Farmers' gazette, and Cheraw advertiser. (Cheraw, S.C.) 1839-1843, December 06, 1839, Image 2
J?
VOLUME I.
EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR
T K R M s :
If paid within throe inoutliH, . - ?3 00
II piij within throo tnonihn after tlio
cIoho of thi yo ir, 3 50
If paid within twelve months uft< r tho
eliiso of the ycir, ...... 4 00
If not paid within that time, ... 5 00
i miuNcrincrg will no entitled to tin
pipor th ? first ynr fur/ire dollars, p ml ut thi
timo of subscribing ; and five now aub.-eriberi
tor ten dollar* paid ut the time of Huh?cribing
Nfo puper to bo discontinued hut it the optiui
of tho editor till arrcurngos are paid.
A Ivortisoincnls not exceeding sixteen lines
inserted for ono dollar tho first time, and lift)
cents, each subsequent insertion.
Persons sending in advertisements are rcqucs
te?. in specify tho ntlinhcr of times t bey ?re to lx
if.so ted; otherwise they will bo continued til
orJored out, and charged accordingly.
O'Tlio Postage icust bo oaid on all coinmu
n eat ions.
Report on the Agricultural Statistics ol
Marlborough District, read before the Pec
Dee Agricultural Society, at its Semi an*
nual meeting, in October lblj'J, by Gen Jno,
McQueen.
The committee appointed bv tin; Society
at its June meeting, to take and report a
statistical neeount of tin; ngi ieul'ura! in'erests
of M nlboro' Dis'riet shite ; that lie*
general indtirerence prevailing with planters,
both as to lie quantity ol Ian I enltivated by
them, mi l rs n-'tt pro In.'.I per ucrn, ren.
tiers it exceedingly dilTicult 16 niftk\i iuch
rnnnrl n 1 i l " -
fir <-unit;ty *nninunpry TO
themselves and d< m?M of s nneerfl&fv Vet
from tue best e.vriions they cou'u,^'?ll us",
ami thy most accurate iiifor'ii:i:ion in their
power, 111 v h< 1 i' vo 'li.it tli" following ma\
be as correct ;is can at any time be made
in the same way, and und'T the same circumstances.
Tli-re was cultivated ;n Corn in lb" yeai
1538, 21,5 J 1 arte*, which \ n Med 2ill,(toil
bust ids ; making an a verier of a few
epiuiU less tluin It) bnslii Is per acre.?
'There w is in cotton l acres, wbidi
yield" d 1 938 link's ; end la tit" nbscu?*e ol
any la Iter ila'a, if we suppose each bale to
eosit on 11 (K) pen: ds o! m ed ?-o!t?>ii it m ili"s
5,1:31,8:K) pounds, and an nvcrige ol 421
p ninds ami a fraction per acre ; or snppos"
120'J pounds of wed co! on :o tli" bale
(wli e't wiiidd o iliapsbea more correct rs
tit. .lie t'H the " t ;?'? id 1,1! b |. S I'll <* '
fruai 300 to J'i.1 j.oMMt's) mill s an v rage
<.t u ;,iai a o! ?'>') po'.it !s per
acre, i i ,'i,l : 11* . 'J * s s 3 Id". .ii,?l
tao ?m,i ot mo j i i f ' 'iL" be
s< s, mules, b.? o.i an i , -m ' 8" IH5.
it WOtlld p.-r'i 111s hai ! i b I, i h"
roiJiintne h id bei n . !? to r pint t ie p
<-iSii namtn'r o1 b "'il s ? j?' -y-d n i i ?> up
the above pioiJu-'lioii ; b a as (be vaiy ot
iii ?roi'!i on p'iint t ions is s<i pre it, from
i ..ii- " i
1 " "H" 11, " ili"vi' "ii |?'M *' > rilIII' l I
annie si rvioe, it won! I '?< impi ?< in ?l?|-- i??
extract !root amongst tlicin, 1 m* i'.\:ici
iMimun! of l.i!>or ; mid ill p-fore
t.i ; ent.io niwnbr of >liv?-.s is minin il.
i li" committee m rr n -t i< 11r?-?I to tak"
an\ account ol's null grain, l?u as th" plant
?:rs have, f : ;'ic last f'.v yours, M?d??nvoreil
mow generally to raiset1 r inn rt air, it
iSflcetl.I'd ..R I 111 || | I" ofltO IIH'OllNl liTlllia* im
portion.'!1 to In ir i??' rest, ;n il soin" a t-m
ti#n is is tlii ri I'ori .. 'I In it. by which s;x
or seven tlui'isai) 1 l)iivlii Is \\? r<? found tn
liavn lieen mode, piuicij) illy on tli?' op lamia
of the 1 >istrr?T, an rising a very satisfar o
ry production to 11|. acre. and making fluin
i (ju.il t?i any Iron) r.nv o'her section.
The lands ?'i'ltivoted in roro and cotton
vary from the bos: low lai ds on tin* river
t- the !i?xl??t st and iru st I'xliinis'i ii sand lulls ;
and i>l conr.sc ymidcd a corresponding production;
t*lit vsa<' in r upon the I??-Ht or mnsl
exhausted i in l? t':o committee have hecn
most decidedly i iipp-scd vvi Ii the whole
some a Ivanttijnv nr.sing from the proerss
? I manuring--i va n wi'h l-civd veg? luh!<
inatti r, wh'i h empi res hut lirle prep iration
'o render i vain d>h , auJ winch abundantly
surr junds ti? Id of almost evi-rv plairer,
<\ .'t'lougn no /,< :; quantity or (Ins manur"
has y t been thi tic District, it it
pleasing to hud that tin; minds of our plant
?ts arc nc.w rapidly. ttini'iig to tins slice
anchor of them agricultural inter st?. nni
to hclii vc that tin- time is not far distan
when Mtouv nids of ncn s of our now nlnios
barren lands, \n I smile with suc!i harves
?ii u nl w?*ll reward dm labou r for Ins toil.
Although \ r,ur eommittcc could wish, fo
the into rest ol our planters, that thosurn re
ported as having b'jun paid for foreign hor
hOPt mules, pork, iVe. were less thijn it it
yet they are sat isfied, had the ucrouni h'-ei
taken a few years ago, it would have beci
eons dcrnhly larger; and that the planter
hnvo now pretty generally ascertained, th
folly of employing all their efforts i:? th
production of any one s'aple ;?wlier
they receive its price in one hand, they ej
tend it with the o'.hcr, to some foreigner, fn
the actual necessaries of their own subsi>
tence, and sucli too, as they might rai?
with tho same, or less labor, than that wit
which they have iri fact procured them.
JOHN MtQUKBN,
Chairman.
1- rc>iii tne llostnn Courier.
yLot:oi:iN(i and n.ouuiis.
Plou^hm?; is considered by ull I'armci
ns the most important agricultural opcraiioi
eiilier as K regards the into crop, c
the: future and pornnnent nnprovmont <
t!?<_ su.i. The Ihrni'T, who so in.mages I;
field, us to produce. in tho main, thugrcn
i s: reward tor the labor and e pense b -i
lowed, will undoubtedly be considered f
noting widi a sounder discretion, tjinn }
ARM
J1 JY DI
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C11ERAV
??wammwtmwmi mbw ninnmnnwii iw
whoso solo ohjoct is ;i presonf crop, wiihoui
. regarding the permanent iinprovemeii' ol
his fields. To deepen the soil.lby bringing
to tlio Murfu^e a each success vo, ploughing,
a portion of the poorer sub-soil, and tie r>by
exposing it to the enriching influence < !
the atmosphere, and to cover up ftti I preserve
from washing ruins, and wasting
ruins,and wasting winds, the light vegetable
? matter upon the surface, as well as :o funli
1 tale the subsequent operations of be bus14
i i ? ? ?
uniiunini, .uc me oiuy important lists ol
, the plough.
Our old fields arc rnp dly approaching lo
ft Blalo of utter stcrlity. At each slice ssivo
r rotation of crops the vegetable mould is !?? coining
tliincr, and the product l? ss ; and
, the plough, in the hands of most farui'rs,
I so far from deepening the soil, nnd increasing
i s powers or producing, is re.illy exhausting
i' of alt its natural P riilitv ; and
( will kooti render it. sis has already been
f done in some parts of our country by tie<
d wi h thick fore^tf^tvdL wh ? would have
seemed mi exlmusjlajk^store of too I 'or VPgievion,
by mean# plljie plough, r..t> ?ed <?'
v< ry p.n lie|e of VMNMfble Bus ?*. at.ee, hi I
now absolutely abandoned by In- occopant
as nor*'.I ss.
Siraii'.m? jis tho nsserMrui itiav s -eat i" *s
! 11ov? r tii l-ss true, 'that?fame-is g-n- mll\
j plough too much. Tttlf Rntin r sub-sol.
' wheh is turned u by the first plotiphin;:.
I .iwi.-wt ,.ri..~< 1* ?
, ?va u> u> lllj; l?? |lt Ujl'III W1 Slirl.II!
i 'I 11.'is liccnmi' enriched by Culture :irnI i
J | ostire io flii? air, is by cross plough ml' iinuiu
!i.i'i |\ turned biii'k againim* rul an I
; ill less be I ; and the lifh -VWj|cti?b|o moid
j m.-'rii ! of being k"|?' l>eiiMttll?r for il)0 bene
; fu iif tin* crop, is, by Ihn inmA process ol
I cross pinny* hmiighl ngain, to the Mir
| io i', .<11 I I.*, ii w ;i v by winds, or i* a oil I
;t * a \ l \ I s.
( lie IIl.i lior III p!o pit , -n't O 1,111J
f ploiig , \vi.i. b :s use 1 Io riii-l ?i*n s,
l ? i* i s.i i I? l.?I? .? i in tie Ii.; sli II in;.ti ]
j ol .M lj < it l i . I I " ' V \V
Io: 'jbs bu' Ii ? .' tl ij; ; o >t i" i<t
1 'r i o i ->i i ! ii ?'. >, i g ''iiiiI is t.i i |
l i i <1 over, lull r<n'i i <n n > >"'
. ..< riot s I'ippod upon car!, oili? r in mi-' a
j hi <n :i r as to pu>ii?i- uni I its si pro- 1
pr . tu?s io waste. T o wrier lias aseei- |
j t ii e i limn ;ii'in:il i xpi rinii n', thai an a- ie
' ol I .iui \ leidnig ti. i more th .it a ton .?! Im\ |
'o the aero, .'ii 11 <* Usual so .* '? i <i| pimig log
greens.-. ,,r hiiv I'"' '* it'b o M o , ''nii'i.no
more tnan welvo ton* of vegetable ill.lie:,
I'onsisl.no ol t e r lots npd III, > o gr iss ,>iel
' nlber vrgel 11. |i - reneniis op <ti I >nr a re. \
Sit- ii a me lio ol p'no . i < . , t i ii. as w ill lie
1 bis e?|eu!:i|e.l to s i ii r t r t * bole Io ol
| 'lie eroji, ! is muss u: em chiug obsl usee,
i li<c fari:ii*r sliooiil no le-si a e to .elo,i'. I' .
, ! Coiiipe|<? |y invt r'tng tin- s a ai I. tin j hi) lug
, I t as (lot and smooth ;<s tie* na'tiro of the
, ground will admit, and itien cultivating the
. crops without (I s'.lll'oill o t(|C'sol. Will the
i appl.tnJion of a light dressing of compost,
, land tnav not only tie k< p: in I a ill", hut won.
d rtu 1!\ improve;!. Witii oil" p'oughii g
ui t as wnv, ate! spreading mi one top dies
, ! sing o' c omjios' manure, of about t.veny
l art loa is to ili aero, an I mixing it finely
( ' xxilli tin* pour c.iilit a: tin* surface, I have
raised ;worr<>ps of grain or mot*. an I I ml
j lie laid to grass. In iIk* ordinary w ay of
I " '
. ? nl ivutuig, littir ploughmgs, as many tunes
, li triortjnp, an?l two dressings ofn? inure, nr
| cons ilcri il necessary. i have i'?cii saved
! three ploughing*., and as tnnny b irrowings,
. oil" dressing ul manure, and at tlic sain"
, ! time have deepened, and permam n ly ini
, ! proved th" soil, and more tlian doubl< d iny
i crops. Ten yars ago, 1 was upon llio
] i point of ubaiidouing sou," of inv old fields
I 1 in d> spair. Tin y bad b"en ? nI ua ml in
I die usual mode of ploughing and eroppuig,
a'l?*ina'clv under the plough, and in grass,
i and lind become so impoverished, that the
r products were iiisuflicient to cover the ex.
j pense of cultivation. The same piece c>(
. land, which gave nie one ton of hay, will
i, now, at the same distance of time afiei i;tvn
mfi gr;"*8. give me three,
a lnihecul ivution of laud, which has been
g a year or more under llio plough, nearly
t> j th" same cours" is to he pursued, especially
c wlv n it is intended to sow wheat or rye,
I -.1 1- il
> i l"""n" >our i-?nu so as id turn uud- r 11
t. | r i?*ti inoulil, bring lo 111" surface a portion ol
>r die fresh carili ilint has never bclore be? n
,1 disturbed by ihi; ploug h and mix this well,
!> (tf thu proceeding crops h ive not been w> II
ti 1 manured) vv ill a l.ghl dressing of well rotted
compost, and from twenty to fifty hushels
of slaked liine to ibe acre, and I am con.
ft lent you udl n< v -r require a Logislativ
bounty, ns nn inducement to cu ovate ulce,
Gum! ploughing cannot lu? ? tier ed villi.
out ploughs suitably ii(la?|?t?*<I to 'li<- pur ,
s In tins nil important agricultural iinplmiieut,
1 venture tbo nssrrtio>, witlio ?' fe ir of con
>r 'radiation,, that the Americans have m ul?
>'! gr-at? r, an<l mop' usciul improvcnvii's u
s its <i'l 11 iioii iiiJ filni -s lor h*' il'^ 'Mii .|
?
I* ! purposf, wiiitin th? l ist t.vruty uurs :hni
s* li.ivr Iro'n made ill (ire-it Britain lor a ecu
is mr). From a couvi. i mi of t1 -c oulisp n
ic siblc necessity of goo'J ploughing 10 a sue
\
1
jDftft'
7 II E R ? I
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/, SOUTH-CAROLINA, FJ
I c> ssrul t I!Ih*5o, n<*itr two'} y?-nr-4 njjo I p?>r-1
f su nl?"J ;li?t |MTi4<>Mf who o ??*I ihc firm ;
; I n >w own. lo mmi<I to Kuiilaii'J for nn i o I
l?rov?-(J Sniilnii ithmvli. ' I flunk Sm:ill\I
. I ----- \- - ? -/
which w ,s Inghlv ri'i iiiiiint'iKii <1 hi the "'grirul
ur.il puhl caliii s of 11< it time. This
whs b lnfi' thi* iiilrodocl on of I;i?* cast iro
ploug i in*.i tins |>a t ol llf country. The
plough cmnc. and I o.ust con ? ss I ?iin
a real y tisto iisli'ilat tin /i < s sight ol it. nod
us much disappointed when I wi i.i ss ! i s
gieat operations. A * uge, mishapl'1 n
cominiiution ? f wood and iron, it \v is tli
laughing stock o'" mv m i^litmrs. xv'io a'
once denounced ine as a bonk firmer."
The plough was tod aside, and li as been j
kejit for show, and in construction and j
wutkniaiiship, when compart d with \ineri-|
can ploughs, turniaheH a s riking illustratuft
of the supii.orsk.il nn I ingenuity of our
ou ii meeiianiea, over ol loose ol Morope. |
! can no?v do twice is much work, and d i
infinite'j Ixitter, with I'routy At Mears' nil- '
proved plough, with one horse, m l a single j
' tun d, (Him a yoke ol oxen and a horse, ami
iii
one mid in),i it hand to drive, could do with
the r.nmaiH S<ott li plough.
Public atten ion was first awakerrd to
(lie suhjeet of iinprovemetrs upon the o! J
lashioiit tl, wedge-like plough, In the wr.-.
nigs of Mi. J- 111,son, who m 17'J8. puh.
I is I a tl lis new t icory of the ctinstruciioti of
t a- nioi.l I hoard, limned upon mathematical
ni.d |i I'o-tipli.t* il | >iin? iple.s. It was in!
: eto.setpi'an e, ol .1 suggestion from Inn, tint !
| Kobi-U Soi 'i, o, I' tinsg K aniii. in l-lKh
i sulisti uteil the cast iron lor the woo Ion
iiiouj l hoard, for which he ohni ed a put.
Cllt. ' ft l: < ?. - "
- vuiimii iKfiiicni 01 a
I scn.-s n| i in J ii < i vi in -lit >, wt-icli have resulted
j in I lit* s ihstn 11 ion ol ens' Iron On ust pari* '
J t*f lit' plough, I'Xt* | I ill" b> miii an J liu.d!
I' s? ml sin It lias l>? I'll tilt- progress in re- '
| ijjaino | (s in.jti(.>in"iit to a li n* ss for the
I I'n ji..li s'ipn-'l, |i it tin* American cast
j i ni | I->11 _It. a^ now construerd. may in
I trirli bo c i;s .1 ii'il, as it lias b> en dt'iioinin.
iitf l, t!n nM>t important instrument known
' > in .ii. Alioti li loon \e.irs since ill'-fast
ron sli.itt' ranic u;"o general list* in tins :
i |i nt o! tin* country. ?Vuod\s Tyce'tt. 11 i|i-Ii.
I link's, I lo ward's ami last of nil I'rmi'y <V
j .M ar's, have each h f'their s inn-o1 public
| lavnr, I li i*i* p'ulicu! nly iit'endcd irj Ilia |
I opi laiioiiol .in ;tiesi*, and noticed iho dc- ,
I It.* ts uii'l i-M*filiMi?*it-s of each. About ! ,
1 ? ai y- ?rs ago, I liti-ln o k's |il. njjli, tlvn I
| n : in-i it i s- . a '! b t! l> Hp > . .1 ?.y :|n
I I I. n i I s ol N i**\ \ a , * as til i - ,| *?m| ioil
i , S I . M r l'io at v . t\ no w ? .1 a*.
I : .a " , i.i I < ii os<-, in ?> J .!?
it 'no |tl llgh. II x ,i .
i | V oi i 11 skI ,
ti CI t .. till..', S jjg' !? >J to 111 t I ISO' S
i a!.' i 'i a -iin mi>.ir- "in its
i.i h i ii^'i, ant ii'niii: I lit . hi t x u?-? ,
I'mi i'i vV M- ar's o'it nidi ln-in 'ic gov ii
| n.i-ii*. a p i n; |.?. ill t " iinpiovc 1 c;?s .i.u i
I I r |?r? s a li a ilfi'-iil v *? lb sil j ' ajglis,
j it all lln- I'SO |l'ioll ol I! r I .s t am i
! lint 'ir- I'nif m i l- s ii V HI I ?' ill'. light, IS
! i,m j Ii <i dir i' iv 'o t'ii- relit"* of r- sist
! ai:.-r, Wm.-is mi lii* s ibj-'i-t, as we'l ,iS
pi i'- i<- <i I i1 iin fs, liavi- i'ii*'l iii lli <r in ii ion,
li.at 'no li".i.n s'io.iI I In* pl.n-? il dime ly ,
o\ rial i.d s d?- ol plougn and mat til ' i
! rut i*. 'li co d t-r, or tIi** pusilion ol In*
i > and .r<I. should tn- squ tro, or at a rgut an*
g.i s a ..Ii b cu; ol In* share, dunking lha: j,
j -I tin share and roulier in ike an acute nni
git- on t.a land *idu, 'lie plough will incim ; j
! to fall it) b?- right. 'I'll s would b?* llietcn
tit*i i *', in.I ss tlic other par's ol tin- pi ugh
' art s i oust:tinted as to rests! and <?v'-r> nine
tins inclination, lly so pi icing the ci.ulu-r j
i as to form an at-a e angle vvilli Imt plane of
llit- s!i i|i?, on the land side, the leant is
' brought more directly over the c litre of
i the p otigli, as is i nt ca>e in h l'routy xv
M car's improved plough, uid therehy the
power ti a ss iry 'o nio*c .i, i-* applied nv.r
dirt.-t lly to i n* ccatre t,l resis ance, and the
; for *e r< quire.! to move it, and ovurCumtt
i >1 S T' S >t.l.K.V, IS of C'ltUSi- l< ss tli l!1 uhl'n1
;i|>j?'i. <1 on one s ilc. 1 cannot lienor mi ko
J my self undersloo I, than by supposing ilie i
| land, or lolt hand side of a harrow, to bo
i kept on a ittrnght lino with the line of
ilrmi^li . It will ru..d ly bo [vrreived that ;
the |tnce necessary to draw it when so pi i j
? e I, w ill no {? e.i|er than if dra w u in i>m ;
j usual way, by apply my the draught ?o th?
! centre. This is dccnloly one of the must
I valuable improvements in lite construction
j of lie plough, hat has been mud?*m modern
j tunes, and lor whioli the public are indebted
I to the ingenuity and skill ol Messrs. Pronty
?V M .us. A {jrea'er e:;ae of drunah'is not
tie' only advance remitting from ties improvement!.
Another and perhaps grea er
benefit to its perfect ndap'ion to the end de.
signed is hy leaving the g.oun i in the host
posK h!e, condemn. Fuo aen e an lo, :
whioli is made in '.he land side of the fur- I
row shoe, by the peeuli r construction ol
lies pI<lUjjh, enabled ijuj ploughman to l:i\ j
, iSus liurt?v%s mycilnr, Lk? |i n?.i*r'
hoard*. This, hi ifreonsw?r , is vers <! s ;
i ruble, as ill? jjiass is tiierr'ny prevented j
Ik mi) sprinyii)}; up t t w en the turrow slice* j
111ncIt mom * ti dually, ban wm n tl.? luf. '
rows are cut at righi mi Irs. The nr.iss is
completely shut in, and wiiljiot r pen o in- ,
(lire die crop, or increase (tit* labor ol cultivation.
No! (till\ hi j?rri*nsw:iril, lio in old
, ground, tho HUpct :oi maimer in wliicn (ho i
work is iluiie by tin* plough is v< r\ porcop.
libit*. There miio tendency lo croud |t<u
i ground iii <? ridges : !ic soil is i .k n up, .it
| ,t \vt iv, h i'1 turned over, .iii'i j '11 |oO\", hud
i 111 ilit* l> St s ute lo derive v-ege able aliment
. ; 'mm lie air, umi to ? n ?bj,. ihu urn's ol
. Lpl oits lo penetrate, (ual Mi.iiO dotfll III
. J scuicli ol loud.
?A i
m in mi
HID AY EVENING, DEC E
aui?i?i?uiw' wm .l t iiiBJiMwmww
I Another ndvnntngc at ending tli?* prruli ?r
cm struclion of Mi ssrs. I'rou'y A: M"?rs
I plough, is it*dumb lily. When the r?\sis'anro
is all upon on? sale of the beam,
must lie a constant tendency of the pl<?tit; i
toilflclt or I hi ! side : t'u> It i. t on is her
by increased in this part, and the weir, of
cour-c, is great r ; tm* when the beam is
placed moreover the centre of he p'ougli, j
i el Pie resis once w h'Hi i '.as to eneounter,
is upon both side* of the beam, i s movent' lit '
i* more regular, and the friction eqn d in nil ;
p r<*. T ?? so are sum" of the peculiar i
properties of this plough, which give it a de- i
cid d pr? fcreti' O to any ti'le r now in use. j
O.i confertng ? itii some oj in\ ne gliiior*.1
relative to die work of 1'iouty ?Sr Mear>'
plough, i; is behoved, that in ploughing u
held of ten acres, the tin ount of labor saved,
added to the amount gainc I in rouse,
(pe nee o* lie improved ?j|ib, when compared
wi'lt the work of any oih t plough, islu'ly !
equal to t!ic price paid for it.
E l\ !
Lexington, M is<j.
from the INew England Fanner.
BUHYINli ill Ks IN WINTER.
Oar las' swarm came ntl at Jc.no, an 1
notwithstanding tin- old id igelli i "a ?* aim
ai Jump is not worth a spoon" we s oul?I r? - j
luse an oil it of two spoons lor this, and !
mop', unless they were v ry nice nnd very t
Iptivv. True, tt e qu;m it\ ot honey which j
lliev have gathered is not very great, but,
with our way of niaiingmg such loves, we ;
think nm|dy suili-ient for tlieir s pp'v. We j
pvopns burying h' ill through I c w inter, a
pracnco w inch we iiave a top e.l in two successive
years, and had we continued it tie- j
bird, nur old eolonv. instead ol com'iig 'o
oil it ill nit* l> - nJ, wuul I |.">ltih|v have been
in ex stenee now through its dcvcndnnts. |
My method ofburving l?ee> i-. as follows.
Pile operaiion is p? i formed tne I.is id No- ,
vemlier. 'I'lie p t in which ihcv nr>- piai ed ,
la dug eonsidei ah|v l.i l'it titan lie ' vi s, in
every respect. Oa tne l?o om id tin* pit
two sticks say o! spautl ng, tour inch s
sipi ire, ar" s<? placed riat a cavity ina\ lc J
I' it in o w '.ticlt the water it there is nv n '?>
set tic and run oir w ittioat injury to the be-s.
t)o those nidi Us 1 I ' V inv fl'.or en ir?' w i.ch '
sl.oulJ be souihl and n I .an ui?!i tack ; if .
more, no matter. The top of :1c hive shoulJ
he covered wi h a two inch pi anU, or I oiop i
c#n\einent, a piece ul wide th.ck slab wi h !
the rounding side up, so t' at it tie' trust J
<?m s out at d heavy rains fall, it iii iy '
s v s 11 n ti i c irry the w ,f? r li om i 'Ver j
e itis i. i tie it n i.i o the p.: hi low.? ,
S'r ?w i% i ? it p! ii-e i -? c"iii|>a"iN as ni?\ )
.? ' -i,i ilih l-ie h . e, lid lie ? .1 til till liWil Oil !
k .so tin in a ? < i<- all iVe it. w hit"
a. .in aper 'es as a roo. a> urn tin oat' .
is i' lalls, NV 'in r g to to tne d? p'h of har1
ing w*: can uily . . t i . mi o -i r (
i-xp? runenlM. we n< \. r sink t u top ot lae i
hive lieio.v tic suit ce. NN liether it wa.u! I :
he well to do so we cannot say. Some,
w leu buryino iheir hei s, drive do w n a s'ake
near ttie Inv?*, 'in they Mi?\ to aitim the air ;
Imi w" do not sia* wi.y a stake, drove with
lie earth cotnpu-tlv phc'd around it, ecu i
form nil air :inlo more tarn tic eartn its> If.
A d li it eoul'l, we do ihi' see tlie 11' t:t unity '
a! i', lor tic object >. 'mryiug heps is to pti*
t'e in as much is m . he in a sa n of dor- i
iiiancy luon^h he waiter, by winch their
stock of pi ov igiooM is lengthened out, to scci.ro
them h um s ijden ai d often fatal chan. i
ges from heat and coiJ and from storms
and sunshine.
In s Iccting a place lor burying. it is im. 1
pmtant that a dry one slioul I he chosen, and
wf |?rt fei one lunt is col.I to a warm one, ,
. it I could Wo rej.Mil ito the roruli ion of :lit*
i artli around tin-in, wo would fruezo it the
night after tin ir buii.il, and kerp it frozen ,
until tone lor their exhumation in the
s;ring.
W in both insMiicrs of our former bury. |
iiig, tool, tilt-in np s-.me ol the last days -f !
Mirch, and ail In* lead we found from the
four loves thus kept would not h dl till a per- |
son's hand, and on exposure to the sun and
atmosphere, the hv.no were as bright and
lively as though they had known no w inter, i
a ml they ?nvo sw rins earlier nrul more |
ircqnen.lv than did die Inves that were not
buried, the ensuing summer.
K-oiii ilio C'liarlrkton Courier.
Ml.s-.Rs. ? It not miludinji on
your co!ueins, tin to having iiriiH* may no
be altogether unprili .b!e ; paitieolarly at
this season of tin; year, when planters hod
ion $iitl experience, that a change of over?m*i
t m iir> n.iliv iiitlmniiiiCitilr l.?r ll*.? !.
regulation an i successful man igrmcnt of ,
c?? ir agricultural interest*. Prrmi: inn tlioi '
to make n f> v? remarks on the
H'AUFICATIONS AND IUJTIKS oF oVF.KSEF.RS,
tiit pluiiters iim) escape t e ion fr?\.
T'lt'iit imposition o! loose ni,-n, who are J- s. |
i ulc Mi every respect ?>l those qualities ot.
vIii< Ji ill., successful mi I pr>p? r manage.. '
ru nt ul tlio planter's interest entire'^ tic- i
r-n<i.
1st. "Exprrwncm doc#?t is a tru'h to
ndnrh every man of bus.ness mil ly
tl\, nu 1 I know of no business f at do- I
nar.ds more of (bis ingredient tha i the
I us' moss tb-vulv nc on tie- Overs rr ; and |
vlnlo export- nee 111 <y josh in<Mudo every ;
v. Ir*r q i.ibfic a i<>n, y?*t human u.itur* te.ieh
r.H tliMt tie re arc such characters in tbo |
world as kn><w a grout deal Inil do nothing?
to snob r nr. '"tola t' Apostiu Joins may
Inivo alluded \\Jv n li said, that
knowt/h to do good and docth it no', to
to 111 11 It i* Sit..'
2nd. Tbo Ov rseer should lie a man (to
UiO tbo lan.'UJa" of Salomon) tll.lt Oftli "dlS
orn both time and judgnvnt," not only how
i to do, but irhcn, as a considerable und im
KET1
T I Z E R.
1IVIBER G, 1S39.
portnnt end may be Hc<*omplished by ibis
knowledge, which may have given origin
I ?? tln? well-known maxim, *4A stiiub in
j time. saves w/iir."
3 1. Aii Overseer should understand Irs
! business in surh a manner, thai be may b?*
I nble to havo Ins arrangements well ahead,
that lie may the better embrace any advantage
that may present its?*!l in the execu ing
Of t.lO
4th. Tne Overseer should s'udy the
na u e and disposiion of Ins employer, and
as f ir as in his power, (cnnsis'i lit wi It what
is right and just) a'-qmrife in al! Ms orders
and leqn s's; and should lite I'enployer
e\f?-nd an ord< r contrary '? his inn-rest or
in any way confuse the arrangement of
plant -turn woik. i' should b- poiu cd out to
the Employer hy the Orrrverr, and if th?
ICmp'owM st/tl wishes Ins orders carried
into exeru ion, it is the du'y of the Overseer
u> on- v. an I nolo II.e sunn: on lit* plunta.
I on day book.
3 h. The Overseer should endeavor to
find ont 'b* nbi/itj/, ehnr.ieter nnd dspokfjion
of di" people under Ins charg", so that hp
in 'J apportion lis work to ?li?-ir several
s?h 1 s. y?*t w itiioiit any npp r nt or visible
il stnirtion, and as- regards their character
In* will scarcely meet any difficulty.
CitIt, Tni' Ovi-rserr kiioii d Imvn n tolerable
know I alge of physic, that he may be
ib!" to ibiuiiist t medicim property, when
sicklies* d tnaiidv. and for this knowledge
every Overseer should be in posses-ion of
"l\w? li's Mcdi-id Companion," by the fro.
'pient perusal of which he will find great
goo I resulting from litt'.e knowledge?or in
other words, a I tic knowledge ol'medicine
id i\ wonders a turns. A day journal
should c rt i111v he kef t.
Till. l< .o t.iyi,|j d' sir ible that an Over
s' er sho d I ' live soiu" knowledge of .lur^i rr/.
that le* may be able wall safety to open
i v? in, e.vruci u tooth, or bandage a broken
i ml).
8tn. An Overseer should be a humane
man. roue ndn r the injunction of our
Lord, "He y merciful,'* at the s.me time
wrho.it pirniiitv. "Tint sovuit whicl.
kno.se b les iimsii r's 'will and do* th it not.
sh.ili be with many stripes,'' and
that servant which did not know it shall
have a ft w. ( hat is, if we have n right lo be.
b vi tic bad an oppor uni'y of kno a ing the
do v imposed.)
9h. An overseer should have some
knowledge of C irrienter's work, for every
< xp nicne d Dvoei r wall ' - st?Iy with me
thai the s t of "blue clo'hs ' are the almost
sole idiers on every plantation and w here
t k y a-e not urid* r the Control of ionic posi i'.
s'i??t;et* n lent, n year's w ork has been
i )de nt . a i ,-ee mon'ii's job.
l'hlc To conclude, sn Overseer should
? .i -?> it, i.ii.iss-, iuuiis:r-ou8, humane nnd
knowing mini, a man of ?ruth and a man
;hat I'oan tli Ins Cieasor.*' Such a man I
rceomnvnd without any lu s tritiun to every
i'l niti r w ho may w ibli order, ui*cijilii.e and
-h'i.iriJin ition, tli-i only way to the successI
.1 in.may. m? ui of ill* agricultural interest.
AN OVERSKER.
AOIMCIMJ UAL CONVENTION.
Tin* folIoA inp lis! of delegates we copy
from the Cn.nmhia IVh-scojic.
From Murfl orough.fames
(jillespic, John McQueen,
I* Ijilcrbt1,
Clicsterfu Id
Thomas K Powe, J \V light,
Miincn
Thomas K.ans, B Moody,
U\IV......
Edgefield.
W Brooks A P Bailor,
J in< s Terry, J O Nicholson,
Darlington.
Thomas I*'. MHver, Thomas P Lido,
W II Cannon, sr. J I' Krvin,
\V Wuigutu
Fair fir Id
J J rr?, J II D ivis,
\V K D.ivis, J II M ans,
K hvurd Moans, I) Klkm
Chester
T W Moore, J I) Craw ford
Rich/and.
I* II I'Vnioro, Rubor: W C?.hb'*s,
Junu s Go-gg. Rotx-rt llonry,
Sumter,
John P Kh-haidson, J unos B Richards n,
D Si P Doll.iso, Thomas J Wilder,
Line Lu or. .1 W Lnjhsh,
Anderson an I Vickriu,
J \V Noi is, J P R mI.
.1 N Garvin. Jossi M Kinney,
Thomas Pincknoy,
Spartanl'Urgh,
II 11 T':oni|>S' a, John Crawford,
John W I loin, Samuel N Cvuos,
NN in K Pool.-,
Orange and St. Matthews,
Jolin M l'? Ider, S Glover.
S B 1) Aiglit, Juro'? fci umman,
Khs'ia Tyler, . D F Jamison,
Jjancaster,
Benjamin Musscy, J I'Crockett,
M Clinton, Jo!in M Buskin,
in ItcuJ,
Abbeville,
J?>hn A Callioun, 1' F Moragnc,
A l{ Arnold, James Fair,
1) L Ward aw, (r?-orge M'DofFio,
Newberry,
^ Simeon Fair.
Greenville,
U.innistrr
Ibirnwcll.
| C i:ir!? ? It Carroll, J II llunnnoinf,
W S It vii<.II", \V (J. I more Sims,
J iiiies 1) Fi Win
Lexington.
( J A Addison, L Fou,
%
. ^
PE
?4
ljmi hi !!! iii
NUMBER 4.
, J C Geigrr, W F Percival.
J L BoII J Cauahmon.
S'. 1'hil/ip's and St. Michaels.
F I) Q iash, W Washington.
Si. John's Herkely. .
John II Dawnni, P P Palmer.
St. Andrew's,
| W Lnwon, H It Carrol!.
! Win J Hull.
St. John's CoffctJn.
j W M Murray J Jenkins MicUlc,
St. Helen* Island.
! J A Seo'.t.
1'rinre I Villi art's.
John E Frnmpti'n.
J'rtnce George IVinyaw.
It F W A lis 'jo.
All faints
B F Dunltin.
The comiiilt'e'.! of fifteen, to prepare businc.ss
for the Convention we n*, B R Carj
roll W T Ellerbe. Tho*. Evans, W II
C tnnon, J?k. B Davis, J Org g, \V Reynolds.
J P F!irh:ir<ta.ir.. A R Afnf.M T U
i Hammond, F D Quush, J A Scett, 13 F
| Dunhin, W Hro'ik", and F Maswy.
On the sc. on J evening of the meeting
following ndJitio.ial delegates were present.
: From Fairfield.?W J. Ais'on, John *
! M. Robertson, I3;irr? 1 13. Cook.
/'Vow Sumter.? lion. J. S. Richardson.
! From Anderson.?J. 13. Reed, J. K.
; Calhoun.
From Richland.?R.I!. CJoouwyn, D.
I) Fcr.h-y.
From Edgefield. ? M. Watson.
From Lexington.?11. Ariliur.
From Union.? /. P. Ilerndon.
Fm. i T'rince Ctc*r?e. Wimjaw.?Thos.
; G. C If,
The President folk tl for the Report of
Mm (Yinmitte of n. wh?-n the Chuirtnan.
it. It. Cjrro4!. F.^o snbmitted Jlio following
KKPOlir.
Tii'1 Coir.mtfee appointed to prepare btisi.
j rtrss for the A gricul.iiral Convention, beg
I iuavc r <pectf; l*y to repor': That after nri
enquiry n wlid'h t' c a* n'intents of tho difTrri'iif
seniors of our Stat? have been confcidted.
they are of opinion tlint tlie follow,
ing still j* (tsnre lit and proper for the consi*
deration <>fconvention, viz :
1. The cr- a ion by ihe L'-ginlatum, of
an Agriruliur.il professorship in the Sooth
C?roliit'? Co.It go.
: 2. Ti.e appropriation by the L^gisln'
U, r. " - - J-r
, ... . . ? iiium j iu ueiray Uiw expenc*
s j1 ii (.i-olrgicul and Agricultural
Survey of tlio State.
3. The establishment ofan Agricultural J
SHhw id so nil.' central and healthy poo.tioB <j>
of the State. f
4 The establishment of a Stat" Hoard I
' of ! > moot at Columbia or
i soiiR'vt here tlse in the Stale.
! 5. The introduction into our free
t gchoools of some elementary work on A fin*
' cul urc.
Iii li t iiing their recommendation to the
prnpovj ions ulhid> d to, the committee have
<h>n?* s.) with the v ow of not crowding upon
the conevnt on the cons deration of too
' many to ics of abounding interest. They
j believe that the fault of our Agricultural
I meet nps h ts h< rctofore been, that theytoave
attempted too much, nnd done too little.
Moping, therefore, that they have selected
; such mutters n* will interest the convention.
ili? y beg to he discharged from tl?e further i
| consideration of the subject."
Trie Report havintr been laid before ih?
I Convention for discussion, Charles R. CarI
roll, Esq., ad .'reused the Chair in support of
j us recommendation?. Me was followed hy j
I J.lines II. I i immond, Esq., in opposition, '
John A. Calhoun, E-q., and B. R Carroll,
i Esq., spoke in reply to Col. Mnmmoned.
It. U. C.irrol, Esq., moved to consider
i the propositions of the report separately, nr.d
I to ndd to the fir??t and second prnposit;ons,
1 die words, * and that the s;im? be recom'
mended to the Legislature ; so tliat they
: would reml as follows :
1. The creation, by the Legislature, of
! ?n Agricultural Professorship in the South
; Carolina College, and that the same be re.
' comnv'iided to be Legsla'ure.
2. The nppropria ion, by the Lcgisln.
I 'urn of u sum of money to defray the expenses
of n Geological and Agricultural
survey of the State, and that the name be
recommend* d to the Legislature,
Col. Mammon I rnov-d to lay the first
I proposition on the tabic, wi.ich wo? ngrocd
j io.?He toen moved to lay the tecond pro|
pusiCoti o>. (lie tahle, which w.19 rejected.
1 The A v< s not being sa isfied, the votes were
j t tke.-i y tellers, when it was found that thero
; *eretn Ayes and J>7 Noes. So the ?ec:
ond proposition was before the meeting.
M. II. Thomson, Esq. moved,
1 41 That upon hat proposition, there should
I ho a division' of the question, and thut the
* vote s.iould be taken on the propriety of ro
; commending a Geological survey apart from
Ian A "R cultural survey*'
Thin mo ion was und?*r discussion, when
: it was moved l>y l>r. Arnold, thnt the ConI
vontioo do now adjourn, to meet oo to morrow
cvmrng nt 51 2 o'clock.
The* Convention then ndjourncd, .1
ROBERT. W. GIBBER.
Scc'i;. M
Wednesday. Nov. 27, J
i The Conven'ion was orgauir.ed nt tho
i hour appointed. Tnc minutes of tl?e prcv- f]
: iotiR meeting were r< ad. J
i Ttv- President stated that the Convention j
I wits preptred for business, and that the sub- j
j ject for their consideration w?? tha proprie'.y
of recommending to tit# Iiflgislattirn
s Geological survey apart from an Agriculture!
survey of tho State."
? Gen. McDuffie addressed the ContenticD
j