Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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C H EM A W GAZETTE * A N P * ' FEE GEE FARMER. ; , Editor and Propriolo"" CHEKAW.S. C. WEDNESDAY, MAItCII 13, 183!). Vol. IV. No. 17 rt ?5 m m . Ifpaii within;"uroc months, . . 00 ll paid within throo months afterthe close ofthojvar, - . .'{ 50 It*paid witliiu twelve month? aOer the close of:lieyear, 4 Oj If not pa i i within that f'.rte, - - ~ 04 , Q A comrvny often persons taking the paper ;;t tho same I'.xt Oiiice, shall ho entitled to it at .$'.15 provided the names bo forwarded together, and accompanied by the money. ^ No paper to be discontinued but at the option of the editor till arrearages are paid. Advertisements not exceeding sixteen lines, . inserted for ono dollar the tirst time, and fifty cents, each subsequent insertion Persons sending in advertisements tire request ec. cO specify t!ie number of times I iicy at'" io be ir.sotcd; otherwise they will be continued til! ordered out, and charged accordingly. (LF'i'he Tostago must be paid oa ail communications. Dissolution. TH^HE Finn hitherto existing under the name B_ of Middletoo & King i? this day dissolved by mutual consent of the parties?the business will be conducted by James King who Will receive all debts due to said firm, and pay all demands against iho same. E.G. S. MI DDI,ETON. JA.Mi.3 KING, 5h!nJ Feb. 1839. 16 To Cotton Planters. THE undersigned has located 'himself in Chcraw for tho pnrpose of making and repairing Cotton Gins; and has taken a stand at the corner of front and hvirket streets next door above Mr. F. Long. Mis Gins will be made on the plan of those of Messrs Wm. McCreight &, Son of Winnsboro So. Ca., He will not confmo himself to either the common or rev T>je Gins, b it will make either to order. lie will also make Reversed Grist .Mil's; an article highly approved by those who have had -? - - ?*1 I..,.,,I*.,.! I,..,.rt mem irt op rauou. iuuu. u?-? nu?iuiv>i nanbeen sold in this and the adjoining states. Th ^undersigned hopes to give general satirt'lctm.i !iy assiduity and attention to business, an?l the character and finish of his work. \\r. A. McClvEIGHT. Cheraw, Feb. 27, 15 f StunduiM Works. 5X elegant literature just rcce.ved at t lie Book Store, viz : Hoolc's Tasso's Jerusalem Delivered. Penny Magazine Complete. . Todd's Index Re rum. English Translations, of Xenophon, Caesar, Sallast and Cicero, (Classical Library.) Walter Scull's Works Complete.:in 7 vols. 8vo. Byron's Works, 44 G vols. * 44 ; 1 vol. Svo Shakespeare's Works, 2 vols. ,4 Roger's Poem--, I vol " Milton, Young. Cray and Beatlie 1 44 44 Campbell's Puems, Thomson's Seasons, Arabian Nights. Jan. 30, 1839. 11 _ jf New Works. IN Classical and Miscellaneous Literature, just received at the Bookstore, ?G Prescott's History of Ferdinand and Isabella. 3 vols. Svo, Irviogs Life of Columbus, 3 vols, Svo. Mclulosh'sjllistory of England. Scotts History of Scotland, Robertsons Historical Works 3 vols. 8 vo. Vothake's Political Economy, 1 vol. Svo. ' Potter's Grecian Antiquities ; Adam's Roman Do. Lovcrutts Latin Lexicon ; Andrews and Stotidirds Latin Grammar ' Feltcn's Homer's Siaid; Anthoa's Caesar, Sallast and (. icero, A union's new Greek Grammar; ICiikham's English Grammar. Emerson's North American Arithmetic, 1st 2nd and 3rJ Parts. Jan. 30,1839. Notice. PERSONS indebted to the Estate of David G. Coit, late o Marlborough District, arc requested to nuke payment to tho Rev. J. C Coit, whose receipts will be received by ino for ail payments that may b3 made between this time and the 13th of March next. JOHN CAMPBELL, Administrator. January l&h, 1630. 10 tf BURN'S MILLS rjlllESE Mills five miles below Chcravv arc JL now in complete order for sawing lumber, grinding corn and whoat and bolting flour. The bolting cloths arc new and of a superior qu dity The Proprietor intendsto remain at the mills the present year and will give his personal attention to all the business of tho mills, lie hope? by punctual attention to business, not only, merit, but get a large share of custom in the above line of business. J. W. BURN Chesterfield, District S. C. Jan. 22d, lb33. ?. Prospectus of the American Museum. THE American Museum of Literature auc the Arts will comb ino the soli lir v of a re. view with tho lighter miscellany cf a magazine besides impartial reviews of important works and short notices ol minor literary production; by the Editors, it will embrace essays, talcs, his tories, poetry, literary and scientific intelligence and translations from stanJard and periodica works in other languages, contributed by sonn Of the ablest writers of tho day. The Magazine will also contain a scries of re. views o!such writfisas have by their talent! t#hed lustra upon American literature. These rc views will be accompanied by potraits of the an thors, engraved on steel by the best artists. The work will be beautifully printed, with new type, upon fine p iper. and will make two volumes cacli year, cf more than 200 pages each. Agencies will be established in the principal cities, and arrangements made to deliver the worfc free of postage. As the Museum is printed on a medium and a half sheet, tho higncst postage that can be charged to any part of the country, fei one year, will bo $1 50. Persons desirous ol acting as ? rents will apply post paid. Terms $5 per annum, payable on delivery of the brsi number?five copies ?20. NATHAN C BROOKS, J. E. SNODGRASS. Editors aud Proprietors, Baltimore. Editors favorab'o to the cause of literature and desirous of an exchange, wiJJ please cop\ thA above Wines, j M L S ( received anil for sale, Oliatnpaignc M Trn^rifT, Sicily, Port, Musca1 Hoc ar:<l Wines, and lor salo by JOllN iMALLOY & Co NovornjeriJSlh, 133*. 2 if 4 | MULBitRKY TREKS AND TIIK SILK DL*SiN'E Extract from a Utter from Mr. Chance Stone of Biirf'tiiglon, N.J. I In replying to your cjuttslions it will be nc | cessur / l*. 11* in j briefly to recapitulate then 1 J lave you been long eiigiged in cu ! rivaling the mulberry 1 2. What species of morns do you deei preferable, and what kind ofsoilsu.tsit 1 est 3. What is the best mode ot propagaunj ; planting, i::?d managing it ? j 4. What is the value, expense and prof i on an acre of mulberry trees for the fir j five years inclusive ? i 5. What kind of worm do you considc | the most valuable ? 6. What help does it require to ra'so 10 j pounds of silk ? First.?I am one of the number who fir: cornmenc.d the silk business in this vie in i ty, and have devoted the two last yeai 1 with close application practicably to thecu j ture of th# mcrus multicauiis and rearin the silk worm. j Second.?1 have taken much intere: j during the last few years in comparing th ! relative qualities of the different mulherries 1 and at present I know of none better tha | the moius multicauiis for tins and the mor I southern latitudes for thesilkbusiness. Th ; Alpine, the Cuu on, and the Iirussr, nre|c> 1 cedent species, and may be well adapted t j die more northern latitudes. Most of th different species 1 have seen, which are foui ! teen or fifteen varieties, require four or fiv \ ears' growth before having much foliag ! to part with ; but the multicauiis will yiel 1 a large quantify the lirrt year's growt i without injury to the free, and is eaten wit great avtdi y by thesiik worm. The mu bevvy that ?smost productive of fruit is let ! r>./wlii,ittra nP iniiair/i Tlin m i J! ir?a I ll c niY j JH^UUV-HIU VI X IIV IllUlilV^Uiw |M? 1 duces very little fruit, and is not often grow from the seed. It will flrurish on all soii whorejhe peach docs. To select a location en which to plant field for the silk business, 1 would preft | undulating grounds, having a deep niello1 loam, nod mixed with sand and grave! sufl | cient to prevent :!.e soil from banking c i cru-ting. I Third. ? After having the ground made ' mellow, lay out the field in rows abot I lour feet apart; an i the surest mode, tak ing one season with another, is to lay tli tree down full length and cover deep enoug ! t<? keep moist."' Tite tin e for planting i ; t.T?s latitude, 1 thin : will he during the firs and second weeks in April, in common sen ; sons. By planting a field ofrn jlbemes i ; litis mode they must be taken up in the ai j tutnn, as they will stand too near each otli i t r to remain in the ground. But to plar a field of mulberries not to bo taken up i ; the fall, my own views are to lay out th I rows ab ut five feet apart, and in the autura ] take up every other tree in the rows, leav j mg ihem standing four feet apart; the rc j mainder to have t\o tops cut ofif near th ground in ho fill.f In luc following spring ! many sh ots from each stump will s art u 1 with vigor, and produce an abuuJancc c j foliage, and easy to be gathered. An j where the field is large, I think t very fifi row may be omitted and not planted, bi | used as passage for a cart or wagon i ! which to transport the foliage to the cocoor ery. Our experiments made this seaso ! have proved/he feasibility, that mulberr | trees treated in the above manner will full | the most sanguir.o anticipations. | Fourth.?To answer this question it wi require sonic philosophical speculation as the feeding of silk worms from an acr I O ! of multicauli of four or five years growl | ni.s not been done by me, or under my ol i sprtfatinn. Ar the rate of fifty pounds < | reeled silk :o the acre has been produc. | ?rom ihe firs. year's growth'of trees.?Hi from an novtnbe planted in the munm I have described, 80 pounds the first yet will be a fa r production, and by leaving tl ,! re )'s in tii?ground and pruning tlie lops i ?j the autumn, I deem it not extravagnt to est ] mute one hundred pounds reeled silk year I 0,1 a" average, the fonr succeeding yea j after the first year's growth of trees. After the cocooneries and fixtures for feci ingare prepared, we can feed the silk worn * nd reel the silk at an expense not over tw I dohars and fiity cents per pound and it ..ion worth from four dollars and fifty ccn j io six do.'hrs a pound to the manufacture '} j Fifth.?At present I know of nono 1 pr . j ^cr !o die white mammoth worm, so colic , but we have a kind that spins a large yc 1 low cocoon, and is a very good kind. T1 "In South, or North Carolina tho growth ' the trees is so much more luxuriant than in Nc . i Jersey and the price of land so low that the 101 i ought to be S or 0 feet apart except in very po ! j land. + Laying the trees and limbs lengthwise aloi ' the low, will doubtless do well ; but more wo I i fbr the subsequent propagation of the tree, 1 well as more foliage for feeding, may be pro Juc ( from a given number of trees, by dividing the r into cuttings; which cf course, is tho mc f | profitable method, telong as any thing Jiko t | j present scarcity and price of trees last. Afi j tho supply of the tree shall equal the demand, t i aim will bo to raise the greatest amount of folia from the least quantity of land, or with tho loi ! labor; it is now to raise tho greatest length ! j Iroo, or the greatest number of buds from a giv t etook. silk of the white is v.orth most. We have a j c , i kind called the "wo crop kind, that can be 1 t,! reproduced the same year, but they spin a ! y small cocoon. i !s Sixth.? It requires a person having ex-! lr I perience to take charge of the feeding, who j n j can manage during the first week ulotie p "", a fertile tvnr-nsha cii, and ;:i. s.-- and week a vv I hoy or gin will be wanted to pick leaved, I and after that another person, equal to j s' a full hand, will be all that will be required j ^ '* | to finish the crop, Mthich be about three hun- ^ !* i dred thousand in number. P c calculation I expect the coccoon-; " | cry to be convenient to the mulberry field. , ^ ^ ; It requires two hands to change the worms ; h ! dextrousiv, but they can attend to that in r? ! the morning when the dew will be upon the : *, | leaves and to gathering the foliage after the 1 c 11; dew shall disappear. A s ock o( leaves j a | will always bepvanted before hand, lest there j c I should be rainy weather, when they cannot j v ;r j gaiher them. j ? ? i e ft ! . ; | Those wlio raise silk and wishing to sell \ 'j | it in its raw state, hud belter reel it into j11 . , skeins, and it is then in a merchantable con- i tj ^ Jition. jl' 8 I have answered your interrogatories in ; e a manner that appears most feasiole to my j SJ 8 views, but I do not pretend to lay down any : ^ j particular modes or systems as applicable j ti 5 ; to ull future generations. i 11 e ' ti ; 1 THE LW1TTD STATES, MAINE, AND GREAT BRI- ' J, n ' TAIN. "i i c ; The following is a copy of tiie Message ! b e transmitted by the President of the United Ij > ; States to both flouses o( Congress on Tues? si o ; day the 26th February. si e I lay before Congress several despatches j a [" fromjiis Excellency the Governor of Maine, i p e ; with enclosure, communicating certain pro- ! g ;e cecdings of the Legislature of that State, and i si d 1 arcopy of the reply of the Secretary of a h I State, made by my directiou, together with o h note from H. S. Fox, Esq. Envoy Extra- j o 1- | ordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of j fi * ' Great Britain, with the answer of the Sec- j u ) j tery of State to the same. i w n I it will appear from those documents that j c Is i n niimomnc hnnd of lawlp&s nnd desnerate I r. men, chiefly f? om the adjoining British pro- : n a vinces, but wiihout the authority or sane- j d !r, tion of the Provincial Government, had trcs- j tl * passed upon that portion of the territory in ' v i-1 dispute between the United States and ' si r ' Great Britain which is watered by the river c j Aroostook, and claimed to belong to the ti * ! State of Maine ; and that they had eommit?t: ted extensive depredations there by cutting ti - and destroying a very large qnantity of u e timber. It will further appear, that iho c h Governor of Maine, ha* ing been officially it n ; apprized of the circumstance, had cominun. ei ? , icated it to the Legislature, with a recom- v ' j mendation of such provision?, in addition to ; S n ; those already existing by law, as would en- e ' | ib'e him to arrest the course of said dep. a i- nidations, disperse the trespassers, nnd se. a u j cure the timber which they were about c n j carrying away ; that, in compliance with tc e j a resolve of the Legislature, passed in pur. b n i suance of his recommendation, his Excel- a r- j lency had despa ched the land agent of the j ti - 1 State, with a force deemed adequate to that tl e , purpose, to the scene of the alleged depreda- tl tions, who, after accomplishing apart of his ti P duy, was seized by a band of the trcspus- e ?' 6ers, at a house claimed to be within the o d jurtsd ction of Maine,whither he had repair- rr h ed for the purpose of meeting nnd consul- J b it ting with tht land agent ofthe Province of ; s: n New Brunswick, and conveyed as a prison- t< i* er to Frederiekion, in thai Province, togeth. h n er with two other citizens ofthe State, who I y were assis-ting him in the discharge of his ti il duty. tl It will also appear that the Governor and ji H i Legislature of Maine, satisfied that the ires.. 1 St | passers had acted in definance'of the laws t< 0 i of both countries, learning that they wetein c h | pesession of ar s, and anticipating (cor- ( - ' ' -- ' 1. I J" { recuy, QS inc rcsuil iiua piuvcuy mill, ^?v.i - v ; tons of their reckless and d?sperate charac- L ,(* ! :er waai'J set at naught the nnthojitv of the a magistrates, without the aid of a strong ! c ir I torce, nud authorized the sheriff and the j s lr j officer appointed in the place of the land ! t< ,e ! agent, to employ, at the expense of the j j State, an armed posse, who had proceeded j I ' to the scene of these depredations, with a j d 'y ; view to the entire dispersion or arrest of the p rs \ trespassers and the protection of the p*'. v ; he property. it J- j in the correspondence between the Gov. C 18 ! crnor of Maine and Sir John Harvey, Lieu, e [? j tenant Governor of the Province of New tl is , Brunswick, which has grown out of these j ( ; occurences, and is likewise herewith com- j S r- Imunicated, the former is recall the armed f o e* ; party advanced into the disputed territory js i for the arrest of trespassers, and is inform, e j ed that a strong body of British troops is to (I 1C ' be held in readiness to support and protect i ij the authority and subjects of Great Britain j o ! in said territory. In answer to that request.; r w [ the Provincial Governor is informed of the < v *s i determination of the State of Maine to sup- , n or | port th? land agent and his party in the per- ! tl ! formance ol their duty, and the same deter- i r mination for the execution of which provis. j c ?d, ion is made by a resolution of the State j r as 1 Legislaluse, is communicated by the Gov*' a ed i crnor to the General Government. j a !?n The Lieutenant Governor of New Brun- c >rc j swick, in calling upon the Governor of; a he I Maine for the recall ol the land noent and !v f i i Lcr : his party from the disputed territory, and | f he ' th'* Brtish Minister, in making a similar dc- j t go mand upon die Government of the United j t iSt States, proceed upon the assumption that j u 0f an agreement exis:s between the two na- fc en tions conceding to Great Britain, until the t1 ! final sectfleme.jt of the boundary euest'on.: t xclusive possession of, and jurisdiction ovei ietcrit:ry in dispute. The importan e:.ring which such an agreement, if it ex ;tcd, would liave upon the condition oik iterests of the parlies, and the infaj nee i light have upon the adjustment of liiodis uic, are too obvious :o allow the error upoi 't:ich this assumption reems fo rest to nos )i a moment without correction. Ti e an vnr of the Secretary ofState to Mr. Fox' oie will show the ground lake; hy tin lovcrnmcnt of the United Stales poti tiii; oint. It is believed that all the correspon ence which has passed between the tw< lovernments upon this subject has alrcadt eeri communicated to Congress, and i; e* on their files. An abstract of i;, how vcr, hastily prepared, accompanies ihi: ommunication. It is possible that in the bridgiug a voluminous correspondence omtncncing in 1825 and continuing t* s cry recent peiiod, u portion may havi een accidently overlooked ; but it isbcliev d tlmt nothing lias taken place which woul< laterinlly change the aspect of the ques on as therein presented. Instead of sus tining the assumption of the British func. onaries, that correspondence disproves tlx xistence cf any such agreement. I hows that the two Governments have dif -red not only in regard to the main ques on of titlo to the territory in dispute, bu rith reference also to the righto jurisdic 0:1, and the fact ol the actual exercise of i i different portions thereof. Always aim g at an amicable adjustment of the dispute nth nartics have entertained and rcneated ? , __ _ _ , ; urged upon each other a desire that cacl hould exercise its rights, whatever it con idered them to be, in such a manner as t< void collision, and allay, to the greates racticable extent, the exoilemcnt likely t< row out of the controversy. It was in pur uanceofsuchan understands that Main< nd Massachusetts, upon the remonstrant** f Great Britain, desisted from making sale f lands, and ihe General Governmcn *om the construction of a projec.ed mili *ry road in a portion of the territory o liich they claimed to have enjoyed the ex lusivc possession ; and that Great Britain n her part, in deference to a similar ra tonstrance from the United S ates, suspen ed the issue of licenses to cut timber it ie teriitory in controversy, and also the sur ey aod location of a railroad through i 5ction of country over which she a!s< laimed to have exercised exclusive jurisdic on. The State of Maine had a right to arres ie depredations complained of; itbclonge ) her to j -dge of the exigency of the oc asion calling for her interference ; am is presumed that had the Lieutenant Gov rnor of New Brunswick ccen correctly ad iscd of the uature of the proceedings of 'h tale of Maine, he would not have regard d the transaction as requiring, on his part ny resort to force. Each party claiming right to the territory, and hence totheex lusive jurisdiction over it, is ^manifest thai > prevent the destruction of the lim er by trespassers, acting against thi uthonty of both, and at the sarm me avo id forcible collision bctweei 10 contiguous Uovernmon's uurmj le pendancy of negotiations concerning l?< lie, resort must be hud to the mutua ex rcise of jurisdiction in such extreme cases r to an amicable and temporary arrange )ent as to the limits within which it shoult e exercised by each party. The under landing supposed to,exist between the Uni id States and Great Eritain has been oun( eretoforc sufficient for that purpose, anc believe will prove so hereaf.er, if the par es on the frontier, diredtly interested it leonestion, are respectively governed by i jst spirit ofconciliaiion and forbearance I it shall be found, as there is now rcasoi d apprehend, that there is, in the modes a onstruing that understanding by the tw< Governments, a difference not to be recon iled, I shall not hesitate to propose to he Iritanic Majesty's Govcrhment a distinc rrangemcnt for the temporary and mufun xercise of jurisdiction by means of whic imilar difficulties mny in future be prevcr 2(1. But between an effort on the part of Main 0 preserve tlw property in dispute fron eslruction by intruders, and a military occc ation by that S ate of the terri orv. with i iew te hold it by force, while the settlemen 1 a subject of negotiation between the twi Governments, there is an essential differ nee. as well in respect to the position o ic State, as to the duties of the Genera Government. In a letter addressed by tin lecretary of State to the Governor of Maine n the 1st of March last, giving t detniloi tatement of the steps which had been tak n by the Federal Government to br.n< ie controversy to a termination, and des ffu.rt tr\ nnnri7ft tlip t^ftVHrnorof that SiUtl ?..v? ? f the views of the Federal Executive ii espect to the future, it was stated, tha vhtle the obligations of the Federal Govern nent to do all in its power to elfect the set lemenlofthe boundary question were full; ecognised, it had, in the event of being una i!c to do so specifically, by mutual consen to other means to accomplish that objec imicably,than by another arbitration, or b i conirmsion with aa umpire in the natur >fan arbitration ; and that, in trie event c ill other measures fui.ing, the Prcsider vould foci it his du y to submit anothei pro osition to the Govenimont of Great Hri ain, to refer the decision of the questio o a third Power. These are still my view ipon the subject and ami! this step sha lave been talicn, I cannot think it propc o invoke the attention ?f Congress to oiht Inn amicable means for the settlement c the controversy, or to cause the militan it | power ot the Federal Government to b< - i brought in aid of the Stnte of Maine, in an) I attempt to tfl ct that object by a resort t( II force. . On the other hand, if the authorities o a ! New Brunswick should attemp- to enforct 3 tiie claim of exclusive jurisdiction set up hj . | liiein, i>y means cl a military occuj-ation ??i s their part o? the dispo < <! terr/ory, I glial ? fee! my self houno to consider t eco..t (ig n s cy pn>vid d for by the Constitution -?s uav . ing occurred, on t e happening of wnich < ) State has he rignt to call for the aid ofthi f Fed ral Government to repel invasion, s I have expressed to the British Ministo . i near this Gover.nent a confident exports s i Hon that the agents of the State of Maine s 1 who have been arrested under an obviou t misapprehension of the object of their mis i sion, will be promptly released; and to th< ?! Governor of Maine, that a similar coursi . | will be pursued in regard to the agents of hi . n " ?t *- -- j ; rrovince 01 xxevv tsrunswici:. 1 have nls< - j recommended hat any miliatia tha* rnui . | have been brought together by the State o . i Maine, from an apprehension of a ccliisici 3 j with the Government or people of r .e Bri t: fish Province, will be voluntarily and nonce ' * 4 - j ably disbanded. . j 1 cannot allow myself to doubt that tin t result anticipated from these representation .1 will be reasonably realized. The partie t: mo e immediately interested cannot but per . ceivc that an appeal to arms, under exist , (ing circumstances, will not only prove fata .! to their present interests, but would po t i 1 pone, if not defeat, til attainment of th< .; main objects which they have in view. Th< jj very incidents winch recently oecured wil 11 necessa ily awaken the Governments to tin d j importance of promptly adjusting a disput . by which it is now hi ide rn .nifest that tlv b peace otth two nations is daily and imrr.i i i nenily endangered. This expectation i s further warranted hy the general forbeart i unce whici. has hither.o characterized lb -: conduct of the Government and people o f both sides of the line. In the uniform pat ot Maine, tier attachment to the Lni, ion, her respect for the wishes of the pco1 pie of her s ster Spates, of whose interest ii -; Iter welfare she cannot be unconscious, an i j m the solicitude felt by the country a: larg . i forthe preservation of peace vith our neigh a1 bors, we have a strong guaranty that sh 1 will not disregard the request that h s b-'Q -! made of her. I As, however, the session of Congress i >t about to terminate, and the agency of th d Executive may become necessary durin . | the recess, it is important that the attentio j j of the Legislature should be drawn to tli \ cons id-rut ion of such measures as may h - ; calculated to obviate the necessity of aca e for an extra session. With that view, - have thought it my duty to lay the who! '?j matter before you, and to invite suchactioi thereon as you may think the occasion re " quires. ' M. VAN BUIIEN. ! Washington, February, 26,1839* " ! The Message and Documects were re e j fcried to the Committee on Foreign Rela 3 i tions. I REPORT. 3 OF Till: INSTIGATING C /il.MITTEE. Prefatory Remarks. ; mi _ o_ . r~y .. I .L . | ine aeeci v^ommiiice, cnosen uy m ] ; Houso of Representatives on the 17ih an I 19 h ultimo, to investigate the defalcation - of Samuel Svvartwout, late collector of th i customs at the port of New York, and c J oth**r officers, have devoted to the faithfi discharge of the duties assigned them th t ; limited time allowed for the purpose by tli i ' shortness of the present session of Congrest . | It was most obvious, however, thai tli l | whole field of inquiry presented by th f j resolu'ion appointing the Committee, not h d properly traversed to report thereon, eilhc satisfactory to the country or to the Corr r mittee, during the short remainder *>f th t present Congress. This impressed upo il the Committee at once a resold? o. Ii has been rightly adhered to, ot liuiuing .n i. ivestigatioi to such branches of the su'.-j o referred to them as had most deep y excite c public anxiety and alarm, anJ to undcrtak a only so much of these as might be thorougl i- Iv exhausted within the alloted period i a j tne Committee's researches. But the im * 1 ?-' "'...lin liaun houn nIt;iIDMf Il i punuiu niui,ii iiuim wvii o | notwithstanding the disadvantages advene - j to, cannot fail to inspire the country with ?f confident hope, that the high obligatio i! which will rest upon the successors of tli e ; present Congress in the Legislature^ of th % nation, to resume ar.d complete the grei rJ work of investigation and reform of lli . alarming condition and abuses of the Ex< ; cutive departments of the Government, froi - the highest to the lowest, and from the nea e est to the remotest functionaries, will er j gage the prompt and efficient aitentiu t j which its magnitude demands, i. j Guided solely by the character of thedt i velopments which the investigation impose y , upon them by the House has elucidate! - the Committee cannot r< sisi the convictioi t, that at no period in the history of the Federi ;t; Government 1ms there been deeper or be y ! ter founded cause than exists at the preset e i moment, for every patriot heart to desire >f j prompt consummation of that signal "tas U J of reform" which public sentiment man i- ! years since inscribed on the list of Executii ' ' - -- Inn loalhl* in 1)P. OVei [ I (LIU I C S1 / fi t/tU/ UUtl / J ft ft/ w ?v ? v ? n looked, requiring, "particularly, tlio correc s lion of those abuses that have brought th II patronage of the Federal Government int r : conflict wit.'i freedom of elect ons and ill ;r f cc iiteraction of those causes which ha* >f disturbed 'h? rigb'Td ours' of appoin'mnr j i and Imve placed rconlinu : ;v v. sr ,in* ? faithful of iu< o* p.??t .. . > " f | Til ,r - P i- ?; Cf:C ?.' : a; '.tee# )' after ? ... ee fur . aa to | \isit * <. o: Sbv YoriCts ? - tbere^ f! :i) {it*,so" cr:% i : ?r'3s 2'3il p^.* ?| purs ot \!5'C'n.}:--aii. n co ^ I Willi lliC f vU ' . ion .'il . . *' l't* v/I j might be su,.;, .*. s d ; g IlgW ' . upon me inqj fuj i?v : e defuica-i .It-?? * Tr.:.e forwv.2 I . r. t S ->4 - * < 'I .> as COUclUCLi eUjj pursuant to .{:-i resolution of th? iio;>e, ? viz. 10 ascertain *"tiie causes and extent* ol those deluica,; ons; the length of tune r they iiavc existed; the corrnctuuss of tm? . re; urns which c bt c-n made by ' . Swnrtwout, and bj t.ic, naval officers cous nected win tne adjustment 01 tils accounts. Concurren ly wi n tee investiga; 1011 of Mr. a Swartwou''s defalcations, those Wiiiiam M. , ia;e district attorney jii New York, ,, were likewise k- pt in view ; and the fullest 3 practicable extent of information resptecuog .. them has 'on obtained, and wdi be advert* f i ed :o tn the seque l, of this report, The rorrecmessof the returns which ha-flt> ^ ^ i been m ida by the present collector of ctfle ? * V } toms and die navcii officer at the port-df * V.^ * ! New Yor.-t, was also sought to be examined r, by the Committee while in that^city. **Qwil-_ * / * sidermg that the customs collected .New s York equal nearly two thirds ot- the janole . 4 amount m all the United St les," as stated. in ihespt ciai report of the Secretary of the 1 Treasary on Mr. Swurtwout's defalcations, (House doc. 13, p. 6, of the preseul session,) P the Committee d.d not suppose that they p should taithlullv discharge their dutv to the ^ * O # [i House, or pay a proper deference to that B pa; riotio distrust which pervades the co^ne try at he present tune in regard to the af. e fairs of the custom-house at New York, . were they to limit their ioqu>ries to the re. s turns of the late collector and naval office/, _ and negiect emire.y those of their successors, e which must, at all times, be to the country n of equal interest with the former, and, at ibw _ presem time, of even more immediate inf_ i oortance to the security of the national _ I Treasury. Brit, in the execution of ao much n ) of this part of their inquiries as related to the d | present collectuf'of New York, they were e ; compelled to encounter most unexpected ob_ stacies, interposed by the collectot himself e and setting at defiance the authority delegan ted to the Committee by the ilouse. The ! tacis connected with the baf&ed endeavors js { of the Committee to obtnin information for ie I the House and country feouiihU- ottCer^cT a | the executive branch of the Government, n ! who is in immediate charge of and control e ' over public moneys that "equal nearly twoQ I thirds of the whole amount" collected from U | customs ,#in all the Unit d Slates," will be I ; more specially detailed in a subsequent pere tion of this report. , ^ The Committee will remark here, liist, in j the onset of the investigation they have made, they supposed it both prok er and aafe to pla"e themselves somewhat confidingly under the guidance of the several special reports which had been made to the House upon the subject of Mr. Swartwout's defalcations, by the Treasury officers, previous 10 the appointment of the Committee?comn.ning, in tins view, reports from the Secretary of the Treasury, the First Auditor of the Treasury, as exhibited in House docuft ment 13. It, however, very soon became d evident that those reports were not to be irais pi citly relied on as auxiliaries in finding e out either the law or the facts of the casd? )f and that, on the contrary, they furnished bet il an oblique view of both the causes and duie ration of Mr. Swar.wouTs defalcations, a# ie also of the law of many material facta which 3. devclope the true character of those defalcaie lions. Of necessity, therefore, these rel6 ports, although cm.ma:iog from the highest ,e orders of official functionariesemployed ra ' I /.nllonflnn on/I /liokiiHMno.nt i }f I lilt! tUIICVUUtl UUU UiOUUIBCIKCIil V- lll^|IUV* ). I lie revenues, became tbe subjects of as cadr ie tious and critical examination as an\ o be n | pinions of evidence which tbe b ser.tc.!, at ! > such it will be ooi-g-.' ' 10 i upon the Committee to treat them >n ts I report. d | In reviewing the details of their labors,-* e | ilia the progress and results of them may be ). presented in the simplest form, the Com)f mittee propose to consider? iw Part 1. The defalcations of Mir. Swartj, womf. d Part II. The defalcations of Mr. Price. ^ a Part III, The correctness of the retur^flk n i which iiave been made by the preseitt c^Kpr e lector and naval officer ofllie port of New a York, respectively. . .f> r it Part IV. The defalcations among ree ceivers of the public money*. . t ^ ?. Part. V. The fac:s connected with the ti oregoing defalcations, and deemed material r. to develop their true charac'er. j. Each of the divisions thus proposed will m proper!/involve n.c law appert.i: in o - - a ?.?i I a3 ;ne uj'j? auju.m VI m nn? ! as the'fadguage of the law itself will m each (J instance w 11 be addjc<-'d,ti at i?s import and J, force may be left neither to uncertain cotli, struction or doubtful inference. The inil creased fidelity of their report, in the estit mation ot the Committee, will be, by this it mode, an ample offset to its consequent ena largemenf. k Before proceeding to (i:e gneia; top.es y of this report, as already la d down, it may ie be proper here'to express the deep sense of disappointment and regret w hich the Com: mittee feel, in not. being able to cotwnuni. ie cate to the House one document that was o called for ul an earl/ day, regarded as hav it; | K ^ e i *Inangural address ofPresident Jaeksou# i'J Mar. 4. I?e9. * d -