Cheraw gazette and Pee Dee farmer. [volume] (Cheraw S.C.) 1838-1839, January 02, 1839, Image 1
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- C H E R A W GAZETTE ' :
<%r *: j 7 - ,v?/ ' V.;.
* - AND
* * ?
PEE DEE PARMER.
: ml M..L..O, BHi.or Md Proprietor! chebawtc WSnESDAY. JANUARY ? ,?3<f } ~ "vol IV. No. 7.
? awli w.-r^B^TOa ?1 . ._ . J?g^?BKawaB??BBH??>*
* ,
???ii 11 iraaascnanam^MitwsKigagagsg
m si "5 ^ yp?
a cai m ? arts >d
If paid within three months, - . 330.
If paid within three months after the close
of the year, 3. 50
If paid within twelve months after the
close of the year 4 00
If cot paid within that time, .... 5 00
A company often persons taking the paper at
tho same Post Otfice, shall be entitled to it at ?25
provided the names bo forwarded together,_and
ucompanied by the money.
No paper to be discontinued but at he option
of tho Editor till arrearages are paid.
Advertisements not exceeding sixteen lines,
inserted for one dollar the first time, and
fifty cents, each subsequent insertion
Persons sending in advertisements are request- i
etl to specif}' the number of limes they are to be
iuse?ted; otherwise they will be continued till
ordered out, and charge*! accordingly. **
UTThe Postage must be paid on all coininu
nications
?MB?WW?IBtlJWWWM?WW
South Carolina.
Afav AoDlicant vs. .Tame* C. Mas.
.'ULAttiiUv* r j
scy Sarah his wife, Pleasant II. May, James D. I
Cash and Mary B. his wife, the children of
Win. B. May Deceased, Hampton B. Hammond j
and Rosa E. his wife defendants.
It appearing to my satisfaction that all the
above named Defendants reside without the
limits of th is State, it is therefore ordered that
tho said Defendants do appear bofore me in the
Court of Ordinary to be held for Chesterfield !
District, on mond iy the 17th day of February j
next to object to the 9ale or division of the Real !
Estate of Peter May Esq. Deceased, or their j
consent will be entered of record.
TURNER BR VAX, Ord'v.
C. D. (
lfi.
li 8t
South Carolina.
Junes Chapman vs. Rebecca Adam?4 Lewis
Graves, Win. Riekkits, ami Nanev his wile,
Richard Graves, Mm. Graves, Noiil McNeill j
an 1 Martha his wile, and Thomas Graves Dc. J
iendants. 1
? It appearing to my satisfaction that all the)
Defendants above named reside without this j
state. It is therefore ordered that they appear)
before me in the Court of Ordinary to he held for j
Chesterfield District on monday, the 17th day
of Fcbruery next, to object to the sale or division J
oithe Real Estate of Richard Graves Deceased, '
v&r their consent will l>c entered of Record.
TURNER BRYAN, O. C. D.
16th December, 183S.
G cSt
Sheriff's Safe#.
ON the first Monday in January next, will he
sold by order of the Court of Ordinary at
Chesterfield C. II. within the legal hunts ot sale '
the following property viz:
All the tract of land whereon. Duncan D.
McRte of Chesterfield District, resided, lying)
on both sides of Simme's Creek, adjoining the '
Archibald McQn e and others, eon-'
taining 307 acres more or less.
Terms.?The sum that will be necessary to
defray the expenses of the sale u ill be required
in cash on the day of sale. For ihc balance
note and good security with interest from the
day of sale payable on the first day of October j
next, and a mortgage of the premises if deemed !
necessarv.
A. M. LOWRY, Shir. C. 1).
17th December, 183b.
(i- 3i
Marlborough Academy.
THE exercises of this flourishing In>iitulion
will recommence on the second Monday
in January next, under tlio direction of
Mr. Charles M. T. MoCauley as Principal in tlie
Male, and the Miss Simpsons inPlhe Female de.
partment.
In the Male department general course of
studies will be embraced, c ilculated to prepare
young men for admission into any of the most I
respectable Colleges.
In the female departmcni a thorough course
of English studies, embracing a variety of Orna.
mental branches will be pursu 'J, together with
the French, and perhaps other languages 11 necessary,
and music.
The scholastic year wil] embrace two sessions
of 22 weeks each. The tuition for each of which
will bo required in advance ; nor will allowance
be made for any other than unavoidable with
drawals.
The rates of tuition arc various according to !
grade, but perhaps more reasonable than at any
other Institution of equal respectability in the
state. Whilst Board may bo attained in the best
houses, Public or Private at from ?7 to ?10
per month.
These literary faciiitics presented in the Vil.
lage of Bcnnettsvillo, distinguished for health, !
morality, sociability and refinement, thy Board I
ofTrustees confidently deem sufficient to induce 1
extensive patronage.
To the surrounding country, to whose liberality
and patronage each department of the Institution
is already indebted for ils commodious
? ?.wi ominn,,) ivopctabilitv the Board
Ciruv;iujc a.uu
think it unnecessary to make an appeal, as ieadi. ;
ly might they suppose that a luxury when ob.
tained would not be enjoyed : but to those who
in absence of such facilities have to seek them
abroad, this advertisement is moro particuiorly
directed.
JAMES C. THOMAS,
Secretary B iard Trustees.
Bennettsville, S. C. Dec. 'dO, 1838.
The Fayettcvillc Observer will please insert
the above until next February and prescut its
account to B. D. Towusend, Trcasuree.
6 Gt
Wanted.
r A good draught and saddle horse. En.
quire at this office.
Assigned Estate.
SIIADRACH MITCHELL deceased, di i in
his in lifetime make an assignment to me
of all his estato both real and personal of every
discription for the benefit of his creditors as set
forth in the assignment. This is therefore to re?
J L- > - .1? ?: j
quest all persons wuo are inuciuuu 10 imc- saiu
hadrach Mitchell to come forward and make
payment without delay and .ail persons h ivinp
demands against liim will bring them properly
attested within the time prescribed by Uw oj
They will not be attended to.
D. S. HARLLEE, Assignee.
December 12 h, 183$.
4 6t
A House and Lot for Sale :
f Ja >HE Subscriber offers for sale his residence
JL together with a tract of 50 acres of land
upon which . is located.
^ocietv Hill, Dec. 10, J 838.
T. P. LIDE.
4?.
Coni Meai. j JA
supply of fresh ground corn meal, con- ' *
stantiy on hand, and for sale by !
D. MALLOY, j w
April J8th, 1833. | at
23 in
Administrators Notice. jfe
ALL persons indebted to the late John T. ! ^
Ilinsou, \vill please mako {payment to the j .
subscriber forthwith ; and all persons havingde. *l]
niands against the intestate will present them sil
.properly proved, within the tiiuo prescribed by gj
law, or this notice will he plead in bar of their j
recovery. .
ALEXANDER GRAHAM, Admr. j ar
Chcraw, S. C. Feb. 1838. 14-tf CC
s- its
Overcoats & Cloak's. &
JUST received by our Pole Boat, 4 dozen i s:'
Ladies Cloaks (assorted qualities) also a gen- j Ju
eral assortment of Gentlemens Cloaks, Cloth
and Blanket. Overcoats, which will be sold on ' jQ
accomodating terms bv
JNO. MALLOV, &. Co. ' Lu
November 28th, 1838. j
2" tf ipr
. ?. i be
AGRICULTURAL. d|!
? CO
AMERICAN SILK. ?j'<j
Can the cultivation of siik bo profitably
carried on in the United States ? Such is the
question that isalmost dailyusktd bylhosc
who see that in engaging therein the people
of this country, it which wages are higher]
than in any other part of the world, must! ne
compete with those of India, in which wa- j be
gf's are lower than in any oilier part; and | de
as it is a matter ofsome importance to come ' clc
to a right conclusion, wo deem it not amiss j he
:o our readers to offer a few remarks for gn
their consideration. j co
The re tson whs the inoaey pri? e of la* J wc
bor is high in tiie United 8 ates is, th it it is j it '
aided to so great an extent by capital, skill, Ni
and intelligence, and therefore produces a J urr
large quantity of the commodities for which j let
other nations are willing to give gold and j s;c
silver; and the reason why i s price is low : Lij
in Intii t and France is, that there is an ab. }.mt
senco of capital, skill and intelligence, and [ of
the laborer product s a very small quantity
ot commodities to be exchanged with other vu
nations tor the precious metals. We do not tv?
pay a mechanic or a laborer high wages be. ?r
cause he chooses to demand them, but be- tin
caisj wc know that we can exchange with if
o:htus for the price that we have paid, and str
w.tii n profit as compensation for our ra
trouble. tlx
In those coun'ries in which the money fri
price of labor is high, the capitalist is enabled co
to live wt 11 and rapidly increase his fid
means, as in England and in the United j an
^> ..0 i? thn?e in which it is low, tho J an
V^UIlto* II!
capitalist cannot live so well, i:or is there ! or
so rapid an increase ofcapi:al. Such is the {
case in India and in Fr n;? e. To the capi. ; is
Xal.'st* therefore, the labor of the United co
States and England is cheap, . It >ough he ee
pays a high price for ir, because it yields ab
largely ; while that of France ? n I India is w;
dear, al hough low priced, because it yields J mi
solitd.\ j an
In confirmnt'on of this view we will now i foi
call attention to the fact, that in the manu- de
fact ure of cotton and in the sailing of ships T
we c .re no?lnng ior the compcti ion of In. la!
di?, or of tiie nations on the Baltic, where nc
1 dor is iow-prici d and unproductive, hut ' f>?
wo do care for the competition of England cc
wnose labor is almost as high-priced as our
own ; and E'^'and looks with more anxiety (1 f
.0 our comper tion in every, department of w
indus'ry tuan to that of any other nation of si
the world, ahhough our labor is so much j th
higher priced than her own. al
Our Competitors in the production of pi
I T? ^
Co ton are the people ol India ana c?gypi, ??.
the i\vo countries in wliic'i labor is lowest j w
priced, yet there is in fact hardly any com- If
petia'on. The whaling trade is open to all c<
the world, ye* that of the Un.ted States has !
steadily risen whit-* that of all other nations is
has as steadily declined. The low-priced si
labor of France, or that of the north of Eu- ' to
rope, cann? t compete with that of New | cl
England, in which it is highest The capi- pi
talist who | ays these high w iges lives on the? d
| profit of his ships, w Itil* 11?e owner of the c<
duil ships ol th?* north of Europe finds it el
exceedingly difficult to improve his condi- ' w
tion. The labor for which the latter pays c
is low-priced,but it is unproductive nnd dear, a
and allows him but a small return for big ! a
capital.
Our readers will now, we think, be satis- tl
fied that a high rate of wages pres? nts no a
obstacle to prosecuting successtuliy ho cul- a
turn of silk, in which we m iy reason ibly ! c
suppose that capital, skill and intelligence ii
i tvill nroduci the same effects that have been
exhibited in every other d"par:ment of pro- p
duction in which the people of the United v
States have engaged,Jwhen'not driven there- [
to by Lrgisla ive restrictions. So far, s
indetd, are low wages of other countries j I
from presenting an obstacle to its cultiva- . I
;ion in tin's, ha it will be due to the fact that , <
we compete with such nations only, that it ! i
! will for a long lime be highly productive.? <
I! When we undertake to compete with Eng- <
t [ land in any department of production, any
< j improvement that is made is immcdia'cly
. adopted by our rivals, win are thus enabled
! to produce as cheaply as ourselves, and
' vice versa : whereas years are required for j;
its introduction in France, Germany, ana j
Italy, becasse in those countries there is .
" little capital, and a want of that intelligence J
which is required for the adoption of im- |
provements. If England were the great j
' cultivator of silk, we might be sure that she j
j would always follow closely upon our heels. j
1 and that her product would keep pace with ,
! our own ; hut in competing with Franco,
A NEW CORN. j I
The following is part of an cpis:le from : J
Mr. Grant Tiiorburn, to the cdiur?: of h 1
Now \ork Commercial Advertiser. We, [
copy it for tlio benefit of our fancy "corn J
growers" doubting, however, whether jf
much lias been gained by these fancy J c
seeds. ; [
'"Mr. Jefferson says, the man who makes *
three blades of grass grow where only one 4
grew before, is more the friend of man than j y
he who conquers kingdoms. I think if i '
Mr. J. had always preached such sound : '
doctrine, he would have been the greatest I
philosopher of the age. See.ng then that; *
proposition about the grass is a self. J
evident fact, what think you should be done , '
to the man who makes three ears of corn . J
grow where only one grew before ? Inas. J
1. __ ?r>ju/i?> ?hr? linrso finrl corn i ?
uIy and India, the case is wiihly different,j
11 improvement w hich wntiM pass in a <.
* r or two throughout ihe United St?tes?j
ould require twenty years for its general
loption in France, .and half a century or
ore for its adoption in India. The cotlon
n has now hcen fin use for nccirhj half a
ntury, and yel the people of India use a
%all rude hand mill turned by women.? i
nprovemcnts in relation to the Silk culture, j
inilar in their effects to those of Whitney's
eat invention in relation to cotton, are now,
e understand, going 0.4 the United States, i
id we hazard little in saying that as Ihe j
1st of cotton and of cotton mnnufaclufes j
is been reduced by the nations whos^Ja>
r is h'ghest in price, so will the cost'of'
k or silken manufactures he re-;
lecd, now* that the production of'
w material has been undertaken
a country in wiiicii labor i.j pro-!
ictive and wages are high. We see 110 1
ason to doubt that the same effect will be
1 - -I _ UnK / ortfni'l/ 111,if lias
OdUCCU in Uiy IHAI iui.i en
exhibited in the last fifty years in reird
to cotton, by which silk will be,renrcd
almost accessible to all classes of the
mmunity as cotton now is ; a consumma-:
'?) most devoutly to be wished.
From t-hc Maine Farmer.
'CARBONIC ACID.
A circumstance recently occurred in a
igliboring town, which came well nigh
ing a serious accident. A man dcscen- j
d into a deep well for the purpose of,
.'aning it. After being there a short time, i
signified to those above that ho felt sin. ;
iarly, and that it was so dark that he
uld accomplish nothing. An attempt
is made to let down a lighted candle, bin 1
was extinguished before it came near him. i
j one sus, ected any danger,and the man |
is suffered tJ remain ; but beginning to !
. I still more unpleasantly, he refused to :
i J 1
ly unt 1 '.lie candle could be i"lighted, and
ii-led on being drawn up. This was irn- j
iat -ly done, and no doubt was the means
saving his life.
This subject may appear trite, but a few .
>t(is will not be amiss, since there are aliys
tlie young to learn, even if the old j
T - 1 - ?. ?? .-x ..1 n *
u not ignorant, Jt isine more ku|iui??...
it it bu thoroughly understood, because I
one person is so unfortunate as to be :
'tick lifeless at th? bottom of the well, be '
rely sufllrs alone. In the excitement of j
3 moment, prompted by philanthropy or !
endship, and suspecting no danger, sond
descends to render assistance, and ;
is; a third, s'ill more excited by the mel- ,
choly catastrophe, follows liis example
i-1 meets the saine fate, until perhaps two
three lives arj sacrificed.
It is generally known that a noxious gas
generated, during the combustion of charal;
that the same substance exists in
rtain mineral springs, and is often so
undant as to lie upon the surface of the
iters, where it proves deadly to all anials
that are let down within its influence;;
id also that the same gas is oscasionnlly
und in wells, particularly such as are very j
en and foul, and have been .ong disused.
l
ins is known in common lite L>y trie appcu j
tion of "choke damp." Its origin we need
>t stop to discuss. It is sufficient for our
rpose to know, that it is heavier than j
min.o) air?:hat it will [not support'
m ustion, and is eminently destructive to
e. It is on tiie first named principle, that j
hen it exists in wells, it is found near tiie j
irfacc of the water; and on the second,'
at a 1 ghted candle be lowered into it, will
ways be extinguished and thus detect its
'usence. No person, therefore, should ever
) far risk his hfe, as to dc sjend into a well
ithour having first made use of this test,
"combustion cannot be supported, neither
m animal life.
But supposing it be discovered that there
an atmosphere of carbonic acid on the
irfaceof the water, is the well henceforth
i be abandoned because it cannot be
eansed ? Various expedients have been
roposed for the purpose of removing the
- lcter.ous gas. One of the best means
ansiss in drawing t out by means of buck
-.1 r.n.wi
s. These are to ue ici uov?u, uuu i.uui
'ith water as usual to dispossess tlicm of
ommon air?they are to be raised a little
bovc the surface, and by means of a string
ttachcd to the bottom are to bo overturned
-the carbonic acid will take the place of
ic water, and being heavier than common
ir, it wiil remain, and may be drawn up
ad poured like water upon the ground,
are b? ing taken that it does not How back
uto the well.
The following method, it is believed, will
trove equally successful. Every one conersant
witii chemistry knows the power
rossessed by recently burnt charcoal of ab;orbing
almost any gas with which it is
nought in contact. A piece of the best
;ind the size of a "ill measure, absorbs of
'urhotiic acid, about one gallon, or by voljme,
int'ue rano ot 1 to 35, and of otner
T;is!Sf?s. some in a less and some in a great
D '?'
lt proportion. On tins principle, then, it its
recommended to let down into the well,
kettles of ignited charcoal, of the hardest
and most compact kinds. On reaching the
atmosphere of carbonic acid, it is extinguished,and
immediately begins the work
of removing it, which it accomplishes if
the course of a few hours.
At first sigiit it may appear singular, 1 ha
ignited charcoal, which generates this sam<
gas, should the agent employed to rcinovi
it?but such at least is the theory foundei
on the above reasoning. It shows how nea
together poison and its ren>"dv may gro.v
?NriP London Gaz.
IIJUL'II lis i?v .. ? J (
the man. But to c >me to the point at j 1
once: f
41 Some tl.ree years ago, n merchant in J 1
New York, while emptying a box of tea, 1
observed therein a few grains of corn.? '
Concluding that com from China must be 1
o ? r
something new under our sun, he had them I "
planted, so t!icy grew and multiplied? s
Last spring I received from a worthy friend r
a portion of said corn. It's a new variety, v
so I give it the name of China's fall proii- "
lie, or tree corn ; as it strikes off in two, a
three, and frequently four branches, in ap. P
poaranca like a small tree, and produces an ^
car at the head of each branch, whereas the
common corn shoots out the car from?s
- r. ,n j t
the siiJc of J fie* staiii; n grows nom ui-m iu
ten feet high, produces .-in a bun lance of 11
fodder, is u large white flint twelve row i .
corn, and ears from twelve to fourteen ( I;
inches long. I counted six hundred and , *
sixty grains on one ear. It was planted on 11
the 10th of May, and had ears fit to boil on J v
the 1 Oth of July. Its'produce was much J1
curtailed by the long drought, hut notwiih- J
standing I counted two thousand one liun- ^
dred and twenty grains, the proJucl of one '
stalk , being an increase of two thousand
from one. The I)u:toa (which is an ex- ' .
ccl'cnt corn) planted on the same day, on 1
the same lie]J, and receiving the same v
quantity of manure, cross ploughing and P
!loving, did not produce one half. The 'j
patch, about two hundred hills, was exam j "
mod by several respectable farmers, who c
all pronounced it something new and some- ^
thing superior.
" The corn may he had of G. C. Tlior. j 1
bum, New York, rn.l at the store of Wil-<'
iiaui Thorburn, in Albany, price 25 cents j
per ear; the nett profits to he given to r
some of the charitable inslituiions in New f 1
York and Albany. Now, if there is a far- '
mer between Maine ana the llocky Moun. 1
r.... a
tains who would rather pay ceu.s ?h
two gills of brandy, than to buy one ear of; *:
tin's corn, which will plant one hundred hilis *
? I say, if there is such a man, lie ought to |
be fed on nothing but supaun and buttermilk ,1
as lung as his little soul and big caicass will !'
bang together. A stalk, having the ears ,(
on, to show the manner of growth, may be 5
seen at the above stores.
"GRANT TIIORBl'RX.
"IJalleti's Cove Sept. 21, 15.38.'*
4 .MALA IRA.
' It is known to everyone that the putro.. j '
fection of vegetable and animal matter J <
produces a poison, which is capable of ex- > J
er.ing an injurious action on the human j '
body. But the extent to which this po'son > f
1 is generated, the conditions favorable to its j 1
production, and the range of its noxious . 1
agency, are not sufficiently understood and i I
appreciated. : 1
"It is a matter of experience, that during j !
the decomposition ofdeadorganicsuhstance l
whether vegetable or animal, aided by heat s
and moisture, and other peculiarities of cli- j t
male, a poison is generated, which, when j (
in a state of high concentration, is capable }
I r.f nroducine instantaneous death, by a j1
| single inspiration of the air in which it is ;
diffused. (
; "Experience also shows, that this poison 1
| even when it is largely diluted by admi.xurc (
; with atmospheric air and when consequent- i 1
Iv it is'unable to prove thus suddenly fatal,, 1
is sjill the fruitful source of sickness and j1
mortality, partly in proportion to the length 1
of time and the constancy with which the i
body remains exposed to it. Facts without
number, long observed?such as the i
great amount of sickness and mortality in
i marshy districts ; the fevers attd dyscntc-1
rics incident to armies on their encamp. 1
' ment localies, several hundred men being
(sometimes seized with diseases in a sngle
| night, and great numbers dying wi hinj
: twpnrv./bur or tiiiilv hours; the dreadful \
i j J --- . destruction
which occasionally tool; j I .ce
in ships' crows, in ships in which cleanli.
ness had been neglected, and especially in
which the bilge-water had been allowed !o ]
! collect and putrefy?sufficiently at:est"d ;
| the presence, in certain situations, of a ;
deadilypoison. But tins poison was too;
. I subtle to be reduced to a tangible form.? !
( Even its existence was ascertainable only
. j by its mortal influence 011 the human body;
t and although the induction commonly made
J j as to its origin, namely, that it is the pro ;
duct of putrefying vegetable and animal |
; matter, appeared inevitable, seeing that its
1, virulence is always in proportion to the
; quantity of vegetable and animal mat ers
11 present, and to the perfect combination of
-1 the circumstances favorable to their do2
composi'ion, still the opinion coul 1 only be
J regarded as uq inference.
r "Uut modern science lias recently suc.
ceeded in making a most important htep in
the elucidation of this subject, ft has no?v
loen demonstrated in direct cxp Tinienf, /
In; in cerium si'uatio's in w -ic i too air J
- !o uJcd witii poisonous : I .ta n , lii?* j
nisonous matter consists of vegetable and'
iniinal substanc-'s in a liigli stale of putrcstencv.
If a cjun ity of air in ivlucti such
jxbal itions arc preset.t, bo colleetod, the va.
lorrmv bo condensed by col l and o:h r
sgents ; a residuu n is cbt; i c J, wi i h on
ixamination is found to bo composed of
'ogotuble or animal matter, in a state ol
ligh putrefaction. This matter constitutes
i deadly poison. A minute quantity of-his
loison, applied to an ai.i.nal previously i;
sound health, destroys life, with the tnost
ntense symptoms of malignant fever. If,
* -? ov.mnlA *.!? a? luu>liu> ilrnna '\f n fltllit
\J I VAMiMjmrj n. u */? ? v v wjrw ># % -? l(MI-? :ontaining
this highly putrid matter be in_
ected into th? jugular vein of a dog, the
inim.il is seized with acu'e fever; the ac.
ion of the heart is inordinately excited, the
vspiraiion becomes accelerated, tlie hea-1
ncreasod, the prostration of strength ex
remc, tlic muscular power so exhausted !
hat the animal lies on tiie ground who ly
inable 10 stir, or to make the slightest ef ;
orl ; and after a short time, it is actually '
eizod v\ i h the black vomit, identical as to the :
:uture of l!.c matter evacuated with that i
rhicJt is'thrown up hv a person laboring unIcryellow
fever. By varvmg the inten<i y i
nd the dose o( the poison thus obtahu d, i; is j
ios>ib!o to produce fever of almost any }*
fegree of mortal power.
"It is proved further, that \vh n this poi- J
on is dill used, in the aimosj h re, and is
ransportcd to the lungs in the insp'r-d air, j
t enters directly into the blood, and pro- j
luces various diseases, ihenattiroof which 1
s materially modified according ns the j
cgctable or the animal matter p-odomL
intes in the poison. In the exhnla j ms j
...' ,n^. ?. n 1 n i r I
klliCil illl^ ; IKJIli IIIUIO iv.^f ?.? ,
incullivalcd and u!? .'r. i i?l:?i*- - v? gen
* f
>Io ma torpredomiuu ; .<% e\h >! ?::< ns ;
ontain a posun winch prudj vs. ; i noun - ;
V, intermittent fever or ague, und lenutUm; !
:'vcr; . . . I
' The exhalations given off from the I:v-1
ng bodies of those who are affcted with fe- j
er, especially when such exhalations arc '
i**n! !i-> iii a close and confined npnrtm nt,
:onstitutc by far the most potent poison
lerued from an animal ori<rin. '"I'lic room
if a lever prient in a small and . heated
ipnrlinent in London, with no peril it:or> o:
h'sli air, is perfectly analogous to a stand-;
ng poo! in Ethiopn, full of tijc bodies cil
lead locusts. The poison generaed in
)ot!l cases is the same; the tldf rence is
ncrely in i!io degree of i s potency* Nhu j
ore, wi;h her burning sun, ..er stilled ami ;
>ent-up w n I, her s'agnant and t< cmlng |
narsh, manuPacuircs plagues on a large ;
nnJ fearful scale, i'overlv in her hat. cov.'red
with her ra^s surrounded \v. h h:rj
iitli, striving with all her might to keep our j
lie pure air, and to increase the heat, imi- i
ntcsjaature Out too sucre sfully; the process
md the product are the same ; the on!) j
iirterenco is in the magnitude of the re- ,
>u!t."?Dr. Soulhird SmithI.NTENAL
IMPROVEMENTS IN KENTUCKY.
I
I
Fj.itract from the message of Gov: Clarke to ;
the Legislature of Kentucky.
u During the present year much labor j
las been bestowed upon the vat ions works j
>f Internal Improvement throughout the (
state ; tlie different turnpike roads are rap- .
diy advancing to completion, and the 1 itter j
A 1 ' t \
iart ot mo season ius ueeu p.u.itu.au; >
'avorablo to :!io progress of the works upon !
he rivers ; a ininuto account of which will J
)c reported by the board of internal im- !
irpvemcnt. When lb i present contracts j
ire finished, there will be completed, within j
he State, one thousand one hundred an I !
; venfy two miles of turnpike roads, an I ;
iircc hundred and eighteen miles ofsl-ck
vater navigation. Tiie expenditure of the
State in the construction of these roads, up
o the 19 b Oct last (including two hundred
ind one thousai d nine hundred and three j
lobars paid the Lexington and Ohio rail !
oad.j has been one million stx hundred and
iighty-two tliousan I six hundred and six. j
teen dollars ; and the amount required to
i.i 1 J
complete the sanv is about eignt nnuun u
and seventeen thousand r r e hundred ao?J !
eighty four dollars. There has been up t?> !
the same period, expended upon the thrc" ;
rivers, Green, Kentucky, and Licking, six j
hundred snd sixty seven thousand two j
hundred and ninety five dollars and seven
ty five cents ; and the amount required to |
complete the works upon these rivers, now
under contract, is about one m llion five
thousand six hundred and nine doliurs an I
twenty five cents. The es imatcd cost of
the works already completed, and those at
present under contract when completed, is
four millions one hundred and seventy two
thousand nine hundred and five dollars ; of
which sum two millions three hundred and
forty nine thousand nine hundrd and eleven
dollars and seventy five c nts have
been expended, leaving ti e sum ot one nn lion
eight hundred and twenty two thousand
nine hundred and twenty two thousand nine
hundred and nine'y three dollars and twen.
five cents, necessary o tin i* completion,
i The total cost to the State of the improve
? - IC, i n
j incuts npon the roads auu upon
' tueky river, from its jui c ion with ;he Ohio
' to the Three Forks, a distance oCtwo hun!
dred and fifty seven and a lr If mil ls?upon
tlic Licking, from its mouth t? West Li!><r
j ty, a distance of two hundrei anl thirty
one miles?and upon Green and Barren riv.
1 rrs, from the month of Green river to Bow.
ling green on Barren river, a distance oi
one hundred and seventy live miles is es.
tinrivd at ab?ut seven millions thro** fun
dr<\l and thirteen thousand four hundred
and sixteen <] ><! ir>?a small amount when,
compared with the expenditures of dtaer
States upon s'tTii:?r objects.
*' To enter now upon an el aborate argu. *
ment to prove the i/nponai.c' of a system
of Inien a I i p o- o m nf, or 10 attempt a Je.
tail of the incalculable advantages that must
inevitably result from tho improvement of
the country afier what has been done in
Kentucky, would besupcrorogatorv in tho
extreme. I:s advantages aud its pokey
hot now moo'cd questions. The aystcm
is already adopted. The wtsdotq of -previous
legislatures, who, in t?>eir laudable zeal
to advance the interest of^the common? '
wwHh stepi forward to contend with on
overcome the opposition that "uniformly
presents itself in the incipiency of all great
enterprises, has left you oul^ the duty of cx?
p.mdmg and prosecuiing to completion, u
policy so well calculated to enrich the State.
It is well that the system has been commenccd;
had Kentucky slumbered to the present
time, listless an i indifferent to this great
uO'k. she would ? re long be forced to its
ail"j)!:an by the irresistible influence of surrounding
circums ances?by the energy
that character z^s the age, and by the example
of other S;ates that are, under the
influence of ?ho sy.?tem, so rapidly advauCw
ing in wealth, in i.omercial, and politcal
importance. Kentucky cannot staud si ll: y
she must sns ain herself in iter commercial
an I po'idcal rclal om,and in her social intercour>e
with her fcister republics, not only
hv adopting, but by carrying out similar
measures otherwise she becomes tributary
to those States, and in the same ratio that
they advance in prosperity, must s!ie degenerate
in physicial and political power. '
from the National Gazette, Dec. 13.
M-tlTH". FROM Nicifor.AS RIDDLE, E<-i- To
fin: nox.jottx qu:.\ci /.dams.
V idadelphia, I) c- 10,1838.
My Dear Sir : The general.resummon
of specie payments presents a fit occasion
to close our correspondence with on cxplinat
on ot'ihs course of the Bank of the
Ln t< d Stites in regard to that subject. This
shall be done bri fly and fin .Ily.
On the 10th ct May, 1637, the bunks of
New York suspended specie payments, und
ih?:ir exanipl ? was immediaely und nwssari
y fo l<>wed by the oilier banks in the
United States. The country was thus
placed in a situation of ex reme difficulty,
from v. h jh it C014U be extricated only
ny in?- i\i:< and vigorous measures for its
j D'eetiou. T: e dangers were?total pros,
nation <;i' its credit and character abroad
?l it: d pi e 'ianon in prices of ail i;s public
s curiiies and i.s s.aple productions?and,
ast and worsf, that the defensive remedy
of suspension might be protracted until it
became itself a disease. It was manifest
too that the calamity had outgrown the capacity
<of mere politicians?that the country
must take care ol itself, and rely only up.
on itself; and as in of peril, the voice
of he humblest citizen may sometimes be
heard above the tumult, my own pTJOO&l
position seemed to justify the assumption of
instant and deep responsibiliiy. According*
ly at the very moment when this n;>t onal
misfortuno occurred, immediate measures
w.'re adopted to mitigate and to repair it.
Of these in their order.
1- Aware that the first intelligence of
the suspension would degrade tho character
of the country, and subject us to the re.
proacli of bad faith and insolvency, I ad.
dressed to yon a published letter, which
wont to Kuropcat the same time with tho
news of the suspension, in which I ventured
to pledge myself for the fidelity of our c ?untrymen.
In that letter, of the 13 hof Muv,
1337, I said: uInthem?an timoiwo great
duties devolve on t ir: b -nk and the couu.
try. The first regards foreign nations ; the
second our own. We owe a debt to for.
eigner?, by no means largo for our re
sources, hut disproportioned to our present
avians of payment. Wo must take cara
that this lite me.-sure shull not seem to be an
effort toav id the payment of our honest
debts to them. We have worn, an I eaten
and drur.k t lie produce of their induw
rv?oo much of all peilups?but tbat i?
ur fuv 1, not theirs. \Ve may tako less
. reifter, buulic country is disuonomd uness
we disci a;g- that debt to the uttermost
farthing.
. . O
For this purpo-e?:he early .and total discharge
of our debt to foreigners?the whole
j power of ihe Bank of the United Shtos waa
devoted- In such a crisis it was evident
j that if resort was had to rigid curtailments,
j ihc ah li y to pay would be proportionally
diminished; while the only true sys'em was,
to keep the country as much at easeoscons
s d with its s fety, so cs to enable the
debtors to collect tueir resnyrces for the din.
1 cl ari:< cf iheir del t;. For* the same purpose
(he bank, though eonrely out of it*
' course of business, and in some degree of
| collision with us own exclusive interests, assumed
an active agency in collect'
' <* - r? i _e> Ti I |
ing toe UttO's oi me d&iik oi x^ugimiu,
gave facility for ihe recovery of alt debts,
! and stimulated our couutrytueti to this duty
by earnest and constaot appeals to their
honor and their true interest. With what
a ger.e.ous emulation that appeal was answered
you W"ll know ; for it touched a
chord v h "h lit s (!r?*p in all American
h^iOi U. If the un v1! sal distress which por.
vadid (oiniivju.t* co ild not be w itnessed
. w thout a pai:> ul syn p 'thy, ?ts melancholy
. was redeemed by the Ingh and manly spirit
f which i' roused throughout the couotry.
. j For never, on its most glorious fit Ids of
! battle, wms there displayed a more lofty