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VOL. XLIII. AYINXSBORO, S. C., WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 1, 1886. NO. 5. t ^ ' ^ . ' i nm^^ ^ u i-u'~ j.~":'^Trai?rm-- . jTagca ' - -ru?uuulb^M JACK, THE lil'SiliiAWEi!. B A TBBILLUC bTORV Or THE .VISW TR.\L!A.\ lil sli. The Strange Experience of an Kn.:l;->!s maii Who Went Ist;si:in^ in :i Cotmlry Wliero Mo .Man Con id ('ail 5:;* Lilt: Sale. (Ffoci the Atlanta Coai-titut:oe.) Eeading in your journal an article headed "A Bushranger Interviewed/' says a writer in Chambers', recalls to my memory a strange incident which occurred some years ago to my own brother, when on his way from Sydney to the gold fields, and for the accuracy of whicii I can vouch. A' the- time of Lis arrival in Australia tl'.e country -was in a state of panic; a reign '>f terror existed, caused by the daring outrages committed on parties on the journey to and from the diggjjigsr' Bobbery with yiaieScc," "escorts shot -?desviiy-nhu large consignments of gold earned off, were of daily occurrence. The bush was infested by a gang of desperate bushrangers, whose leader, under the cognomen of "Jack," sc-emcd to bear a charmed life. For years he had evaded all the efforts made to capture him, though the military had scoured the P- bush. >7o sooner v,as an outrage perpetrated than all trace of the perpetrators was lost, as if the ground had swallowed them. He had a perfect knowledge of the most secret movements of the parties he attacked. He seemed ubiquitous, outrages occurring in such rapid succession and so far apart. Such an air of mvstery huns: about him that a super stitious feeling mingled with, the mortal! terror he inspired. He was presented by some persons -who had seen him as a tine, powerful-looking man, with, nothing forbidding in his appearance. Even the mad thirst for gold could not induce the bravest person to undertake the journey alone. The gold-seekers traveled in large cavalcades, well armed, and determined to light for their lives and property; one of these parties my brother joined. He was a handsome young fellow, all fun and love of adventure, and he soon became a general favorite. The "track"?for there were no roads at that time?ran for the greater distance through the brush, some parts ot which were so dense as scarcely to admit daylight. Every man was well armed. My brother had brought with him a *irst class revolver, purchased in i London. This he kept with other vain- j ables carefully hidden on his person, his ; other belongings being stowed away in j one of the wagons. When they | bivouacked for the night, care was taken j that it was an open space, where a good j lookout could be kepi, to maiio sure against a sudden surprise. The wagons | were placed in the middle, sentries posted, and scouts placed so that the flight of a bird or the fall of a leaf could not pass unnoticed. All were on the qui vive. For some days ail went well, nothing unusual or alarm ng occurring, j They were then well into the bush, and i consequently, if more vigiluut, believing that even a mouse could not irtrude itself among them. One morning it was found that during j the night they had been, spite of all their : vigilance, mysteriously and unaccounta- j bly joined by a stranger, who stood in j their midst as if one of themselves. Xo ; one could imagine how or whence lie came, and utter astonishment prevailed. He was a line, portly man. Trom thirty-five to forty years of age, with an open, prepossessing countenance and good address?one who, under other circumstances, would have been an acquisition to the party. Not in the least taken aback or abashed by the scaut welcome he received or the undisguised surprise his presence created, he came forward boldly and told a most plausible story to the effect that he was a stranger making a. his way to the gold fields; that, notwith? standing the stories he had heard in Sydney oi "Jack" and his comrades, he had ventured so far alone, but as he got! farther into the bush he lost heart and | determined to join the first party he met. i It looked strange that he had" no luggage of any kind, not even provisions or anything to indicate that he was bound for a long journey. He made no attempt to account for his mysterious appearance, entered into the arrangements of the cavalcade, and made himself quite at home. Every man among them, with the exception of my brother, believed that no one but "Jack" himself could have taken them by surprise, the general belief being that it could only be from norsonsil experience the terrible bush ranger derived the perfect knowledge lie j displayed when making his raids. 'The party agreed that the* wisest course ! would be to await the progress of events, ; watch his every movement, and let him ! see that they were prepared to soil their ! lives dearly, if driven to do so. The stranger seemed to have an un-: limited supply of money, and to be gen-! erous about it, paying his way freely, j He took at once to my brother, and tne liking was mutual: in diggers' parlance, they became mates, chummed, walked and smoktd together. My brother found biro a well-informed, agreeable compan-; ion, a vast improvement on their rough associates; and he seemed thoroughly to enjoy the society of the jovial young Irish gentleman. A sincere friendship sprung iip between them, notwithstanding the disparity in years. The other members of. the party became very anxious, fearing the" man would take advantage of my brother's unsuspicious, trusting nature to obtain information that would be useful to him when forming his plans for the attack which was hourly expected?in fact looked upon as imminent. Nor were their fears allaved when, after a little, he would leave the beaten track and walk into tlie bush, remaining away for hours, and returning at the most unexpected times and places, showing a thorough knowledge of the bush and all its intricate. cies and short cuts quite inconsistent * with the story he had told on joining. One thing struck my brother as strange, but without exciting any suspicion on his part. When walking together he would suddenly stand, become quite excited, and say: "Oh, it was here such an outrage occurred." ''It was on the spot on which we are standing that the escort was shot down and a large consignment of gold carried oil'. They did fight like demons." He seemed to take the greatest pleasure in giving minute details of tho different outrages as they had occurred, and always spoke as if he had been an eye-witness. Bui c/-w fhnrnnorb irr>s mv hvotlier's belief ill Ms new friend that even this did not shake his faith. When within a few days of the journey's end, the stranger suddenly and quite unexpectedly declared his Intention of parting eorapany. He offered no explanation as to his reason for doing so, though all through he had seemed anxious to impress it on them that he intended to go the entire way to the diggings with them. No questions were asked. After a general and hearty leave-1 taking, which. however, did not inspire much conJidence, as they were still within rant;e of a possible attack. He asked my brother to take a last walk with him, and led the way i:;to the bush further than he Lad ever brought him before, and a Ion:; dhhmce from the beaten track. The -h .t v.urds the stranger said were: don't you carry a revolver?" The answer was: "Yes, and a iirstciass one. Not such as are got out here, i brought it from home." ' Show it to me," said the stranger, "I love a real good weapon;" and without the slightest hesitation my brother handed him the revolver, which he examined carcfuiiy. and saw that the chambers, were loaded. He remarked that it was the "preiik-.'-i weapon"' he had handled for a long time. He waited a few steps in advance, and, turning round suddenly, he presented the revolver at my brother's head, calling out in a commanding tone: ' rftaud!" his countenance so changtd as scarcely to be recognized. ??TKst my brother feit^&St-IiQ stood ! r 4- *.?? * Vvl r-v M/vta" I iUCo \>iiu tuu wriiiuiu uuoiii.u.ii^Lij but did not lose his presence of mind. For a moment there was a, profound silence, iirst broken by the stranger saying: "Is there anything on earth to prevent my blowing out your brains with your own weapon, placed in my hands of your own free will? The wild bush round us, I know its every twist and turn. The man is not living who could track my footsteps through its depths, where I alone am lord and master. Speak, man! What is there to prevent me?" With, a throbbing heart and a quickened pulse my brother answered: "Nothing but your sense of honor." The man's face brightened, and his voice resumed its friendly tone, and handing back the revolver, he said: "We stand now on an equal footing. You hold my life in your hands, as I held vours a moment ago. Yes, boy, and your own fortune too, but I trust you, as you trusted me. I would not hurt a hair of your head, and I have spared others for your sake. How, you will never know; but they owe you a deep debt of gratitude. You are a noblehearted fellow; and through the rest of my stormy life I will look back with pleasure 011 the time we have passed together. But mate, you are the greatest fool I ever met. 1 brought you here to-day to give you a lesson which I hope you will bear in mind. You are going amongst a rough, lawless crew; never, as long as you live, trust any man as you 1 have trusted me to-day. Where you are 1 bound for, your revolver will be your only true friend; never let it out of your own keeping to friend or foe. You are ' far too trusting. There was not a man but yourself among those from whom I have just parted who did not believe ; from the moment I joined them that I was Jack, the bushranger. Well, mate, X am not going to tell you who or what 1 I am, or liow or wiiy 1 came among you; I but of this rest assured, tliat you have '< no truer friend. You will never know ; what I have done for your sake. Now, ' mate, good-bye forever. We will never ! meet again in this world, and it is best < for you it should be so." Then leading ; mm back to the track by which he could . rejoin his party, he wrung my brother's i haul, turned and walked quickly into J the bush, leaving no doubt upon my ] brother's mind that the friend he had so 1 loved and trusted was indeed the dreaded : bushranger. 1 They never did meet again. My 1 brother came home to die; and unless 1 my memory deceives me, Jartk was shot dead in a .skirmish with the military. . x? I om > 1 Boys a Presage of War. The good old ladies are now beginning : to tell us that war is an inevitable fact of j the near future. How do you know? Simply because all, or mostly all, of the , babies bom this year are boys. This is an unfailing presage of war, as every , sensible thinking man ought to know. It is, of course, a very good thing that we are advised of this fact in ample time to trim our sails. Everything will go < up ?that is, even thing eatable and saleable, and we must begin to store away ( and garner up at once. The shoddy < Ciou.mg muiiuxuuturers, luiu me myeuuLous persons who make coffee out of peas 1 and hard-tack out of pine blocks can 2 now go to work at getting ready supplies < for the array. Perhaps there may be a 2 general exodus to Canada when this male 1 surplus in the baby line becomes known, 1 but wo have lost so many prominent citizens to the unfortunate Dominion that we arc grief hardened. I hope that the boy-baby sign doesn't mean a civil war; we have had enough of that. But when the girl babies outnumber the boys it will be plainly understood that another sort of war is surely foretold? the domestic war. This life is one unending strife.?Cleveland Sun. A ."Vrtt Phase of Southern Progress. The industrial growth of the South, that has for several years attracted so much attention, has lately been marked by a decided movement towards the Tt-irlAv nf One cf tlie most noticeable features of this change is the establishment of steel 1 works in that section. At Chattanooga a 2-3-ton steel plant was lately put into operation, and has been running very successfully since. In the same city 3 Bessemer steel rail works, to produce one hundred and fifty tons a day, are ; under construction. A large steel plant has just been finished in "Wheeling; and : now Richmond is to have steel works with a daily capacity of two hundred tons, while Knoxville will probrbly soon follow in the. same line, as the Knoxville 1 Iron Company expect shortly to establish a steel plant. These facts mean that the South is no longer to be engaged in producing the raw material only, for : others to turn into highly finished man- : ufuctured goods. The era of a wide diversification of industrial interests is now opening in the Souths, and the outlook for a solid and substantial develop- ' munt os the South's manufactures grows more promising every day.?Baltimore ilanufacturess' Record. Perfectly Satisfied. A witlow in a town in the interior of this State made lier appearance at the oilicc o: the gas company the other clay aud asked ii' it were time that electric lights were to supersede gas in all the public lamps. When ans wered in the affirmative she continued: "I own gas stock, and I want to know if this move won't reduce dividends?" "3Iost assuredly not, madam," replied the Secretary. "But there will be much less gas consumed." "Exactly; but what has the quantity of gas consumed to do with the gas Dill?" She went away without answering the query, but perfectly satislied.?Wall Street *Xews. "You area regular dude," rudely observed a young man to an expensively dressed stranger in tlie theatre lobby, the other night. "Wrong, my friend," replied the stranger, politely; :,I make dudes. I'm a tailor." A TALK ABOUT CHILDItEYS TliETJJ. By Dr. Thomas J. Calvert, of .Sj>nrtan!?:ir^, South Carolina, a Graduate in Dentistry ai:?! Medicine. It is a fad fact tliat in spite of the numbe rless dentists and doctors, toothache is very largely on the increase. Thousands of teeth are extracted annually, which by a timely care might haw been preserved. Xot one man in ten has perfect teeth;, i.ot one woman in twenty but sutlers from the many bad effects arising from this evil. Unfortunately the strong white teeth ox our grandfather.) cannot be handed down to us as a goodly heritage. The strength and durability of each individual's teeth dep< nd in a lai ge measure on the faithful, persistent efforts of the m thers towards '.hat end. Feeling assured tiiat no appeals made in behalf of the liitle ones will be made in vain, I wish now in as simple a manner as possible to call the attention of interested mothers to a few facts concerning their children's teeth. A small amount of knowledge and a vast amount of per"sGTCfSECe-eii the mother's part will save the litile ones much suffering. In the first place. I will f-peak of the tirn-j of formation. As early as f.t, seventh week of fcetal life, tlie formation of the temporary teeth begins. The growth is carried on through various stages, until at birth the twenty decidous or baby teeth are all in an advanced condition, and the germs of twenty-five of the permanent set are in a state of development. It is therefore very necessary that all expectant mothers live on such diet as will furnish a sufficient quantity of tooth and bone forming material. As lime is one principal element of tooth structure, it is highly important that it be furnished in abundance. Nature, always ready to supply her children's needs, is very generous in her supply of this element, it appearing in milk, eggs, vegetables and fruits, and more especially in the various grains. In the lint white flour, in sugar and butter, which form the diet of so many delicate women, not one particlc of lnne appears. Graham flour, oat meal, cracked wheat and honey, abound in tooth food. A mother should therefore diet herself according to practical common sense rule, and not according to a capricious appetite, remembering always that the health and comfort of another helpless human being is dependent solely on her faithfulness in performing nature's simple requirements. A diet of milk, eggs, fish, oysters, meat, with Graham flour prepared in the many delicious ways, should satisfy any motlier, while such food wili double her own strength, and prove of incalculable benefit to the unborn child. Lime water is very beneficial at such periods; as it iY>liAVP<s fhi* infliwsfcion and heart burn from which so many suffer, at the same time refurnishing tiie much needed lime-salts directly to the system. It can : be easily and cheaply made by putting a ; teacup full of un backed lime in a half gallon of water, . tir thoroughly, and allow it to settle. When this second ; water has become clear, pour it on into bottles, and it is ready for use. A table spoonful in a glass of milk or water cannot be detected by the taste, and it is : rery beneficial to prospective mothers, i Mothers should protect themselves from ; ill skin diseases, such a-j wnallpox, scar- , let fever and measles. During this ; poriod they invariably render the teeth ; L>f the chaid grooved or pitted, thus making them, more liable to decay. For , the same reason children should be protected from such diseases until after the eruption of their teeth. When about five months old the child begins to cut its teeth, as the phrase ^oes. There is no absolute rule as to the time. Usually the lower teeth pre- . 3ede the upper of the same class, and ' generally come in pairs. The order and ' time of eruption may be seen from the ; following table: Two central incisors, No. 1, between 3 : md 8 months. , Two lateral incisors, No. 2, between 7 md 10 months. Two canines, No. 3, between 12 and ' 16 months. First molars, No. 4, between 14 and ; <2U months. Second molars, No. 5, between 20 and 56 months. The child is in possesion of all of its temporary or baby teeth, twenty in number, by the time it is three years Did. I wish just here to impress upon mothers the importance of preserving these baby teeth until the permanent : teeth appear. A child should never be 1 illowed to suffer with toothache. Such ; suffering, in almost every instance, may ; be directly traced to the ignorance or 1 neglect of the mother. In the first place, : strict cleanliness should be observed. ; A.s soon as the little teeth appear they should be washed daily, by wrapping a soft rag around the finger, and rubbing thera very gently up and down. As soon is practicable, use a soft camel's hair ; tooth brush. Immediately on the ap- ; pearance of any decay or spots, a dentist should be consulted and the child's teeth should be placed in his care. Should lie be competent and faithful, not one of the baby teeth would be lost until they Eall out, whole and sound, according to ' nature's method, to make roonl for the Larger permanent teeth. It is not a ilentist's whim nor mere theory that n-iflnv pviU nrr> flip, dirftfit result of "ore- I maturely extracting a child's teeth. Without them a child cannot properly : masticate its food, and thus indigestion, ' with its train of discomfiting evils, is the result. If the nerve is killed, the absorption of the root is arrested, and in- . dammation and gumboils cause the continual annoyance to the child. Often : this dead tooth becomes an obstacle in the way of a new tooth, causing it to come out where it can best find rc viu, thus spoiling the beauty of the child's teeth and face for life. As before stated the permanent teeth are already formed and are quietly waiting in different ; stages of development, at the root of the baby teeth, nature's time for their appearance. Thus it is that the permanent teeth are very dependent on the care of the first teeth. After a child is two and a half years old he should be taken to the dentist twice a year, so that : any incipient decay may be checked by having the teeth filled with some of the many soft materials now so widely used. If the dentist is careful and competent, and the mother firm and watchful, little trouble need be feared from toothache, Ar?ltr /I nvinrr i ll/l lvnf. 1T") after years. A Chinese I'rodanion. It is a curious fact, unkr ~ n to the vast majority of people, that first silk hat was'maue.about fifty years ago; that like so many other articles which are common and of every day use, it was of Chinese origin. The story runs that a French sea captain on "the coast of China, desiring to have his shabby beaver hat replaced by a new one. took it ashore, and as they had not the material, they made him a silk one instead. This, it appears, happened in 1832, and he carried the hat to Paris the same year. Here it was immediately copied, and in a few years became a regular style. RAI?i.\G DEAD DEMOCRATS. What is S-aid of Ihe Living and of the Dead of the i'ariv. (From'the "Water-bury American.) What remarkably good, patriotic men, arc a number of distinguished Democrats now that they are dca.l, and can never again be candidates for the suffrages of tlie American people. There was Seymour?in life a copperhead who truckled to mobs; and in death one of the kindest-hearted of gentlemen, with a character above reproach, -whose fame is heritage New York should ever cherish. There was Hancock?in life "a good man weighing 200 pounds," the tool of designing politicians; in death a brave, gallant soldier, without fear and without reproach, honored and respected by all who knew him. And there above ail was Tilden?in life "old usufruct," the "sage of Cypher alley,"'whose name was a synonym for low, disreputable cunning in orthodox Republican political circles, "who stole the livery of the JPOTirt Of JJciVGH'tC serve the devil mf" in death a patriot who, in whatever he did, acted only and purely from an intense love of country, never a selfseeker, and whose final deed in leaving the bulk of his great fortune for the benefit of the people was but the crowning act of a career of disinterested patriotism. We can see the historian of the future, as he compares what was said of -the great leader, living, by his political opponents, with what they said of him dead, moralizing for the benefit of generations yet unborn on the shortsighted habit of lying, so soon to be conr\nnf liic /"vwn We can even sec the future historian sitting down to review the first year and a half of Grovcr Cleveland's administration. Beside him will be a great mass of clippings from Republican papers, containing editorials on him while he was yet in power. Tbey will discant on the size of his neck and any little personal habit that may be turned into ridicule. Ti.ey will speak of his hypocritical desire to appear to carry out his pledges to the civil service reformers, while in reality he was prostituting the public service to earn- out the designs of a Cicsar's ambition for a second term. They will show the imbecility which has characterized his State papers, and the blunders lie has been guilty of in trying to pass himself off as a party leader, etc., etc. Then the historian will turn to these same papers?we hope many years in the undiscovered future?for editorial comments on Cleveland's death. He will iind this same period of his administration characterized as one in which an earnest effort was made to serve the public faithfully. All through it will be noted the conduct of affairs was treated with unostentatious business common sense. Honest money was upheld and national credit strengthened; our rights . abroad were maintained without bluster; of lv?r 1\<r- ermrir; Liiv; :>jyvJL.iOi-u.ojj, avj/v cvu *'J efforts and the tone of the public sen-ice raised; appointments to office were on the wliole exceptionally good. All that lias thus fax been hinted at was , well said the other day by the poet laureate of the Republican party?John Grreenleaf Whittier. Coming forth from liis retirement to lay a tribute on the , grave of Samuel J. Tilden, who was of all the Democratic leaders of our day the most bitterly and unjustly maligned by the Republican press, Air. Whittier : closes with these words: "Then let us vow above his bier To set our feet on party lies, And wound no more a living ear With words that death denies." Will not those words of one who has : cievcr faltered in devotion to any great 1 cause or in support of the Republican party with which he has been identified from his birth, strike a responsive chord : in many hearts'? There is little gained : by indiscriminate abuse of the living. ' Ihe public discounts it and makes up its 1 own mind about its truth or falsity. It ' accomplishes no good party end except ; to keep alive feelings of intense partisan- < ship in breasts where in any case they j would never die out. Why not, then, be fair in criticising the living? When must our criticism be followed by eulogy at the bier? ^^1 * ? Frojit in Mulsinimier. j It seems to be quite settled that 18S6 shall be marked all throughout by ex- , septional outbursts of cold temperature. , It began with, a remarkable and pro- , longed fall of the thermometer which affected every part of the British Islands. ; It has continued month after month be- : low the mean for the season, and already , there have appeared premonitory symptoms of the coming -winter in the form of a severe frost in the north of ScotLand. This frost is not only rare, it is absolutely without a parallel in the month of July. There does not appear to be a single instance of the thermometer being noted below the freezing point in any part of Scotland in July previous to this year. In the carefully kept registers of temperature at Culloden, which extend over the greater part of this century, the lowest point touched by the , thermometer in July was 39 degrees, on . the 15th of July, 1875. But, in 1SSG, at the sea level at Wick, on the 20th of : July the thermometer touched 30 de grees, and inland throughout the county ; of Caithness even lower readings are reported. This fall of the thermometer in the North of Scotland is evidently con- ' nected with a general and most remarka- : ble cold wave, which includes within its ; sweep every part of the British Islands. In London tie thermometer only touched the average maximum temperature , for July on three days between July 10 ' and 30, the three days being the 19th, 21st and 22d, and on the 28th the maxi- , miiin recorded was only oi degrees, tne ; lowest maximum for any day in July in tlie course of several years.?Pall iMall , Gazette. Hancock's Meeting With Mi*.s I'eyson. Miss Emily Peyton is a remarkable woman. Her loyalty to persons and attachment to places are notable. I recall her struggle to keep Peytonia, the home of her father, from passing into other hands. She even appealed to the turfmen of the co an try, getting a liberal : home start, and although her friends really felt that she should cease from its care and the responsibilities, they were very reluctant to stop short of its redemption. It was my fortune once to introduce her to General Hancock at "Washington city, I simply said: "This is a daughter oi Bailc-v Peyton, Gener ?- -V ,, y al!" Taking her cordially by tiie liana, he said: "Years and years ago I met a beautiful Miss Peyton, of Tennessee/' and as he began to describe her appearance, with a degree of embarrassment she interrupted him, saying; ''General, I presume you refer to Miss Peyton, of Virginia," but he quickly replied: ''No. It was the daughter of my old friend, the Hon. Bailey Peyton, of Tennessee!'' She was the only daughter, so the distinguished officer ana man who was the South's choice for the Presidency remembered Miss Peyton after she had forgotten him.?Nashville American, MAK5\G OLEOMARGr\ni?.E. How the Stuff i? Concocted and What Some or the Prollt.s Are. (From the Philadelphia Tim??.) A Times reporter yesterday penetrated tlie mysteries of a margery factory and what he learned of the process is told here. The principal incredient used in the manufacture of the oil is beef's fat. of the best quality, the manufacturers say. The fat is bought by the load, wheeled into the wash-house in a hand car, dumped into tanks of ice-water, where it is allowed to soak. It is then fired into a trough, through which it is shot into a liasner, which grinds it into a marrow or^ulp, which is forced into a kettle containing a steam jacket and dordiln hnttnm. tiirnn.<rh which hot, water is continually run. After the pulp lias been melted and boiled in tiie kettle for a number of hours it is run oil into another large kettle, in which it is again bousd, after which it is run off into a numbsr-oi sir ill kettles^where^ig *ssbr "jected to another boiling aha mixed with the chemicals used in the production of the-oiL After it has been thoroughly mixed and boiled in the small kettles it is run off into a large square tub, where it is allowed to cool. It is then run through a cleaning machine, during which process the sterine is pressed out of the oil. The sterine comes out in thin cakes and closely resembles tallow. It is sold by the oleomargarine manufacturers to lard manufacturers, who useit to brace up their lard in warm weather. After the sterine has been extracted j the oil is in proper shape for salting. It is then placed in a heating room, in which the temperature is from 90 to 1U0 degrees, where it is allowed to stand for five days. < TO HAKE IT LOOK LIKE GBASS BUTTEK. Chemicals are used to heighten the bright golden color of the oil, annatto ; being the principal chemical used for 1 that purpose. After the Oil has been ( subjected to the heating process it is ' ready for the churn. The churn is ran ! by steam and is a large tank with a spfgot at one end, through which the ( oleomargarine runs after it has been sufficiently churned. One hundred and ' sixty quarts of milk are used in each 1 churn, which, when mixed with the oil, ] will produce 1,500 pounds of butterine. 1 After the oil and milk have been ' sufficiently churned it is run through the f spigot into a large square tub, where it 1 lies in a liquid state until it is congealed ' r*/>Tr/"?/! i aa ff no KSJ >TltU X\*\+. JLU AO then shoveled out of the tub on to a * long table, against the wall, where it is { liberally salted and allowed to lie until J the salt is absorbed. It is then made up 1 into pounds and stamped, wrapped in * covers and boxed up for sale. The ? factor}- is kept quite clean, considering c the character of the work performed, ' and the process of manufacturing the 1 liner grades of butterine is not particu- 1 larly offensive, as comparatively good ? material is used. But the manufacture of tallow from the commoner fat is at- ; tended by a disagreeable odor, which is \ sickening. 1 A HAXUFACTCKEIi's CLAIM. ] The proprietor of the establishment 1 says that <j?oruargarine is a great deal ? better and healthier than common butter and that he uses ic on his table alto- c gether. Before it is thoroughly salted 1 it has an oily, greasy teste, and the sight ; of it piled upon the tables, absorbing * whatever particles of dust may be Uoat- * ing around, is not inspiring and im- presses one strongly in favor of the com- * mon butter. According to the new law, c oleomargarine manufacturers will in the i ^ future be compelled to pay a tax of two 1 cents on each pound manufactured. s stamp their goods oleomargarine or but- c terine and discontinue the use oi: annatlo 1 for coloring purposes. They think it * rather hard that the law should treat 1 them so harshly, merely to please the c dairymen. They claim that the farmers * use annatto to color their best butter 1 and that they frequently purchase the } oleo oil to mix with their commoner 1 grades. 1 Cremation* at Pere La Chaise. 1 Next month the Parisians will be able c to bum their dead in lour crematory i furnaces, which have just been finished * it Pere La Chaise. These furnaces were t begun last November, and have been j hurried on to completion, so that by the t end of August at latest those who in t dying express the wish to be cremated t can be there reduced to ashes. There will be first, second and third class ere- c mations. Poor and rich will be on a footing of absolute equality. The price i charged to those who can afford for the " burning of a corpse will be 15f.?or, say, h 12s. The furnaces were constructed on 1 plans by MM. Barrett and Formice. A a large portico is in front of a dome, be- r neath which are placed the crematory fur- a naces. They have the appearance of very s elegant ovens. Three hundred and fifty r thousand francs was the price they cost. \ Ihey are, according to the Corini system, Ln use in Kome and Milan. It was found s that the heat of the Siemens furnace was 1 too intense. Instead of reducing the J corpse to ashes it subjected it to ' i kind of vitrification. The cost, too, I would be 200f., instead lof., to ere- i mate with a Siemens furnace. The j unclaimed bodies at the hospitals which a are not used for anatomical purposes t will be taken to tlie crematory at Pere a La Chaise. Sculptors, goldsmiths and \ bronze castcrs are already busy design- i ing urns... of which an assortment in i marble, bronze, gold, silver, zinc or load j will be kept at an office of the cremato- l ry. The relatives of the cremated dead c cln buy liiese vessels, and causc them to i be removed to family vaults, or to a c building which the city of Paris is to erect. There could be no greater boon to ] a large city with overcrowded cemeteries than the farnaces of Pere La Chaise. I ? cannot conceive anything more disre- j spectful to the dead than the way their t remains are treated here, even when a t first-class burial can be provided, if there 1 is not a family vault in which to place r them. Buying a grave is no simple mat- y ter. The delays are endless, and the ap- j plication for one must go through many bureaus before official consent is given. Then there are other formalities to be "c mnn tlim-nrm "\rpjmwhile the corij.sc is in a charnel house, called a provisional ( vault, at a cost of If. a day. The re- { moval tlience to tlie grave, "which raust be in masonry at the sides, is a cause of j danger to the public health.?Paris I>is- j patch to the Londun Daily News. j A Sinrulisr Coincidence. Said a gentleman to me yesterday: "I < was "walking on Tenth street, near the 1 capitol building, this afternoon when I 1 met a bright-faced colored man. His < eyes were remarkably clear, and some- 1 thing in their sloe-biack depths made me : I ll 111 ft WJLUlb il SUli^lLiUl tit UiUU w Wi ? j darkey would be. Tliea i wondered ii' ; sucli a phenomenon could exist, and, : strange to say, while I thinking about it, I passed another negro, one of whose ] eyes, through some trouble or other, had 1 become a genuine blue. It certainly was : a most sinSular coiudenee, take it aU < around,"?St. Paul Pioneer Press. : VIEWS OF SOUTHERN MEN. > OF OPJ\tO\ REGARDIXG "i Hi: AD.MLMsTRATiOX. JIovv (he 5Jn*.f Been Dnjied by >he ReI>u!)!:ca:i :s.?!i!!eio!:M?Discussing lite Evests of the Day ct a Famous Resort. (Letter to the New York Star.) White Sulphur Springs, W. Ya., August 27.?In ante-bellum clays tlie negro in the South bore the same relation to financial questions of the planter as do to-day the bonds and stocks of the Northern man. In those days the planter hypothecated his slaves ^vith the oanser cr couon lacior, us me ca.sc might be, for ready money advanced. It is tine tliat the crop returns usually paid tlic_loan, and &g_ collateral was rarely sold. When peace was declared, that system was forever dead; but the uneducated blacks were slow to realize the fact, and the memories of those old days lingered fresh and painful for many years. The carpet-baggers who overran the South with all the destructiveness of seven-year locusts, wore quick to note the negroes' fears, and equally quick to impose upon them. Mahone and his ilk did not hesitate to have the colored preachers threaten the members of their respective churches with excommunication if they dared vote the Democratic ticket. During the last Presidential campaign the negroes were told, and actually believed, that the election of a Democratic President meant their immediate return to bondage, the separation of families, confiscation of their property .md deprivation and destruction of all that a man, be he black or white, holds . :lear. I>y this rank imposition on their . jredulity the Ik-publicans were enabled : to poll nearly the full negro vote. . President Cleveland, by his manly . iourse, has done much to kill sectional- J jsm, engender kin :ly feelings between < Snntlic-rTi Democrats and theneerroes , ui'.l weaken the power of the Republican j party. The Southern negro is a close mcl shrewd observer. To quote the lan- juage of Sir. Valentine, the Virginia j sculptor, t;hc is constantly watching the j ,vhite man as though to leam his : ihoughts." j To-night the Star correspondent had1 ( m interesting conversation with Walker ^ Lewis, the head waiter at the Springs. ^ tfe came to the Springs in June, 1839, r vith Governor Floyd. He was a slave < hen, owned by Judge Nicolls, of Vir- I jinia. Since that time he has spent j ivery summer here, and his winters have ] ieen passed in "Washington and Balti- ] nore. Lewis is a shrewd, keen observer , md an unusually intelligent negro. In j peaking of President Cleveland, he said: ] "Mr. Cleveland is greatly admired by , he Southern negroes, and by his ^ nethodshas dene much to turn them ? rom the Republicans. His appoint- j nent of Matthews in place of Fred 2 Douglass and his. refusal to withdraw the < lomination, although he has not been ; :oniirmed, has especially pleased us. I Chen, too, lie lias acted liberally, and ? jiven men offices when they had no s ight to expect them, and has not disturb- \ ;d capable men hi office singly because ? ihey were Republicans. The appoint- J nent of Postmaster Pearson, of New ? fork, is a)i instance. It is undoubtedly ^ rue that at the time of his election many )f the colored people believed they-? vould be returned to slavery, but they : low recognize thai the statement was x limply a liepu oilcan no, ana it nas ais- j justed tlicm. Mr. Cleveland is almost ^ iniversally liked, and liis couise since i aking his seat has been such as to win j nany colored voters to him. My race <. loos not say very ranch, but we have ^ requent secret meetings and discuss the < jolitical question, and 1 know he is pop- ^ ilar with the colored people. With the j ncrease of education we are becoming ^ norc independent, and the time is not e ar distant when we will vote as we think f >est, independent of party. We are z vaking up to the fact that the Demo- ^ :rats are not mortal enemies, but that it s as much to their interests as ours that ^ ve should receive education and vote in- j. elligently. In Richmond the Democrats Q )ay as much attention to our schools as ^ o the white schools, and equal advanages arc being afforded our children to c >btain education." c "How is General Lee regarded by the z :o!ored people?" j. ' fie is very popular, and if he should c eceive the Democratic nomination for f 'ice-President in 1S*8 he would greatly trengthen the ticket. In fact, Cleve- ? and and Lee would sweep the South, ^ ind I have no doubt that alt. .Lee wou:ci j t an well in the North and West. He is c , thorough gentleman and finished r cholar, and a man of immense personal uagnctism. I know the colored people r voukl be glad to have him nominated." r In sijeaking of the feeling of the 3Iis- z issippi negro toward President Cleve- x and, State Senator J. B. I3oothe, of ^ Tackson, said to the Star correspondent: ^ 'it is undoubtedly true that in my State ? President Cleveland will receive many icgro votes if renominated without any >ersuasion thereto. He is very popular .nd the administiation is most heartily indorsed. Of course there are some few vho believe in the doctrine that to the c ictor belong the spoils, but they are 2 aostly disappointed ollice-seekers. The * nteliigent .Democrats approve of his ? )oliey as to Federal olHces, and his re- 1 usal to turn competent Republican 1 illicials out merely because they are Ee- * mbiicans has been the mef ns of winning 1 >ver many colored votes." s "Hov.-is the tariff question viewed in c l.Iississippi?" 1 iiTi. < .. ... -ic rariidlr ^ "J-ilC AxCU UUUU itViAiig J-J ??J trowing, and many of our wealthiest 1 uerchants favor the abolition of the 1 ariii' fur reve.uie only, and the substitu- (ion of direct taxation. The view taken c s be:-: expressed in zhe language of a * jentleiuan with whom I was conversing J . short time ago. He said he had c nought a siiii drei-i for his wife at $1 a ? -ard, and the duty ou it was over $2 per . -ard. A direct income tax would meet c mr views." "Have you heard any expression of >pinion as to the second place on the icket in 1883?" ' The South would undoubtedly like to lave either Secretary Lamr.r or General 1 Lee nominated. The latter gentleman is < probably the more popular, and would 1 jam* more weight with the negroes, k \Vhiie we should like representation on 1 ;he ticket, hov.wer. tlie South has a c 3 - ? jreater iiitvivst in obliterating every > oeling of sectionalism, and to that end s .vould prolyl 'y uut urge representation 6 :>n the ticket as strongly as it otherwise ( .vould. The one sjeat desire of the South. collectively aiid individually, is to 3 nave Northern niv.-n recognize that we 1 tre American citizen?, anil have as great in interest in the preservation of the I"nion as tiiey have. For many years we have been niost unjustly represented as 3 barbarians, ready to stab the Northern man in the back. For the feeling thereby engendered in tlie North we have not < and do not blame Northern people, for j f wc recognized that they formulated their J ideas from the maliciously false statements made with a purpose by Northern Republican papers. "\Ve have remained quiet, believing that with the increase of commercial relations and the mingling of Northern and Southern men this would be corrected. This has, in a large measure, come to pass, and the presentation of Southern questions in a fair, unbiased manner by the Star will materially aid us. Heretofore we have not had a "New York paper that we could place faith in and look to for just treatment. All that we ask is that when we are right we be defended, and when wrong rebuked. The World, while, read in the South, is not generally liked, becausc of its sensafinrml and nnplpnn stvlfi imrl tllft fiharac ter of its editor. The Herald is regarded as a weather vane, ready to point in any direction. The Star is liked for its cleanliness and bright, fearless discussion of vital public questions." ?THE \>T{Q\AL GHIDIRO.V. Points of Interest Regarding the American Flag. (From the Virginia (Nev.) Er-tc-rpriSeJ In response to a communication of inquiry we give the following, compiled from the most authoritative and reliable sources. In the beginning of the Revolution a variety of flags were displayed in the revoted colonies. After the battle of Lexington the Connecticut troops displayed on their standards the arms of the colony with the motto: Qui transtulit sustinet; and later, by act of the Provincial Congress, the regiments were distinguished by the various colors of their flags. It is uncertain what flag, if any, was used by the Americans at the battle of Bunker Hill. The first armed vessels commissioned by "Washington sailed under the flag adopted by the Provincial Congress of Massachusetts as the one to be borne on the flag of the cruisers of that colony?"a white flag with a green pine tree." The first Republican flag unfurled in the Southern States?blue, with a white crescent in' the upper corner next to the staff?was designed by Col. William Moultrie, of Charleston, 3. C.. at the reanest of the committee of safety, and was hoisted on the fortifications of that city in September, 1775. The official origin of the "grand Union" flag is involved in obscurity. At :he time of its adoption at Cambridge :he colonies still acknowledged the legal rights of thv, mother country, and therefore retained the blended crosses of St. aeorge and St. Andrew, changing only ;lie field of the old ensign for the thir;een stripes emblematic of their union, rhe color of the stripes may have been suggested by the red flag of the army, ind the -white flag of the navy, previousy in use. Congress resolved, on June L4, 1777, "that the flag of the thirteen United States be thirteen stars, white in i blue field, representing a new constelation." This is the first recorded legisative action for the adoption of a nation d flag. The thirteen stars were arrang;d in a circle, although no form was piejciibed officially. The flag thus adopted | remained unchanged till 179*, when, on notion of Senator Bradley, of New fork, it was resolved that from and after Vlay 1, 1795, "the flag of the United States be fifteen stripes, alternate red ind white, that the union be fifteen stars, white in a blue field." This was he liag used in the war of 1812-14 The ict made no provisions for future alteraions, and none were made until 1818, ilthough several new States had meanvhile been admitted into the Union. , In 1816, on the admission of Indiana, ( i committee was appointed "to inquire nto the expediency of altering the flag." ^ bill was reported oil January 2, 1S18, nit -was not acted on, which embodied he suggestions of Captain Samuel C. 3eid, a distinguished naval officer, who ecommended the reduction of the itripes to the original thirteen, and the , idoption of stars equal to the number of states, formed into one large star, and a , lew star to be added on the Fourth of ( Tuly next succeeding the admission of :ach new State. On April 4,1S18, a bill mbodying these suggestions, with the ;xception of that designating the manler of arranging the stars, was approved >y the President, and on the 13th of the ame month the flag thus established fas hoisted over the hall of Eepresenta- j ives at Washington, although its legal < sxistence did not begin until the followng Fourth of July. In 1S59, when Congress passed a vote ; >f thanks to Captain iieid, the designer ! >f the flag, it was suggested that the 1 node of arrangement of the stars should ! )e prescribed by law, but the mattei- was 1 >verlooked. The stars in the unions of j lags used in the war department of the < jovernment are generally arranged in ] >ne large star; in the navy flags they are 1 nvariably set in parallel lines. The blue j liiion 01 siars, wnen usea separately, is j ailed tlie union jack. The United States 1 evenue flag, adopted in 1799, consists < >f 16 perpendicular stripes, alternately ed and Wiiite, tlie union -white, with the lational arms in dark blue. The union Lsed separately constitutes the revenue urion. The American yacht flag is like i he national flag with the exception of : he union, which is a white foul anchor ' n a circle of 13 stars, in a blue field. The Largest Railroad in Europe. There is only one European railway 1 :ompany with a mileage anywhere near ; s great as the longest of ours, namely, ; he Paris, Lvoms and Mediterranean, vith 4,783 miles; but it has larger earn- j ngs than any American system worked inder a single management. The largest 1 :arnings per mile in France are the ' sorthem (two thousand one hundred 1 ixty miles). These great systems, like iurs, include some lines with an imnancalr "h^ov-rr onrl nt.li ore until UV^lAiJVlJ 1 J UUV* " * W.4-*. rith very light business, usually em- , >racing all tlie lines in a given district, : aany of which the companies were re- i [tired to build, as one of the conditions ; >f their charters. The French-Algerian I oads make a very poor showing indeed. ; Che French State railroads, including : >ne thousand four hundred and twenty tiles of exceptionally unproductive ! Lties, earned three thousand two hun- ; bred and eighty-one dollars per rtile last ! ear.?American Railroad Journal. In a Dank. A gentleman greatly interested in colecting statistics of crimes and criminals, >nce visited a penitentiary for the pur)ose of questioning the convicts with regard to their occupations before entering lpon a career of crime. This was rather lifficult to effect, owing to the rigid enorcement of the rule forbidding conversion with the prisoners. He did, how - :ver, manage to put a question or two to me low browed convict. "What was tout occupation "before rou came here? -whispered the statistics nan. "I was il l bank," was the reply. "Did von take a clerkship?" ~ "No, I took a jimmy."?Texas Siftngs. Si Robinson, a negro desperado, murlered Richard Wlialey in Port Royal with axe, Tuesday, without any provocation. A QUEER FREAK OF .NATURE. A Xegro With Two Hearts and Two Sets of Ribs. A negro, apparently fifty years of age and weighing about two hundred pounds, walked into the Boston Globe office. He said that Ixis name was King George, and explained liis business by making the following remarkable statement: "I'se got two hearts, two sets of ribs, and ran my heart and pulse to suit myself." He claimed that he was 316 years old and played in Worcester about the time of the landing of the Pilgrims. King George really is 43 years old. He has an immense muscular development, and possesses physical peculiarities that are proving a puzzle to some of the most celebrated of Boston's physicians. He accompanied the writer to the residence of Dr. J. J. Smith, of the Massachusetts General Hospital. As soon as the negro had stripped, his body assumed strange proportions. Below his natural ribs there appeared another set of ribs, extending to the pelvis,' as immovable as i^33g^ove. He then asked the doctor to over his heart, and J said: "Xow f il "ir~i"in j_i^_ This was done, and a dear but more rapid pulsation was found there than on the left side. His abdomen underwent strange contortions, and the heart on the left side apparently disappeared from its regular place, and moved down to a point just above his left groin, where the pulsations could be pi airily felt. TVhen the heart had gone back to its natural position again, the negro placed his hands on his breast, stopped the beating of this heart entirely, and apparently suspended animation for nearly a minute, Dr. Smith said: "This is the most remarkable case I ever saw. I am convinced that he has the power to suspend animation. He did it twice and I could not detect the slightest movement of the heart or pulse. "When he professed to move his heart I placed the stethoscope against his groin and perceived the presence of an organ that resembled the heart fully. It was the only pulsation to be found on that side of the body. It would seem as if me man nad 110 diaphragm. Jbrom what point is developed his second set of ribs I cannot determine." Toltacco in France. Some interesting particulars are published by M. Paul Leroy-Beaulieu in the Economist Francais with regard to the manufacture and consumption of tobacco in France. He quotes official figures, which show that while the quantity of tobacco grown in France itself was about 19,200 tons in 1850, it has been gradually increasing until it is now nearly double that quantity, while the . revenue which the State derives from it has increased from ?3,550,000 to nearly ?13,000,000. in other words, while the quantity of tobacco grown has only doubled, the profits of the State, or, in other words, of tbe manufacturers, have nearly quadrupled. The great increase in profit is explained by M. Paul Leroy-Beaulieu upon the ground that the expense of manufacturing an additional quantity of tobacco is not any tiling like that of the first establishment of plant-1 mT Ilie cultivation and bacco lias been a governi^H since 1674, and, with tneexcepuo-^oR^^^^^^^* brief interval during the Revolution, has remained so ever since. In this connection, M. Paul Leroy-Beaulieu gives the following figures, shoeing the quantity of tobacco consumed in the different countries of Europe, and the rate per 100 inhabitants is, according to him, as follows: Spain, 110 pounds; Italy, 128 pounds; Great Britain, 138 pounds; Russia, 182 pounds; Hungary, 207 pounds; Denmark, 224 pounds; Norway, 229 pounds; Austria, 273 pounds; Germany, 33G pounds; Holland, 448 pounds; and Belgium, 560 pounds. In other words, while in Spain little more than one pound per head is consumed, nearly iouble that quantity is consumed in France, three times as'much in Germany, tour times as much in Holland, and five times as much in Belgium. Punishment* in Old Times. The following brief record is reprinted from the Hartford, Conn., Courant, unler date of September 7, 1761: Habifoed, September 7. Last week David Campbell and Alexander Pettigrew were indicted before the Superior Court, sitting in this town, for breaking open and robbing the house of Mr. Abie! Abbot, of Windsor, of two watches, to which indictment they both plead guilty, and were sentenced each of them to receive ti een stripes, to [iave their right ears _at off, and to be branded with a capital letter B on their foreheads; which punishment was inflicted on them last Friday. Pettigrew bled so much from the amputation of his sar that his life was in danger. Thread from Milk Weed, American inquisitiveness and ingenuity united havo produced thread made from the blossom of the common milk l?OC /?r?"n oyi/3 tenacity of imported flax or linen thread, md is produced at a much less cost. The fibre is long, easily carded, and may be readily adapted to spinning upon an ordinary flax spinner. It has the smoothness and lustre of silk, rendsring it valuable for sewing machine use. The sveed is common throughout this country, but grows profusely at the South. 1'iie material costs nothing for cultivation, and the gathering is as cheaply lone as that of cotton.?Dry Goods Chronicle. Railroad Accident. About 4 o'clock Tuesday afternoon a construction train on the Asheville and Spartanburg railroad got away near tlie Lop of the mountain grade between Saluda md Try on. With vacuum brakes on the train rushed down the mountain at a frightful rate of speed. Whirling around the sharp eurves, the convicts on the flat cars were scattered in every direction. A white overseer and five negro convicts were instantly killed. One of the guards and thirteen convicts were seriously injured. The train stopped at the foot of the grade, having run five miles, neither engine or cars leaving the track. Mefon Iliad Preserves. Do you know you can preserve watermelon rind without cooking? Try it. Cut the: red or ripe pulp with a sharp knife and pare oil the outer circle or skin. Cut the pieces to the size and shape you wish and pack in sugar, using good glass or earthen jar* with covers. Put in a layer of rind uad cover with a layer o? sugar, and so on until the jar is fail, covering" th-,- top layer with a still thicker coating of sugar. The water in the rind will melt the sugar and form a thick syrup, which must cover all the rind. In a few weeks it will be ready for use, and is thought by some to be delicious. The red pulp, when not too ripe, may oe oeautinmy curved ana preserved In the same way, its red or cream color adding largely to its popularity at the table. Charley White, colored, of Greenville, was killed on Wednesday by falling from a trestle near Seneca while working cn the Air Line road.