Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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r^*^^Wff!ffn) "- jBHHWPBHr^^^flWrHP^^npWlirtflnflffl^BillMBiriirtfnfnmEiii^nBiBi iiiTrrj^^ntTMftftjJMjLL'I^^WjiMBWBPiiWMBwfcfcjJi-ijr -- ^lir&t i mT " '~ "r9^t i- fr~i < iL.;..vir *f ?' ""yy-^ ^ * "* ' 'I unm ^?i. ^^^^^^^^??88?6i'*H8H^98H^Bl^B3Bwfc#iui6te *>" THE DA1BY. MILK AND . ITS MANUFACTURE INTO UUT" , TER. Y At? tho last meeting of the Chenango Farmer's Club, Hon. S. E. Lewis, of l'rosi ton, read a papor ou "Milk and its Manufacture into Butter and Cheese." The cs; say is t first spoko of the importance of prehearing and keeping the milk pure and free ' from taint or odors, in order to make a fine articlo of butter or cheese. No fluid was more sensitive to it surrouudings than milk. THE RISING OP CREAM. ^ The fat or butter in milk is in small ^ globules, and these aro caseine membrane, and are lighter than the ordinary fluid con ~Tr~lrT^ t jTT.r gfflul1/ IWBffbcea Djtnf eondttioirwF (no atmoetphare,. Imacleir, dry atmosphere, " r the wind northwest, the crenni will rise clean in the milk in half tho time that it will take it to rise in a damp atmosphcro with the wind south. In this latter condition of the Atmosphere the small globules of the cream hang in tho milk In a favorable atmosphere tho cream will readily rise in deep settings ; but in an unfavorable coudition of ^ the atmosphere mqr*?rcam will be obtained W from tho samo ([\mfvity of milk in the same time from shallow settings. PREPARING CREAM FOR CHURNING. Groam should always bo churned in its firs^Mrfd, and never be allowed to stand and wh* off. Tho temperature of tho cream should bo from 58 dog., to 62 dcg., varied according to the temperature of the room when nhnrned. Tbo temperature of the Mr* buttermilk when tbo bntter is churned Should not be alTC^fB Wt defc. for fine butter. There should always be milk enough skimmod in with tho cream to give tho batter a bright, clean look when churned. Buttor churned from cream Bkiuimcd close, freo from milk, will havo an oily look when it comes. Cream skimmed froui different milkings should be mixed from four to six hoars or more before churning iu the same churn at the same time. The cascitie sacks which hold the globules of butter in the oream, will not bo of the sumo chemical oouditiops as to their toughness or tenderness in the different creams, consequently tho sacks will not break and form iuto butter at tho same time, hence a loss of butter iu the buttermilk. Should bi mixed loug enough to become ono crcaui. THE llA.TObimj UY UliTXMl Butter should not be allowed to churn until it is gathered compact iu the buttermilk ; stop churning us soon us the dash churns clean, when the butter is in a granulated condition about the size of a largo shot; bavo a hair 'sieve, drain the buttermilk from the butter through the sieve, lettiug tho butter remain iu the churn ; tukc a little pains to drain tho buttermilk off as clean as you can; thcu take the water and turn it upon the butter in tho churn in a stream of sufficient force to pass through tho butter ; this separates the butter ; fill up the churu half or two-thirds full of water, and then with the churu dash stir it up a little, aud the result is that your butter is washed 6l?P%nor buttermilk is rinsed out withbuttor sufficiently hardens in t&e water"ta\c? it off from the water with the ladle and sieve ?then place it upou the workor, hero you gather your buttor compact as yon work in tho salt. This process of washing buttor not only saves much handling of the butter, thereby keeping tho grain of the butter perfect. but it makes a more perfect separation iL. - .L - L?.. Ml_ r ui um vuviuti, aa buu UUUUmillK IS COUipOScd of caseino and water. The rancidity of butter is due to a fermentation geucrated by the oarfTinc existing in it. Butter free from cnseine and water, requires no salt to keep it. In salting butter, no rule can bo givon. He always salted it to the taste. Salt flavors the butter; it loosens and helps expel the cascino and buttermilk from the butter, if there is any in it; also helps preserve the butter from becoming ranoid, if there is uot too much caseine ' left in it, it also toughens the graiu of the ' iMlltlir, Utn.n/l Y nrr iiuU li Illy l??nj r>g?ll cign matter. In working butter the lever or ladle should never be allowed to slip or slide on tho butter, if it doos it injures the grain ; overworked butter soon has an old butter taste. In working butter, never try to force tho buttermilk out; work light, just move tho batter so as to give the salt a chance to dissolve ; as fast as the salt dissolves it will mmw-w. L..i. III J - - ? - wj uu mo uuiHiruiut ana wuor Dy lignt working.?Sentinel, in Utica Weekly Herald. \ Tho butcher drove past last Monday.? Moody ran out. ''Beefsteak ?" "Yes."? "When killed ?" said the evangelist, approaching the cart. "Yesterday." "I don't want aoy meat killed on Sunday." Butcher drives on, soliloquising totlo voce, lleturps Thursday, passing the Moody residence, full drive. Moody hails him again. "Beefsteak?" "Yea." "Bring in ten pounds." "Wo don't take money earned ou Sunday 1" and butcher drives on. Appears Monday uiorning again. Moody on tho watch. "Beefsteak?" "Yes." Lays in a large stock ; no questions asked. ? ? Some people are very correct; you can nover discover any fault in them, hut they never amount to much. COLIC IN HORSES. The mofit common kind of colic in horses is known as wind colic. This arises from fermentation pf food in the stomach, instead of its healthy digestion. If a horse fc brought in tired and is fed immediately, and fills his stomach, there may not be sufficient gastric juice to perform its office. The food will then ferment. Soon the horse wilhbloat; the breathing becomes hard, with frothiug at the mouth. This may not be confounded with the hard breathing in lung fever, since, in the latter, there is no bloating. The passage of the stomach and bowels become clogged with the masses of undigested food, the gas arising from the for mentation cannot pass out of tlio stomach. wGUI diftpnrngtrt forward so that the lungs cannot expand, the breath becomes short and the rapid breathing will shortly induce frothing. If tho trouble reaches this stage, the horse will rarely live more than an hour. In this disease, time is of tho greatest value. As soon as you see your horse is bloating, give something to stop the fermentation. For this. a heaping tablespoonful of saleratus is the best thing. Spirits of hartshorn in a dose of half an ounce, very much diluted, is also good. If now you have checked the fcruicutation for five minutes, the ucxt thing is to make tho gas pass off. To do this, give warm water injections freely, injecting all the animal will hold, if it is a pailful. Turn the horse's head down hill, and use a small force pump, if you have one, or if not, use a piece of rubber tube which should be inserted as far as it will go with ease, and the end of the tube fray tjion be turned up and a fuuncl put iu, iuto whicV turn warm water. After you have put all the horse will bold, turn hitu about and let it pass away, and repeat the operation till tho bowels become free, and the gas passes off. Meantime, another band should be preparing a dose of physic, which should be from ouc-half to three-fourths of an ounce ol aloes. This, if put into water by itself, will uot dissolve, but, if put into a pint of warm water in which a heaping tablcspoouful of 8aleratus has been dissolved, the aloes will dissolve, and the saleratus will be useful as uu antiseptic to stop the fermentation ; to this can be added some uiolass.s to make it more palatable. Should the nuimal scent in much pain, give two ouuccs oi lauuanum or an ouuco Shoulrl the physic not operate in an hour, or half an hour, if it is a very severe case, repeat the dose, keepiug up the injections during the time. If there is stricture from kinking of the bowels, there will be no help. The lecturer had kuown a horse to die in thirty minutes, iu spite of all efforts. Aconite is somctimcr giveu to cure colic, but it was of no value; nor is salt or vinegar, or both, of uso. Chalk and vinegar, which arc sometimes given, the chalk first and thou the vinegar, will alone produce colic, and should never be giveu, as the effervescence may give prcssuro sufficient to burst the bowels. In no ovont take out the animal and run or trot him about, nor rub his belly with a chestnut rail.?Prof. Crcs&y. Fios.?We camo across an old work from which we tako tho following extract, it may be of service to our fig-growuot: The best soil for figs is a strongish hazel loam on a dry bottom, but they thrive in any good garden soil.' *** Much depends on pruning; tho young shoots produced iu the spring do not ripen fruit, but if these shoots be stopped by breaking off the point as soon as they arc from four to six inches long, they will prorlllita oKaA^U wlti/tll ? *?!! h nLn 4 ! r.. 1 uuw v?uui ouvvvD nuivu mu uuai piuutuuily, and ripeu fruit in tho autumn of the next year. So that kcepiug the trco free from old branobes, and stopping the spring shoots every year about midsummer, will keep a constant supply of bcariug wood to be depended on. Large fig trees on walls managed in this manuer are well worth defending from frost by wollen netting, or j?ppe other temporary curtain, to be let ^OTlTSrpW Up W Tit'11 Utauuuij. All fruit produced ou the spring shoots, and which uever ripen, should be pulled off the troc in September, causing vory frequently other young fruit to come forth on one or both sides of tho place where the first grow. This second birth aro sure to ripen in the following summer.?Florida Agriculturist. Tho yield cf wheat per aero in this section,toys the Coviugtou (Ga.) Star, has beuu unusually fino tho present season, aud fairly rivals California and other celebrated wheat-growing sections of our country.? For instance, wo have been informed that Prof. Callaway made 51 bushels on one acre, in Oxford : Mr. C. C. Epps is reported as having made 75 bushels on one and a half QArna TKoon a?>A ??>Aot !?>? %./! Auvnv UiU UIUOV UAW UUIUIUOI J J ICIU3 for this section ; but it shows what oan bo 'done, under propor culluro and favorable Seasons. Tho wheat crop in this section is tho finest we have had for years, and will greatly relieve the financial pressure that is now upon the country.?Southern Fanner. I do not doubt but that genuino piety is the offspring of poaceof mind; it enables us to bear the sorrows of life, and lessens the 1 >;<iigs of death ; tho same cannot be said of lypocrisy.?Jiruyere. MR. TILDEN AN D THE ELECTORAL B&L?IN- j SIDE FACTS COMINQ OUT The recont letter of JileutcnaDt governor Dorshcimer, declaring lie knew fiovcrnor i Tildcn was opposed to the passagv'of the law \ creating the Electoral Commission, is the i subject of much comment in potyical circles j here, especially by loading Democrats, who t have intimate knowledge of all the material ( facts, and are in a position to know how tliat j act came to be passed. 1 c When the conspiracy was first developed, by which Louisiana nud Florida were to be captured through returning boards, gnd Mr. . Zach.'Chandler telegraphed over the tjoumry j on the 8th November, "Ilaycs has 1$5 vo es t and is elected/' right in the faco of t*hqjr6- ( of thcrfnTionaT Hmnocratic OoiiitiiifluJ^'frj v urged to appeal to the country, and to p4lf ' pare measures to defeat this daring sehoiilfc j to steal the Presidency. Had Mr. Tildrn j and his friends pursued this course promptly | and energetically it is believed the eonspira- j tors would have halted iu their design when , confronted with a popular majority of a mil- ' lion of white votes and a quarter of a million I , nfurlntn o?.1 M??lr .1....? -f .. -I....- I * v. .? ...?%? U.?? Mtuvn, iuuv|fv;ii\ii;uv vi a uiuui | and honest majority in the Electoral Colleges. The New York managers hesitated ? to take this responsibility, and of course they . consulted with Mr. Tildon. Their excuse ! was that Congress was about to meet, and it j would be better to wait and take counsel of j the Democrats in both bouses. When Congross came together on the first Monday in j December no line of action was marked out, and opinions were loose and unsettled. Nat- , urally enough the Democrats looked to Mr. I Tildeu as their leader, and expected from him , some suggestion of positive policy. None ( was made. Meantime the conspiracy was | growing in strength every day by the supine- ( ucss, distracted counsels and absence of unity on the Democratic side, because there was , uo rallying point win re their strength might < be concentrated. Troops were drawn to 1 Washington, and preparations were made , for a state of flagrant war, about which the public lias been but indifferently informed. , Finding that New York would not move or lead the way. the Western Democrats in Ohio, Indiana and Illinois made dcinoiistra- , tions of a purpose not to submit tamely to the intended fraud. If that movement had j been seconded warmly by meetings over the | North?for the South had its hands tied, aud was little more than a passive spectator ?IIIC plot miglit silo moc-w.. Crested. ! it liorl irnl.. I * - -. ! 1 formidable. Mr. Hewitt and Ins advisors turned a cold shoulder on this movement ' ana uiscouragcu it iu every way, so mat it ( may be said to have fallen stillborn. \Vitli this failure disappeared the last hope of crushing out the conspiracy by a pop ulift I ' rising against it. Mr. Zuch. Chandler an<$ his associates were elated, and the Democrats were depressed. During all this time' Democratic members of the Senate ami i House of Representatives were constantly in I conference with Mr. Tildeu, without bcinj I able to obtain from him any plan or decisior which would solidify the party. ' i The session was drifting on and the d:y fast approaching for a count of the vote.< Mr. Edmunds had drafted his bill for He ' Ulootoi-ul Commission aud it was rcfened f to u committee. Iu this state of things, I and before either party was comufttcd ab- ; solutely, three members of the House I of Representatives went to New York I aud consulted with Mr. Tildeu, hear- i ing messages from some of the most distill- i guisbed senators. The alternative preaen- i ted were a resolute call upon the people to defend their rights, submission to the in- i iquity or the passage of the Electoral bill. 1 Mr. Tildcn heard theui patiently, considered i all the points, and closed by saying "don't be in a hurry." Others saw him without i getting any decisivo judgment or advice, < one set Delieving him lor the bill aiul another against it. Under these circumstances the bill became a law. The Democrats were never confident of success, but they were cncouiaged by the belief that Judge Davis would jucmbcr 0f the Commission, and they expected much from his impartiality, "Crural courage and practical mind, in sweeping away the devices and deceptions aud frauds of the returning boards, lie was unexpectedly elcctod to the Senate, and having decided to accept that place refused to sit on the Commission ovcu if choson. The rest is recent history, aud need not be repeated. Mr. Dorsheimer' statement is unchallenged, but it must bo said he enjoyed a confidence from Mr. Tilden which was strangely withheld from his best friends ill Congress and from the leaders of the party who woro entitled to know his opinions on the subject. Mr. Tildeti has uiuny statesmanlike qualities, but he is not a leader of men. 11 is mind is el6\v, deliberate and well poised, but he lacks the spirit of prompt action and of cnorgcti^ command, lie may be said to have thrown away the presidency from this const itutioh\l organism. If Mr. Tilden had given the IcMnftgtT&f disapproval the Electoral bill never wuiild have passed.' As it was, his nephew, Mr. Pelton, was established with a large suite at the Arlington Hotel, during the whole winter, as the accroditod manager of his uncle. Hut ho never pretended to bo against the bill, nor did Mr. Hewitt or any of Mr. Tilden's confidential circle. I GRAPHIC PICTURE "F THE PERUVIAN EARTHQUAKE. ..Captain tCollcy, of the ship Alida, whoso s . esscl was destroyed by the great earthquake t vhich occured olf the coast of Peru last f nonth, has just returned to this city. A l ffrrofi/ reporter yesterday afternoon visited he Captain at the office of Messrs. W. 11. "Jrncc & Co., No. G(> l'ine street, and a-;is ' ;iven the following graphic account of the * iccurrcuec: A SCENE OF IIOUROlt. ,j "On the 19th of last May," said the Capain, "we were anchored in the port of Pa>cllon do Pica. The weather was line and 51 milling unusual was noticed. All of a sud- K leu. about ten minutes 11:1st eiebt o'etoek ii> 1 hy-iiveiiing,. experienced a very heavy : mock of earthquake. The night was very ! lark, lmt simultaneously with the shock a 1 jluish phosphorescent light seemed to burst 1 :rom the hilltops. The earth appeared to lave cracked open and to bo vomiting forth 1 lames. The lirst shock was immediately t succeeded by another still heavier, and this t vas followed by a great tidal wave. The j sight became at once tcrriliu. There were j wenty-seven vessels in the harbor, nil drag- .< jing their anchors and floating about at the t mercy of the waves. The sea was very high, f tiul currents were running in all directions i it the rate of eight or nine knots an hour. !\ro small boats could keep afloat . The launches were put out, but the sea turned them ight over. In less time than it takes to tell ' t an immense wave was bearing us to the ] shore. Our ship, the Alidu. struck the rocks ' ind commenced to break up very fast.? There were eighteen feet ot water in her j when I left the wreck. When we struck he depth of water on the rocks was about ( i ft ecu feet, but twenty minutes afterward I ( threw the led over and found this had increased to ton fathoms. The le ngth of the ivavc might be calculated from these data. Seven other ships were driven along shore 1 with us, and were lost. All the other vessels in the harbor were seriously damaged, fortunately, however, the crews all got off safely. Til K TOWN DKSTItOYKI). ' The people on shore were not so lucky. The shocks ot'earthquake had laid prostrate ill the buildings oT the little town. The kerosene lumps used to light the houses had boon broken and tiio town began to burn np. When the wave came it put out the conflagration, ami on receding took with it all the hra'tr; swetrpntg-xut- tyf&u wWihi'UT.JHiAbfi us cleanly as a new broom. The inhabitants, who numbered about four thousand, had taken. to the mountains at the first shock of the earthquake. Uut the wave was too rjuick for some of them and about ouc hunjred and seventy persons were drowned. X AT U U k's It L ItST O K A NO Kit. "The blue flames rising from the mountains, the burning town, the flying inhabitants and the unmanageable vessels in the harbor made a sight never to be forgotton. We bad absolutely no warning of the terrible disaster. The direction of the shock seemed to be from north to south. A volcano twenty-eight miles to the north of where we were, which had long been quiescent, broke out again. The greatest elevation of the tidal wave that followed was ibout sixty feet over the highest part of the town. The place was a considerable depot for guano. All the guano boats, condensers Hud machines were totally destroyed. The nctual loss must have been very great and the damage to the town will not be repaired for many years. We had twenty-one men, nil told, on the Alida, and none were lost. The American Consul at Callao took chartre of us and sent us home. For a fortnight after the tidal wave had occurred there were Bcvore shocks of earthquake along the coast of Peru. Wo often experience slight shocks in sailing in those regions, but I never saw the like of this before and never want to experience it again " IIkcipk Worth Ten Dollars.?Take one part (by weight) rosin, one part beeswax, and four parts good fresh or sound lard. M ix aud melt together over a slow lire, so as to be sure not to burn the mixture. It makes an ointment that is superior to anything that I have over seen tried for the flesh of cither horses or cattle, for cither fresh or old sores, and is especially good to remove old dry scabs. It softens the scab, aud it comes, oil' leaving the skin soft and tough. The mixture is the best thing I ever used for boots or shoes for outdoor wear, as it makes spongy leather water-proof, and hard leather soft. Florida Covkkk.?The Florida Agriculturist has met Mr. Jackman, a New Yorker, who, with others from the same State, settled a colony thirty-six miles south of Miami, near the everglades, in South Florida, and is gratified to learn through him, that the colony is in a prosperous coudition. Mr. Jackman reports that Mr. C. W. Warwick, near Miama, has twenty-two coffee trees in bearing, and from which he gathered during the past season fivo pounds per tree. They wore planted five years ago from seed imported from Brazil. . Always speak well of the dead, and once in a while a good word of the living, if you havo the time. THE HOUSEKEEPER. BltEAKpast Cakk.?About a pint or our uiiii. and two tablcspoonfuls of sou. roam, tcaspornful soda; stir in buck wheat lour enough to make a moderately thick tatter, and bake in a cake tin. Bakki> Custard.?Beat four eggs and wo tablcspoonfuls sugar thoroughly, and tir into one quart of boiling milk ; pour nlo cups, grate nutmeg over the top aud take ten or twelve minutes in a hot oven.? L'o be eaten cold. Chkf.sk Omelet.?Butter ihc sides of i deep dish, cover the bottom wiMi thin liccs of bread, well buttered, a little red icpper and mustard, another layer of cheese, iiid, just before putting in the oven, beat he ye'k of an egg in a crip of cream and put nt.) tbe dish. Bake half an hour, uutil liccly browned. 1..KMON Pie.?The juice and rind of a euioii, one cup of sugar, yolks of two eggs, lireo table spoonfuls of flour, milk enough o fill the plates; line the plates with flour, >our in the custard, and bake till done; jeat the whites of eggs, add four tablc poonfuls of powdered sugar, spread over ho pic, and brown lightly in an oven or stove. Essence of lemon will do for flaroring in the place of fresh lemons. Peach Pudimmi.?Fill a baking dish about three-fourths full of ripe, juicy peaches, stoned, and cut in mudiuui-sizcd pieces. Heat light the yolks of three eggs; idd four tablcspoonfuls of white sugar, three tablespoonluls- of milk or cream, and the nunc quantity of sifted flour ; add the beat?ned whites, and after sifting three tablo poonfuls of sugar over the iruit, pour on the hatter. Mix all well together, and bake three quarters ol an hour. Eat hot, with sauce. Beef and Yedktahlk Soup.?Two pounds hoof, a good size hone, salt and popper. one turnip, one onion, one leek, two sprigs [parsley, one sprig celery, two tomatoes, put the beef (free from hones) in your soup-pot with about two quarts water, put the hones and marrow in a separate vessel with two quarts water and when boiled strain mid add to the beef : cut the vimoU.-iLW ! ? / * small squares, and about bait' an hour before yon want to use the soup put thciu iu with the beef; tq^st bread and cut it in small squares: put in the soup jot before dishing. __ 111_.AHv11E It1IY _WlNKj-4'ut the berries pour ou one pint of boiling water, llruiso them well with a mallet, and let llicm remain twenty-four hours; then strain through a thick cloth. To every gallon of juice add 2J pounds of sugar. Drain again and put into a cask ; cover the bung with muslin ; then put in a cool place; shake the cask daily until fermentation ceases; then strain again and cork tight, and by September it will be ready for use, but improves with age. This receipt cannot be excelled. ScitAl* Pupping ?Put the scraps of bread, crust and crumb, into a bowl, with sufficient milk to cover them well. Cover with a saucepan lid or a plate, and put into the oven to soak for half au hour. Take it out and mash the bread with a fork until it is a pulp; then add a handful of raisins and as many currants, a teaspoonful of brown sugar, half n cup of milk, some candied lemon peel, and one egg. S.ir it up well. grease a pudding-dish, and pour the pudding in. Grate over it a little nutmeg, put it into a moderate oven, and let it bake for an hour and a half. llow to Can Pkaciiks.?As the time has arrived to can peaches, many have asked us how we canned them so nearly whole.? The secret is to never boil the fruit bciore putting it into the can. Select perfect fruit just ripe, pool, and to every pound of fruit use one quarter of a pound of white sugar. Mix the sugar with a little water and let it come to a boil for 6ftecu minutes, to form a syrup. We use glass cans; put iu the peaches aud fill up with the syrup not quite full. Place in a kettle of cold water, the bottom resting on pieces of wood to prevent the glass from coming in contact with the bottom of tbo hot kettle. Gradually fetch to a boil, having the water up to the neck of the can. lioil twenty minutes, then fill the can with hot syrup aud seal up while the steam issues trom the can. See that the rubber is 011 properly. They will keep well. Assorted Kisses.?A humorous friend of ours used to be particularly enthusiastic on the classic subject of osculation. He dcclared that thore were few 1'sciences" so diflicult of acquisition. "People," said he, "will kiss ; yet not ono in a hundred kuows how to extract bliss from lovely lips any more than he knows how to make diamonds from charcoal, lie used to relate his experience of a good-night's kiss, imprinted on the lips of his inamorata after having escorted her to and from a New Knglaud forfeit party, where the poor girl, bciug tho belle of the evening, hud been kissed and, as he expressed himself, "slobbered over by all and sundry." He declared that in that one chaste salute he could discriminate "niue distinct and separate flavors," namely "ouious, tobacco, peppermint, gin, lagerbeer, brandy, checkerhurry, musk and camphor.