The Camden weekly journal. [volume] (Camden, South-Carolina) 1853-1861, July 05, 1853, Image 1
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VOLUME 14 CAMDEN, SOUTH-CAROLINA TUESDAY MORNING JULY 5, 1853. . NUMBER 27.
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^lisffllanrons.
From WhitaJcer's Magazine.
Lights and Shadows of Slavery.
"Light were the tasks enjoined him by his lord,
To hold the stirrip, or to bear the sworn.
"Liberty," said Miss Marion, "is a much-nbtis
cd name, and stands as a watchword for even
new scheme, and engenders much evil. The dis
cussion of slavery is clothed with malignant zea
by some of our northern brethren ; I do not con
demn them generally; I have good authority fo
not doing so; but there are some, who, undei
the guise of philanthropy for our slaves, seek tt
destroy the good feeling and confidence now sub
sitting between them and their owners. Wit I
the exception of the tie of consanguinity, there i;
none stropger than that which exists betweei
the master and bis slave. Is it not natural tha
we should love our own ] Do we not love ant
1 *' ?u ?' " > <!c (i-if tnmwirf ;i?<
cnensu uioso hiiu I'jun u|' iv/ vi./ -j |
" protection ? Should ignorance be a barrier t(
our kindly feelings ? It is the prerogative off
noble mind to commiserate at d supportthe help
less! Slavery has a tendency to soften, noi
brutalize, the master.'"
UI believe slavery an evil entailed upon slave
holders," said Dr. Charlton quietly. '"I do uoi
envy their position, in the moral vi-w I take <it:
I came here from my ''Emerald Die," predis
posed to look upon the shadows of slavery, be
, lieving there were uo lights to cjiecw the pie
tare."
"If, in your sojourn in the northern cities, yoi
allowed your judgment to be warped by th<>s(
who arc entirely ignorant of our institutions an
conduct towards oifr slaves," continued hi> fail
antagonist, "I trust that while you remain wit!
us, you will be satisfied that slavery is peculiarly
adapted to the capacity aud temperament of tin
negro race. There is 110 plan the abolitionist'
can devise, to counteract the laws of their Ma
ker."
"I do not understand, yon, Miss Florence,'
said the doctor. "You would not, in your zeal
for the cause, ascribe to Deity any command U
enslave or degrade his subjects
"Here," said she, "is a work on antiquities: ii
speaks of the sons of Noah : Shorn was copper
colored, the C"lor of the autedeluvians; Man
-was black, and Japhetii was white. Noah curs
ed his son Hum? lie r?>okc*i upon mm in m> infancy
with disgust and contempt; he denounce*
him, and declared that all his descendants sliouk
be servants forever. Japheth was white, In
? clasped his hands with delight on perceiving tin
purity of his complexion : 'lie shall he bles.se*
r and multiply, he and his generation forever.' Cat
you affirm that Deity did not sanction this eurs<
on Ham ? Slavery is not confined to our coun
try. The Africans brought to us were chieth
i elaves in their own country ; thev onlv change*
masters. God works by mysteries; how knov
we, but that this very traffic was ordered bv hin
i to civilize this degraded race ?"
"It were a mercy to annihilate the race a
once, rather than pay such a price for civilizn
tion.'*
"I am not an advocate for cruelty,"' continue*
Floreuee; ''the boon of life is not a curse, as re
fined philosophy would make it; and as equalit;
can never be enforced, association is the dcrtuc,
resort to elevate slavery J by this means thcslavi
will emerge from savage life, and, although ii
bondage, from which he can never ex trie: it
himself, his condition will he morally benefitted.
"Very plausible, Miss Marion. Your reason
and experiment would have little effect tipoi
modern reformers. They consider, according ti
your declaration of independence, that all met
| are 'bora free and equal ' "
I "All nations do not labor under a curse; bo
j sides, with deep reverence I say it, in expressing
my opinion contrary to that invaluable docti
ment, all men arc dependant beings from thci
infancy up to manhood. However elevated ii
the scale of human existence they may be, then
are none who can look down with indiifqrenci
upon the state below. 'From necessity tlier
must be an infinite variety of conditions an<
employments, from the most eminent and iutel
lectual, to the most servile and laborious. Mj
experiment will be found to stand pre eminent
when that of colonization shall have failed."
"You are too sanguine. Freedom is an in
spiriting feeling, and your slaves, once free, migli
not exhibit that rooted aversion to labor ant
learning which you award them."
"It is physically impos ible," said Florence
"and if you were not bigoted in your belief, vol
might give me a phrenological deliiua ion o
i their character, to substantiate my argument."
j "Really," Miss Marion, "you are too cruel t<
* ?< . 1 .
cause me to commit rnyseu in mis maimer,
shall have to brush up my erudition to pleas<
you. It were a scandal upon a Milesian t<> <le
ny the request of a lady, so'I'll e'en make tin
best of it:' His lips are thick and pouting, hi:
muscles large and full, his jaws large and pro
jecting, his chin retreating, iiis for-head low, fla
and slanting, and, as a consequence of this kit
ter feature, his eye-balls are very prominent, ap
parently larger than those of the white man
1 l"?'-l? fnn'111-n i> liic lo 1.7.
I I iie tllOSl reiimi n.n/iv ^
proboscis; it is disagreeably flat,ami, b-ingven
large, distends his uostrils. All of theso"p<Cii
Jiaritios contribute to reduce his facial angle a|
most to a level with the brute. If, tlir-n, it i:
r consistent with science to believe that the mim
will be great in proportion to the m/.<; and figui-i
of the bran, it is equally reasonable to suppo*that
the acknowledged meanness of tie- negro'
intellect coincides with the shape of his head
Will this description free me from further perse
cution ?"
"Admirable," said Florence, laughing. "I di
not despair of converting you to r y v \e o
| slavery; and, now I think of it, you shall witness
i the punishment of my maid, Anecn, who has sr
: committed a theft; and my brother is to make u
j an example of her this evening, immediately af In
d i ter supper. So yon must not plead a prior en- si
d j gagoment; your patients will not suffer for one lii
!" evening's absence." T
'j ! "I really could not stay to witness any corpo di
a : real punishment; habit may have inured you to tl
i- | the propriety and necessity of such things; but o1
' i really, Miss Marion," continued the doctor, cold- in
s, ly, "I couid not, without interference, remain, ol
(j : and I have uo'right to intercede."
e "The good nnd safety of society require that tl
slaves should he forced to obey the laws of their
owners. Our learned Judge O'Neal! says: 'Obe- ti
' dience is a first principle,' and it is a duty that cl
parents should enjoin and enforce upon their cliil- hi
| dren. A slave is in bondage; is he therefore to pi
: be exempted from punishment ?" T
"It is not according to the rules of wisdom to se
domineer over the ignorant. According to your in
own assertion you are desirous to commiserate si
j the helpless. Punishment closes the heart to tr
. all tenderness, and produces a greater desire to e:
commit evil." fu
"The child, because of correction, docs not ri
] cease to love his parent, neither is the brute es- ol
. tranged from its master." pi
r "1 am afraid, dear Miss Marion, that your 'lau- in
rels will turn to weeds.' I would not witness, <<!
) willingly, tlie want of tenderness and compos- fr
. sion from one I so liiglily liave considered." 'v
, Chariton paused?he was troubled; he was m
5 hurried on by the impulse of humanity, and had ?
, perhaps forfeited the esteem of her lie so early e:
L loved. It is no light grief to see the altar of our at
1 our auctions desecrated. The expression of the T
| i countenance of Miss Marion puzzled him. Hie co
, j was evidently wounded at his speech, but, be- h<
x i ncatli assumed gravity, there issued a smile of m
. ! archness that was irresistible. Recovering from tr
L this transient estrangement, he gayly continued: pr
"after all, I believe you are jolting, and will ae (,j
. copt your invitation to prove it." ft
t "Callous as you may deem me," said Florence, a
t i "I am not proof against the feelings of humanity, m
. Rut every well-regulated mind will acknowledge is
. j the imperative demand of duty. You will oh- th
. servo, 1 shall not flinch when the trial comes." t-t
How like an arrow to his soul did these words | ni
, agonize! There was :;n unnatural gny<ty, mys- n(
. terious to Dr. Charlton, which possessed both f,,
I brother and si>t<-r, as they dispensed to him the I ;u
r palatable viands from their table. Col. Marion
i j was as eourteousas u-ual. It was evident that j as
I tliere was some secret plan contrived between j
. them, and Charlton was very much pleased n,
; when the servants cioartd the board. Suspense j|
. was nearly at an end, and the auto da fc was, m
i for aught he knew, to be visited ujion the poor in
' j victim of slavery. It was a spacious apartment, m
| | that old diuing-iuoni ; ample as the heart of a j c;
, Uouihertser. Large windows admitted light and w
sunshine; tin y were now thrown open, and the
I i .-tars and young moon shone brightly in that Sl
. j extensive hall. Miss Marion arose from the ta- |?
, j ble, and her brother immediately left the apart- jr
. j mont. |?
. | "I trust implicitly to your discretion," said she t|,
} ; to the doctor, ''and beg that you will place your- t|
] self in a quiet comer, where you may observe ,.|
silently the scene that will follow; above all |,(
% things exercise gravity." c|
} "Is the girl mad," thought her lover; "but ,r;
1 this is tlie strangest request of all!" lr
2 He now observed that ilie cloth had not. been [
. removed from the table. One plate was retain- ,,,
r ed. and an infant's high-backed chair was placed
j at the table. The house blacks walked in, Indi- w
an file, in an orderly manner, the windows were r,
1 thronged with the tiled slaves. The table appeared
to be the spot that attracted the most at- ?,
t tcntion. Miss Marion withdrew to a retired part u
. of the room. A change came over her beautiful j ;lI
nVlilViCCAil tllloIKO f
J VUl'lllVlillliVi;t lllllb V. | * I %4 ?IM. II. V WM?|. IJ
] ; '"She wiil fail at last,'' thought Charlton, "in v,
. her good resolutions." ISut what astonished *j
y hint most was, the broad grin of delight that ,.]
r pervaded the countenances of the slaves. "Jlar0
dened wretches," thought he, "habit inures them C(
, to this, and in their benighted state they are |,;
p tnereifullv spared sensitive feelings Ibr their
? kind."
s The actors now appeared. Colonel Marion (|
, ! was arrayed fli a bib apron ; a napkin was grace- (|
j fully thrown upon his left shoulder, ifct walked (?
. onward to the table, and placed opposite the
plate a large d;>h of sausages, lie then made \
a sign to Aneca to sit in the chair. Iler eyes S1
r were downcast and swollen with weeping; she (r
could with difficulty obey; as the school boy j|
would say, she had to "ir/w/ye" into t his unen- u
1 j viable eminence. rj
L. I "1 was not aware of this honor," said the colo i,
j nel, gravity written upon his brow, "and you i u
e I must excuse the lack of other provisions. You i .,|
j ' must therefore supply the deficiency by feasting (t
. upon nothing but sutixiges. They are tempting, j*,
y I and I am truly glad that I have it in my power |)(
' to gratify vou." sj
He now helped her to a heavy link, bade her n|
. Vat and be merry,' arid hoped she would not be J .,
I bashful before so many spectators. There was a '
] suppressed titter that convulsed the blacks who (|l
' were in the room. The mimic waiter was in-1 jj
; | iniilable ! The field slaves were to he restrained
j no longer, but gave vent, like a pent-up volcano j '
f!?with a yah! yah! yah! irhoo ! The tears i
j of 'he poor girl flowed afresh. Miss Marion was j j
} 1 nale and tearful. The sarcasm of the colonel .1
j j was uninterrupted : the slave endeavored to eat, ! |(j
. but in vain, and straining her eyes about her, j (|(
. she saw compassion and sympathy evidently ex- p
, | hihited upon the countenance of her mistress.? ' w
s : Human nature could hear no more, and she ex- j
I claimed, "Pray for me, M'r-s I'lon-ncc? beg for ' j
t 1110?I nfbbfi' uul/ steal ayain!' Miss Marion ?
I ' 1 * 1 1 "
. | was at her sale in a moment, slio gave an mi- ^
I ploring look at her brother, and Altera bounded (
; Irom her tormentors like a young fawn. Mks "...
^ ! Marion followed. The coloin-l dofli-d hi s menial
j attire, ami ordered I lie slaves to llicir huts. JI<; j
. then joined the doctor in the drawing room.
.! "It is said, by one of our learned Judges," said
s j Col. Marion, "that theft in a freeman js :i c:into, j j
1 ' in a slave a vice. It is a truism. It however
1.1 requires punNhmeiil, and it is a master's privif.
: l? e-e to make it its lidst as t!ie nature of the of- '
, - ^ | ||f
s i fence may admit. j ,|
|, "Do enlighten me," said Charlton, who had j
-1 been o'catIv amttsed at the ridiculous scene in j
' spite ot all ins philanthropy, "as to the detecti' n
? I of the thief, and the probable incentive to the l
f' act."
t1
""Willingly; my sister gave llio key of th
noke house to her servant to 'give out dinnci
?the cook, and as she had frequently trustee
er, she did not fur a moment anticipate the ro
tit. The cook perceived Aneca secrete thosi
nks of sausages you have soon under her apron
here was a little jealousy, I presume, in hoi
iscovering the 'fact to her young mistress,' lb
icy all love to possess the confidence of thoi
ivuors; you doubtless are persuaded that thei
male propensity will furce its way, in cvideno
' their fallen nature."
"Are your free blacks as much addicted t<
left as your slaves ?"
".Mr. Clay never uttered greater truth," re
irned the colonel, "than when lie said, 'as r
ass, they were the most corrupt, deprave (
L-ings upon earth.' Liberty to tliis class o
is 111r> mnet inicpnililp boon conferred
r? - -
he slaves are spared the responsibilities o
'If-government and subsistence. The fre<
?gro is regarded with contempt and fear by i
avc. I can give you no plainer idea of thi:
nth than by repeating an anecdote told hi
( senator Preston?he who wears so grace
illy the mantle of his eloquent ancestor, Pat
ck Henry. Previous to his decision in favoi
' 11 an ison, lie was questioned in regard to hi.1
ditical views; he replied, that he 'once over
>ard a quarrel between a free negro and i
avc; the slave ended the dispute by lurninf
om the frce-black with contempt, saying
hat are you but a free nigger, and got nc
assa V He conveyed the meaning that hi
as in an unenviable position. The fear thej
ccite i? in their depraved habits, and the evil
citiirtg from companionship with our slaves
here is no white person will hire a free negro
. on for less wages, they are so miserably dis
niCst; you had ocular proof of the attach
cut existing between the slave and her mis
ess to-day. They uruerstand each otlici
ufeclly. Congenial disposition and equality
'mind and station do not always inspire nt
< .1 1 .I. r . ..
C'tioii *0 enduring as mis reunion. n is no
rare occurrence to hear the slave offering hei
istress advice, and even dictating to her. Ii
net indolence nor la-. k of dignit y that cause!
is want of discipline ; it originates from her
litarv indulgence, Habit make's a southen
istie-s tolerate their stupidity anil want o
;atnec?. It would require many slaves to per
im the labor which one girl of bill work' cai
renmplish in the northern states."
"The prejudice is stionger,.in my opinion
i regards servants/' said Dr. Charlton, "in tin
inherit states than exists with you; llioj
eatly prefer European paupers, and pntronizi
lorn exclusively. I have often found niysel
akii.g coinpaii-o:.s with regard to the suffer
g poor in our country and your slaves,
n constrained to admit that they are physi
illy better portioned than tlie working classes
ho are only considered as tools and machine
i supfiort the aristocracy: 'what's in a name,
ire enough ? .Merc infants are crowded ii
stilcnt mills, when they should breathe tin
esh air; they are stunted and blighted ii
dy and mind; the children have no jnutli
icy are prematurely gray ; their parents fee
.? rvi'ms nf imsati-lii d liunirer. and are hal
olhed ; sick, without aid ; sorrowful, withou
>pc: they pilfer occasionally, and teach thei
lildren to lie and steal: the work-house o
illows frequently closes the scene. Whil
avclling in the midland counties of England
was struck at the sight of hands of white wo
ion working the soil under the surveillance o
ne man. On inquiiing the meaning of this,
as told they were hondagers! Here was t
iral serfdom in free England!"
"How gladly then," returned the colonel
would they accede to this proposal: 'coin
ith me, and you shall be spared the torturinj
lxiety concerning your future snppott; yoi
iUst labor, Hut not excessively; in sicklies
on shall lie cared for; and in old age ym
mil not resort to beggary.' And yet this i
avery!"
"The mere support id' existence does no
unpeiisate for the loss of freedom. Tliosi
ineful auctions separate kindred, and gall th
clings of human beings."
"Are thclaboiious poor never separated fron
icir families by stern necessity? With ij
ic employer cannot dismiss his laborer with
at providing him with another employer.?
'lie slave is never homeless! Besides, it is j
listaken idea that the planter, or slaveholder
lis his slaves on speculation ; 1 know of n<
renter insult to his pride, than fo ask him ti
ispose of them. It is a sign of poverty, and
In n one is taken, the whole soon follow.?
lie slavt holder considers his slaves as an heir
mm dereended from his forefathers, and In
ill resort to any means to save them. Tin
laiiter's property can never he truly estimn
d, and there i- often a doubt as to the right
il owner. The aristocracy will, through t
.-.1 ? '? . - ?? 'I*" I? limn ?
mill <U M'CUrilV, UIU jnwpvuj nuni .
lerilTs sale until death reveals the truestar
I'things. There is no greater aristocrat, thai
southern slave; he prides himself upon hi
luster's wealth as much as a I'renchinau doe
[ion his monuments. Ihinaparte's encourage
g word to his army was?'another victor
id another monument.' Some years ago then
as a ease in court which will amuse you. 1
Mow, to save her dissolute sou from the pre
nets of a jail, and to secure her slaves fron
a- sheriff s hammer, gave a Imiid to a neigh
ar for the amount of $1,500. Two, out ufi
azeii of her negroes, would have freed lie
oiii debt, lie paid the scoTs dehts, whiel
as the amount already staled, and took tin
I'groes to workout the mortgage ! This neigh
or kept them for v ears; the sun and mot he
ere iinpoveiMied by this state of thing?.?
flien asked to return the slaves, he iuvaiinbh
tswerod, 'lhey did not pay for the keeping!
lie son became desperate. Une morning tin
eiglibor blew bis horn to colleet his laborers
ui they came up, like tlm Dutchman's chick
is, "a mUsing !" Humor told him that tin
ui had driven them home. Preposterous tale
rculeau blacks to lie driven bv a boy ! Tin
ii?tress (pieslioiied lierslaves luwv they dare(
i come to lier--ilif|uired if the tieighlior di<
nt treat them well? They answered, 'In
oihcd and led them pleiitilullv, but thevweri
red of working for ]x>or buckra /' (This i
m name slaves bestow on all illiterate poo
liite people.) 'I lie son protected them fVoti
eb-g taken, by his double barrelled gun, wn
I the law bad decided (be cape."
p I "Were it not a belter plan," paid Charlton,
' i "to hire out tlins? supernumerary blacks you
1 I own, and give them an incentive to labor for
- j themselves?"
3 "1 tried the experiment with a gfrl," contin*
i. ued the colonel; "I bade her go and seek war
ges^.and I would share with her. She pouted,
r anna'i'd she could not suit jjoor buckra, and
r w<fpiii rather stay at home; that they made
r 'um do too many tings?dut if she rock a erae
die she couldn't set a table too!' 1 sent her
<>fl*; the week ended, and she returned?'if I
> wanted money, I must go and collect it.' The
fact I ascertained was this, there were no debts
- due?she had been harbored in a hut, and had
i slept her time out! This is not an isolated |
1 case, nor is it altogether a general ore. There
f are many who arc hired by the year, and those j
. who hire them are possessed of all the privi- ,
f leges that belong to an owner. Uut so surely ,
J as they threaten them with corporeal punish*
i men^ the slaves will fly to their owners, pre- ,
s fcrring correction from them alone. Northern
; temporary masters are the most exacting, and |
slaves are always reluctant to attend them. It ,
- is bv our northern overseers that the cruelties,
r so often harped upon by the abolition lecturer,
s are committed upon our slaves. We employ
- them because they are active, intelligent, in* |
i d isliious men. They do not understand how (
t tr. indulge the slaves, and do not sufficiently (
. ? _ iL.!. I ?1-1 .1 u
, I accuuill iur men iiiuuieiice uiruugii mu cuctio I
> | of a warm climate. They resort to coercion ,
? as the most effectual mode of subduing their ,
innate repugnance to labor. I prefer appoint- |
ing un aged slave to superintend my plantation, |
and instruct him in agriculture. The slaves j
, have an innate reverence for age. And you (
can readily perceive the difference of manner
in our bond and our free negroes. The more ]
- deferential a slave appears, the greater liber- |
r tics are allowed him; and, surely, courteous
manners are an ornament to the most enlight- j
encd anil free." j
t "As regard education, or religious instruc- <
i" lioti, colonization, and missionaries appointed
t to enlighten the blacks, do not meet the expec- ;
5 fusions of those j>hiiaiitliropic indiviciuuis wno
have been instrumental in locating them in
i .Monrovia, the chief town of Liberia. A letter
f from a missionary states that there must be a
great revolution in this colony 1 efore it can
i have a moral influence over the natives. Nothing
has been done for the intciior, with the
, exception of (hose who are servants in the
i families of colonists. I have only to rrftr to
' the hlack act in Connecticut, and the persecus
tion those blacks underwent who were anxious
I to receive the rudiments of instruction. Our
- country is not alone in its views to retard, the
I progress of education towards those who are
physically organized against instruction, and
, where prejudice of color remains paramount,
s The abolitionists have ictarded, and erected a
barrier for advancing the slaves even in mei
chanica! employment. It isthe master's intere
est, if not his good will, to extend the sphere
i of his slaves' employments, and to instil that
; ambition necessary to accomplish this clcva1
ti'?n. Hut, through the fanatical spirit existing,
f this improvement is put down by positive let
gi-lul'on, knowing that it would be impolitic
r to enlighten them. When they are convinced
r that rum interference with our institutions and
e individual security will cease to annoy, the dof,
sire to improve and elevate will again resume
its power."
f .Miss Marion entered the aparllnent, and,
I overhearing the closing remark, observed,
[i "The bulb inust root?the stalk must acquire
strength, before the bud can blossom. Eman- j
I, cipalion would only serve to extend and i
e strengthen the curse against this nation of hacks.!
i I
Z Should fanaticism inspire our slaves to deeds
J of hloou, the honors of St. Domingo would be
s repeated, and a people, formed to be ruled by
ii the whites, would sink into desolation and ruin,
s "St. Domingo is struck out of the map of civilized
existence, and the British West Indies
t may soon follow." Spain and Portugal are;
0 degenerate, arid their rapid progress is down*
c ward. Greece is still ma barbarous condition,
and scantily peopled. Italy is in ruins.
1 Nothing lias contributed to this downfall more
3 than the loss of domestic slavery. Severe laws
- are found in all countries, disposed to promote
- civilization. The French, by the false sound
a of liberty, deluged their country iu blood; and,
after all, they are a people constituted to be
? governed by despotic power. Their pride does
"> not consist in individual prosperity; their boast
, is in public edifices, and to show off the splen
dor and luxury surrounding their rulers."
"Excuse me," said Charlton, "for perseveri
ing in asking answers to mv previous quese
tions, lor really we have wandered widely from
* our subject.''
-1 "If I remember rightly, the next considera:?
i (ion is, religious instruction. This department
a lias no connection with the laws of man, save
e as respects a moral view of the subject. Our
i i Saviour's object was, to bring 'peace and good
s j will to men.' Our slaves are n (^debarred the
s I mivileue of attending divine worship in any |
* church tliey feel disposed. Those living in
y lilies and villages often at ten 1 with their own
ers. The galleries of churches are reserved for
k them."
"Yon forget," said Dr. Charlton, "that your
1 cities and villages contain hut a small portion;1
of your slaves ; are those condemned to plant- j
1 ation residences doomed to a heathen's nor-1
r lion?" < i
"By no means," said Florence quickly;l
"ihere are missionaries who have plantation j !
appointments, and they welcome them with joy i
to hear the glad tidings; they ride, from day I 1
to day, through cotton plantations, rice fields,:
and swamps, preaching salvation, enduring the |
scorching heat of the summer's sun, and during : 1
the autumnal miasma, and the storms of winter, j
' | They have no comfortable churches, no cushioned
planks, formed for luxuriant ease, no !
; shelter save that of nature's growth, under the j
umbrageous branches of a wide-spreading tree, J
! interspersed with luxuriant vines or hanging | <
j J moss. Nature's (ioit is inn connneu 10 uewn .
^ ! stone and mortar, nor subject to the arts of J
man! The immortal soul can lie ijiiiteas well;
'elevated to religious feeling while contemplating
the Creator's wonderful woiks." ,
t "Dear Miss .Marion," said Charlton, gravel v,
"I am truly indebted to you for your kind explanations
of slavery, and can but perceive that
the lights obliterate the'shadovrs. I mustix
bid you both good evening, and I hope, atsoi
fiituie time, to renew this interesting tbeine.'
G.
Correspondence of the Temperance Advocate.
Washington, June 18, 1853.
Dear brother Warren.?1 have reached he
this evening on my return, and am in go<
health.
Since 1 wrote to you last, I proceeded
Philadelphia, and on Thursday and Frid
nights, met the friends of Temperance in V;
Wagner's big tent, in West Philadelphia, ai
made two Temperance Speeches. Tl
first night, I guess there must have "been fro
1500 to 2000 persons. The next night, owii
to a most acceptable shower, from 2 o'clock
nearly night, there were not so many, thouj
a large audience.
I was received, much as I am at home, wi
rapturous applause !. Whether the speech
were good or not, it is not for me to suy ; tl
people seemed pleased, and by an unnuimo
rote returned thanks to me for my nddresse?
But you ask, what do you mean by Vi
Wagner's big tent"? I will explain.
Mr. Van Wagner is a Blacksmith, who h
become a Temperance Lecturer, and * nol
vie he is! lie has a pavilion capable of co
taining 2000 people. This he pitches, like
Circus tent, in an open space, fixes scats risii
is an amphitheatre, and a stage?then he
ready for operations! lie is now employ*
for four months by the State Central Comm
Lee for ?2500. The first night a banner w
presented to him hy the ladies of Maneyyoun
me of the small towns in the neighborhood
Philadelphia. It was presented fur the ladi
by Mr. Rodman, who made a capital speech
he audience on the necessity of Prohibitio
Mr. Van Wagner, in accepting, beautifully r
sponded, and then, in a short address, mo
powerfully pres< ntea tne claims 01 a iroiuo
ory law.
lie was followed by the ableCorrcspondii
Secretary of the State Central Committee, t!
Rev. Mr. Jackson. 1 was then called out, ai
being pretty much roused by what had goi
before, made one of my short, but pretty (
fective speeches.
Last night I was preceded by our broth
Nicholson, the G. S. of the Sons of Temp.
Pennsylvania; he made a capital, short speec
on the necessity of law.
M then took hold of the audience for an ho
and a half, and strange to say, they held
too !
Yesterday, conducted by niv worthy brol
ers, Jackson and Nicholson, I visited Indepc
donee Hali! As I entered the room, it seei
ed as if I stood in some holy place. Here t
Declaration of Independence was read, by J.eff
son, at the head of his Committee, (Frankl
Adams, Livingston and Sherman,) men nci
surpassed for wisdom, patriotism, and llopul
can simplicity. Shades of the mighty det
seem still tr ' present here. Would that c
countrymen, one and all, would visit Indepi
dcncc Hall, and renew their feelings of love a
devotion to their United country. No m
standing in Independence Ila'l, would breath*
u-rttvl /-? tinrhnr .1 thought.lboilt disunion!
As you enter, a beautiful wooden Statue
Gen. Washington is before you, and occupies t
place where the President of Congress once sj
On the right of the statue hangs a portrait
Washington in full uniform, taken when he v
a Colouel in the service of Va. In his youth
fa?c, you can hardly trace a line of the gra
commanding face which commanded at Tr<
ton, Monmouth and Yorktown, and which aft
wards graced the new government under <
Federal Constitution. Immediately below t
picture is the wooden seat occupied in Chi
Church by Washington, La Fayette and Bisli
White. Jnst beyond Col. Washington's portr
hangs a life-like print of "Bishop White. L'nd
ncath is the high backed red morocco lined cb;
occupied by Charles Thomson, E<q., the ne<
enough admired, self-sacrificing, Secretary of l
Continental Congress. On the left of Washii
ton's is the portrait of the gallant son of I
stormy deep, Stephen Decatur. The spectat
as lie looks at it, drops a tear over the sacril
of so much worth to that modern Idol, rod w
the blood of many victims?Duelling! I
(lerneatli is the chair of the President of the <
Congress,?it is exactly like that of Secret)
Thomson. It carries with it the venerable a
glorious association of llancock and Laurens
And thev recall, that Massachusetts and Soi
Carolina were then as twin sisters, in the gl<
ous cause of liberty. Why are they now
tranyed? On the right of the room as you <
tcr, is a beautiful portrait of William iTenn.
looked as if painted yesterday. His costume
the plain garb of Friends. His features are
diant with manly beauty, and benevolence,
his hand is his treaty with the Indians : they :
pear in the foreground. One, feeling and tliir
ing as I do, of the immortal founder oflYnns
vania, would never tire in looking at it. On t
left of the room is a fine portrait of Gen.
Fayette, painted in 1824. It is exactly liket
great Apostle of Liberty of the New and t
Old World ; but looks younger than he i
when I saw him in Columbia, in 182.?, wc
down by travelling, feasting, and civic honors
In this fittest of all places, rested the bod
of the great men, worthy to he the successors
the sages of Inependcnce?John Quincy Adai
and Henry Clay?ou their transit from Wa>
ingtoii home ! If 1 dared, I could fancy, on t
sepal ate nights when they lay in the Ilall, ll
the spirits of Washington, Franklin, Adari
Jclfcrson, Livingston, Sherman, Hancock, L:i
reus, Henry, Lee and their associates, descend
to welcome and bless the spirits of the nc?
dead ; and said "Arise, flee away and with
mount, mount in a chariot ot fire to everlasti
life and glory!"
From this venerable place, we passed to t
f ...... iiiotT-li-A onor. and small ana
V./UVII I ? WHIO ^ ll<v ? j ..?.J ..
menls for tlie administration of justice. T
Orphan's Court we first visited. Judges Kcll
and Allison were presiding. They are both
tli.eir honor, and the good of the cause, efficir
working total abstinence men. Thov dispatch
rapidly the business, which is usually dene
our Ordinary, Master in Chancery, and t
Coutt of Chancery. We then passed into I
District Court, (the Court of Sessions then I
ing in session.) 1 was introduced by brother Ni<
nv olson, who is a lawyer, (6 the Judge, Thompson,
ne A ease of assault nu(t battery was in trial. A
" negro woman was indicjed by a negfo girl. Th'c
celebrated David Paul Brown defended the case;
The prosecutrix was sworn, examined,' ahd cft?sexamined,
neither of the counsel rising from
their seats. The Judge, along side of whom I
,re was sitting, talked to me, and I am sure heard
ot| nothing of the case. Indeed; lie told me that
at the beginning of the term' the Jaws applicable
t0 to such cases was fully explained to the jury ;
RV and afterwards, without note or comment from
an the Judges, they were allowed to dispose of the
1(j cases.
fje "We next proceeded to the Mint, and saw the
lin whole process of making money, from the sinelt1(T
ing until it was ready t.? he issued: Every thing,
t0 is done separately. The chemical preparation of
T|j silver makes it. in the first place?as lifted from
71 the boiling cauldrons?look Hike sordid dust f1
tJi it is then cast into ingots?these arc made intd'
es bars: these are rolled, and pass under the ma
l,e chines, which cuL them into the different circu
< I.af. o y*r\ muIIa/I on/1 offtmrVA/l'
yg CUIIIM 1 mo nic ousju iiiiuvu nnu oi<iuijn.u.
l# In these latter operations of the smaller coirr;
in women are employed. The whole operation of
milling and stamping is done by machinery, and
as eve,7 scc?nd a piece is completed and drops into
,/c the vessel which is placed underneath to receive
n. it. All pass into the counting room, which is,
a also done by machinery. There seems, to hetibn
-,g immense coinage going on. In cabinets,, are V
js kept specimen coins of the Ancient and the ISTe\f
C(j World. Apiece of silver, like those paid to
jt, Judas for his Master's blood, is there to be
ns See"' . . /.
In the afternoon, with my brother NiclioUdVt,"
0f I visited the house in w hich William iVnn lived:
cs It is low down near the liiver; was built frontr
to 'no 11? a row of houses is now between.it and
n the Delaware. It is a low, old fashioned briek
e. house. Pennsylvania ought to buy it, and fit
it tin and furnish it: write over the door, "Here
j[. lived our worthy father, Wm. ponti," and keep
some one constantly there to show it. _ . lfT
Wc then went "to the Arch Street Quaker
[,p Meeting House?found it open; and a friend,
1(j Thomas Evans, with whom I hadssome acquaint
ne tatice: he shewed us the spacious accomniodations,
and then took lis into the graveyard.?
There is not a stone to mark a single sepultnre;
er and said "the dead are buried at least tour tier
0f deep," all under the present house. The paved" . .
.jj yard, and half the street, he said, are occupied
bv the peaceful dead. Such is the fate of man :
ur "The place which once knew him, shall know
n him no more forever!"
We passed next to the Christ Church yarrf,
j,. and stood for a moment over the grave of Franki,.
lin. It is covered by a single slab marked Berlin
jamin and Deborah Franklin, 1790. It covers
jie too, the graves of John Read, the father of Mrs;
pr_ Franklin, and the son of Dr. and Mrs. Franklin;
jn The head stones of these graves stand agaii st
.ef the wall. Along side of them ,(the Dr. and *
,i: his w ife.) lie their daughter, Mrs. Bache, and
ld) busbar d.
As I stood looking on the unconscious mar- ,n_
ble, I thought of Dr. Franklin's wish, when on
I1(j drinking a bottle of wine, he found a fly immersan
ed in it?took it out apparently dead, but on
j a hiving it on the table, it soon revived, and
said, "Oh that I could be bottled up, as this fly
0f has been, and after fifty years have come and
lie gonc' could be recalled to life, so that I might
see the condition of the country and people ttf
0f which, and whom I have aided in giving liberras
" The wish was vain ; but if he could now
fuj be permitted on an angels' wing to fly over this
vp broad and happy land, how rvpuld he rejoice, at,
,nl the great good which have resulted from his labors!
er I am done! My tour will in a few days, I
|,e hope, take me to my home; 4rnd some one else
l,;ft will write, and then I will read.
t v Your's, in L. P. & r.
JOIIN BEbTON O'NEALL:
ait m r
er. David aud Jonathan.
ijr) /'row Me German of Herder.
ver When the son of Jesse, worn out with the
:he cares of his kingdom and imxiety about his chilig
dren, slept on his death bed, lo, there came, first
the to meet him in the dark vail* of death, Jonaor,
than, the friend of his youth. "Our bond is for
See ever," said "he to the shade of the old king, but
ith I cannot reach forth to thee my right hand, for, T*-'
In thou art spotted with blood?with the bloochof
old my father's house, and even laden with the sighs'
try of my own son: follow me."
.nil And David followed the heavenly youth.?
? "Ah!" said lie to himself, "a hard lot is the life
ith of men, and a harder still the life of kings, would
>ri- J had fallen as thou didst, 0 Jonathan, with ati
rs- innocent heart, in the spring-time of my life; or
cn- would that 1 had remained a shepherd, singing
It. among the flowers of Bethlehem. A blessed life
is hast thou lived in Paradise : why did I not die
ra- with thee ?"
In "Murmur not," said Jonathan, "against him
tn- who cave thee the crown of his people, and made
I c # ?t i '
ik- tliec father of an everlasting kingdofn. I saw
yl- thy work and thy woes, and I have waited for
he ; thee here." Then he led him to a stream in PnLa
| radise. "Drink," said he, ,(of this well, and all
he . thy cares shall be forgotten. Wash in this
he stream, and thou shall become young and fairer
lid i than thou wort in thy youth when I won thy
>rn I love, and we swore fidelity to one another. But
. ' dip deep into it; it flows like silver, and must pu-- "
ies ; rify thee with fire." David drank from tho well'of
and washed in the crystal stream. The drought
lis washed away the cares of earth ; but the waves
di- of the stream passed deeply through hiqj; they
he glowed within him till he became radiant with
lat purity like his heavenly friend,
ns, Jonathan reached a harp to the newborn
in- youth, and under the Tree of Life, he sang more
ed sweetly than here Mow. "David and Jonathan,
lv lovely in their lives, in death are not divided.-us
Lighter than eagles, swifter than the roe upon
ng the hills. Ye daughters of Israel, weep for us no
more; we are clad in the glory of our youth.?
he Mv joy is in thee, my brother Jonathan; when
rt.. below, I had joy and delight in thee; and here,]ie
still in thy love, I find the love of our youth."?
ey They kissed one another, and now indivisible,
to they renewed their covenant for ever.?Bait'.
r> a j a
nt mere J-roresiam.
ed
by The Earl of Ellestnere, it is sail], went to
lie Washington upon diplomatic business, with
he which lie was expressly charged by his governjo
nient. He was expected to return to New
h- York last Saturday.
f