The Anderson daily intelligencer. (Anderson, S.C.) 1914-1915, September 12, 1914, Image 1
f
VOLUME 1, NUMBER 212 Weaklr, ErtaUIikei 1M0| DmDy, Jaa.lt, Itu, ANDERSON, S. C., SATURDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 26, 1914 PRICE FIVE CENTS 85.00 PER ANNUM
GERMANS REI
FROM ALLI
LOSSES
THE BATTLE OF MARNE HAS
NOT BEEN DECIDED
AS YET
HEAVY FIGHTING
Battles Are Being Fought by the
Various Armies With Resulta
Unknown ; Servians Claim
a Victory
London, Sept. li.-The battle of the
Marne, as the French have christened
the great struggle which has been in
progress for a week In the territory
between Paris and Verdun, with the j
allied armies of. Prance and England '?
on one side and the Germans on the
other, hau not reached a decisive re- '
suit.
The German right, however, in the I
face of tho superior forces and threat
ened with an outflanking movement
continues to retire towards the north
along the route over which General
von Gluck made his famous lightning
advance on Paris from the Belgian
border, after having defeated the allies
and Moni and again at Cambria and
'St. Quentin.
With General von Kluck also, ac
cording to the French official reports,
the right wing of General von Bue
.ow'4 army, which supported his left
ie* falling back towards the rivers
Alane and Oise. On von Buelow's left,
the army of the Prince of Wurtem
berg, which has been trading for
weeks to break through the French
line also has stopped fighting and re
tired north, . The German left wing,
however, composed of other sections
of the Prince of W?rttemberg^ anny,
and the army commanded by the Ger
man crown prince ia still fighting with
varying success. These armies, how
ever appear to have passed Verdun as
the Berlin reporte say they have been
bombarding fortified positions south
of that fortress.
A co'np?-ehrftip?ve French official re
port, issued tonight shows that General
von Kluck got further south and east
of Paris than heretofore had been dis
closed, so that this advance waa even
faster than' he was given ' credit for
mjaking. It seems that had the Ger
man armies on his left moved any
where nearly as quickly as he did, the
battle of the Marne might na vcr have
been fought.
However, faced by British-French
forces, and with another French force
advancing front Paris threatening hts
flank and bis communications, Generai
von Kluck was compelled to withdraw
northward and then fight the French
on the river Ourcq. In this fighting,
according to the British-French re
ports, a number of German guns, hun
dreds of . prisoners and psrt of ?he
German transports were taken.
Servia lu celebrating another vic
tory over Austria, having taken Heat*
(Un, Just arro* the river from Bel
grade? the Servian capital? walch has ;
been under an Intermittent bombard'
went ?ver since tho commencement of
the mar. this success, lt ls thought,
stay ?sable Servia, which fs advancing
1? Bernis, to put aa end to the gul?
which have been solong firing on ber
capital.
..Turkey has taken .advantage .of
Europe's occupation to abrogate capi
tulation wheh she so long .had .ob-.
Jetted to.. Her diplomats dea j this
means any bellicose attitude sad say
Turkey believes the time has arrived
when she should enjoy the same ?tatas
as other Independent countries, par
ticularly as ?rest Britain sad Austria
have )uss agreed to the abrogations sf j
Tapltulatfees ls the territory which J
Greece recently acquire! .from .the
iTsrfcisb *wpir% " s
Allies Claim
A A. A ii r*.
i- ' ; i ? ? ' * *? 3 .
Paris, Sept. ll.-This official com
munication was issued here today:
"First, dn the left wing our suc
cess increases/ ' North of tho river
Marne and itt the direction of Solssons
and Comptegne the Gormans have
abandoned groat quantities of ammu
nition, stores, some wounded and some
-prisoners. - W? have taken another
flag. The British army has captured
ll guns and important stores.and has
taken from 1,20a to 1.600 prisoners.
"Second, in the center, the enemy
has given in on its front between Be
s?nne and Revlgny. The. Germant
have not yet fallen back from (.'Ar
gonne. Notwithstanding the strain
to which our troops have been sub
?mra' ) ?I
CREATING
ED FORCES;
ARE HEAVYI
ooooooooooooooooo
o o
o COTTON MONEY o
o - o
o Washington, Sept. 11. o
o -The emergency curren- o
o cy bill, amending the Vre- o
o land-Aldrich act to make o
o 75 instead of 30 percent o
o the amount of commercial o
o paper to be accepted o
o banks as security for o
o emergency currency, pass- o
o ed the senate today and o
o now goes to the house, o
o The measure was prompt- o
o ed by financial conditions o
o growing out of the Euro- o
o pear. war. o
o Under an amendment ad- o
o ded by the senate today o
o all privileges conferred on o
o national banks under the o
o Vreland emergency cur- o
o renpy act are extended to o
o State banks and trust com- o
o panies having a capitiliza- o
o tlon of $25,000 or more o
o and a twenty per cent o
o surplus. o
o The senate voied down o
o a proposal that cotton o
o producers should be given o
o preference in the loaning o
o of emergency currency in o
o cotton states and that the o
o interest charged should o
o' not exceed six p?*r cent, o
o Senator Overman, pro- o
o posing the amendment, o
o declared the purpose of tf
o emergency currency in the o
o south was to relieve the o
o cotton situation arid said o
o that by his amendment re- o
o lief to the cotton producer o
o would be assured. o
o o
ooooooooooooooooo
HORRIBLE SCENE
ON BATTLEFIELD
Allies Artillery Played Havoc
With Retreating Germans
Ground Strewn With Dead
(By Associated Press.)
Paris, Sept. ll,-An idea ot how the
German? were harrassed by artillery
fire during Uielr retr ?at wai obtained
on a visit to the fie. dB near Meaux,
the scene of. the severe fight of yes
terday. The German infantry had
taken a position in a sunken road on
either side of which were stretched in
extended lines hummocks, some of
them natural and some the work of
G?rman Boldlera.
Besides many bodies vere forty or
fifty empty cartridge shells while
fragments of clothing, caps and knap
sacks were scatter?, d about. This
destruction was wt ought by batteries
three miles distant Straggling clumps
ot wood intervened- between the bat
teries and their mark but the 'range
had been determined by an officer on
an elevation a mile from the gunners.
He telephoned directions for the tir
ing and through glasses watched the
bursting shells.
The sunken road was littered with
bodies today. Sprawling in ghataly
fasnion. the ?aces almost had the um?
greeniah hue as the uniforms worn.
The road is lined with poplars, the
branches of which, severed by frag
menta ot shells, were strewn among
the dead. In places whole tops ot
trees had been .lorn away hy the ar
tillery fire.
Victory
~- -? - T^a^a AL>>*>]
jected durO-g the last Ave days pf
battle, they still and energy to pur
sue* the enemy on its left wing,
change in this territory.
"The Austrian army defeated at
Lemberg, despite heavy reinforce
ments ia being repulsed. On the
front between Jalonne and Rewa and
the river Imeister Russians are be
sieging the fortified towla ot Grodek.
The second Austrian army has been
a tacked near Tomas sow and has been
compelled to retreat.
"The Servian troops have crossed
Oie river Save at Shagatx and Obreno
vats. In Bosnia they have assumed
the offensive in the direction of Vise
grad."
Capital City
News
Special to The Intelligencer.
Columbia, Sept. ll.-lt was esti
mated today that the special session
of the general assembly will cost the
tax payers of the state nearly $40,000.
No announcement has been made as
to the program for legislation.
The governor today granted a pa
roil; to J- E. Truluck, who was con
victed in Charleston on th* cl.areft nf
embezzlement and sentenced to eight
montbs.
Flashes
Germans Suffer Defeat.
London, Sept. 11. (fV?:dniiht)
-A Ostend dispatch to Reuter's
Telegram company say?:
''A severe engagement took
place yesterday in the neighbor
hood of Grembergen and Ter
monde, Belgium. The Germans
beat a hasty retreat, leaving lo
prisoners behind. Before de
parting from Termonde the Ger
mans pillaged and destroyed the
town- Out of r*,4O0 houses, 1 too
are in ashes and works of art and
historical memorials have* been
destroyed. Several notable peo
ple have been Jaken prisoners
and 200 civilians have been sent
to Germany.
"Bands of Uhlans have been
pursued into the wood surround
ing Quatrccht and Wetteren.
Allegations are False.
Bordeaux, Sept. 11.- ( Mid
night)-President Poincare today
cabled President Wilson as fol:
lows:
"Mr. President : I am informed
that the German government has
sought tor surprise your, excellen
cy's gecu faith by alleging thai
dum dum balls are manufactured
in the French state factory and
used by our soldiers. This calum
ny is but an audaciou attempt to
reverse roles."
"Since the beginning of the war
G?i"tT??riy has ?ocd ui?m durn bul
lets and violated daily the law of
nations. On August' 18 and sev
eral times since we have had oc
casion to bring these facts to the
notice of your excellency and the
powers signatories of The Hague
convention."
Powers Won't Acree.
Paris, Sept 11.-7 40 p. m.
The Rome correspondent of the
Havas Agency says dispatches
from Constantinople announce
that th? foreign ambassadors, in
cluding the German] representa
tive, yesterday informed the Tur
kish government that the powers
could not accept abolitions of
treaty rights accorded foreigners.
Rattiant Captura Town?
London, Sept 12.-3.08 a. m.
-sji Reuter dispatch from. Petro
grad says the Russians have cap
tured Tomaszow, Russian Poland,
after a sanguinary conflict.
Steadily Losing Ground.
Paris, Sept ii. il.Zo p. m.
"The Germans continue to re
treat. The British have taken
elevtn cannon and many prison
ers."
This was the gist of sin official
report issued here tonight.
Off For H?*r H?'??ffft?S-.
washington, ovi-v 11*-nevi
dent Wilson left here at 5.35 p. rn
tor the summer white house at
Cornish, N. H., wher? he expects
to arrive tomorrow afternoon.
Asked For EaalsswW
Washington, Sept. 11.-Presi
dent Wilson today asked, Secre
tary Bryan to call the attention
of the Turkish ambassador, A.
Rustem Bey, to recent statements
attributed to him in the Snews
papers and to inquire if they were
authorized.
Must Agree te Maka Peace.
Copenhagen, Sept li.-Via
London, 4.IC p. m.-The Vossis
che Zeitung, of Berlin, declares
that previous to the outbreak of
the war Germany and Austria
Hungary agi.*ed, as now have the
parties to th? triple entente, not
to make peace separately.
BRITISH LIGH1
POORE IS
OF MANS!
-H
JURY OUT UTTLE OVER AN
HOUR
INTERESTING CASE
Crowded Court Room Yesterday !
Heard Attorneys On EitW Sift
Put Up Strong Fights
After deliberating for cbont one
hour und fifteen minutes, thc jury re
turned a verdictmf guilty In the cuso
or the 8tate venns Claude Poore,
charged w8tb murder. Thia case
went to the Jury! yesterday afternoon
at 6:15 o'clock ?al a verdict was ren
dered at 7:30l W
When co'urtSconvened yesterday
morning ll Juron had oeei secured
to try thc case Ind after some diffi
culty the last maa was selected in the
person of A. W. q(*gwell, who was' also
appointed foreafifr by the Jud?e.
Poora wo? .taemvbrought into the
court room and the triul was begun.
The prisoner waa neatly dreased Tn a
suit of black clothes; his hair was
carefully brushed and he seemed per
fectly composed.
Anderson people are familiar with
the facts in the case,, which are. that
Poore, aa a policeman in Williams
ton, shot ?nd kitted Joe Kelly, former
ly a. policeman in .the same town. The
evening before the killing Poore had
arrested Kelly abd it is aaid that this
led to the trouble. Willl?mston peo
ple were greatly interested in the trial
and the court room waa crowded
throughout the day yesterday
Dr. Prank Lander was the first wit
ness called yesterday morning. He
testified as to the nature or Kelly's
wounds and he was followed by Capt.
A. G. Pinkney, who waa an eyewitness
to the affair He gave a very graphic
account of th? shoo ting, telling of
what each mau auld and of Kelly's ac
tions after he was shot.
Capt. G. W. Sullivan' gave a touch
ing account of the shooting, explain
ing that he arrived on the scene just
as the defendant had his gun raised
to ahoot again He protested, saying
"Claude, if you do,, that will be mur
der." At the time Kelly was leaning
up against the wall of a building and
he started to come to Capt. Sullivan
falling into that gentleman's arma
Vance Cooley, mayor of Williams
ton, testified as to the facts leading
up to the ease, explaining that Poore
had arrested Kelly on the evening
before the final difficulty arose, and
that Kelly had become incensed over
this end cherished ill feeling against
Poon.*. Other witnesses acquainted
with tho case were called and then
the defendant took the stand.
In reply to questions put to him by
the attorneys. Claude .Poore asserted
that he has been a resident of the town
of Wllliamston for twelve years and
that in that time be has acted aa con
stable a ??"' '..^iceman. He has also
been a cai panter sad has worked tn
the rnl'.i there at other times.
**?*i*3 he ws? 18 years of ego be
??s?v.hu? father's fairtu which ia cc-s?
Wllliamston and came into the town
?to go to work. He has lived there ev
ery since that time. On Saturday ev.
A JU*. - _ _ rn
In Pay tr
Atlanta, Os., Sept. ll.-interest
the greet "buy a bale" movement is
sweeping with renewed vigor over tbs
whole Soutn to judge from Ilia re
ports lu the Southern newspapers and
from telegrams received by the Atlan
ta press.
The state wide conference held Jn j
Atlanta yesterday gave a great lmpe-1
tua to the movement. The evangel!
ration of the whole state was start
ed unanmlmoosly when tho con'.reM.o |
adopted its resolutions and tbe mem
bers tarted out to inspire ell Georgia.
Athens merchants are offering to
toke cotton on debts at ten cents per
r ARTILLERY
GUILTY
LAUGHTER
eningR and Sundays, Poore was em
ployed by Mie city os a policeman At
the ttme of the shooting he hud in his
pockets several warrants that he ii ad
to serve.
In connection with the C&BO in de
tail he testified:
"On Sunday afternoon I was sitting
in front of tho Gregory company store
and heard .Toe Kelly and Ira B. Hol
de- Jobbing at each other In pretty
bad language. Holder and Kelly both
cursed each other ceveral times, but
neither had an attitude that was ag
gravating or which appeared trouble
some. Finally Joe said, Tra going to
lick you and then I am going home.'
Holder said, 'Well, I'm here, como
ahead.' They cursed a while longer
and then Poore came out and told
them to shut up. Holder shut up but
with several oaths, Joe Kelly asserted
that I had nothing whatever to do
with him and that he was not going to
obey. I told him to get off the streets
or go home, and he said that he would
do neither. I then told him that I
would have to run him in if he did
not be quiet Ha said with an oath or
two that I would have to run. him.in
land that waa sure. I then started with
him to the Juli, and about middle way
he stopped' and asked about hts bond.
T told him that I couldn't rive him any
bond but I'd let kim go free lt he
[wanted to. He refused to bs let go,
and said that I had arrested him,
damn you now lock me up. I took
him to the guard house and put him in
tua Office OS tho council TOO?? s.n?
locked the doer. I did not place him
in a cell, but I did lock him in the-of
fice. I however did offer to let him
stay there without being locked up,
raying that 4 had confidence enough
to know that he would stay there.
"I weut on up to the home of Mayor
Cooley and got him to come down to
the jail. Here we found Kelly aa I had
left him and the mayor let him out on
a bond of $10. He left tbe place in
company with the mayor and was1
making all sorts of threats against
rae. He cursed and abused me all the
time. Mayor Cooley Uld hun that if
he didn't shut up that he'd put him
back in Jail.
"I met Joe once or twice more that
night and each time he would abuse
and threaten me. Chief Nelson was
awflVe of the facts and he sent me up
in the northern part of the town and
then I went to bed.
"The next morning as I waa com
ing to town, I met Holder, who warn
ed me of Kelly Baying that he was af
ter me and that 1 had better look out
for myself. Not wanting to have any
trouble with the man I went back
home .aid lt was not until 10 o'clock
that I came back to town. My wife
Wanted some needles and asked me to
come for them. I went down to the
store and there I met Joe Kelly in
front of Griffin's* stor."
Here Poore described the seene be
tween bc and Kelly about going out in
the yard. "And when he said G
d- you, you have got to settle it
and right here, I turned and drew my
plRtol "
"What did you dc then?" was asked.
"1 ?hot him."
"How ?msny times did you shoot7"
"? -hof si- tildes -nd th== rz, gun
was empty."
"Why did you load your gun again?"
(Continued on Page 5.)
y WfL#<Ut,vL#f av
tent of Debts
pound. Several merchants at Moul
trie, Rom? and other towns have now
dopt ed the same pian, all agreeing to
hold the cotton off the market for a
year if necessary.
A total of 540 bales has been sold
In Atlanta at ten cette, and thia be
fore the active solicitation bagan?
It is expected that th? work of the
committee this week will roll up sev
eral thousand bales.
Waycross ia to celebrate "Cotton
Daly" nn October 10, the farmers meet
ing near by and coming to the city
with their cottdh In. a body. Plaps
are being made to take care ot "it
all.
OFFICIAL NEWS
OF BIG BATTLE
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF
THE FIGHTING AROUND
PARIS
GERMANS RETREAT
Kaiser's Troops Have Been Re
pulsed All Along Battle Front
and Are Giving Ground
(By Associated Press.)
Paris, Sept. ll.-Thc French mili
tary authorities, who heretofore have
confined tho Information muae puo
llc concerning thc military operations
east of Parla to laconic statements
very general In character, today gave
a lengthy deacrlptlon of the most im
portant battle since the beginning of
hostilities.
Evidently tho left wing of the allied
annie-, facing the northeast has borne
the brunt of the preliminary engage
ments in which the British took such
a promlhent part so well that they
are the object of the bigest compli
ments on thc part of French military
men.
The combat, according to the offic
ial announcement, seems to be de
veloping into an abandonment of at
least the advance positions held by
the Germans who, lt ls announced, are
retiring along a greater part of the
line. TIIIB retirement, is said to have
been for 46 mlloa at nome points.
Furious onslaughts, sometimes by
the French and again by the Germans,
occurred about tho center of an ex
tensive linc in the vicinity of Vitry
LeFrancols.
Three great GoiPian armies com.
mended by General von Kluck, the
Crown Prince Frederick William and
the Duke of Wurtemberg effected a
junction and repeatedly burled them
selves against the French positions
with the greatest vigor, but they were
not able to achieve their seeming ob
ject of breaking the aillos' center and
thus dividing the Anglo-French arm
ies.
The French and British offered an
equally divided resistance, eventu
ally compelling the Germana to with
draw Tbe fighting continued through
out last night and the allies' position,
it ls understood, was injproved today.
A rain storm caused great dlfflcul
iitsa in the marshy o?siricta. but did
not atop tlio operations. The fusfl
ades of the troops and the artillery
duel proceeded all day. It is believ
ed the retiring Germans suffered
more than the allies from the storm
ns their withdrawing columns were
encumbered with baggage and ammu
nition waltons.
The military authorities descrip
tion of the battle follows:
"As we already have denounced,
a batt?t has been taking place since
September 6 over a front extending in
a general way from Paris to Verdun.
"From the outset of this action the
German right wing, the army com
manded by General von Kluck, which
on September 6 had reached the dis
trict to tho north of Provine , was
obliged to fall back because of the
danger of being enveloped. By its
clever and rapid movements* thlr army
was succeeding in escaping from the
allies srip and was throwing itself,
wth the greeter part of ita force
against our enveloping wing to the
north of the Marne ano the west of
the Ou reo river. But the F; en cit
troops which were operating in this
region, powerfully aided by the brav
ery of our British allies, inflicted con
siderable losses cn the enemy and
gained the time necessary to allow
our offensive to press forward and at
pr?tent on that Bide the enemy is in
retreat toward Aisne and the Oise.
"Hie has thus fallen back 37 to 46
miles in four days. In the meantime
the Anglo-French forces which had
been operating to the south or the
Marne have not ceased to pursue their
G?fenelvo. Starting, ?ome of them
from the district south of the forest
of Circy and others from the regions
north of Provins and south or Estor
nay, they opened out from the Marne
on the left, the army of Oenersl von
(Continued On Page Four.).
:-: TEXAS WILL I
Furman Smith, wholesale seedsman,
has received the following interesting
letter from the Pittman & Harrison
Company, ( which has been i%liing
oats in this section for many years.
"Buy a Bale**
The genius who figured out thu
plan of lending aid to the present cot
ton situation In the. South deserves
great credit. Texas bas just enacted
legislation looking to the provision of
warehouses, and nearly eve/y commu
nity in the stat? ot Texas is at pr?s
ent engaged In some effort, the effect
of which wU! be to caro for the first
receipts of cotton aa fair figures
and cause remainder to be held
Hack until conditions make better
aricas possible or the manufacturers
lire ready to absorb lt. We feel that
[you can rely upon Texas doing her
TURKS WILL BE
WITHINRipTS
AMBASSADOR ASSURES AB?
SOLUTE SAFETY TO AMERI- '
CANS IN EMPIRE
NATIONAL RIGHTS
-W
Ottoman Empire b Justified in
Abrogating Treaties, Claims
Turkish Ambassador
(By Associated Press.)
Washington, Sept. ll.-A. Rustem
Bey, the Turkish ambassador, ex
plained to Secretary Bryan ic.?.xf that
Turkey's abrogation ot cor, venions
lind capitulations granting social
privileges to powers was a step ??ken
merely to recover her national rights.
Tho ambassador pointed oat that
the effect of the action was not to
terminate the treaties of 1830 and 1862
between the United States and Tur
key, but to remove extra territorial
rights the American rovernjaent had
en loved -ma er a moat favored nation
clause.
(Joi crament'* View Unknown.
State department officials today bad
not determino what the attitude of the
United States would be. It waa
thought the American government
would wait the initiative of other
powers.
Discussing informally the questions
arising out of the abrogation ot the
conventions, the Turkish ambassador
later suggested that an interesting sit
uation might arise with reference to
Egypt Here, he thought, Great Bri
tain probably would welcome the re
mo vsl of capitule lions, as lt left Bri
nah control ot l??rpt unencumbered
by sp?cial privilegia to other for
eigners. He declined to discuss the
effect of Turkey's action on the Airo?
pean war but emphatically dealed lt
wa? Intended as a pretext for war,
A mo ricans Are Safe.
The ambassador declared that Am
ericau missions Wohld be protected
as formely ixn?e. G?iotnau Uv?. The
principal effects of the abrogation, he
explained, would be to give Turkey
the right to impose whatever customs
duties she desired, to levy profession
al taxes on foreigners and to substi
tute the jurisdiction of Turkish courts
for extra-territorial rights.
The following statement waa au?
thorized by tho ambassador:
"In abrogating the captulatlons
Turkey simply ls recovering national
rights belonging to a nation,, um? of
which were granted by her In the mid
dle ages in unwise moods of ?berall,
ty; others wrested from her; others
again came to be abandoned as a co
rolla of the abandonment of the form
er. The situation can be stated by
toying that Turkey has decided to be
mistress in her own bouse.
"Like any contract which- la Ita
tenor disregards tbe general princi
ples of right, as for instance, a con
tract sHniilstins the sale of cse hu
man being to another, the capitula
tions have no sanction In ethics, and
Turkey was f rea to dissolve them. She
bad tried to. attain that end by nego
tiations, but the powers, bf Europe
subordinated their consent to such
onerous conditions that taking advan
tage of the present situation Turkey
decided to do away with the capitula
tions by an uniloteral decision of her
own.
. .TaeTJnited States enjoys some af
the privileges el the capitulations br
virtue of the most favored aatSfof
clause. Inserted In the .treaty .con
cluded with Turkey In ]?M| that Is,
the United States becamo the bene
ficiar} of the capitulations only fiad*
dentai.y* ?*
. .?The statement that the American
Mihskvaary Incitations in Turkey are
affected by the eapftalsiron ls iaae
enrate.. These fastltatloas exist tr.
Turkey by virtue of general laws gov?
erata? the empire,*1 ?
. .Hew York, Sept ll^-Turkef's a*,
rcgnilon of ,ike .agreements -srlvfas?
special privileges .to .the .power?
means that Americans will be fully M
(Continued on Page y<ftjr|
K) HER PART ?: |
_\. _1_, _t
part, not only In handling the present
crop, but In curtailing the 1915 pro
duction, though this "buy a bale" slo
gan undoubtedly representa the
greatest redemptive pish now before
the people of the south. All success
to if and to every other effort for the
good of the cotton farmer! Lac us
unite, and next season all discourage
the growing of cotton unless there ta
a surer market tor it.
Along with other things, which must
be used to Uk? ap the acreage pre
viously devoted to cotton In the South,
red oaa must naturally ooma in for
a liberal share if not a preponderant
share. Thia is th? universal view ia
Texas where largely Increased acre
ages of both oats and wheat are being
planned and seeded. ^ __,