Farmers' gazette, and Cheraw advertiser. (Cheraw, S.C.) 1839-1843, December 15, 1841, Image 1
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VOLUME VII CHER AW. SOUTH-CAROLINA, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1841. NUMBER 5.
* \ *_
By M. MAC LEA*.
Tcmsw:?Published weekly at three dollars a
year; with an addition, when not paid within
three months, of twenty per cent per annum.
Two new subscribers may take the paper at
fire dollars in advance; and ten at twenty.
Four subscribers, not receiving their papers
in town, may pay a year's subscription with ten
dollars, In advance.
A year's subscription alw.iys due in advance.
Papers not discontinued to solvent subscribers
in arrears.
Advertisements not exceeding 16 lines inserted
r one dollar the first time, and fifty cents each
ubsequent time. For insertions at interval* of
two weeks 75 cents after the first, and a dollar
if the intervals are longer. Payment due in
advance for advertisements. When the number
of insertions is not marked on the copy, the
adrertiseinent will be inserted, and charged til
irdered out.
O-Tha postage must be paid on letters to the
editor on the business of the office.
The following were the Yeas and Nays,
in the Senate, on the question of Agreeing
to the report in favor of appointing
a person to make an Agricultural Survey
of the Slate. *
Yeas: Messrs. Allston, Buchanan,
Cain, Clowney, DeTreville, D.Douglass,
Fickling, Gause, Grimball, Gregg, Heriot,
* Jenkins, McWillie, Moses, Palmer, Powe,
Rhett, D. D. Wilson, and John Wilson.
?19.
Nays : The Hon. A. Patterson, President
; Messrs. Boozer, Bovce, Crawford,
Felder, Frarapton, Goodwyn, Gourdin,1
Hagood, Higgiiis, Huger, Jeter, H. G.
Johnson, Jones, McKenna, xMurdock,
Murray, Rivers, Smart, Verdier, and
Witherspoon.?21.
The Aoriculturul interest is the pre
?0
dominant interest in the State, and sustains
the great burthen of taxation. It is
certainly, therefore, nothing more than
justice that a pittance of the heavy taxes
which the farmers pay should be laid out
for their special benefit. Is it not time
for farmers to begin to think of this at
their elections ?
PROCEEDINGS
of thk
ST TE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION.
Columbia, Nov. 22, 1841.
The Society met in the Hall of the
House of Representatives. The meeting
was organized, and the Minutes of
the preceding meeting were read.
The President informed the members j
that he had discharged the several duties 1
committed to him at the last meeting?
that he had received contributions of Es.
aays from several Societies and individuals,
and submitted
An Essay on Sea-Island Cotton, by
II a
An Essay on the Religious Instruction
of Slaves, by Rev. R. Ftiller.
A Report of the Pendleton Agricultural
Society, on Manures.
A Report of the Pendleton Agricultural
Society, on Forage.
A Report of the Newberry Agricultural
Society, on Agricultural Economy.
Of tlie?e, the two hitter were read; and
on motion of Dr. J. J. Myers, it was
Resolved, That a Committee o! three
be appointed to examine the Reports and
Essavs, submitted to this Society from
W * V
District Societies, and from individuals
and that they he directed to publish such
of them as tliev think proper.
The following was the Committer
named.
Dr. J. J. Myers, Dr. R. W. Gihbes,
Dr. I. Fickling.
On motion of Dr. Davis,
Resolved, That a Committee of Five he
nnnnitnrl l>u fKo t? rpnr(rnni7.p
(1|'|M/I?uuu ?M a ? ? .vr.^ .......
the several Committers, for the purpose
of awarding the premiums, and report the
name for continuation on to-morrow
night.
The Committee consisted of Dr. J. B.
Davis, Col. R. F. W. Allston, M.ijor W.
T. EHerbe, Sanson Fair, and VV. M.
Murray.
The Society then adjourned.
Robert VV. Gibbes,
Sec'ry.
DELEGATES?1841.
Monticello.?James M. Taylor.
Waterte Society.?A. H. Boy kin.
Cambridge ?R C. Griffin, N. L.
Griffin, and VV. Brooks.
Fairfield.?VV. S. Lyles, B. R. CockTell
and J. D. Strother.
Pee Dee Agricultural Society.?T. E.
\ Powe.
t I
I one.?J a. msimi.
November 23.
The Society convened and was organ.
<izcd?the roll was called, and minutes of
last meeting read.
The President having called for Reports
of Committees, that to which were
submitted the essays and communications
of other Societies, reported that they recommend
the Esspy on Sea-Island Cotton
be read before the Society, and published
in the Southern Agriculturist, and
that the other communications be published
in the Temperance Advocate.
The President then read that Essay.
i Dr. B. Davis, from the Committee on
] reorganization, reported the following as
Committees for making the awards for
stock.
On Horses?Col. W. Hampton, R. H.
Goodwyn, J. Wright, Dr. T. Stark, and
S. Fair.
On Cattle.?R. F. Taylor, W. K. Davis,
John C Singleton, A. II. Boykin,
i and J. Gillespie.
On Mules.?E. G. Palmer, J. G. Guignard,
J M Felder, J J Myers, and J H
Means.
On Sheep. James M Taylor, E T He.
riot, W Washington, W M Murrav, and
W Ellerhe.
On Hogs J W Parker, R W Gibbes,
W E Haskell, J H Hammond, and E
Means.
On motion, these Committees were
adopted,
Major Murray introdoced the following
resolution, which was unanimously agreed
to.
Resolved, That the President be re.
quested to continue his exertions in pro.
curing the formation of local Societies,
and inducing them and individuals, capable
of communicating information, to
i present to this Society, at its annual meetings.
Essays adapted to their localities.
On motion of Dr J B Davis, it was
Resolved, That a Committee of three
be appointed by the President, to petition
the Legislature for a donation to the Society
of 3500 per annum for three years
Dr. Davis, Judge Harper, and W
Brooks, Esq. were appointed the Committee.
Dr. Myers proposed that a Committee
of five be appointed to nominate officers
of this Society for the ensuing year, and
report to-morrow evening, which was adopted.
Dr. Myers, R F W Allston, W Elier.
be, J H. Hammond, and Dr. Fickling,
were appointed the Committee.
The Society then adjourned, to meet
to-morrow evening, at half past 6 o'clock.
R VV Gihbds, Secr'y.
\ November 24.
The Society met at the hour appointed,
and the Minutes of the last meeting we?*e j
read.
The President read the following communication
from Colonel Wade Hampton
whicli was ordered to be entered on the
minutes :
Columbia, November 24, 1841.
Dear Sir :-Thc meet in or of the State
Agricultural Society afi'o ding a favorable
opportunity for its distribution, I beg
leave to place at your disposal, for that ;
purpose, about two bushels of Musquite '
grass seed. This grass is a native of;
Texas, and as far as I am capable ofj
forming an opinion by an experiment ofj
a single year, is admirably adapted to our |
country. It has, I unc. erst and, been sue- j
cessfuily cultivated by Mr. Carter of Ala- j
bama, for some years past, and the high
est i ma re he placed on it, induced him very
kindly to send me a few quarts of seed in
the summer of 1840. These seed were
planted in September following, in drills,
came up with great regularity, and continued
to vegetate during the whole winter.
A drought of unusual duration in
the spring, and another in July, accompanied
by intense heat, produced no visible
offect on it, and it has continued to flour,
ish through all the vicissitudes of a most
disastrous season. The seed were sown .
on dry alluvial soil, which had been pre- j
pared for turnips; and from a piece of |
ground not exceeding the fourth of an \
, ? ? I
acre, I gathered fourteen bushels of seed.
i 11
It will, I think, make line hay, growing ;
from two and a half to three feel high ; i
and in its native prairies it forms the fa- |
vorite pasture of the wild horse and buf- !
falo.
Appreciating as I do, your untiring ex. !;
ertions in the great cause of agriculture,
I effer no apology for the trou!)le I impose j
on von, in distributing the seed that ac- I
re ,
enmpanies this letter.
Very respectfully,
Your obedient serv't> VV. Hampton."
The President called for Reports from
the several Committees, when the follow- i
ing were presented and adopted.
The Committee on Horses reported j
that they had viewed the animals exhib- !
ited at the Cattle Show, and award the
following premiums :
To Col. W. Hampton, for his horse j
Sovereign, as the best stallion for agricul- ;
tural purposes, the silver cup, $20.
To Col. VV. Hampton, for his hay mare
Bay Maria, as the best mare for agricultural
purposes, the silver cup, $20.
To Col. W. Hampton, for .his mare j
Emily, as the second best mare agricultural
purposes, the silver cup, $15.
To Col. Hampton, for his hr. colt, by j
Monarch, out of Maria West, the silver
cup, $10.
To B. F. Taylor, Esq. for his ch. flly.
by Monarch, out of Betsy Robins, i.he j
silver cup, $10.
James Ferguson. j
j A. R. Taylor. ;
Thomas T. Stark.
/ ? I
The Committee on Cattle reported, that
they have discharged the duty assigned
to them in awarding the premiums.
They cannot permit the present occasion
to pass by, without expressing the
gratification and pleasure they experienced
in examining the very many fine cattle
exhibited. In some cases they found
great difficulty in deciding between rival
competitors.
There were exhibited Durhams, Devons,
and Ayrshires, imported and homebred.?With
such a variety of the most
approved stocks, annually exhibited at
the Capitol of South Carolina, our planters
md farmers have an opportunity of
improving the native stoctk of the country
to an/ extent, and the great advantage
they have over .the original importers is,
that they can get rattle acclimated, and
avoid uny risk from a change of climate.
At the present exhibition, the Committee
do not hesitate to affirm, there
were many which would have stood an equal
chance for premiums at any cattle
show in the United States. They cannot
recommend too strongly the patron,
age of the Society in continuing and extending
premiums for the exhibition of
stock at their annual meetings.
They award the premiums as follows,
viz.
For the best Bull, to Col W Hamp.
ton's Durham Bull Skinner, the silver
cup, $20.
For the second best Bull, to Dr T T
Stark, for his Durham Bull Hector, the
silver cup, $15.
For the best two year old Bull, to C'apt.
R. Ward, for his Durham Bull.
For the best yearling Bull, to Col. Jonathan
Davis, tor his Durham Bull, the silver
cup, $10.
For the best Cow to Dr Jas B Davis,
for his imported Durham Cow, the silver
cup, $15.
For the second best Cow, to Col. W.
Hampton, -for his Durham Cow, bred by
himself, the silver cup, $12.
For the best Heifer, under 3 years
old to Dr. J B Davis, for his Durham
Heifer, out of an imported cow, got in
England, the silver cup, $15.
For the second best Heifer, i.nder 3
years old, to Col. W Hampton, for his
Durham Heifer, bred by himself, the silver
cup, $10.
For the best yearling Heifer, to Colonel
Hampton, for his Durham Heifer, bred
by himself, the silver cup, $10.
For the best Bull calf, to B F Taylor,
Esq., the silver cup, $10.
For the best Heifer calf, to B F Taylor.
Esq., the silver cup, $10.
B. F. Taylor,
Chairman.
The committee to whom was referred
the distribution of premiums for the exhibition
of Sheep, report
The premium to Col. Hampton for the
best Ram?Bakewell.
The premium to B F Taylor, Esq. for
the second best Ram, a cross of "Merino
and Tunisian.
The premium to Col. VV Hampton for
the best Ewe?Bakewell.
The premium to B F Taylor, Esq. for
the best pair of Lambs, a cross of Merino
and Tunisian.
James M. Taylor,
Chairman.
The committee on Mules beg leave to
report, that they examined carefully all
the mules exhibited, and have awarded
the premium for the best two year old
mule to Dr. Thomas T Stark, of Richland;
and the premium for the best three
vear old mule to Dr. James B Davis, of
Fan held.
Maj. Felder, of Orangeburgh, exhibited
norne very fine mule colts, but according
to the arrangement of the premium list
of the Society, they could not compete
for premiums,
John J. Mvf.rs,
Chairman.
The committee on Flogs respectfully
report, that t ley considered the merits of
all submitted to their inspection, and
award the premiums
For the hest Boar, to Col. Hampton,
for his Berkshire Boar.
For the second hest boar, to Dr. J VV
Parker, for his Berkshire Boar.
For the best Sow, to Col. Hampton,
for his Berkshire Sow.
For the second best sow, to Dr. T.
Stark, for a Woburn sow.
For the best Pigs, under a year old, to
Col. Hampton's Berkshire.
For the best Pigs, under six months
old, lo Dr. Parker's pigs. Berkshire, and
no bear. J. W. Parker,
Chairman.
The committee appointed to nominate
Officers for the Society for the ensuing
year, beg leave to report the following :
Hon. W. B. Seabrook, President.
W. Brooks, Esq. )
Chan. Harper, $
Chan. Dunk in, Vice Presidents.
Maj. J. !\1. Felder, ^
(ion. J. Gillespie, )
A II Boy kin, Corresponding Secretary.
Dr. J B Davis, Recording Secretory.
Hon. J B O'Neal!, Anniversary Orator.
The chairman also would state that Dr.
R \V Gihbes, the present Secretary, desires
to withdraw from fhat office.
J. J. Myers,
Chairman.
The question being put on the adoption
of thi rrport, it was imaniraouplv agreed
to. ' I I
The President, in an eloquent and feel, i
ing manner, acknowledged his re-election i
to the Presidency. t
W Brooks, liJsq. suggested to the Pres.
ident the propr iety in appointing the com- j
mittee on cotton, to arrange it so as to
have two Sub-committees to report on I
Long Staple and on Shoit Staple cot- f
tons. 1
On motion of Dr. Davis, the following I
resolution was referred to a committee of 1
three?Dr. Davis, B F Taylor and S c
Fair. . c
That in the opinion of this Society, no a
stock which has been exhibited and obtained
premiums at the present anniver- r
saiy meeting, shall compete for pretni- f
urn* hereafter. t
On motion of Dr. Myers, the following i
resolution was referred to the same com- i
Resolved, That the committee on mules |
ahull hereafter award two premiums to i
mules: the first, to the best mule; and
the second, to the second best mule;
and that mules of any age be exhibited '
for premiums.
On motion of E G Palmer, Esq.
Resolved, That this Society recommend
to its members, and the members of the
District Societies, to patronize the Tern,
peranee Advocate, the Southern Agriculturist,
the Ploughboy, and the Farmers'
Gazette, by subscribing to them.
On motion of Dr. Davis, it was
Resolved, That the constitution be so
amended, that instead of one Delegate
from each District Society, five be received.
Dr. J W Parker offered the following
resolution, which was adopted.
Resolved, That the thanks of the Soci- s
ety be tendered Mr. R E Russell, for
his exhibition of h^ers, and that he de- i
serves the commendation 01 ,*he Society
fcr his Agricultural and Horticultural
Repository.
r\ r u. t> l.? |]
un motion 01 ifir. i?ruoiv*,
Resolved, That the thanks of this So.
ciety be tendered to Afr. Gibbes, the late
Secretary, for the fidelity and courtesy (
with which he has discharged, for the last
two years, the duties of his office. '
The Society then adjourned until to- 1
morrow evening, 5fKf. past 6 o'clock.
RdBiRT W. Gibbes, i
Recording Scc'ry. I
Nov. 25, 1841.
| The Society met at the appointed hour. <
The minutes of the preceding meeting |
were read, and the Secretary, Dr. Gibbes, i
turned over his books to the newly elect. ,
ed Secretary, J B Davis. i
The President announced the following
committees, under the constitution.
COMMTTTKE ON COTTON.
Gen. George McDuffie, Abbeville; J
William S Lyles, Fairfield; William K
Clowney, Union; Simeon Fair, Newber- 1
ry; .1 Douglas, Chester; A H Boykin,
Kershaw; Dr. J Fickling, St. Lukes; 1
William M Murray, St. John's, Colleton ;
William Washington, St. Paul's.
COMMITTER ON CORX. |
Col. Jonathan Davis, sen. Fairfield; ,
Col. Whitfield Brooks, Edgefield; L j
Boozer, Lexington ; W R Poole, Spartanburg;
JM Felder, Orangeburgh; BF
Taylor, Richland; C R Carroll, Barn,
well. '
COMMITTEE ON RICE.
R F W Alston, All Saints ; Daniel E. j
Huger. St. Philip and St. Michael; P '
Quash, St. Thomas and St. Dennis; J B '
Grimball, St. Paul's; T. Ferguson, St. 1
j John's Berkley; B F Dunkin, All Saints. ]
oAMUTTTr o ov CM1T.T. A TN.
UUlHiH LA & ii 14 v.i v * .
Hon. J B O'Xeall, Newberry; Colonel |
R J Gage, Union; Col. J A Alston, i
York ; J A Calhoun, Anderson ; General
J Gillespie, Marlborough ; Col. B F Perry,
Greenville; William T Ellerbe, Marlborough.
The following report was then read :
The committe to whom was referred
the two motions of the last meeting, rela!
tive to stork, report that they have duly ,
considered the same, and recommend that ^
no animal of mature age that has taken (
' a premium at this Society shall a second
l time be presented for exhibition and a- ,
; ward, and in reference to the latter mo!
lion, that an additional premium be offer|
ed hereafter for mules under two years of
age. ' (
James B. Davis,
.Chairman.
On motion of Col. Brook*, it was now (
decided by the Society, what should be l
regarded as mature age, viz :?For Hogs (
two years of age; Cattle, four do.; Hoi- j
sis, five do.; Sheep, three do.; and with l
this amendment, the report was agreed
upon.
The hour appointed for the delivery
of the Anniversar}1, Oration having now (
come, the President's seat was now given (
to General James H. Hammond, who delivered
his Address, very much to the
satisfaction of tae Society and audience.
On motion of R R Carrol,
Resolved, That the thanks of the So- (
ciety he given to Gen. James H Ham- (
mond for his very able and instructive (
Address before this Society, and that n ^
committee of three be appointed to wait
upon him and request a copy for publica- (
tion, and tfct? following were appointed :
?B R Carrol, Dr. Myers, and Mr. Murray.
On motion of Dr. Gibbes, it was then
Resolved, That the Minutes of the
%
3resent session be published, together
vith the constitution and names of the
nembers, and under the same cover with
he oration.
The following resolutions were then
>resenfed by Dr. Davis.
Whereas. American cotton growers
lave been remiss in using means to obvi.
ife the effects of high duties upon Hemp,
Sagging, and other articles, prejudicialy
affecting the cotton grower; and beieving
it not only in our power, but oar
luty to ourselves and our country, to
:ounte*rnct such innovations by a just
tTid laudable policy: Therefore
Resolved, That from comparative cheap,
less it is practicable, and for the purlose
of encouraging American manufacures,
as well r.s most materially increasng,
the consumption of cotton itself?it
s desirable to substitute, and we recomnend
to all growers to substitute cotton
'or baling instead of hempt and hoop iron
)r cotton roping instead of hemp roping.
That we further recommend tho use of
:otlvn for shirting, and foi any other aplarel
for which it is equally suitable, as
veil as any other use in domestic or na;ional
economy.
Resolved, That we will strenuously
mcoura^o all manufacturing establish
nents in America, which will co-operate j
ivith us in tarrying out this policy.
Resolved, That the Corresponding Jecrotary
of this Society be, and he is hereby
directed to remit printed copies of the
ibove resolutions to the agent of each
ind every cotton manufactory in the
United States, as well as the President of
?ach and every Agricultural Society in
he cotton growing region.
These resolutions were at some length
mstained by the mover and carried.
On motion, the Society then a Ijourned,
tine die.
James B. Davis,
Recording Secretary.
iuta bag a and flat turxip seed
ohe pod.
Mr. Holmes :?In a former communi.
iration I promised that I would inform
you of my opinion, and the evidence I
lad, that Rutabaga and English or Flat
:urnip seed would both grow in one pod.
Last year, in the spring, I set out my
oots for seed, as usual. Beets, Carrots,
Qnions, Rutabaga, English turnips &c.
The two last were set near each other,
when they became ripe I carefully gathered
them separately. On the 17th of
last June, I planted the same seed which
[ gathered from the Rutabagas, where no
leed grew hsl year except a few weeds,
riiey came up as usual, about 1-16 part
proved to he Flat turnips, both kinds were
in almost every hill. 1 The tops have re?emhled
both kinds the summer through.
The Flat or English turnip bottoms rejemblethe
Rutabagas, in many respocts.
When convenient I will endeavor to forward
you a sample of some of the roots.
Mr. Holmes, inclosed is two kinds of
Water Melon seeds that grew the summer
jast from the largest sized seeds. The
ma 11 sized seeds when I was a hoy over
?
Fifty years ago* were called the small
sweet mellons. The small kind I have
not planted or raised any for several years
last.
The seeds that I planted last spring
vere not of my raising but were all of the
argest sized seeds. 'I am of opinion that
poth kinds of the melon seeds were planled
and grew near each other the last
pear, similar to the Rutabaga seeds
If you think the above facts are worth
publjuhing in your useful columns they
ire at your disposal.
Y. Turner Nov. 1841.
J. WHITMAN.
REPORT
OF THE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE,
Submitted\By R. W. Roper Chairman,
The Committee on Agriculture, to
O *
whom W38 committed so much of the
Governors's Message, No. 1, as relates
to Agriculture, have had the subject unJer
consideration, and beg leave respectfully
to
REPORT?
That they coincide fully with his Excellency
as to the importance of Agri:ulture
to our State, and consider its improvement
the essential care of the
politician. Wise laws and judicious en?oura??ement,
develope the resources of a
n?
nation. Individual ingenuity sometimes
originates and traces out many useful Imt
nsulted experiments, and whatever their
results, the circulation of them is often
limited. By a combination in societies,
important aids are offered, emulation is
awakened, and information disseminated:
the practical benefits, however, still extend
only to particular sections of country,
Find demonstrate that no alternative but
governmental patronage remains to secure
permanent and extensive advantage.
Success in the cultivation of the earth is
expected to supply most of the wants and
demands of life, and it becomes the policy
of the State to aid in the advancement of
this most valuable of human pursuits,
The wide extent of our country, and
consequent cheapness of land, produces a
migratory spirit among the population of
the State; and after exhausting the soil in
one spot, they roamed to another, subject
to all the privations and expense of removal,
and i:ol un frequently return to the
scenes of early childhood impoverished
and forlorn. This restless propensity,
the result in m?iny|instances of expectau
tion of sudden wealth, more often from
ignerance of the resources around them,
and a proper method of improving their
land, legislative care should check. The
effort will be attended with beneficial consequences
to the State. Every now sp?
periment among the population I have alluded
to. in clearing new fields, destroys
a quantity of valuable timber, i deficiency
of which in many places is beginning to
be seriously felt; and this devastation is
committed white scionce and exporieoen
teach that not the quantity of land planted
but skill in culture, yields largest returns.
Nature, in the economy of her works,
never intended any of her bounties should
be annihilated. What is consumed in
one application, aids in new formation^
and varied and abundant pabulums MS
furnished to reinvigorate and restore *
worn and exhausted soil- The furrowed
fields of Europe attest this truth, and so
beautifully is her system adjusted* that
where deficiency appears fo exist we may
well suspect our own want of observation.
Accident sometimes lends to important
discoveries, and invites to further scrutiny,
but science pursues the blue which a kind
Providence may have presented to unfold
her favors. An enlightened and liberal
Government is the parent to extend this
care, to offer that nurture which will pro*
mote the growth, vigor, and prosperity of
her people. South-Carolina is not wan*
ting in affection to her childien. Her
Executive presses on this Legislature
what is so much needed and your Com*
mittee recommend the adoption of hie
views.
If examples were required to enforce
their utility, your Committee might point
to the efforts of many of our sister, States,
and of foreign nations. Georgia has just
completed a geological and mineralogica!
survey of her ninety counties, and can
now estimate her resources end her
wealth. In Pennsylvania, the discovery
of gypsum has created a revolution in her
agriculture, while her Coal mines bid fair
to make a large portion of the (J. States
tributaries. Massachusetts has expended
large sums in bounties on grain, and geo*
logical and agricultural surveys. Her
lirne now quickens a cold and sterile soil,
which feeds a teeming population, tfnd
offers a surplus for exportation. Maine
by a bounty of ten cents on the production
of every twenty hu*hel& nf wheat,
recently expended ?78,000. Lime with
her has become an article of exportation,
and from three small towns alone an amount
of twelve hundred thousand dol.
lars is realized. New.York is carrying
on an agricultural and geological survey
of that State, and New jersey, Maryland,
Virginia, Michigan, Indiana and North
Carolina, are all examining and develop,
ing their own resources.
In no country in the world more than
England is a fostering care of agriculture
exhibited, both by Government and individuals.
Though that country ia eminently
manufacturing, nay, the great
workshop ot the world, and contains lew
more square miles than South Caroling
she is yet enabled to support twenty.five
millions of inhabitants, and furnishes enormous
governmental resources. In
Scotland, agriculture is conducted exclusively
on scientific principles, and the
farmer applies to the chemist to instruct
him in the peculiar nature of hrs soil, and
stimulants best adapted to its improvement.
Throughout that country, arfd in
England, not only is recourse had for
manure to salt, clay, marl, lime and gypsum,
drawn from their own domestic supply,
but they also import for that purpose
fish, horn shavings, woollen rags, and toman
hones, from the Continent of Europe*
The great Frederick of Prussia made
agriculture his peculiar care, and annually
appropriated a million and a half of
dollars to its advancement. Notwithstanding
the desolations of war, he left at
his death, twelve millions of pounds in
the coffers of the nation. By noglucting.
his policy that country is now tributary
to other nations three millions of pound*
for food. So all important is an attention
to agriculture considered in Europe, that
schools are established under most of the*
Governments of that country, where the
science is not only theoretically but practically
taught.
With these examples at home amf ? head,
can South Carolina remain unconvinced,
uninfluenced ? Will she not awaken
from her apathy ? Will she not
perceive and improve the only meana of
arresting a downfall in her fortunes ? Will
she not contemplate the great odds againr*
which she is contending'?a wide-spread
extent of new country, more fresh and
congenial than her own to the production
of her great staple, alluring away her citizens,
and causing the removal of numbers
of her slaves ? She cannot continue
a competition, and it is time to seek our
own resources, and promulgate them to
our agriculturists; true economy dictate
L .
sucn a course.
Sixteen years ago, an appropriation
was granted by this State, for a Geolog*
ical Survey, and the effort was not with*
| out encouragement; thirty species of
i Minerals were discovered, and ten of
; Rock. Among these, were two species
of iron Ore; also, Marble Limestone, Pyrites,
Gold, and Oil Stones. To renew
that research, might, at this time, be in?
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