University of South Carolina Libraries
THE EDUCATION OF TI1E YOUNG ArIERICAN FARflER. By W. M. Beard.<hear, Presidcn I o wa State College, 4mex, 1our(1, aid of the National Educational A>: Sociation. Among the naarvels of progress at the opening of the new century is what thA state colleges of agri culture and mechanic arts are doing for the farmer and the me chanic. The yourg farmer is given a thorough scientific ac quaintance w:ith the soil, the plant, the animal and their com mercial relations. He learns the characteristics of various soils, the. methods necessaty for the successful tilling of each, and meteorology ia relation to all. He is taught the choicest methods in raising the standard field crops. Each season he passes through experimental investigation and observation of raising forty or fifty different varieties of wheat, as many and. more spccies of grasses, through numerous ex perimentation:3 with corn, and so on throughout the range of do mestic plant life. In agricultu ral chemistry he studies the com position and nature of the soils, analyzes the plant life and the foods in feediag. In the botani cal laboratories he studies noxi ous weeds and the best means of their destruction. In entomoloyg he studies the life and habits of injurious insects, their effect on plant and animal life and the most suitable remedies for their ravages. The young farmer is taught the laws of heredity, selec tion and variation as fundamental to stock breeding and rearing. The most prominent of these ccl leges keep (n hand only pure bred animals as object lessons of the several breeds for the student in animal husbandry. He is taught the comparative merit of these breeds. Mutton and wool sheep, the dairy cow, the best beef-producing animals are studied with a sole view of de termining what is advisable and desirable for the farmer. questions arisaing like that ing swine for bacon o d, the most suitable ag irtheir marketing, and the t method of their'feeding ar pursued Ino t faithfully. The a compi te m of me for e he studies most t ix connection with the live animal in the recitation room, and though young in years, becomes an ex pert stock judge able to compete and frequently surpass gray. haired men who have spent their lives in the study of these ani mals. The practical money side of raising these animals is fol lowed with marked painstaking and eminent results. Young ani mals of the leading breeds are estimated from the sire and the dam regarding the cost of food, handling and worth of product, all the way to the butcher's block and the cash results. The rela tive merits of the dairy animals with their cost per day, their re ward of p:rofit and permanent value to the owner are determined with remark able skill and clear ness. The losing money battle over a poor animal of any kind is portrayed and the relative merits of animals of varying breeds for aspecific purposes, like the sheep for mutton or wool, hogs for bacon or Lard, cattle for milk or beef, horses for drafting, roading or speeding, are all scien tifically determined and the re sults tabulated for the coming farmer. In the dissecting room the anatomy of domestic animals is studied a~s carefully as that of the human subject in the medical colleges. The causes and reme dies of animal diseases are gone over thoroughly, con tagious di. seases are largely checked and many minor diseases affectiug~ do mestic animals are brought unde reasonable contrul. Herein me are trained for government servis in meat inspection), inspectio , 0 vessels, cars and yards -g ii i~s infectious diseases, andi for th. secnring of proper sa'iitary c ditions in stock yarak, and all thd rapidly widening wor k of th~ United States Bureau of Atii Husbandry. Intermingled with these stud ies is a large quantity of liberal learning in languages, saiences, history and philosophy. Through the efficient management of Hon. James Wilson, United States Secretary of Agriculture, ap proved graduates of the best of these colleges are given post graduate work in connection with some bureau in the Department of Agriculture at Washington, D. C., with a sufficient annuity to pay their expenses. In a word the educated young farmer of the day, graduating from one of the best colleges of agriculture and* y.1 mechanic arts of this county, has an education comparable with that of the young man entering any one of the professions. These colleges also are taking prominent in the higher educa tion of wowan. They are giying her equal advantages with her brother for a better educa tion and a completer life. In domestic science, the sanitary conditions of the full life in the home are most thoroughly taught. Intellectual and practical home making and home keeping are taught by actual demonstration in the Department of Domestic Economy. They are taught re garding the location, construction, finishing, furnishing, lighting, heating and keeping of the home; the buying, analyzing, testing and serving of foods; the selecting, designing. making arid keeping of the clothing. All this work is intermingled with the liberal arts and sciences through a four-year college course fitting a young woman for any station of life, from kitchen to the white hou;e after graduation. The term "alternate husbandry" referring to the rotation of crops had its rise the past century. With the opening of the present' century there is a new "alternate husbandry" that cultures the farmer as fundamental to the best evolution of the plant and the domestic animal. Scientific agri culture helps to make ten acres do what one hundred acres used to do. It develops the possi bilities of a better soil, a larger plant, a fuller harvest and a fatter oocket-book. It teaches the breed ing of better animals and more profitable markets. It makes twenty cent butter out of the same materIal as the former twelve cent butter. It harmonizes the points of the plow and the pen. It merges country and town with a betterment to both. The tele phone, the electric railway, the daily rural mail and express are now within the reach of many farm homes. The rural schools will soon take on a fundamental trend in elementary agriculture, horticulture and domestic science. The time is in sight for many now living to find the educated farmer among the most intelli ge t, thrifty and independent of A erican citizens. ThomaaJef erson claimed that the greatsi service a man could do to hie couniry was an introduction of a useful plaut, especially a neiw bread grain. The colleges of agri. culture and mechanic arts are introducing the choicest bread grains ever nurtured on Americar soil-the educated young farn man and woman. For Over Fifty Years. Mrs;. Winslow's Soothing Syrup has been used for over fifty years by mil lions of miothers for their children: while teething, with perfect success. It soothes the child, softenis the gumis, allays all pain, cures wind eolic, and( is the best lemedy for diarrhuea. It will relieve the poor little sufferer immediately. Sold by all druggists in every part of the world. Trwenty-five cents a bottle. Be sure and ask forn "Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syrup," and take no other kind. 1-1-17 Charleston Exposition Rates via the Southern Railway. On account of the South Caro lina Inter-State and West Indian Exposition to be held in Charles ton, S. C., beginning December 1st,, 1901, the Southern Railway will sell excursion tickets to Charleston and return at the fol lowing attractive rates from Rock Hill, S. C.: For $9.50, tickets on sale daily, limited to return June 3rd, 1902. For $7.00, tickets on sale daily, limited to return ten days. For 84.20, tickets on sale Tues (lays and Thursdays, limited to return seven days. Correspondingly reduced rates from other points. The Southern Railway operates 1>uble daily trains on convenient ~chedules with Pullman sleepers to and from Charleston, S. C. For further informnati on apply so W. L.. McGee, T. P. A., An .usta, Ga.; W. H. Tayloe, A. G. R. A., A tlanta, Ga.; J. P. Forney, Agent, Rlock Hill, S. C.; R. W. Elunt, D. P. A., Charleston, S. C. Curea Ecz.-ma~ and I t -hing' Humecrs Through the nluod.-uusts . othxin g to '1 ry. B. B. I" ( Botanie Blood Bahn) is a certain and sure cure for~ ezema, itching skin, hnoirs, s ~ibs, seulecs, watery- blist ers, pimple1, , :,ehing bonmes or joints, boils, calrbun~ce', priekling pajin in t he skin, old eating sores, uleers, etc. Botanie Blomi Bahnmi eures the worst anid mntost deep)-seated cases by enr richimg, purifying andl vitailizing thre blood, thereby giving a healthy 1blood supplly to the skin. Other remedies ruiay relieve, hut B3. B. 1B. actually (eure&s, reals every sore, and gives the rich glowv >f health to the skin, making the blood red nourishing. Especially advised for >ld, obstinate eases. D~ruggists, $1. ['rial treatment free and prep~aid by ,vriting Dr. Gillam 213 Mitchell St., AXtlanrta, Ga. Describe trouble and free uedical advice given.1 ~a A Winter Danger--Hot Rooms. While it is true that there are dangers and discomfort from ex. trene cold, it is also true that there is much more sickness and suftering caused in winter by overheated rooms, cars, etc., tl an from the cold. As a matter of fact, nearly all except those who lead an out-of-door life spend the winter in an atmosphere that is warmer than the average summer temperature. This is mostly due to the fact that there is a want of control of the artificial heat that is used in warming our houses, and in some cases for hours at n tine no fresh, cold air is admitted, and no regulation of the supply of heat. The occupant, becoming grad aally used to the increase in temperature, does not notice it, and the breathing of hot air goes on, the system becoming relaxed from the oppressive heat, while the occupant may be under a great mental or phvsical strain, and, as a result of this, there is a prevalence of sickness, including fevers of various kinds, and the people come to the end of winter greatly weakened and debilitated instead of being strengthened, as should be the case, from the ex hilarating, stimulating winter at mosphere. This may be to a cer tain extent charged to careless ness on the ~part of servants and those in charge of heating ap pliances, and this has led to the study of mechanical methods of regulating the heat supply. Among the most effective appliances we know of is what is known as the Powers automatic temperature regulator. This can be applied directly to the heating apparatus, and when the temperature in any given room reaches the point desired, the draughts will be so regulated as to reduce the heat effectually, and on a change of temperature in the room tLe heat supply will be increased. Not only this, but it can be applied to the radiators for steam and hot-water heating, or to registers for hot-airheating, in any special room, as in office buildings, etc , so that each can control the heat of their own apartments.-Health Culture. Do you suffer from piles? If so do not'turn to surgery for relief. DeWitt's 1 Salve will et m ick ly, s saf'eiy, saving . t expe nse an n< to MeMaster Co. Ho0w the Church Will Ultimately Con quer.. Ultimately; the Church is goin; to conquer the world by conquer ing the home; and it can onl: conquer the home by going there more than it does, holding the hands of little children. I? Chris tian nature is ever to take the place of spasmodic evangelism i can only be in this way. Th< lambs must be fed with tender individual solicitude. They mus be taught and loved and traine by men and women who see anc understand that for them this is the loftiest service which they can render to the humani race, and the deepest proof of their own devotion to the Savior of the world, if all Christian parents of the averilge Christian home, and of those homes which fall below the average in faith and intelligence, are to be tatughit to train their childre:2, we all see and know that it cannot be merely through general rebukes and ex hortations from the pulpit. Some one must be what the pastors of former days did in Scotland and in New England-some one must go in the homes as the teaching pastor of the children. We know that the general pastor of a large church cannot do this. He must preach his powerfuil sermons, lhe must fulfill many pu blic functions, he must supervisa the general policy andl work -f the church; give him as his colleague the man who is trained and has conse crated his life to be the teaching past.or. This is the next step in church organization and method. which has been already taken by some congregations, and which promises more than one can say for the future nurture of the Church.-The Christian Century. Moth1ers evryhere praise One \Iinute ('ough (ure for the sufferings it msa relieved ando the li ves of t he.ir little >f thie trouble and1( dr'aws out the ii: lTammaiitioni. Thue elhild ren 's favorite Cough Curen. McMas~ter (Co. A writer in a Boston paper makes this pointed comment 'n Admiral Evans's recent utterance relative to high schools: "Might Lot a New England high shool education have save~d Admiral Evans fr such a sentence as, that every boy anid every girl hiould be taug~ht to work with TUt Js Pills After eating, of a bilious habit will derive great benefit by taking one of these pills. If you have been DRINKING TOO MUCH, they will promptly relieve th e nausea, SICK HEADACHE. and nervousness which follows, restore t h e appetite a n d remove gloomy feel ings. Elegantly sugar coated. Take No Substitute. 'W Inter Homes in Summr Land. Is the title of a very ne it and attractive folder just issu-l by the Southern Railway giving complete information regarding the various winter resorts of health and pleasuie on and reached by its lines, with rates of board, capacity of hotels, names of proprietors, &c. This booklet is in a very con cise and attractive form and will prove valuable to any one con templtting a trip for the winter. A copy may be bad by sending a two cent postage stamp to W. H. Tayloe, A. P. A., Atlanta, Ga. Kodol Dyspepsia. Cure is not a mere stimulant to tired nature. It affords th2 stomach complete and absolute rest by digesting the food you eat. You don't have to diet but ean enjoy all the good food you want. Kodol Dyspel. sia Cure instantly relieves that dis tressed feeling after eating, giving you new life and vigor. MeMaster Co. One of President Roosevelt's Century club friend went with him one night to a vaudeville entertainment. Among the entertainers on the programme was an imitator who gave impersonations of noted men. Mr, Roosevelt was vastly amused by the representation of himself and applauded vigorously. Then he I turned to his friend and asked if the imitation was at all like the real thing. The friend answered that it was an excellent imper sonation. Mr. Roosevelt threw back his head and laughed; "Well," he said, "If I'm like that when I talk I must be one of the funniest things on earth to see.-New York Times. A rfillion Voices thanks o~f Homer Hall, of West Point, ij. Listen why: A severe cold h ~d settled on his Iungs, causin a most obstinate cough. Several physicians said he had consumption, but could not help him. When all thought he was doomed he began to use Dr. King's New Discovery for Con sumption anid writes-"it com pletely cured me and saved my life. I now weigh 227 lbs." It is positively guaranteed for Coughs, Colds and Lung troubles. Price 50c and $1.00. Trial bottles free at McMaster Co.'s. The famous Gattis-Kilgo case was decided again Saturday night after six days' trial. Defendants' at'orneys felt sure that they would win, but the jury afts-r being out. several hours brought in a verdict for the plaintiff in the sum of $15,030. Kilgo, Duke and Odell were the defendants. The jury excepted Odell from th3 vei dict, so it stands against Kilgo and Duke. Their attorneys gave notice of appeal. Lewis Ockerman, Gioshen, ind: "De Witt's Little Early Risers never bend mec double like other pills, but do their work thoroughly and make me feel like a boy." Certain thorough, gentle. McMaster Co. The Battle3 Abbey, built by order of William the Conqueror, on the field of Hastings, was sold1 at public auction la-t week for S1,000,000. The purchaser is ua k nown. It wz.s said that William Waldorf Astor was the purchaser, but he denied the statement. Foils a Deadly Attack. "My wife was so ill that good physicians were unable to help her," writes M. M. Austin, of Winchi ster' Ind., "but was comn pli'tely cured by Dr. King's New Life Pilfs." They work wond is in stomach and liver troubles. Caro cot:stipaftion, sick headache. 25c at Mc31aste'r Co.'s drug store. When such valable old relics as Marion's will ar to be found in the old1 rubbish room of the state house, it would seem exceed ingly wise for the le-.:slature to' make an ap~propriattion to dlefray ttile expenses of having this old rubbish thoroughly gone over so that whatever is valuab~le may be recovered and properly preserved. The work could be done for a few iundred dollars, and it should be ArACTURED_8 ILLINOIS SEWING MA Why pay big prices for othc the above high grade machine prices: UPRIGHT, - - 1ROP-HEAD, - PARLOR CABIN DasPortes I Inspect the NEW ROYAL For one do!lar additional an delivered to your nearest depot A Pretty SCARF PINS, SLE BROOCiI ES, L A CH A INS, &c., and th GOLD WA TCII for to the town. C. M. Ch SPECIAL GHR1lL For the next THREE N each customer wl1 worth of dry goods Cents' worth of wi select out of the sti chance to select s serviceable for a p only good for the ti see us. you aware that our line of Sta tionery is the niost complete in town. When YOU are looking for something in that line come1 and gt ouir prices. We know some fr':en is LOO KIN G for a letter from you. So dlon't disappoinit them. When you are out for a stroll looking FOR A a Xmas present, a nice box of paper, we will suggest, (if you cannot think of somnething bet ter), for L ETTE R writing of all kinds, we cain suit you. Prices right, quality 'good. Come and get your money's worth in quality and qjuantity. Phone 30. Druggists. PLEAS E COMAlE AND SEE ASSO RT ME N T OF J E WE LRY. SELLING OU F THE ASSORTMENT A I COST. McMaster Co. Phone No. 9. WVANTIED, Hickory, Dw *twood aend i ~esinio: rLeo nthe HarC ITHIN T11E~REACH OEVERY LOf L MACHINE FULLY WARRANTED FOR TEN YEARS - R - CM1INE CO.Ro machines when you can get from us at the following low - - - $I8.co, - - - $20.00. ET, - - $30.00. Viercantile Co. before buying. y of these machines will be Line of EVE BUTTONS, DIES' WATCH e prettiest LADY'S $20.00 ever brought andler. )TMASCFER EEKS we will give to o buys Ten Dollars' for cash from us Fifty iatever they want to )ra. Thisggives you a omething useful and resent: This me stat an & Br.yson. HAR DWA RE. New and large variety best assortment we have ever had, and p:ices to ~. uit. CROCKERY. Best English and Ameri can granite, plain and decorated. In this line we make extra effort and offer special bargains. TIN W A RE. Anything you may want in this line. Call and see me before buying. Sat isfaction guaranteed. J, W. SEIGLE R. Applicatiofl fo? Fillal Dischrp. Notice is hereby given that I will applIy to S. R. Johnston, Judge of Pro hate for Fairfield County, for a final shreas Ad'ninistrator of the estate ofIT. P. Mitchell, deceased, on the 31st de v of December, 1901. R. G. BRICE, 12-6r4t __ Admiinistrator. 4p~ilitoll for Final__ichrge Notice is hereby given that I wilt ipply to the Probate Judge for Fair ield County for a final discharge as. E~xecutor of the Will of Robert Me arley, deceased, on the 30th day of D~ecember, 1901. JOHN A. STEWART, Exr. Will Robt. McCarley, dec'd 11-29-1m ______ PRESTON RION, AGENT FOR J Westehester Fire Insurance Company if New York. Glen Falls ins~urance Company of .. 'ewv York. Rocewter (Gernuma -Insurance Comn ~inn of R)ch~ester, N. Y. Cotton risks a ]pecnity. Soliits s.hare of p)ublic patronage. TOlR TAX ROTICE. I AM NOW RECEIVING TOWN ies at No. 4 Law Range. O)tliee hours from 9 o'clock A. M. till o'clock P. M., and from 3 o'clock . M. to .5 o'clock P. M. ' Penai~lty will attach after the 3ht .NO. J. NEIL, 1--- Clerk o Concil