Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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COLUMBIA. Saturday Morning:, Oct. 28. 1865. Wiiv* thc So wt 3? Need*. Gov. Perry, in his admirable mes? sage, has touched upon a matter ?which must, nolens volens. bc seriously considered by the people of the Southern States and of South Caro lina. We aliud? to the followii g para? graph: "It should be the pride of every farmer and planter in the State to raise, grow or make everything which he uses or needs. Slavery has been abolished, and labor made more honorable as well as more necessary. They who have heretofore spent their lives in ease and idleness will be forced to work. Planting and the learned professions are no longer the only honorable means of hvelihood for our young men. They must become tradesmen, manufacturers, artisans mechanics. Immigration of indus? trious foreigners must be enaouraged. Then manufactures will spring up, ..ommerce will revive, and we shall become an independent people." This is plain and sensible talk to the people. What we want now is ?corkers in every department of indus? try-in the field, in thc work-shop, in the manufactory and in the counting house. The radical change in our system of labor will not now permit any gentlemen, idlers or unproductive loafers, If the earth yields her in erease to any remunerativa extent, it must be by hard licks and untiring energy on the part of her people; if we wish to advance our mechanical interests, our young men must not bc ashamed to go into the work-shops and learn some useful trade, and in every other department of the great work of developing our resources aud repairing our shattered fortunes, it is workers-earnest, faithful workers that are needed. Heretofore, in this State, our young men from oui- colleges and schools crowded into the learned professions, thc result of which was that numbers of them nev er got practice enough to support them, and, thus unfitted for any other business, they too often, instead uf being active producers, bocome a burden upon their friends and an incubus upon the industrial energies of society. Now everything is changed; much of our property that constituted our wealth, and all of it which formed our labor system, has been swept away as in the twinkling of an eye; and if there is any other way to resuscitato our resources and bring back prosperity to the land, other than by untiring efforts and steadfast labor, we cannot see it. There is work now for all who are here, and for all who may come among us for ; punter of a century to come. Let each, therefore, go at it with steadfastness of purpose and with a determination to succeed, and success will come. TUE CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT. - The constitutional amendment abo? lishing slavery has been ratified by the following States : Illinois, Feb? ruary ?, 1865 ; Rhode Island, Febru? ary 2 ; Maryland, February 3 ; Mas? sachusetts, February 3 ; New York, February 3 ; Pennsylvania, February 3 ; West Virginia, February 3 ; Michi? gan, February 4 , Maine, February 7 ; Ohio, February 8 ; Kansas, Feb? ruary 8 ; Minnesota, February 8 ; East Virginia, February 0 ; Indiana, February 13 ; Nevada, February 16 ; Louisiana, February 17 ; Missouri, February 24 ; Wisconsin, February 21 ; Vermont, March 0 ; Tennessee, April 5 ; Arkansas, April -. ; Con? necticut, May ? ; Iowa, June 30 ; New Hampshire, June 30. It has been rejected by the follow? ing States : Delaware, February 8 ; New Jersey, March 1 ; Kentucky, February 23. It is expected that Colorado (the new State) will soon ratify the amendment, and that enough of the reconstructed Southern States to fix the matter will soon do it. Important Speech of air. Seward. POLICY OF THE GOVXCSaZENT TOWAM> THE SOUTH. Secretary Seward made a very im purlaut opceeh ir. Auburn, Mew York, last Friday. It is of tbs highest importance to the people of the South, showing, as it dof s, the policy which the Government in? tends pursuing towards the South. He showed that the Administration intends to set the South upon its feet. Ho said: If, at any time, the American Union is fractured through a leison of one of its limbs, that limb must be restored to sound? ness bafore the constitutional health and vigor can be brought back to the old sys? tem. If ono of these limbs offend, we have the power-and I will not cavil about the right-to cut it off and cast it away from us; but when we shall have done that, we would have then done just what other na? tions loss wiso than ourselves have done, that have submitted unnecessarib- to am? putation, and given up a material portion of their strength, to save themselves from apprehended destruction. We know the inherent strength, vitality and visor of the whole American people. We neither pas? sionately torment any offending limb, nor consent to its being cut oft", because we know that all of our limbs arc capable of being restored, and all arc necessary to the prolongation of our national life. You will ask whether a r?conciliation which follows so closely upon military coercion can bo relied upon-can it be sincere -can it be permanent'5 I answer, do you admit separation to bein any way possible? Does anybody now believe that it ever will here? after become possible? Will yon yourselves now or ever consent to it? You answer all these questions in the negative. Is not re? conciliation, tiot ?inly uesirable, but inipe ! rative? Is any other reconciliation, under the circumstances, possible? Certainly you must accept this proposed reconciliation, I or you must purpose to delay and wait until you can procure a better one. Good surgery requires that oven simple frac? tures, much more compound ones, shall i he healed, if possible, at the first intention. I Would not delay necessarily probing an? archy? Are you sure that you can procure a better reconciliation after prolonged an? archy, without employing force? Who will advocate the employment of force merely to hinder and delay, through prolonged an? archy, a reconciliation which is feasible and perfectly consistent with the Constitu? tion? lu what part of thc Constitution ii written the power to continue civil war against succumbing stat 's for ultimate political triumph? What would this be but, m fact, to institute a new civil war, after one had ended with the complete attain? ment of tho lawful objects for which it was waged? Congress and th?.' Adruidistration have power to levy wars against foreign Status for whatever ear.se they see lit. Congress and the President have a right to accept or evett make war against any part of the people of the United States I only under their limited power to suppress sedition and insurrection, and for that purpose only. What then? Must we give up the hope, of further elevation of classes in the several States without any new guar? antee for individual liberty and progress? By no means. Marching in this path o! progress and elevation of masses is what we have been doing alway? in the season of peace, and what we have been doing -till more effectually in the prosecution ol the war. It is a national march, as on? ward and irresistible as thc late conflict between free and slave labor was vigorous and irrepressible. Thc plan of reconcilia? tion we are pursuing has given us two great national advances in this progress of niora! and political elevation, which are now to be made fast and firmly fixed. First-i! secures a voluntary abolition of slavery bj every State which has engaged in insur? rection; and secondly-it must secure, anc does secure, an effectual adoption by th< late slave States themselves of the amend? ment of the Federal Constitution, whicl declares that neither slavery nor involun? tary servitude, except for crime, sh.vd evei hereafter exist in any part of the Unitce States. TEE POSITION OF TUE STATES. He neither reads history with care not studies the ways ot Providence with rove renee, who does not see ihat, for the prose cution of these double, diverse and ye equally important purposes of war ant peace, Andrew Johnson was fitly appointee to be a Provisional Governor in Tennessei -the first of a series of Provisional Go vernors afterward to be assigned to the in surrectionary States, and was subsetpicntl' elected Vic?-President, and, in the end constitutionally inaugurated President o the United States. Wo are continuall; hearing debates concerning the origin am authority of the plan of restoration. Nc converts, North anti South, call it the Pre sid. ut'? plan. All speak of it as il' it wer a new and recent development. On th contrary, we now see that it is not special! Andrew' Johnson's plan, nor even a nco plan in any respect. It is the plan whie abruptly, yet distinctly, offered itself to th iast Administration, at the moment I hav before recalled, when th? work of restora tiou was to begin; at the moment when although by tho world unperceived, it di hetfin; and it is the only plan which tim seasor.ablv presented itself: and, therefor is the only possible ?dan which then o . ever afters 1 could be adopted. Thi plau,althougii occasionally requiting va riation of details, nevertheless admits c no substantial change or modification. ] could neither be enlarged nor contracte'. State conventions in loyal States, howevt favorable, in disloyal States however hos tile, could not lawfully or effectually disa low it; and even the people themselves when amending the Constitution of th United States, arc only giving to that pla its just and needful sovereign sanction. I the meantime, tho executive and legislativ authorities of Congress can do no moi than discharge their proper functions < protecting the recently insurgent State ; from anarchy during th? intervening pi riod while this plan is being carried int execution. It is essential to this plan Mu ; the insurrectionary States shall, by then selves and for themselves, accept and ado] ? this plan, and thereby submit themselvi to, and recognize, tho national autborif This is what I meant when I said to M i Adams, in a passage which you may pose bly recall, that in the sens? in which tl word subjugation was then used by tl enemies of the Unitetl States at home ar abroad, it waa not thc- expectation or pur? pose of this Government that th* Southern States should bc subjugated; but that I thought that these States would be brought, by tho judiciously mingled exercise of j pressure and persuaden, to a condition in which thev would voluntarily return to them allegiance. This was the'explan&tiou which Mr. Adams gave to Lord Palmerston, the Primo Minister of England, when that great and, as I truat, not unfriendly states? man, said that he did not believe that the Federal Union could be restored, because ho knew that while any man can lead a horse to tho water, no man could make him drink. Thc plan, therefore, recognizes not the destruction, nor even the subversion of States, but their active existence; and it reasons from facts as they are, not '"vom assumed or possible changes to bc effected by continued war, much less does it reason from mere chimeras. This absolute exist? ence of the States which constitute thc Republic is the most palpable of all the facts with which the, American statesman has to deal. If many have stumbled over it iuto treason and rebellion, the fact, for all legitimate deductions and purposes, nevertheless remains. In a practical sense, at least, the States were before the Ameri? can Union was. Even while they were colonies of the British crown, they stiil were embryo States-several, free, self existiiif: anil indestructible. Our Federal Republic e xists, and henceforth and for? ever must exist, through, not the oreation, but the combination, of these several, free, self-exist ing, stubborn States. These States are not stakes driven into thc ground by an imperial hand, nov arc they posts hauled together, squared and hewed, and. so erect? ed loosely upon it; but they are living, growing, majestic trees, whose rous are widely spread and interlaced within the soil, and whose shade covers riie earth, li' at any time any of these trees shall bc blown down or "upturned by violence, it must 'oe lifted up again in its proper place and sustained by kindly hands until it has renewed its natural stability and erectness ms OPINION OF TH:: PRESIDENT. Perha| s you fear the integrity of the man. I confess, with a full sense cf .ny account- i ability, that among all the public men whom I have met, or with whom I have been a s?oeiated or concerned, in tins or any ? other country, no one hr.s seemed to me to j be more wholly free from personal caprice ? I and selfish ambition than Andrew Johnson; i ' n.e..,. to be more purely and exclusively i moved in public action by love ot country j and good will to mankind. I hope I have \ said enough ef the President. EFFECT OF REPUDIATION.-We clip i the following advertisement from the i Wilmington, N. C.. DiapcUcJt. It es- | plains itFclf : REPUDIATION.-In consequence of the repudiation bvthc representatives \ of the people of North Carolina of ; their fairly and honestly contracted j debt, I and my children have be?n j made losers to the extent cf ninety four thousand (94,000) dollars, in bonds authorised by tho L?gislature i of I860, in favor of the Wilmington. 1 Charlotte and Rutherford Railroad. This compels me to offer myself as an j instructess in French, music on thc piano, and singing, at the residence of my father. Dr. A. J. DeRosset, cor? ner of Second and Dock. MRS. COL. GASTON MEARES. The following is the result of the election in Anderson District for Go? vernor and Lieutenant-Governor: Col. Orr received G96 votes and Gen. Hampton 279. Hon. W. D. Porter received S17 votes. The proceedings of the Fenian ! Congress, at Philadelphia, are still ! enveloped in comparative secrecy, j The secretaries afford only a brief i outline of the business transacted, ; and that of a character whose publi j cation is not prejudicial to the objects ? of the fraternity. During Monday, j however, it was evident, from the glad j faces and earnest hand-shaking of the delegates, that the Congress had decided upon some important mea? sure, thc development of which is intimately connected with the success of their plans. Funds are promised i the movement in great abundance. I The members of the Congress are j personally to subscribe half a million ! eif dollars. ; SPATS.-The cholera! the cholera ! j is the one long, terrible cry of agony from nearly every part of the Queen's j home dominions. At Seville, Ali I cunte, Malaga, Pnmpeluua, and Ma-* i driel, its ravages are horrible, but it j is at Valentia, in Andalusia, that the ! most astounding slaughter has result eel-no less than 15,000 persons hav? ing been swept off in .a few elays. At Palma, in the islanel of Majorca, the , decaying boches of both men and women encumber the houses for lack of hands to bury them-well-nigh ah the inhabitants having fled. At Bar? celona, all the shops are shut, and the inhabitants, impelled to folly by their ? fears, endeavor to escape even boyonel the French frontier, where, alas ! the dreaded Death stalks before them as ' fearful as where they left it. Business : and politics alike, are dumb in the . presence of such terror. Diplomatie Comtpbndcncc. The New York papers of the 21st | contain an interesting abstract of some "aiplomatic corresv>ondenee. We have only room for the following summary: The subject of the extent of Spain's jurisdiction over the waters around the island of Cuba had been revived in a correspondence opened with the Spanish Government in October, 1803. I The matter seems to have been set? tled in June, 1S64, when Mr. Seward wrote that our Government had no vital interest in determining the juris? diction referred to. Under date of November 23, 1803, Mr. Seward denies that the United States wore concerned in originating or aiding thc revolution in St. Do? mingo ; but states, on the contrary, j that they maintained the policy of | non-interferenc?? in the wars of other ; countries. The subject of preventing the slave : trade in Cuba was also renewed in a correspondence through our Minister at Madrid. Mr. Seward again in? stances the. policy of neutrality in the ! refusal of our Government to receive j even informally the agents of the re- : volutionary authorities ..>{ St. Do-1 mingo. In reply to un inquiry ?! Mr. Roer nor, our Minister ut Madrid, as to how he should regulate his conduct towards Maximilian, who was ex? pected io make an official visit. Mr. j Seward wrote : "* * * You will hold no official 'intercourse with any ' representation .ir Mad ri 1 of any re- : volutionary Governmcni ?Int has been or shall be established against thc au- j thority of the Government of the United States of Mexico, with which the United State.? are maintaining diplomatic relations. '.' The St. Domingo question recur? ring, he wrote Ids belief that "our Government would be strengthened ? more by the establishment of repub? lics on this continent, than by any extension ol our now very large do- j main." This was to dispel the fear.? which it was intimated Spain enter? tained regarding our aggressive poli? cy. ' On the 19th ot May, : >.,!. Mr. Se? ward issuredthc Spanish Governmcni very emphatically, that the United States could not regard with indiffer? ence the attempt to conquer and re annex the territory of Peru. Mr. Motley, our Minister to Aus? tria, defino?, as far as he could ascer? tain from the Count Rechberg, the j position of that country as regards the j Mexican question. Maximilian's pro : ject was a purely persona] one ; und I that country, not being a maritime [ nation, was unprepared to support his undertaking by sending ships or ar I mies ti . Mexico. ; Under date ot November 30, 1S64, I Mr. Seward conveyed a pointed, but polite rebuke to our Minister in Den ? mai-k, Mr. B. R. Wood, for having ; exchanged visits with the " envoy of i the so-called imperial Government'' of ; Mexico. ' STANDING BY THE GOVERNMENT. j The New York Observer, a religious I newspaper, remarks^. ' ' It is painful to observe what pa ! pers now ridicule, oppose and seek to ? defeat the measures of the Govern : ment. They are the papers that were I loudest in making a support of the ; administration a test of loyalty i papers that denounced every man as ' a traitor wdio opposed the measures j that Government wished to carry i through. We have a right to ask I such papers to be consistent-to unite j now with the great masses of the j American people in sustaining the Government in its patriotic and noble efforts to bring about the reign of peace, union and fraternal love. We hold that man to be a selfish seeker of his own gain, and not a warm, large-hearted patriot, who throws cold i water on. the President's plans for re ! conciliation." REPORTED RELE LSE ox'JOHN MITCH? EL.-The Missouri deJesspg^^frorn the Fenian Congress," SOTTon tt?rcis sion to Washington WT tu feieren?, to j the unconditional releaME^gf _jro\xu Mitchel, a prisoner at Fort*tSff^Ion-_ roe, report that they have been suc? cessful, and that the order for that purpose will soon bc issued. A simi? lar statement is reported in ?.>thcr quarters. That "private dinner" given to Hon. A. BC. Stephens, at the Revere House, iu Boston, was, indeed, very private, as the entire company pre? sent, according to the Traveler, con? sisted of three persons. London letters repeat the reports before published about the cholera, and there is nothing additional, ex? cept that precautionary measures ap? pear to have prevented the extension of the disease. Local Item.?, CASH.-We wish it distinctly understood that our terms for subscription, advertiste and job w,"-k ar;; oath. The money must i? every case accompany orders, or they >cii! not be attended to. Tbi? rule applies to all. JUST PUBLISHED.-The Sack and Destruc? tion of the City of Columbia, originally published in tiie Columbia J'heenix. A pamphlet edition of the above has just been issued and is for -ale at this office price il a copy. W<^ are again under obligations to Mrs. Roe, for a waiter of good things-mock turtle soup, oysters, e tc. By reference- to her advert isement, it will be seen that alu has bot soups every day at ll o'cl ck. besides refreshments at all hours. Her restaurant is situated on the corner Lady and. Lincoln streets. FAMILY SUPPLIES.-We call attention to the advertisements of Mr. T. Cantwell, lt will be found that he has a fine stock o? everything necessary to the provisional comfort of cir friends and his customers. He certainly has the best butter we 1: ave tpsti d for som? months ; and as Lis sup? ply of other material for housekeeping and social enjoyment appears to be equal t > any, if will be well for our friends to call and examine his stock. ANOTEF.U R ?BEESY.- -The store of D: P M. Cohen was again entered on Thursday night, and robbed ol a considerable amount of merchandize. What are we to do ? The municipal authorities ought to e;rganizi a sufficient police force ; > prevent such rob? beries. The result will be that several righteous summary sentences will b< exe cuteel without the intervention of . Military Commins ion, or Provost Court.' ABEIVALS. - - Among the distinguished visitors at Nickerson's Hotel, we notice' the names e>f Hon. Judge Wardiaw and Mi Burt. w!:c were appointed a commission for the purpose.of preparing and submit ting to thc Legislature r Coele of Laws, for the government and protection of the freedmen. Their report will be probable published to-morrow. We had the pleasure, also, e?f mei ting yesterday, ll. C. Grifan, Eso., who i- -. candidate for (' ingress in ibis Congres? sional District. . Griffin has many waria personal friends itere. RESTAURANT AT HOPKINS' STATION.-Th traveling public will see by our advertising column -, that c great convenience for hun? gry travelers is ?bout to be provided for them, and is ivw effectually established, ;>L Hopkins' Turn-Out, by Gilbert Bynum A Co., wei! known housekeepers, who arc prepared to furnish a soothing supper and a savory breakfast, to the fagged ami jaded travelers, arriving late or early at thc ; present terminus of the South Carolina 1 Railroad, twelve miloo from Columbia, i We recommend all passengers to visit . Bynum's house, go in, warm themselves, j and be comforted internally. T. J. MOISB & Co.-Merchants, planters, j and dealers in cotton, naval stores and ; produce generally, will find it to their in ' terest to consult the carel of Messrs. T. J. > Moise A Co., which appears in another I column. These gentlemen are now perma ? ncntly established in New York city, in the ; general commission business, and are pr?? par?e! to make liberal advances on consign j meuts. Mr. T. J. Moise is a good mer I chant ; a thorough acquaintance with the . New York market, attained by many years I experience- as a buyer, gives bim peculiar I facilities for tho prompt and satisfactory j attention to all orders for purchase entrust - i ed to his care. Nr.w ADVERTISEMENTS.-Attention is- call I ed to the following advertisements, which i ar? published for the first tima this morn? ing: T. J. Moise A Co.-Commission Mereh'ts. G. Bynum A Co.-Eating House. Board and Lodging-West of Lumber st. Dark and Loga?-Mules. W. B. Johnston-Nom. for District Judgi. A. G. Goodwin-Notice of Cotton. W. G. Embleton-Engraving. Dr. R. C. Griffin-For Congress. Hardy Solomon-Ale and Porter. J. G. Gibbes-Groceries anet Liqnor?. P. Cantwell-Soap, Starch, Ac. -Hums, Sides, Ac. -Butter, Lard and Cheese. -Mackerel. Herrings, Ac. -Liquors amt Wine-. C. S, Jenkins-Cabbages and Onions; -Hams and Bacon Strip?. -Crackers, Cheese, Ac. -Shoes, Trunks, Ac. -Kerosene Oil. j Prof. J. F. Lanneau-Furman University. Jacob Levin-Gas Light Stock. -Furniture, Ac. ! T. B. Glass- Books and Stationery. Wm. Hood -Treasurer's Office, j Simons' A Kerrison-Whiskey. Thc Washington correspondent of the New York 1 VU une softly lets down the row and fight between negro and I white troops at tho depot in Wash j ington the other day, and to which thc Chronicle gives a half column, by ? calling it a miniature riot, one man j killed. We suppose he must have j been shot in "miniature.*'