The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, December 14, 1893, Image 1
VOll. XXII. PICKENS, S. C., rFtURSDAY, DECEMBER 14, 1893.
PRESIDENT'0 MESSAGE. ite
an
AN EXHAUSTIVE DOCUMENT WHICH A
TREATS OF MANY SUBJECTS. B
pr
so
Relationh With Ftreign C luntrii its
viewed-The New Tariff Measuro Recoin- th
mended-The tieports of the Various I) P- (In
pr,
partenenta Touched Upon. as
To the Congress qf the Un ited Statesy:
The constit u tional dut y which require s
the PreBident, from time to time to aotveo
the Congress information of the state of cit
the Union, and recommend to their con
sideration such measures as he shall
judge necessary and expedient, is fit- Ur
tingly cntered upon by commending to e
Conaress a careful examination of the
detailed statements and well supported su
recommendations contained in the re- no
ports of the lieads of departments who ti
are chiely charged with the executive 001
work of the Government. In an effort kit
to abridge this communication as much op
as is consistent with its purpose, I shall tio
supplement a brief reference to the con- col
tents of these departmental reports by ha
the mention of such executive business .
and incidents an are not embraced there it
in, and by such recommendations as ap- do
pear to be at this particular time, appro- de
-iate. While our foreign relations have by
not at all times during the past year, by
been entirely free from perplexity, no ill
embarrassing situation remains that .
will not yield to the spirit of lairness ii
and love of justice, which joined with ti1
consistent firmness, characterize a truly t,h
American foreign p olicy. Co
My predccessor having accepted the 80
oice of Arbitrator ot the long standing qu
.measures beyond any dispute, tendered za
to the President by the Argentine Re- h
public and Brazil, it, has been my agree- m
able duty to receive the special envoys co
commissioned by those States to lay be-.
fore me, evidence and arguments iin be- wi
balf of their respective Governments. at
The outbreak of domestic hostilities in m
the Republic of Brazil, found the Unit.
ed States alert to watch the interests of ac
our citizens in that country, with which 2u
4 we cariy on important comrerce. Sev- Se
eral vessels of our new navy are now efl
and foe some time have been stationed Gi
at Rio de Janeiro. The struggle being til
between the established Government th
which controls the machinery of admin- o0
istration, and with whii.h we maintain th
friendly relations, and certain oiliers of ee
the Navy emp oyine the vessels of their of
command, attack the State capital and Lil
chief seaports, and lacking as it does tile sc
Lil
elements of divided administration, I th
have failed to see that the insur(-,en .s
can reasonably claim recognition as bel
ligeretis. Thus far the position of our
Governnit has been that of an at_
tentive but impartial obsei ver ofthe un- '
Jcriunate conflict, emphasizing our fixed u
nob,cy of impartial neutrali.y in such a
coidion o' tffais as now enists. I ci
deemca it necessary to disavow, In a
mainer iiot to be misunderstood. the a I
utlauti orized action of our ltte Naval (I
Cninider in those wat-rs in salunoL ,
the rt voli d Braz'li mt Admiral, hein u
indisposed to cunenanice an act calcu
laed to give gratuitous sanction to the pa
locaI instiveenit. a
Tit cutiveition between our Govern- e
ment and CMoi, havilw for its object the I
cettle-nitit and adjostient ot thede- d a
mands of Ihe 1 ro cmutitriei nea n-t each 9
other, has bv( iiiade (1fective by tht- ct
olganwzution ot the Claimis C"EmliiiI Ia
provided tor. The two !overnment i
1iiig to lale; Ut ponl tie tLhird nemillber
of the commiEsion. tiv oo,i? liie,es oif
theFePresient, of the Swviss R..publ)ic ~
were tivoked as providedo in the treaty p
at d the eelect,ion o1 tihe Swiss rep)resen-.
t'.tive in this country to compitlete the Ni
organizaetion was g.ratihinog alike to the
United St ats and (Chili. The vexatious 40
questioni (f socolled lei.ationi asylum for ste
ollendets a jinmet thie State ande its laws aIe
was peresen ed uii:ew i . i.i m; i-a
authori sed Pc'ton cf tie late II *itedi RC
States Ministerc in C o ;,: -, .- i i l'
cia!l'residen1ce two pci1n 5E a ,i ju ~i t
failed in ant ttemplt, at r evolutioni, ande P
nuiamtst whomn criminail chiarnes wer- rei
lending. growinig ouit ot 'a tormier abor_ a
Sive, distuir ba.co. '[Tib doctr ine oft asluim re:
Li
as allied to this case isi not sanctioned t
by the best preceder.t,and0( when allowedb
tetnds to encourae Pedition and sft ile. 81
Ujider no chr cumstances can tile re pre. go
senitatives of' this Government he per- L,
miittedl, uner the illde finedo fiction of
(x:<ai tertitoriality, to iiterrupt the ad1- co
ministration of criminal jur.tice im the an
couutrics to which they are accre(Ihter hi
Temperate demands hlavinL been madoe co
by the~ Chilian goverinment for the cor- b)y
rect.icn of this coiiduct in tie instanco ch~
mnentionedo, the Minister was mnstruicted .r
no longer to harbor the ollenders. i
The legislation of last, year, knw, 5 as
the G,nary law, reqniring the registra- tat
Lion of all Chinese labore entitiet to t
residence in the United States andi the U
deportation of all not, complyimg with - E
the provisions of the act within the a
time prescribed, nmet with much opposi... IS
Lion from Chiinamen in this count,ry at
Actinig up)on the advice of emme'ntLi
counsel, that, the law was unconstitu-..
tional, the great mass of Chinese laborers foi
pending judicial enquiry as to its validi- Lb
tv ini good faith, declined to app)ly for wi
thle certificatcs reqjuiredl by its p)rovistons CI
A Lest case tipon proceedlings b)y habeas sti
corpus was brought, before t,he Supreme
Ceurt, at eI on May 5, 1893, a decision
Was made by that tribunal e-ustaining
that law. te
It is believed that undIer the recent La]
amientement of the act, extending the co
time for registration, the Chinese labor
era then entitledi, who desire to reside ini to
this country, wilnov avail themselves "i
of the renewed privilege t,bus afforded le~
of establishing by lawful procediuse their
righ~t to remam, and that thee eby the ~
necesi ity of enforced deportation may to 4
a great degree he avoided.P
It has dlevolved upont the United Cc
States Minister at Peking, as Dean of 001
then ciplomatic body, and in tihe absense .0
o,f a representat,ive of Sweden and Nor- i~
way, to pressnupon the Chinese govern
menit reparation for Lice recent, murder
of Swedish missionaries at Sung Pu. Ii
This question is of vital interest to all rl
countrics whose citizens engagei
missionary work in the mnterior.gei
By Article 12 of the General A ct ot o
Brusesells, Bigned July 2, 1890, for the coi
euppression of the slave trade and th a ..
itriction of certain injurious commtnereo r
the independent States of the Congo Y
d in the adjacent z-me of Central l1
rica, tho United States and the o her C
natory powers ageed to adopt aopro- e
b
Ite means for thl' pimislmnv'ut of per- b
s selling trms anldi amumitiou to
a natives and for the coAliscation of
3 inhibited articles. 1 )ving the plain h
ty of this gove:'nmncW i) aId in sup.
!ssig the nelarious traftle, impairing p
it does the praiseworthy and civiliz- o
efforts now in progress 'n that region,
ecommend that an act )e passed pro- h
ting the sale of arnis and Intoxicauts sl
nativea in the regulated zone by our C
3osta Rica has lately testillea itt
mdliness b y surrendering to the t
ited States, in the absence of a con- a
ition of extradition, but upon duly b
)mitted evidence of criminality, a t
Led fugitivo from justice. It Is trusted t
it the negotiations already with the c
intry t,o meet recurrinm! cases of the
id will soon be accomplished. In my h
inioii treaties for reciprocal extradi- C
n should be concluded with all those 1
imtries with which the Un'ted States a
3 iot already conventional arrange
uts of that character. I have deemed
itting to express to the Governments a
Uosta Rica and Columbia the kindly d
iire of the United States to see their p
iding boundary dispute finally closed 1
arbitration in conformity with the a
rit of the treaty conc!uded between f
itn some years ago. Our relations t
L the French Republic continue to be a
,imate and cordial. I sincerely hope b
it the extradition treaty with that a
intry, as amended by the Senate. will t
>n be in operation. While occasional I
estion affectin.t our naturalized citi- e
is returning to the land of their birth c
ve arisen in our intercourse with Ger- a
mV our relations with that country tj
Atinue satisfactorv.
rhe questions aflecting our relations e
lh Great Britain have been treated in p
pirit of friendliness. Negotiations are il
progress between the two govern- I
nits with a view to such concurrent to
ion as will make the award and re- d
lations agreed upon ;by the Bebring 1
i tribunal of arbitration practically e
ective, and it :s not doubted that
eat Britain will co-operate freely with a
S country for the accomplishment of V
it purpose. The dippute growing out 11
the discrimiuating tolls imposed in t,
, We'land Canal, upon cargoes of t
reals hound ti and from L%ke ports i
the United States, was stopped by I
Ssubstitution of a more equitable I
iedule of charges, and my predecesior
reupon suspended hii proclamation.
posing discriminating tolls up-n
itish tranist through our canals. A 9
luest for additions to tbe list of ex
I
ditable offenses, covered by the exist
treaty between the two countries, is
der cou iideration.
During the past year an American t
zen, emploed in a subordinaut com- 11
rcibil position in 1-iyti, after aufforini h
rot racted imprisoment on ant unfound t
ebar-e of smuglinc, was finally lih- 9
ted on judica1 e'xamintion. Upoi
-n representiti ion ', tlie Himiati 0
Vernment.. u b1litable indemnity was
d to the sutlerer. 13v a 'aw of RYQi,
ailitng 'essel, lmtvintg d !schargedl her
-go, is refused clear imn until the du
1 on such ctrg)o hav1 hieei paid. The
iship of this m uesre up-n Ameri f
I thip owners, who ciodhct tle hulk
the carrvie:, trade of tIt country, y
Sh ' inl4isted onl wil a view of, it
-eun af Compifnt r
UO ctceivin: attnt formation 1:
the firing tiwi anr Amni-uicant tall t
-ame to chinihu at th e lp', or A.na
lai, heeauii. her captain re Iused to) de- C
('r u'n a lta' nreer, itn transit fromi '
carau:iua ii 3 Guat,emai, noon demam
t he miitti:a authorities of II midurais,
r mn ii'er to t-hat coun try, under in
uct.icin, proIteta a 1St then wanton
and demn an' ed tw%etion. T1he~
vertnmeont, of 11 on hirc. acta bvLu f a r
iso of justice andr it ai spirit of thn t
uostI filendsip, prom ptl y diinav.wed c
>i llegal cond'luct. of its otffiers an ei x - 1
Issedi sinicere regreat f>r thea occur
ice. It is eon fidently anticipantedl that r
itaisttactor-y aidjust.ment will soon be s
sched of the questIon arising out of
seizure and use (if Amierican vessels
insurgents, in Ilonduras, andl thet
squent demal, by the successful
rernment of commericial privIleges to
iso vessels on that account.
A notable part of the southeasterly ji
it oft Liberia, between the Cavally dI
:1 San Pedlro rivers, which, for neorly t
If a century, has been generally ro- n
nuized as belonging to that Republic C
cession and purchase, has been
imned to ho tinder the p)rotectorate 0f a1
anee byv virtue of agreemets etnteredl t
o by the native tribes over whom d
bieria's control has not, been wvell main
iied. More iecently negotiatIons b)e
cen the LiberIan representative andl
i French Glovernment resulted in the
;m1nt at Paris of a ireaty whereby as
adjust,ment, certain LtIberian territory e
ceded to France. This convention, ',
last adlvices, hadl not been ratfill by
3 Liberian Legislature and1( Executive. d
Feeling a sympathette interest in the I
tunes of the little coimmonwhleialth, r
3 establIshmeut antd development of o
mch were largely aided by the benevol- I
ce of our countrymen, mand which e-m
tutes the onily indlependlently sovereign
Ite on the West coast of A frie:i, this
>vernment has suggested to the French ~
v.nment its earnest concern lest, j4
rnitorial impairment in Iberia should1( I
cc place without her unconstrained dI
asent.0
Dir reltions with Mexici continue a
he of the close and triendly nature 11
ich should always characterize the in. t]
course of two neighboring nepubhics. q
~e work of relocating the monuments I
rking the~ boundary between the two 0'
untres from Patso del Norte to the a
cileic no11w nearly c r o leted. The 1
mmnission recently organ .ed under the
iventlions of 1884 and 4889, it, Is ex. g
,ted will speedily settle iasputes grow. f,
out of the shifting currents of the tJ
>Grand River E.ust of El Paso. o
Niearaugua ha~s recently passed g
oughi two revolutions, the party at fu
t bluccessfull having ini turn been dig. It
ced by another. Ouir newly ap- n
ntedl Minister by zils timely good t4
ces aided in a peaiceful adjustment A
the cont roversy mnvolved in the first ri
ifltet. Theli large Aericani Inter- 11
a estahlished in that country in cnn. c
ec.tion with the Nicaraugua Canal
rere not molested. The Canal Col -
any has, unfortunately, become linan
lally seriously embarrassed, but a gen
rous treatment has oeen extend?d it
y the government of Nicaraigiua.
'he United States are especially inter
3ted in the successful achievement of
ie vast undertaking this comp.miy
as in charge; that it should be acconi
lished under distinctly Ameriean aus
ices and its enjoyment assured not
ly to the veesels of this country a;'; a
liannel of commerce between our At
intic and Pacific seaboard, but to the
lips of the world in the interest of
ivilization is a proposition which, in
iy judgment, does not admit of ques
011.
Guatemala ha3 also been visited by
1ie political vicissitudes which have
filicted her Central American noigh
ors; but the dissolution of its Legisla
ire and the proclamation of a dicta
)rship have been unattended with
ivi war.
An extradition treaty with Norway
as recently been exchanged and pro
laimed. The extradition treaty with
,ussia, signed in March, 1887, and
mended and confirmed by the Senato
Fe :uary last, was duly proclaimed
tst June.
Led by a desire to compose differences
nd contribute to the restoration of or
er in Samoa, which for some years
revious had been the scene of con
icting foreign pretensions an.) native
brife, the United States, dep irting
rom its Policy consecrated by a cen
ary of observance, entered tour years
go into the treaty of Berlin, I hereby
ecoming jointly bound with England
nd Germany to establish and main
,in Malietoa Louhepa as king of
amoa. The treaty provided for a for
Ign court of justice; a municipal coun
i for the district of Apia, with a I or
Lgn president thereof, authorized to
Ivise the king; a tribunal for the set
ement of native foreign titles and a
3venue system for the kingdoi. 1
atailed upon the three powers that,
art of the cost of the new government
ot met by the revenue of the islands.
arly in the life of this triple protec
)rate, the native dissensions it. was
esigned to quell, revived. Revalo de
ed the authority of the new king, re
Itsing to pay taxes and demanding the
ection of a ruler by native sutfrage.
lataafa, an aspirant to the throne, and
large number of his native adherents,
rere in open rebellion on one of the is
mnds. Quite lately, at the request of
he other powers and in fulilliment of
he treaty obligation, this government
greed to unite in a joint military
novement of such dimensions as would
>robably secure the surrender of the
nsurgents without bloodshed. The
var ship Philadelphia was accordingly
lut under orders for Samoa, but. before
lie arrived the threatened conflict was
irecipitated by King Malletoa's attack
Lpon the insurgent camp. Mataafa
vas defeated and a number of his men
:illed. The British and German naval
essels present subsequently secured
lie surrender of Mataafa and his ad
erents. The defeated chief and ten of
is principal supporters were deported
> a German island of the Marshal
roup. where tiey are hold as pr.ioner.i
nder the jstit responstbility :nd (os!
I the till-ee powef-rs. Thik ineide-t
ud 'he events leading up to it sigi:il
7 illustrate the uiolicy of entlanit
ng alliances with fora-nin pow,rs
lore than liften ye,ari iiago this g
rnment preferred a 0l in ;itains!
pain in beihalf of on olf oar cifiz -ns
.)r propert.v oeized anld co[19v it(-,d inl
utva. In 1886 the claim was ailis;r,
pain agreeinz to pay uncndliti.malb
s a fair indmi-inity $%,5000Uu. A
,spec' iui but earne- t-owa ree!sc -
addressed to Ihe Spantih Govt-ri
t,t1 Cins iting upon)1 prm pti ) ii! lilml aif
f Its long neglect ed 'lbhgaai(en. (Phe
lalims prefttee by I he. U nite m, ri
gainst. Spa:inl in bhalitf of .\nwrPTIi
itlz--ns for propert:y e .i' iscat'd Uin
tiba hav~e becen p'-:ding fort ~ mny
tedts.
Alt theu time Spain's t ill. t > the C
no Islands was c in frm byi.l 1 irb i
ioaI, that1 goverlnment. atgreed thlit I
ights wvhich ha-) re'n acquir-d tin r
ognized andi res pect &':1. I t is since orely
oped that I h Is pled ge will be' obwru ve,
y allowing our missionlaries who wire
emlovedl iromn i'arape to at place o I
afet y by a United St ates war ship (ldur
g tihe late troubles betwveen the' Spm
uh garrisonl and the na~tives to return
their field of usefulness.
The rep)rodulced Caravel, Sanita M tria,
ult by Spain and sent to the Colium
Ian ICxposition, hals been piresent.ed to
te Unitea States in token of amity am11(
1 commemoration of the event it Wats
eslgnedi to celebrate. I recoinmendI
sat in accepting this gift, Conigress
lake grateful recognition of the sin
are friendship which prompted it.
important matters have demandled
Ltention in our relations wit h the Ot,
)tman Porte. Th'le liring and partial
e'structionl by an uinrestrai ned mob of
no of the school biuilinrgs of Anatolia,
college estaiblishied by citizens of the
Inited States at Marsoran, and( the ap
arenlt indifference of the TIurkishi Gov
rnment to the outrage, notwitlhstand
ig the complicity of someo of its olli
ials called for earnes;t remto nst rare,
h'lich was followed by protimie of no
aration andl p uniishimen t of the offen
ens. I ndemnity for thei inj ury to Ithe
mii dings has1 alread'y been pidi, peri
115ssion to rebunl I given, registratioin
f the school property in the nan:e of
ie AmerIcan owners secured aud cii
lent protection gularanteed.
Iniformation receved( of mnaltreat
ent suffTered by an inoffen:ivye A mner
anf wonman engaged in mnissioniarv
'ork ini Tlurkish Koordustan was I1ol.
>wedl by nuch representat ions to the"
otte as resultedi in the issiunce of or
era for the pulnish tnent of lier as-mi I
rs, the removal of dehoq tint mfA :ials
nil the adoption of mieasuirei ifor I he
rotection oi our ci tizienr en gagid m i
1lission anid othier law 'ali work I i t
uarter. Tuiirkm'y com 0plins . ha t her
rmenliant subjeicts obitin citLizenship)1
this country, nuot to identify thni.
lives in goodi faith wvith our people,
uL with the intent ion oi retur ningii~ to
le land of' their birt t h a'i ther toen -
ngin sedition.
Tecomplaint Is not wholly wviho
>Unldation . A journal publishemd in
11s country in thte Armlenialn language'
penly counselIs its readers to arm, ori -
anise and participate In moveimenats
>r the subversion of T1urkish auit hor -
y in the Asiatic provinces. Tlhe Otto
an government has announced its in
intion to expel from its dominions
rmenians who have obtained natui
ilization in tile United States since
168. The right to exclude any or all
asses of nans isaron at.r.-ut of o
ereignty. it is a right asserted and ti
a limited extend enforced by the Uni
te:l states with the sanction of ou
highest c,urt.
Thero beinig ino naturalization treat:
bet wein the I Ti)ited States and Turkey
our minister v.t Constantinop!e ha'
been instructed that, while recognizinj
the riglt of that Government to en
torce its (eclared policy against natu
ralized,l Armmianvi, he is expectwi to
piotect them iroi ineces.iarv harsh
ness of t reat-ment.
In view of' the impaired financial re
Soulrees of Vteneziela, conseqtient, upoi
the recent. revoliition there, a inodilled
arrangeint, for the satisfactIon of
the awards of the late revisory claim.
coinmission in progress installmentQ
has been assented to, and payments arc
being regularly made thereunder.
The boundary disputo between Ven
ezil(,I;i and Iritish cmiaina is yet unad
justed. A restoration of diplomatic
int ercoa t rse betw,-el hat republic and
Great 11ritain arid reference of the
quest ion to impartiAl arbitration
would be a most &ratifying consumma
tioll. The rat ificationl by Venezuela of
t h1A Conl Velit loll For the arbitration of
the long defe'red claims of the Vene
zuela Trai:nsortation Company is
awaited.
It is hardly aeces.ary for me tostate
that the questions arising from our re
lations with' I[awail have caused seri
out embarrassment. Just prior to the
installation of the present audministra
tioll tlhe existing goverinnent of ia
wail had been suddenly overturned,
and a treaty of annexation had been
negotiated between the provisional
governmnent of the Islands and tile
United States and submitted to the
Senate for rat.ificatiol. This treaty I
wfithdrew for exallinlatioli mid dis
patched Hion. Jamu'; 11. Mount, of
Georgia, to lololuil as a special com
missioner to make ill impartial ii es
tigatton of tile ci I'r Inst alices attend
ing t-le cliulge of govellIment and of
all tlie vonlditions bearing upon the
subject ot the tiettv. Afler a thorough
and exlimustie examination, Mr.
J;!olillt sub:nitted to me his report,
showin :1ig b"y-111d all (ilestion that the
cols' ilit ioi'l governmillent of 1Lawaii
had leei sibverted with tle active aid
of onr repres'ntiat ive to that govern
mnit and through the intimidation
cause1d by the presence oft an arnid
naval for a of tile I lited States which
was landed for that purposo at the in
stance 01 our Miister. '1)on tie
i,acts developed it seemed to me that
th e only hmorable course for on r gov
el'mlelit in pursite was to undo the
wrong that ha I ben (lone by those
repra )"t us'v ad to restore, as far
as iT.1: itbl, the stItu1s (x,i.tiniig at
ti 13 io of' our Iorcibl intervntmion,
'11h1 a \ ieV Of accoipliishing this re
4111L wil hia the colst it ltional limits o
Execlitivo power nid recognizing al
oum i;bl.-atiors andAI resp)onsbilitie
g'owing O;tt of any changed corditiom
brotight atbout b)y o ui' (llnjusj,jli tble in.
terferenco, otir Preselt Illnist.er at
110111tilt las received appropriate in.
str.ctions to tiit end. Tihs f'ar tic
informatiOl of' th( accomplishment of
any delitn e results have been received
from him. Additional advices are soon
xpe~c ed. i \t\-a rec' ived they will
f'e Pr 'Iul iY st ;1 to Conigress, to;reth
' -A% i l :,' inf Irm ioI at. hand
a ,Il tull 'n ii b ' ;t s ui e. c it,isy
L Ifa I ly :r n g a I I Ih i t, Its
lit 0.- : : V o I o o s peeu d rtid
i i of :r a history
ir it cllo' l in I n
!)N Ohw il.lihu r: 1 1 , a by
i e i d "i 4 e( 1riom I ins- to
t it, Is it w 1.1) ily :.rist, fit go
:t itio s wl' ;!I% .1 erni nt wit.h
'.ich: t l: ' i a : i has orma
Iihat.n :f, i , .- rdisp'ites arIising
S. mo: Li , 'jt e pon'S iti('gen
ea i '' re errali : 'l : i',i rantion
-I .9 oI' fr. t'.0, tv hVW i. Aerna:tona'
;lbfi'- ri'1(ili hts b ee ''t ti,'( rtpub
(wu -- ~ mt\' i n--t : shap ' o f n; itin oi
Il idop t'ed yI a rhi bye: trbitration
laisd r or i ailI .-ll:t that theg W vern
1neM ru'S ill:rh miti reXpre'nteti iii gh1t
honp tlrent lii shul. njennientv r his
w,'ish fetoI i'a:iyI i'nlypiorto Ali fgor-.
able respote htaibeenreci eu sinal
p!'io adoe lay I h' arliamenta.ruy res
uOsltil liln vew C nrsdad expresg h
wIc i' in i l ' o-operaIlllt tlensen tientv
of'mtw grll the1( k'it.edrtatiuon the
btsalit li1it' col' nacurr(nt inefoluio
aotv pld I tieiulii: allle~'ards e sigtl
pl entsureI t' nit ithisl aliamentary lIes
olution rif or 'Congress and jotoxrs
:incr gr!u ltliolng that' thesetient
ofis to grail ofndll kidred nton s
thusv aut haritat itl ianiesntavo
ivte a tio'nl.ad peaiceble settlefl)a.
am'ntlf intrtiit(nrl by o
loSnc the t'is ag1tie of lihat of MtatrchI
.I .i . ~uit hru' Win gI t he il'retitlen. to
1a1s' 'i' tilrad of ilir envoyis alto cres
bynI wii t heol r.nk inl i'willhfoe ign
coun1 t II I accor li-ther tent hereea
'-Irit ein1,1 l'aci.' irly ond nations.
I)have ii cnird fmuon thelIiir,mrepor esna
ior , ad 1)11ivo recon ilen by arcard
t ing Iiw aeliti f to lit ed ctats ina
like elva I. ofl tisstion isgi annorrnced
by)~ li'fsi 'i ad when in! tIll beo oio
opar' withniif it Woition itnelt silld
tales' bi in the f11rnipwer ofnatons.
groi.ting my f:iot'mlr ofdmintrin[
nook oeion r eii iinnendl a Amricast
of the h*w reilatjing t th fmci,oslar
seric i, ill rde 11hat ot charcter,m ia
more : elii ent nc lin thepromtion o
If t'uhe i\nr'its :i wa ingtn to suber
su h; .we beenli' ii xpndtid with te
grwil ai r iirimets of oulr coyrignl
ti: ri . Ii 5nrgn t t'impoi:t ute
alle' 'cC' l our tnne n A'smerican
prs ,i: iin ig reil foicftiris,tven
men I, [n iou i soi ren if charirigter, lIn.
y le -'if' 'Jnd aic3 tl lmlit(i t
own11,71 th - rivi-l f ou ex opyitrsht
ports iha4t. The reips olt,ed roen
customs $205,355,016 73 and from in
ternal revenue $161,027,62293 Ou
r d utiable imports amounted to 8421,850,
711, an increase of 852,453,907 over th
r preceding year, and importations frei
, of duty amounted to $444,544,211, 1
i decrease from the preceding yeai
of 813,455,447. Internal revenue re
ceipts exeooded those of the preceding
- yer bv57,147,445.32. The total tax
collected on distilled spirits was 894,
720,210 55, on manufactured tobaccc
$31,889,711.71, and on fermented liquorm
$32,48,183 07. We exported merchand
ise (d uring the year amounting to 8847,
,65,794, a decrease of $182,612 954 froi
the preceding year. The amount of
gold exported was larger than any pre
vious year in the history of the govern
ment, amounting to 8108,680,844 and
exceeding the amount exported during
the proceeding year by 858,485,517. The
sum paid from the treasury for sugar
bounty was $9,375,130.88, an increase
over the preceding year of $203,305,
309.
It is estimated upon the basIs of pre
sent revenue laws that the re
ceipts of the government for the year
ending June 30, 1894, will be 8430,121,
365 38 and its expenditures $458,121,
365 38, resulting in a defleiency of 828,
OC3,000. On the first day of November
1893, the amount of money of all kinds
in circulation or not included in Treas
ury holdings, was$ 1,718,544,682, an in
crease for the year of $112,404,947.
Estimating our population at 67,426,
000 at the time mentioned, the per cap.
ita circulation was $25.49. On the
same (late there was in the Treasury
gold bullion amounting to 897,757,273,
and silver billion which was parchasrd
at a cost of A126,261,553.
h'lie purchase of silver under the law
of July 14, 1890, during the last fiscal
year, aggregated 54,008.14259 fine oun
cEs, which cost 115,531,374.53. The total
aiount of silver purchased from the
ti me that law became operative until
the repeal of its purchasing clause, on
th( firstday of November, 1893, was
i,A71,590 .16 line ounces, which cost
)155,93o,940.84. Between the first day
of March, 1873, and the first day of No
vember, 1893, the government purchas
ed under all laws 503,903,717 ine
ounces of silver at a cost of $516,622,
9-18. Th' ie silver dollars that have been
coined under the Act of .)uly 14, 1890.
number 36,087,285. The seigniorage
arisin from such coinage wjj *6,977,
0118.3'), leaving on hand in the mints
110,699,7110 titne ounces of silver which
cost *1216,75S,218.
Our total coinage of all metals during
the last fiscal year consisted of 97,280,
875 pieces, valued at $43,685,178.80, of
which there was $30,038,140u in gold
coin, $5 33,715 in silver dollars, $7,217,
220.90 in subsidiary silver coin and $1,
0N6,10290 In mintior coins. During the
calendar year 1892 the production of
precious metals in the United States
was estimated to be 1.593,375 tine oun
ces of gold of the commercial and coin
age value of $33.000,000, and 58,000,000
floe ounces of silver at the bullion or
market value of 850 750 000 and of tne
coinage value of 974,989.900.
It Is estimated tiat on the first day
of July, 1893. the metallic stock of
money in the United States, consisting
of (oin and bullion, amminted to S.
213,559,169 ofvwhichS597,697,685 was gold
au-I 6615.861,-184 wa. silver. One hun.
dred and nineteen national banks were
organizotl dirtin,, the year ending 0.
toher 4f , 18113, wit h a capital of $11,
230,000. Fort.y-six went into voluntary
liquidationl aln I one hundred and fifty
eight, slspoided. Sx'y-tlve of the sihs
pended biks were insolvent, eighty
six resimed business an'I seven re
matri in the hands of bank examiners,
wit!h prospects of speedy resumption.
Of the iwl bmiks organized forty-four
were loc.t ed in the E istorn St atec,
forty,one WIest of the Mississippi river
an<d thirt.y-foa r in the Cent ral andi
Southern State s. The total niumbier of
bank In existenie onl thle 31st of Octo
ber, 1893, was 3,79t;, thaving an aggre
gatle cap)ital of $695,558,120. 'lhe net
increase in the circulation of these
banks during tihe year was $86,886,972.
I'he recent repeOal of the provision of
law requliring the purchase of silver
bf.lion by the government as a feature
of our1 mlonetary scheme baa madie an
tint ire change in the complexion of our
cuzrrenicy affairs. I do not doubt that
I ihe ultimate resuilt of this action will
be iiuost salutary and( far-reaching. In
thi" natuire of tilngs, however, it is fin
possMible to know at this time, precisely
wrhat conlditions will be brought about
by3 tile change, or what, if any, supple
mnentary legislation may, in the lighut
of such conditions, appear to be essen
!ial or expedient. Of course, after the
recenlt financial perturbation, time is.
neocessary for the re-establishment of
business confidence. When however,
through this restored confAdence tile
In m10y, which hais been frightened Into
hoarding places, is returned to trade
and( enterprise, a survey of the situa
tin will prob)ably disclose a safe path
leading to a permanently soundl cur
rency, abundantly suficient to meet
every re'quiremient of ouIr increasing
population andl business. Ina the pur
suit of this object we should resolute
ly turn away from alluring andl tempo
rary expedlents determned to be coil
tent with nothing less than a last.ing
comprehensive fInancial plan. In these
circumnstanuces I am convinced that a
reasonab)le delay in dealing with this
subject, instead of being injurious, will
increase the probability of wise actionl.
'i'he monetary conlferenlce which ais
sembled at Blru-sels upon our invita
tion was adljournied to the 30thl day of
November of the present year.
The consIderation just stated and
the fact that a defInite proposition
from us seemed to ba expected upon
the reassembling of tile conference lett
mec t> express a willingness to have the
meeting still furthler postponed. It
seems to mes thlat it would b)e wise to
give general authority to the President
to invite otther nations to such a con
ference at any time when there should
be a fair prospect of accomplishing an
inlternational agreement on the subject
of coinage. I desire also to earnestly
suggest till wisdom of amendfing tile
exIsting statutes in regard to issur
ance of government bonds.
The authority Dow vested In the Sec
retary of the T1reasury to issue bonds,
is not as clear as it should be and the
biondos auithorized are disadvantageous
to this governient, both as to the time
of their maturity and rate of interest.
The~ Superintendent of Immigration
throughl the Secretary of the Treasury,
reports thlat duiring tile last fiscal year
thlere arrived at our ports 440,730 immi
grants, of these 1,063 were not permit.
tedl to landl unider the limitations of
the law. anrd 577 were returned to the
countries from whence they came by
reason of their having become -u.
charges. The total arrivals were 1I
r 034 less than for the previous year.
The Secretary in his report gives a
) account of the operation of the Marit
) Hospital Service and of the good wor
i done under its supervision in preven
lng the entrance and spread of cont
geous diseases. The admonitions
the last two years touching our pub
health and the demonstrated danger <
the introduction of contageous disea
es from foreign ports has invested ti
subject of National quarantine wit
increased interest. A more general an
harmonious system than now exist
acting promptly and directly ever,
where and constantly operating )y pr
ventive means to shield our counti
from the invasion of disease, and ,
the same time having due regard t
the rights and duties of local agencie
would, I believe, add greatly to th
safety of our people.
The Secretary of War reports th
the strength of the army on the 30t
day of September last was 25,578 enlist
ed men and 2,144 officers. The totE
expenditures of the department for th
year ending June 30, 1893, amounted t
851,966,074 89 - Of this sum $1,992,581,
95 was for salaries and contingent ex
penses, $23,377,828.35 for the sunpor
of the military establishments, $6,077,
033.18 for miscellaneous objects an(
$20,518,031.41 for public works. Thii
latter sum includes $M0,296,876.46 fo:
river and harbor improvements am
83,266,141.20 for fortiflcations and othi
works of defense. The total enrol!
ment of the militia of the severa
States was, on the 31st of October ol
the current year, 112,597 ollicers an(
enlisted men. The oflicers of the arm]
detailed for inspection, and not Instruc
tion, of the reserve of our militarl
force report that increased interest an(
marked progress are apparent in tlh
discipline and efliciency of the organi
zation. Neither Indian outbreaks noi
domestic violence have called the arm3
into service ,luring the year, and th
only active military duty reqired of
it has been in the department of Texa
where violations of the neutrality laws
of the United States andt Mexico were
promptly and efficiently dealt with by
the troops, eliciting the warim.t ap.
proval of the civil and military author.
ites of both countries.
The operation of wise laws and thE
influences of civilization constantly
tending to relieve the country from th(
dangers of Indian hostilities togethei
with the increasing ability of th(
States through th3 efficiency of th
National Guard organizations to pro
teet their citizens from domestic vio
lence lead to the suggestion that tiE
time is fast approaching when therf
should be a reorganization of our armS
on the lines ot the present necessities
o the country. This change contem
plates neither increase in number not
added expenses, but a redistributior
of the force and an encouragement ol
measures ten(ling to greater e1li,iencj
among the men. and improvement ol
the service.
The adoption of battallion formatlor
for infantry regiments. the strengthen
ing of the artillery force, the abandon
ment of smaller and unnecessary posts
and the massing of the troops at fim
portant and accessible stations, all
pro-nise to promote the usefulness of
the army. In the judgment of army
officers, wit.h but few ex ceptions, the
operation of the liw forbiddinig the re
re-enlistment of men after ten ye.ri'
service has not proved its wisdom, and
while the arguments that led to its
adoption were not without merlt, the
experience of the year constrains me
to join in the recommendation for its
repeal.
It is gratifying to note that we have
began to alain computed results in
the comprehensive scheme of sea coast
defense and fortinication entered upon~f
eight years ago. A large sum has been
al ready expoied,but the cost of min
tat nance will bie mfconisiiderable as coin
pared with the expense of constructioni
<d( ordhtinance. At the end of' the cur
rent calendatr year the war depart ment
will have ninety twelve-inch guns,
twenty ten-linch and thirty four eight
inch guns readly to be mounted on gun
lifts andi carriages an.] sevety-ilve
t welve-inch miortars In addition to the
product, of the army gun factory now
compIletedi at Watervelt. Th'fe govern
ment has contract.ed with private par
ties for the purchase of' 100 guns of
these cahlbres, tihe iirat of which should
be0 delIvered to thme department for test
before .J uly 1, 1891. 'The mantifactumre
of heavy ordnance keeps paice with
current needs; but to render these guins
available for the purpose they are de
signed to meet, emnplacements muet be
prep)ared for them. l'rogress has been
made in this ditrect ion, andi it Is dlesira
le that Congress by aderguate appro
priation should providle I or tihe unci n
terrup)tedl prosectition of' the necessary
work.
A ft.er muchnlpreliminary work and
exhaustive examination, in accordance
with thme requnirements of' the law, the
board appointed to select a magazine
rifle modern type with which to replace
the obsolete Springlie'ld Ittilie of the iia
fantry service, compmletedi its labors dum
ring the last year, and the work of'
manufacture is now in progress at the
National Armory at Springiel. I t Is
confidently expected that by the endl of
the current year our infain try will be
suppliedi wit,h a weapIonl v<lual ta that
of the most progressive ar-mie's of thme
world.
The work on the projecee Chicka
mauga and Chat.tanooga National Mil.
Itary Park has been p)rosecuitedl with
anal and judgment, and Its op)ening
will be celebrated (luring the cominig
year. Over nine square miles of the
Chickamnauga battilield have been ac
qluired; twenty-flve miles of roadway
have been constructed and permanent
tablets have been placed at many hits
torical points, while the Invitation to
the States to mark the positions of
their troops participating in the battle
has been very generally accepted. The
work of locating and preserving the
lines of battle at the Gettysburg bat
tlefield Is making satisfactory progress
on the plans directed by the last Con
gress.
The reports of the Military Academy
at West P'oint and the several schools
for special instruction of officers show
marked advance in thel education in
the army and a commendable ambi
tion among its Officers to excel In the
military profession and to flx them
selves for the highest service of the
country, Under the supervision of
Adjutant-General lRobert Williams,
lately retired, the bureau of military
information has become well establish
ed, and is performing a service that
will put In possession of the govern
ment in time of war most valuable In
formation, and at all times serve a pur
Poeo reat utility in keeping the
arin alvl-atterf petI world's progress
in all ttr netilng to the art of
t- Tho aireport of te Attorney-General
t- Coais the us. summary of the af
>-fairmend f .esedmlgs of the Depart
ucthrwt cer for the past year, to
>'ittlnede certnrecommendations
s- jects. lcarmoti ieilorsor on various sub
t. ete proposit tohatteartily endorse
hppicabletio that th fee systemn as
h tped lte tor ecompensation of Ui-al
d, ofted lal touts, narshals, Clerks
ommiesraioners ahoud Vnited States
3- it ao~ s' little delio- be abolished
~. wih as i tt . iea.v as possible. It is
y clearly in the inter:est of the commnuni.
~t ty that 14he buinesls of the Courts,bothi
o civil arnid rminal sh<ill lie as small
,and as irIexpenIsively transacted as the
e ends(J of J'itee will allow. The systemI
is, I her.f ore., thorouighiy vicious Which
,t maikes the eCnpenisatin of Court of
h lici ils depeil upon ihe volume of such
-busi ness, and thus creates a conflict be
i tween as proper execution of the law
e and private guin, which c innot fail to
o be dan erou- to the rights and free
- dom of t he ritiz ms and an irresistil
-temptatio:i to the ui'I tili ible expen
t diture of p'iice funds- if in a1tition
- to this ref orm another was inaugurated
I which woul I give the United States
a Commissioners the li'nal dilspositionl of
Spetty offenseo within the grade of mis,
I demeanors,esp' ially those caming un
der the intern il revnue laws, great
advance woulh i~ bn m-e t nvard a inore
I recent admimstr.io' of a criminal
law.
l In my first ine sae t> Congress, da
ted December 1Ss5, I strongly recoin.
mended these chainges and referaed
somewhat at length to the eviis of the
l precent Dystem. Smne3 tha t time the
criminal b)usinm the iederal Courts
anid the . xpenis - t.-ndu it have
enormously incro The nmumber of
criininal prosecum,.. *'ding in the
Circuit and District C o-: of thie Uni
ted States on the lst d wv of .1 iily, lss,
wvas 3,805, of whlicl' l,MS were for vio
lations of the internal revenue laws,
while the number of prosecutions pend'.
ing on the lst (lay of .hily, 1893, was
nine thousand five hundred, of which
four thousand two hundred were viola
tions of the internal revenue laws. The
expense of tile United States Courts,
exclusive of judges' salaries, for the
year ending July 1, 1i5. was $2,874,
,33 i1, and for trie year enimng July 1,
18113, $U>'N,47t;87. It is ttieref ore ap
parent that the re is.rn given in 1883 for
a change In thle manner of enforcing
the Federal criminal law have gained
cogency and strength iby lpse of time.
I also hereby join the A.ttorney Gjen
eral in recoimmlendling legislation fixing
the degrees of the crime~ of murder
within the Federal jurisdiction, as has
bleen dlone in man~y of the States; an
t.horizLing wvrits of error on behalf of
the government ini casa.s where final
juidgnienit i.s rendered against thle sufi
cienicy of an~ Idictmnent or against thie
!g->vern mett upon anly other <listlon
ati ising before the actual trial, limiting
the rigut, of' revie w fin cases of' felany,
punishing (only by fine and imprison
ment, to the Circuit, Court of Appeals
and making speedy provision for tue
constructioni of suhl prisonis and refor
mi:itories as mayv be nlece3ssary for thle
coniiznment of Unite<d States convicts.
T'he report of the Po'stmuaster-Gener
al conit. 11us a udesalled statement, of the
o'perations of thle l'est eli -m 1 mrr,
menft, du iring the las. fiscal year and
mnich iliterestiizg illi 'urinatin toucil
ing iipt n t.his u itant bJrainch of the
puhbbie service. 'nu business of the
mails ilic.ates withl at.solute certain
t,y u.11e COnditioni of tl" bmtdiness of the
fairs inevit.ibly anid quckly >eilnces
the postal revenues. UInerefo)re a larg
er discrepanlcy thamai imual between the
)o.stoflice recipts and expenldituros 1s
the ex Ipected :ulid tulavoidable result
of thle dIistressinig striiigenlcy which hlas
prevailed thirotughiout tile e.lun~try dur
ing imtich of the time covered by the
Postmiaater General's rep)ort. At a date
when bett.er times we-re anlticipated ft
was es5t imnated by his predecessor that
t.le dh ficiency on the :30th day of' June,
1893, would be buit a lit,tle over a mil
11(on and a halfC dollars. it amounted
however, to more thaun live millions.
At the same4 1. ime aiid under tile influ
ence of' Iike atiipat ions, esti mates
wvere imiade for the currenit fiscal year
ai siirt lus of revenue over ex penditures
of 872,2l~>.7f; but now, iniie IoW f the
actuail reeipts and ex pendi tuires duii
fng that partf of the cit rren t fiscal year
already expji red, fhe presenlt Postmas
ter (General estimates that at its close
ins5tead( of a snurpl us there will be a de
ficiency of niearly eight million dollars.
Th'ie postoflice receipts for the last fi
cil year amo'unit,ed to $75,89;,933.16; and
Its ex pendiitre to ~81,U74,10I.9J. This
p)ostollicd deiheiency would disappear
or lie I imenisely dlecrease if loss mat
ter was carried free through the mails,
among which is ulpwaird of three hun
dre-d tons of seed anid grain from the
Agrieuitural D)epartmenit. TIhie total
tnmber of postoflices in tile United
States on the 30th of ,Jutne, 1893, was
bSA403, an increase of 1,2.31 over the
p)recedIing year. Oif thess 3,3';0 were
P'residential, an increase in that class
of 204 over tihe p)reneding year. Forty
tivwo f ree (delivery oflices were -idded
during the year to those alread'/ exist
ing, mnakIng a total of sIx hundred and
ten cities anldtowns provided 'iith free
dlelive -y oin June1 30, 1893. Ninety
three othler cities and towiu are now
entitledl to tis service un'ier the law,
but it has not been accorded them orn
account of insuicijent funds to meet
the expense of its establishment. I am
decIdedly ,of the opinion that the pro
visions of the presen>t law permit as
general an Introduction of thi-s feature
of mail service as is necessary or jus5tl
ilable, and that it ought not to be ex
tended to smaller communities than
are now designatedi.
The expense of free (delivery for the
fIscal year ending ,J une 30, 1891, ill be
more than $11,00,000, and under legis
lation nowv existing there must be ai
constant Increase in tiis item of expen
diture. There were 6,10f additions to
tile domestic money order oflces during
tile last fiscal year,~ being the largest in
crease in any year since the ninaugura
tion of tile system. The total number
of these oflices at the close of the year
was 18,434. Trhere.were 13.309,735 mon
ey orders issued from these offices, be
ing an increase over the preceding year
of 1,240,203 and the value of thlese or
ders amounted to $127,2761,133.d5, an In
crease of 87,509,632.58. There were al
so Issued during the year postal notes
amouriting to $12,093.076.73. During
the year 195 internta' ionu mo"ev or
[ooNTINUE~D ON PAoE~ FoUR.]J