Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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'' ' a??? mmrnaw mirmwimm* ' . jf| VOLUME VII. ClIRRAW. SOUTII-CAROLINA, TUESDAY, APRIL 1% 184* NUMBER 23 Ji By I?I. MAC LEAX. Terms:?Published weekly at three dollars a year; with an addition, when not paid within three months, of twenty per cent per annum. Two new subscribers may lake the paper at five dollars in advance; ami ten at twenty. Four subscribers, not receiving their papers in town, may pay a year's subscription with ten dollars, In advance. A year's subscription always due in advance. Papers not discontinued to solvent subscribers % in arrears. Advertisements not exceeding Ifilines inserted pf-V; or one dollar the first time, and fifty cents each | absequent time. For insertions at intervals ot , two weeks 75 cents after the first, and a dollar \ if tho intervals are longer. Payment due in i advance for advertisements. When the number j of insertions is not marked on the copy, the j advertisement will be inserted, and charged til rdered out. IO-The postage most be paid on letters to the editor on the business of the office. ^ tr j,? Wm According to a table of Agricultural j statistics appended to the Annual Report of the Commissioner of Patents, the fol. towing is the number of bushels of wheat and Indian corn produced bv the different Slates and Territories: y" States. Wheat. Indian corn, i Maine 997,41*2 999 541 N. Hampshire 420.816 191.275 Massachusetts 189 531 1,905,273 Rhode Island 3.407 471,022 Connecticut 95,090 1,521.191 Vermont 512,401 1,107,219 New York 12,309,141 11,441,258 -NewJersev 919.043 5.134.300 | Pennsylvania 12,872.210 14.909,472 P Delaware 317,105 2.164.507 Maryland 3.747,652 6,999,124 Virginia 10.010,105 33,987,255 N.Carolina 2,183,026 24.116,253 ,,v;> a Carolina 963,162 14 987.474 Georgia 1 991,162 21.710.227 Alabama 869,551 21,594,354 Mississippi 305,091 5,995,724 Louisiana . 67 6 224.147 v / Tennewoe 1873.584 46 295.359 Kentucky 4,090.113 40.797,120 Obio - 17.979,547 35,452.161 Indiana 5.282.864 33,195.108 Illinois 4 026,187 23.424.474 Missouri 1 110,542 19.725,146 Arkansas 2,132 030 6.039 450 Michigan 2,896,721 3,058,290 Florida Terr'ty. ' 624 69 4 205 ^ Wiskonsan Ter. 297,541 521,244 Iowa Territory 234.115 1,547.215 ri Dist. of Columbia 10,105 43,725 Total 91,642,957 397,390,195 From the N. E. Fanner. Seventh Agricultural Meeting at the Slate Iiou.se. B* r . ' SUBJECT?THE D A FRY. ft? <*' Putnam Editor) stated, that having been unable to ob.ai.i any ?ne else to open the debute, he must talk a while, it should he, on a butter Turin, an object 1 to obtain from a given quantity of food. ^ as much good butter as possible. To do this, attention should be paid to the butter properties of the milk of different cows. There is a vast difference in this respect even among cows of the same breed. Some make a comparatively large quanti. ! ty of butter from little nulk, wliiie some free milkers make but little butter. He had known two cows, one giving 4G to 48 lbs. of milk per day, in June ; the either giving about 25 lbs.; and each making about 121*2 lbs of butter per week. A two year old heifer from the first of these cows, gave 10 or 11 qts. of milk per day; a two year old heifer from the second cow, gave or 9 qts. per day, and each made about 7 lbs. of butter per week. In those instances the cow and the heifer which gave the most milk, made the best butter?though all was good. Is it a general rule that where the quantity of butter is large, that the butter is better ? Should not have expected this, hut the reverse. Thinks that if the cream from different cows is kept separate the quuntity of butter will he greater "than when mixed as is usual. This opinion he holds - because when the milk of the several cows is k pt separate, the result by calculation shows that the quantity from the whole flock should he greater than it is. Remembers that Dr. Merriam of Tops, field, stated in the Transactions of the Essex Agricultural Society, that he obtained about as much butter when he kept but one cow as when he kept two, though the nnf. cow was one of the two. and the pasture the same. (Was not the feed of the cne as good as that of the two ? asked Mr. Buckrninster.) Perhaps the feed was the same for one as the two, though Dr. m M. is not a person likely to stint an ani^ mal with food. - The mode of milking is of much consequence. (We have not room to report" the experiment that proves it.) '1 he op eration should be performed quickly and gently. The food given to the animals has much oflect upon the quantity and quality of the milk. Nothing is better than the good natural grasses?but in this vicinity our pastures dry up very much in August and September, and then a good article of food is corn fodder, or cornstalks. This can be obtained in large quantities from ^ . .ii h given quantity ot lanu. Among me hay*, the secend crop or after-moth, and hoe clover are the best fur milk. Of the roots, potatoes uncooked will produce a 1 largo quantity, hut the qualiiy is poor ; when cooked, the quality of the milk fs better, hut it is less in quantity. Carrots make rich milk. Sugar beets make a large quantity, of good quality. Ruta bagas increase the milk, hut generally give an unpleasant flavor to milk and buttet. This may he remedied by put4 ~ ? I/* ... -4 ..r Ufn Inr f A A'trh 11II or a ||<{!| [Mill III nulling ncivci IV www.. gallon of milk, immediately after it is drawn from the cow. Pails, pans, churns, cellar, milk room, &c., all should be kept clean and sweet. In summer, the tern, pcrature of the cream at the time of churning, should he kept as low as possible; but in winter, it it he kept as low as possible : hut in winter, if it be kept up between ,60 and 70 degrees, the butter will come without trouble. The great cause of had butter is the failure to | work out the buttermilk. The difference between the worth of good and bad butter is so great, that our dairy-women ought, if possible, to do better than is usual with them. Mr. Dodge, of Hamilton, agreed with the remarks in relation to the worth of corn fodder. He sowed one-half of an acre late in May, upon sward-land. It was of a small kind and the drought hurt it. But he fed well twelve cows and some young stock, Irom this, every night for five weeks. The effects were very good; his cows did not fall off in their milk like his neighbors. They were carried well through the dry season, and did hotter through the whole autumn for this summer feeding. The labor of growing the half acre is not great. He shall next season sow the Southern corn?is is not so much a fleeted by drought. The stalks of sweet corn are not cather so well dy his cows as those of the common corn. The labor and care of making butter are so great, that he wonders that people can complain of the price of butter?25 cents per pound. The churning by the common shaker churn is a tedious process. He wishes that some ingenious Yankee would outdo the Shakes and give a better churn. Mr. Quincy (President) visited Orange county, N Y., a few years since. There they do all the churning hv (logs, in a sort J Or O 1 of treadmill. The dog gets tired of it? r? o and you must catch him where you can. We have a fireat many lazy dogs here in .Massachusetts, and would it not be well to put tliem to the churn ? Mr. Buckininster, (Editor of (he Plowmm,) agreed that cows should he milked rapidly, lias ascertained by experience that it makes a great difference. If the milk be not taken away fast when it begins to flow freely into the hag, it seems to he drawn back again. In making butter, the important point is to separate the buttermilk thoroughly. Some insist that washing with water hurts the butter ; but he deems this the result of prejudice. He puts water into the churn as soon as the butter has come, and keeps drawing off, adding and churning until , tr the water ceases to tie while. ion muy make good butter from sour crcani if the ! butter is properly worked over, ; It is a good plan to dry the salt?then | it helps to absorb the moisture. Mr. Dodge finds the women in his neighborhood full in the belief that water hurts the butter. lie lias been laughed | at for asking to have it tried. Believes ! that where an opinion among practical dairy-women is universal, that there is some good foundation for the opinion. Mr. Putnam. The washing of butter is done in Essex county. Much that has obtained premiums there has been washed. But it is worked over by hand afterwards. Mr Boies, of Blanford, stated that in his vicinity it is thought important to have i the cream sweet. If water is put upon the butter after it has been set awav and become cool, the effect is bad. Some dairy-women are paiticular about the kind of salt use. Rock salt ground is much better than common salt. Butter made ''between hay and grass," does not keep well and is not good. If he were in Mr. Dodge's situation, keeping a dozen 1 cows, he would get a dog churn and | churn the milk. The people in his vicinity mostly make cheese. The raising of corn fodder may j he well where the land is dry and pasturage short; but in his region it is not necessary. What cows we keep should he kept well. lie would not make butler and chce*o both on the same farm. Mr. Cole, (Ed. Farmer's Journal) when he gives salt to cows feeding upon turnips, and feeds the cows after milking, finds no unpleasant taste to the milk.? Cornstalks are the cheapest fodder we can raise. A gentleman of Worcester county obtained 40 tons per acre of the Chinese Tree corn. That kind of corn may not he the greatest humbug. In Pennsylvania, the diary houses I usually have a stream of water running * * . i through them, and the vessels are set in I water. This keeps the milk cool, while the room is well vgutilat^d. Prefers stone ware to any other for dairy purpo. j ses. The kind of salt is important. The rnrU* salt is best. Other salts often con tain poisonous substances. The fodder for the hundred city horses kept at the city stables, is all chopped by dog power, and our city dogs like the exercise.? j Doubts whether it is well to put water to | butter; thinks it may injure the flavor. I Huttcr should not be worked by the hands This makes it soft and greasy. In winter, milk set where it will freeze, gives more cream. The cream may he scrajKid off, boiled, scummed and churned. The butter will be good. Carrot joice improves the appearance of the butter, nnd he thinks a Is its flavor, Mr. Thayer, of Braintreo, once kept a large number of cows, and made butter. All must be kept clean and sweet. He washed his butter. You can not get out all the buttermilk without washing.? What the cow cats, gives the flavor to the butler. Carrots are the very best food. Mr. Mcrriam, (Ed. of Cultivator, as* ^ c i?i . t.??. signed nve causes 01 ?mu ?uuci, ?.*, , .-?vu? , vessels, buttermilk left in, had salt, bad firkins, and artificial substances to give it color. It is difficult to make cows give much milk in winter; one cause is that they do not drink freely. It is well to give them some warm water after they have taken as much as they will of cold, i Mr. French of Braintree, thinks that he is deriving much advantage from having water all the time immediately before his stock, where they stand in the barn. I The water runs in a small trough, 4 or 5 inches square, immediately before the feetofeach animal, and the stock drink better there than at the trough in the vard O 0 or at the spring. (We find it the same with our stock, Editob.) to cure sheep skixs with the wool ox. Take a spoonful of alum and two of salt petre ; pulverise and mix well together, then sprinkle the powder on the flesh side of the skin, and lay the two flesh sides together?leaving the wool * - ? - - I IV outside, i'lien told up the wnoie sKin as tight as you can and hang in a dry place : in two or three days as soon as dry take down, and scrape with a blunt knife til! clean and supple. This completes the process, and makes you a most excellent saddle cover. If when vou kill, your mutton you treat the skins in this way, you can got more for them from the saddlers than you can for the wool and skin separately disposed of otherwise. N. B.?Other skins which you desire to cure with tho fur or hair on may be treated in the same way. S. W. Farmer. from the transactions of the society' for promoting agriculture in the state of connecticut. Of Mixed Earths and Creek Mud. i What experiments have been made of creek or harbor mud from the sea flats? what of mud taken from fresh-water ponds? what of the soil taken from swamps /.irnrflnu/pd ? Hnw have tliev been used ? w*Vl Mw"w" "" " "" J on what soils, for what crops, for what grasses, in what manner, in what quantities, and what advantage has been derived from them ? Mr. Belden, of WefhcrsJIeJd. A piece of land in my neighborhood was manured with earth that had been leached to make saltpetre?the earth had been leached ten years before?the land has borne surprising crops evpr since this earth has been applied. I have never witnessed so great and lasting effects from any species of manure. Mr. Ilart, of Berlin. One of my neighbors carried on to his up land mowing a number of loads of earth from under an old barn. It has improved his land surprisingly. For several years the crop has been very great. Mr. Abel Bronxon, of Waterbury. I ' A? - d ^ b "-olh tft l/rt rt rf 1)A nave ineu nic em>m, uim.ii num mv ditches in my meadows, but never found that my land received any benefit. I have carried large quantities into rny hog stye and burn yard, in autumn, and in the spring have manured my Indian corn with it. I have found a load of this mixture of the earth and manure, as beneficial as a load of unmixed manure, from the barn yaid or the stye. 1 have used the mixture, when it has Iain in this situation a year, and never found any dung better. OF YARD OR STABLF. DUNG?TAXXEB'S BARK, &C. What methods have been taken to augment the manures taken from the yard or stable? What means have been found to succeed best for that purpose ? I Mr. Andrew Hull, Jr., of Cheshire. I have found no manure so beneficial, on poor land, for potatoes, as the droppings of the cattle intermixed with sintw, thrown into the yard to make manure, even before it is matured. Afr. Abel Branson, of IVaterbury. I have thrown pumice, tanner's bark, &c. into my hog stye, and found them to become very good manure. Mr. Blakesley, of Plymouth. More : than twenty years past, I had a large nur- j I scry of fruit trees. To prevent weeds, j &c. from growing, I covered the ground j over with tanner's hark. It prevented j every thing but the trees from growing, j Arter some years had elapsed, when the trees had all been taken from the nursery, I I sowed the land with oats and clover. I The oats were good, and the clover ex- | /?nllr>nt fiinpp flii? rlnvpr lino iritnn nut. the natural grass has come in, and the ' land has continued as good nsanv I have. I have found bark one of the best kinds of manure.* ^ I find, from experiment, that two loads of dung, carried on the land in the spring, are worth three loads carried on in the fall. PLOWIXO IN OF CLOVKR, OR BUCKWHEAT. Have any experiments been made of manuring land with clover, buckwheat, or oats turned, or plowed into the earth before they were ripe ; and has any benefit been received ? [ Mr. Hart, of Berlin. I have made an experiment in plowing up a field, on which I had two years before sown clover. The clover was mowed and yielded a good | I crop. Soon afterwards I plowed the field i and let it lie until I found that the clover j had matured. I then plowed it again. | The land looked very well, and I supposed I it much enriched. I sowed wheat, hut | was disappointed in it, for the crop was j poor. I knew, however, that the land I was much enriched, and concluded that I ! was prevented from having a good crop of wheat from other causes, than the land j not being well prepared. Mr. Phelps, of Simsbury, I plowed up a clover field, the second year after it was sown, when the roots were full grown. It was about a fortnight after mowing the land. I let the field lie in this situation about six weeks, then harrowed it well? sowed it with wheat, and plowed in the wheat. The next year I harvested ns much as twenty bushels to the acre.?The soil was rather dry and sandy. Mr. Hooker, of Farmington. I sowed a sandy field with buckwheat. When it was grown and in bloom, I plowed my field in ridges, and covered the wheat. After it had lain about six weeks, I plow, ed it again in ridges, putting the new ridges where the balks were before. Soon after I harrowed the field, and sowed it * - * -?? It A with wheat. The next su.inner i Harvested an excellent crnp. Mr. Br.lden, of Wc'hersfield. I have sown buckwheat, both on sandy land and on loamy land, and plowed it in to propare the land for wheat. I have had good cnps.from it, and have found the experiment to succeed to my wishes. * Tan bark is injurious to soil before it rots ; then it is excellent.?Ed. Gajs. From the American Agriculturist. o american institute premium reports. We subjoin some extracts from the manuscript reports of the American Institute of this city, on the exhibitions of products of American art, from statements offered at their Annual Fair, Octo. ber, 1841, Silk. "It is a subject of regret that among the large number of silk growers who are now producing the raw material in considerable quantities, the competitors should be so few in number. They bow. ever, take grent pleasure in stating that some very handsome and interesting specimens have been exhibited ut the present fair, and indulge a hope that ?he number may be greatly increased in time to come, for there is no doubt but a much larger j assortment could easily have been sent to j the Fair from the different sections of our country where attention has been devoted i tn the nroducinir the raw material and I -? I t ^ t j manufacturing it into sewings, hosiery, shawls, handkerchiefs, dress patterns, vestings, velvets, &c.?&c, which your committee is informed is now done to considerable extent in the United States. The silk business seems to have obtained a footing here. It is satisfactorily nscer* taincd that it can be conducted so as to afford females and children, who from the'r situation are incapaMe performing hard labor, an easy, pleasant, and profitable employment. One of th? specimens offered for exhibition has afforded great satisfaction. It was produced hy two ladies, who, at an actual expense of ?100 15, have the past season produced a crop worth nearly ?500. beside the state bounty, (50 cts. per lb.) which, it is understood, is sufficient to pay all the expenses of production. besides the interest on the investment of 81000 for land, trees and cocoonery. Some other fine specimens were also exhibited." sflk Machine.? Dr. Thomas White, i *"% * r I of Tennessee, receiveu a premium lor a silk machine of which the commiltece speak as follows. "It is made to execute several distinct operations in the process of manufacture, at one and the same time, carrying forward the same from the cocoon to the well-formed threads fit for the loom or sewing purposes. Its construction is of the most simple form and made of cheap materials, and can be furnished at a small expense to the J user, bv a class of mechanics found in j | great number* in any paft qf t^e United ' States, and therefore conveniently open ] to the acquisition of all who may desire j it. A system of reels is made to transfer the silk from one stage to another, avoid- 1 ing the trouble of spooling or throwing, as well as the liability to break from tan- ] glement of threads. By the simultaneous action of all the several parts and processes, the silk reeler will have produced an I article of thread, instead of "reeled raw i silk," in nearly the same time he would i have produced the latter, had that process I been the only one performed ; the amount i of power to propel the whole being so < small as to ofFer no objection to its use by feeble persons. I Regarding this branch of American i enterprise as one of the highest importance, your committee solicit for this ma- < chine the mo*t profound attention, and I recommend an award of the highest hon- i or to he bestowed upon it, and beg lenvo i *? -J-l ? ofufn r\ f iKa a rf frtf t I IIJ BUU III IIIC [iicacil. ntai? v/t >uv .... v. , | which this machine is a branch, your com- i mittee regard that class of machines < which are calculated to advance the raw material in the hands of the growers to | the nearest stage of approach to comple- i tion for the consumer, best calculated to promote the early, profitable, and general i embarkation of the people of the United Stales in the culture and manufacture of silk, and submit the following reasons as the foundation of their opinions," die. die. "The Steam Excavator," originally invented by Wrn. S. Otis, for the purpose i.f t?v/?nvntinir Mrfh for canals, roads, &c., j ? v received the following high commendation from the intelligent committee appointed to report upon it. 44 It i* calculated to do the wosk of 150 men. Allowing for stoppages, &c., one ; minute is sufficient to load a car containr ing 1 1-2 cubic yards. This would give 900 cubic yards per day 10 hours. The interest on the cost, wear and tear, labor &c., is $13 50 per day, which if we call $20 per day, gives us the labor of i 150 men for less than 14 cents per day j each. The steam engine by which it is moved is 14 horse power, nnd is easily managed by two men. It works well in clay, sand, gravel, and all soils. Being placed upon a car, its position is easily changed, and advances or recedes in the manner of a locomotive as the case may require." Here follows a more particular description which we have not room to subjoin. "Stephen Yate's Process of making Cheese. In tho making of cheese in the ordinary way practised by the dairymen of Herkimer Co., I discovered that when the milk was scalded, an oil would rise on the top and run olf in the whey, J i}irepted my dairyman not to scald the curd, and found I not only retained the aromatic oil, hut also ail the cream that would otherwise escape in the whey, and I kept the cheese in press for some days, (occasionally turning them,) until the linen wrapper was no longer moist. After this they were attended to in the usual way, except that they were rubbed with hog's lard instead of whey butter. Tho cows supplying the milk had ac, cess at all times to good running v\ ter. i The presses I used were the invention of Nathan Loomis, late of Montgomery Co. N. Y., now at liuirfax Co., Va., and cost only $4 each." " Sixteen acres of Cabbages, plant. 1 ed on the farm of Lambert Wyckoff by 1 Peter Walsh in Bushwick, Kings Co., produced 61,120 heads which sold for $2,344 77. The sod was turned over in the fall and cross ploughed in the spring. Fifty cart loads of street manure from New York city was put on an acre, at a cost delivered ( on the farm, uf 40 cents per load, and the whole cost of cultivation $10 per i acre." From the Connecticut Farmers'tGazette. for corn?a recipe. Mix Plaster, unleached Ashes, and - - - - - - .?-_ c ii : quick line lime togemer, in me louuwmg i proportions,?two parts Plaster, two parts | Ashes, and one part Lime, and apply a j small quantity of the mixture to each hill j of corn immediately after the first hoeing, j J and see if it don't go a "leetle" ahead of ' any thing you ever tried to make corn j grow. Be sure to leave one row without the application, "jest" to see the differ- , cnce, Novics. j Mississippi Wiibat.?Our readers are J mostly aware, we presume, that some ex- ( cedent wheat was grown in Hindscounty , last season. Dr, D. O. Williams presented us with specimens of three differ- ( ent varietics-r-all of which were as fine , as we havo seen in any of the wheat - * i growing sections of the country. It may not be known, however, that in many of | the countios further south than this, the planters raise enough of wheat for their ( own consumption. This, however, is the fact. Even as far South as Marion county, they have their bolting cloths attach, ed to every mill, for the manufacture of flour. The Representative of that county. Gardner Holeomb, Esq., informs U9 that he raised fifty-three bushels the last season. Ja (he interior counties to the Northward and Eastward, wheat ie. raisers n great quantities.?S. TV. Farmer. . i v . _ . _ 'roin the annual Report of the Cotnmrvnl sionerof Patents. ZEXAUKS ON THE AGRICULTURAL STATU* y ^^ In connexion with the fbregofng'IVui- ; far View, it in deemed important to add <ome general remarks in reference to the ; ; props ot 1841. and also particular! rela-; J ting to thevarious articles enumerated, .; and the prospects of the country with re, V, |p gard to them for years to come. ifcj This tabular view has been prepare I u< from the Census statistics taken in 1840, ; upon the agricult: j il products of the year 1839 a* the basis. These hare beajL.V-| carefully compared and estimated by' jigs laborious examination and condensing of jM a great number of agricultural- pnpcpjp^* reports, throughout the (Jnion^&MwB gether with such other inforo)atijg| as could he obtained bv recourse duals from every section of tha^Wuntrr^ ft is believed to he as eerrect-iswith the^ ptreseut data can be reacted, although. could the entire attentioivof a competent person be devoted to the preparation of ai* Innnual Register, to be formed by co||eo-' Iting. comparing, andclsssifying the mri? Inus item? of intelligence, and condurtifi^jl Ian extensive correspondence with refer. .? lence to !his suhjaci^an amount of statists! Itical and other ;n format ionrelating tothdj I agricultural productffpf our country might * lite furnished, whichjwould be exceedingljdHj I valuable to the who$ nation, and q. hqp? 'i Idred fold more th.in fepay a" the expend-J Iture for accomplishing the object, Ttfar-f statistics professedly derived from the ? ..J census, which have hee.n published dur.*J ing the past year in amflj journals, are very incorrect, as any one can assure himself by ^mparing them c with the Recapitulation jqst is-ued frprfl the census bureau, by detection of tho-aj Secretary of Slate.. They ?|ere probably copied from the returns of theLmafsbale * of the districts, before they* fi|o|i>eea^ suitably compared and corrected, The estimates of the foregoing Taonfr s^-^ lar View are doubtless more closely acrfr?9 ^ rate with regard to some portions of tbe ^ country than others. The numero*t*iS agricultural societies in some of the State^l with the reports ana journals ui'yuibu '"iirjljBl to this branch of industry, afford a meant ^.^5 qf forming such an estimate as is not to be found iu . f en. Papers of this de?-* scripfion, giving a continued recoH'of the cropps. improvements in seeds, and*. ? means of culture, and direction of lab <r, are more to he relied on in this mattes than the mere political 01 commercial^., journals, as they cannot be suspected, like these latter, of any design of forestai, t ' ling or otherwise influencing the market, by their weekly and monthly report of the crops. Portions, too, of the Census ?y statistics haye probably been more aeeur->1 ately taken thun others. In assuming -f them as the basis, reference must also his >'j had to the annual increase of our popula* linn, equal to from 300.000 to 400,000, and in some of the States reaching as v high as 10 per cent., as estimated hy the ten y;ars preceding the year 1840, and " also to the diversion of Jabor from thevaga works of internal improvement carried 1 on hy the States, in consequence of which the consumer has become the pro. ? ducer of agricultural products, the prices ^ of articles.raised, dice., with the varjouq other causes which might occasion an in* >* crease or a decrease in the products of * ? each State, and the turn t -V?| of agri*'cultural -supply. For convenient refer, ;;j| ence, the census return, total, of the pop.' * ulation of eacii State, and also theestimn- ' ted population according to annua! in- 3&V crease, are added to the ta ble, in separittu* ' columns, beside each other. The crops of 1839, on which the Cpn? ? * 'M bus statistics are founded, were ae appears from the notices of that year, very ahqq. 1 dant in relation to nearly every product ; throughout the whole conntiyf* indeed, unusually so, compared with t|,e year* ; preceding. Tohncco may be considered nn exception ; it ii described to b|ve been generally a short crop. The crops of the succeeding ye ir ere ' likewise characteiized as abundant, -The success which had attended industry in ' 1839 stimulated many to enter upon n.-* larger cultivation of the various articli* produced, while the stagnation of other branches of business drew to (he same ?Sg&|| pursuit a new addition to the laboring force of the population. Similar causes operated also to a con- .V" sideruble extent the past year, fn 184lt fl the season maybe said to have been less C.it/iraKU in mnnv rp?iu>c.lM (hati in thn ISmk IffUIUl/IV WWW * ? w-.-two proceeding ones; bul the increase of the laboring force, and the amount of soi{ cultivated, render the aggregate somewhat larger. Had the season been equally favorable, we might prol>ahly bavo rated the increase considerably higher, as the annual average increase of. the grainy, with pmotoes, accordingly to the annual increase of our population, is about 30 ml,' -.*% lions of bushel*. Portions of the country -M1! suffered much from * long drought during Wjl&i the last summer, which affected unfavor. ably the crops more particularly liable to feel its influences, especially grain, corn, and potatoes. In other parts, also various changes ofiiie weather in the summer and autumn lessened the amount of their staple below what might have beep geth * ' ! _ LI. ssrea, rmu me season prwvea i^var^oie.