The Columbia daily phoenix. (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1865, June 26, 1865, Image 1
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By J. A. SELBY. . COLtJMBIA, S. C., FRIDAY MORNING, MAY 19, 1865. VOL. l.-NO. 43.
THE COLUMBIA PHONIX,
PUBLISHED DAILT, EXCEPT SUNDA T,
BY JULvlAN A. SELBY.
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WASHINGTON, June 4.-The loyal
people of the North will be glad to
leura that at last we have come to the
end of the reign of Stanton and the
exercise of arbitrary power, and are
back once more in the good old ways
of peace and obedience to law. The
flimsey excuse of 'military necessity,'
which the War Department would
still have urged for its flagrant out?
rages on personal rights and liberties,
oven after all armed opposition to the
Government had been officially de
-clared to be at -.n end, is no longer
potent.
President Johnson has unequivo?
cally ajid inexorably determined that
the forms of civil la* ?hall hereafter
be observed to the very letter, and that
the guarantees of the Constitutior. fo'r
the protection of individual citizens
?shall be speedily and completely in?
vested, with the same sacreduess and
binding force that belonged to them
in the old days of securitv before the
war, when Stantou was -unheard o',
except as the friend of Jeff, Davis.
We are to have no more illegal
and arbitrary arreits. President
Johnson is derermined that trials by
military commissions . shall come to
*n end, and, except in extreme ?ases
?t the South, that there shall be no
cuore arrests or arraignments of citi?
zens except by the old and established
processes of civil law, aud in accord?
ance* with constitutional forms. The
injustice which has been done to thou?
sands of people throughout the coun?
try by the action of the military
authorities, or rather of the War De?
partment, is to be atoned for, as far as
possible, by the prompt release of the
parties held, and, in flagrant cases, by
the punishment of those who have
transgressed the law. Stanton's occu?
pation is gone, and so is that of all his
associates and tools in arbitrary power
'throughout the country, the Old Capi?
tol and Fort Lafayette are nearly
-empty- I am not certain but that
Fort Lafayette is entirely so. The
army of state prisoners with whose
?low torture in loathsome cells Stan?
ton was wont to glut his love of ty?
ranny, no longer acknowledge his
authority. We are ,to have no more
suppressions of newspapers, no more
military interferences with elections,
no more of the performances of satraps
of arbitary power set to watch over
the people and eat out their substance.
Ail this ghastly machinery of despo?
tism is to be swept away as rapidly as
possible. This is the most glorious
and beneficent-the roost 'renowned'
of all the 'victories of peace.'
Sr anton overreached himself when
he undertook lo make the trial of tbe
conspirators secret. Here be had com?
menced the exercise of all his most
approved methods of producing in?
quisitorial terror. Crowds of people
were arrested merely as witnesses,
handcuffs of peculiar structure were
placed upon the bands of the prison?
ers, and bags pulled over their heads;
a military commission was evoked to
sit in secret; it was even proposed that
all the officers of the court should, be
held as prisoner*, in the building until
thc trial was over, so that not a word
of the nature of the ?vidence should
escape. Stanton's organ proclaimed
that there were grave and important
reasons that could not be divulged,
why the trial must be utterly secret.
But of a sudden all this nonsense was
given to the winds, the trial w.a6
opened to the press, and not tho most
zealous believer io the W ir Depart
merit cari perceive that any harm has
been done, by giving publicity to the
evidence".' The people, "who are thf%
final judges of all Government ques?
tions in this country, are satisfied to
this extent, and are desirous to see
justice done. They believe that it
would have been treuer accomplished
by a ci vi retrial.
'It is difficult to realize how great a
change has occurred in the conduct of
p. flairs here at Washington. The
whole atmosphere of Government
circles is entirely changed. The de?
termination of the head of the Go?
vernment to obey the Constitution and
the Laws, and to enforce respect of the
charter of our liberties by all who are
responsible u> him, bas totally altered
the relations of people with each other,
and will bring about a complete return
to the good times when arbitrary
arrests and illegal imprisonment were
unknown. The advent of President
Johnson to power is a real and preg
uant revolution which will be realized
in other matters besides this vital one,
of the personal liberty of the citizens.
[ Correspondence New York Herald.
BALTIMORE, June 4.-In regard to
slavery at the South and slaveholders,
the President holds thai whatever guilt
or sin there was in the matter was
?-qualiy shared by the'North; and that
it would be unjust in the highest de
gr?e to disfranchise any pervon at
the South merely because he has been
an owner of slaves. That degree ot
prosperity at the South which was
the result of slavelabor, was equally
shared by the North. The North
was benefuted by the wealth and pros
perity of the South. The abolition o?
slavery is one of the results of the
war. tf the Southern people accept
that re*tilt cheerfully, anti adapt them-:
selves to the changed relations which
it will involve, the interests of the
whole country require that they be
encouraged in every possible way
The amnesty proclamation ot May
29th, therefore, is ouly tbe first step
of the President in that direction. It
will soon be followed by another
reducing the number of the except?e
c asses, and containing other libera
provisions towards the citizens of thc
Southern States.
The President realizes that th<
object of the war was to restore th?
U?ion, and not to abolish slavery, o
to confer the rights of citizenship upoi
negroes. He intends that that objec,
shall be accomplished, and that th?
Union shall be restored upon stiel
principles that it will be hereat'te
indissoluble. But he cannot perceiv
the necessity or the proppriety o
admitting to a participation in th
work of re-construction a race of mei
just delivered from bondage, ignoranl
debased, and degraded, and utterl
incapable of understanding the sui
ject. So far as his influence an
authority extends, justice will be don
to the liberated slaves; work and wagt
will be provided for them, wit
schools and religious instruction:
none will be allowed to oppress c
injure them in any way; but th
question of aliowing them to vote wi
be left to the decision of the leg;
voters of the respective States. Pres
dent Johuson understands the negr
character, and particularly what kin
of people the liberated slaves of tl
South ate. He will afford thei
every facility for demonstrating to tl
world whether or not they are worth
of becoming citizens, but that will t
the limit of his official action in th
direction.
THE SOUTHERN PEOPLE TO BE RESTO
ED TO THEIR POLITICAL KIO. HTS.
On this point the President's pr
claroation of May '29, providing f
the restoration of civirgovernraent
the State of North Carolina, and i
calling a convention to alter or ame
the Constitutign of that State,
highly 8?gui?icant, because it is t
result of j.he President's d?liberati
o?r the subject, atid it indicates t
J policy that has determined to
i pursue towards all of the Southern
! States. The vagaries and the fine
spun theories of the Qb ar]es Sumner
school of politicians'aro blown awav
with a breath; the fundamental doctrine
that the States have never been out of
the Union, and that there is no power
that can take them out, is plainly
enunciated; and those persons are
regarded as citizens and voters^ and
only those, who were citizens and
voters before the war. The procla?
mation, while it excludes from the
polls all traitors and disloyal per?
sons, in accordance with the terms of
the amnesty proclamation, excludes
also all negroes; and this course will
be followed in the case of all the other
Southern State^ When the constitu?
tional convention assembles in North
Carolina, they will, of course, prescribe
who shall be vote-s in all subsequent
elections in that State.
[New York Herald.
PERSONAL.-General Grant, the day
before lie left tbe Chicago Fair, was
obliged to capitulate to the ladies, who
took him by storm. Mrs. Livermore
said to bini: 'These girls are dying to
kiss you-but they don't dare to do it.'
'Well,' said the gallant Gerjefal, 'if
they want to kiss me, why don't they?
No one has offered to since I have
been here.' Instantly about a hundred
fairies pounced upon him. lie a tr
tempted a retreat, but in vain: he
essayed to break through the ro?y
ranks, without success. Then, for the
first time, he confessed himself van?
quished, and calmly awaited the event.
Never 4was such a man subjected to
such an ordeal. On came the maidens
by squads, in file, or singly; they hit
him ort the forehead, pelted him on the
forehead, pedted him on the nos*,
smacked him on the cheek, chin and
neck. There must be dozens of kisses
lying around loose bidden in the Gene
mi's whiskers. During this terrib'e
ordeal the hero of a.huudred battle?
field* blushed until his face became
almost purple. At last the giris were
parti yt appeased in their 'noble rage,'
and he escaped.
Strtte rights, State sovereignty, and
all that theory of United States Go?
vernment are now exploded. The
question ot the reserved rights of
States has been settled by the stern
arbitrament of anns. The arbitra?
ment is, whether right or wrung, deci?
sive. It ends the controversy. . We,
who are defeated, must yield to the
decision, because we can do nothing
else. We must eotertain no private
enmities against the Federal Govern?
ment, because they will lead us into
treason. We believe it the part of
true1 manliness to yield when hope is
gone, as much as to struggle on while
there is a chant e of success.
It stands on the record at West
Point that neither Grant nor Sherman
were among the 'good boys' of the
Military . Academy, Gen. Sherman
standing No. 142 in the order of good
behavior, and Gen. Grant falling as
low as 147. In scholarship, too,
neither of them attained a place
among the honored five. Sherman,
who stood ll^e first year at No. 9, did,
indeed, graduate at??o. 6, but Grant,
b.'ginning with twentv-turee above
him, rose only at graduation to No. 21.
"Charity," says the London Leader,
is not to be bearded. Pyiul interdicted
hats. Austria has made the Lom?
bards shave. Certain manufacturers
in the North have been forcing thair
men to crop their hair. The Leices
ter Square Soup Society will not grant
relief to those who wear mustachios or
beards. It is evident that institutions
are endangered by hair and hats.
1 Mr. Wm. Bishop withdraws his pro
I position to pay half the Nathmal debt
! lie says the small fish are all bucking
down, and he 'sees no reason why ii?
I shouldn't.'- New Jfavoi -paper.
The Boston Post publishes the fol?
lowing: A large .number of ex-rebel
officers and soldiers are wandering
about our Northern cities io a discon?
solate dort of way, their 'occupation
gone.'
A genLleman met one oUtbem yes?
terday in the street. They had known
each other in the old days, and the
f jllowing conversation ensued:
Rebel Colonel-'Hellao! Jones; b/>w
are you?'
Union Gentleman-*Is that you,
Harry? What are you doing here?
You've no business here; I'll have you
arrested.'
Rebel-(throwing his arms wildly
in the air-Great heavens! where am
I to go? There's no North, no South,
no East, no West for me; where am I
to go? I'm subjugated, whipped,
conquered, am thing you please. I'm
a deuced night better Union man than
you. I'm for Andy Johnson, Lloyd
Garrison, Wendell Phillips, am in
favor of the abolition of slavery and
all that sort of thing.
Union-'Well! I'll have you ar?
rested anyhow. You're a reb?l.'
Rebel-'Arrestedl Look a here
(pulling out a package of papers)
there's twenty oaths I've taken besides
being paroled. Why, I've sworn my?
self into another tophet to get*out of
that infernal Confederacy.- Here's my
brother, who has always been a Union
man, and now furnishes ne with the
funds for speculation, South. I am
going down to Savannah to see if I
can't buy roy farra back again.
Goodbyl* .
The Post has the following on the
'Freedmen' of the South:
The}- are leaving their former mas?
ters by thousands, and ?re swarming
into the-towns and cities of the South;
and with all their exultant conscious?
ness of freedom, they aro still helpless?
ly ignorant of their new privileges
ar,d of the duties that will be required
of them. Plans of reconstruction and
all political questions should be de?
ferred until our Government and the
people have taught the* negro what
it is to be free, and how to provide for
his wants in the transition state. The
black man of the Sourb must learn
that he is a citizen of the Republic,
and he must feel that its strong arm is
always ready to shelter him from in?
justice and outrage.
The darkies at the South no longer
recognize each other as Sambo, Quim?
bo, Jumbo, Sally Ann, Mary Ann^
Dinah, &c; it is Miss Brown, and Mr.
Wise, ?rc. It is amusing to bear their
salutations, as they endeavor to imitate
the forms of fashionable recognition.
I learn from London that eight
thousand nine hundred bales of South?
ern cotton reached British ports during
the week ending June 1st, or equal to
over 12 bales per day. Tbe bulk of
this cotton came from Matamoras.
Why is a drunkard hesitating to
sign the pledge like a sceptical Hin?
doo? Because he is in doubt whether
to give up worship of the JUG OR-NOT.
AMNESTIE
THE TERMS OF PARDON.
Proclamation by the President of the
United States of America.
Whereas the President of the United
States, on the 8th day of December. A. D.
1863, and on the 26th day of March. A. D.
1S64, with the object to suppress the ex?
isting rebellion, to induce all persons to
return to their loynlty and to restore the
authority of the United States, issue pro?
clamations offering amnesty and pardon to
certain persons who h?d, directly or by
implication, participated in the said rebel?
lion; and whereas many persons, who had
so engaged in said rebellion, have, since
the issuance of said proclamation, failed
or neglected to take the benefits offered
t h? re hy; and whereas many persons, who
have been justly deprived of al! claim to
amnesty and pardon thereunder by reason
of their participation, directly or by im?
plication, in said rebellion and continued
hostility to the Government of tho United
States since the date of said proclamation
now desire to apply for and obtain smnes
ty and pardon:
,To the end, tji er ?fore, that the authority
of the Government of the United State?
may he restored, ?nd IhNt pence, order and
freedom may be established, I, Andrew
Johnson. President ot the United State?,
do proclaim and declare ihat T hereby
grant to all persons who have directly or
indirectly participated in the' existing
rebellion, except as hereinafter excepted,
amnesty and pardon, with restoration of
all rights of property, except as to slaves,
slid except in cftses where legal proceed- '
ings, under the laws of the United States
providing for the confiscation of property
of persons engaged in rebellion, have been
instituted, but on the condition, neverthe?
less, th?t every such person shall take and
subscribe the following oath or affirma?
tion, and thenceforward keep and main?
tain enid ?alli inviolate, and which oath
shall be registered for permanent preser?
vation, and shall be of the tenor and effect
following, to wit:
I,-, do solemnly sweat* or
affirm, in presence of Almighty God, that
I will henceforth faithfully support and
defend the Constitution of the United
States and the Union of the States there?
under, and that I will in like manner
abide by and faithfully support all laws
and proclamations which have been made
during the existing rebellion with refer?
ence to tb? emancipation of slaves. So
help me God.
The following class of persons are ex?
empted from the benefits of this procla?
mation:
1st. All who are, or shall have been,
pretended civil or diplomatic officers, or
otherwise, domestic or foreign agents of
the pretended Confederate Government.
2d. All who left judicial stations uuder
the United States to aid in the rebellion.
3d. All who shall have beeu military or
naval officers of said pretended Confede?
rate Government above the rank of colonel
ia the army or lieutenant in the navy.
4th. All who left seats in the Congress
of -tlie United States to aid the rebellion.
5th. All who resigned or tendered resig?
nations of their commissions in the army
or navy of the United States to evade duty
in resisting the rebellion.
6th. All who have engaged in any way
in treating otherwise than lawfully as riri
nnnera of war persona fonnd in t'.ie United
States service, as officers, soldier?, seamen
or in other capacities.
7i.li. AIL persons who hnve been nr are
absentees from the United States tor the
purpose of aiding the rebellion.
8th. All military nnd naval officers in
the rebel service who were ?ducate? by
the Government in the Military Academy
at West Point or the United States Naval
Academy.
9th. All persons who held the pretended
offices of Governor of States in insurrec?
tion against tho United States.
loth. All persons who left their homes
within the jurisdiction and protection of
the United States, and passed bej'ond the
Federal military lines into the so-called
Confederate States for the purpose of aid?
ing the'rebellion.
11th. All persons who have been en?
gaged in the destruction of the commerce
of the United States upon the high seas,
and who have made raids into the United
States from' Canada, or been engaged in
destroying the commerce of the United
States upon the lakes and rivers that sepa?
rate the British provinces from the United
States.
12th. All persons win . the time when
they seek to obtain the benefits hereof by
taking the oath herein prescribed, are iu
military, naval or civil confinement or
cu6tod3T, or under bonds of the civil, mili?
tary or naval authorities .of agents of the
United States, as prisoners of war or per?
sons detained for. offences of any kind,
either before or after conviction.
13th. All persons who have voluntarily
participated in said rebellion, and the esti?
mated value of whose taxable property ii
over twenty thousand dollars.
14th. All persons who have taken th?
oath of amnesty as prescribed in the Pre?
sident's proclamation -of December 8, A
D. 1865, or an oath of al egiance ?to th?
Government of the United'States since tin
date of said proclamation, and who hav?
not thenceforward kept a nd maintaine<
tho same inviolate.
Provided, that special application maj
be made to the President for pinion bj
any person belonging to the excepted
classes, and such clemency will be libe
rally extended as may be consistent witt)
the facts of the case and the peace am
dignity of the United States.
The Secretary of State will establis
rules and regulations for administering an>
recording the said amnesty oath, so as t
insure its benefit to the people and guan
the Government against fraud.
In testimony whereof, I have hereunto sc
my hand and caused the seal of th
United States to be affixed.
Done at the city of Washington, the 29t
day of May, in the year of our Lor
LS65, and of the independence of th
United States thc eighty-ninth.
Ais DRE VV" "OliN'SON.
By thc President:
WM. H." Sj;-v.\r;\ Secretary of State.
June 9