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VOL XLII. ' WINNSBORO, S. G, WEDNISDAY^S^^ 23, 1885. ' ^ ^ n .* - - The Chorister. Snow on the high-pitched minster roof anc spire, Scow on the bouyha of the leafless lindei trees: Snow on the silent ?:cets and squares tba freeze Under night's-wing down-dropping nigfc am . nfcher. w Inside the church, \r;'taoi the shadowy choir 2>tm. burns the l?inps lijse ligh ts on vapOroui * seas: ^ * Drowned are tiw so?d roned litanies; Blurred as in dro*3JS l5fc voice of priest anc choir, :* Cold hath numbed seziu* to slumber here! Ba hark, Ome swift soprautN sowing Mke& lark, MQ Startles the Etilljsess; throbs that soul o: are. Beats around hc'a and isle, floods echcinj t dark gL With exqub*n> aspiration; higher and high er, Yearns io >a*rp anguish of untold desire. . ?JchnAddington Symonds. ; Jjeaders. df Tb*-C*.a, bruins as the Moors drew near. p& Erected that hie officers should lead lis corpse to battle mounted on the steed He rode through all the storm of his career. They did. Wherever towerod that cbieftaii dear, For victory there was uo other need. The foe's prpud front was broken like i k * reed * - . And he was scattered in a gale of fear. So. like that .Mthurrof romantic Spain, Though dead, the~lofty ones of allthe age; Sti 1 ;c*ad us o'er the world's vast battle-plain Up'-.u the faithful steeds? of history's pages .And, by their presence, rally and sustain, ; Whilst the great war 'twixt Truth and E<yo"i rages. , ?Franklin E Dustin, in The Current L v ? ^ ril i: B AjRTHCELPI STATUE. Fair France's Great Statue?Its HistoryOther Statues. the" statue's eustort. The history of the gTeat undertaking N which will give New York Harbor the ^ * largest statue iu theoworld begins nearer - ly ten years ago, when the first steps were taken in the matter by a body oi kS distinguished frenchmen, enthnsiastic lovers of liberty, whom its originator and creator then interested in his , noble conception. These gentlemen fdrm-> ed themseiv.es. into a society called the Union Franco Americaine de- -France, L * , and held a banquet Nov. 6, 1875, to in K anoTirate the nroiect M. Bartholdrs p design was enthusiastically approved, and a subscription for the erection oi the statue be^tm. The City of Paris subscribed $2,000, and in" five years France had subscribed, chiefly in small - sums, the $250,000 necessary for this purpose... Another banquet was then 3 held iff the French Capital, at which E an address to the people of the United States was adopted, recalling the alB liance of France with this Nation in the cause of liberty during the Revolutionary War, and embodying senti_ ments expressive of their hearty ac cord in the maintenance of democratic W principles of government Work on " -the colossal statue was promptly begun under the superintendence of its designer, who has-witnessed its completion. The United States Minister to France atthat -time, JHSx.i Jforton, ^ drove the first spike, Oct 24,1881, rivet' ^ ' in?r the first" of the bolts which were to * . . join the statue to the pedestal. Only ?- the right arm, head, and shoulders were at that time ready, but all the plaster, castswere completed, and steady work was bein??done with the bronze of which the statue is .made. The hand and? wrist holding the -fcrch had already arrived in America in time ^ to be exhibited at the. Centennial Exhibition, and were afterward temporw arily placed in Madison Soirare,\rrew yS<\^ XorkMeanwhile on this side of the Atlantic measures of co-operation with Ahe geaerous^French - nation were taken. Jani.2,:'jS77, a;meeting of citizens of New York waS held for the- purpose.of ; presenting the undertaking to the - American people, to promote the. legislation necessary for the reception and inauguration of the statue, and to create financial means for erecting a suitable foundation and pedestal.- Congress passed a resolution .providing for the erection of the statue on Bedloe's yt * Island, New York Harbor, and for its r ^ maintenance in good order. Moreover, its formal reception by the Presi* - #'lr - r~r * _ .3 r?u._ ^. cent 01 too u aueu otates uu ucuajjl vj the government was secured, and President Grant thanked the French pea pie for the gift by autograph letter. An address to the people of this coon^ try asking subscriptions was writtei ^ and circulated, but funds have come - in with provoking slowness, and the statue has seen dark days when its fate trembled in the balance. _ . -US STEE. . ... Springing- up fron* -the--waters ci - New York Bay, near the center of the harbor, and commanding^ an unobstructed view out through the Narrowf k,- to the ocean, Bedloe's Island is an esBT pecially favorable site for the erection of a beacon-light that shall at once grade the mariner to a safe haven and symbolize to the emigrant when he .firsi reaches our shores the idea of libertj which has been so largely instrumental L v in bringing him hither." The island it JP self is muck larger-than appears eithei from the New York shore or from the lithographic pictures of statue and island which have recently been scattered over'the country. It has && area of four or five acres> and will doubtless be a delightful breathing-place for th? city resident, and a ilecca to the won^ . der-huntia^ country, visitor, when il r _ has received the last beautifying touches of the Pedestal Committee and return' V ed to the Government. The foundation on which the pedestal ' i* - tal is to rest is a vast mass of gravel, and sand, and lime, ninety-one fee! r square at the base, sixty-seven feel square at the top, and" fifty-two feel ten inches in height. It rests on a bed of gravel some twenty feet below the surface. This huge mass :df what is k for all practical .purposes a solid block ff ofgrange represen ts the actual work, outside of. plans and designs,- which jgfc has thus far been -done for the recepW tiQOrOJUhe.staiue. -4Jpon ihi3 will-be bu2t~the-"granite* pedestal, 117 "feet ^ high, and twenty feet square, .at the top. The facing of the pedestal is oi Leetes Island (Conn.) granite, wbiqjji k is rich purple in color and of great endurance. The statue will be anchored to this pedestal by -heavy iron rods passing from each corner of the statue through the pedestal to its- base. The statue itself is 151 feet high, made of copper and iron, and weighs nearly 200 ^ tons. An elevator and a stairway will ascend from the base .of. the pedestal up through ihe statue to the cead, whence the stairs will continue through the uplifted aim to the^ torch held in the hand. Upon the small balcony beneath the torch there is standing room ft- . ior niteen persons, xne neiguc or ine entire affair is reckoned s? follows: ? Height of' base of foundation--above higa-v?atermark, 8 feet; height of fonndatiortrUiass, 53 feet-height of pedestal, 117feetjheight of statue, 151 feet V- *. "'TOTAL ' 829 .FEET. ' i - ^ This raises-ihe torch seyerai feet aboye tfefr picnacle of Trinrty church ' spire,' the loftiesv - edl?ce in ".the city proper, and makes it nearly as hi^h as the Vater-tower on the bluff near High Bridge, which is the highest point above the sea-level ia. the city.An incomparably beautiful view will be had of the harbor, the city, and the surrounding country from the apex'of the . statueAside from its value as an earnest of French good wili as an artistic triVumph, and as an; observatory, the statue will bo useful *as a lighthouse. A powerful electric light Will illuminate the world by night from the torch, while a coronet of lights will be placed on the spurs of the diadem. It is calculated that these lights will be visible on a clear night at a distance of eightyeight miles at sea. This will make the statue one of the most important light; houses on the coast. j The outer wall of the fort, which cov- j i ers about half of the island, and comes down nearly to the water's edge on the j southern side of it, is to be left standing, and will make a very massive and cftVc.tive frame for the statue, v'-ich will be placed iu its centre. From the 1 inner or parade wall of the fort a terrace will rise to the base.of the pedes\ tal?the space benoath tha'iterrace beting utilized for the machinery for the , electric lights and the elevator. . THE SCULPTOR. The distinguished French sculptor,' r Frederic Auguste Bartholdi, by whose hands the repousse statue of "Liberty Enlightening the World" has beien shaped, was born at Colinar, iaFrance, ~ and is about 50 years of age.,.. '' j?.As a pupil of the famous Ary Scheffer, his artistic ability was recognized in the bas-relief of "Francesca de Rimini," executed in 1S52. His name was . first brought into prominence, how-. ; ever, in the United States in 1872,when _ his well-known statue of Lafayette was; forwarded as a giit'frbm ihe* people of: . I ftmnnin TTnlnn Smifiro. . I New York div. / ' " At the Ceiiteritilai where lie was one of the French Commissioners. he was ' ^awarded ^ medal lor the ^exhibition oz , tiie bronze sta'tnes of "Peace." "Thef ' Young Vine;GroweV\and ^'Genius in the Grasp of M.sory." He is also a , Chevalier of tho L?giou* of-Honor in his native country. It was his wish that.France should' present to the people of the United' Stales a suitable . gift commemorative1 of the. traditional feeling of good will existing between the two Nations. He therefore volunteered his artistic services for the construction of" "an enormous figure representing "Liberty En-; lightening the World," to be placed on! Bedioe's Island in New York Harbor,; and he became so enthusiastic in carrviug on the project that when sub-! scriptions lagged he pledged iiis own private fortune to defray the runniug* expenses of the work. Bartholdi has made his mark in Pa-; risinn art, and is at present engaged: in the sculpture of a ntassi.ve lion out . ch tne^soiiu rocs, ui me suw ui a uiuuuatj Bellord, which will bo eighty ~feetTong and thirtyfeet high. Gen, Charles P. Stone, formerly of .- .the United States army, has been en-: gineer-in-chief of the undertaking, and Kichard^M. Hunt architect-in-chief. .. ANCIENT MONUMENTS. j The conception of monumental work 1 seems to be characteristic of a certain idegree in x?e advancement ia? the ^vilization of nations. Without mentioning monuments properly so-called? dolmens, menhirs, columns and pyra-j ' miris?we generally discover in the history of all great nations mention of! some one colossal statue. Its concep-: tion often mars the apogee of local progress- The ancients erected maby: immense Works in honor .of theH"_^i-' vinities. With them the omnipotence; " J a.. J J I 01 a goa oiten appeared to uepeuu ua the magnitude of his image, which, i however, they' always try to endows with all possible force and majesty. The most imposing figures we recognize as their most powerful and most venerated gods, -in ancient-Egypt the ; colossi formed an essential decollation \ of the grand temples and palaces. Besides its magnificent pyramids, its obe lisks 100 feet in height, its gigantic E tombs, its innumerable and enormous . . sphinxes, E^ypt was covered with stat. ues fifty and sixty feet high, cut from , single blocks of "stone. Herodotus mentions the colossus of L Osiris, which was ninety-two feet high, j Ai Memphis a few years a^o there was j exhumed the statue of Rameses IL, j } which was forty-nine feet high. Before the entrance to the palace of Luxor were seated four similar colossi forty feet high. Near.Gournaii can still' be ' seen tire fragments of a gigantic seated ! statue of Samesis the Great, cut from : I a single x.ed,,-granite stone. The two ' colossi of Memnon measure more than " sixty-two feet each, and with their \ pedestal weigh more than 1,436 tons. | The four seated statues which dec[ orate the facade of the great temple of Isamboul were ^ixty-ona feet high. The Greeks, also, erected many stat' .ues to their divinities; they were most ' frequently of bronz* or covered with plates- of gold and ivory. ! The Minerva of Phidias was thirty nine feet high. la reality it was a ' wooden statue, supported ou the in1 side-by- iron-work, and covcred with - beaten and sculptured sheets of gold 1 and plates of ivory finely carved. This 'J was all put together jvith ; so much - -nicety of handling that -it was i'mpossi ble to discover the joints. The celebrated Jupiter Olympus, by the same sculptor, was also of gold and ivory. The god was represented seated, and 1 was forty-two feet high. ' Phidias made several other colossal | Minervas, one of which, the "Athena ' Promachos," was entirely of bronze, ULLLJ IU DJAVJ AWU ii-i w*v^ ' sus of Rhodes,.; the wprp of Chaxe^ of ; Lindos, was:erected 300'years B.: C., ' hi 'honor of'ApoHoi/ ^Sjre instability it was filled with .'large stones. ' Neve^tiieless it.-waa-overthrown by an Rome, the Empire, erecfi^rinscT' c'olpss^fefonze saitues, ^ duciisg' tiie&iifeiimfc.of. Xero, ; ,Budjla;;^e^^-.^^^- 1s . of w'oocfr^i^py carved, j WooS^^K^pV^^rrare as the v wood^ &n,se;0t'2broy, lissfcJrardly ever been employed 'in. cbiossal statuary, saveinthe interior? of temples. ;- " 3o^'pi^;EB^~whic^>?as recently j4esof: Ei^^esfcSeotl&nd, was found to7cOS8^.SRKB^jp?iizs^aung fr?5B^^;pl^ist?>ric times. Titer were planted and-a* once "began I5"germinate t. after 3 sleep, of ages. . .The sea otter catch of Alaska is worth more than half that of all other furs put together (the fur seals being - excluded), after that tke others coming in their order of value of catch",- being ; marten (sable), blackfox, beaver,. rod ; fox, cross fox," land otter, blue -fox, mint, lynx, white fox, brown bear, muskrat, black bear and wolf. ' . -f PRACTICAL ART. -Some Recent Achievements iu That Line. Twenty miles is the distance penetrated by the improved fog-signals now in use. This power, it appears, is gained by two slotted cylinders, one fixed and the other revolving in it. The slots, as they pass one another, stop or cut off the passage of con^pressed air or steam, thus causing a series oTvibrations, and, consequently, a musical note, the pitch of which depends upon the speed of the revolving cylinder. In order to vary this note it is only necessary to control this velocity; The double-note horn is formed with a. casing, withiu which area fixed slotted cylinder and a revolving cylinder moving upon a spindle. The slots aro formed in oach cylinder at opposite in clined angles, so tbat the motive fluid impinging against a number of inclinr ed places causes the inner cylinder to revolve with great rapidity, carrying two disks. These are attached to the common spindle, and upon their peripheries are pressed levers, -inder the action of small pistons operated by diaphragms, to rhe outer surface of which compressed air is admitted. Oue brake is put on for a high note, both brakes for a low note. Large quantities of timber are now creosoted at the West in a special manner, for railroad purposes, the effect bein^ to increase the tenacity of the wood for holding spikes, etc., as well as its density and ability to resist mechanical wear. This is done by means of an apparatus consisting of. a boilerr or-linHm- ni' *i ;>i?nnteri tr> tlio ruw/ ?v., timber; this cylinder is o? a streugth sufficient to resist 300 pounds prossure per square inch, and bias a track ^extending for its whole4eugth alo&g the bottom, the cylinder'^ ends being closed by strong ixon doors,_atr and wafer ti^ht. When timber has been ran into the cylinder and the doors closed, sMim at about 100 pounds pressure 'is ejected into the cylinder, "the. supply, continuing as required' by the nature and dryness of the wood; the steam is then shut off. and vacuum pmmps worked ris long as any liquids or vapors art; obtained, the hot preserving liquid - ? -.it-' it oeiag now.rujj jutu me ujuuuer uuiu the "reservoir until full. The force pumps are again operated until tho interior pressure is sonielOO pounds per inch, and kept thus until sufficient preservative :fiuid is forced into tho p.orejS of the wood; the force pumps- are now -shut off, and tho creosote oil or other liquid contained in the cylinder, is discharged in'a-suitable cistern, after1 which the doors at the ends of the cylinder are^openeu a:id the car carrying tiie timber-of lies run ont.__ _ A gre^Cf&fciny napfkin^jafiEDther articles of,ij5e?ulncss are' novy made j in Europ^f^m^lLo bark of-^tbc paper mulberry, ; The bai-k ioi?^ics&">purpo?es is first, dried in tberair fir two. or thr^e-rfsjsjtacii plunged ;for' tw-entyfoifriljbars in ^current xjf jfresh wsctefc, aftfer. which. vY^h the^ijiof pAr.ti.oularkind of cord; tue-tvro &peeies\^of tibres&f. whicjh -Hfcis*'c'onip w&ed are ?separafejL?---Xjii> interior fibres those from- -which' line '.paper is j made? they afcs r6flec& iktp t bada weighing iabpat tliirty-^e'~potukte^cach,T WhicliVire Wsbed^ anew in running / wkter,._ in #hicfr t^ey'^e^-allosrcd fto (soak La sifevjfc tim^thaii -p.rei^b^sly, anU "are then1#rled; finatly"^bey -are bbifed'iin iye made irom the ashes, of? buckwheat Hour, constat ^rriD^&i&g- kept up; ] another washing in pure water carries away the last impurities, and the-fibres arc next pounded' with hammers of wood.for. about twenty minutes; after this they are a second time rolled into balls, and finally transformed into palp, rice-watcr being m?xed with -it. The subsequent treatment of the pu>p is identical with, that of the ordinary manufacture'of p&jjer. "Leather paripr" is nhfcrnnad br the sunernositirm of many sheets of -the material previously steeped in "yonoko," pressed, afid glazed with "sheilas." The operation has been successfully accomplished by a German chemist of 'separating. rags' of cotton and wool mixeii-oy subjecting them to the action of a jet of superheated- steam. -Un a pressure of five atmospheres wool melts and sinks to the bottom of the receptacle; while cotton, linen, and other vegetable fibres stand,' thus remaining suitable for paper manufacture. The liquid mud which contains the wool precipitated by this means is then desiccated; the residue, to which is given the name of azotine,' is ' completely .soluble in watea, and is valuable on. account cf its nitrogen. The increased value of the pnlp free from wool is sufficient to cover-the cost of the process.?New. York Sun. I A Kissing Hero . When Gen. ~ Sherman was in Ed ivardsviiie, ill., tne omer aay, several little circumstances occurred which were not down on the bills and would nor :be meniioned- were it not for the fact that the ladies recently -visited by the oscnlatory-hero h^e: been heralded far and near as making such favorable impressions upon the general as to render irresistible the impulse to kiss them., .The,young ladies of Ed"wardsville are just as attractive as those of any other-city, and the general, with his experience, was quick to. note this fact. After the :-G. A. R. exercises, the other night, the stage of the opera-house was invaded by a bevy of young ladies, who_were to rehearse a cantata. The gray-bearded veteran struggled manfully to 'maintain his hard-earned reputation of kissing each pretty girl he meets, but found himself very busy kissing every lady introduced, as there were no exceptions to the general's mle, including only pretty girls. - His well-known pcnchant had preceded him, and one young lady "just vowed -she wouldn't let him kiss her," but before she knew it the wily veteran grasped both her hands and planted squarely on her mouth a kiss, unlike the Henry *Y. kiss in that it was not lingering in its character, but sounded like a plank had cracked. -The affair was'evidcntly reii'shod by all bnt the young gentlemen Who witnessed, but were not. .allowed to participate, and regretted that they had not eopne into tho world early ehoqgb to have won fame, and become veterans in the late unpleasantness-?Louisville Commercial . I It .has been lately discovered that the body of John T?oxe, author of the famous "Book of Martyrs," was interred oh tho south side of the chanoel of St. * Giles' Church, Cripplegate, London, of which church and parish he was for some time vicar. A slab which had been overlaid has been found on the' " ? ; J 1 ' . western wau ox saau uuutujj, ueanug theioiiowing; inscription: "John Foxe, thfemost faithful martyro^cgist of - the pharch of England, the post saap&obs most valiant'defeniicr of-'ine evangelical troth, a wondrous-wprk6r:of:mif3cies, who presented .the-' Marian ihartrrs, like phoenixes, alive from their ashes." _ The Power of a Physician. "The art of the physician can do much to remove its subjects from deadly and dangerous influences, and something to control or arrest the effects of these influences. But look at the records of the life-insurance offices, and see how uniform is the action of nature's destroying agencies. Look at the annual reports of the death in any of our great cities, and see how their regularity approaches the uniformity of the tides, and their variations keep pace with those of the'seasons. The inundations of the Nile are not more certainly to be predicted than - the-vast wave of infantile disease which flows in upon all our great cides with" the growing heats of july?than the fevers and dysenteries which visit ;our rural districts" in the months of the "falling leaf.-- :: v'.'Tho " nh-eo5f>i??n wfitohfis tliasa changes JRS: the-^troaomer watches the rise of the great jiTer.r He longs to. rescue individa&ls; to protect- communities frbn^th^inroadi of these destroying ag^<^j^Ho-*ass& ali,,the-means which: experience-has approved, tries every r&tionai jncthod which" ingenuity can suggest Some-|o3rtunate recovery: leads him- to he Ifcis hit upon a .preventive or. -s rchre-ior a malady yrMc^-h^;resistM;i^i^^wn rcme&es,' - ^^res'ca^;rpatient':'soTQfids his praises, -andVu of--h?patient's friends "joins- m :ar. chorus "Of eulogies- Seifflov^e applauds-, him" for his sagacity.;,Self-invest' i congratulates him on his. having. 'fbundtEerbad to fortune;'- the'^nse of- h^ying,pwfV6d a-benefactor of- hitk- race-smooths the pillow,on which- he lays.i^-hea^;to dream of ;t^'vbrillknt future opex^g before him- If a ; singJe colncideEce mav lead a Person bf-Sfta^uine disriosi tion to believe- that he has mastered. a disease1 which has baffle*! all-whowere before-his ij^c^and.oiLwhich.his iontemporaries looked in hopeless impotence, what1 must be-the effect 'of a series of such coincidences even on a mind of calmer temper! Such series of coincidences will happen, and they may well deceivc the very elect. Think of Dr. Rush?you know what a famous man he was, the very head and front of American medical scienco in his day? and remember how he spoke about yellow fever, which he thought he had mastered. "Thus the physician is entangled in the meshes of a wide conspiracy, in which he and his patient and their friends, and- Nature herself are involved. What wonder that the -history of medicinc should be to so groat an extent a record of self-delusion! "If this seems a dangerous concession to the enemies of the science and art of healing, I will remind you that It is all implied in the iirst aphorism of' Hippocrates, the Fat' ir of Medicine. Do not draw a wrong inference from the frank statement of'the difficulties which beset .the medical practitioner. Think rather, if truth is so hard, of attainment, how precious ai*e the results which the consent of the wisest and most experienced among the healers of men agrees iu accepting. Think what folly it is to cast them aside in favor of palpable impositions stolen from the records of forgotten charlatanism, or of fantastic speculations spun from the squinting brains of theorists as wild as the Egyptian astronomer. "Begin your medical studies, then, by reading the fortieth and the follow mgfour chapters oj &asseias, *our first lessou will teach ydu modesty $nd caution in the pursuit of the most der ceptive of all practical branches of knowledge. Faith will como later, when you learn how much medical science and. art have actnally achieved for the relief of mankind1, and how great are the promises it holds out of still larger triumphs over the enemies of human health and happiness.1'^ Oliver Wendell llolmes, in July Atla,n'! i "ni ' The Extent of Human TrafeL The moyemeqt of persons has undergone quite as important a growth as that of goods. In the "Review of the World's Economy," already named, the number of passengers carried by all the railroads in all parts of - the world, in 1882, is estimated-at 2,400,000,000, or an average of six and half million a, day. The absolute number of passengers carried on steamers is smauer; dul nere, as wag aiso me cast with goods, they are carried for longer distances, and more days' journeys, than on railroads; so that, estimated by the mile or ' the day, the amount both of freight and passenger work the steamers do will appear to much better advantage. - The significance of the facilitation of passenger transportion is derived principally from its effccts on social conditions, civilization, and customs. One' of the most important of these effeets is illustrated in emigration, which has assumed grand dimensions under the I operation of the new-methods ol .communication. Of the twelve and a. half million emigrants who. went to the tjnited States between the recognition of. thoif independence, and 1888, not more than a million belong to the time previous to the-.establishment of regular passenger communication by steamer vrith Europe, about 1844. As a'result of the establishment of this method of communication,':and ofthe building of railroads that opened the Mississippi Valley and the western part of the continent, emigration assumed colossal proportions. Besides the amelioration of the voyage, which has bepopip an affair of not mere than ten or twelve days, for emigrantvessels, the improved fare, the cheaper rate of passage, and the1 punctuality and increased "safety of the transit, may be marked as circumstances contributing to this result?Eerr C. Eerzog, in Jfopular Science Monthly. Mr. Charles A. Dana relates the following reminiscence of Andrew Johnson, whom he met in a hotel in Richmond, immediately after the Union troops had entered the city. On shaking hands, Mr. Johnson began to express his views concerning the necessity of severe punishment for the chiefs of the confederacy. To which Mr. Dana replied; "Why urge these opin\ir\r\r\ moO Afr T.innnln will Via here this morning; or to-morrow, and he'has the decision of the question." "I know that," rejoined Mr. Johnson, "but the subject is of such moment, and it is so necessary that an example be made, that I wish to argue the question with every gentleman I meet." Pocket-knife making is practically dead in Naugat"ck. A few years ago four factories werb running to their fullest capacity, giving employment to hundreds of men, and supplying the country with thousands of gross of pocket cutlery annually. Not a single knife is being made to-day, and the chances are far-from promising that the industry will ever'bo revived to any extent v Hints for Housewives. Preserves and cranberries, if stewed together, make delicious filling fur pies or for. tarts, or may oveu be used as sauce. Odd and antique- chests or -tables are placed ia hall alcoves, and are orna mented with statueites. The cardbasket stands in tho centre on a.fancy mat. J The -gravy made from roast lamb is much improved in ilavor if a few thin slices.of bacon are laid over and under the roast.; r! ; If the surface of frnit-jellics is covered one-fourtii of an inch, deep with loaf-sugar, fin$y pulverized, they will "keep-in good condition and no mold jrenetrate; " The newest sofa cushions are made three-quarters of a yard square, and are filled with,fine featliers instead of down. Plush forms one'side, and fine felt cloth the..other. Quaiat lifctl?i foot-stools are .made of plush or velyet with "Best thy weary | feet", embroidered in one corner, and a large satin ribbon bow placed on the opposite corner. Bed-room curtains.for the.winter are 'made veiy "full and heavy, without bor ing looped back. . Crimson cotton plush is used for. them and is really ttiAU WJUTUl OS W-UJJ. <*?> UXJCiiy. "* A-1 great convenience in the bathroom or above; the wash-stand is a splasher made of enamel clothe with tWo or three pockets. Bind the edges frith scarlet braid. The packets are useful for holding brushes, a sponge, and other such articles. ; ; Blotters are made quite ornamental .by cutting them any shape that is lied, ana fastening four or five together by a-delicate ribbon 'bow; on the outer blotter paint in water /colors is8me pleasjtut.design?Greenaway figu??s; or a bunch of flowers. In some cdses. a little calendar is combined with the design, which renders them more' / How varnished paint may be cleaned. ? Save the tea leaves; from the teapot for a. few days; then put them, into a tin pan, with water enongh to cover well; let them' simmer on the back of the stove for half an hour, then strain and add water enough to go over the paint with; use..a flannel cloth, and wipe the paint dry. A very bright polish will be given, and all traces of -feiger marks will be Temoved. To take out grease or fresh paint ? Use chloric ether, rubbing it on the grease-spots. For paint, the ether should be applied Jon the other side. Benzine is almost equally good, but must. not" be used near the fire or gas. If candle-grease has dropped on the floor, lay . a coarse folded Wown paper over it and smooth' with a hot iron, which draws it out; If trace remains, cover it with French chalk for an hour. . Undercut of shoulder of Mutton.-rRub.it with salt and pepper, fill the inside' with a .stuffling of,bread-crumbs, butter and herbs; roS it. up into a ,neat shape, binding it with.tape. PutiLin a^fcw-nan with two; onions, two .carrots, some herbs, pepper, salt, and a little stock' of cold water. Cover and stew or braise it sent!v over a slow fire, or in the oven/ and baste it** often. When almost done, take off; the; cover and'let the meat, brown in the oven. Before serving, remove the tape and place the meat on a dish to keep hot in the oyeg ^hile yoq. ? train the gravy and boil it .down to.a strong glazing.Pour this over the meat; an4 if yon like,, put tomato, sauce, around the meat .on . the platter. Specialism in Medicine. If specialists ^d not meet a distinct want they would soon be driven off the field. It 3s .idle to inquire whether in this -instance the demand created the supply, or vice versa; all that, we are concerned -withv here is. the fact that the public voice decisively approves of the existence .;of specialists. .-.^This is. Convincingly demonstrated as . ;time. goes on by the increasing confidence which is placed in their opinion and advice. A striking confirmation of this is- afforded by the circumstance , that when medical men have, sickness in their own. families 'they put prejudice aside ancLinvoke tbe assistance of the despised specialist. In my own pro yince it is my pleasure ana my privilege to treaty large number of my professional brethren with whose personal ailments or those of their wives and children I am occupied during a considerable portion of each working day. Many other specialists are doubtless recipients of the like indisputable. sincere form of compliment The growing favor with which * specialism is looked on by tlie public is also fully recognized by young physicians, and still more by successful gcnoral practitioners ambitious of emerging into the more-rarefied a tmosphere of consulting work." The press of competition is so fierce in the present over-crowded state of the medical }?;*uiession ;that unless a man has sonic peculiar and decided advantage oyer-the general run of-lus fellows he stands no chance of coming to the front Something more is necessary nowadaj's for success in the higher walks of medicine than mere gener- : al - ability. - Supreme talent wul,- of . course, ultimately; find its >level, unless kept down by^ accident; or misfortune; but for the average clever man there is little prospect of brilliant success unless he has (or can persuade- the world he has) the power of doing some- par ticular thing better than any one- else," I; er at any rate pre-eminently welL?Dr. Morell Mackenzie, in. FoTtrdgjhJXy Review. Dietetic Errors as a Catisc of Disease. I have come to the conclusion that a : proportion amounting at least to more < than one-half of the disease which im- i bitters the middle and latter part'of i life among the middle and npper class- < es of the population is due to avoidable errors' in diet Further, while such disease renders so much of 'life*, for : many, disappointing, unhappy, and : profitless, a term of painful endurance, i for not a few it shortens life considerably, It wx>uld not be a difficult task? i ahd its results if displayed here would i Kn ctrTTrinar?tn aridnnn in sunnorfc of ] these views a numerical statement "i showing causes which prematurely < terminate life among the classes refer- < red to in this country, based upon the i Kegistrar-General's reports, or by con- ; suiting the records of life-assurance ex- j perience. I shall not avail myself of ' these materials in this place, although j it would be right to do so . in the columns of.a medical journal. My object ( here is to call the attention of the pab j lie to certain facts about diet which are 1 insufficiently 'known, and therefore in ad- i equately appreciated. And I shall assume that ample warrant for the ob- ] servations made here is within my j reach, and can be made available if re- j quired.?Sir Henry Thompson, in Pop- : ular Science, Monthly for JiUv. j i I . v"---/-<. ?gg Romanes .of Governess. Accompanying Mrs. Lily Langtry on her first tour in Ibis country as part of her company were two English, actresses who appeared under names which it is not necessary now to mention. The names, says the New York Tribune, were assumed for ?tagc purposes, their real family name being Warden. They, were not as handsome as the profes-, si'onal' beauty in whose train they followed, hut ihey wore comely enough to look upon, and Miss Florence Warden w.i'S a lady of other abilities than those which luted her for an -actress, for she wax a charming story-teller, and" latterly she has put this* special ability to" profitable use in.the writing of some interesting romances. If she badnot chosen to pu.-fiish anonymously she wouH almost have made fame for herself with the general public, as she has with those who detected her identity as the writer of the books in question.1 Miss Blank, the actrcss, or .Miss. Florence W arden, as she is now known," ty-pile on th<r. stage !used frequently to* ttHJ-of an ativentnroi shdhad' .met with, when quite young, and -which as she would briefly relate it, was particularly fascinating to her friends, and' -she had often to retoll - it at the request of friends who desired others to know it When a young girl of 18 years she bad answered an advertisement of a man who wanted a governess for a child, and who particularly specified that the governess "must be youag." This was-rather a suspicions specification, but on inquiry the advertiser was found to be a man of good reputation in his neighborhood. brHe explained the peculiar advertisement by Stating that- he had an invalid wife who was of a gloomy temperament. The govern ess was expected not only to relieve the wife of the care of her child, ;but also to endeavor to cheer her up.; After being installed the - governess -discovered evidences that the wife Was predisposed to iusanity. A servant was. s^t as a watch-over the wife, and' she became a spy upon the governess, because; as tne governess tnougnt, tne authority in the house was . deputed to her and taken from the servant. This jealousy went so far as to attempt to disfigure the governess by causing her to fall down the stairway, but; the. attempt resulted only in the servant's own destruction. Many mysterious persons came and went; tho master and the servant'moved about the rooms noiselessly;1 the master did not sleep in his own house: and the -governess was put in a room in the turret far above the ground; while the wife, of whom the master was evidently fond, was made to sleep in a -cold, close -room' like a damp cell. The mah himselff was a particularly winning 'person, with fine literary, musical and artistic totes; a good painter; -and an accomplished Vi-' olinist, with a peculiar habit of lockinghimself in his study and playing for hours at a time. But when thus performing in' seclusion -his playing was inferior to his public performauce;' the difference was so great as to-cause re marK- - . - - The'governeso fell, in love with the man in spite of the fact that he was married, and;: though-she recognized her danger, and onco resolved to leave the house, she was so fascinated: by him as. to be prevailed on to remain. Mysterious robberies were committed in the neighborhood, and the master of the house skillfully directed the pursuit of the robbers. He had planned a trip for his sick child to Italy in care of the f overness, who was to be chaperoned y her .mother and escorted by himself. Circumstances directed the attention of the young governess to persons whom she suspected of the robberies, and she joined her employer, in directing- pursuit of ' the men. - At length they wore caught through informatioii.given by the governess, and the leader of the band, was found to be ?her employer. His wife proved to have long been a helpless victim of his iron will, whom he had pnfc up in a cell of a room to kill her gradually. The servant had been his. .accomplice in numerous, forgeries; and the mysterious persons who went and came about the house were men who gave this master the information on whioh he planned some of the most daring robberies. The men were tried in London about ten years ago, amid the utmost excitement, and the young lady was the chief witness. The "Cajnns." Commissioner Harris, of Louisiana, showed several pieces of homespun cotton goods which he says were mode by the "Cajuns." "Who are they?" I asked. The word, he replied, is a corruption of Arcadians, and is applied to the descendants of those people whose settlement in Louisiana ws?. immortalized in Longfellow's "Evangeline." Then, turning to the map, h? showed me where the.- "Cajuns" live, and gave an account of their homes and the;r; simplicity: of Jife. Inolam words he verified : the words; of Basil, the blacksmith, as to the beauty of the country and fertility of the soil and the ease in which they lived. They are almost like;the "lilies of the field" in their freedom from toil. In a . little patch around their houses they cultivate what cotton they need for their wearing apparel and such vegetables as they use. .:: When the spring rains-.<jease: they go out upon the prairie and examine the depressions, from 'one to fiye acres in patent, which, are then ponds of water, a f found to be not more than eighteen ;nches deep they prepare to sow their rice. First they soak" their seed thoroughly then scatter it broadcast oyer the pond from the backs of horses. The weight of the soaked rice causes it to sinl>, and they have no further care for their crop until the harvest time comes. Should a drought prevail in spring they then scatter the seed upon the dry ground. To prevent the birds of the air from devouring it, the "Cajun" looks out- over the prairie where his herds are, and riding to the nearest he drives the cattle back and forth over the seed until it has been trodden into tne sou. Then putting up the light fence around his rice plantation he goes home satisfied. In July his crop is ready for harvesting. For this he uses a sickle, tossing the sheaves as?they fall into his cart This is a cumbrous affair of wood, even to the wheels and axles. No iron is used in its construction. The oxen are not yoked, but the tongue is made East to loops fastened to their horns. The sheaves are spread out upon the prairie and the grain is trampled out by the oxen, as it used to be when the sdict went forth: "Thou shalt not mozsle the ox that treadeth out the corn." rhe grain is swept together, sacked, carted home, and emptidd into a bin. When any is needed for a meal the * " n. Housewiie wuces a SUmcienuy, ^uu*^ into a wooden handmill of simple con-' struction, rubs off the hulls in a few minutes, winnows it in a sieve, and soon has it cooking. The commissioner showed oa a mag. i a place where, for six miles, the chief crop of the "Cajuns" is gathered frorri the orange trees. In selling this crop a singular custom prevails. When the I trees are blooming, a buyer, the 1 "diego" (why so called no one seems to know) appears among them. After t a week of conference, daring which he i and they have had repeated whittling- matches, a bargain is struck for the j season's crop,, one-half.is. paid down in cash and security j^ivenfor the balance, , and then the t*Cajtnis'J ' enjoy their dolcefar niente with "frdm $1,600 to' * ?2,000 in hand for every liead :of the v family, and as much more secured for * ; the future. Basil, the. blacksmith, did not err when he told Evangeline of the h wealth of these teeming lowlands.? c New Haven Palladium^ . * -: ! s Horace Greeley. i . . I "Well, well, here is a volnme that is I becoming quite rare these days," ex- i claimed a book-worm in a second-hand ; book stored? other day .as-his-eye fell r ; pn a worn ?uid'znusty-.-tome. "What I c ]&ow Abottt Farming." .,uWj?iefogfo. ? body knows this is the book Writtefa;by; . Horace Greeley way back in the^'fr^s. Perhaps the Tisin^ "generation may be texcepted, as the'-book- is 'now out of prmt^uad^wUIibe a cnriosity iJi & halt score years hence. ."Atone time it was _ pretty extensively read- It is. difficult " to say, however, that much or any' f benefit was derived from its perusaL"; 5 ' res," retorted the party addressed, "Horace was at great man in -his time. _ fc It is not so very long since he-lias en- ; itered eternity, yet his name is^now d hardly ever mentioned^ - 3t was'ever n thus.. Man's deeds* be they good or e bad, they do not remain long fresh,aft-- tl er the author is gone." Occasionally a flash of his wit is repeated, a line from n his sayings is- borrowed, but-it does j, not induce posterity in -the least:, in re- tj membering, much jess in reverencing j\ his memory. Duinng the forty odd years that fiorace edited * the Tribune, every editorial,, every farm article," 6 every news item:, every -commercial 0 paragraph, and every advertisement a which appeared in the .paper was cred- * ited to him by. many of his readers and . admirers, reopie iorgot, or <na not y take the time to think, that it was a' n physical impossibility for the prolific n and versatile Horace to. write even o half of the editorials that appeared, while his disquisiti<fns on 'Haw ,'io jt Plant Squashes,' 'How to Raise Cu- S cumbers,' or 'How to Destroy the e: Festive Beetle,'were not so very numf p erous. Greeley, when writing about agriculture, always gave the /How' g part much prominence." - 7" ^ "You seem to. be well posted on' gj Horace,1' Temarked.tho bopk-wonn by ^ way of comment to. the second gentle- * man. "Why, yes; T must.'confess "that* I know a great' deal- about the phHoso-' pher.' - Before and during the best part " of the war I labored at the case at;the ? Tribune office, and on several occa~ ? sioris 'set up1 his copy. ' If you have 11 the time I can relate an incident about old Horace that has never been. print- a ed.It-was justprevious to the:-war n and when Horace was an amateur o: farmer that this event I am about to re- h. late occurred; One day. abetter came 5 to the office bearing the following cab1 alistic letters: H. IE Y.' This is all ^ that was on the envelope except the ?e postmark, which showed that the letter come from Lawrence, K,an. .1 call it a c< Tetter; but it was not " a letter, for on ,j| opening the envelope not a-scrap of ^ paper was found inside, only a crum- 01 pled .$1 note from some Ohio bank. In fc those days letters were sometimes., not ^ prepaid,* and this was hot; consequent- ftT t J I-"11 _ Lt. 1 1 1. . 4.U- L. ly 21 UUtJ-UUJ. WU3 IUC LLLLOsive showing that the sum ol. 3 cents was to be collected. ^..Greeley promptly paid the 3 oents. - Who could 81 be ths^sender, It puzzled the philoso- m pher- just a little only: ,i4Such doings j* can only be placed to the credit of But ^ Reynolds,' mused Mr.. Greeley, 'Bill. PJ always had idiosyncracies, and when he had ' a truck farm out in'Orango ^ county would call, and not 'finding me !? in the sanctum, .would place a dollar w bill for his subscription under a paperweight on my desk and leave. JBill * tola me hewas going'out west to try his luck,' - : ax <?The paper was mailed' to Williain fa Beynolds, Lawrence,.Kan., according er to Mr. G.'s direction*. and upon investi- & gatioh it was found that Greeley's sur- w mise was correct BlIP'ReynoIds was 1. the right party, In -those good old K times we aid -not-have-so many rail- ci roads nor fast-mail trains and the like, w bnt a man could mail a letter without T a stamp, and put only. four, letters oh tc the envelope and it'would reach its n destination. Try t'his experiment now and your letter will go direct to the tl dead-letter office. Too much red tape," H; sighed the typo as he reached for a c< vnlnmc on thfi m<rk shelf bearing the ??< title: "Is Life^orth Living For?''? 11 SjL Louis ScTAtbixcan. '. - tl His CoELfidence Was Shaken. al In the doorway, of,. a Madison. . street ^ cigar store a bright little pug dog sits ? all day on his haunches.. He is chain;- 1, ed to the cigar-lighter' inside, not be-' cause the proprietor fears he might escape, but because they know the habit* and.-practices of the gamins who fre- 03 queht the neighborhood. Last .even- 2] ing a pleasant-looking: young man en- P tered the^tore and purchased-a pack- ln age -oi cigarettes., He looked tired and. e* his eyes were filled with a* very vacant a' stare. It was evident to tho most cas-. " uai observer that the young man' had been drinking. He carefully picked tc the tinfoil off the package- or cigarettes * and tried for some time to pick put ^ one of them. Finally ho tore one side of the package and tucked all but one $< of the lun^-aestroyerslnto his coat-tail 03 pocket This one he lit, and as he was ? lighting it he caught sight ot the dog's e3 .chain. With uncertain gaze he follow- ia ed it along' until it reached the dog. st Then he rubbed his eyes, looked again, re and appeared pretty sure that there d; txroo ft finer in fhfl dnorwav. Stillv he ai ij1" - ? --v" ' was not convinced. He glanced cn around cautiously, saw that no1 one el was looking, and then he whistled soft-, ol ly. The dog did not respond and the s.t young man turned - pale. He whistled & louder, still no response. Then he ui reached out his cane and cautiously poked the dog. His poke gave back a in hollow metallic sound and his hat be pi gan to rise. He dropped, his fresh ei- pi garette, rushed out into , the street* p< boarded an Ogden avenue car and said, ns ?Ck#?Tr /vrtn/lnAfV 1 o mm a rkflF '4: W<?s]y. <*/ ULL&J y VVUUUVV A) vu ? vfc\ 'nton'Home. I've got i em again."? fa Chicago lierald. . - . .. . w .. . ci . - pJ Mis?. Cleveland is the baby of the of Cleveland family. She looks to be 35- of She is a medium-sized woman, inclined m to be petite, with square shoulders, a 0 short neck, and a face sallow in its "i complexion, but decidedly intellectual ' in its features. .From a high forehead little brown curls stand upward,, and m going backward cover her whole head with innumerable ringlets.' cc si / V : ' n . : *: ' - "... i> :. GLE AXTS'G S.. The foreste.oftlierUcited^^^con1>rise 412 species, ofire^Jrelongihg to .58 genera, v The West Point, cadets are allowact o have fourteen pair of white trbuseo^ n the wash, every week. - ' A dog which: can pick out cattle with ds owner's brand upon them Is the ad* airaSion of a Hon tan a town. The common schooTsystem of New )rleans was establishesIt ras modeled exactly after thai of 3osMLss Ella F. Kidd, of Xeeue, Ky^ as'just completed a .crazy, quilt, which ontains 100,000 pieces and 948,688 titches. ' -!? All the.goose^uill tdethpicks areim orted' from France ana Germany. ?hey come in: bundles of 1,000, -and are' Mme. de'Lesseps, -married in 1869,' taraded her twelve children xm the occasion of- her Ferdinand's induction into he ranks' of foe^^mmortafo' ~ ' Mi- ^Vftrd fnnir^ ir> Nineveh ?r tm* ificent lens of rock/ciystal,, which Sir, )avid'Brewster considered a true op& al iens and the' origin of the jrficrtK' The Governor of the Island of SamcS: as -discovered a tunnel measuring; ,000 feet in; length, andjconstructedafc ?ast ninecentjiggs fcglQEe ifte "Christ iariera. : . . i; The horse whij&jS$n. Grant .rode the ay Lee surrendered is owned: in Yer- v ou, Oneida county, N. Y., and nwcrch:d in'the procession. Decoratfon Bay A-Burgeon, who: wished"to. cami>li-_ lent the heroism o'f a soldier who hadast had his leg amputated,, told him ' liat he had stood it j^^W^omsn.? Jew, York NeifisZ^ ^ \ The JetDej&s Circular siis tliat upm p in the history of jewelry thi?? onfltiy Haver coloredstones, both gem* nd semi-precious stones, bees more in. squest than now.. r ' . :T ^ . , , -The consump^,p| chocol^i*this, ountry is,largely on the increase,- on? , lanufacturerstatingthatlastyear ha iade 1,500,000-pounds arid:iise<ra?Ott f isngar'a^ay' ' i'zirscIt is the poptfl&^fancy in Scotland tstiioir to heap honors uponBurts. everal monuments " have just! beea :eeted,-;or are under way in different arts of the country. * An epicurean dpctof says, that in orer ?o obtain the full flavor of bufter i6 bread upon which'it fis-spread: i tould be. introduced- into: the mouth' ith thebutteredsurface downward- Newspapers ia ail parts .of the co.uny are paying**muefe~4e3s-' attention ian formerly to roller-rink, news, 'hich fact would, seem to indicate that opular interest in the pastimeis aiat4 ' ' v ? :v : ; : ' The telegraphers lite country h&va mutual benefit; association - with' a lembership of 2,800 and a reserve fund f <&/ri aaa it L v^>vvv. wuivo iUJ vigauMMMWu *#, as paiti to heirs of members. over ' 250,^000. O* A Ne w Orleans' letter ?ay3 a pecoHary of the young Southerners male' of male, is their early "betrothal '' and rentful marriage, a condition' that - ~ jnsliy hinders undue dissipation, even the desire exists. As a rulefewer; .rgrce. suits encumber the records, of/ i?.courts than in the North; a reason* r-which I am at a loss to give; not; jlievlng that climate has any inflaice^over it whatever. A rich Georgia land-owner sentfor a;' iighbor and proposed that if he would, ipport him wfcfle" alive, foraisi him edical attendance, and bniy him demtly, he.wouldt:make*Jfiim"a deed to s land. The trade was- closed, the mks? i^AAtivvii 1 lAftr uianut ouu '?* mwwi ?m vuw . _ nt for. The result was that the lor- mate neighbor of the rich- man was .possession of his estate, within a! eek. Doctorsare indispensable ra: ' >me emergencies?(Ft)i reePress- ...; ? " \ An interesting. estimate of the nountj ih weight, of one inch ofrsinII on one acre .of ground is Ihus ^ytO inches squaredTSSrTohe inchdeep ouldgive thit'.'nu^/'iqtiare'ih^&^s; 728 cubic inches ra ake one cubic foot. % ain one inch deep would give S..6SQ. ibic .feet A cubic foot, of water eighs 62jr l&undsV 2.000 mate a ton- V his mU: give 226,875 pounds, or 113 ms and 875 pounds to the ittCOi <?' iin one inch deep. The Scientific American approves of. 10 proposal to. establish a" chain of jht-ships' jujrpss. the Atlantic.. Tt insiders the general- idea;'good,"'and, ' 5 to its practicability,- it states- that te experience with light-ships proves tat a-VesscPproperly constructed may 3 made ride out -the Aeircesfe stomas, ; anchor, save upon rare occasions, id that the light steel' cabl?"ofre ;nt consirucuon -Have utxu suuvoaatrlily used to anchor sMps-ifi' the deepit5ratei>,<off Soundings.-*' Cocaine,the ^remarkable; ??&?-: est which anaesthetizes mucousmcrarauei and has siuiplified:many minor derations on the'eye, ^ ; very v costly enee it is not.surprising to hear that, i Paris at ail e ve n ts,. the msnufactur* s endeavor to obtain as much.^af the, kaloid as possible b^^bmlttmg the >coa leaves to a-second process, of esxlustionl 'i'helrestdt is Very similar. : that which follows attembts'tomske second infusion oat of already e&' lusted tea leavefc sUi , The New -England Meteorological jciety proposes to find out this sumei: all it can about chtmdeMtornjir id to that end invites observers-lap ;erv to wain 2vew England to unite. , marking the leading features of such onus as come within their- ken, and ip'ort to headquarters. The 'simpl^t, ita'are such as can be gathered 4jy II? wii? kiwnno ly UUC 4 UV x am . W^IH.| . .w. ?w^r xeetion oi the win^4snt^:cl.x?tfi?^ 'c.; while moro.4eUoa^ aridcGiScult jservations, such as -the. height of the Orm clouds, character "of lightning ishes," and velocity of Triad, are to beldertaken. by specialists. Mr. Matthew Arnold made a mrgtaVwr . giving London as tho authority forronunciation. There are'many words onormced differently different ;ople in London. The House of Comons has been always recognized and :cepted as authority, though-net.!^ tlible, and most of its leading 'men ; mm ere educated at Oxford, where Walk-" is regarded as the best authority for ronunciation. Bqt even in tbe.lloase Commons there iiave been differences pronunciation among the leading. ^ : mm* en. Both Lord John Bussell aha Cpnnell always prounced "either" ither," and "obliged'1 "obleeged.* 1? Victor- Hugo always wrote -io the oruing, and made so many alterations his ncanuscript that a page w&<*a mpletetf is said to have looked like a