The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, September 01, 1877, Image 1
ML-.W E B KLY E'DITION,] WINNSBORO, s. c., stvr'URDAY M~ORNING, 81i,PTEAtBER 1. 1877
NEW AYE ISEMENTS
5 FANCY CARDOS all new Styl0 Witil ITRI110,
10ct p81, P,al. J. B. IUSDID, Nassau
Itents County, Now York.
6 84111 1011'r S0ap thorougrhly cures
disealses of tho skin. 25C. per eake; box (B cakes
'Oc.) Sent by mall, Prepai on reevipt of prico.
C. N. CHII'ENI'TN, Prop'r, 7 Sixt% Avenue, N.Y.
Revolver and Cartridires for 43,
A fine nickel plated, seven shot, pocket re
volvor ; arst-c ass article. Sent C. 0. Di., or
Ol recHeItI Or pIc. G. W. WILLIS. P. 0. Ilox
2,718, New York.
N. F. BURENHAM'S "1874"
Water-Wheel
Is declared thp "STANDARDI) TU'RBINSE." by
over 151) lp,ilns whio u1se it. PIrtes redtie-d
New pamphlI, free. N. F. BUaMNnM, York, Pa
LADI Elogant JM,
Itationullame Curni
Met, Broastpin and
rostpaid to any roader
f this Paper for 2
cnts. Throp sos for
80 conts. Tn Cur
rency or Stamps.
1 4 iiii__ - -I - .I~
li'naco. ow ork.
TIIFLING
Nith a Cold is Always Dangerous.
USE
WELLS' Carbolie Tablets,
a sure reody for Coughs, and all Dis
ClIsCs of the 'Throat, Lung, Chiest, atid
iucous M onbrano.
PUr U oNLY IN nuLuE uoNEs.
f3old by all Druggists.
C. N. CUrrorON, 7 Sixth Avenue, N. Y.
ROANOKE COLLEGE,
SALEM, VIROINIA.
Next sesslon begins September 5, 1877. ol
lWIa 1, elect 1vu ialpre pat ory courses. Un
SurpauSsed location. lintain Climate. 'Moral
colnilliity. Five churclhs III towan. 3oderate
expenlses: from $11i to $2411 for 9); 11101 ths, in
cl I ifIIig I'll lal, boar, ol e., otc. Stillient(s froml
f1n M11 Stais, idiaTerritory, aid Mexico.
Twely stuildents rromll West, Virginia. For
U4atalo"ueS, etC., Address.
SEUtECETAlY OF FAcU'Y.
Rfli~'d it I,uIilt
A GREAT OFFPER tIeS
I limes (11sposo of 101) llilos & Organi, new it d
seond-hand of first-class makers Ineliding
W A'T E It s' at, lowest, pri ces for ctsh or Ins'itall
11nts or to lIet t 11 pid for that ever before
offi*ed. WA''EIlts, ganldt(I siluar antid tup
right Pianosand Organs (lIteludIing their Iew:
1at4(oivenIr and ltdoir) lre t1ho best. itia(1dt. 7
Oct a ve l'ianos $I50. !!s do,$It0 not, uset'a) year.
"2" Stop OI rgatns $50. 4 Stops $58. 7 Stops $68.
8 8oIps $75. 10 11) $88. 12 Sto,'s $100 emsh. not
lised1y ar, iI perfect, order oand warriatid.
Lovial a1.I Iraveling ag -its wat il el. 111ust ratel
C'atalogill's MaIllld. A lI-1ib r al11st d isoun. t( T,ach
vi- iIters, Chiries. ae. Shvvt 1i1sie at
italf price. IloIAos WArFICs X SONS, aItafnI
t1lrers iad dilaiN 41 1. E1st, 14th1 6L., Ui onl
.4pTre, New York
TO OUR CUSTOMERS
' HO aro iit bted to ms for PROVIS
IONSI or PHOSPIIATES, we woulId r'espect
fully ciall aittention, that yotur billsg are' duo
on or bleforfi thto first of Novembuler. We
re depending on yon for payment AT
C,to enable us to moeot obligation
maido to assist you, and wvhichi are dute t
thait limo.
In order for ust, as woll as y'ou, to man
tatin our errodit, it is necesstar'y to mioet otur
Beaty, Bro..% Son.
A LL~ persons are hereby warned
.~..against enate ring or in any way tres
passing on the lands, wyhether enoLosedl
ar iunenelose d, no w occupied by me
P'ra s U i'oo.rin thtis notico wj;! ho
ann*it wit . aarttding to in
i' i. -~ ' N 3 J. A.~ (OALDf) 3~
NOTICE !
-- 0
E intend to gradually change our
ztock to Groceries, Heavy Dry Gooda,
Boots. Shoes, and all goods needed on
Plantations.
We therefore ofor all fancy goods, such
as
Edgings,
Voilings,
Ribbons,
Jaconct and Swiss,
Alpacca,
Lace Hlandkorchiefs,
Ca'ssimerus,
Fine Gloves,
Collars,
(uirs,
Boarf,
nd all other goods of thih character at and
BELOW COST.
If you want any kind of Fancy Notions,
give us a call . The prico shll suit you
tor tho
--CASH.
LADD BROS.
junie I10
The Latest Novelties,
JUST ARRIVEDs
Abeautiful fieloetion of Lnwns and
Cambric.", in all tho new desirable Colors
id Patterns.
A boautiful line of Hamburg Edgings,
and Trimmings of all kinds. Calicoes of
latest styles and at greatly reduced prioos.
A large assortment of Fans, Buttons,
Clombs, and i-otions of all kinds.
Call on undersigned before making
your purchases and you wvill be satisfied
thait the
LATEST, BEST AND CHEAPEST
000JD are purchased of
jun20 SOL. WOLFE.
J. OLENDINING,
R0t alid . Iao0 Manilfacturel',
WINNSflORO, S. C.
'TE undlerigned( re
spectfully announ Ics to the
sik nd&citizecns of F"airfield t,hat ho
has removed his Boot and(
shuoo Manufactory to onie door below Mr.
D. Muller's. I amn prepared to manufacture
ill styles of work in a substantial and
t)rkmanilike mfanner, out of the very best
ruaitorials, and at prices fully~ as low ats the
mmne goods can be manufactured for at the
alorth or elsewvhero, I keep constantly on
hand a good Stock of Sole and U pper
Leather, Shoe Fiindings &c., wvhich will b)0
soId at reasonable prices. Rlepairing
p~romplty attended to. Terms strictly Cash.
.;2MP ~riod Hides bought.
oct 12 J. CLENDL'INN.
PROF. N, SCHMITT,
gi po, Melodloon and Organ Tuner,
88 14ain Street, Columbia, S. C,'
~ AVING an experience of thirty-five
L y ears in tuning and( repairing
Pianos, Moleons, Organs andi ether
MJusical Instruments, bdth in Europe andl
Amuorica, is enabled to guarantee satisfac
tion, or mako no -charge. He haa the
bichos6 roonmmenuiations from 4idhools
wII codlE es in~ :de Unitedl States.
JUST RECEIVED,
Ono car load sood Potatoes,
On " " " Oats.
-ALSO,
A full line of Plantation Hard
ware consisting of
Lay Iron,
Plow Steel,
Steel Plows,
Spades,
SL.ovel4,
Traces,
Iame0s
Clovices,
JHices,
Huol
Screws
&C.kc
which will bo sold low for
-CASH.
I keep constantly on hand a full
supply of
PLANTATION and FAMILY
10r4 M: OC C:ED M XL 3'E 1S.
I havo on hand several brands of
first class
FERTILIZERS
hvieh I am prepared to soll for
Cash or on time with well approved
securities on a money basis, or with
a cotton option if parties desire.
All parties in want of Fortilizors
will do woll to c(ll 'On me before
purchasing.
3Pm ELmDER.
fob 20
Ix0 0- KID
IDMw Go0o1Ds 1
NEW OODS 1!
W E havo just received a rtook of
SPRING AND SUMMER
prints of the best brands at 8A cents.
4-4 Cambrics at lo cents.
Centennial Stripes at l2 cents.
A lull Stoc of Shir tings, Sheotings and
Drilling at low figures.
CLOTHIN G ! CLOTHING !!
We have juist roocivod a large and en mn
plate stook of Spring and Summer U!othi
thing which wo will sell as cheap as any
one.
HATS ! HATS! HATS !!
Gents' and Youths' Fell, and Straw Hats of
all kinds andl at any price.
CASSIM~ERES ! CASSIMEREiS!!
Weo havo just roceivedi a full slook ofOCassi
moes fronm the Chiarlr, Iesville Mills.
-ALSO -
Twee'ods, Cottonades, Jeans, etc.
.1 F. MclMaster & Co.
SOMETHINr NEW,
T~ have just received some very fine old
...Corn Whliskey, Poach and Apple Urani
dty, from Stone Mountain, Georgia, and
Lincola countyr, Virginia, and various
other grades of Wostern Rye Whiskeys,
North Carolina torn and Rye Whiskeys,
Domeicl and Imported Winos aid
Brandies.
--ALSO
A large stook of bottled goods, consist.
lng of Chxampaigno, Lager Boor, for
family use, Ales, Porters, Soda Water &o.
One barrel fresh Newark Cider on draught,
Cool drinks oemal descriptions, Tobacco,
Cigars, &c.
.-AT Oun Houaa,--.
h D. McCA R iEY,
re ,. .1 - Prom-irtor.
FSII CULTURE.
---o0
iT" GlUJlT IMl'ORTANCs AND
VAL UA.
An Essay Road Before the S%ummer
Meeting of the State Grange by Major
T. W. Woodward.
(CONTINUED pItOM OUIt LAST ISSUE.]
From what I havo read of the
Sacramento salmon I have no hosi
tation in saying that there are many
of our rivers well adapted to its
habits, especially the Edisto, which
was once one of the finest streams
in the Stato for all tho varieties
common to us. An experiment
before the war with the brook trout
(saltno fontinalis) convincod me that
thore was more importance attached
to temperature of water than was
necessary.
Twelve of those most beautiful
fishes were procured from a moun
tain stream in North Carolina,
brought home and placed in a pond,
where they kept healthy and grew
finely during several of the hottest
months, and I believe would have
bred succzsfully but for their loss
by tho breaking of the dan by
which they were confined, beforo
the fall season, at which time they
spawn ; showing that the theory
that those fish can only survive in
the coldest, purest water is incor
rect. And so it may be with the
Sacramento salmon, whoso dogree
of latitude does not vary materially
from our own, and whose natural
habits as to heat and cold would be
modified by being placed in our
waters during the winter and at a
tender age.
In any event there is no reason
why the experiment might not be
tried. Upon the contrary, every
inducement is held out for experi
menting with all of the favorite
species, not oxcepting even the
salmon salar itself. The much that
has been learned in pisciculture leaves
very much yet to be discovered, and
no department of science, no branch
of industry, offers a wider field to
the niaturnlist, or larger margins
for gain to him who will successful~
ly prosceute the businoss.
JWith a fish commissioner, suc ash
is had in moit of the Statos. whose
business it would he to keep in
communication with the other coin
missioners and with the United
States commissioner, much valuablo
information would be disseminated
and many varieties of valuable eggs
and fishes imported and exported
for experiment. Wo have many
native varioties well adapted to the
purposo of both ponds and streams,
and by a system of interchange with
ci issioners firon other Stats,
sending eggs and fry from home
amnd receiving a similar shipmenit
from abroad, there is 1no estimating
the good that mnight 1)e accomlish
ed. Our State has recently shown
a disposition to banish barbarism
and to put itself in harmony with
other countries in the onward
march towards material imp)roveo
ment anid relining civilization. Let
us not neglect this important
matter, wvhich offers so much good
for so little outlay.
The next (livision of my subject...
fish ponds-is more interesting to
us personmally, being within1 roach of
all, and requiring no State aid. Any
person owning a fewv acres of land,
withi a stream of wvater, may embark1
in the enterp)rise with more or less
hope of success.
The bolder the stream and the
larger the extent of pond surface,
the greater thme variety of fish which
can be raised, and the larger the
profits, although many kinds growv
linel y and breed weoll in smaller
ponds fed b)y streams that barely
supply evaporation. In treating of
ponds, I may as wvell admit in ad
vance the fact that in most instances1
failure has been the result-I think,
for causes which can be accounted
for, and whinch, when properly cn
sideod, are not of sufficient
magnitude to discourage the under
taking for the future.
My first criticism is oni the size
of ponds, very few ef whieh a,re
entitled to the dignity of the ap
pellation, being in most istanoes
mere puddles of water, frors a few
feet in diameter to perhaps a quarter
of an acre in extent. Into these
dimi$nutive enolqsuires . have bheen
t31rrled any sud1 a1 ovarieties which
conld be obtained, many of thon
unsuited by nature for the habita,
tion of such places, whilst others of
thorm sem to have been formed
with special reference to the de
struction of the other kinds. Fail -
uro in such cases is as much to be
looked for as it would be in the
case of a farmer who would expect
to rear successfully a hundred head
of cattle on a two-acre lot, or who
would attempt to keep tho peace
between a pack of wolves and a
flock of shop which were required
to roam upon the samo pasturage.
To illustrate, I shall reitorate ex
perimonts given to the public be.
fore, and which subsequent obsorva.
tion has confirmed. All of our fish
Oat fish, except members of the
sucker family ; these eat egg8.
Practically, therefore, all ffsh con
sume fish--somo more, some less.
What is known here as the trout
(Megastoma Caroliniensis and
Gryste3 Salmoides) afford striking
illustrations. The older ones are
caught almost exclusively with
living fish used as bait, or by its
artificial representative, the bob.
All fishormon know this, and attach
importance to having fresh lively
minnows on hand for a successful
day's sport. This justifies the
statement that in its natural state
its habitual food is fish. And
whilst it has its preferences for
certain varieties, none are exempt
from the attacks of its voracious
jaws. I have caught a four-pound
trout which had swallowed a catfish
that weighed over a quarter of a
pound, the tail of which was still
visible in the cavity of the trout's
mouth, becauo there was not
sufficient room for its reception in
the stomach: and yet it bit with
spirit at a silver fish on the hook.
I have taken them with their
stomachs distended with smaller
members of their own species, with
rl the varieties of the perch clan,
including the exceedingly nimble
bream, with suckers, with minnows;
in fact no fish seems beyond the
scope of its appetite. Great as is
the destruction done by older
members of thie family, you can
imagine that the supply which
would disappear down the capacious
throat of a ten-pounder in twelvo
months would be no inconsiderable
drain upon tho resources of a pond
of a quarter of an acre in extent;
still, strange to relate, the deproda
tions of the young trout are even
more disastrous. A pair of trout
of two and a half pounds each are
capable of producing 16,000 in a
soason; those young commence
upon smaller varieties as soon as
the umbilical egg has been ab
sorbed, and when they have attain
!d a length of one and a quarter
inches, requiring from a month to
six weeks of growth, will eat 8iXty.
:.ne 11sh each in twenty-four hours.
This I havo witnessed again and
rgain. It is true that the fishes
iwallowed wero very small and of
.ixceedingly tendor age, being
3carcoly more than eggs with tails
ippended; still they were fish, and
if uninterrupted would have at"
Lained as large size as any in the
p~ond. Now, suppose that the
y'oung of only one pair are hatched
.n a pond of a quarter of an acre
mdi that the unusually small num
ber of 5,000 is the result. These
5,000 are capable of devouring
305,000 per day. It occurs to me
Shat it would be only necessary for
bh1em to survive one day to effect
.he complete depopulation of
>rdinar'y ponds. Having accom
)lisheld their wvork of destruction
ahoy are themselves made the vic
,imns of larger fish, which are in
un eaten by still larger, which are
ni turn attacked by man, the veriest
utcher of them all. The proba,
>ilities are that out of the 5,000
vhich have wrought such dire dee
:truction, not more than a half dozen
'each maturity. This is the reason
~hat ponds of narrow compass, on
eing drawn off after having stood
'or two or three years, have only a
oew lar'ge fish in them, also the roal
mon that even our largest mill ponds
fiford better fishing whilst they are
nown as new ponds.
Take one more example-I have
nany--the red-bellie:l perch, (P'o
nlotj8 .Erythr'ogaseter,) pehaps the
~ommonest.Aish at the South, being
ound in every branch, creek, river,
,ond and lake in this State. It is
>no of the finest gagn fshes-in' the
J.United States, thoe- in thei waters
>f the Edisto being barely.second to
the celebrated Santee breani, which
[ regard as not inferior to the iru.ch
auded cavalli. I haye "seen the
young of this perab, .thre4ourths
f an inch in length, consume four-.
been of their own species ip a day.a
izd if any of cur iponde o*' sheams
e garefailly_examained iti theingsth
',Contthued ~iiforth noI "