Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

THURSDAY, jflJN E Y i~ — .±r - • ■ * . I*- HiniM 4-. _ 5 * * •iv 4TH, 1925. the barnweli; People-sentinel, barnwell, south Carolina i. Bulgarian Communists bn Their Way to Trial str.ntial amount in the waste product ■ of beet sugar and that for a long time a us*' tor this wastage has been sought. Incidentally, trimcthplamine M^is t!ie only odorous constituent of the cotton plant that could be pioduced easily and inexpensively. On it Dr. Power has pinned his faith*. . .. V < " ■; Home Demonstration Work. • combined, which will carry adyanUge to the subscribers of both and better contribute to the develop ment of the county. In retiring froea mated newspaper during the period] the ra^agement "bT' The Barnwell tion list an<r the outstanding job prit^ting .contracts of The Sentinel, and the subscribers of The Sentinel will continue io receive the amnlgn of their subscription, whilst those holding job pointing accounts will have the work performed- in pursuance U--1 Police of Bulgaria are still combing the country for comrnupl»t.s- acowsed of plotting against the government. Some of those captured are here seen heavily manacled on their ^ay’ to be tried for participation in the^sthedral bomb outrage... J ~ . ' . . - ■ - nil •,•••"■» ■ ' ' > ■ ~ 11 - 1 , —|, M | ■ * ■ T" 11 . ' ' ' . ^ 11 1 1 1 '■ 1 ' ■ i lil ■ ■ ■ l WEEVIL IS TRAPPED BY . \ *' HIS FAVORITE ODOR \ f •t—t.— •as---— GOVERNMENT- SCIENTISTS ISOLATE THE SCENT THE> DESTRUCT IVE COTTON PES^LIKES BEST AND WILL NOW USE IT TO BAIT A POISON DEADFALL FOR HIM. \ si. - .. » . - - ^r*H^G|overnment • scientists, 'Vb* to force! to an issue the re-yedr battle against tht attempt- j to know, least fabout ,t ; twenty- sense. This is pardondbl ill weevil, have hit upon a new and he olfactory ble because, ip cotton | us^ the sense of smell is more or less unique plan, which, if as successful in. ved a new science and are capable of the field as it has been in the lab oratory may rid the South of the“mil- lion dollar bug” and revolutionize .pre- s. nt methods of coping with other harmful insects. • ~ The pistol is to lure the weevil to-its doom by the peculiar odor of-trimeth- ylamine, a chemical constituent ,oi the plant itself, which has been • / c irtou / found to attract it. isolation of this substance, was effected by Dr. Fred erick P. Power, one of the chemists of the United States Bureau of Chemus- try and his associate, Victor K. Che-s- * nut. ; . .a Interest in the experiment has been 'widespread, and naturally so fpr an rudimentary. But insects have evol- analyzing and classifying odors, many of which are unknown to us.” v The boll weevil in captivity, dif ficult to manage and not given, to many preferences is attracted by no thing so much as the bud of the cotton plaht, called the “square.” For'it, Dr Mclndoo finds, a. weevil will' forsake syrup and honey <>r even young- cotton ^elected for bur ( use, ahd this was comparatively free 'from infestation of the weevils. The plants were exit off a few inches above the ground and the material employed consisted chief ly of the foliage, together with the flowers, squares 7 and a few small bolls. The coarse, woody stems wer$. rejected. “Not more than two hours elapsed between the cuttipg of the plants in the field and the/beginning of distilla-' tion processes. The total amount of material distilled was 7,265 pounds, or 3,200 kilograms, and the total original distillate amounted to^about 1,400 gal lons, or 5,300 titers. '* “The next step in the - process was to concentrate the original distillate in order tHat CHe odorous constituents might be contained in a smaller vol ume. This was accomplished by its redistillation from a smaller apparj- atus. The complete examination bf leaves. Yqung weevils, just.Jiatched, concen ti*ated distillate,, which a-' will head straight for a cotton field moun t e d to 78-gallons or 29 ) liters, though it may be several miles dis tant. So miuch for the theoty, which, by and large Dr. Mclndoo, through painstaking experiments, has proved. It remained for the Bureau of Chemistry then, to find what odor the mini losses to planters, according to, miiijojj dollar bug liked best. And, the Bureau of Crop Estihriates, h ave ^ walking through the cotton fields at been about $300,000,000 and Colonel ^ Tallulah, La-, where in the summer, Henry G. Hester, statistician of the ^23 ten acres of choice upland cotton New Orltyins Colton Exchange, hi his had been set aside for their use, Dr. last annual report placed total losses p ower an{ j jyj,. Chesnut could detect for the past five years at $1,500,000,- 000. Many cotton gins and oil mills are idle in the south. - Few had heard'of the bott weevil in 1892. the year he crossed thfe Rio Grande from Mexico and proceeded to make himself at Home irr-the.eotton fields at Brownsville, Texas. f But now iqth nearly all the cq^orrbelt Infested he is £ bywprd in both South arid Nor th. At -Enterprise, Ala., a memorial fountain hksvbeen erected to him by ^ apple, and vonce possessing a the citizenry. 'This may seem para doxieal. .Farmevc oL^thc town, forced into bankruptcy by the inroads of the gram or so of its essential oil, had re pnnluced it synthetically and dished Up “apple ice cream” for the consump- , hod *veevil, were ' forced^ to plant" G on of a 'group of Washington scien- sugar cane, peanuts; hay and -^vvpet * pritntorjr-and prosperity followed this *'versification af crops. All this, how j\r, does net l.elp’solv^the question ,he cotton supply’s adequacy. Army -airplanes, Scattering calcium L —-srsenatft' in a cloud over the fields have been employed in the battle i r against the boll weevil. Thi smethod id effective was conducted in the Washington lab oratory. • ^The seealled ‘essential o|l’ of the plant was obtained by extracting a portion of the concentrated distillate with ether. The yield of this product was about d.003 per-cent of the mat erial employed. It was a pale, brown ish limpid liquid, having -d * strong, rather agreeable and persistent odor. “The*concentrated distillate, which represented all.I.-th% _pdorous and volatile constituehts-of the plant, was the product employed for their sep aration/ apd identification.- It was found to contain the following indi vidual substances;-*»— no odor at all. When the Jeav^s were crushed and bruised, a faint, lemon like odor could be detected.,, Thejr must, theichemists concluded, wrench from the cotton plant The secret of to chemical compoaitfon by subtle _ Mlthy , a|coh j| jn , , ^ laboratory methods _ trnccs of hmyl i|coho| As plant chemists. Dr. Fewer and re | ative | y s i aU amounts, with traces h,s assoc,pte felt themselves -comp. of aldehvde of * igher ca , bor . etent to do ,t. A short time in exceedinK minute amouni they had analyzed the elusive odor of ■ v* ^ proved effective although dusting had to he dotkinniT'r the disadvantages of early dawrrb^evoning,.when the dew Ir.y'on the fields, ^xpense of dusting . apparatus and"the higH.^ f have, however, prevented widespread use.,. About five and,a half pounds are ,, required per acre.and the cost of ar senate per pound is between 8c and 9c. The increase in^ vield was about 3,96 pounds of cotton per acre, and the pr- fit scarcely great enough to cover the expense of thie munitions of the battle. Casting about for a cheaper mode of chemical combat, the theory of odorous attraction was brought into play. This theory^summed by Dr. N. E. Mclndoo, inspdf phyciologist of the Bureau of ^Entomology,. Washingtonp and upon which Dr. Power and Mr., Ghesnut built up their intricate exper iment, is: “Insects,"like all other an imals, acquire their information Con cerning the world through their sen- »nd this is accomplished through means t>£impression or Stimuli affect-, ( ing the sense-organs^) ; , jwas “The world tP, man is chiefly a lists. This feit„ had Verged on the miraculous because the original apple oH is exceedingly volatile. Construction of a “field laboratory, with the proper equipment of stills was the first ^step in their attempt to extract cotton -bud essence. - Final work was done in trnKphyto-chemicaV lal»oratory of the Bureau'^ i'hemis- try in Wnrijrngton. Not long after- war d announcement was made of yub- gress at » meeting of National Acad^ emy of Sciences. The story of the ^rist of arsenic J is ^jerhaps, best told ,in Dr. Power’s own words: “It has been recognized'that the cotton plant possesses ~a . specific at traction for the boll weevil and this (a substance either d'-'derivative of mciesot or a phenol that possesses very similar characters;) an optically hew active, tricyclic, sesquiterpene; anaiptically “inactive bicycle sesquiter pene; a small nlnount oT a-paraffin hydrocarbon; a blue oil' wdiicdt'prob ably contains unsaturated hydrocar bon, azulene; formic, acetic and ca- proie acids, the latter in small pro portions, which evidently was present to some extent in combination with the previously mentioned alcohols and esters, ammonia and trirWhylamine.” Ammonia umi triniethylamine wei'e found present in apprdciable'aniounts, with the ammonia largely predom- tirjg. Bothw >rt> friund to be em anations from the living plant and have be^nJdentified ajso in the dew collected fronCthe cotton foliage. InvestigAtions\revealed that as small an amount ofvtrimetjiylamine u u ... -*1 a. j v r f iv, as iP-W)00005 gram can be detected has been attr,bated to »0F>e .olat.le, bjr Us odorous substance emitted by the plant which could be perceived at a consid erable-distance. .• If has been consider ed. accordingly, by-Dr.T.. O. Howard, chief of the Bureau of Entomology, United States World of. Visions 0 other sewses play a s The world to a bloodhound Fuither experimenting revealed thift the-trimothylamine held a reaL attraction for the boll weevil when exposed to him in a solution of care- * * # Miy regulated strength. The solu- ^ ^ Too strong.TTut IF must be strong enough. It must be just a little more attractive to the “mjlion dollar Lug” than the cotton plant itself if the insect is to be lured one to the other.-^ ' DrNUJcIndoo, working Awith an in- sfrurtientNif his own invention and construction, wh^cH he calls art.“insect olfactometer,” hasten trying to find out just what- the correci dilution is. . . The 'olfactometer is of gtltiwL tubing As the primary purpose was to ascer-r , • „ , r, .« . . A _ ? _ _ A_ 1, ■ ■■ ■ Z I aIm A A M a"V £ e V*\ A jand is So arranged that air, pitsaing culture that if an^bdfirous substance could be* identified wtiich by tests wbujd be found-attractive ta-ihe in- sects f it might be possible to produce it iti* sufficient quantities to permi its use as, bait. \ 4 *In pursuance of this^ plan the Bureau 'of Chemistry was requested to undertake a comprehensive stutly, of the* subject, and the investigition begun 1 in the summer of 1923. sights, > and ail t a j n the chemical character of the dary a world if scepts, odors of smellsMnd case other senses play a sec- part. The world to such in- a-s ants and bees is not chiefly a World of scents, odors or smells, and sense plcys such an important pa; their lives that should iti be suddenly destroyed these insects criuld no long er exist. r . - . 1 ‘•Qf all the human sensesr we seem part.. odorous pr volatile substances it Was chiefly | apparent that these could best be, ob tained by tluL-distillation of the cotton plant with the aid of steam. This operation was cohducted during the months of July and August at, Tal lulah, La., where all the 'facilities Of the Delta Laboratory of the Bureau Entomology were placed at our dis-t posal. ^ ’ ‘ - f A—field of choice upland cotton comprising about ten acres, had been through two tubes, may carry a of this or that ‘‘smell”—or so that one may. w’aft an odoi* and the other pure air. The insect, under observation walks through a larger tube to the fork, where he is greeted with a “bug perfume,”^ Intended either to attract or repel hinu But if the plan works the death knell, of the weevil will have sounded. Trimethylamine can be produced cheaply and in adequate quantities. Dr. Power says it is present in sub- The season is now beginning for the marketing of cucumbers, The acreage is a great deal less' 1 this year and with other growing sections weljjpleared off the market the farm ers are expecting fair prices for their crop.-- Grading machines will be used to a great extent as well as Federal shipping point inspection. There will probably be about two hundred cars of cucumbers loeded at Blaekyille which have been machine graded ,and inspected. We- believe this is a great forwartFstep and will mean much to the cucumber" interest. There' Will likely be three to four hundred cats loaded at Blackville in total this season^ Most farmers are now applying a side application'" to their cotton at this time where they have not done so, already. Most of them reattte that to get the most benefit fromWe- use M nitrate it should be applied soop sfter chopping, v e finding of large numbers of weevils in the cotton fields at is time is causing farmers to feel nervous. '"They < are begining to poison now. Three applications of dusted calcium arsenate applied be ginning g with the first application, as the fust squares get large enough to puncture" "followed in five to seven days with another and then another after vyaitirig a week, will go a, long way toward controlling the weevil. Two pounds . the first application, three the second and four the third should be applied. —.1— ... m thereof by him. While it is a source aif regret to the publishers of The Sentinel that this as an individual enterprise is forced to end, yet the public is to be congrat ulated oil having both of the papers Sentinel, the Mew Sentinel Publishing Company bespeaks for the new and combined enterprise' the continued end expanded patronage of its read ers, that the influence of. both papers, so united, mayTiave their cooperation to the upbuilding of Barnwell County in all of its departments of life. The New Sentinel Pub. Co. PAGE SEVEN. 11 1 ■» f Energetic Gasoline and Good Oil, Too * \ . . - YOtJ’LLj. get both of these af the; Barnwell Filling Station end lots of extra service. Then, too, the charge is right and that makha^ more reasonable. - *■ - : v - . . .... 7 ' ^ . 0 T ur men qie eifperts in the matter of lubrica tion and choosing the proper mixture for your car. They’ll be pleased to help you. V To th£ Patrons of The Barnwell Sentinel. The New Sentinel Publbiahing Com pany, which has had the control and management of The Barnwell Senti nel, has been compelled by reason of financial stringency to, discontinue the independent publication of The Senti nel and has disposed of its plant and franchises to Mr. B. P. Davies, of Barnwell. It is gratifying, however, that the paper will nbt ceaseuiis exist ence, but be published in connec tion with The People and its name and that of The People will hereaftef head the publication. Mr v Davies assumes the subscrip- /. All Lines of Insurance •Farm Coverage a Specialty * „ * ■ . * ~ ■ .G I - Calhdun and Co. P. A. Price, Mgr.- Bank of W. C. Bldg. ► • ■. / <~XrX~X~X~X~X~X~X~X—X-X^X-^i 1 Wm. McNAB • ‘ Representing /, FIRE, HEALTH AND ACCIDENT r INSURANCE COMPANIES. Personal attention given all business Office in Harrison Blocji, Main St. BARNWELL. S. C. ’t is a prescription for Malaria, ChjUs and Fever, Dengue or Billious Fever. ' ' . • ■ • - - - 1- ' -v / ' It kills the gertns. ,, £ Lloyd Plexico, Mgr. Barnwell, S. C. ;; I* ■ , I-X-X-X-;»< m 9^>^><>«X > < > «X > < > X“X-X ❖ 4> O 6 » O » » » ^ T Farm Loans 6 per cent, large amounts. Town prop erty in Barnwell, residential «and business, 7 per cent Loans procured promptly af lowest cost. Allendale, Bamberg and Barnwell Counties. ,L THOMAS M. BOULWARE Attorney-at-law BarnWell, S. C.' Vi I m HIGH UP IN THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN ri MOUNTAINS • ry ■ * - ’ . - OF t * WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA EASTERN TENNESSEE and NORTH GEORGIA * ^ * t Land of the Sky Are Many Good Places to SPEND YOUR SUMMER VACATION . f " __ j Reduced 1 Summer Fares to All Summer Tourist Resorts Tickets oh Sale Daily ; - ‘Beginning May 15th Good Until October 31st, 1925 Write for Summer Vacation Folder Consult Ticket Agent SOUTHERN RAILWAY SYSTEM i - THE CITADEL The Military College of South Carolina. - VACANT SCHOLARSHIPS 'Xl. 1 , ■ > \ _ » , ' A vacant scholarship in Barnwell County will be filled by competitive examination to be held at the county-seat on Friday, July 10th. Applicants must be at least sixteen and not more than twenty years of age, and must meet the educational requirements for admission to the freshman class, which are a certificate from an accredited four-year high school, covering fifteen units, or an equivalent deamination. This scholarship covers tuition, board, hospital, laundry, room, and an allowance for uniforms. The Citadel a liberal arts college, offering electives in civil engineering, Science, language id literature, and business administration. . ' _-v -' * has an excellent -military system, having been rateij by the War Department continuously for m^ay years as ‘‘distinguished military college.” An ^inspector says of h:— “It isSo^superior in all its methods, it must be classed alone.” .. * |t provides^thorough physical training of all students under competent supervision, and en courages all athletic sports. " < ^’■i’OR CATALOGUE AND BLANKS, WRITE TO— Hh ' The Citadel, ■> ' ‘ _ v •'' »1. O. J. Bond, President J 7 -C , . Charleston, S. ;i«yysi . .n