Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

:% 1 J VOL. IX.?New Series. ' UNION C. II., SOUTH CAROLINA; JANUARY 18, 1878. ^ NUMBER 3 VETERINARY ADVICEFoundered Horses.?A horse badly foundered, could scarcely walk for two weeks, but has largely improved without treatment by going barefooted iu wet slough.? W. D. Keep hiui unshod, but cut off any undue length of toe, let him walk mainly on his heel. Apply the following around tho top of tho hoof aud for two iuchcs upward :? Powdered cantharidcs, J dr.; camphor, 10 grains; alcohol, 3 ok. llub this well in, aud repeat it daily until the skin gets tender and scabs form. Suspend until tho scabs fall off ancl then reapply tho lininjcnt.? Keep the horse as much as possible in the ^ _ elough. Of if this cannot bp diuie. . ' Tect occasionally for an hour ?t a time in tonid water and then smear them?wall. 6olc and frog?with the following : Wood tar, G oz.; yellow wax, 1 oz.; mutton fat G oz.; tnclt over a slow fire, and stir well while cooling. Overloading of the stomach is tho most common cause of fouudcr in localities whore hard work and liberal feeding is the rulo. Lost appetite.?A mare since an attack, of colic has proved dumpish and refused to eat more than half feeds of grain, when ' kept at work cats rather better than when idle, and takes grass aud hay very well.? I. H. M. The colic has evidently partaken of the nature of inflammation and has left effects which may or may not be remediable. In such eases fibrou#; bauds arc sometimes formed, which hamper tho movements oP tho bowels, impair digestiou, and predispose to future attacks of colic. These canrrot be remedied. In other cases the lining membranc.of the bowels, and even of the stomach becomes the seat of a chronic catarrhal inflammation which greatly impairs digestion and causes loss of appetite and condition. In this state the dung is likely to be passed in a partially digested state, and perhaps with au occasional film of mucus, and sourish odor. Feed mainly grass with ground oats, a handful of linseed cake daily, and carrots nnd turnips if available.? <)ivc daily two dracluns ground gentian ; one drachm cascarilla; ten grains mix vomica, and one drachm white bismuth. Place a piece of salt ill the manger to be licked at will, and give regular exercise and good grooming. If the dung smells sour add one ouuee calcined magnesia daily to the food. "" TSCltA Times rm Ouk.vsk.?The causes or scratches aro all agencies that induce irritation in the skin of the heels and pastern ; standing in wet straw-yards, among decomposed mauurc or its liquid dminings; standing with wet, muddy limbs after work ; standing in snow or snow water; currents of cold air striking on the heels ; irritant ammoniacal fumes from decomposing duug or urine ; washing the heels with caustic soap; the irritatiou caused by parasites on the heels; working on roads where the limbs sink in deep mud, or spatter it over them ; the irritation cause-I by the short, bristly hair after the heels have been clipped ; Ctunllojl 1o.ro no lioorl Kif Innr# otnrvil'itu* in UU UIIUU o ' UOV.U UJ lUli^ OltlllVIIII^ ill deep litter ; by weakness of the circulation, diseased heart, liver, or kidneys, or by sprains or other injuries to the limbs ; irritation of the skin in connection with heating lbod and lack of exercise; and finally some unknown and constitutional lendenoy may all in different cases become causes of scratches. In seeking Ji cure, the first thing is to ascertain the active cause of the disease and remove it. In the great majority of eases this will be a local irritant; but whatever it is, its discovery and abatement is essential to a permanent cure. Next attention must Ijc given to soothe the irritated skin; and when there is much heat and tenderness, a poultice may be necessary. A linseed meal poultice, with a weak solution of sugar of lead poured over its surface, will be as good as any. When heat and tenderness have been subdued, any free discharge (grease) may be checked by wrapping in cloths, wet * with a solution of sulphate of zinc, half a drachm of chloral-hydrate, and live ounces of glycerine, in a quart of water. When the discharge has ceased, and there remains but the somewhat raw, scabby eruption, smear daily with bruzoutcd oxide of zinc ointment.?jV. J. Tribune. ? TiieCiiufa, or Eautii Almond.?The 1 : ill 1 a i la..' ii.. cuitiv?iiiuii ui mis |iiciii( , kiiuwu uouiiuuiiii^ as the n/jtcrus csculenfits, is of sonic interest to our readers. Its introduction is of recent date and the general report of those who have planted seed during the past year is very favorable. The chufa is undoubtedly adapted to our latitude and climate. It is very prolific, so much so, that several bushels can he raised from a small quantity of seed. The cultivation, W2 are informed, is not more expensive than that of peanuts. The tubers are very pleasant to the taste and arc rccoinincded by those familiar with the subject, as an excellent s ? crop for hogs. Small quantities of seed have been distributed by the Agricultural Bureau at Washington. One of our subscribers in llobeson county, who has experimented during the past year thinks that wit h proper cultivation, and with comparatively small expense he can raise I<M> bushels per acre. We advise our readers to plant seed of the .'earth almond" during the present year. THE FUTURE OF COTTON IN THE CAROLINES. The cultivation of cotton iu the Caroliuns for several years past has bccu attended with little profit. Instances uiny be cited where individuals have been successful, but these irstances are rare. Geuerally the cultivation has been curried on under a * high pressure system by use of expensive fertilizers and by pcrilliug the landed and personal property of the farmer. Too little atteutiou has bccu paid to tho permanent < improvement of the soil. The natural con- i sequence is that the soil is becomiug exhausted by thij expensive and hazardous tillage. A disastrous crop year brings ruin to thousauds of farmers. Credit has beep""' iS-u'.tUfpirfl'l -j" fill-in in tr f-m.nmiuieiarJy that those ".farmers who'have accumulated]! money, deposit it in banks where the use of it is enjoyed almost exclusively by merchants. Tho only way in which farmers are benefitted by the capital of the country is in supplies advanced by their factors at , 11i<r 11 r:?tn? nF infnrnah llninnctAmla nnA ? -Q-. V. .W.V.VW*. ?.VM.VW?VUUW UI1U personalty exemptions have rendered ucecs- i sary the enactment of laws for the protcc- i tion of factors who make advances. The credit of the farmer who mortgages his crop i is necessarily confined to his factor. Credit, ( even with the protection of a crop lien, is | generally hazardous, and the rate of iuter- . est charged is necessarily high. We yen- ( turc the opinion that nine-tenths of the i farmers are opposed to paying more than 8 per cent, for the loan of money. It is among j this class that usury laws find their sturdiest < defenders, yet farmers Uuhesitatingly con- , (raot debts for supplies at higher rates of interest than uro paid by any other cla:& of people. The farmer, perhaps unwittingly, pays from 20 to 25 per ceut. for credit on advances made on his crop, while he would i refuse to pay more than 8 per ceut. for loau i of money. By our expensive system of cultivating ( cottou our farming communities arc yearly i depleted of capital which is seeking a safe , investment elsewhere. Farmers arc in , debt. Judgments, mortgages and crop licus i are hanging threateningly over them. In- ] stances where individuals have grown suddenly rich afford no evidence of general prosperity. Under the present system cot- j ton does not pay. While prices ruled high, , its cultivation was a great success. Noth- i ing short of desperation is it to persist in i any busiuess where experience tells of loss. Unless wo immediately adopt a line of pol- i 111 ttile iirottor, ncoccclvj ? ill %k. i cultivation of cottou to sections where it 1 more naturally belongs. If the farmers of ? the Carolinas will realize and practice the ; necessity of raising their own supplies, then we believe cotton culture will be a blessing; otherwise it will continue to be a hazardous business aud fraught with ruin to thousauds of our. citizens. The cry so frequently heard of paying too high for labor is perhaps true, but the main trouble consists in paying too high for credit. Labor is as cheap to-day iu the Carolinas as in any portion of t|>e South, while the rate of interest charged,- and perhaps necessarily so, is higher than that paid in any other partof the. world. Uuless we cultivate our own breadstuffs, and adopt a belter and less expensive system of tillage, the future of cotton in the Caroliuas is not eucouraging.? Carolina Farmer. f Phosphate Flolr and German Kainit.?Week before last we suggested to farmers the economy of using the Phosphate Flour, German Kainit aud Laud Plaster, in compost, instead of buying the more costly Super-Phosphates. The following, from *1A _ J T..* II! 1* I n me ^vuuerson jiucingcncer, iurmsnes i?r- | tlier information on this subject: "Farmers, now is the time to prepare to make up your compost heaps. A Georgia farmer says : 'J>o not waste your cotton seed by putting it upon your laud in a raw state, when, by composting it with stable manure, phosphate flour and a small amount of German kaiuit, one pound will go as far as ten pounds applied in a green state.' The phosphate flour can be obtained from the manufactory in Charleston at about 810.50 per ton, and is the basis of nearly all the superphosphates now sold as fertilizers, and is superior to the acid phosphate, and not near so costly. A few farmers in this County ordered a car load last spring for composting, and are well pleased with the experiment, and expect to try it again, when they will have a longer time for the compost heap to mature itself. One ton of phosphate flour, one ton cotton seed arid one ton stable manure, with two hundred pounds of German kainit. properly composted, will make three tons of fertilizer at a cost of 812 per ton not inferior to that which costs you 8 Id per ton at the factory." To Hamsii Hats.?Huts can be banished by covering the lloor near the rat hole with a thin layer of moist caustic pota3h. W hen the rats walk on this it makes their feet soro. These they lick with their tongues, which makes their mouths sore, and the result is that they not only shun this locality, but appear to tell all the neighboring rats about it, and eventually the house is entirely abandoned by them. Woman's Wit.?"See here, wife, you indulge that hoy too much. He's a perfect mule." "Oh, husband, please don't accuse ) our poor hoy of having an ass for a father." i The old gentleman was silent. I ' THE TEA PLANT. , The Unitod States Commissioner of Ag riculture, General Lc Due, is alivo to th< fact that farmers arc not careful, thought ful and methodical enough, and rely tot much upon the habits and maimers tha have couic down perhaps from a long lint of ancestors. lie knows they*too frequent ly fail to calculate tho cost of growing ? crop, aud perhaps ucvcr kuow till the cm of tho year whether a crop has or has uoi any net money iu it. He is therefore par ticularly anxious to test a variety of vegc tables and plauts in different latitudes, anc learn whether or not they would not b< more profitable as crops than those now cut Sb"**;i?i 'if ? * fc' introduce tue tea plaut into r?ouiii"NCTOTiiw and thinks that if our people nrc'rcally a: poor as tliey say they are, the tea plain might supplant many of the roses aud ever greens seen iu tho front of most of oui dwellings; for while these latter simplj please the eye or refresh tho olfactories the former, if cultivated properly, would bt made to help the pocket. No one receives material payment for cul tivating flowers, aud it is quite an cxpensi n ml .wl ..II . .. V* II.WV1 J UUVA I1VUVU Mil V ? V.I UUUI II VjUl U liua those grand and beautiful old flowei gardens, which were so handsome in uh(> bcllum times, are uow frequently givcu uj to weeds and briars. It would not be so with the tea plant; foi after a year or two, it would become : soureo of profit, and this profit would iu crcaso anuually. At present the United States arc import iug annually several millions of dollars worth of Chinese teas, and they are all more or less, so medicated that, 'tis?nid the original grower could scarcely rjjcog nizc the beverage if ho were to quaff it it America. If South Carolina wore half a; devoted to tea culture as she is to the cul lure and improvement of cotton, then could be millions of dollars worth of tcf grown and sold in this State annually; ant that, too, by the intelligent, industrious lovely South Carolina women. Only thiuk what we arc losing by our ignorance. (jcucral Lc Due has received valuable information upon this subject from Mr James Edward Calhoun, ot Abbeville county, S. C., who for years has grown the tes plant, and drunk it pure and unadulterated Mr. Calhoun writes him the fruit of tlu tea plant is a ear.sule, the hull of which lias nr-my ot-'-Trc-j .xtfymaa This is another valuable discovcr^anci should make us more anxious all over tlu South to iutroduco the culture of the tc:i plant. About two thousand plants have tliisfal been sent into South Carolina by the Com missioner, and it is about all lie had. He is preparing to have a million plants read) by next fall, and if the parties to whom he lias sent these plants in South Carolina will aidjiiui in his ciTorts, and report, as prom ised, their success with tKc plants giver them, lie anticipates that in a few years lie will bo able to have the tea prepared foi market, with much profit, in several por lions of the State. .His idea is to induce tho cultivation oi the plant at many points aud when tho area becomes large enough then to establish in some central point, per haps Columbia, tho manufacture of the incr chantablc article. ' We sincerely hope the parties to wliou these plants havo beeu sent will bestov more than ordinary care upon them, and a the proper time report their success to th< department. General Lc Due is also very anxious t< subject the sweet potato (yam) to chcmica analysis, with a view to test whether or no it would be a profitable business to engagi in the manufacture of sugar from the yam Millions of dollars' worth of sugar arc niadi annually by the French and by the Cana dians on this side of the Atlantic, from the beet, and |f the palate is qualified to judg; it can bear testimony to the superior sweet ness of the yam over the beet. We have written to a friend to send a few yams t< the department, and we will watch will much interest the result of this urinalysis and repor it. There is now i " C(nn (.pon sugar and every lump a. j l',c Parcu more than it s. ?/ the necessi ty and advisability of just such experiment! as arc proposed to be made at the depart ment. The object is to learn if wo c-tuno manufacture sugar to export, and proven the necessity of any importation. Let ti hold up the Commissioner's hand in his ef forts. - . Nkiuai.oia ami Hiikumatism? very simple relief for neuralgia is to hoi I small handful of lobelia in half a pint o water till the strength is out of the herL then strain it off and add a teaspoonful o lino salt. Wring cloths out of the liquii as hot as possible and spread over the par affected. It acts like a charm. Chang uie cioiiis as soon as cold till the pain is al gone; then cover the place with a soft, dr covering till all perspiration ivV/f r, so a to prevent taking cold. Rheumatism oa often be relieved hy application tothcpaii i'ul j?arts of cloths wet in a weak solntioi of sal-soda in water. If there is inflaii mation in tlio joints, ?ho euro is very <piiol the wash needs to he lukewarm.? C'"< CotiHlri/ (h ijl, mnv. HOW FARMERS SHOULD EDUCATE THEIB ^ SONS. Tho general practico in the South among farmers is to give their sons a classical edu} cation, fitting them for the professions "of L Jaw, uicdicinc and divinity, to tho neglect , 6f the practical sciences. The natural con* sequence is that tho land is tilled with poorly { paid doctors and prst^crs, and second rate i lawyers. The fartmB^ interests of the ^ coilntry aro coufidcugcncally to those whose education has been neglected. The teudency of this pernicious system is to I create among the educated youth of the , land a contempt for any business that re** quires manual labor to sustain it. Install^ ^ccs arc rare where ^'oung uioa adfyrt nicchau- . ^ While our country is sadly in need of t skilled libor, our schools aro turning out annually fresh supplies of professional uien . who expect 10 live upon tnc labor 01 others. What the South needs is a change, a thor' ougk, radical change, in her educational sys' tcui. Wo need mechanics, miners, engineers and educated farmers. Our couutry needs development, but this , development will never be attained by cou^ lining the attention of young mcu to the j. study of classical literature, to the neglect ? of mathematics and natural science. The educated Carolinian frequently knows more of Horace's Art of Poetry than of guiding r the plough or harvesting a crop. He is t better acquainted with the Sabine form of the heathen poet than with that of his father who has by a life of toil accumulated means to educate him We do not decry a > study of the dead languages, but we de decry the practice of giving an ornamental ' education the prcferancc over that which ' so nearly concerns the prosperity of our country. Life is too short to attempt to teach a man everything. Practical education is what wo need. This is what the , South needed before the laic war and what t she needs now. Tho want of skilled labor j is not owing to a want of intellect among our people. It isldue to that pernicious system of education which allures the young from the plow, the loom ami the , workshop, to the already crowded fields of professional life.? Carolina Fanner. MAXIMS ON THE HORSE. i 1. Let your colt be domesticated and live . with you from his tendcrest age, and, when > a horse he will be simple, docile, faithful, i and inured, to haVdstoips and fatigue. u-q- <?. i *iy.a? ynir t?>n.u 1 tbcm in a loud tone of voice; do not get > angry with them, but kindly reprove their i faults; "tiny will do better thereafter, for they understand the language of man and I its meaning. 3. If you have a long day's journey bc: fore you, spare your horse at the start; let him frequently walk to recover his wind.? > Continue this until he baa sweated ' and 1 dried three times, and you may ask of him . whatever jot please, lie will not leave you i ill iliHifiillv ? 4. Observe your horse when he is drinkr ing ?t a brook. If in bringing down his - head ho remains .square, without bending ) bis limbs, he possesses sterling qualities, 4 and all parts of bis body arc built symmc, tricaily, 5. Four things lie must hMtevrond? . front, chest, loins an<f limbs; four things long?neck, fore-arm and croup; four things i short?pasterns, back, cars and tail. ? ?Vtr bunc. I ? . o Postal Kuuinus.?It is the duty of ; postmasters at other than letter carrier offices to distribute local newspapers from the ? boxes or general delivery of their offices free of jiostage, when the same are properly 1 dried, folded and addressed, one copy to 2 each actual subscriber residing in the county where the papers arc printed, in whole or 2 in part, and published. Subscribers to such papers arc not required to rent post office boxes in order to have their papers delivered ' free of postage when called for. J'ostmnsters arc required to be always in 3 readiness, in person or by their assistants, to ' receive the mail when it arrives, and when 1 the mail stops over night where there is a ' post office it must be kept in the office. Letters having one full rate?three cents > prepaid thereon?must be forwarded in the 1 mails. Should they weigh more than onehalf ounce the additional amount due for s postage should be rated up thereon, to be collected on delivery. The postage on sec; ond ard third cla?s matter must be prepaid 1 iu full, or not to be forwarded. * Mail contractors must pay the postage on their communications to postmasters and the department with the ordinary stamps, . the same as private individuals. * a Dil'liTimtiA.?We feel it our duty to f give a recipe for the cure of diphtheria, ?, which we know from pcrsoul knowledge has f cured several severe cases. It is simply to I put some pure tar on a plate and apply hot ? ?? i.- * 1 ? * b w4?i.-> 111 iv, uub mib uu >iigu, nuwever, 10 ureo ate a blaze. Then place a funnel upside || down over tlie tar and let the patient iny hale the fumes arising from the burning tar s through the spout of the funnel. It will n give instant relief, and may he repeated as i- often as may he necessary. Tar spread on n a piece of cloth and applied to the throat i- in connection with the inhaling process is also good, much better than old Hitch and liniments. It should not he removed until the throat is relieved of all soreness. s. 3!^ THE COEFEDERATE GOLD, v. Washington, January G.? It appears tKfct the claim made for the coiu of the. Richmond Ranks covered into the treasury is now presented by Wm. A. Isaacs & Co., of Richmond, who in 1871 purchased tho claim. Tho assets of the I>ank of Virginia and the Farmers' Rauk of Virginia wcro sold by order of tho United States Court in 1871, and the coin aud bullion covered into the treasury wcro considered as part of the assets. Tho history of this coin aud buliiou is quite interesting. On the day Richmond was evacuated by tho Confederate forces tho coin and bullion, amounting to about oir>0,000, was loaded ou one of the last , _ . , i i i iij iiii ii i ill mr ii irim* ' ville, S. C. From that place it was transported in wagons to the town ot Washington, in Georgia. In May, 1805, the banks obtained from General Patrick, then in command of tho United States troops at Richmond, a permit to bring their property back. Several of the officers of the banks went to Washington and started back with their treasure. When about eighteen miles from Washington, it is stated, they were met by a roving I 1 -f n - i' 1 . ? ? uiiuu ui ux-v^oincucraie soldiers and relieved of 8250,000. Tlio remaining 8200,000 was safely carried to Kichuiond and delivered to the bunks. Of the stolcu 8250,000 about 8100,000 was subsequently recovered and taken back to Washington, Ga. In duly the agents of the banks made another attempt to remove ^his money, but General Wild, in charge of the frecdmen's bureau, trii objected, and said he would take possession of it for the benefit of that institution.? They then appealed to General Steadman, iu command of the department of Georgia, who overruled Geueral Wild. By the advice of General Steadman it was then taken to Augusta as a safer place than Washington. General Wild, however, sent word to Secretary Stanton and others about it.? dust as the bank officers were starting from Augusta, with a permit from General Terry and a safe conduct from General Steadman, a special treasury agent arrived with orders from Mr. Stanton to transport the coin and bullion to this city, where it was placed-aa a special deposit iu the treasury. The banks then mndc application here, and after a full consideration President Johnson, upon the advice of Attorney-General Speed, ordered the Secretary of the Treasury to turn tUrSMMS,ss^if~ss?-V order, nnd went down to tno'cTfpiteJ personally and procured the passage of a joint resolution through both Houses, ordering the whole amount to be covered into tho treasury. The resolution was referred to no committee, but passed both Houses the samo day it was introduced. General Spinner then immediately sent tho bullion to tlio mints to be corned, in order that all trace of its identity might be lost.?Bait. Ban. Effets of Hkeatiiino Foul Am.? The air we breathe, which a great English physician calls gaseous lood, may become impure to the degree of being indigcstiblo to our lungs and utterly unfit lor the performance of fuuc'ions which are quite as important ns those of our solid and fluid victuals. Hull headaches, nausea, loss of appetite nnd of the sense of smell, and tho sadness produced by the unsatisfied hunger of oxygen, arc only incidental and secondary evils; the great principal curse of tho troglodyte habit is its influence on the respiratory organs. In 1853, when Hanover and other tiarts of northern flnrmonv i ?; 'J visited by a very malignant kind of smallpox, tho great anatomist Lagcnbcek tried to discover "the peculiarity of organic structure which disposes one man to catch the disease while his neighbor escapes. I have cut up more human bodies than the Old Mau of the Mountain with all his accomplices," he writes from (lottingcn in his semi annual report, "and, speaking only of my primary object, I must confess that I am no wiser than before. But, though tho mystery of small-pox has eluded my search, my labors have not been in vain ; they have revealed to me something else?the origin of consumption. I am sure now of what 1 suspected long ago, viz, that pulmonary diso'lcoa 1???va vorvr lilMn *a anco or with orotic excesses, and much less with cold weather, but arc nearly exclusively (if we except tuberculous tendencies inherited from both parents, I say quite exclusively) produced by the breathing of foul air. The lungs of all persons, minors included, who hud worked for soms years in close workshops and dusty factories, showed the germs of the fatal disease, while confirmed inebriates, who had passed their days in open air, had preset ved their respiratory organs intact, what-cver inroads their excesses had made on the rest of their system. If I should go into practice and undertake the cure of a consumptive, I should begin by driving him into tho Dcistcr (a densely wooded mountain range of Hanover) and prevent him from entering a house for a year or two."?Pojmlar S<i>ncc * ' "Soak" is the only Japanese equivalent of "baptize," and the Japanese Uible consequently reads, according to a religious paper, the Alliance: "In those days cauio \ .John, the soaker, preaching to soaking of J repentance. Kepent and be soaked, every one of' you."