The Columbia daily phoenix. (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1865, May 19, 1865, Image 2
Friday Morning, May 19, 1865.
Chief Justice Chase.
This gentleman, well known ?:s an able
a-id locg experienced politician, nacl nov
Chief Justice of the United States, ii, no
doubt, on a politico-judicial mission. Lie
v iii hardly visit South Carolina as a etu
vJent of the- picturesque, surveying her
?vuins. .Nor is he an idler of any sort.
Whatever significance maj' be found in the
peech .which he recently m ade in Cli~irlos
lon, chiefly, we believe, to a gathering of
The blacks, must lie in a nut-shell. Tode?
lend to such an audience, to the level of
their understandings, must be a work of
embarrassment, and the Chief Justice is,
accordingly, not very perspicuous in his
ideas-or, rallier, he is not wasteful of the
ideas themselves. There are sundry prob
leins, as well in politics as in law and eo
eiety, which are difficult of solution; and,
whether as Chief Justice of thc Suprime
Court, sworn to adjudicate in accordance
.with the Constitution, or as a special mis?
sionary on the part of Government, his
posilion is one not calculated to prompt
nny very free or clear exposition of.li is
own or the views of Government on anv
subject. He ta rather tentatively tlian
demonstratively employed. Addressing's
congregation of negroes, he desires to sec
?very man, whatever his color, enjoy Iiis
natural rights; so say we. But the natural
rights of a man must depend upon his in?
tellectual and moral development.-;. Thur-:
ire no rights of man which are arbitrary
>r unconditional. All are conditioned
Inder the laws of Cod and society. We
?eed not pursue in detail thc generaliza?
tions about war and peace, and freedom
ind class, with which this speech abounds.
Thc gist of his address to the negroes lies
in the sentence which demands of the rene
what it is capable to do. Well, on tins
subject, the Yankees have refused all evi?
dence on the part of the whites of the
South. We shall see the evidence of time
ind experience; but at what terrible cn<i!
The Chief Justice has his misgivings. He
says:
The)- say that you will be disorderly,
shiftless, lazy; that you will starve rather
than work; that wages cannot tempt you |
to work; that you will, become thievish
vagabonds. So your enemies say; so, too,
ii great man)' people that are not your
.nemies seriously lear.
It is for you tu show whether it shall be
?o or not. You need not, in ihemeantirne,
be particularly anxious what people sny
about you. Show that you will be honest,
pmperate, industrious and faithful in your
'tnployments; that you are ready to do
?oiiest, w?>rk for honest wages;' be econo?
mical; lay upa portion of every day's or
every month's earnings in some savings
bank for yourselves and family fora rainy
day. Do everything in your p'ower to
increase the products of the country;
doing this with all yoiir might, you will
save" yourselves and reflect credit upon
those who have been your friends.
God forbid that before I die 1 shall le
obliged to hang my head, and say, I ex?
pected a great deal of this pc-cple, be?
lieved them to be honest, industrious and
orderly, and I find 1 have been mistaken;
that'they allowed miserable prejudices 4to
grow up amongst them; that they permit?
ted themselves to be controlled by vin?
dictiveness of feeling; that they were
unwilling to labor for their living.
lie adds-and here we suspect that his
audience grew incredulous, it not drowsy
-"for, after al!, labor must be the car?
dinal law of your Jives;" and he exhorts
them to go to work, be honest, industri?
ous, sober, diligent, moderate -in expecta-.
tion, indefatigable in effort, prudent in
aim, and circumspect _in performance.
Very good advice, no doubt, and such as
would be very well given to niue tenths of
the white populations of the world. The
?nore substantial meanings of this speech
iie in the following paragraphs, which have
their warnings as well as counsels, and
leave Cuffee somewhat in doubt ns to
what is to be done with him, after all, in
his progress to liberty, equality and
glory
Having nothing to do with politics, I
am not prepared to say what will be the
action of the Government. I am no longer
iii its counsels, and, therefore, do not know
what. it. is prepared to de. 1 will only sny
t'tiis: J believe there is not a member of
the Government, who would not he pleased
to 8?-e universal suffrage. Lut I am not
ready to say that the Government will
now establish universal suffrage. This I
do know: if you are patient und constant?
ly show by your acts that you merit the 1
right of suffrage, that you can safely bi
trusted wiih it, ihat ii your hands it will
i>e on the side of order and liberty and
education, reasoning upon general princi?
ples, 1 can safely say you will get the
?lective trune!'. iso ic a very short period.
I tragt it will not find you unprepared.
But respect yourselves and respect the
rights of all, and do your very best to
show that you arc, each and nil of you,
worthy io have it. You cannot got it hy
threats or inisbebnvior. You eau get it
bv patience and perseverance in well
doing.
Now, if the Government of the United
States, taking eveTyth?ns? into considera?
tion, shall not think it proper to ctn oil all
the colored men as citizens a- d voters,
what is yorir duty? To fret, and worry
about il? I think not. If 1 vcio in your
case. I would go to work and show that
the United States Government was mis?
taken in making the delay. If yon show
that, the mistake will be corrected.
T think it Ibo best, plan for all men,
white nnd black, that every man who is
honest and of due ?ire shall have the right
of suffrace. Havimr it, he will respect
himself the more, will do more productive
labor, and will add more wealth to the
community. He will receive the respect
of his fellow-men, and the socio!y com?
posed of such men is always great Btu.
if thc Government think differently nnd
circumstances delny its action, I advise
you to be patient, calm and industrious.
From Charleston.
Wo have the Charleston Courier, of the
11th mid 13th, which wo owe to thc cour
tosv of Mi-. Augustus Trum bo. The paper
of the ??{th we have already" had. That
of the 11th supplies some deficiencies in
our information, and from this we gather
a few items. It appears that a public
meeting was to take place on -that day, at
Hibernian Hall. The call of the Courier
upon citizens to attend fe very earnest.
"Immediate measures," says the editor,
"must be taken to have the State of South
Carolina represented ot [in^ the National
Congress. We want city organization; we
want State organization. Let a City and
Stale Government, he established at once,
in order to- promote tho best interests of
individuals and the community." Men of
intelligence, to address the meethig, are
promised as forthcoming.
TbePev. Alex Marshall, of Charleston,
having taken the oath of allegiance to the
United States Government; and pledged
Mmself to conduct the services in a tova'
manner, is allowed to re open St. Jolie1 ?
Chapel.
THINGS IN NO KT II C A COLINA.- We leam
from tlie Courier, of the 12th, that the
army of Gen. Schofield remains in Nortl
Carolina, nnd that this General is now
virtually Military Governor of that State,
She cannot lake her place in the old Unioi
sb long as she is under control of the bayo
net ; Gen. Schofield has issued orders in
forming thc people that, under the l'resi
dent's proclamation, ali the negroes nr<
freed, and that it will be thc duty of hi:
army to maintain their freedom. Ile ad
vises their employment as hired laborer
to their former masters. The planters, i
is said, are complying with these Condi
tious, and employing these negroes oi
wage?. If the negroes will work .vitbon
discipline save that induced hy their owi
morel, the scheme may answer; but if tlf
planter is required to keep, and feed, am
clothe, and physic, and pay the losse
for the lazy, he is a gone coon, and th
sooner he comes down from the tree, th
better for his finances. We augur nothinj
but ruin for owner and slave under th
new conditions; bur let both parties try i
.if they will. The doom and desolatio
are inevitable.
For two days, the Courier tolls us, ther
havo been long, sessions of the Cabine
engaged in considering the question <
throwing open the whole South to con
mercial enterprise, removing all restrii
lions upon ports and territory. * All til
members of the Cabinet, except one, ai
in lavor of doing so; and in deference <
him, the question is deferred to alioth*,
session. We may assume that the restri
lions will he soon removed, for the tradir
policy of thc North is a paramount infli
ence, which will stifle all opposition.
The Courier tells us. that George ?
Sanders and Beverley Tucker have issu<
a eeeond publication, in which they chan
Andrew Johnson with "the hellish plot'
murder I'resident Lincoln." They profe
their willingness to be tried, under tl
President's charges, if they are quarante*
protection.
Two oilieers of thc'Confed?rale -Stat
army, arriving at one of the Chariest?
hotels, registered their names with ' t
affix of "C. S. A.," at which the Courier
Very indignant. And yet this was on
honest dealing. Had they not done i
they might have been denounced and i
spisod for attempting a mean conc-ahn-'
of thc truth.
Genoral Johnston's Manifeste.
We are, in receipt of the original of'the
j manifesto which follows, from thc hands
of General Johnston. It'so clearly pre
sents the condition of things under which
he acted, and so completely justifies his ,
action, that, hereafter, atl cavilling, if there
had be-?n any before, must be fully si?
lenced; and every doubt, touching the
propriety of his conrse, must beset at rest
forever. Mr. Davis, w ith a portion of his
Cabinet, as we are told, was present, and
fully concurred in the original' terms I
agreed upon hy Generals Sherman, and
Johnston, but which were afterwards re.
pvidiated by the President of the United
Sta'cs. It is the -n dit that the army of
Tennessee got no portion of the pol.lie
treasure; and a large proportion cf them
had bc"n serving for two years without
pay. The treasure taken off hy Mr. Davis
is said to have been finally distributed
among his escort when he dismissed them
from farther attendance upon him-if, in?
deed, he ever did dismiss them. On this
score, there ar? several conflicting Re?
-counts in the details which have reached
us. If he did dismiss his escort, his plait
was to divert the attention of his pursu?
ers from himself to his escort, seeking b?3
safety alone, or with only a few attend?
ants, in another direction. But, then, we
have a report of a bloody conflict imme?
diately preceding his capture, in which
many were shun on both sides.
In returning to the letter of General
Johnston, which is meant, for the people of
the territory over which his command ex
'tended, we have onlv to congratulate the
country in the possessiofl o'f a groat cap?
tain, at such a juncture, distinguished by
so much wisdom, moderation and* a just
regard to humanity. No other course
could have been pursued by any states?
man:
CHARLOTTE, May ft. 1SC5.-?lavin? made
a- military convention with Maj.? Gen.
Sherman to terminate hostilities in North
and South Carolina, Georgia and Florid:),
it seem* to me proper to chow to the peo?
ple of these States the conditiou of mili?
tary affairs which rendered thut measure
absolutely, necessary. Un the 26th of
April, thc day of the convention, bv the
returns of the three Lieutenant-Generals
of the army of Tennessee, (that under my
"command,) the number 01 infantry nnd
artillery present 8nd aDsent wa? 70,510;
the number present 18,578; the effective
total or fighting force was 1 -i. 17y. Lieut.
Gen. Hampton's )a<t return that I cati rind
was dated April 7. wheji his effective total
of cavalry was ,'i,44o. But between tht
7th and 20th, it was much reduced by th?
effects of event:-, in Virginia and appre?
hension of surrender, lu South Cari.lina
we had Young's division of cavalrv, (!esi
than 1,000.) besides Reserves an J stat?
troops: together, munji inferior to th?
Federal force in that State, la Florina
we were relatively a* weak. In Georgia
our inadequate force had been captured ii
Macon. In Lieut. Gen. Taylor's depart
nient, lhere were no menus of opposing
tli-?; formidable anny under Gen Can by
winch had taken Mobile; nor the cavalry
under Gen. Wilson, which had capture?
every other place of military important
West of Augusta. Trie hitler had beei
stopped at Macon by the armistice, as Wi
had been near. Greensboro- But its dis
tauce from Augusta being less tiian hal
ours, that place was in its power. T
carry on the war, therefore, we had t<
depe"'jl on the army of Tennessee alom.
The United Slates could have brough
against it twelve or filteeii times its num
ber in the armies of Generals Grant
Sherman and Cunby. With such odd
against us-without the means of procui
ing ammunition vf repairing arms-willi
out money 01 credit, to provide food-i
was impossible to continue the war e>
cept ns robbers. The only consequence
of prolonging the struggle would hav
been the destruction ?>f our remnant ot a
army-the best and bravest men who lia
served the Confederacy--and great, suffei
ing of women and children by the desok
tion and min inevitable from the mar-bin
of 200,000 men through the country.
Having failed :u an attempt to mak
terms giving security to citizens nu well 1
soldiers, J hud to choose between brinkin
the evils of war wantonly upon those
bad been chosen to defend, and avertit)
those calamities with the confession th;
hopes were dead, which every thinkil
Southern man had already lost. I ther
fore stipulated with (Jen. Sherman for tl
protection of tho true and brave men d
pendent on me, oti terms which also te
minatcd hostilities in all the country ovi
which our commands extend-and a
uouneed it to your Governor b'y telegra'j.
- as follow*!:
"Thc disaster in Virginia, the captu
by. the enemy of all our work ?.hops 1
preparing ammunition or repairing arms
the impossibility of recruiting our litt
army, opposed to more than ten times i
number, or of supplying it, except by ro
bing our own citizens, destroyed all ho
of successful war-I have, therefore, ma
a military convention with Major Genet
Sherman to termina? ? hostilities jn Xor
j and South Carolina, Georgia and Florid
i I made th:M convention to spa:e tho bloi
of thia gallant little army-lo prevent
farther suffering of our peop'e by the.de
vastation and min inevitable from the
marches of invading armies, and to avoid
the crime of waging a hopel*??? war."
J. E. JOHNSTON.
L~x Gov. AIKEN.-It appears from the
Courier that ex-Gov. Aiken has been ar?
rested and Bent on to Washington in
limbo. Ile is not charged with being a
oonspirn'or, and leagued with the assas?
sins of Lincoln. Ile is only-charged with
being a speculator, and leagued with thc
blockade lunners, having, it is alleged,
furnished thc funds for that business. . If
this is to he held a State offence, the cri?
minals will be numerous enough, and the
work of confiscation-for that is the end
aimed at-wijl always strike at tho corpu?
lently rich people. Happy he "who labors
under the imputation of poverty. When,
in the time of Sylla. a certain very rich
man-we forget his name, and our ribrnty
has gone the way of all ashes-beheld his
nnmo written on the list of the proscribed,
lie took to his heels, crying out, "2>?y Alban
villa pnrsues me.'' His Alban villa was
tiie cynosure of a thousand loyalists, who,
being flooded with patriotic s????t?nients
yet lacked a little in landed property/. Let
the rich teware. Let the tallest poppies
hide their heads, and become as obscure ns
possible^
A communication in the Charleston
Courier, signed J. 1'-, discusses the condi?
tion of things and the essential necessity
of restoring the State to the Union ns soon
as possible. He objects to the word recon?
struction, ns the Union, being the result of
a permanent compact, could not be dis?
solved. He is "in favor of restoring the
old status of the Stales, by electing men
who will take the oath of allegiance in
goerd faith and ignore secession; the State
and municipal laws in reference to ?lavery,
of course, to be suspended, subj ect to the
decision ?>f the Supreme Court and the
laws of Congress.1' There is much that is
latent in all this, which might have been
suggested from Washington.
The War Department of the United
States Government lins issued orders for
the preparation of six hundred thousand
blank dischanr.es for.the ?oldiers of thc
army. This not only reveals the immense
force which they had in thc field at the
end of the war, but the large seale of dis?
bandment which is to follow. It v/ill need
some foreign employment to keep from
mischief at home this immense number of
restless and otherwise unemployed per?
sons.
The Confederate rum, the Webb, com?
manded by Capt. Reed, mad-; a desperate
attempt at escape from the Mississippi,
which was almost successful. lint finding
his efforts vain, the captain yin his vessel
ashore and fired it. She was destroyed
beyond recovery. A portion of her crew
escaped in the swamps; the captain and a
part of his followers were captured and
conveyed to New York.
Booth, it is now stated, bad the commis?
sion of a lieutenant-colonel under the (?i
vernment of the Confed?rale States. The
Northern parers have found some curious
coincidences in his career to ifs finish. It
appears that he was shot in the''same
region of the head in which he shot Lin?
coln, and that he died at the very hour
and moment-viz: twenty-two minutes
past 7 o'clock-at which his victim died.
Here, then, is a subject upon which the
psychologist may meditate, but he should
teed himself on lenten diet bettye lie at?
tempts the wondrous problem.
We are tolo that tho emancipated ne?
groes freely make off with the horse? and
mules of their owners-which is, we sup?
pose, one of tho privilege* of their novel
freedom; for it meets with no rebuke-no
gentle bini of offence-"i. tlie part, of
those editors who tell of it. It is only a
spoiling of the Egyptians.
-
The (hnriir says "it is thought that
Bragg and Hampton accompanied Davis
in hie flight-the latter in command o?
his escort." Bnt here we know better.
Edward C. Th arin is appointed inspec?
tor of flour and meal at Charleston, and
Claience C. Levy gauger of liquors, mo?
lasses and spirits.
Booth's body' has been so made away
with that its place of sepulture or conceal?
ment remains (indiscoverable. This pre?
caution has been taken by the authorities
at Washington lest lhere should be swarms
of enthusiasts, who, regarding him as n
martyr to freedom, should seek for a relic
at his grave.
Tjooal ^3Zt:oi3aL?S.
The offi?e of" tho Columbia /'Acrn? ie
on Gates'atrect. second door from 1'lnin.
P^'PERSONAL.-All subscribers to the
Phoenix whose subscriptions h?ve ex
pired, will please come forward and
renew, in specie or provisions; otherwise
their papers will he stopp? d.
(J^" We wish it distinctly utid-rstood
tliat our terms are cx*h. No advoitisc
ments will, therefore, he inserted unies"
paid for in advance.
Wc preset.t the following schedule of
rates, in the ease of the most ol?viou* eon.
modities. F-jr one month's subscription
to the Phatrix, we will receive cither ti
the followine, viz:
1 bushel corn. 1 ?bush, peas or potato? 1
5 pounds butter. 20 lbs. flour.
7 '. lard. ? ih*. candles.
7 " bacon. t> qt?, riee.
8 dozen-ecss. 4.head ot chickens.
Wood, vegetables and provisions guttu?
rally received nt fair market rates ap?
proaching the specie standards.
FHOM THE INTERIOR-People from the
interior tow' ? are utiiving in the city
every day. They r<-prosenl that the feel
i ri ir in thc country is decidedly favornbli
towards having th..- State represented at
the National Congress at Washington ?rt
the next ?ess'ion. 'fhe citizens are not
wholly salisii.-d with the rebel Governor
Mngrath's proceed ure'; and*are inclined io
the impression that, hud he exerted him
Self ns he should have don'e. State matters,
might have been hi a much better condi?
tion than they now are. All are anxious
to have the communications opened v. ?th
Charleston. Many of the people i;o*.ir
living in the country were formerly resi?
dents of this city, and, in numerous in?
stances, their household effects are still
here. They are desirous of being where
ti?ev cnn ie?--ive thc protection ol !!.<:
United Stales Government. Travelers
reach. here by ail softs of moans; some
coir.c in Vehicles, others walk: at at:y rate,
all. it appears, nr.- determined to get heie
in some way. There continues to be a
scarcity of substantial provisions iu the
large to .cns.- Charlestou Courier.
A PCBLIC MEETING IS SAV/SSAH.-Thc
following call for a public meeting ap?
pears in the Savannah Herald, of the Sib:
"We, tho undersigned, respectfully re?
commend to un- fellow-citizens of the
County of Chatham to asset'able in County
meeting, ?ti the city of Savannah, nt the
Exchange, on Tuesday, the uih inst., at il
o'clock, for the purpose of devising some
practicable moue of ascertaining the views
of the people ns lo the speediest pian ot
restoring the State to her original condi?
tion in the Union, and to provide :or iii?:
assembling of a convention of the iv Ute
people of Georgia at some suitable time
and pl-ice for that purpose."
The above call is signed by over '!'<>) ul
the oldest, best known nnd iiiflue'ntihl cit i
zens ot Savannah, seule. 1 by Mayor Ar?
nold. N". B. Knapp, Wwi. JJ. Hodgson, et?.
An ord.-r from Gen. Halleck allows all
person?, wit bout regard lo rank or HU.
ployment in the civil or military set .-iee
of the, late rebel Government, lo take ti,,,
amnesty oath, mid will iee.-ive the corr?-?
ponding oort ?ti cute. These excluded from
the benefit ?>f ?ii 'i an oath'can make ap?
plication for pardon mid restoration t?>
civil rights, which application will be re?
ceived and forwarded to proper channels
for the notion ot the President of the
United States. The fact that such persons
have voluntarily com.- forward nnd taken
the oath of allegiance will be evidence of
theil intention tb resume the stains ol
loyal citizens, and constitute a el-mu for
Executive clemency. ^
Harried,
On the 14th tr^t.. bv Rev. J. S. Connor
Dr. GEO lt GE W. HARNETT to Mrs!
ELIZABETH B. CARSON, nil ef St. Mat?
thew's Parish.
AUCTION SA LKS.
Zealy, Scott & Bruma
WILL sell. THTS DAV, at 10 o'clock, op.
posite their Wareroom, Assembly st ree ,
SilverWaro. Furniture, Clothing. Crock
erv. Kitchen Utensils. Colton Cards. Shoe
Thread, Augfirs, Plane-. Gliisejs, Com?
passes. 4c; Tinwar*-Buckets, Kettle?,
Fans, Cans, Coffee Pots, Lanterns, Baking
Pans, ?c.
ALSO,
100 lb?. Potash, 100 lbs. Black Lend, 2
Wagon (..'overs. 1 C?T; enter's TOO' Cilest
AT PRIVATE SALE,
Bacon, Lard, Molasses, ?c. Unlimited
articles received np to hour of sale. T-irnif
cash. Mnv LO 1 "
. Lost or Stolen.
OME Urge red BUFFALO COW. with
left eye sore; also, one red "DEVON
COW-was dry when she left my house,
but may possibly have situe lind a calf.
When last seen, they were in the neigh?
borhood of tho Race Creek. - A reward < !
fifty pounds of bacon will he paid for
their return to me. or for snob information
as will lend to their recovery.
may 19 1?_THOMAS R. SHARP.
IWILL be found in the South Carolina
College buildings, iu the Library, fron.
10 a. m. to 12 m.
M ay 4 J AM ES D. TR ALF. W E LL