The Sumter banner. (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, April 18, 1855, Image 1
DEVOTED TO SOUTHERN RIGHTS, DEMOCRACY, NEWS, LITE ATTJRE, LT CE AND
JOHN S. RICHARDSON, Juit. otav O .r IatteASHIINGTON LOGAN ,
VOL. IX. suMTIERVILLE, S. Co., MAY 2, 1855* NO. 2
THE SUMTER BANNER
1s PUBLISHED
Every Wedmecaday M11orailiag
BY
John S. Richardson, Jr,
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ir the Surnter mimier.
Ie Peti4o01 for a New Co usa
House Jsa Clareaudoms.
The State of South CUrulna, Sumter
-Jistrict, Clarendon Counitay.
Your petitioneis Wouid rempeetully
represetit to yutir " iholinorable i.udv "
%hat as citizens ol' the Erectuon Dis
trict of Clarendon County, hey are
.cusirair.ed froum the imany itinonCe
nienices of the connection, U ask a
.separatiton u.s rnt te J uild scil
District of Sumer, ot whieb it. inomw
-constitutes a partL.
N .xt to tliat ot Charlestmi, your
peLitioners believe that, the Jistrict or
.Smumnter is ote of the laruest In territom
r), the most nmero it pIopmulaion,
4nd decidedly tlie Most enteumbered
with litigation. Its division ittu
" election " and " tax-paying coumtie-'
.kas king since severed Itmany of Loise
ties of citizenship, which usually eoan.
.nect the etumbers ot a comiiunit)
wilh each other. There is, pierhaps,
.no Judicial Divisioti of Lthe Stale, in
which .he interests of the people are
more diversified, their chlaraetvr less
lhomogenous, :Iald the comupositioUn o a
Jury so Jittle calenlated t.) producte a
fair, impartial, a-I untifoitm admminis
tratimn of justice.
Cmfidenace cannot exist, where
-sectional jeiloisies at e so easily pto
'vfpked, and the eitorcement tof law,
antid 'its belhests " loses half its etlic.
acy and influetnce, when it is supposed
,to be administered with mittives ei
ithor of' prejuidice or pred letioi.
The eitizeis of Oine CI..ty are nmit
oreally tried by ti.eir "Peers" when
rthe Jury is cimposed of tie - Part
-anus " of another.
Tle relations betwctn them are
'often those, nieithier of stramngers nor of
iieighbors ; but of a character wl hch
the distance isi not stullicieintuy remlote
'to protect from prejuidice ; nomr ttiw
proximity close enugit to remiove by
.intercoiurse. It' is nomt sturprisitng,
the.refore that, to be the inhtabitamnt mf
-one county or the other, it is iuore or
less to ininenice Ihe litigimt.
'These are somie of the objections
incident as ydur pettoners believe, to
the union of -aty two election Djis.
tricts 1Guder simui-Jar ci rcumstances)
Jinto tone Jtud icial Dist-rict.
'Were the Distriicts of' Che-terfie-ld
and Darlington, of Lanctater atndm
Kersrhaw, of Richianid .mid Lexingmn
severally united unider the sam.
"Judiicial Jurisdiction " thmey w..old
scarcely present boundaries more ex
tensivye, inte'rests itore opposed, ptur.
suits rtmre diversified, jealusies nmit e
easily provoked, and cotdidence more
sensitive and difficult to attract, theun
the inomolous combinattion which
Sunmter District presents of three
tax paying, and] too Election unt~e
organized into one Jludiil District.
With the Cousrt House in eithier of
thlesDisti-icts-with its usuaml appen,
dages of Lawyers, Sherdis, Clerks.
Commissioners, Magistrates, and vil.
lagn influence, could the "iexcluidedn"
ecounty be .otherwise related to thc
'e favored"* than as the ab,.orbed to
the absorbent-the Province to the
-Empire-anid the South (as she now is
In all her Federal itnterests) to the
c&ntralizing attractions of the North.
'Uut werte this all, your petitioners
wonhid n ot have appealed to your
" Ilonorable ikedy ' on this om(casion,
Iiperativv., s they believe, are the
reasons -already git-en for L~egislative
iiterterence. But they are inspelled
by other, aid ihr more urgent csisid.
eratiotis. They plead, that tle delay,
is to them too often, the denial of
justice. They have experienaced that.
the expense and burdetf9 of a far
removed Court. Ionse-an expensie
tavern bill, anid a two weeks docket,
(coistadtly increasing and constantly
trainsired) acnoot, compensate then
even fhr siceu..-s4ul litigat,.sn. orrHi
among them have been kiowv to
thrego their rights rither tian contest
thetn, nuder tile doublit ul circumstani.
ees of tardy justice, exirbitmW ex
pense, and a J ury often, putrge. 1. kas it'
is) of its intelligeniee and its disitetr
esteiness. It Inustl he an extraoirdi.
nary case in deei (" for Suniter Cpemrt
at lersi ") w here tie o costs " do it.
exceed the gains uf a successfid liti.
gat ion.
IIany of your petitioners aire ill
humnble circu.nlstalees, and to them
a distance of intlre than forty miles,
ofien t ravetsed on fioat, with a week
spelt as jurymnen--a fortnight, as
client, or as witniesses ; their nights
i. .eless, anid their bod il the resources
fof their own donestic store, brinig but.
few ceinpensating ad vanatages fur so
tedious, expensive and exacting a sys
tIlm of jS ice.
Your peti t.iners believe that the
anonit saved to Clareiedon of one
siengle terin onily in Siiterville, b
tle eOStablihninL of a separate ju1is
doctition ihr this copunty would amply
stillicet for the eri'vti'on of an adequa;e
Co'urt louse, aid all its ieCessar'v
appediiages. I have we Dieeds, oyr
M t..nges. Coiniveylanes or locatinn to
aLlalitntiCate, we have to reeumd or
search 1ihr them in - llices as reiote,
and scarceiy less ioet'ignt fir' stra tige
from u.. than thsase of' Williiiibslurg
or of Darligisi. Whilst enduii ring
these ae rifices ol' inater -4t tor :.hia -,).4
tern of judicial cuisolilatim. C15rcin
dloss ha1, actually 1*1 finnihed the
greater ainount of' litigation to tile
Sumter Har.
11Cr 'ealdi, her eiiierprise, ld' her
linisperit lia hilerto sipplicl the
larger propoirstii of a dwcket. which
Ihe (tou t, the jit s andi the legal pro
Iessic o e'tanuother Ctounty have arrang
ed, decided, and oft en prejudIged, to
the c''st and in-jui-v 41f, her citizeni I.
With a1 Couti. I louse in lareown limits.
-With the inmcreased thseilitie's, ansd
diin ished expecies of' liiigat ion, hw
imiuch imore woutcld nit the s fpirit 4f
legal iantelligence aus- ill vest igat io i ad
Vallce with that lirogiesive pspieri.
ti of her pe'ph-, ' which it is bh1(111
the indoiicatiln anid Il- a aaspanient.
In the earlier as. gatilzait ion cat' our
.1ildicial Dist rict, t he sparso.ness tf tihe
then pipulationt, iaay- have rendtlerel
such an arraigtnent, a, la1w exists,
indispeisable, to an en ighitene(l ad
ininistrationt of justice. Neither dd A
the character ior amount of thee htiga'
tioni of that dlay. miake it either ic21s.
venieit or objetifonsable to a people
-alrost primitive inl their habits and
requirement--andsl ciiteit with the
enjo mntat (f the Natiaonal Right.
which their vaahmcr had rectily ac.
quired. Bait. inl t he present conflicting
caosnidit i.n If s'eiety, with all the
expedients' wien wealth, erime atid
cupidity, can andal does apply to) sti:anu.
late, as well as csrrupt the suirces of
jiistice-it.is to uis, one of coiapara.
:ive extortiofn to th,' rich,. oppi essionii
eo the pror, ex--!5iioni to the' litigant,
e -in-Iemiton t'c the innoiccentL, and
Sxeipaltion toi thei giucilty.
There were cdoubalt ess reascn~ s oe.'
existinig, for extenadingi cour Juad icial
limits eve-. to th~e bouncadalr 'es of jLn.
casteor, but we're Kershaw aac w he'ld in
legal boniidage to 8imter Couri t Iila4',
as Clar'endo'n still is, she wouaiha estceem
it. iaerhap~s as a grevance(', searce less
tolerable, thani thIat ct whlich here
Revoluct ionaary here-es coinphlained~, in
beinig transported to an lintgl ish Court
And yet, thecre is no more renson
for t his Jutdicialt unaion bcetwceen Clar.
enadon and Claremn, thaii there is far
cane bectweaen Clarernsant anid Kershiaw,
The caiisiderationas, in thect all are ini
t'avor of t ha latter. Climcate. itew est.
poplationi, 'iantercoaarse anid puarsuits.
are all in thier casue moire ebharaeteri.
tie, hlomcogenus, ad ass'rnila s ed.
Like Kershanw, oir like Richelandc.
Clarendon has no tother c anaechiodn
whatever with Clar'emaont, than that
ocf her judicial ties. In seveing them.
sche asks nlo political advantages car
acqmiiremaents, nor aniy remnecaitiams
for the past, she wooald noat, itf shte
could, distiurb any of the comnproiises
oft the Ciat tutioni. She seeks only
a Judicial as we'll us thlat " Electoral "
independece which she ncaw enajoye.
Your petitioncers theoref ore paraey your
Tioniorable Body to take such aaneas.
acres, as In y-aar wisdoumi. you may
deem necessary for estaeblishaing coir
County ineti. a separate Jet:iehal Dis.
trict, and yocur petitioners, as in ut
bound wIll ever pray.
SUWSCR IBE~TS.
G. W. Brmaday,- C4re n....... -
A biijnh lichbourg, Tho'. G. Doerily.
W. Ithame, J. If. Dlinnill,,?
D. W. Witherspoon, D.' Itgin,
John Grillin, Jits. R. Brock,
A. A. Rthatne, A. P. Irock,
Melton A. Stuke, If. W. Maithony,
John M. Stikes, J. S Itich.
Jaq. W. Stukes, J. N. Munricq,
Samujel lHichhourg, R. H1. Rich bourg,,
Jas. L. Jonites, J. E. Grahamn,
Jonatbhan Edoli, ,:as. T. Thigpen.
J. II. M nih, A. W. Thames,
I1. F. Mills. Eli Wea'k.,
J otin U. Himck. 1'. J. Tuchlberry.
.John Jlamies.
Frdrn Artlitur's 1ome Magazine.
HOME SCENES.
DY 7. R. AitrHUR.
No. 1 -.GOVElRNING CHILDREN.
" I'll not live in this wny!" exclaim
Ld Mrs. Lyon, passion ately. "Such
disorder, w1ang ling and](] irre.tu'arit y,
ro file of' all peace; aid mffake tihe
hu-oe a liedluan, in-tead of it et
home. Tom!"-she spike sharply to
i bright litth- fellow, who was pInid
inig awity %@ ith a woolen hantner on a
chair, and inaking a must ittaictable
din;---sto, that, nise, this ii.statt!
Atl % -it, Em'. not a word untmre frnm
' li ps. I vol cant hve il ipteace
wJi hi ur sister. I'll stepraite you.
D'ye hear! I4lush, this ilnst..'!"
-T'heun laake Jule give eit- my pih
eushiion. . e's gzot, it in her pociiket."
"W.s 1 Slh thing; I havn't," ret.rt.
ed Julia.
"You have, I say."
"I tell ypu I havn't!"
,V.ii; you hush?" ie face of
at Mi-. Lytn wis firery red; and
she statajped uipan the floor, as bhe
spke.
-'l wa'-t my piushion. Make
Jile give ie nay piticushionl."
Irritated, boeyonad ctntrol, Mrs. Ly.
m, caugnt, Jula 6y the arm; antd
thrusting her hantd ito her pocket,
drew tout, a thiinile, a piece of lace.
ad a peitkiuf'e."
"I UId you i. wasn'tt there!
attiltbit't y-flu believe ite?"
This iiiupea tinei.gee was moaare thanl
he im'tht.er cuHtilI endrte; and. actin
t'-om tier indigtantt iopulles, she tox
d the ears of, .1 uiini, sttnl l': citn
seittts, at the sbaeu tme, thtt Emily
%.8 as cliely to bla e fair all this tron
It C, ty a wroig a1cetionaifita I& Itet
,.isierq she tuiiled oipie her, alist#, ad
inmoii.,terthig an eqlital punittilitimet.
'i'right.enled lv iall this, the younw1get
chi.drei, whose incessant no1ie, to
the last hiotir. had contaributed tos the
overthrow of their miother's temper,
became suddeily quiet, aid skitike.i
twaya.' into Corniters-anid tihe lbalpy.
that was seated (all the fl.or, b twei
two pillows, ciiived her qiverit.r lips,
aid giainced ihearttilly tilt at Lite di- tart.
L-t1 1tce in which t.he had been used to
see tle lovelight that made her liea v.
.-n.
A deep tquiet fallowed this burst of
paIsioini; like tho hush whichi sticceds
the starmi. Alaw, i.r the evil traces
that were letf, behind! Alas tir ihl -
reptisive iitage of hit mither, da.
gue rreotyped iml tin ilstantt, oil tie
miiemtoa'r) tat her child ren, ad never to
be eitaced. oi Mew mniy, ianya.' i tits,
mi after yeairs, will ntitt a sigh hetave'
lte'ir boasomigs, as thati painiful ref'leun
I.otks tout. upotan themt t'r iim amii.t te
demier remembrancesiil'.2 of clild. hat d.
A woanvati tat goatd imubllti.-a, buit
with searcely any~ si1elfuitira l, as
anad teir ed thiir gaoodi. 'IThat them
shewedt so little titrbarance', on'te witih
th ot' ~her, mi arife'st ed so little fraitern
ail a.lect iton, grieved her deeply .
"'My wt''Ile le is mtaide i.iihappjy by
it.!'' 'she would tatten say. "W hiat is
to be done? It is tdreadf'ul tto think o!
a t'innily grtowing tup ir. disctrd and
dlisunionat. Sistetr at. vairiatnce withI
sishter; anid brot hen' liftintg his hand
against barother."
Aswas usinal afler at. ehnllitiaon oaf
pa~ssi. ii, MIrs IA tar, deepaly depriessedl
spirits. as w~.ell a<i disoturuiaed, ire.
Lfredata'ri her iimily to grieve andt
weep. Lit tig lie t'-igl i('ed lat'y
l'ruaii the floo r, she drnew its head ten.
dierly agauiinst her las'-ai; andl, leavinig
Lte, nursery, stought rthe quiiet ttf her
otwn roaomi. 1 htere.. ini repleitace iad
lean ihnuato, site recalled te stati im
scente thronsgh w hichl slit hisad just pass
Led; aiid bslameitd hersel I tor yieli'g
blmrdly to Icassitai, inustead tat metet
ing the traoubale aunoang he'r chiildren'r
with a quit discrirmiiniation.
T' weeping, calmneuss suitcceded
StillI she watt perplexed in miindt, as
well as grieved at her' own want tof
~elt conttroil. WVhat was tir lhe dotne
with her childlren? il a.were they
Lti be goavernaed aright? Painifutlly
:lid she feel her own uiitniess tor the
ittks By thia t'ime t be baby wats
~seep, arnd the mnother t'elt stusnethling
Laf that tranqtuil p~endet that every true
mother knoww u an~ a vntnur babea is
-lutibering on her b1ssrn. A book
lay tilt t slhtif, near where she iva
sitting, and Mrs. Lyon, scarcely con.
scious of the :act, reached out her naai
-liar the voluni. She opened, t ithour
einirag any interpst in its conteits;
baut, she had read only a few seutittr
ces, when this remark arrested her at.
tetil oin.
"All right gnvernment of chillren
leginas with self government."
.The words seemed written for her;
aniid the Irtth expressed, was cleorated
instantly into perception. She wiw it
tn the clearest light; and(] closed the
boak, and bowed her head in sid ac
knoswledgmient of her own errors.
Thu's, fIor some time, she had ben sit.
ting, when the murmur if voicew frorsn
below grew more and more distinct,
and1 she was soon arotsed to thepain
fel fact, that, as usual, when left alone.
the childreni were wratgling aumonr
tlhemselves. Various noises, as 4af1
poundinag on, aid throwing about
ebanirs, anid other pieces of furniture.
were heard; and, at length, a loud
scream, ruinagled with angry vot ifera
tions, smote upon her eats.
ltalil..ation swelled instantly in the
heart ,f* Mrs. Loin; hurridly placing
the sleeping babe in its crib, she
startel for the scene of disorder,
ioved by an inmpulse to punish se.
vl'r(ly the young rebels against all
athority; and wams hal way down the
-!airs, when lier feevt were checked bv
a rvisbriu no ' the -;. ... .... q
'All right governitlent t' children be.
gins with sellfgovertineit."
"Vill anger sibdje anger? When
.torin tieels storin, is the tetinpst
stilled?" The.e wete the qtuestions
asked f, herself, a :aanost invamolunitaa ily.
- This is no spirit in which to meet
mv children. It never has never wall
elnftorce order and obedietnce," she adid.
Pd, as she stood tipont the stairs, struy.
gli:ng wit'l herself,'t and striving for th
victory. Fromn the mursery came
Ilsudler souids of disorder. Hsoiwwiok
the mtother felt! Yet, in thit veav
weakness was strength.
"I must not stand idly here," she
said. as a shairper cry of anger 1hanote
heir ears; faed so she moved ont qdlekly,
nand ospentinag the nirsory. .dooretuoud
revealed to her children. Julia had
jist raised her hated to strike Emil v,
wIsa stsl confr1ting he with a lie.
rv lace. Both were a little s-artled at
iteir tnather's siiden appearatce; and
btl, expecting the storlm that usually
vatie at stich tisiaes, began to t it aunme
the defiant, stubbort atira wih whick
11wr i..teinperate relruIS wete always
tuiet..
A few inotnents did ' Mrs. Lyti
-,taid Ioaking at herl- chi Id rei0-aief
mit anger, uptin her pal. counatermuru1sa C.
ll-w still all .seearne. .What at I..ok
saf wonetlr (a.le gradually ii!sa the
clhidren's fiaevs, as they glat'u'sl ie
at. tle other. Sit etlaimn I-f shatme
was tae'xt vi.ible. And tuw, ti ansth.
er was csici-suas of a new paower ove
fle vssing rebels sf' lier hutsitt-rhold.
"Ertnilt ," 3said sit; spe'akinag aaili ly.
t with a touich oaf srrow ian her
vlice that, she Could ntt suibdet; --I
wi-l (Du whill go tilt into ial; rosin,
and sit, with Mary while she sls."
W it hstt a sigi I tippositiat, tar ev.
en reluetanace, Em1ily wenit qluie! t
Iraim tie tursery, ill obedicire to iter
mavoaher's desire.
"t his nom is very much in disor.
sder, JualIias."
Many timeas hash Mrs. Ly at sa-d,
untder lake circzanatane -s. "Whay doni't
sou putt thaiag- toa rights..' or, '
nes'veri .saw such giral s! It all ina lhe
roomai was tvopsy turvey, amtl thae floour
ana inach thick with it Irt. you'd ntever
urat over a handv toa p..t thaings ina
ordera;"1 or, "G., anid get thIe brotm,
this tmitnulte, nad .sweep atp the roomttt.
Youit're the haziest garl that e'ver lived."
Many, manty timtes. ats we have said,
hasd suach lan-'.:ae beetn addtesse'd by
Mirs. Lyti nder like circumvastane. s,
to Jutl ia anad her sisters, withosutt, pro.
din c any vthaing better thta a grpmau.
b'ivng. paartial exeecution oft hier wishes.
hitt ntow, the tatilId intiation st that, the
raosm was itt disorder, prod(uced'( all the
elf'cts desired. Jutlia wenat qtaickly
ab, u tt lie wssak of' revstoring~ tmas to
thir r'ight places, and in a little wtsile,
otrder' was atpparenat w hero conftusison
reignaed betiare. Lit the Tommtny, whoase
Isove stt isntuaueting was at intcessanut
:aunoyance to hais mtothter, had ceased
hsis dl~ illo hiet stdent apaa nce, anad,
fsr a t'ew momaaentts, stsaatd ill expecta.
tiona oa a bosxed e'ar; thr aa'a timelt ne
wvas' puozzh-dJ to uandesrst andl the new
aspieet sit atliia. F~inadinag thiat Ihe was
anat uianerl Ith an, as tustul, Ite comt
mt.-nceed slapinastg a stick over the topj
ofl tat oldJ tabale, takintg a mitst eatr.
piercinag ntoise. Inastanttly J ulia said,
ita a law tsaice, to hima
"Doan't. Tiammuy,--duan't dli thatt.
You know it mtakes moithter's head
utelie."
"Does it mnako- yotur head ache,
mothe~r?" asked the child, eCiosily,
and with a pityinag tonett ini his voicej,
as he camne creepinig iup to his tmosther's
side. and hookina at her a. if in tonut
shether h would be repuilsed or not.
"Sometimes it does, lily s:1n," re.
died Mrs. Lyon, kindly; "and it is
always usnplea~anit. W40n1't y-1u try
too plity without making mo> much
Mtistel"
"Yes, mother, I'll try;" answered
lie little fellow, cheerfully. "But I'll
f)rset. soretimes."
Ile laooked earnestly at isis moth -r
as if something nore was in his
Shoights.
"Well, dear, what else?" said she
ceinuragingly.
"When I forget, you'll tell me;
Won't you?"
"Yes, love."
"And then I'll stop. But din't
scild mile muther; fur then I cm't
stt p."
Mrs. Lyon's heart. was tonched.
She caught her breath, and bent her
thep dawnl, too conceal its expression,
uitil it rested oin the silkena hair of
the child.
"Be it good boy, Tommy, aid
mither will never scald yis, any
moire;" she murmured gently, in his
ears.
ills arms stole upwards, and as thev
were twined closely albut. her neelk,
he iressel his lips tightly against her
cheek-thus sealing his part of the
contract with a kiss.
Ilow sweet to the mnoher'.s taste
were. these first fruits tof self control.
Il the eil-art to govern herself, what
S juiwer had slat ',etpired. in stilling
tihe tempest of passiin in her own t.
som, she had poared the oil of peace
over the stirm.fretted hearts of her
chd Id ren.
Only first fruits were these. In
all her after dass did that mnot hier
trive with herself, ere she entered in.
to a contest wilt the inheriied evils 'N
her children ; aid just so fiMt as shp
was able to overcome evil ins herself,
was she able to savercosne evil in themn.
Ofrten, very tolten, did she 6ell back in.
to ti;d st ates ; md tpfie.a, very soien
was si.It-resist~tace *,nly v lih ..ibr:.
hut the feelble iniluence for good that.
flowed frasm her words and aetitis,
whenever this was so, warned hear of
error. and prrompted a snore vigmrous
had an aiinndit reward ?
Patrick Caliosat, Father
of Johan C. Calhoun.
Tihe na se Calho.m wa- osriginallY
written Udglqshon, (parohioced Co.,
htMn,) and emanated from the Celt-ie
I lighlands of Sotlaid. There is sme
thiiig isnore thai a tradittins that tse
Clas, livinsg fill a dang-rerosns coiast of
that. se:s girt land, were .kilful wreek
tr-, and received their iame fromt a
French termn f;r a peculiar foat in tue
amseonlg themis. C4alhie1s111 wass th.- mians
nie'r off writmsig the samisse, sasans after t ie
appearance of the family isi America.
ta wa goradealihly chaiged Lp Calhiui,
big sa o jronoieed geierlly, even
early ,tn the bilioo cof th ri-natoir.
Fhee are ,ime old mnil amnsiasg us,
ho awever, who still speak of Ci.olim.
The lIighasd Clin seems to have
been very respectable, bth in 1)(is
hiers and military charseter; accorinilig
to the lbeoaoaks 4At I eraldry, the liear
berry (Aa!autus uva ursi, or iii Gael
ic, leItfileug i con,) vias hseeaored
as their device air badge oif ditinction.
l'heir tartans, as we lesar . from the
sameis saonree, svens to haive been sulli
ciesntly saiagnsi ienti; thIe halI awinsg were
it, coltsors inU the oradei oft Ihei rarransge
mienit; lue i. b lack, blute bhswk, wht ite,
gseels, red, green, white, black, lue,
black, blue. A lisha ha~s also beent
ehaimied by eeistains knotwmgs? ones oaf
the liunaily, as a piart, af its anlcie'nt
coat, sof atsiis, ill ciinnlectioan with whie!s
(quite a1 ebarneteristic ansecdot its told
aoi the Sensatotr --illulst rati ' e of his re
1p.1 iei~ csnltempjt, 1 ar all such silly
sebies oif a dlarier sage. A femuale sel
ativye talce aisked him ill hitw it was the
tsnmily gait this device sof the fish T'
"h it is very eausi ly asccosunted th,"'
herepilietd; "'in their tild hiss they
fell intao the veary hal habit of' steuling,
fish, ands hasve jusd icisously pacted a
miemsento oif it tin I tir t.stentehe al."'
P atrick Calhauni, the tithier of the
Senair, emigriated at the age of 12,
somlseti me between t he ye'ars 1735 and
1740, frossn Dotnegal cosiuty, Irelasnd,
to Amnerica, aeccimpatsied lby his mno
thser Casherinse Calhottn, and several
bitothers.
Ilis father had died prev'iouis to this
event. TIhey settlied first in Penn~syl
vaisia; but hearing taf better latnds in
Virgitaia, the who le fainti ly asotly
alter remsoved thither, and fornied a
settlemenit isn Elizabieth cousnty,~ w.st
ern Virginia. Here, Ilatri -k' havittg
becaime tat' age, nularrited his irst wife?,
aind lost hser sooni alterwards lby deth.
Ovesrwhe~Ilmed with grief sat. his unex
peeted msisftunetai, he re-olvted to seek
relief ns exile fraomi a sene in which
he caouild nioI.as~ land ht hapy; yttsd ,mt.
ting a ut alaonre threadedl his wity tom the
wilds ot Sainth Cals tlinia. Thie Wax'
haw suett leaent, oni a creek of the sassw
niamie, iln the siorthearni part, (if thet
joriseaaL kasaum. .a.:...t. h.a .t.
bIeen e-talfished, and he ibund in it, a
coivenient resting --lave. AL tie same
peri..d, the portion of counitry nlow
known as Abbeville, was an unbroken
wilderness. except the single settle
ment of Old Ninety-six, wih >se village
stood on lie hill now crowned with
lihe ititeresting remahis of the aold Star
firt. of' Rioltitiohar memory. It
laed been mor Iges the huminlg gronhid
of the Inrdians. and wis reeln itiv be
e'omne fiinons ami ng the atdventu r ni
bters of the nearest white set tIe
ine'nts. Calhouf met with a party of
these, and received from them so
glowing an atectunt ofr thet Flatwoods
or the exceeding -'rtility of the sail
and abuudaice of game, that he deler
mined t) vi Ilt it himself.' Tle hun
ters had scacely exagpgerated their
des~cription: lie found it the most de
sirable spo't1 had seen in America,
aid being an eicellent practical sur
vcyor, laid ofT a large body lit land,
arnd hastened biack to Virgirtia to per
suna2de, if possible, the rest. of the fiam
ily to return, iad oceipy it with him.
lie was successfid; all (if them joine1
himlf, and they iaunded there, 1756,
the present Calhiait settlemett, j ast
eight, years before the arrival inl the
sate neighbothood of the Freniclh
Refiges fiom Abbeville (ni the Sum
tme.
For some time after fixing himself
thus permanently, it s-ens that he
was mneh oftener employed with hi
compass aid stall' in tihe surrounding
aountry, than in the miore quiet work
ofr a fitmer; and it was in one of t lest'
expeditions, that lie first inet, tnder
somewhat romantic circutmstances, the
.mouig lady wha after wards became
his second wife, and the mother of his
illisirious stl.
J'hn Caldwell, a citizen of Chiaotte
c11an:1ty, Virginia, and whose family
tarigi aid exodus 1had, we believe,
bieen similar to those tf the Caloniiins,
fannd, about :he same time with them,
a new htime inl South Carolina. E x
posrinig- ti ctountry first in search of
an agreeable situation, he had settled
with hi-, wife on Mill croek, iin New
Ierry District. Miss M-artha Cald
we!!, h: 4tewrias a fsi n inate f
-ihiomiyde4Ntplasait reAidentce.:
in Viriei to clieet her sister-in IW
in the wild or Carclina, the business
of tir. Caldwell (lie too being a pro
fessed surveyr) detaining him fre'
quently, several days together, from
nis fire~si le,
The excelleti family were livin
hapjaily ont Mill creek, when Patrick
Calliton, survey ing on a certain occas
ian, in the f'orest of Newberry, met
John Caldwell engaged in the same
isinesc. They were strantgers, but
coingaenial in spirit aId blood, a short
Aceliaiance ceniented it friendship
hat lasted through life. Caldwell
invited him to his h-mse, and intro
dcied him to his wifle atid sister, a
eireditf1stance quite common in the
free, tirestrited hospitality of the
coamiry, but which led in this Instance
t a great resuiilts. I Ie became enamor
ed with Mis4s Clidwell,. perhaps on
first t-ight; adJ.ressin-r her soon after,
they were married, and settled on
Caithout creek in Abbeville District
lhere, hajppy and respected, they
lived through the succeedig hidian
Wars, iaid the dark years of the Rev
olution, he surviving till 1796, and
she ta, l80.
Th'le father of Martha t 'aldwell was
a sold1ier in Uasadadoek's war, and had
,e'en ft ang de..d; uafter hi. ai they niamed
their first sun, W~2liiam. ,Jiames, the
second son, was named lfor a venerabale
tuile', the Rev. Jamiies Cal well1, a
Chapauini in the army o WVashingiton.
and who fell at F'lizaethtow~n, in New
Jer-ey, a tinartyr, basely murdlered lby
he cenmies of' his country. A thrill
og1. laount taf this distaidly act, ap-'
paraed ini the lianner some)0six mohnt hs
ago, unider the heazd of "Rev'oIintaonary
Martyrs." It seems that he was sin'
gled out by the R >yalists as a special
vietiiin, tou Itaout of his talents,
iiiince and devoationi to the cause oaf
liber-ty. The brutal soldier suborined
to dispaatch him, sufTered capitally foar
the ohk'ee, (See Dr. Murray's his.
toary atf the Presbytecrian Chureb,
El itabethitown.) Besides John Cafd.
wells thtere we're three tather brothers oft
Mars. Calhaoun, v'iz: Will iam, Juimess
and David .-Abbevil/e Bonner.
DhnnoverIes Isa CalIf~organc
On the 17th of October last; au par.
ty of' twelve Mormons and one Indian,
headed by 0. 1). Iuntington, left
Maitti, tone taf the most southern
si'ttlemients in iUtah Tlerritaary, by
retjtiest tat Goav. Yaamtg. tdf Cejtloe the
soniihomrin part ot' the T1era itory, of
which inothing is known, aind if possi
ble tapent a trade with the Navajties,
whao d well in that quarter, f ar sheep,
gaaats antd hor-ses, of wh-t.h i, is known
theuy have abunance. 'They have,
be~sidesz, coinsideramale skill in umanufac'
iinra; anad taake all their blankets,
:catfher, bridle bits, &c., tmanya'fwhiich
are executed with most eurious work
unn~ship. Tihey also work iron, gold
anuid i.ilver insto a inuititude ot fornis,
and articles for the warrior, hTband.
men and tradesaian. The party te.
turned to the Mmmorr settlements orr
the 1st. of i)ecember last, having 4.
their rip made somre most. remarkabilo
disicoveries. They f'oundi itt fact, t be
ruins ofr citV built inl the rocks, very
similar to the .far- famed Petra irr t i.
Eastern Desert. in.] even sit. passing
it in etent. Yrmn Mr. Iifuntington's
accoitit. furni-bed the Deseret News,.
we take the following highly interest
ing palrtien lars:
Uii th.- 17th, we. left Manti with
our ftfil oit titof menief and animals,
and with five wagons.- We never felt
imiore gloonTy itd doubtful, or under
took what nppeared to Us a more
hazirdius woik, duirina an experience
of twenty yerns In this church. A
wild, mtolinrons and dreary desert,
hitherto almost entirely unknown, lay
beijore frs, and what was still iord
ftormidable, Indian Walker and hids
allies had decre, d that we nevef
should pass, and with tenty Span.
iards had posted themselves on ouf
r iutei and their rallying smoke was
in Full view. Still we unanimously
resolved to go ahead, and our enemies
fled before we redehled their prsition
the Spnifards their way and Walket
his, leaving our path per fectly open.
We fillowed Gunnison's trail to -
within 52 miles of G#and liver, which.
according to oner enIhh Or-;
miles frmi Greitt Salt Lake City -
Ihis road, so fare Was a toileralbly good
one, but the country has little or no
wood, grass Or water. There is a
be-ttiful valley on Grand- River
lwenty miles bong, and from five to
ten Wid. It has good soil and graz
ig rantte, is very well timbered and
watered, and is about fifty miles from
the Elk Mountain. From here wo.
travelled 110 miles to St. John's Riv
er, over a very fough and mountain
ous region, difficult tu pass over even
wvith packed animals, being covered
with dense forests of cedar. ~It is for.
my miles fromi St. John's River to the
near. st Navajo town.
NIzbEiTIoN fl TiRE NAvAJE8S-CA
inALsMr.-The Navajoesmet us -iith -
very eea d
we arrived, hid killed, bole ria
en a white man, so great was theif
ex.isperation. By the persuation .
two friendly Indians with us-our
guide and iterpreter-they listine(
Sanl explanation of our businessqZ
We were fially enabled to form
treaty and did s--me trading with thlen;i
whih they were doing some tall.stetdi
ing from- us. They were highly excl
ed, but tile ehiefs were maore cool,
Ippeared quite friendly, and wished,
us to comie again and trade. Tradet.
is the best letter of introduntion a
white man can take anong the lddi
ans. 'I heir great Captain wished its
not to go among their towns and vill
ages, its there were sOme that could.
iit be controlled, and he did not itanb
to light s. lie said we had come a
very great way, and he wished us
well, and *ent to his town and broughb
outai a itbudance of corn, meai flour,
bread, boans. dried pumpkin, dried
squash, pinenuts, with sheep and. guab
meat of the flnimst quality, to fit us oub
lhr our jotirney home.
i-iaer Discoviny or RTiLis.-On
the North side of S'. John's River,
antd about five hundred miles soutiheast
fiom thle Great Salt Lake City; we
trat'elieul o. er a secttioi of countr9
mostly among the mountains, and
abdiji, forty miles int length, ump anid
downt thme'lver, by twiehtyh~e miles
itt width, covered wvith the ruins of
larmter towns and villages. The wailla
of many builIdings are still1 staundit
entire, some oft them three or 'font'
stories hight, with thte ends of the red
cednr joists y et ill the walls, some
pIrojecting eight or ten iniches, bub
worn to a point at their extremities.
Ev'ery building was a furtification ini
thle strongest, manner imaginable, and
in a style that the present age knew
nothini: olf; mim ofthem still plainly
showv the wholdt mtatinetr of structutre
and~ evenl the mi irks of the workmen's
tdals. Thme first ruins we discovered.
w--re three butildintg,. ombled to
mere heaps. Onit appeared to have
been a poittery, for in and around it
were loads of fragnments of erntekery of
line gntality ottamesnted with a~ dreaL
variety of figures, painted wIth va~rious
tolobrS AR bright as if lput on yesterday1
A 16-a-rlFIED Crrv,-From here iy
travelled ten miles, with Ioeessionnt
ruins by the way, and entered a deep
canon wvith projecting shelves of rock,
tamd under these shelves avere nlumer'
(coNTINUED ON FOURITH PAGE.)
*St. John's Riecalled by the. 8juilt
andknon o te mps s an .31an5 Ui....a
It takes its rise in the inountai on we
side ofuhe Rio Orands, neuly opposite Tani,
Iand raninning almost due west, empties into,
. Grand Rset jbst abow' the point where Grand
and Green ivers unite to forns lhe Coiorado.-.
'ATe San Juan psem thronglh a eouintryWhich
has been rarely trodden byslhe whiew -mal d
of whiceh nothmig is known. Ita 'Jusoito
1thrnd-River ti in abou 'th lalMEq.