes necessary <
to an election of a President and Vice i:
President the -Republicans have seven- j:
teen practically certain Northern States j
oasHriff 174 votes. There ire five doubt I .
Br ful Xor^ggj^States, California. Connec :
He titlii; V:'W Ww..
Hr York, caSfflg seventy-four vote s. The !:
Be Democrats have sixteen certain Southern !:
States with lo3 certain electoral votes. <
r They perceive that the Republicans can i
carry the" next Presidency without New
Yprk, but success there is indispensable :
ip the Democracy.' Carrying ail the ;
? doubtful Sta.es named without New ;
k York would leave the Democratic ticket <
eleven short, or carrying New York they
would still require the lifteen votes of
Indiana or the combined vote of Con- :
necticut, six, and Xew Jersey, nine, or :
*** * ?"? ah 4- cir ov?/-i f t?"l o*V>f f
F- - V.,UJLUUC^U.V,Ul, Oi-i, uuuivtuu, w0_iv.
It is observable in the conversation of !
these returning political prophets that j
Democratic sentiment throughout the
' ^country is becoming reconciled to the
"Superior sagacity of the President in his
I efforts to elevate a Democratic administration
above the old idea that the public
^jJice^ an- the rewards of political services,
regardless of every other considojratioii,
~ ...
i THE TALK ABOUT ELAINE.
The fviends of Mr. Blaine return with j
\ ^ a fresh supply of enthusiasm over his i
Bk prospects, * specially since the election in |
?\TairSw siiprfk of Ins chances as I
m almost equal to a realization, and refer |
to' the canvass of newspapers friendly to
i his interests as conclusive evidence to
that effect. An estimate of strength
%- based on the expressed preferences of j
tie delegates to the recent Republican ;
State Conventions of Ohio, Indiana, j
Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, i
fiffw Missouri and Texas footed up 244 for j
Blaine, 119 Logan, 71 Sherman and 22
Allison. Nothing is said, however, of
those who did not express their views,
which constituted about live-sixths of
the whole number of delegates attending
those conventions. Out of about 3,000
L only 456 expressed themselves. It is
& claimed, however, that such figures show
Sp" the drift of public sentiment. An intimate
fi iend of Mr. Blaine, who has been
HHT* in /-oni'erenee with his managers, says
y that the .question Jof his candidacy will
be determined later?that his personal
campaign in .Maine was more xor position.
It is hinted that should Mr.
Blaine's friends, after a careful canvass
It of the situation, consider his election
f doubtful he will throw his strength for
?Pk Allison, of Iowa. It was his desire to
gez. Allison into the Garfield Cabinet
r But for the complications-'growing out
L of tfce action of tiie Iowa Republicans to
secure the attorney-generalship for Wil-1
J son,'of that State, Allison would have i
I fraen'secretary of the treasury instead of j
^ ^indom.
''' Tt'e'friends of Senator Sherman talk
i cf his chances with much confidence:
TheyTmve been ih correspondence \vivh
||k pjrtrjr iftanjjgers ifi' q%osj: every St?te
Sfft and claim to be receiving much encoura^ement.
As <fcoon as Congress meets
Bf expect to take up his ease systemaiiL
" Ciiily, with a view to getting into the
field early. His greatest trouble seems to
lie in his own State. Ex-Governor Fos+jvr
vfvrv rfvpntlv reasserted his devotion
I to Blaine. If he should take an open J
ft iXr Slierma^ there sjsay be a j
|L ^idea dejeguiion, .vhiyli ha.-; already I
iulpaired Sherman's clianees before two j
I conventions. Sherman's visit to Perm-1
sylvania during the present month as a j
p participant in the oratorical feature cf i
the Republican canvass is expected to j
Jav the foundation of a vi,rorcvsbooni at
JJXVyci. N
||| G- neral Logan is expected here early
?next-month. His cham pions claim that
mr lus^ Pacific slope trip h?.s added much
suengtn w his. position as a candidate.
His actioh on *t?e Paine investigation is
claimed to have lost him frien-ls in his
party in Ohio: It is not likely,- however,
tffc'i- ho v.-otdd pick ito any delegates'
there,' $s Blaine ^S'^h'erpan cover that
^ ground. There is much talk oi Foraker
Ifcv as a possible dark horse in event of an
|T ~~ irreconcilable contest bet > een Blaine and
Sherman. The status of E-dn unds is a
f matter of speculation. Tne chances 01
L
' Harrison, of Indiana, are coupled with j
the result <>r his present Senatorial con- j
test.
Summing up the situation at this early j
point of ol.M-rv.ition the sentiment of
JHepablicans is very generally in favor of
a Western mar; at the head of the ticket
with an Kasiern man, some strong per-'
son from New York, for the second j
place. Judging from the talk of politicians
on both sides the meeting of Con
:u i : 1- 1.1.1 _ I
\>xll iuv iivyiiig ui iui >*ires> j
i or the picking up of delegates by the i
different asjjirants fox- nomination, so as j
to eater the convention with as good a j
showing as possible. From present in-!
plications Blaine's l'riends will control |
the convention to a greater extent than j
any one candidate, but whether he can
control it as against the field may be
considered doubtful, after the experience
of the mismanaged interests of the candidates
in the field in 16S4.
Randolph.
MH1LI5?T DEUAIEFFS ESCAPE.
Horrible Arroaiils of Ui<* Prisoner's Condition
hi the Siberian >Ii?te*.
The Xew York Sim's St. Petersburg
correspondent telegraphs that lie learns,
despite otiicial secrecy, that the police j
have received a full confirmation from
Siberia of the reported escape of 31. '
Degaieff, the famous Nihilist conspirator
who planned and assisted in the murder
of Lieutenant Colonel Sudeikin, the cheif :
of police, and one of his staff, nearly ;
three years ago. The police have traced 1
Degaieff to Geneva, and have vainly '
tried to wheedle the Swiss government i '
into extraditing him. j
Thft r>nlice are <rettin?r nervous nvpr !
the frequent escapes from Siberia this j'
year. The few who have ventured to !(
return to St. Petersburg have been re (
captured, but the majority have made ]
their way to Geneva and London, and .
the plotting against the government has !]
been renewed with redoubled ferver. | !
Since June at least twenty Siberian pris- j
oners nave escaped, including two eaval- jJ
ry officers and several students, some of | ]
them escaping by way of Camuodia- j3
The precautions whfph fire observed ;1
throughout Siberia are so stringent tliat j5
the government is persuaded that the j (
escapes could not have been eii'ected ] <
without connivance with the prison j '
officials. 11
So great a commotion has been caused |c
by these repeated jail deliveries, that a j J
special comission has been sent to Siberia J *
IV l-UAJCU-L^ 1UIV liiVii UbUOUO; CLL1U. tU j, w" j .
organize the entire system 04 prison j'
jo'-'emmeiit, A mxrubor uf high officials, ! c
Linger whose charge the escaped prisoners 11
were, have been suspended, and some J
officers, who were either criminally neg- k
Ligent. or else assisted in releasing the c
prisoners, have been arrested and thrown *
Into prison. ?
The refugees report that the Siberian ^
[ riser? una mines are crowded with ex- *
ties. Disease is ramuant. and senrrv is *
especially severe. The mortality, they *
say, is frightful. The Nihilists are greatly
excited and rejoiced over the many 1
escapes, but declare that they will not *
strike again until they are sure of their ^
:nark. (M.
Degaieff, alias Jab}oas?i, the Ni- }
aiUs^jvhosee^above, -Las* -j
idle had been with Nihilism for 1
many years, bi-r diu. not come promi- 1
nently into notice until the murder of ^
ueneral Streinikoff at Odessa. For his f
connection with this crime he was trans- T
ported to Siberia, but escaped and ?
returned to St. Petersburg. There he professed
to have renounced Nihilism 2
md offered his services to Lieutenant *
Colonel SiTdeikin. the chief of police for- I
the District of St. Petersburg, and soon ^
became his confidential spv. On the
night of December 18, 1883, De- 5
gaieft* was seated in a room with i
Colonel Sudeiiin and his nephew, 1
an assistant detective, when, at a ]
signal from Degaiefi', the door was c
suddenly thrown open and "a shot fired c
at Colonel Sudeikin, which was immedi- (
ately followed by a blow on the head *
with a crowbar. Sudeikin seized two
heavy candlesticks and managed to se- c
verely wound one of his assailants before *
he was finally overcome by the superi- ?
ority of numbers and stabbed to death. !
Jlcanwhile his nephev; was struck down ]
and left on the floor mortally w unded. 1
Degaiefi"; with the assistance'of the other (
Nihilists, removed their wounded accom- J
-i >rr ?
{Jiicu, .<uiu itu uiauc esuajse.
Degaieff made his way to Geneva and 1
afterward to London", where he intended ]
to embark for America. He was de- \
taihed for some r<sason, and when next ,
heard of had beer, captured on Russian soil
and sentenced to Siberia for hie. ^
the murder of Colonel Sudeikin was '
attributed to revenge for the arrest of j
3Ime, Wolkenstein, who went to St. 4
Petersburg from Kharkof for the pur- '
pose of murdering the Czar. Her arrest *
was due to the energy of Colonel Sudei- ^
kin and his nephew. *
?? j
Scarci y of Domestic Servants.
The scarcity of domestics revealed by .
the other incidents mentioned is an un- 1
doubted fact. At the very time that we ?
are being asked to aid in the emigration ;
of surplus won+en, and are .being celled '
upon to juty the poor needlewomen of 1
the metropolis toiling the livelong day '
for a wretched pittance too. small to pro- J
vide adequately ti e mere necessaries of existence?at
that very time good lood, warmth,
shelter in nice houses and a rea
sonable amount of pocket money are
being fruitlessly cfiered in return for
comparatively llglit toil. Why is this? i
Why do girlb prefer being jam-makers,'!
nr liAv-nml-prs nr UPwllMTompn. and i i
starving by inches after prolonged toil at
such occupations, instead of accepting
comfort and good wages as domestic
servants? I was sitt^ng on the platforfn
at a public meeting last winter,- when a
lady sitting beside me rose and gave a
pathetic account of gidsunde^'herch^iiluble
notice eaniing" only nine shillings
weekly by stitching from G one morning
till 1 the next. At that very time, I was
vainly advertising for an expert needlewoman.
to come to do the stitching for
inv home and a few li<?ht domestic du
ties, in return for which she would have j
a comfortable home and nearly ^ine j
shillings a week in j;duicion. Whfen the j
lady resumed her seat beside me .I quietly ;
asked her, in her ear, why this class of ;
girls did not go to service? She replied, i
with considerable and unnecessary .tart- j
ness, that they had neither .the clothes j
nor the knowledge to do so. But I .did j
not find xlus answer sufficient. Ccr. any
: of my rcadprs hely mc to solve theipreb- \
| luin. why gins will not go to service??II
; lustrated London Xew^.,
The Prst in Biloxi.
_
Vr.,.. r>?-- . . i
kj sx i. .1. ? ??cvuittl.
new cases of -yellow' fever are reported
from Diloxi.' ' Physicians there admit that
fifteen cases are under treatment. Mrs.
Edward, of Cleveland, Ohio, who went
there ten d .ys ?go, died, of the disease "today.
Bilosi is closely quarantined, ana the
Louisiana Bond ot Health ryot raise
the quarantine, until after several hard
frosts have occurred,
?*
Wedding rings now are hardly so hig I
and clumsy as those formerly worn. 1
a
MARRIAGES I\ HHiti LIFE.
Some XotaMe Wedding* its liie Early Pert of
the t'entiirv?Matrimonial Connection* of
Washington. Adams and JHTernon.
'Ga'.h in Cinciorr-if Koqv.irer .
Even our Presidents liave poor luck
with their marriages. Washington married
Lis adopted daughter, who was
l.is wife's grandchild to ):is own nephew,
Jtnd the last I heard of them was the sale
to th<- government of some ol Washington's
old furniture uy the posterity.
John Adams hail a daughter named
Abigail, who married a young revolutionary
officer named Smith. In taking
care of Smith, who was but mediocre,
Adams incurred many enmities.
fI li.i lorliAc li^i
A. lUlkUVJl 1U ILi V-OlV. V.I
in tlie subject of the marriages of important
people. Mr. Jefferson Lad very
interesting daughters, and they married
Virginia politicians around liiia, to very
little satisfaction in at least one case.
Maria, ike best looking of these gills,
died in IS!>4. Her husband had bee.- a
sporting man and horseman, an- it appears
that both the sons-in-law of Jetierson
required endorsements, etc., which
brought the old man's gray hairs down
to mendicancy, in addition to his own
financial errors.
Aaron Burr, on the other hand, had
one daughter, and she made a brilliant
m.'.rriage, but it was her father who in
volved her and her husband in his un
scrupulous nnanciai ana political hicks,
mined her husband, and when she embarked
from South Carolina with her
3hild to seek her lather, J she met somewhere
in this world an agonizing death,
[t is a legend that pirates toon tne vessel:
md made this brilliant young woman I
md her child walk the plank. No evi-1
:k*ace, however, exists on tne subject, i
;xcept hearsay; at that time there were
privateers and pirates;
The most brilliant marriage ever made
n the political circles of the country in i
:he times of Washington was that of Ann
Willing to "William 1 gingham. They
narried early in those days, especially
fdiere there was money, and Ann Wiling
married at sixteen. Her husband
ivas descended from a Quaker blackniiith.
but. ln's fomilv had for four
.-rations made prosperous marriages, and
luring our revolutionary war the husband
got out of the country* and held a
position of lialf British, half American j
;onsul in one of the West India islands
:o which privateers resorted. He came
lome vpry and received as well the
Bingham Moneys, and he choose the
laughter of Willing, who was president
>f the United States Bank, and business
>artner of Kobert Morris. The Willings
vere the finest people in Philadelphia, j
Secretarv Bavard is descended froni one !
>f them. Freshly married "in Ixer bloom,
he bride an$, hysbyiQ vent to Europe
md reraai&ed away live years. They
vero introduced at the court of the
French king by Minister Adams, and
ihe young man was greatly admired as
he first American ever seen abroad.
vYhen he returned, at the commencenent
of Washington's admini?tvation,
bey built the finest hoy^e ever seen in
Philadelphia up to that time, and not
^celled perhaps in the present day. It
vas filled with the best furniture to be
mnp-lit in Prance and the bpc+ |
roiu Italy. Along camc young Baring, |
he English banker, and saw the daugh-'
er of this pair so superbjy brought up,
vitii a town house una country house,
'.nd he married lier; and the larger portion
of the Bingham property, which
imounted to ?1,200,000 in money, went
;o swell the capital of the Barings, The
roung mother, howeycT, having lost
lerself in, Jogiety, caught cold in an imperfect
dress one night, and was seized
vith consumption, and she died in the
West Indies at an early age. She ha a
.ister of whom great things was expected,
but along came a dissolute French
lobleman, without any standing or propriety,
and he tempted this girl to go
>ut with him one night, and he kept her
rat all night,- to the horror and wonder
)f the town, and then made a compronise
with her parents whereby they gave
11111 illUlIt^v tu 5CUU 11C1 iiuiut;, BAM; %>ao
livorced by the Legislature,' her father
lading become United States Senator,
md so~ little was made of the matter" by
;he Baring family 'that she was' solicited
n marriage by her brother-in-law Ba?ng,
and after' living with him until his
lecease she married another French
lobleman and passed out of notice.
President Taylor's daughter ran away
rith Jefferson Da-vis. President Monroe^
daughter married her cousin, and
U kr f
xikzj iiifcvv: iciiJ ouauc ?v j
vVashinrton and some in the SUite pf!
Maryland. Nellie terant is the last1
President's daughter to draw attention. I
^he saw a young, bright-faced Englishnan
on a steamship and fell in love with
aim without much reason or inquest, 1
md he turned out to be apparently a
>ort of boys' companion, hardly ever
poking up to the dignity of acquaint-;
mce with grown men. He therefore j
seeks his pleasure up in London, when j
le has any money to spend, and she j
stays at home with her baby.
'ill* /v ? lJInnn a'i? oar? lf< ft I
-Lilt? lIlcilll&?C VI JLU4.1I.LIC O OKJ11 10 U. lA^O"
:imonv to the beauty, modesty accl
sweetness of Mrs. Nevins, the mother of
;lie bride, who has been too mv,$i 52ieef?ied
on uli these points for her daughter
to pass into nothingness. In this
lase we know what the poet means when
tie says:
i thing of beauty is a joy forever;
[ts loveliness increases;; it will never
Pass into nothingness, but still will keep.
Don't Want to-t heat the Hangman.
Chicago, October 20.?A rumor was
current to-dav' that Anarchists Spies and
Parsons had attempted suicide' in their
dells. A reporter hurried to the jail.' where
lis found both of'the men alive and apparently
happy'.' Spies could hot bo approached
during the hour of exercise tor
the presS cf' women?handsome", stylishi
and Tcs'pectaijle women iob?alvoyt'liiir..
Pursons'Uept aioof, and. with his little
daughter on his knee, read his correspondence
at length. He laughed when at last
the reporter gained his attention and informed
him of the rumor. "Why." he
said, "you can bear it always in mind that
neither 31 r. Spies nor myreK wjl} attempt
sue)' a pie.e o' s^?nic.-* As" tar us I am
prfwionnUy" concerned I want to live to bras
old as Methuselah, and, furthermore, I
don't want to swindle John Harper am oi
his job. Lot me sea?yes, the hangman
gets ?25. However, set it down that ! will
not .die bv mv own hands."
Kuin tei:ifig $ jvtMaic OSente.
Lon>* u.i.e, Ky.7 October 20.?The
Grand Lvdge of Kentucky. F. and A. M.,
resumed it* session at the. Masons' Ten:pie
this morning. Al'out 500 delegates wer?
present, sndihe interact ir. th* yEocesaings
v, a,,-&r&a. bfrandivSIa'?ier 'it (vWt-lt
6;]hxLtLoa$$eTnl>:uf0 tot or/j^-r () o'clock.
Tlie greater'part-of the morning session
was consumed in hearing cbmiaitiea r^
ports. The'following resolution wa-i 1 ead
ana aaopcca.
"Whureas the use of intoxicating liquors
as a beverage is ihe greatest detriment to
ilie growth and prosperity of M aternity
therefore,_be it
~ Rl'yjiced, That the business of saloon
keeping l>e dc-emcd a Masonic offence, and
punishable as other ou'ence. contrary to the
rules of tlie order!
TIMELY TALK FOR FARMERS.
' | <>'r?'CR Forage in Spring?How to Counteract
Leaching.
(From ibo Atlanta Constitution.)
j The hardier small grains, such as rye
and barley, may be sown during this and
the next month. They are valuable as
soiling crops in early spring; barley
richer and more relished bv stock, rye
j hardier ami better adapted to poor land,
j Where there is more rye than can he fed
i in its green state, it is cut and cured as
j hay, provided it is cut before the heads
i are out. It becomes woody and liard
i soon after the heads form, and is then of
j little value. Barley may be allowed to
! ripen, and be harvested and fed like
j oats. There is a general impression that
j the beard is in the way of doing this,
uul a, recently miormeu us
that he has fed barley in the sheaf to his
horses for twenty years without injury;
that sometimes the beards collect between
the lips and jaws, but are easily
removed by the finger, and the animal
suffers no special inconvenience. We
are also reliably informed that unthresLed
barley is quite commonly fed to
horses in California. Where one has
pretty good land, therefore, barley might
be sown as a substitute for fall oats, in
localities where the latter is very liable
to be winter killed.
But our special object in calling attention
to these crops is to present their
claims as means lor preserving tne lertilitv
of soils. In the first place, a very
large portion of our lands are left bare
through the winter, with nothing to protect
them from being washed away by
the heavy rains of that season. A grow- j
ing crop, especially one with numerous
roots, tends to hold the soil firmly. For I
this reason alone, were there no other, it;
would pay a farmer to sow from a half
bushel tu throe pecks of rye per aero in
his cotton fields at the last ploughing of
the crop. The rye, after having done
its work of holding the soil, might be
grazed, or cut in the spring for soiling
purposes, or might be plowed under to
enrich the soil.
But tlicre is another very important
work which a green, growing crop has to
perform, which is not generally or f unappreciated.
It is a great anti-leacher;
it prevents the washing out of the available
nitrogen in the soil by rain water.
The ultimate form which nitrogen as-1
sumes in the soil is nitric acid (aqua
fortis) and is found in combination with
potash, soda, lime, etc., forming salts
known as nitrates. Now all nitrates are
soluble in water, and besides are not held
by rocks as phosphoric acid and potash
arc. The nitrates are very easily washed
or leached out. This is not only capable
of demonstration in a laboratory, but
has been abundantly shown by collecting
the water from underdrains (tiles) and
auaijinciLi. -Lt juaa uccjli jluuuu v<u**v
where the water came from tiles under a
bare, naked piece of land, the nitrates in
it exceeded by a considerable quantity
tliat fi'O^u tiles overlaid by a green, grow132
c-rop: The growing crop appropriated
and held the nitrates?the bare soil
let it go.
But this is nut all. The frequent
plowing and stirring of the soil encourages
the formation oi nitrates?the inacrluVlc.
idlers lOTJXlS Ul IlltrOgell 1U tuC
soil, are thereby changed into soluble
nitrates. Hence in autumn the soils of
our cotton fields are comparatively rich
in nitrates, and continue so until the
winter rain leaches them out. A cotton
field is net only, therefore, most liable
to washing, but most exposed also to
greatest leaching. Above other fields
it needs the protection of a growing crop
through, the winter and early spring. It
is not too late yet to give it this protection.
Sow rye now, and continue to
sow, if needs be, till the first of December.
Sow southern raised or home
seed?that from the northwest will not
give satisfactory results. Even if a field
is intended for corn the next year, sow
it in rye now and turn it under next
spring. Farmers think it right to sow
and plow in peas for enriching land in
summer; let them tiy the same thing
with rye in winter. It will cost no more,
and probably do more good. Peas increase
the supply of available nitrogen
in thp soil: rye'will liold tnat already
present and prevent its loss. Fields covered
with winter grasses are neither
washed nor leached?they increase in
fertility. Let us bring our summer cultivated
lands as noarly as possible into
the same condition by clothing them in
winter with a oarpet of green, w. l. j.
A Gorgeous Rival of scnaior Tabor.
"
A youug lady who has just returned
from a loug Western trip says that the |
most entertaining leature oi tne wnoie i
excursion was Lord X, a distinguished
elderly Englishman, and his baby-blue
nightgown. Lord X traveled with a
valet, of course. He retired to bed on
the palace car quite early, and every
night withdrew to the masculine preserves
at one end of the car and had his i
valet undress him and rig him for the j
night. When all was done he marched i
down through the aisle to his "section, at j
the other end of the car magnificently j
arrayed- in ? baby-blue' liiiiihei'"night- I
gown thai hung to his feet and had a i
beautiful frill at the neck. Upon his j
head was a white knitted nightcap, and |
his rosy countenance and his yellow side j
whiskers helped, with the vaiet iouowing
behind with his lordship's day
clothes on his ari^, to make up a picture
never to be forgotten.
His lordship's bathtub carae with liim
all the way from ban Francisco to New
York, but as to whether it tv?Ts ever used
on the Sleepiug-caT journey the Boston
lady deposeth not.?-Boston Record.
' ** ?
The Eaxtcrn War Vlou'l.
Sori-. O.cLobor aO.?Gadtoin Elleudi. !
tb.fl Turkish embassador. lyis mltf-mcd the
Bulgarian ministry thai he has been instructed
to act in concert with General
Kaulbars, the Russian agent, whose arrival
at Sofia, he says, he will await before
making for Turkey definite proposals t:
Bulgaria, strongly advH"? .lie flhuistry^
howcvT. in the cunr-ede the
, >tussi,.n Hud postpone the meeting
or tn<; Great Sobranje to elect a successor
to the Bulgarian throne.
As soon as Effend.j's inf?nm:ttioi: was
! roceiv.'-d, a special cabinet Council was
held to consider what he had presented.
The result of tbis council was that Gadbar.
Ktlendi. was informed th-t ^i;k.ariaj}
pcovemmct vn..J,d v.u }?.'.?"-o brook Turkish.
Vi,an >>" ~i>u7d Russian interference, but
would .resist both..
It is reported in Kankoff rpro-Kussian)
circles that Oadban Effendi has confidentially
stated that the. Czar has made arrangements
with ?i>e Vorv- 1':: rar guaranteeing
;hc J?.tc?riiy "vile- IsuiWi
dGDEliP.iOLS,- f nrtish war in
! an j obtaining permission to garrison
and fortify the P.adaneUes and occupy
ftulgayiu "with liu^n ana Koumelia with
Yurkisu troop'i. '
Alarm is felt here over the luassln"
Turkish troops, which is in -- af0!^
^ulganan f--ucr. * =
*iic Hegenev have published a decree
I convening the "Great Sobranje on October
27. All foreign Consuls except the Russian
| representative will attend the opening.
I The griddle cake days have come?the
' most dyspeptic of the year.
! ? IBMIMI I?W illi II HI M I MB I M 11 I
AX APOSTATE FOR LOVE.
: Brooklyn"* Marrietl Priest Tell* \\ l?y He Lcfi
the Church.
(Frcm the New York Star )
Tlxe Iiev. Wm. J. Sherman, the priest
of Red Hook Point, whose marriage
with Miss Tillie McCoy a short time
since created such an excitement in Pioman
Catholic circles, yesterday received
a reporter in the little house where he is
now living with his wife, and for the lirst
time told bow be was led to change bis
happiness hereafter for the enjoyment of
matrimony in the present. Dr. Sherman
has lost much of his priestly appearance.
His hair is longer and brushed straight
j up from the forehead, his mobile lips are
shadowed by a heavy moustache, and the
suavity of thes piritual adviser has given
place to the frank, hearty manner of robust
youfh.
1 "I left the Catholic Church because t
was in love," he said. "I had known
3Iiss McCosixteen years, and when
I was a pries; called on her often in a
friendly way. When I found that I loved
her I proposed to her. She accepted me,
and wo were married. I was not dragged
or made drunk, but was married with my
eyes wide open, and have lived happily
with mv wife ever since. After our marriage
we went immediately to Boston on
oiu- honeymoon, and stayed there until
J ulv 6, when we came back to Brooklyn
for a few days. 1 then took my wife to
Philadelphia, where I obtained emnlov
ment, through Councilman McCullough,
oi' that city, as cleric in the Ohio IIailroad
office/ We stayed there about two
months, boarding in the Girard House.
"At the end of the second month I
received a letter from my wifo's uncle,
asking me to return to Brooklyn, as he
thought I could do better there. We returned
on the 28th of last month, and I
found that my wife's uncle wanted me to
' go and see a well-known Baptist clergyman,
whom he thought would befriend
| me. I went to see the reverend gentle;
man, and, after he heard my story, he
, asked me if I wouldn't like to join the
Baptist Church. I did not answer this
| question for some time, until, in fact, I
thought, it over thoroughly. In the i
meantime, I mingled with Baptist peo-1
pie and went to their meetings, and the j
consequence is that I am now studying
for the Baptist ministry and expect to be
i ordained some time in January. Of
course mj plans are not definite as yet,
and I have no special church in view, but
if I am accepted and ordained 1 will go
wherever the conference decides to send
me. A number of otiitr people have
b<><;n ai'tor ma to ioin the Independent i
Catholic Church, whatever that is, but I
have finished with the Catholic religion.
"How do ray people feel in regard to
ray marriage? Well, I haven't been
home since, but I have seen my father,
and he is reconciled. Of course some
Catholics feel bitterly toward me, but
these threats of shooting don't trouble
me in the least* I am perfectly fearless
and can defend myself. Finally I will j
say that ray marriige and departure from !
the church"were entirely my own doing, j
and no One else had anything to do with j
them. I am ready alone to stand the j
fit >nspfyynces. '-tcver they may be."?-]
RAPID RLWM.NG BY RAIL.
*
How a Train Traveled Three Hundred Miles an I
Hour.
(From the Saa Frarcisco Cinoniclv.)
When George Stevenson asserted his j
ability to run passenger coaches at a j
spceu Ol twelve 10 mteexi ames ail nuur, ;
scientific and practical men deemed him i
fit for a lunatic asylum, but time lias !
shown that trains may be run at a much
greater velocity without materially adding
to the dangers of railway travel. The
flight of the fast express on the Pennsylvania
railway is a marked example of
tlie possibilities in the way of sustaining
high rates of speed. This road now runs
the fastest train in America. Nine liun- j
dred and twelve miles, including seven j
stops, are accomplished in 2-3 i hours, j
and the average time is 36.30 miles an j
hou?. A portion of the distance is ran '
at the rate'of 7o miles an hour. At aj
-T - -c /?n *1 "L J."U~ : t
speeu. Ui ou iujulo uu nuui inc uriviiig |
\vheels of the locomotive on this train ;
make 258} revolutions a minute. "Win. .
Yanderbilt?s spurt of SI miles in G1 min- j
utes on the New York Central is declared ;
to be the highest rate of speed ever at-;
tuined in this country, but this speed ;
was not a surprise to good engineers, j
many of whom are firm in the belief that j
100 miles an hour will yet be" accom-1
|)lisueu ULI AUieriCilU 1UUU5,
Thirty-one years ago Colonel Itfeiggs
read a paper before the New York Farmers'
Club on "Future Traveling," in
which lie expressed the belief that railroad
cars could be safely propelled by
steam at the rate of 300 miles an hour.
He said: "The Emperor of Russia has
taken the lirst great step toward what I
deem the ultimatum of railroad travel.
Instead of cutting what I call a mere
drill through the country and going
around everything in the way for a-1
straight line, he has cut a broad--v ay'^o^
300 miles from- St.'Tdtersbiirg Alos-1
cowv* He has'ta^e it'all tiie way 200 j
feet wido, so that the engineer sees!
everything on the road. This is part of i
the future?the railroad from point to j
point with a mathematical line; the rails
ten times stronger tnan are now rssd;
the locomotives on wheels of far greater j
diameter- the - gauge1 of a ' relative I
breadth; the signals and times perfectly !
settled; the roads on both sides during ;
the transit of trains having the gate of |
the walls all closed?then ' instead of I
traveling 100 miles an 'hotir, we shall j
more safely traVd "300 miles an hour,"
!::One6ftiie latest' effoits ab imiirove-. |
j ment in locomotives is "that of a Frencli-!
I .?m riiimWl F!strjidp. \vhr> "lias ftfjristmnt- !
! ed aii eiigiu'e which lie c$i(si I<? Pqris^ j
j eunc. La Par&ipnse, wasU watered and j
fired; Tx'vigUs K>nu, Its driving wheels, .
?is in number, ure feet in diameter, i
The cylinders are out-sido, with vaive
boxes on the top. The diameter of ca^i;
cylinder is IS?, inches. ?r.C. iesigtn oi
stroke is ? ^6, in iuches. This en-1
is -ut?i4^*igv high speed, and will |
C&Hy u pressure of 200 pounds to the i
square inch above the atmosvh}^ ?i- <tii f
: absolute pressure cf pounds. Es-j
| trade's engine is'designed to ran at the j
I dveitige rate of 78 miles an hour.
. -O??* -
.^n :\o|UHiai ox .?ji?rrc. crop iuai !
+vf Alraiiiirtii^titer.
ivi'rs::ii:<:, Ot'obrr I'?.?The Sunreuio
Court to-day rendered a decision in the
case of Janvs \Y. ifiiaLds, of fiercer
county, inlands hud been placed on trial
for murder, and-the jury was dis'-l-ur^l
without ids consent. JTe wa~ ir.iin called
up for ,vh~; vu? V(d in n plea" thrt hS'lil'e j
I iiao. aircni'jJ bct/n -6to/v?i in jeopardy. Th. '
i CJo?^ u\'ciiultll 'ltl6 '] !?.? ^y. '
| victed. lie anneal \? tiiy sprite t/ouh I
I t^e deqsiou of tie lower <jov?Tt was;
| ;c?w^vu viuu ?' cw
i qu'ently he Tyr\? RrftStetl ?"" "' , v"'^
1 vWi uU a ?*? - ^ and con!
?ge ot involuntary man.^5uier.
He was sent first to i>rison, but
afterwards appealed for a second trial.
Judge Paxson rendered the decision of the
Court and held that the acquittal of the
higher grade did not preclude the Commonwealth
from trying and convicting liim of
the leaser crime, which a misdemeanor
and not a "felony./ Hilands will consequently
have to serre out his term."
"Wall afreet leads U>
I A SAi) COi RT SCEXK.
!
' Two l.iltle Hoys \cciimts of Their Father?A
Thrilling Temperanee Lecture.
(From the Philadelphia Tolegraj.h.)
i "Patrick Collins."
A manly little fellow of twelve years,
J with ii round bright lace and dark eyes,
j and dressed in a neat Knickerbocker suit,
I walked erect and rapidly toward me
: clerk in the court of oyer and terminer
i in Jersey City yesterday. He Lad his
! hand on the Bible, and promised to tell
j the truth, the whole truth, and nothing
but the truth.
! A man of forty years, plainly but neat
ly attired, intently watched the child,
j He had shuddered when the name was
called by Prosecutor Winfield, and nerj
vously squeezed his black felt hat as the
; child was sworn. An expression in. which
| admiration and fear were blended came
j over his face as his eyes noted tiie bright,
j ready demeanor of the .hoy.
| The spectators ItfoheTf on the scene
| with wrapt attention, for they knew tliat
i the hoy was to tell how his mother was
| murdered, and that the murderer, the J
| man, was his father.
j .lames Collins and his wife led a catj
and-dog life for many years. On May
| 17 last?a Snndav?they quarreled. The
| next morning the wife was found in bed
i dead, her nursing baby at her side.
Forty wounds were counted by County
Physician Converse on her body. The
occurrences of that Sunday were known
j in part to the two bo vs; fully, only to
| the prisoner.
iiie prisoner s counsel ofterea a plea
| of manslaughter, 'which was refused. A
! eoDsuItaiion and another long conference
I with Judge Knapj) and the prosecutor
i followed. The counsel for the defense
i evidently did not desire to assume the
{ risk of a trial. They offered to plead
| guilty to murder in the second degree,
i The plea was reluctantly accepted by the
I * ,1 u - i .i- i.t_
i cuuri, Soiu uiu uccuscu liuutiv uut yiaury
j whispered "Yes" when askecl if he rej
tracted his plea of not guilty. Then
Collin's son gave testimony to determine
if there were mitigating circumstances.
Several witnesses had testified that both
husband and wife were quarrelsome.
Patrick did not realize that he was
homeless and almost friendless, but frei
quently looked aftU ; :onately at his fath
! er, and once smiled in return as a faint
smile of pride at the intelligence of his
boy stole for a moment on the face of
the father. Patrick did not soj the fatal
assault. He left his wretches home at
10 o'clock on Sunday morning because
liic faflnvi* orwl Nio liorl
drinking and he feared trouble. He remained
away until 8 o'clock that niglit.
Tears moistened his cheeks and he
sobbed as he described how on his return
he went to his mamma's bed. He
thought she was asleep. He was hungry,
and shook her to arouse her as he
asked for a slice of bread. He could not
wake her, and went into his lather's
room. His papa was awake and told him
' mamma was dead." The child again
Avept wiien he related how, tlie mght before,
liis mother had tried to push his
father clown stail's because he would not
give her his wages; but the tears were
chased away, by-smiles wkeu he enumerthn
uriielea liis i'atlicr lioilght that I
Saturday night for him and his brothers.
Martin, his brother, who is a year
younger, was also called. Like his brother,
Martin has an attractive face. He is
of fair complexion, and has blue eyes.
He showed not the least nervousness or
fear. He seemed to admire his father, :
and was disposed to cast the blame on
his dead mother. In his testimony he :
told how that Sunday morning his moth- :
er fell, and in her rage broke the stove :
with a hammer. She sent him for i
wnisky. He broke down as lie said "1
didn't want to go.:' In a moment he re- 1
covered and resumed: '%She said she
would kill mc stone dead if I didn't go.';
He brought lie;- a bottle of whisky, and ! <
she drank it. He left her asleep in the <
rocking-chair at half-past 5 in tiie afternoon.
Iiis father was sleeping in the
bed at the time. When he returned 1
home three hours later his mother was <
dead. He voluntarily told of several .
tights in which. liis mother was the ag- ;
gressor, and reluctantly described those
in which his father was at fault. As he :
left the stand and passed his father, the
father muttered: "God bless you, my
son?God bless you!" <
County Physician Converse selected 1
Patrick's baseball bat as the weapon with
which the death blow was probably inliicted.
The defendant ' submitte i a written :
statement. He was remanded for sentence.
The extreme penalty is twenty
years at hard labor in State prison. :
"What disposition to make of the tv>*o 1
boys puzzles Prosecutor Winfield, who i
is greatly attached to them, and is loath
to have them sent to any institution.
They wLl be detained for a lew days in
the hope that suitable homes may be
found.
hrittMii ^learner's Peril.
<
(r.om the New Orleans Tiin:*-Democrat.)
Captain Baker, on his last trip free; J
Liverpool to New Orleans, inet vitk an !
exciting experience It was on the forenoon
oi tiw'picidVier 24, as Lis ship, the
liritish steamer Ked Sea, was oil' the
Azores. The morning was c^ar ?nd
bright, but tho ves^i began to labor
heavily, and v;iis put under morni sails.
The -oa. became rough. \vhlir the win;!
blew a living gale. The barometer fiuctraated'
by jumps: tho comjjass was affected.
suddenly the vessel receive;} ft
terrific shock that racked li^ froio. ?>k>m
tr> Slip ftWjifli-prl ti\ Yw.r.nx ?#,a (
b.ottoui tuxd Tsr^s tU'i?\i? on hc-r beam ends, | .
jptut tj^a aibiost immediately. Ail 1
4v*mU?> rushed on deck to v.ifness the ajj- ]
palling sight of a mountain of water o? ^
the port bow roiling dowr *b'em, '
ihe vessel was h"::fie^ i^oWoa ai the tre- ;
mender^ Uilow/'and as she struck it
SvOOtV Ca fatern end. rode it gallantly,
pitching over it as from a prcckucg. AtO ;
the trough yawning ^elrv^ Tile rudder ;
and the pro^elV;; v?ev& Hoisted far out of
the \?;.l. r>"uio boats swung in the davits,
the yards creaked overhead. t];o vuasts :
strained and twisted u?l cho coal on :
dcck was sc^ttci'ca iiom one end to the
C.tUw* ?a6' came up out of the terri.Vis
tv.oiii-li clinnl.* nil TTTct"' n* viri,%io !
shipping but littV* -zziat, sustaining no \
materi:'1. uud plunged ahead od 1
her way. Captain Baker is positive. Uiat
his sudden and danirerov.i uiiemma was
the rosrdt of earthquake', arid if his
shr? h;?ti been heavily laden he would!
never have ridden it out m Safety.
\ \ovi-lr
j . I^ANAr0iW; October 2i.-A novel
uiai r.?tgc ceremony took place here last
night. Some timeago a clothing company
advertised that it would give a handsome
set of bedroom furniture to any couple who
would be married in the show window of
the establishment. < Uto Mver and Miss
Eva Johnston, of Morgan county, accepted
the oiler, and were married in the show
window last night, the ceremony attracting
3,000 people to the square. The appearance
of the couple was greeted with vocifer
- t. - ? y.y\r%4 t Jif/Mirrli.
| <JUS cutzure, V> IUV.11 nud vwiuiiitcu LUM/Vi^ii
j out the ccremony. Tlic bridal pair arc j
i both mciulx.-rs ofliisrhly respectable fnrrri-!
1 Her.
CAPITAL PUXISHMEXT IX CKIXA.
It Depend* Often on an Oflioer'* Wbini, and
May Be Met by Proxy.
(C^a Ton in the Columbia Jurist.)
In China capital punishment often depends
upon the whim of the olKcer of
the law. Here is an instance: Pen Ta
Ken, the Rear Admiral of the Yangtze
\rnc "tviccinrr nn AiQfrir?f onrl
! chanced to overhear a quarrel between a
j boatman and a soldier over the matter of
; two cash?the price of ferriage across a
j small stream. The Admiral took in the
j situation. The soldier liad been ferried
| over the stream, and then refused to pay
the poor ferryman. There was a principle
involved. A large number of soldiers
were lookincr on and apoarentlv
enjoying the ferryman's rage at the loss
of his wages. An example was needed,
and the "Great Man," as his name signifies,
who was incognito, being on a tour
of personal inspection, ordered the soldier
beheaded,'which was done on the
spot.
Willful murder, piracy and confirmed
| thieves fall under the headsman's axe. l'n|
fanticide, however, is not included as
: murder. The parent, by Chinese law,
has the right of life over his own child:
hencc the practice of female infanticide, j
Adultery falls under the life penalty at j
the will of the aggrieved party. Thus, a j
husband detecting his wife in adulter}' j
can go to the magistrate and demand the j
capital punishment of one or both par- j
ties to the crime, or lie may take the j
lives of the offenders himself and not be j
amenable if he can prove the fact. If, !
however, he fails to substantiate the i
crime alleged, he is held guilty of mur- {
der and punished accordingly.
Capital punishment can be met by i
proxy ana the law be satisfied. It is not;
uncommon, therefore, when a man of'
money is sentenced to death, that he can, j
by the use of money, secure a stay of j
r>rnnftp<1iTi.?TK 1nn<* pnnnfrb tn obtain a i
substitute. This is clone by making an
offer of one, two or more hundred
"taels" ('ounces of silver, about 133 i
ee :ts, oiir standard) for a substitute.
Some impecunious family, often having
200 or 300 male members, as the patriarchal
plan of domestic economy prevails,
"will agree among themselves that
they will furnish a substitute for the
proffered sum. Lot is then cast to determine
the victim, and the doomed man
accepts liis fate with stoical indifference
upon the ultra predestination theory that
his time has come, else the lot would not
have fallen to him individually. He accordingly
presents himself to the court, j
ana me convicted man aies oy proxy,
while the f amily of the deceased enjoy
the proceeds of the arrangement.
Specimens ol War Humor.
A good story is told on a young recruit
who recently enlisted at Camp Hancock,
near Atlanta. The young fellow joined
the army while the country was threatening
war with Mexico and he intended
to make a good soldier. One day ht was
on guard duty and was slowly stepping
along when an officer annroached. After
tlie usual salute llie officer said: L
"Let me see your gun." ^
'Fbo raw jrtwxxiit ?nv.'^z:?*
Springfield rifle and a pleased expression r
stole over his face.
As the officer received the gun he said
in a tone of deepest disgust :
"You're a fine soldier! You've given
up your gun, and now what are you going
to do?"
The young Atlantian turned pale and
reaching for his hip pocket drew a big
six shooter and preparing for business :
said in a voice that could not be misun- :
tier.stood: 1
*'Gimme that gun or I'll blow a hole
through you in a pair :r minutes!"
The officer instantly decided not to
"monkey" any further with the raw recruit,
and the gun was promptly surrendered.
This story brings to mind one that is
h/"\l A r,f o mtowl vI^a
tVAU. V/JL CV ^ llXbJ. V.L ?? 1-iV/ M OO
Mice 011 duty over in South Carolina.
A.n officer was discussing war matters 1
ind remarked:
"You know your duty here, do you, :
sentinel?" " "
"Yes, sir." !
''Well, bow, suppose they should op<n
you with shslls and musketry, what 1
would you do?" ' ^
"Form a line, sir!"
"What! one man form a line?"
"Yes, sir: form a bee line for camp,
sir." j
One day Beauregard, with several les- ,
1i/y1i+c? a hw/mi r-AnfiMAl ? ! ?/% 1\n<1
jvx uj/vu a o^-u.t'.?;;u xj>*A\A.
taken liis giin entirely to pieces and was
greasing lock, stock and barrel. The J
:jreat general looked like a thunder '
sloud, but neither his. flashing uniform :
nor the scowl o?, Hs face had any effect ;
in, tk,e sentinel, who quietly proceeded
;c nib a piece of his gun. j
"Say," remarked an officer, 4"that's
Beauregard there; he's a sort of - general"
<:A11 right." the unabashed senti- j
nel: "il he'll'wait'till I get this gun together
I'll give him a sort of * saiate."
i
\i \V?w the ijame Girl. t.
This, world; is full of f^ueer pliings that "(
jno never gets o? to. ' Now, you can
2ome '.seven. past a big boarding house in .
iie moaning. A young fellow meets you
md lie's wMatlwg abraC.i the nightingale ;
iingin? yo??=?f yon, you know?ana .
rou thi^k how meiry and free from care
i^e is. You hear a window opsn. Yq* '
lon't put the two things together at all,
but if you look up you'll as# a girl waving
her handkevci^^ and yon'11 notice >
if you babk that tiie man. has i
i's^pj^eii whistling and is waving his. hand
rigorously. Then you'll zzeoi another
follow. He's whi^iisg a bit of "II
Irovatore" * careless, happy way.
Vci; happen to glance up and you S;<j a
gh'i waving her handkerchief and he
st/vns whi&tlinor ;inrl nfV liic liot
throwing n.^ c, ianile that goes up li^htr;
thru *ki' water from' a lire engine. A i
iittle later you'll meet pother man. He i
has a bad cou^L, ? very bad cough, but:
heget= ^setter,""squints up skyward audi
v.x'jre.s his hand, and a girl drops a smile i
upon him It's oil lie same girl, but the f
men do:>:t; of one another's e>;ist- j
enc&. /ind some day there wiii be a light
for all those ra^n will cive the signal at
A r ?/t fin. I yv--i
UUL .NH-LIV^ LiXlVy '.Xll,
San y^nci^co Chronicle?Doii't
sprinkle your milk punch with
nutmeg. The common nutmegs are
P?'!0nous in large doses. In a cast; 1
which came under medical treatment, a J
lady had eaten a whole nutmeg tn<{ a.
half, which caused extr^m-s drowsiness,
then great nervo1^ excitement, followed
by subsequent depression and pain in the
region of the heart.?Atlanta Constitution.
Celery and cranberries liave ccn-e, and
the gobble-gobble of the- turkey is heard in
; the thanksgiving land,
It is said that tho latent now among the
young ladies is a little brush broom. This
'they use to dust the coats of their lovers,
where they have laid their pretty powdered
free*.
another through hi- arm. Iaccrau fired
several shots after he was mortally winded.
H<- was one of tlic most noted and
desperate outlaws of North Carolina.
"When a woman knits her brows it 13
prolyl>ly 1 >( ( :tir<e <-[?> }< out. of yarn,
A
Al TOM VTA E\ FORMER CENTURIES.
Translated frotn the German, by J. Bahlmann,
Columbia, S. C'., for the Daily Record.
Automata are callcd those machines,
or those moving lifeless objects, which
liavc concealed the motive power, and
consequently seem to move of their own
accord; when they have the form of man
! and perform human actions then tney
i arc also called androides. Tlie motive
; power generally consists of springs,
| chains, weights, which can be easily concealed.
J Antiquity already knew automata.
I The oldest^iutomat was the great phii
losopher, Aiehytas of Tarent, 400 years
B. C. He made a wooden pigeon, which,
as "Geliius" says, could fly. Pausanius
mentions a moving wooden eagle, Poi
lybius a creeping snail, which was made
I by the celebrated orator and statesman,
j Demitrius Phalereus, of Athens. In the
j middle age the monk Eoger Baco made
! a wooden head, which could make a
j speech. It is said that the celebrated
necromancer ana pnuosopner, iuoert tne
Great, Count of Bollstadt, (1193-1280)
made a wooden figure which opened the
door for the visitors, saluted and apparently
addressed them. On one occasion
the* equally renowned philosopher,
Thomas of Aquino, became so terribly
frightened that he struct off the head of
the figure. This mishap caused the
manufacturer to exclaim that his work of
imrcy years naa ueen aestroyea. xne
distinguished mathematician, Job Mul'ler,
made, among other works, a fly
which would move about on the table;
and an eagle which was placed on the
gate tower at Xumberg, and welcomed
the Emperor Maximilian II. on his arrival
in that city by moving its wings
and head. The Emperor Charles V.
found in his old a^e great pleasure in
works of art of this kind. The celebrated
Bullman of Numberg made
figures which marched to and fro, beating
the kettle drum and playing the lute.
It is said that in the 15th century a
potter in Eome produced a flute player;
in 1088 the French General, Count
Geuner, made a peafowl, which walked
and ate; the missionary Thibaut made
for the Emperor of China a walking lion;
also a tiger.
Among the artists in the 18th century
the names of Pierre and Henri Louis
Droz (father and son) must "be placed in
the foremost rank. The elder, Pierre,
was born in the Swiss canton of Neufchatel
in the year 1721, died 1790; the
younger was bom 1752, died 1791.
Among their works of art mention must
be made of a two year old child, who
wrote French words, dipping her pen in
the ink, and after each word would look
at her copy; the drawer also the size of
a two year "old child; another draftsman,
the size of a grown man, could draw
with a metallic pencil on parchment very
rapidly: sketch followed sketch, and very
often they had to furnish him with
another piece of parchment: the r>iano
player, a young girl, who played several
pieces, following the music with her
head and eyes, and after each performance
she would rise and bow to the audiDroz
made a snuffblixU^hree
.
were ^ ?
^mpHppiHMSroirvi small gold
tabi^iSJpiSgits Httle wings, moving its
tail and delighted the audience with a
melodious song. The king of Spain was
presented by these artists with a wonderful
clock, on which was a bleating sheep,
and a dor? continual! v watohinf* a hask?fr.
tilled with fruit, and barking when any
one tried to take it ofi. Yaucanson (born
at Grenoble 1709, died at Paris 1782)
showed in 17:38 hi? celebrated flute player;
it was a figure 51 feet high, sitting on
a pedestal, in which was concealed the
mechanism. This figure would put the
fiute to the lips, moving the fingers reguI
1 J t - * '
tuny, prouucing gcoa. ana correct notes,
and played several pieces. Another
automaton played on a shepherd's flute,
which he held in his left hand, and -with
his right hand beat on a tambourine the
accord. A third work of art finished in
1741 was a duck made of bronzed
copper, "which flapped its 'wings, stretchbig
out its neck to eat the corn scattered
before her, and digesting its food. The
inventor of this work of art was appointincrwaAf/v*
eillr /n.-.
CJ&JO. luftu uiavivxico au
Lyons, and the manufacturers threatened
to stone him, fearing their sales -vroalcL
be greatly diminished. The inspector,.,
iiearing of this threat, maae in retaliation
the figure of a^ jvss weaving cloth ia
variegated colors. This machine contained
innumerable chains, springs,
Le\ers; etc.
About the same time the Hungarian,
Wolfgang, bcm in Prenburg 1734t died
180-i, created ihe neatest sensation \rifb
ilia wonderful speaking and chess machine.
The first was invented in 1778,
and consisted of a wooden box 1 by ?
feet, in which, by means of a pair of
bellows anc?, severs! springs, the voice of
i child, was imitated. Several machines
liave been made by Mical, Kratzunstein,
Posch, but generally with less success.
The wonderful chess macliine, which
shown to the Empress Maria
I'hesesa in 1769, consisted of a figure,
natural size, dressed in the Turkish costume,
who was sitting before a tat^e 3-i
I^V *7 TYinf AT> TAllnrc? TV?ic /v
- ? ? - w ViA XVJU^IC. JL lAiO
played chess with experts, and almost
always won, at which the inventor was
always present; and whether he directed
the play, or a person was concealed irs
the machine, has neves been satisfactorily
explained, as. so direct communication
had detected. The inventor
was shraya willing to show his wonderful
machine (when not performing), which
consisted of a number of chains, wheels,
levers cad springs. The opinion prevailed
that magnetism was the motive
ppwes, but this theory was soon exploded.
This machine was on exhibition
in 1812 at Maijand, 1819 in London and
1S22 in Paiis.
Gseat excitemeat was produced by
Mailkrdet, a Bwiss, in London, who
showed ?, wooden female figure, breathing
naturally, moving her head, eyes and
body, and playing eighteen different
pieces on the piano.
Mention must be made of a vase, pre1,..
T_: J _r T5 ,:i j.- T> A
scutuu. uj x VJL JCX;U IU -uouaparce,
(being then lirst consul), which, when
touched, by a spring would turn to a
palm tree, under whose shades a shepardess
was spinning.
A ^otetf Outlaw Killed.
Dknisox. Texas, ctober'21.?News h:ts
just readied her. 0f t^e killing of John
Ingram, alia* john Ward, in the Cherokee
Nation. iE2rain has been livins with his
near Tahlequah. He was wanted in
Charleston, Swain county, X. C., for the
cold blooded murder of Samuel Welch
about a year ago, and s-300 reward was
offered for his capture. ' >n Wednesday
morning the Sherilt of Tahlecjuah, with a
pos^e, surrounded Ingram in a field wqere
he was plowing. He had a six-shooter in
his belt and a Winchester rifle was standing
in a fenee corner. When railed upon to
surrender he drew his shooter, whereupon
the onicers fired upon him with fatal result.
One shot passed through his bowels and