The telescope. (Columbia, S.C.) 1815-1818, December 19, 1815, Image 1
It ID.^BlV "
Ia* ? v.. *?*?*??;
feY THQMA8 W. tOjil
*W* 0#?*M or nirium.Mir ANt? u?r
['.?in. 'W1 X TV,
nribifX?b,crlMro,t.--Th\xc 1 Ml Urn per annum, pAynt
tomlvMce....NupAper ioU^iscoiUimicd, buvilibcc.
tion of the Kditor, until all ?rrcan.Rvi nm paid,
Atker(ittmc*f not ?*c??Jmg fourteen lim*#, imertedthe
firm tinve for seventy -five ctnu. fml forty c*n\*for each
?ulweoticnt uWrtlon i nnd In tho unto proportion for i.
iqaffla
wrvs
THE TBi/i^SCpt
TJIR growing ta?tc fof literature in 8outh
Cnioiin'aj <fu> liberal rticouragemoiit riven to
the ineqna for it* improvement anil tllttualont?
the importance t?f Oolumbirtb (ho Mate ju the
sent of it* legislature, of It* hj*heit Judicial -tri
bunals, and of it* groat ?em1nftry of learning i
Ktan^ing alone i with feeling harmonized to
tJA enjoyments of aftctal life f unsupported IhiI
by tliegiKH) wishes of the benevolent and libera!:
unconnected \vltli political ment pledged to no
pirticular measures) having nothing t?? obtain or
loose. and l?o feeliugs to be gratified or bumbled
by the dutuuiMtoo.or fitll; of m?jr jurt v or set of
men, the Kditor feela free in toe exercise ??f bin
vocation to pursue that course which his heart nud
bif onderstandingshall instruct him is the corrert
un> proper one. Towards the constituted nu
tln ities of the country he will observe the justice
and liberality due. from a faithful citi/.en to the
government of his choice and affection, neither
permitting them to be wantonly attacked, nor
veiling their measures altogether from public scru
tiny. Truth hid guide auu the nublic good bis ob
ject) he will pursue M the even tenor of his wav,"
ambitious of no hiuher or other honor than 0m(
of being useful, ror the animated, if you wilt,
irritatiiiir discussion of party |N?litics he is totally
disf|ualined bv their discordance to his feeling
and repugnance to Ida principles. If oolitics ore
??ver seen In The Telescope* it shall be when deem
ed necessary to explain principles and events;
to remove prcjudice'aml ralm irritation, enlighten
public oninion and add to the \ ermancnt stock of
general knowledge t but never to gratify' the illi
heral or malittnantpassions of any. The Kditor
believes, and lie has great pleasure iti the belief.
w
red
the
re
? and
Meet*
tlal'to
sdetermin
. great" political parties
aaitlte aociety* thu HCalea of jus
held with even and impartial band ;
i ruled political subjects shall always
irate to those of higher interest 6j)(1
more agreeable di&cussion, and be very seldom
brought into view* unless when necessary to
iujiii:tolil. tlie purity, and defend the existence of
?mr ?Vee repo'dUW iustifutious.
having (Hsclatmod life trammels of political
pasty and declared what this paper ahull not be,
it remains for the iKditbr to sov what it shall be,
:c i. i- i? - - ?
more
tlie
ed
whi
tire
vet it
oe subn
la* steady and uniform In;
to promote the literature, to
ter? and advance, the interest#
South'Cniolinn.
V
Wm
The.
he?.t modi'
pnper fthal! contain iplect upccimohs of th$
...odern litcrntilre in proaonnd vtratf iwrtl
ami rcHgimm apotheami and o?*ayM | ?!cfailc<l nc
<'?>urttA<?l (lio mriomt improvement* and dlKCOVO
i io.4 innkiiiic In agriculture and thu uuefid artM
I'.nl# of new publications, with Home conitfctted
sketch of (In* pi'iign'HH of ncientiflc nml literary
oti<|U|ry | selection* of the limit interesting fo
Vigil and Americ an rcviewH of recent worka j a
Mtn?pi?rv, find when interesting, a detail of fo
rei{(it and d-mieKtic new* ? MketeheH of I lie |>ro
> ee<ltny,K ? Ji?l debute* of tin* National and South
Cafrilira Statu fauUlaturcrf* and occftidonallv
"."rerlH'M <>f uii'inOaf interest in each will he gl
MMiat lent" ? important opinions ami decision*
>! the < '?#!??' t ittiii?*inl Court, and Court of Aj??
peals j price- current mid rated of exchange in
dilterenl * ? mercinl plac-;?, find various inlsccl
l.vwi* piii lcnliio nut reducible Indistinct head*,
or not i"?i*.i tin.; t: e notice t'f individual mention,
fur tbe-e t\e Kditor ?? ?? | .??? to he indebted chiefly
to icl?Miiiti:;* ft.iiu tl.e new "papers, the mainr/incs
and the review* of this conntrv a'id of Kmope:
hut lie hope* for mud- and eflirienj nid from the
nian\ ahle pen* which the lilienl and enlighten*
ed haunt)- of the stnte lm enabled her noil* to
wield in tliti cause of science, of virtue and ofj
country.
Augugt a, tni/t, v T' ^v* ?
?*- 1 Urn Sr *"'
' .
t, CONGRESS.
T"*
. The Congress of the United States convened
on Monday, Dec. 4th, when a quorum appeared
in both House*. Hon. Jon* Gaillarp, Presi
dent pro tempore, took the Chair of the Senate.
411U lion. Hcnhy Clay waachosen Speaker of the
House of ItepresentJ^Uve a. Thomas Dougherty.
Km|. was dec toil Clerk of the House of Represent
tentative#. *? 'I'Mb
No other bu?i?cfil wis (lotto in either House but
that incidental to its oripinlwitlon. -U
PHKRIDENT'8 MKH8AGE. ' i;
Tuffrf any** Dec. ff. ? day, nt H o'clock,
tho Pre<?i dent of the Untied Stolen transmitted to
both Houses (lfCoi)grcM, tlio following Mq??age,
bjr Mr.'Todd, lift Secretary j <
hcttow Vititrti* qf tmS-'iiaiet
I unct.tf th? f/autif JlojHrtcntnthe* t
?' I !mve the u atisfaction, on bus* prenent meeting,
of being able' to communicate to jroa the success
ful termination of tlio war which hdt| been, cum*
menred nraiu&4ne United 8tate?,by<She Hegen
cv of*. Algiers.- 'i'hd squadron In advance, on
that teeVlce, tinier comninlore Vacatur, hutt not
a momeut aft<Orita,arnv|ii in the ?fe<litcrranenij,
in Making tlio imval forcc of tho ? enemy, then
cruising in t|?4t Keat nnd^uc^cwdcd in capturing1
two op bin shMkt'.ohe or thorn the principal
commanded by tlio AljtcHne<*dmuul. The
character of t^ie Anxyicuii commander won bril
liantly aiiKtnined on the occasion, which brought
his own ship into clouts action With that of his ud
vernnrv, nn wan tlic ftccuntonicd gallantry of 'nil
the ofllcers and men actually engaged. I laying
prepared tho way by (his uciuomd ration of A
mericAii skill- oiid prowess, lie hastened to the
port of Algiers, whew pcaco m o* promptly yield
ed to his victorious force; 111 tho terms stipulat
ed, the rights and honor of tho United Htates
were particularly .consulted, by a peruetunl, rc
liuquislimeiit, on the part of tlie l)ey, fftoll pre
tension* to tribute from them. The impressum*
which have thuHbccn made, strengthened as they
will have, been, by subsequent transactions with
the regency of 'I unisnnd Tripoli, bv the ap
pearance i?f the Inrucr.^brce which followed un
der commodore Ilainvr idge, the chief in command
of the expedition, and by the judicious precau
tionary arrangements left by him in Hint quar
ter, alVonl a reasonably prospect of future secu
rity, for the valuable portion of our commercc
wliicb poR?es within reach of tHeir cruisers.
It is another source of Satisfaction that tit?
treaty of peace with Gre&i Britain Jtas been suc
ceeded Uy a convention $y|w
merce, concluded by the
twpwuntries.:^^s
on
lu
y_T"w ffiil W fllllipvvvw^
Rfgttilft oir other hulijvci^ wc
iromulual Interests, or WW -rn
endanger their future harmony. Congress will
decide on the expediency of promoting such
sequel, by giving effect to the measure of ,c< '
fining tho, American navigation to American w
men j a measure which, at the same timo that!
might have that conciliatory tendency; wou,
have tho further advantage of increasing tho il
dependence of our navigation and the resource
for our maritime.defence, ? .v
Iii conformity uitli the articles of (he treaty
of tiheht, relating to tlioi Indians* an well as with
a view to the tranquility of our western and
northwestern frontiers* measures were taken to
establish, an Immediate peace with tho several
tribes who liotl been engaged in hostilities against
the United States. Such of thertfn* were inVi*
ted to Detroit acceded readily to a renewal 0/
tho former treaties of friendship. Of tho other
[tribes who were invited to a station on the Mis*
isissippi* tho greater number have also accepted
(lid pence uttered to them. The residue* consist*
Trig of the more distant tribes or parts of tribes,
?/eninin to Iks brought over. by further explanation**
or by such other means as'msvbe adapted to the
disposition they may finally discloso. ^
The tribes within* and borderiMonour
southern frontier* whom a cruel war ouxheii'pnrt
had compelled us to chastise into peace* lir.r
latterly shewn a restlesuess* whim has callni
for preparatory mca wres for repassing it, and
a i
en nttcmleil with
only bo ovcr
|*?y pface
WMRBmiirli iv?n no
ment,
b.Kja ... #n ;li
kimthY IcglKlfttivc nl<l. The selection of ofli
com Old payment and the dueling of
distant ?ta<ioni j the tytyi
(lie jmbliu'p
on/wary, in
conntant in
3
i?wmi
"nliirt*
" ~ rcfaiii
Jfont ilefnchoil am!
,ftlld Kocurily of
tor-manter, com
rtment# j And the
BBy*3^^^7j'rTflffiTTlT ^w!!Vw *" ? ?" f fiiiw im
wmmmjc?\ i?HMHtonc? required in honnlfAlHj
mill gnrrisonH, rendered n complete excaitio
the art impracticable on the (Irit of May,
riinl more immediately contemplated. \\n, Anim,
however, an rircumatanceii would tmrmU.
execution of]
fur it h it lui<* been practicable, con*i?U'ntly will#
I lie public intercut^ tho reduction of (lie at my
lute Ik'Cii nccnmpllftlied } but the aj?i?r<?|>i iiitioiin
for it* pay, ami for other branche* or llio milita
ry nemos having pi oved inadequate, the earll*
c*t attention to tnnt niibject will be decennary i
SihI the expediency of continuing upon the peace
onttiblinhmcnt, the ntnfV officer* u no nave hitherto
l)ron provisionally retained, in also recommend*
fd tn the consideration of CongreM*
In the performance of the executive duty upon
llti* occasion. thor4h?* n?* )-?"??
?r? .fvvi* minting H'JUIt
*cnnihillty to the merit of tho American artny.
during tho late war I but tho obvUm* policy and
tleaigm in fltlng an efficient military peaco
KtabliMhtnent, uld not aflbrd an o(?p?rC?i?itv to
di?tinguiah the a^ed and infirm, on account of
their |?aM aervicea ; nor tho wounded and disa
bled, on account of their present ?
- ' V"*# ?f> i-'i ?*??' -V? '
The extent of the reduction indeed unavoidably
involved the exclusion of msriy meritoHous ofll
of every ra.:k? from thu service of their
country j and so eijusl, as well ns 90 numerous,
vxerctne clniinxto Attention, thot a decision by
the Standard of comparative merit, coilld Holdom
W" attained. Judged, however, in candor, by a
ufencral standard of poiitivo merit, tho Annv lie
Lister will, it is believed, do honor to (he eutaul i a! -
nrtentj while tho enso of thoso ofTicert*, whofle
liismcH are not included in it, devolves* with thel
itrongcht intercity upon tli? Icpinlcilivo Authority J
for melt provision an xtiall bo deemed the best col -i
culoted to gne support nntl aolace to the veteran
ntul ih valid ; to dinplny the lx>iieflceiice? rh well
a* llo jiiKtico of the government j nml to inspire
u mtniul *vnl for the public am ice, upon every
future emergency.
AlUinu^i tho onilwjrr.ifftincntrt arising from the
wait of uniform national currency have not been
ilimniHheil, t?ir?ce tho adjournment of Congress,
grert Mitihfurtioii ImH been derived in contemplat
iiim In* revival of public credit, ami the efficiency
of tie public reMiurcen. The receipt* into the
rJV'toMjrv, (rain the % ai imi?
dining <ve nine months ending on the 30th of Sep
tember )&tt, have V^?n estimated at twelve inO
IllonH ami j half of dollars; the Iwuen of Trea
sury Nptcs of every denomination, during the
latlllio IWV<I<I<1- miimiifclitil ?/? #1u% aitm iif iiMii'lftnn
mtliioiiNuf dollar* t and there wni also obtahifcd
ujion luni. dntinif the Hume period, a buin oi'
million* >f dollar*, of which the Mint of t*ix mil
lion* of do) hint was subscribed hi cntth,*nml
the t urn nl milting* of.doflarn in Treasury
Note*. AVitli thews im-niiH, milled t?> the uum of
one milling and n half dntlnrg. beiu^ tho balance
of money hi the Treaiury off tho Mof January,
there Kan been paid, Iwtween tho tut of Jnnuary
utul the tut of October, on account of* the ttypro'
priations' of Uie preceding and of the ptesent
ivear, (c\c)ii?iV?lv of the amount of tho TronMirv
"S'utOH Kiibncribccf to the loan, nml the nmmui) ie
dccined ill the payment of duties and taxe*) the
njluii'^ateHumof thirty three million# ami a half
of dollar*, leaving n balance then in the TrcuHU
ry estimated at the kiiiu of three millions of do1>
Urn. Independent) however, of the arrearages!
due for militar? fMtrvUfe.and supplies, it is pre
sumed, that a farther isuip of five millions of dol
lira, including the interest on the public debt pay
able on the lutof January next, will be demand
ed at the Treasury to complete the expenditures
of tho present year, and ror which the existing
way J anil means, will sufficiently provide.
llio national debt, an it wan usccrtniucd, on
tho 1st of October iMt. amounted in the whole
to the turn of one hundred ami twenty mill inn*
I ' of th e unredeemed balance
Hli tlie latewftr, (tmr
the urnount or the
jfi' eontenuonce or the
jof dotlam and the a
and Abating debt (In
i?f Treasury Notes)
re, which U in aura
^mjjroei'o will, probaoly,
public debtt upon the Ii?
mil which are depending j
imposition on the part of Con
Ojfably and advantageously to
anient of tlie railltiaexpencea,
eral states, without the pre*
of the government of
t? considered
rtion of the
rtion of the
| ? and when .it
expenditures) net
ffcrrij
it- -? J> <4* ? ? ? -
4i.a*
debt haa%e4trt con
national Hghta aft
is recollected, that
being exclusively
transient nature#'^ -
her and equipment* .. ..
the inilitaryvifrorkaTor th
bom and- out- frontiers, and in the
nt-Hcnida anil ritagaainea ; the amou
a gratifying comiMirisou with the
have bee tin ttaii
of JJtc country.
{The arrangement of the finances, \v itli a view
to the receipts and expenditure)* of a perinaiieiit
peace establishment, will necessarily cuter into
the deliberations of Congress during the present
session. It is true jtljat tlie impro\ed condition
of the revenue will ilot only afford the means of
niaintuininu the faith of the government, with it"
creditors inviolate, and of prnHOcntim;, su<ress-|
fully, the measures of the most libeml uolirv tl
nbjecta ^Mch]
attained, as well a? with the resource*
iMlt will. ulnn. justify an immediate alleviation of
th? burlliiMiH imposed by tbc iicceH?ilien of tlie
war. It i<i, hnwovpri CMt'iiliiil lo ewry modifi
cation of i lit* fiiiancoM, tlmi tlx* bcnclit?of a:i uni
form national on-rency hIiouM be featured to the
routinunitv. The alnencft of flic precious metal*
will, it m believed.be a temporary evil | but, mi
til tliey ca.i bo auain rendered tlio i^eiicral medi
inn of cxchiui^i*. it devolve* on the wisdom of
(.'oiiKrcMf, to provide a substitute wltirli shall e
oually cuj^ajje tin* confidence, and nrcommodn'e
the want* of the citizens tin ouulioiit the union,
if the operation of tin* State Hank* cannot pro.
tluce thin result, the probable operation of a Na
tional Dank will merit comiiriciatioti \ ami, if
neither of the#c expedients lie deemed eHectnaS,
it may become ncccusary to niM-cilain ti e terms
upon tvhicli the notes of the government, (no
louver required an an instrument of credit) sl.ai:
l? fanned, upon niof I ve? of general policy, as :t
common medium of circulation
Notwithstanding th?*rr.urltv for r'itnie repo-e
which tlio U. State* ought to itnd in their love ??f
pence ami their constant reaped f<?r thy light* if
other nation** the character of the tinifn pm-tico.
Inr1(v inculcate* the Icakoii, flint, whether to | re
vctif or reticl il?iiuor? we ought not to Ik* unpre
pared for it. Tina consideration will ?uf!u-ientU
recommend totlotogrcM a liberal provision for the
immediate extension ami gradual completion of
die work* of defence, hhth fixed and llontin^. on
mir maritime frontier \ and un adequate provision
for guarding our inland frontier againa! danjr.cn> |
towhich certain portion# of it mav remain expe Ad.
....
Aran imnrtveriient on
incflt? it will detcrvo the'tfaderation of C(mT?
?rewr, whether o corf>!? of invalid* mi^ht % , *:o tn>
aigt Hired aud employed, aft nt once (o trta \n tho >
?tupportof meritorious iiuih iduftlx, excluded Uv
auc or Infirmities froiu tin* existing C9trtbliHhmdnf> ?
and to preserve to the public the benefit of their r;
stationary Hcrvlccs and of their exemplary dlhtflh*^
tine. I recommend, almo, an enlargement of thqfr
military academy already established, and tho es
tablishment of others in* other sections of tho t>
nion. And 1 cannot prc*s too much on thi$ji
tion of Congveiix, such a cluHnrttf.t'mn and organ* v
i/Ation of the militia. as will mo.st eftectuully ron^ <
dor it the safeguard of a frcctdute. Ifexpfcrleuw <
)<at? shown in the late Hpleudid achievements or:
our gallant militia* tho value of this resource
for the public defence, it hn? shewn, also, tho imi
nortnnco of that Hkili in the u>>e of arms, uiid thAfc
Familiarity with the essentia) ruies of discipline i
which cannot lie expected front tlie icgnhitioni^l
now in force. With thi* subject is intimately con*
netted the necessity ofi.ccnmiuodnliiigtho luvnin
every respect to tho preat object of enabling th<v
.iwISA..Ihu(I. |""i t" , KVY '
|y and oflVctunHv the physical power of jho union,
i'nthe case* designated by the constitution. ' ^
Tfio fignal nervices which have boon rendered, >
jby.our navy, and the enput iticn it has develoneil
for Micce*sfu] co-operation in the national ttafouce,
will yive to that portion of (lie public force it* full
jvuluo in tin- ??>??? of (.'onpre**, n? an epnqh wMcU
o?|ft^for the. constant vigilance of at I govcrnmenta.
To- preserve the ehiji* now in xouinl ?tatej
complete thune already contemplated 5 to pro
vide mnplv the unpetivhnble muter ioln for prompt -
augmentations and to improve tho oNihtiiijr av
rAnftemont* into more advan^agcou* establish
ment*, for tit? conMruclion. the tepuirp. and the
sectfUty of ve?>t;U of war, i? dictated by tho?
soundest policv.
In niljtiHtii'.p; (lie duties on import*, to (lie ob
ject of revenue, flu* in lUtenco <if the tarilV on
manufacture!*, will necciwarily prcHcnt itself iur
consideration. llo\v?'\cr wise the ' theory miy
he, which leaves to the Migacitv and interest of
individual)* the application of their industry and
rcrfource?f there are in titi*, an . in other 1(Ihcs<?
exceptions to the general rule. Jk'sidoa tliq con
dition which the theory itself implies, of a rc.c$v
procal adoption by other nations, e^porien^ >
teaches that *o tnniiy circumslunccs mmt occur
in introducing and' maturing manufacturing*-4
htablirtlunent>,es?pecinHy of the fnore complicated
kind*, tluit a country may remain long "wi
jthcm, although sufficiently ml vanccd, and in
respect* oven pccvdiajrly fitted for cajrryj *
on with success. Under cii cuni&tnnces
H>wcrfuU?pptfl*o to maftuluctujnig 11} d
ins made among uk a progress, rinu <txtmg*ri|is ,
efficiency* which iuotit'v tin* belief* that with a.
protection not more, than in duo to the cutcrprif?>!
ug citizen* whose Interests ore now nt ?take,
it will become, at an cariy day, not ol>ly
gainst occasional competitions from abro
a source of domestic wealthy and even (
not commerce. I n selecting the branch
especially entitled to Hid public patron
ferenco is obviously clwimod by suclt t
licve the United Htatcs from n dependent
leign supplier, ever subject to causital
for articles necessary for tho public <!j
connected with the primary wants <
It will lie an additional recommenj
ticulur manufactures, where "
them are cxtensivelytlfaWliirt:
and consequently impart and
fund of national prosperity
an encouragement wfdeh ci
warded*
Among the meana of atfoancty
tereat, the occaeion is a )
""^tionof congrejw
Mug Moughout
circle of political economy so richly repay thfli
??\ucnse bestowed irti them ; there are noije tbo
utility of which in more universally ascertained &
acknowledged j ihuip that do more honor to tho
"ovcriuiuMii, who*e wise and enlarged patriotism
duly appreciate* tliem. .*\0r is there any coun
try which present** a field, where Mature i'tvitcs
more the art of man* to complete her own work
lor liiri 'iccommoda i inn and benefit. These con
Meration* are stieii'-.tliened, moreover, by the po
litical e fleet of theM' facilities for iiitercomiiuitii.
ration. in bri'i-jtinzJinil bi'.ulini; nmn? closely to
?Hh??r the vai ion ^ parl.> of our cxtcmlnl coiife<l?~
???itcv. W liil *> t llic wtjtli'H, in<li\ iiluallv. yith a
latnlablc fiifi'i'i'ii/f anil c'utilatin:i. avail tj'.cni *
?.rive* of tin-it- I. ca! ?/<>.?. by iiciv wn<l*?bv
m?\ i:;nhl<> rniiaU. (iimI liv improving flic stream*
?.n-rcptiblc ??t* mi vfcnfiiiti* ? !><? ucncral govern*
nu'iit i< t1i?* "iihh o uracil t ? ximiliir nmlci Inking? ?
a national jurinliction, ami i.atinnul
jiiu-nrtf, l?v I lie prospect of tlm* Kyu'emnticnlly
r<?iti|>l?>t?aMiir ho in<-?tiimible a work. Ami it Ih a
l?iw?|?y reflection, i'mi! any defect of o'lnntitution
nl aiitl'ority. which innv he encountered, can b?
sm| plied in a mode which the coiiiititutiott itself
'?an providently pointed out.
Tim preneiit Ih a favoinable ?en*on also for
lirifttiii'*tf ftRiiu into vieu ?!;? cptahlMuncut of a
?iitioniil ncniinarv of leamiii/ within the District
>tf Columbia, ami with wean* drawn (Void tiic pro*
'itM-tv therein subject to tin* piif oritv ofllm ?'?
luvriil icmoriHHPiit. Sttcli an iii?Mn?iofl dalnMtho
pnironnuo ol ( n?* n iii'iinimcnt of tlioir
lotiritnnc for tV mUnticonuon of know
? ;?li>.?t ? s ? 4
?if vouth t'Wiiu.H from frvorv p:?i < of fhch' ifoun
tr\* d?fliif?Inic or? tli*ir return cxki iples of (li0*0
'?intiunnl fcoliiiKM (Hos^ lihcrnl Konfimoits, a ?j>'
foof - fftiiMniM iiiit>itioi ?, which contribute *'??.
omit >'<? <tWH* ui'i'iii '?ini -tivnplh to the Oaf jv>
f itlcal ffcMtektf Vit ic'i that i a lli* >'? vmUiI