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VOL. XLII. WINNSBORO. S. C., WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 16, 1885. NO. 20. ? ? ' - ???????^u??^^n???wigc- ??B?> MistaVe:i Identity. You rrL ; t : s tw'I ::c'^nowie<Jge St. Vou Kiss< (1 him <-n *.!.' s y. 1 hew! t! ? - fcr I was :nosv unfortu:>::t by. The blush' ^ u?>v commence to chace Each < --u vour cii'-ok. O. !!' vr 3 ;int!ei>taiid, you have no !!' < tl t<> >pi-:ik. Vou ho.d yr.ur !;;:i n- in nervous c'asp. You're ai!-_ ry. 1 .--wppose. That fortnsie v. :;s s-> tic!:.e then your secret t ' f!o.?? . \1 *,!? 1?. ? ?..? nloc' Y< ?r o' y< sf'tday. I ciar<- i;?it read thos?<;" words again, 'twould ?<:r; s:jv si-iis'- awav. II<,\v c y ii !>: :orret:u!, dear, and suffer thas carets? And in ni?-in?I turn the tide of all our happiii?.vs. O. do no . v.cep. It breaks my heart 'io say v.< f.'s: and yet I'd wiJiingiy bo b.i: d a^ain if I could bnt forTLe <Wv }s shaken from the Cower touched I>7 r:: ::1 hand. Ah. love! llv "< si.ut wrings my heart you i uiitl(-rs:?ind. Ha! h' jv i:econies?l'an-v?oil, my love. Nay, '' > not licit] me buck? What! c;n it L -? Forgive me, dear; ^Vliy, ii's you;- o\v?: Imit'r-r Jack! ? CALLED 15ACK. i ttvo \vook> i ii ul been inacrcolc co? Fifty dollars a month I was c/":-:vd f( r n;y services, and as I had no; :ii) acquaintance i:i tiic country I p.?.!y accosted. Til at would bring .wod. c.othinir. and shelter? more tii:ssi I had i een able to obtain in dear anee. My two pupils, M. Rabat as-?mv i me. were weil-behavcd children. Ti<?- j;!i l v.":;s jusi 15. already a young imJ \. :imi llio 10-year boy was equally a;.; ;d study. Alter ail, I was only requir-.J to jriw live hours a day to tuneiiiiiir. 'J he rest oi my time was al to^uiacr n?y mv:i, t<> ui; ?scvoteu eitner to woik or s'.ivp as I pleased. It \v.u?s :i threatening day fu April? w? lt i ivni'-miior it?when I started ou: to walk so lit.- jrrc.tt liott.se where I was t<? m my bread. As I walked on I brg.m lo dream. What future did this new land hold in reserve for me? 1 had not conic to it with any idea of ^ making: a fortune?although a young llfo- ni;a: oi i'o. i isad acquired enough co:uWf luou >s'n.<u lo s:.ve me from such illus??f ions?but oaiy to earn a good living rami iay up er:?.?itri? to enabie me, when an old man. to return to France and sleep at ia=t under liiu shadow of my invii village spire. i> >un I caught sight of the lofty ci:i:i;ni-y of the sugar mill ?then tiie house itself, buried in a thick grove of mango trees, and, as I feared being .ate, i quickened my step. Under the Veranda, aiready crowded, I >aw people rushing back and forward ?running, and no one noticed me as i n.-cvuiied liie front steps except a big, fat i;egress, crouching at the entrance, who soobed and cried with renewed despair at n;v e..minir. There on the sofa, at fiiii k-u^lh, lay a young girl? almost a child. Her iong, bright hair, aii streaming with water, fell over the back of the soi'a. and had dripped upon the veranda until a little pool had formed upon the Hags. She was whiter thau a piece of marble; the violets of death were on her compressed lips; her lifeless arms lay rigidly straight by her side; and }J. Kabut, on his knees beside her, was kissing one of her hands. "Drowned, my dear sir, she got drowned," said a good o]d_ lady_ of__ ^ aboiu Gu years of age, wEo came to me holding oat her hand in the friendliest manner imaginable. "But you have walked here," sue continued; "you must be tired. Oi course you will take something: Mvrtil!" "Mamma! Oh. mamma!" exelaimv ed M. R-ibut. raising his head. "You see," he said to me, with a sob, "you see she was out bathing; the river suddenly rose, and " Hisliead full forward again over the little white hand to which his lips clung. "Myrlil! Myrtil!" again cried the good lady, "bring a glass of Madeira to the gentleman. Or perhaps you would preier something else?" i questioned the iamily. The girl had not been twenty minutes under water. And yet tiiry had done nothing?had not even tried to do anything. I gave my or-lers. briefly?they were obeyed. Halt an hour passed. What! was not that a U:;*h we saw mounting to the colorless cheeks. Oh, how fervent a prayer lie uttered that moment to the <rood God! And it seemed to me the arm I held had become less frigid. At that moment a horseman came up at full gaiiop. "Myrtil! ilyrtil! take the doctor's horse to the stable!" cried the good lady, descending the steps to meet the physician. "Ah, doctor. I knew it! Your powder could not do me any good. The whole night, doctor, I was ^?is-pain. Ah! how badly I slept!" ^ The doctor came directly to us. "Good! young man!?very good, indeed! That is just what should have A been done." / "Come, come!" he cried in a joyous / tone, after a few* moments had passed. "We are all right now?we shall get off with nothing worse than a fright! "Why, you old coward, have I not already told you so? Here! let me see a happier face on you?" And he gave M. Rabut a vigorous slap on" the shoulder. Tnen, suddenly turning to me, he asked: "But you?where are you from? I don'i remember ever seeing vou here before." "i came from Brittany, doctor, by way of Paris and Purt Louis." "Look!?look!"he had already turned his back upon me?"she is opening her eyes!" M. Kabut involuntarily seized my hand, and dragged me to the sofa. Sae opened ''her eyes. They were blue?the eyes 1 always liked best "Heleue! my ownllelene!" murmured the poor father, stoopiug to kiss her forehoad. "Gentle! yon!" exclaimed the doctor, pulling him back. "Lot her have air. if you please?" M. Rabat drew back, without letting - go my hand. Myrtii returned from the stable. 'Myrtii! My nil!?well, how about that breakfast? Is it going to be ready to-day or JLo-morrow?' Ma foil I'm ready for it!" cried the doctor. That gallop gave me a ferocious appetite." Why, Myrtii! serve the Madeira to those gentlemen!7' This '.hue Myrtii obeyed. It was -i ia tue afternoon when I left my paviiiou to return to the house. M. R.ibut came t<> iooii for me oa the veranda. "Come," he said, "you can see her now." VIj? l\rnti"!)f mr? r?!r??r? fn lir?r hci} Hpr dear blue eyes stiil h:ul dark circles about them; bat the blood was circulating under the clear skin, for sue blusi.eu at my approach. "This is iu*. my llelene; if it hadn't beeu for him"?aiui his voice choked. Don't fret any more, papa. I am only sony aumti my iockct. Do you tiiiiik thev wi.l ever ue able to lind it?" The locket contained, her mother's hair. ' it was barely daylight when I reached the river. The negro who had taken her out of the water had shown ine the evening before the precise spot where the current had carried her away. and also the place where he had found hor ?about lilty yards further down. it. was a sxcat narrow basin, shut in by great jamroses, whose tufted branches met above and stretched from one bank to the other. The pale light, flickering through the leaves, made gleams here and there upon the water like the reflection of molten lead; beyond the darkness was complete; it looked perfectly black there. I dived and brought up three flat pebbles! But breakfast would not be ready until 10 o'clock; I had plenty of time. liy 8 o'clock the bottom of the basin had no mysteries for me. There was not a sin^ie cabot-lish that i had not disturbed beneath his rock?not a single caiuaron that I had not compelled 10 crawi uuciiwara i;no ms no..c. juui the locket was not tliero?accordingly it must be fartner clown. 1 left the basin and followed the course of tho i strc .to?interrogating all the roots, ex- j pionr.g all the boulders, questioning-j ever}' tuft of grass. I was " about to j pass on when I saw a little serpent. 11ko a tmn suk siriu^ up?i tuc roct of a wild strawberry plant, wriggling in the current. I seized it?it was the loc<eL .r She would not come down.to breakfast, but M. R:ibut told me she would certainly come down to dinner. Sho was still a little weak, but that wa' all. Mau is a selfish creature; the medallion remained in my pocket, t While they were laying the table that evening 1 stole into "the dining-room. When lier father had led her to her seat, and sho unfolded her napkin, she found a little box in it. >y li?xl id Auuuiui ui > vui tempts to spoil me, papa?" But the astonished look of M. Rabut must have convinced her more than his denial. She opened the little box. "My locket! my locket!" she cried, putting it to her lips and kissing u over and over again. 1 watched every kiss ?I looked at her out of the corner of my eye. Finally her eyes met my own ?she understood. But the little mysterious beauty didn't even say, "Thank J) j on. And the long and short of it is, doar sir, that I never gave tLelene, who became my wife, a single lesson. Ab, yes, .parbieau! I taught her how to swim. ?_ i;. , i* ? Symbolism of Flowers. In all ages and among almost every people, flowers have been adopted f.s symbols, types and emblems of human combination, affection and loyalty. The * reader needs scarcely to bo reminded of the red and white roses which were the badges ot the Lancastrian and York rivals to the English throne. But the symbolism of flowers dates back to periods far older than the time of the wars of the roses. The ancient nations had their emblematic flowers. The special flower of tUo IIIuUoos, fur instance, has always been the mara goiu. inc unineso uispiay as uieir national flower the gorgeous chrysanthemum. The Assyrians for ages proudly wore the water-lily. Egyptians delight most of all in the heliotrope; though the papyrus leaf, used oy: the ancient Egyptians in place of paper, may-also be regarded in a high sonse as tiie symbolic plant of the land of the Nile. The Greeks and Romans were in the habit of distributing the flowers'ia their luxurious gardens "among their gods and demigods, just as in yet remoter times the sweet basil and the moon flower were sacred to Asiatic deities. 1 ? m TnnA IT' o c J.U (.lie ilUUiilU tuoiuiu, tv C/UUU '* c*o devoted the lily, to Menus the myrtle aDd the rose, to Minerva the olive and the violet; Diana had the dittany, Ceresthe poppy. Mars the ash, Bacchus the grape-loaf, Hercules the poplar and Jupiter, naturally, the monarch of trees, the oak. So we may infer that among the 11 ymans the lily and tiie oak were, the emblems of power; the myrtle and the rose, of love; the olive and the violet, of learning; the ash, of war, and the grape-leal, of festivity. Even the days of tue week, as we use them now, are named troni deities who had each his special flower: The sun (Sunday), the sunflower; the moon (Monday), the daisy: Tuesday (the god Tui's day), the violet; WeduesUay (the god WoUen's day), the blue monkshood; Thursday (the god Thor's day), the burdock; Friday (the goddess Frea's day), the orcnis, and Saturday (Saturn's day,) the hurse tail. We also lind that in our time the sacred days in lite calendar of the En <jiish church have all their flower or plant emblems, the principal of which are the holly for Christmas, the palm for Palm Sunday aiul tne amaranth for All Saint's day. Monarchs and the nations have often Lad their symbolic 11 >wers- The thistle is the embicm of Scotland and the shamrock of Ireland. Tuv jliur de Lis is the badge of the rovai house of France, and the amaranth of that of Sweden. The rose blooms lorever on the royal coat of arms of Eugland. ? Florist. Hotels in America. The ruling idea in America is that whatever a guest can possibly want is to be ready waiting for him at all hours of the day or night. From 6 o'clock in the morning till bedtime he can eat. Be it breakfast, lunch, dinner or supper, there will be something on ti^e table. In order to post his letters or to buy a paper or to telephone to a friend or to send a message, he has only to walk into the main hall. For a wash, a shave, boot-cleaning, hairdressing or the relief of his corns, he has merely to sit down on a chair and the appropriate artist will be at his side in a minute. They all understand their business, whatever it may be, a LIU. UU liUJC SJL 1*1 UUi AO tVUOkWU iu. va i planations. The guest knows before- j hand his own share of the programme ?what he will have to cat, wtierc he I will have to sleep, and to a cent what ho will have to pay. In the bestmana<red hotels on "our own side of the Atlantic the eloment of strangeness and uncertainty has not yet been altofether eliminated. A person never nows exactly what may happen to him; how he may be treated, or what he may be charged even at the house which he frequents habitually. But the American hotel sets your mind at rest forthwith. For so many dollars per dav von are free of the house and all its privileges, wnicb, apart from the eating and sleeping, are very considerable.?Biackwjod's Magazine. A starving laborer took three apples from a garden and was sentenced by Bailie Hunter, of Dundee, Scotland, to forfcy days' imprisonment T11E AGE OF i>l*Ct>VriSY. At no time since rr.i'ti have dwelt upon the carta l?:iv?; their notions about the universe mi i.-r-_r<>ni; so srrcat a j change as in ii>" ivh;;irv* <>f whicii wo are now upj)i<>:tc!ii:i*_' UiC i*n?i. iNevcr before hits kn w.i-ti.e inciva^eil so rapidly; never mmhp* ii:is piii:* <??pliic;il speculation L ii so : ciivoiy conducted, or its resnis so w.iifly diiTused. It is a character.at.e of or^nuiu evolution that mimur<?u? progressive ton itrncies, for a Ion;r 1:1110 incon.spicuons, now :.:nl then unite to brim: ::Uo t a striking anil apparency >umli-n cn.in^c; or :i i set of tcrces, quictiy net umulating in one direclion, ;.t Ji-n^lh unlock sorue new reservoir of foice, and abruptly inaugurate a new series of phenomena, as when water rises iu a tank until iis overflow sets whirling a system of tootued wheels. It may b'j that Nature makes no leaps, but in this way she row and then makes very long stri ies. it is iu this way that the course of organic development is marked here and there by memorable epochs, which seem to open new chapters iu the history of the universe. There was such an epoch when the common ancestor of ascidian and amphioxus first showed i rudimentary traces of a verlebrai column. There was sueii an epoch when the air-bladder of early amphibians began to do duty as a lung. Greatest of i; .1... - ?;il <.An, ail, S1UCU S.UU 15 UC1I, swu lliuucu 11U1U our ken, when organic iifo began upon the surface of the globe, was tho birth of that new era wuon, through a wondrous change in tiie diivolion oi the working of natural se.eotiuii, Humanity appeared upon tins.se n . in tlio I career of the human race wo can like' wise poitu to pei.udi in which it has become apparent tuat uu immense stride was taken. Such a period murks liio dawning of human history, when after count.ess ages of desultory trioal I warfare, men succeeded in uniting into comparatively stable political societies, and through the medium 01 wiiuen language began hamiing down to posterity the record of their thoughts and deeds. Since that morning twilight of history there his been uo era so strongly marked, no eh inge so swift or so far-reaching in tuc conditions of human life, as that which began with the great maritime discoveries ot ih : tifteeuth century, and is approaching its culmination to-day. in its earner stages this modern era was signaliz-.:d by sporadic achievements of the unman intellect, great in themselves, and leading to sucn stupendous ivsil.ts as tiie boldest dared not dream of. Such achievements were tiie iuvcntio.i of printing. the t?iie-u?>pe and mioro-c >pe the geometry of Do*e irics, tue :.suouomy of Newton. liio puysies of iiuyghens, the physiology of ILuwy. jian's senses were tnus indefinitely enlarged. its his means of regi.su ation were perfected; iie became capable ot extending nhvs cal inferences iroai the earth, to the heavens; and lie made his first acquaintance with ttiat lumin;ferous ether which was by and by to reveal the intim:ile structure oi matter in regions far beyond the power of the microscope to penetrate. It is only with the present century tfcat tbo vastness oi tJio cliun^os tLus beginning to be wrought has become apparent. The scientific achievements oi the human intellect no kn^er occur sporadically; they follow one upon another, like tne organ iz.-d and sy stematic conquest of a resistless army. Each new discovery becomes at once a powerful iuinlement iu the hands of innu merable workers, and each year wins over fresh regions of the universe from the unknown to the known. Our own generation has become so wouted to this unresting march of discovery that we already -take it as a matter of course. Our minds become easily deadened to its real import, and the examples we cite in illustration of it have an air of triteness. We scarcely need to be rcmiuded that all the advances m uie in locomotion, from the days of Neouch.idne/.z ir to mose of Andrew daCKSon, were :is UUIUHJJ5 v;wiuj?.?i uu iu the change that lias uoon wrought within a lew years by the inifuiluciiou of railroads. In these times, wi.eii Puck has fill HI led his bonst and pnt a girdle about the enrth in forty minutes, we arc not yet, perhaps, in danger of forgetting that a century has not elapsed since he who caught the light i.:.. i.:? Ullig UjJUH U15 MIV WiU> JMIVl grave. Yet the lesson of the facts, as well as of the grandmother's spinningwheel that stands by the parlor fireside, is well to bear in mind. The change therein exemplified since Penelope plied her distaff is far less tiian that which has occurred within the memory of living men. The development of: machinery, which has worked such/ wonders, have greatly alterod the political conditions of human society, so that a huge republic like the United States is now as snug and compact and easily manageable as was the tiny republic of Switzerland in the eighteenth century. The number of men that can live uoon a ?riven area of the earth's surface has been multiplied manifold, and while the mass of human life has thus increased, its value has been at the same time enhanced.?John b'iske in JS'ovemler Atlantic. Playfair on Scientific Education. Of the direction toward which that increased and higher education should be pointed he made a clear and forcible statement in bis address before iliu Educational Section of the Social Science Congress at Newcastle in 1870, when, having remarked that, "under our present system of elementary teaching, no knowledge whatever bearing on the life-wort of the people reaches them by our system of state education," and that "the mere tools of education are put into the hands of children during their school-time without any effort being made to teach them to use the tools for any prolitable purpose whatever, so they get ; rnofr* At* ova tlirnvvn 'ilfnrrftl hor n JL \SL Ul Wi? kV>IU Mff , I ho unfolded his own views of the methods that should be pursued. "Books," he said, "ought only to be accessories not principals. The pupil must bo brought in face of the facts through experiment and demon>tration. H?i should pullthe plant to pieces and see how it is constructed. He must vex the elcctric cylinder till it yields iiim its sparks. "He must apply with his own hand the magnet to the needle. He must see water broken up into its constituent parts, and witness the v.u-' lence with which its dements unite. Unless he is brought into actual contact with the facts, and taught to observe and bring them into relation with science evolved from them, it were better that instruction in .science should be left alone, for one of tiie lirstlessons bo must learn from science is not to trust iu authority, but to demand proof foreachasseveratioc.?rout "SkcLckuJ iir Lyon I luyfutr" iu To pillar Science Monthly for November. ?? At the Armstrong Works, in England, a gun that will cast a one-ton shell filteen miles has been made. The Wh<t? I'*.<lianQ. An intelligent Indian rrecmly, in reporting the marriage of an Indian octoroon to a while man. said: "If ibid process goes on. w<> win >oon nave me whitest race of Indians yon ever did gee." The rceomplished daughter of the old mis>i< 11 ry. Dr. Robertson, married a ftiil-biooded Creek, lb r sister has secured motu-v at theEi?t to establish a seminary among the fuil bloods, and it lias been a question where tho ?em;n:.rv ci-uld be located to meet the ohjec. a'nicd at. Parties stepping from the> train at Vint in, within tho Cherokee nation, tiie only railroad cros-ing in the Indian T-rritory, commonly ask, "when! are the Indians?" U i being to;u tnat tuuae they see about them are Indians, they reply, "No. They are not Indians; those are white men." By marrying an Indian maiden, the white man secures all tue rights of Indian citizenship. The "headrig.';t" of the girl helps the matrimonial contract. To hunters for land, those lookins: for wide ranges for rattle or agri culture, the tompiation is Very strong to take ti i* siiort cut to get an < x etit of soil tiicy coukl never hope to sccr.ro in any other way. The encouragement given to ihe whiles on the part of marriageable Indian females is quite obsurvaSle. Th<*y think that by marrying white men thev gain socially, and have a prospect lor an easier and better-eared-lor life. And 'they think rightly. Jn all depressed civilizations, women have a hard time of it. The Indian men do not like this constant raiding through their land and capturing the most attractive of their race, whom they would woo and wed, but they cannot help themselves, and retaliate by stealing the affections of white girls and marrying them. White girls entering an Indian reservation are very soon picked up; not so often by full-blooded Indians, but after the process of intermarriage has commenced, not so seldom by halfbreeds, quadroons and octoroonsWhite persons who marry into Indian blood almost iuvariably remain on Indian soil. The white man, in defense of Indian ideas of communal interests and Indian questions, as related to tho whites, becomes more intensely Indian than the Indians themselves. I think the liercest defenders of the tribal system are white men who by marriage have become Indian citizens and are making money out of it. The large crops ou Indian lands are invariably raised by whilo men. Fourlifihs of the mechanics are whito men, brothers-in-law to the Indians. So on both sides the process of dilution of Indian blood goes on until it becomes very thiu, while Indian habits and In-, dian characteristics still remain. The common notion among Indians is that Indian blood never runs out, and that wherever the slightest trace of it can be found, ihere the fullest rights of land and privilege follow. For a man who has onc-s;.\teenth or oue-thirty-pecond part of Indian biuod, tlie claim for his right as an Indian is asserted as strougly r.s for the fullblood. A white mau has married an Indian girl, a- light blonde, of ooethirty-second Indian blood. His children will be one-sixty-fourth Indian. The family consists of live members. On afifiomiL of that one-thirtv-secon d Indian blood, that family of live, located ou the border of the Indian laud, is entitled, by equal division of tno tribal laud, to live times 995 seres, or 4,975 acres. ?Milwaukee rcuhue!. A Reminiscc'ice of Charley Backus. Chance placed Arthur Moreland in the next scat to me at the "Evangeline" initial Tnursdav ni?ht. He has :ij;ed much ami wears a mournful expression. ill bccomin^ a faco that' was so long wreathed with smiles, when, with a burnt-cork mask, he pivoted the San Francisco minstrel semi-circle. The dissolution of that admirable organization still preys upon his mind, and while the lirummer was testing his heads between acts Arthur harped on his favorite subject. He told me a story about Ciiarley Backus which I think has never before appeared in type. It was when Peter Gilsey was alive. B:ickus and Gilsey sat in the G.isey house cafe, it was bitter cold outside, uio mercury just DCttering me . Z'jro mark. Th? conversation turned upon the stern dictates of fashion in ? 1 dq^^^^hav^jwear as long as I'm comfortable," remarked the comedian. , QWrty^Sfi.-vou.^^^tronizin^ly insisted, tha y^acrablc-Pe^, wptrfdliit 3sre: go. out: in street in this kind of weather with a summer suit--on.f! r- ;'. -V "Tlialis just what I'll do for a bottle ofwiiii^!; 'Make it a case." / "CalUjt a. car-load if you want," reioitied-iBiickds. . > I^e-.wager was made,,r;?nd Backus disappeared, An: hour later,ho walked flannel shirtvsira^>kafc^wi^bim-vband, corncolored kidsiiOxfcr^tieS, -carrying a bamboo walking,siick^ind^"wearing a rose in his button-hole. The terms of ihc wager required that lie should waik down Broadway to Stewart's store and return. He carried it out to the letter, leisurely sauntering down the street, swinging his cane, and appearing as comfortable as though he was on iuo snauy siue ox me street on a July day. Or course he was the cynosure of all eyes, but ho was accustomed to that, and appeared not the least perturbed. The wine was won, and Gilsey determined to have revenge in paying it. That evening, when Baetus had responded to the fourth encore on one of liis topical songs, he was surprised to see a.box of Mumm's extra shoved over the footlights. The audience howled and demanded a fifth verse. It was followed by another case, and so it continued until twenty boxes of wine had been piled upon the stage before him, entirely concealing his rotund lonu.?Auburn Dispatch. - 1 ^ Massowah, 011 iho Ked Sea, which the Italians have occupied, is anything but a lovely spot for Europeans. A letter in an English paper s:i3*s: "We !n ot \T .1 WOAVU-l tl Mtlll hor? tft auchor for the nijjht. aud a more frightful, horriulo ni^ht 1 never spent. Not a breath of air, and the thermometer 122 deg. Fahrenheit. This is no exaggeration; we were panting about the deck; the heat seemed to choke you; sleep was out of the question. Some negroes seemed to feel the heat more than Europeans.and were groaning fearfully and pouring buckets of water oyer their heads, which, however, was of very little use, as the water was between 95 and 100 de?r. _ _ _ ? Fahrenheit Five Italian officials have committed suicide, aud no wonder." An Englishman has demonstrated that a suaii eun creep 300 feet between sunrise and sunset. GOSSIP ABOUT SAM JONES. The Famous Sou them Kvanjrelist'a Boyhood?How He m-t Gov. Stephens, As we sat under the 'canvas last Sunday aud cast tin eytt'oYfec- the thousands who fitted the cctlib>.space It covered, the thought occurred "'to us, "Whalrbrings this crowd here?" Tho question was as pertinent as when John ?!r? vvilii 1ioii?y in the wilds of Judea. We hatched the eager, restless throng, and we began to investisate our ow? mental inquiry. The Rev.Sam Jones was a poor boy, raised right -here among ns, a wild, rattling chap that nearly everybody had teu hard words tor to every good one spoken in his behaJf. He was the very synonym of mischief and audacity, with a modicum of shnrD. native wit. that has grown with his growth iu succeeding years. He cared precious little about his books,, as our experience will testify in r- short tcfm ofjgupiiageln our^. school (frectly after iTie'surrend'er. To bis cre?* we will say ho never forgot his respect or obedienco to us, and an ^nrnejrf request or a calm statement of the case would cause him to desist from victimizing the smaller boys with his tobacco juice or from playing clown in the pantomime on the siy,during school hours,which was a^ucver-ceasing temptation to his keeu sense of the ridic U1UIO* XJtiO UULUIU r# cfcj o out when suffering or trouble were present . The writer will never forget a visit he made to our house in the most rattling period of his boyhood, to tell us he was thankful and comforted to know we were convalescing from a serious illness, in which our lile had been despaired of, and even at the time men UUU<JU wu Vffiu liut iiiuii V/Ub ui uau-vi of un early and untimely grave. The weather was severe, bitter, extremely cold, but the young man brought his frank, bright, face into the sick-room like a veritable ray of sunshine, to tell us that our school-boys were all so glad we were still alive. There was in him the germ of something noble and elevated,and when he joined the church, within a'.haif mile from our own door, at a little country chapel, we felt that the germ would expand into something that would be peculiarly his own?he would either "make a spoon or spoil a horn." How much "spoon" last Sanday's crowd can tell. Eight years ago, when ho was pegerirnj nn n. little noor circuit, he came again to sec us, to pay his respects to the late Gov. Stephens. We watched the two, as Mr. Stephens rolled to and fro on the back veranda in his invalid chair, and listened to Sam's description of a dog-tight that had fallen under his observation. There was a magnctisnrin both that quickly found play, and after the visitors retired Mr. Stephens was very eulogistic. He inquired minutely into his history, and predicted a future from that rough, native wit, which had evoked hearty laughter, to the veteran statesman's niifit Aninvirifint. O* ? Tiio crowd on Sunday camo partly to laugh, but man}' tears camo also with tue laughter, ani.it was ^oth funny and giRjciing-to^^see* laugh tor and tears mixed up so rapidly and indiscriminately. Jf we had to diagnose the attraction carefully, wo would say the secret of his success lies in the fact that he makes a clean breast of it, "a sinner saved by gr:ice." if ho once convinces you that he is entirely earnest and honest and true in fitting his -rnlirrirtn fr? hla nwn lifft nnri nhfirartpr. ??? the citadel of your unbelief will falL His wit goes far toward attracting the crowd, but he holds them by confessing his own feelings so honestly and crying aloud, "Nothing in my hand I bring, simply to 'lhy cross I cling." How God loves honesty in every shape and form! When the record is written on high, that soul will receive the welcome plaudit, "Well done," which has kept its way clear to God's favor *by strict honesty to both God and his fellowman.?L'arUrsviile (Ot/.) ConranL Railway Bridges. Mr. B. Baker, of the British Associa Hod, said in a recent lecture: "Hundreds of existing railway bridges which carry twenty trains a day with perfect safety would break down quickly under twenty trains per hour. This fact-was forced on ray attention nearly twenty years ago by the fracture of a number of iron girders of ordinary strength under a live-minute train service. Similarly, when in New York last year, I noticed in the case of some hundreds of girders on the elevated railway that the alternate thrust and pull on the central diagonals from trains passing every two or three minutes had developed weakness which necessitated the bars being replaced by stronger ones after a very short service. Somewhat the same thing had to be done recently in this country with a bridge over the Trent, but, the train service being small, the Hf-? of the bars was measured byy<vns instead of months. If ships w?';o aiways among great waves, the number going to the bottom would be largely increased, for, according to Mr. John, late of Lloyd's, many large merchant steamers afloat are so deficient in longitudinalstreugih that they are liable under ccrtain conditions of sea to be strained in the upper works to a tension of from eight to nine tons per square inch, and to a compression of from six to seven tons? stresses which the experiments already referred to proved would cause failure after adelinitcnumberof repetitions.'" The shamrock, which is the emblem of Ireland, is not known by its flojver, but by its leaves; it is a little trefoil, as is clover, but is very rare in England and uot common in Ireland. Unrit-Vmm in hi<j British Flora." savs that Oxalis acctocella, or wood sorrel, is the original shamrock; it has a.pale pink, almost white, flower, which is said to bo very plentiful in- woods in April He also states that purple Dutch clover (Trifoleumrepens), which we all know so well, is now accepted as the shamrock. The tradition hins that St. Patrick, when preaching in Erin, gathered a shamrock and used it to illustrate the doctrino of the Holy Trinity. Fro:u this circumstance the trefoil has become accepted as the na tional emblem of The "Emerald Isle. Here is an exquisite story that Richard Grant used to tell to illustrate the native courtesy of well-bred Americans: "When Gen. Washington was in New England he was entertained at dinner by a country gentleman, who lived comfortably but quietly in his old-fashioned home far from town. When the general rose to go, the little daughter of the host, not yet in her teens, opened the door for him. As he passed out in his stately way he bowed and said to the little maid: 'I wiah vrvv; o hotter nfficA mv ftaar.' 'Yes, sir,' siw quickly replied, with a bow: 'to let you ia. sir.' A- ?J+. - ~ ' f * Pet Names. Think of a woman Irving to win independence, name and fame; to be a wise exemplar for children :md youth; to achieve anything wh itcvcr, creditable, honorable or <rreat, vet too timid to write her womanhood name! Perhaps little girls and quite young women may be pardoned, if, at the present day, under past teaching and example, they .ire not always found to possess sufficient stamina to write their own mi'1 es. But for persons of adult and mature age to parade under pet names, is to advertise themselves as weaklings. They ar6 branded cowards by their own hands; they are slain by the point of their own pen. Could the author of "Uncle Tom's Cabin" have attained such mighty influence, bad she been determined to be known only as "Hattie" Stovve? Does not Harriet Murtineau carry an influence and uovvc-r which "Ha;tie'' cohKI jiacer lijMtc approiicfewf? * Slroaki fc have more respect for tlie creator of "Jane Eyre," if she had figured as "Lottie" Bronte? Would it :idd to the fame of one oi America's foremost lecturer; to be heralded as "M imic'' Livermore? Would ol "i-iddie" *\T i?rcru*1* Vnlli-r z:e" Fry, "Carrie" Horseii-I, "L.zzio" Cady Stanton, "Susie" Anthouy, have made us weep?yea, als , ami the angels with us?for want of sci.se and self-respect therein ?;i-pl;iyed? Can we, for a moment, eoi.ee.vo of women of Iheir moral tone and eaiibr.-, writing their nanu-s oilier than tliey did. No, those real, genuine names carricd an immense influence and power, ami wiil to the end. Among less r lights will not actual, bona lide names carry their corresponding and proportionate weight and force? But a great many names are pet names. H arid. for instance, is derived from Harry, llcieu is a corruption of Kl- anor, and so of many other namos. it you are <roinjj to discard pel names, why not discard them all? All derivative names arc not necessarily put names, and such names as arc here referred to, have lost their distinctive character as pet names, even if they were ever so considered. They ori? ru\t L'nnivn r?r nccnrr.i?<? tn such. But little, if any, above this practice in weakness and effeminacy, is the habit, quito too prevalent, of compromising between the real and the pet uain.% and substituting therefor a nickname, such as "Kite," "May," "Frank." What should we think of Rev. -Bill" White, Hon. "Joe" Black. Prof. Peti" Grav. Colonel "Dick" Green, and so forth? Supposing we had been taught to look upon the author of "Thauatopsis" ;.s "Bill" Bryant; upon the immorLil baru as "Bill" Shakspeare; upon th?: author of "Evangeline" as "Hon" Longfellow, and upon the great poet-laureate as "All lennyson.* Are not, iiiese us inspiring as "Kale" this. "May" that, and "Frank" something else? If these men had been such weak saplings as to have written themselves thus lor posterity, would not their honored names have been shorn of every trace and vcstige;of dignity and character which they now poss ss for us, and which they will continue to possess for coming generations? Let us hope that the writing of jict names and nicknames m.u'-soon become obsolete among women, lor no woman can expect to receive the treatment due to fiuuiaui o<J iuu^ ao ouu yvi jiou JU writing herscli a baby.?Maria E,more, in Boston Commonwea th. Two Poets. In Octobcr I accompanifd Lord Houghton to R >slyn to visit Mr. Bry^ - ? t'n a wa X-1/? 11 iiuu v/uo iuv; fctwv pvuvo J *wv*cd to the solicitation of some of the guests, and each recited selections from his own poetry?a violence to his modesty to which I doubt if Mr. Bryant, at least, had ever submitted before. He begau by reading "October," afterward assigning as a reason for the selection that it was the shortest of all his poems, but later, yielding (o the persuasion of his auuii-nee, he read "The Death of the Flowers," and "The Fringed Gentian." L-rd Houghton .<= , ? : _ rcau, as nivinv as x 0:111 a-mcm /fr, "Half Truth," "Strangers Yet," auti "Passed Friendship." As we sat listening to these white-haired, venerable bards reciting their own verses it required no effort of the imagination to tancy onrseives transported back to Middle A<res, to the time, if not to the court, of Riciiard of the Lion Heart, "When ladies' suit and minstrels' stra.n By knight were uevt-r heard in vain." I was so much interested in watching the poets that what they recited became of secondary interest. 'J wo men more unlike in their theories of human life, its legitimate purposes and results, could hardly be imagined; yet both had in common venerab e age. CAljUiSllC JJLViaLjr Wuiwiuw, uiiw uiiui^ puted social prestige. It was apparent irom the first that each was trying to entertain two very distinct audiences? one the rival poet, and the other their common listeners. It was somewhat more difficult for Bryant thau for Houghton to yield to our appeals. He had a constitutional aversion to being the hero of his own comedy, and it was not till refusal would seem to "dull the edge of hospitality" that he surrendered nimself a cheerful victim. There was a pretty strife of modesty between them, neither wishing to betray his own estimate of his verses by his manner of reading them, nor yet indifferent to the impression they would make. The poems they selected mijrht have been rendered more dramatically and more melodiously by a reader who had not to strive with the responsibilities of authorship, hut by no one else cr> ofTi?.-?fivi>lv. All who heard them felt that ihe lines recited by these two venerable scalds on this occasion were thenceforth more to them than they ever had been or could bo to those who had only read them.?Lion. John Biglow, in Harpers Magazine for November. What M.. kes Calamity of Life. When a loti^-suff .-ring lisherman accidentally and unexpectedly tihds a big trout has actually grabbed his hook and shows light and ihirts around and pitches and cavorts, and lashes the water, and ben-is the pole almost double and you brace yourself for the great occasion with hope, in your eye and your heart in your mouth and begin to draw him in and up and out, and just at the expressible moment of enrt/.??ce ?inH trinmnli Kn otJvaq flirt" and falls back?oh, what a fall was that, my countrymen! Wliut goneness, what helplessness, what crushing, subduing feeling come over a man. He couldn't smile if he was going to be hung if he didn't It is worse than to hare a cow die, or to be left by the train. I have experienced that, and gone home as hum Die as a wet dog. It is a $10 grief over the loss of a half dollar fish.?Bill Arp, in Atlanta Constitution. GAMBLING IN STOCK?. Operations of Buck -t-Sirops and How the I>ear Public is FI?>pcr><l on S'ock*. The ideal business of the New York Stock Exchange is unquestionably as legitimate as that of the Produce Ex change, or 01 any intermediary between the seller and the buyer. " That there arc grave evils incident to its operation is equally unquestionable. The war for the preservation of the national Uniou largely converted the American people into a nation of speculators. The rage for suddeu wealth was further intensified by the discoveries of mineral oil and the precious metals. These created innumerable companies for tiie exploitation of mines, the construction of railroads, and other objects. Su i?leu and violent fluctuations in the price of stocks, and the d&ilv rp.nort tlieruof in the n?w<!nnr>er.?L aggravate the speculative spirit, Conside ratibnwofm^tyiity ana prudence are set at naught by those who will be rich, and who dream of opulcnco by other methods than the slow and steady measures of their fathers. Professional men. merchants, manufacturers. mechanics, farmers, widows, and spinsters, blinded by l-he glare of success, and hoping to strengthen their slender income, have adventured their savings upon the treacherous sea of Wall street, and lost them all To them the exchange building is a whited sepulchrc in which fortunes lie entombed,a sea in which voracious shares rend or swallow the little fish who dare to enter its troubled waters, a gambling saloon where deceit and desperation wait upon the players. It may hare httfin such to them. simnlv be cause they made it such, not because they availed themselves of its real functions. An immense amount of gambling is done in piratical relation to it, and in spite of the strenuous exertions of the stock-brokers to prevent it. The "bucket shops" situated in the large towns and cities of the country are tBe instruments by which it is carried on. Tiie proprietors of these nefarious establishments surreptitiously obtain quotations from the btock Exchange. Tickets are refused to them by the Western Union unless four membersof the board vouch for the worthiness of each applicant. The quotations desired are furnished by persons who have bound themselves to that telegraph company not to do so, and who have obtained injunctions from the courts restraining the corporation from removing their instruments. Former insolvent members of the Stock Exchange, now known as "exempt members," are among the users of the knowledge thus acquired. Because of this grievance the Cuicago Board of Trade has compelled the Western Union to remove us tickers Irom their ofhces ?a precedent that the New York Stock Exchange will probably follow unless this grievance be redressed. lu these bucket shops a blackboard, with list of stocks at prices quoted in New York inacnoed tnereon, is displayed. Speculative clerks and others are invited to bet upon these quotations?under the pretense of the put and-: call system. .For cxampleroiieiis induced to buv, on a margin of ?1 'per 3liarc, five shares of Missouri, Kansas, and Texas stock :it 16k Jf it rises to 17i. he sets back his niaririn and <raius 55. if it drops' to 15|, Jio loses his margin or bet. The secret of ruin in thousands of instances is to be found in the gambling of bucket siiops. Yet the wealthy patroniz; and are fleeced by them. Qiurk of Knaveviile keeps a bucket shop, and receives the quotations He confidentially informs his trusting patrons that he has certain knowledge that au inactive stuck is about to rise in price?say the Denver and liio Grande, now selling at 9?and persuades them to venture $1 per share to the extent of 15.0J0 shares. Tnis done,he tele?.r qiiis io a broker to "seii 3000, D. ami li. G.? quick, q liek," in blocks from 8J to S. Ihe >e..ing broker, alone or wan assistance, manes his offers, which are accepted by another broker to whom Q i.rK nas tcio t l i- I il.. grapucu LO UUV lilt; 51UCA3 wuunv* .it, those priccs. The last quotation, 8, fixes the price* The l olograph announces it at Kuaveville. Tlie $15,000 margin, minus the one-fourth of one per cent, brokerage on the lictiiious sales,is swept into the swindler's pocket. While the Stock Exchange has legit imatc and invaluable uses', it is none the less true that it has been aud is converted into a gambling arena by the 2reat speculative operators, n? >st of whom have sprung from the lower walks of rural life, who control the management of railroads whose slocks :ire active. The facts of good or bad harvests, freight or passenger traffic, rates of transportation, ca.i not explain the fluctuations of their prices. The secret is to be found in the parlors of directors. There flaming reports of prosperity arc prepared, and unearned dividends declared, to "bull" the stock. There accounts are "cooked" so as to exhibit decreased earnings, needless expenses for rolling stock aud improvevents of permanent way incurred, floating debts swelled, acceptances issued for discount, and th:;t will purposely be allowed to so to protest when povneil diriiimuls Massed, evil prophecies uttered, to "bear" the slock. By "ways that arc dark aud tricks that are vain," the conspirators acquire colossal wealth.?11. YVhcatleij, in tiarper's Magazine for Xtv:mber. The humming of telegraph and telephone wires so often heard, is generally considered to be caused by the wind. K. W. McBridc, of Waterloo, IuiL, wjio specially studied ihe matter for several years on his private wire, which had a strong gift of humming, is satisried that the wind is not the agent, for he found the sound more likely to be heard on a dry, clear, cool nnd calm evening than at any other lime. Jtie is also convinced that the sound is not produced by electricity, fur he couid dctect uo signs of that agent when the humming was going on, while at times when the wire was evidently charged there was no sound. The humming was accompanied by a rapid vibration of the wire. In fact, the in:;Uer is thought to be a sort of lo-14-lo puzz.u ot popular science. mm tP Out West they have a delicacy iu dealing with personalities, even in gambling circles. A one-eyed man frrvjn the minin? districts had won so much money at poker that his fair character was likely to be impeached for cheating. Finally a cowboy arose and said, '-Gentlemen, it's 12 o'clock; we'll all take a drink," and, swinging his revolver around carclcssly, continued, "after the refreshment we'll play again, aud the next man who cheats we'll shoot out his otiier eye." It is needless to say that with tnis gentle hint the one-eyed man played a loosing game the rest of that niejht A. Chapt< on Coal. It is bat a few j:ca' s ago that stove coai was the smalieot size into which . anthracite was broken for market. In -. fact, from the time anthracite was introduced until a comparatively recent date consumers of coai purchased it in the lump and broke it to suit them- . selves. Coal was used for many years -? 1? 1 - - iL simpiy ior iiu:\uug purpu&es, tuu iuc;i of a coal-burning cooking stove not being thought of until long afterward. With the introduction of coal-burning cooking stoves began the breaking of coal into sizes that could be satisfactorily nsed on their grates.. Stove coal had been in use for years before chestnut coal was introduced by the Delaware "and Hudson Canal" Company. The size was long gaining in public favor, but about ten years ago became . the most popular anthracite .fuel, both lor coosing una ncaung sioves. jcour or five years ago the same company tried the experiment of screening a size to which was given the name of pea coal. This was so small that con-? sumers were still longer in seeing an advantage in it than they had been in s the case of the chestnut size. Experience has shown, however, that 'pea coal has advantages which are not possessed by chestnut, and according to the reports of coai sales of the Delaware and* Hudson Canal company here for last month the sales of pea coal ex ceeded those of chestnut. No one believed that a' smaller size than pea coal could ?ver be marketable, but the Canal company recently began the screening of a coal so small that it was given the name of "buckwheat." For this size an extensive market has been * found on the Hudson river, the river steamboats having found it a superior fuel for their boilers. The most notable feature of the anthracite coal fields are the great mountains of black waste from the mines and coal piles which has been gives tiie name of culm. mteeu percent, of all anthracite ruined goes to the culm dumps, and millions of dollars are represented inland, machinery and labor necessary for the hauling and storing of the waste, which until a short time was looked upon as entirely worthless. For years inventors labored to devise some means by which " these millions ot tons of culm could be utilized. Ingenious machinery has been patented having that end in view. Tne culm, by means of this machinery, has been pressed into bricks, with other combustible matter, companies with large capitals being engaged in the effort to thus make of the culm practical and valuable fuel. While engaged in trials upon the waste itself no inventor seemed to have thought of devising a furnace or draught by which tlya nnim ormlH ntili'zoil wirhnnt flnv v'v*'""4 VVM4%4 vv vtwA,Mw": "??j treatment just as it came from the heaps, until a tannery engineer; working where culm was auuuiiant, one day fixed a simple attachment to the draught of his furnace and found that . he could not only use culm without any difficulty, but that it was better fuel than any he had previously used. Since then tanneries, saw-miils, giass factories,.jxnd all kinds of manufactories using steam have jutilized xhe fuel to a great extent, and the coal companies in this region at least have found in what has for half a century been cumbersome and unsightly waste a profitable adjuuct to their business. There was at Rondout, at the other end of the canal, one of tiic establishments endeavoring to make the culm into bricks of fuei, but it long since gave up the business as impracticable. ?Honesclule, Fa., Cor. Chewing Gum Advised. "Thinness is a physical characteristic of Americans. I account for this because of the fact that they are in a new country to whose climate they have not become used. Even the descendants of people who came to America two hundred years ago are not fully acclimated. This is true, it matters not to what country people may remove. Natural history has demonstrated that at least three hundred years are required to acclimatize a native that has taken up his abode in a new country. Now, as thinness is a characteristic of Americans, they ought to use whatever will make them fat and they ought not to use what will keep them lean. The habit of chewing gum causes certain juices which aid digestion to flow freely, unmixed with any injurious substance. The habit of chewing tobacco also causes these juices to llow freely, but the tobaccochewer either expels them from his mouth or swallows them mixed with the poisonous juice of the weed. I see you have your note-book out; just dot down this fact: Twenty years ago ti?c rule was that southern women were thin and delicate: it is not the rule now. Southern women arc not physically equaled in ail North AmericaAny physician who is as well informed as he ought to be will tell you that is true. This ciiange is due to the habit of chewing gum. You may smile, you may even laugh, if you please, but I am telling you a plain lact. As to southern men, they arc as thin and gaunt as tlicy ever were, and so tiiey wili remain until they cease to chew tobacco and begin to. chow <rum.? If j.uucu/i, . ^ ^ An Absent 3Iii;d:!(l B irbor. "Yes," said thy proprietor of an uptown barker shop, "Jim was a good workman, but i had to get rid of him. He was too absent-minded and forgetful. One oivi fellow, with a head like a billiard-bail, lie never failed to ask if he didn't want a shampoo. Another baldheaded o.d chap got mad because Jim insisieu upon selling him a bottie of 'elixir* that was warranted to keep the hair from failing our. He cut one man's car nearly off while watching a dog fight in the street. Jim didn't moan nothin' wrong, bur, as I said, iie was absent-minded. When oid Deacon Jones died ilie family sent for a barber to shave him, au: 1 told Jim to go up. It was that job that lost, him his situation. He oid the work all right?nobody ever found fault with Jim's work ?but when he had put on the finishing touches an' pulled the towel off the poor old deacon he turned 'round and shouted 'Next!" so that the people heard him a b'.oclc away.- So I told Jim that 1 guessed I'd have to let him <TA " V V. Mf tl. bv* ""~ An El Paso newspaper says that ?u ?i f/?tv il-iv< ;i<rf> in the vil I.UC1U UJVU tk *VM ?-c ? lage of Sau Mairo, iu Mexico, Senora Garcia tie Chaves at the :igc of .120 years. At the time of death she find six children, thirty-six grandchildren, ' 112 great-grandchildren, thirtv-sevca great-great-grandchildren, and one great-great-great-grandchild. Her llesh was shriveled aud dried up to that extent that the old woman iooked like a mummy. The deceased fully retained her mental faculties until about four years ago. . ; 4